OBE-Based

Institutional
Correction

A Course Module for Students

Burauen Community College

For Internal Use Only i

Institutional
Correction
A Course Module for Students

Burauen Community College

Written and Designed by

Burauen Community College
Burauen, Leyte
[email protected]

Prepared by:
Marlon C. De La Cruz, RCrim
Faculty – College of Criminal Justice Education

ii
 BCC VISION
Burauen Community College shall emerge as the
premier local public educational institution in
Eastern Visayas which is responsive to the needs of
the community, and develops students to meet the
economic, social, and environmental challenges as
active participants in shaping the world of the
future.

BCC MISSION
Burauen Community College offers holistic and
outcomes-based experiential learning to develop
the youth to be responsible individuals with
integrity and service as agents of equality. It will
serve as a venue for the development of individuals
in the areas of academics, research, community
extension, and innovative technology.

iii
Institutional
Correction

Burauen Community College

Printed in Burauen, Leyte

© 2021

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send your request to [email protected] or you may visit the institution
for an in-person request.

iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Vision and Mission iii
Table of Contents v
Preface vi
SEMI-FINAL

Module THE GOOD CONDUCT TIME ALLOWANCE 1

4

Unit 1 Provincial Jails 3

Unit 2 Right of Prisoners 4
2.1 United Nation Standard Minimum Rules of 4
Treatment of Prisoners
2.2Privileges of Prison Deprived of Liberty 5
2.3 International Bill of Rights 6
Unit 3 Good Conduct Time Allowance 6
3.1 Special Time Allowance for Loyalty (STAL) 7
3.2 Allowance for Teaching, Study, and 8
Mentoring

Unit 4 Prisoners’ Rights, Discipline and Punishment 8

4.1 General Category of Inmates 8
4.2 Other Alternatives of Imprisonment 9

Summative Assessment 11

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 Preface

As stated in the Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations of

Republic Act No. 10575 known as “The Bureau of Corrections Act of
2013”, section 3 (par. u), prisoner refers to a detainee, inmate, or
another person under confinement or custody in any other manner.
However, to prevent labeling, branding, or shaming by the use of
these or other derogatory words, the term “prisoner” has been
replaced by this new and neutral phase “person deprived of liberty
(PDL)” under Article 10, of the International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights (ICCPR), who shall be treated with humanity and with
respect for the inherent dignity of the human person.
Persons deprived of liberty still have their rights, as a
human or as a person, even if they are already inside the correctional
institution or under the custody of the Philippine correction system.
 FINALS:
THE GOOD CONDUCT
TIME ALLOWANCE.
 THE GOOD CONDUCT TIME

4 ALLOWANCE
CONTENTS

UNIT I
 Provincial Jails
UNIT II
 Right of Prisoners
UNIT III
 Good Conduct Time Allowance
UNIT IV
 Allowance for Teaching, Study, and Mentoring
UNIT V

 Prisoners’ Rights, Discipline and Punishment

OUTCOMES

LO5. Appreciate and recognize the approaches of correctional institution in

the Philippines through the application of Standard Rules in Treatment of
prisoners, the good conduct time allowance, classification of inmates and
other alternatives to imprisonment.

OBJECTIVES
1. The student will be able to appraise the approaches of correctional
institution in the Philippines.
2. The student will be able to evaluate the Standard Rules in the
Treatment of Prisoners.
3. The student will be able to understand the application of Good Conduct
Time Allowance (GCTA).

2 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

Course Direct Instruction:
As stated in the Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations of
Republic Act No. 10575 known as “The Bureau of Corrections Act of 2013”,
section 3 (par. u), prisoner refers to a detainee, inmate, or another person
under confinement or custody in any other manner. However, to prevent
labeling, branding, or shaming by the use of these or other derogatory
words, the term “prisoner” has been replaced by this new and neutral phase
“person deprived of liberty (PDL)” under Article 10, of the International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), who shall be treated with
humanity and with respect for the inherent dignity of the human person.
Persons deprived of liberty still have their rights, as a human or as
a person, even if they are already inside the correctional institution or under
the custody of the Philippine correction system.

Provincial Jails
Secretary for Peace and Order of the
Department of Interior and Local
The Provincial Jail system was Government regarding the Manual
first established in 1910 under the Operations for Provincial Jails are
American regime. Each country’s basically similar to the correctional
eighty-two (82) provinces has a procedures and practices of the
provincial jail to serve as penal BJMP.
facility for prisoners who are The following shall be the
categorized under the law as guiding principles in the treatment of
provincial prisoners who are provincial jail inmates and
categorized under the law as detainees;
provincial prisoners. For provinces 1. There shall be no description
whose jails are overcrowded a sub- in treatment of offenders on
provincial jail is created. They are account of race, color, sex,
those sentenced by the courts to a religion, language, politics,
prison term of from six (6) months nationality, social origin,
and one (1) day to three (3) years. property, birth or other status.
Provincial jails are under the 2. The purpose of jail
supervision and control of Provincial confinement is merely to
Jail Warden. Although the Local punish a convicted offender
Government Units (LGU), which but to negate his criminal
includes the provincial government, tendencies and restore his
are under the supervision of positive values to make him a
Department of Interior and Local productive and law-abiding
Government, the provincial jails citizen.
operate independently and 3. Except as provided by law, a
autonomously from the Bureau of detention prisoner shall be
Jail Management and Penology. presumed innocent and shall
The Memorandum-Circular be treated differently from
dated March 7, 1994 issued by the convicted prisoner.

3 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

 4. The religious belief of an
inmate shall be respected.

Rights of Prisoners prisoners-whether pre-trial or

The most inhuman act that convicted.
society commits against prisoners is Nelson Mandela Rules is
the blatant disregard for their rights. known to honor the legacy of the
The thought that prisoners have late President of South Africa, who
human rights escapes most people. spent 27 years in prison in the
Being deprived of their liberty for course of his struggle for global
violating the law does not mean human rights, equality, democracy,
depriving them of all the rights of a and the promotion of a culture of
person or as a human. peace.
While part of a prisoner’s The following enumerates the
punishment is deprivation of certain rights and privileges of person are
civil rights, every prisoner has rights deprived of liberty (PDL);
mandated and protected by the A. United Nations Standard
United Nations Standard Minimum Minimum Rules for the
Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners Treatment of Prisoners
(UNSMRTP), the International B. Good Conduct Time
Allowance
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
(ICCPR), and the Convention against
A. United Nations Standard
Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or
Minimum Rules for the
Degrading Treatment or Treatment of Prisoners (the
Punishment. Nelson Mandela Rules)
However, in the face of all these I. Rules for General Application
international instruments, society  All prisoners shall be
persists in violating the human rights treated with the respect
due to their inherent
of prisoners by omission and apathy
dignity and value as
– neglecting to do what ought to be human beings. No prisoner
done and turning a blind eye on shall be subjected to, and
what needs to be addressed. all prisoners shall be
The United Nations protected from, torture and
Standard Minimum Rules for the other cruel, inhuman or
Treatment of Prisoners (UNSMRTP) degrading treatment or
punishment, for which no
were first adopted in 1957, and in
circumstances whatsoever
2015 it was revised and adopted the may be invoked as a
Nelson Mandela Rules that cover all justification. The safety
122 aspects of prison management and security of prisoners,
and outline the agreed minimum staff, service providers and
standards for the treatment of visitors shall be ensured at
all times.

4 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

 No discrimination on the in other United Nations
grounds of race, sex, color, covenants.
language, religion,  Right of the prisoner to
political, national, social take part in the cultural
origin, property birth, or activities and education
other status. aimed at the full
The religious beliefs and development of the human
moral precepts of prisoners personality.
shall be respected. In  Abolition of solitary
order for the principle of confinement as a
non-discrimination be put punishment, or to the
into practice, prison restriction of its use,
administrations shall take should be undertaken or
account of the individual encouraged.
needs of prisoners, in  Prisoners to undertake
particular the most meaningful remunerated
vulnerable categories in employment which will
prison settings. Measures facilitate their reintegration
to protect and promote the into the country’s labor
rights of prisoners with market and permit them to
special needs are required contribute to their own
and shall not be regarded financial support and to
as discriminatory. that of their families.
 Respect the religious  Access to health services
beliefs and cultural without discrimination on
precepts of the group to the grounds of their legal
which the prisoners belong. situation.
 The responsibility of the  With the participation and
prisons for the custody of help of the community and
the prisoners and for the social institutions and with
protection of the society regard to the interest of
against crime and its the victims, favorable
fundamental conditions shall be created
responsibilities for for the reintegration of the
promoting the well-being ex-prisoner into society.
and development of all  The above principles shall
members of the society. be applied impartially.
 All prisoners shall return
the human rights and Privileges of Person Deprived of
fundamentals set out in Liberty (PDL)
Universal Declaration of  Detainees are allowed to
Human Rights (UDHR), wear their own clothes
International Covenants on while in confinement, write
Civil and Political Rights letters subject to
(ICCPR) and the optional reasonable censorship,
protocol as well as such provided expenses hall be
other rights as are set out borne by them.

5 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

 Receive visitors during  Perform such other works
daytime but visiting as may be necessary for
privileges may be denied in hygienic and sanitary
accordance with the rules purposes.
and whenever public safety
so requires. Moreover, International Bill of Rights
visitors are prohibited from  Universal Declaration of
entering cells and physical Human Rights
contact between visitors  No one should be
and inmates is absolutely subjected to torture or to
prohibited. cruel, inhuman or
 Receive books, letters, degrading treatment or
magazine, newspapers, punishment.
and other periodicals that  Everyone has the right to
the jail authorities may life, liberty and security of
allow person.
 Be treated by Bureau’s  No one shall be subjected
Health Services Personnel to arbitrary arrest,
or by their own doctor and detention or exile.
dentist at their own  Everyone charged with a
expense upon proper penal offense has the right
application and approval. to be presumed innocent
 Be treated in a government until proved guilty
or private hospital, according to law in a public
provided it is authorized by trial at which he has had
the court at their own all the guarantees
expense necessary for his defense.
 Request free legal aid if B. Good Conduct Time Allowance
available, enjoy the right (GCTA)
to be visited by their Good conduct time allowance
counsel, grow hair in their or GCTA is a sentence reduction
customary style provided it provision afforded to prisoners who
is decent and allowed by
show good behavior. It has been in
the rules.
 Receive fruits and prepared existence since 1906 under Act 1533
food, subject to no “An Act Providing for The Diminution
inspection and conformity of Sentences Imposed upon
by the jail official. Prisoners Convicted of any Offense
 Smoke cigar and and Sentenced for a Definite Term of
cigarettes, except in More than Thirty Days and Less than
prohibited places, read
Life in Consideration Of Good
books and other reading
materials available in jail Conduct and Diligence”. It was later
library, maintain repealed in R.A. 3815 “Revised Penal
cleanliness in their cells Code” and amended by R. A. 10592
and brigades or jail with the following provisions;
premises.

6 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

Period of Preventive imprisonment, he shall
Imprisonment Deducted from be allowed a deduction
Term of Imprisonment of twenty five days for
Offenders or accused who each month of good
have undergone preventive behavior during
imprisonment shall be credited in the detention.
service of their sentence consisting  During the eleventh and
of deprivation of liberty, with the full successive years of his
time during which they have imprisonment, he shall
undergone preventive be allowed a deduction
imp0risonment if the detention of thirty days for each
prisoner agrees voluntarily in writing month of good behavior
after being informed of the effects during detention; and
thereof and with the assistance of  At any time during the
counsel to abide by the same period of imprisonment,
disciplinary rules imposed upon he shall be allowed
convicted prisoners. another deduction of
fifteen days, in addition
Allowance for Good Conduct to numbers one to four
The good conduct of any hereof, for each month
offender qualified for credit of study, teaching or
preventive imprisonment pursuant to mentoring service time
Article 29 of this Code, or of any rendered.
convicted prisoner in any penal Good conduct time allowance
institution, rehabilitation or may also be granted to a detainee to
detention center or any other local be deducted from his sentence if
jail entitle him for the following convicted provided that he
deductions from the period of his voluntarily offers to perform labor as
sentence; maybe assigned to him during his
 During the first two detention period. Such voluntary
years of imprisonment offer must be in writing. An inmate
he shall be allowed a whose sentence is life imprisonment
deduction of twenty but is on appeal is not entitled to
days for each month of GCTA.
good behavior during In addition to GCTA, a
detention. prisoner may also be entitled to
 During the third to the another five days per month
fifth year, inclusive, of deduction from the sentence he has
his imprisonment, he to serve when he has been classified
shall be allowed a as a trusty or penal colonist. This
reduction of twenty- provided by Act No. 2489, otherwise
three days for each known as the Industrial Good Time
month of good behavior Law. Life imprisonment is also upon
during detention. being classified as a trusty or penal
 During the following colonist.
years until the tenth
year, inclusive of his

7 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

Special Time Allowance for
Loyalty (STAL) Grounds for Disqualification for
Under section 4 of Republic GCTA under existing laws;
Act No. 10592, a deduction of one- In inmate is a (a) Recidivists;
fifth of the period of his sentence (b) Have been convicted previously
shall be granted to any prisoner twice or more times at any crimes
who, having evaded his preventive and; (c) Has been summoned for the
imprisonment of the service of his execution of their sentence they
sentence under the circumstances have failed to surrender voluntarily.
mentioned in Article 158 of this
Code, gives himself up to the Prisoners’ Rights, Discipline and
authorities within 48 hours following Punishment
the issuance of a proclamation The rules regarding conduct
announcing the passing away of the must be clearly defined and
calamity or catastrophe referred to explained to PDLs, and each prisoner
in said article. A deduction of two-
must be provided with a written list
fifths of the period of his sentence
shall be granted in case said prisoner of the rules when entering a
chose to pay stay in the place of his correctional facility. All disciplinary
confinement notwithstanding the rules must relate to the needs of
existence of a calamity or security, good order, and good
catastrophe enumerated in Article housekeeping. And if a prisoner is
158 of this Code. accused of breaking the rules,
This Article shall apply to any
he/she does not have all the rights
prisoner whether undergoing
preventive imprisonment or serving of an accused at trial. Prison officials
sentence. Under section 5, Republic may punish prisoners by
Act No. 10592, whenever lawfully withdrawing certain privileges, such
justified, the Director of the Bureau as seeing visitors, buying items from
of Corrections, the Chief of Bureau of the commissary, or earning wages
Jail Management and Penology but prisoners cannot be denied
and/or Warden of a provincial,
fundamental human necessities.
district, municipal or city jail shall
grant allowances for good conduct. The common type of
Such allowances once granted shall punishment used in prison for rule-
not be revoked. breaking is segregation from the
general inmate population. Each
Allowance for Teaching, Study, prison has its system and titles for
and Mentoring
different degrees of segregation, but
At any time when inmates
engage in BJPM-recognized study, it cannot be used, however, to
teaching or mentoring, there would separate prisoners according to race.
be an additional 15 days reduction It is the role of the
from their preventive imprisonment Commission on Human Rights (CHR)
or service of sentence for each to see that all these rules and
month of actual deprivation of procedures for treatment of
liberty.

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prisoners followed by jail officials (b) Untried prisoners shall be
and the standards for confinement kept separate from convicted
and rehabilitation are followed by jail prisoners;
(c) Persons imprisoned from
administrators. It is mandated in
debt and other civil prisoners
Article XVIII of the Philippine shall be kept separate from
Constitution, that CHR shall exercise persons imprisoned by reason
visitorial powers over jails, prisons, of a criminal offense.
or detention facilities and shall be (d) Young Prisoners shall be
the external advisor and prescriber kept separate from adults
of human rights and protection (Standard Minimum Rules for
the Treatment of Prisoners).
standards.
Classification of Sentenced
General Category of Inmates Prisoners
The purpose of classification of There four classes of sentenced
prisoners shall be; prisoner.
1. To separate prisoners who by 1. Insular or National
reason of their criminal record Prisoner – they are the
or bad character are likely to prisoners sentenced to a
exercise a bad influence on prison term of three years and
other prisoners. one to day to death.
2. To separate prisoners who by 2. Provincial Prisoner – a
gravity of their offenses have prisoner sentenced to a prison
been sentenced to longer term of six months and one
period of imprisonment and day to three years.
therefore require more 3. City Prisoner – a prisoner
secured prison facilities. sentenced to a prison term of
3. To divide the prisoners into one day to three years.
classes in order to facilitate 4. Municipal Prisoner – a
their rehabilitative treatment. prisoner sentenced to a prison
term of one day to six
Separation Category months.
The different categories of
prisoners shall be kept in separate Other Alternatives to
institutions or parts of institutions Imprisonment
taking account of their sex, age, Major issues related to
criminal record, the legal reason for institutional corrections currently
their detention and necessities of
beset many countries in the Asia
their treatment. Thus,
(a) Men and women shall so Pacific region today. Foremost of
far as possible be detained in these is overcrowding of facilities.
separate institutions; in an Prison overcrowding involves not
institution which receives both just a lack of space and facilities to
men and women the whole accommodate prisoners. It also
premises allocated to women involves a host of other problems
shall be entirely separate;
related to prison administration.

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 To alleviate the problem of 3. Probation. Under this
overcrowding, alternatives to measure the offenders will be
imprisonment may be considered as released but they have to
follow the conditions fixed by
a last resort for first-time offenders
the court and must be under
and must only for habitual or the supervision of the officers
professional criminals. for not less than one year and
not more than three years.
4. Suspension of sentence of
1. Absolute and Conditional imprisonment. This means
Discharge. Discharges are suspending or putting prison
given for the least serious time on hold provided the
offenses such as very minor defendant complies with
thefts. It could be an absolute certain other obligations for
discharge, which means no example, completion of a drug
punishment will be imposed treatment program.
because the experience of 5. Committal to the care of a
going to court is enough. fit person. In case the
However, criminal still gets offender is less than 17 years,
criminal record. the court may commit him to
2. Fines. Fines are common the care of a person (could be
punishment for a variety of relative, a school, or
crimes, especially less serious orphanage) who is deem fit
offenses committed by first- until he turns 18 years old.
time offenders. In more 6. Residential Community
serious offenses or where the Corrections. These include
defendant has a criminal halfway houses, pre-release
record, many judges combine centers, community works
a fine with other punishments, treatment centers and
such as incarceration, restitution centers.
community service, and
probation.

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Experiential Learning
Activity 1: Knowledge Assessment.
Direction: Read the following statements and choose the correct
option. Write the letter only.
1. Which Executive Department does not supervise and control the
numerous correctional institutions nationwide?
a. DOJ
b. DND
c. DSWD
d. DILG
2. The Head of the Bureau of Corrections is known as the ______ of the
Bureau of Corrections.
a. Chief
b. Director
c. Superintendent
d. Secretary
3. What are the types of jails that are not run and managed under the
DILG?
a. City Jails
b. District Jails
c. Provincial Jails
d. None of the above
4. Provincial jails were first established during the American regime. At
present, who acts as head of these jails?
a. Warden
b. Director
c. Provincial Governor
d. Provincial Director
5. The designation for the key position as Chief, BJMP needs a rank of at
least ______.
a. Director General
b. Director
c. Chief Superintendent

11 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

 d. Senior Superintendent
6. The head of a District Jail who is responsible in its direction,
supervision and control is referred to as _____.
a. District Superintendent
b. Municipal Jail Warden
c. City Jail Warden
d. None of these
7. The oldest penal colony in the Philippines can be one of the choices
below whereas, the youngest is ______.
a. Leyte Regional Prison
b. San Ramon Penal Colony
c. Iwahig Penal Colony
d. New Bilibid Prison
8. Which among the following is not under the umbrella of DILG?
a. District Jails
b. Provincial Jails
c. City Jails
d. None of these
9. The Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm, a national penitentiary in the
Philippines is under the Bureau of Corrections is located in _____.
a. Occidental Mindoro
b. Palawan
c. Davao
d. Zamboanga
10. What is the legal basis of changing the Bureau of Prisons to
Bureau of Corrections?
a. R.A. 9263
b. E.O. 292
c. Proclamation no. 945
d. B and C
11. Which among the following is NOT a major source of guidelines
or sanctions in all the aspects of operation and administration of jails
or prisons in the Philippines?
a. BJMP and BUCOR manuals
b. UN Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
c. Revised Penal Code
d. The PNP Manual
12. Which among the following is considered as prison without
walls?
a. New Bilibid
b. San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
c. Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm
d. Leyte Regional Prison
13. Carcel means _____ prison while presidio means _____ prison.
a. Female, male
b. Short period, long period
c. Minor, adult

12 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

 d. Jail, prison
14. What is known as an Act Strengthening the Bureau of
Corrections (BuCor) and Providing Funds Therefor?
a. R.A. 9263
b. R.A. 10575
c. R.A. 6975
d. R.A. 7659
15. In 1936, the City of Manila exchanges its Muntilupa property
with the Bureau of Prisons originally intended as a site for boys’
training school. What is the Spanish name of Old Bilibid Prison which is
now being used as the Manila City Jail?
a. May Halique Estate
b. Carcel y Presidio Correccional
c. Tandang Sora State
d. Oroquieta Street Penitentiary
16. It is considered as the youngest penal farm under Bureau of
Corrections.
a. Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm
b. Correctional Institute for Women
c. Leyte Regional Prison
d. Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm
17. Davao Prison and Penal Farm has partnerships with the Tagum
Agricultural Development Co. (Tadeco) where there are more or less
800 prisoners working for the latter’s _____.
a. Fishery
b. Lumber production
c. Rice plantation and production
d. Banana plantation
18. The law creating the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology.
a. R. A. 8551
b. R. A. 9165
c. R. A. 6975
d. R. A. 4890
19. A penal facility known as the second oldest penitentiary in the
country.
a. New Bilibid
b. Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm
c. San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
d. Leyte Regional Prison
20. What agency of the government is mandated by law to develop,
administer and implement comprehensive social welfare programs
designed to uplift the living conditions and empower the disadvantaged
children, youth, women, older persons?
a. DOJ c. DILG
b. DSWD d. A and B

13 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections

Activity 2: Interpretive Theory
Modified TRUE or FALSE: Read the statement below and identify if it is
True or False. Write the word TRUE if the underlined word is correct and
write the correct answer of the underlined word if it is FALSE.
1. Nympha, a woman, was convicted of a crime punishable by not more
than two years. Since she is a woman, she will be imprisoned under
the jurisdiction of CIW.
2. Juan was held for investigation; therefore he must be detained in a
Lock – up.
3. A person awaiting or undergoing trial is not a classification of BJMP
detainees?
4. The Bureau of Correction which is under the Department of Justice is
headed by a Chief Superintendent.
5. All original appointments of officers in the BuCor shall commence with
the rank of Jail Inspector.
6. Control model puts emphasis on security and housekeeping activities
are viewed as key to rehabilitation efforts.
7. San Ramon Prison was established in southern Davao del Norte on
August 21, 1870 through a royal decree promulgated in 1869.
8. Provincial Jails was first established in 1910 under American regime.
9. Jail is the place of confinement for persons awaiting trial or court
action.
10. In the New Bilibid Prison, all medium security prisoners are
confined at Camp Bukang Liwayway.

14 M. De La Cruz ‖ Institutional Corrections