Personal Development

Personal Development
Self-concept
• Your awareness of yourself
• The construct that negotiates these two selves.
• It connotes first the identification of the ideal self as separate from others, and second, it
encompasses all the behaviors evaluated in the actual self that you engage in to reach the ideal
self.
2 categories of self-concept
Ideal self
• Self that you aspire to be.
• It is the one that you hope will possess characteristics similar to that of a mentor or
some other worldly figure
Actual self
• The one that you actually see
• The self that has characteristics that you were nurtured or born to have.
The actual self is built on self-knowledge

Self-knowledge – derived from social interactions that provide insight into how others react to
you. The actual self is who we are.
Personal effectiveness
• Making use of all the personal resources to enable you to achieve your life goals.
• Depends on our innate characteristics – talent and experience accumulated in the
process of personal development.
• Talents first are needed to be identified and then developed to be used in a particular
subject area.
Knowledge – required for setting goals, defining an action plan to achieve them and risk
assessment.
Skills that greatly increase the efficiency of any person who owns them
1. Determination – allows you to focus only on achieving a specific goal without being
distracted by less important things or spontaneous desires.
2. Self-confidence – it appears in the process of personal development, as a result of
getting aware of yourself, your actions and their consequences.
3. Persistence – it makes you keep moving forward regardless of emerging obstacles.
4. Managing Stress – helps combat stress that arises in daily life from the environment
and other people.
5. Problem-solving skills – they help cope with the problems encountered with a lack of
experience.
6. Creativity – it allows you to find extraordinary ways to carry out a specific action that
no one has tried to use
7. Generating ideas - it helps you achieve goals using new, original, unconventional
ideas.
Development Stages
Human development - focuses on human growth and changes across the lifespan, including
physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual, personality, and emotional growth.
1. Pre-natal (Conception to birth)

-Age when hereditary endowments and sex are fixed and all body features, both external and
internal are developed.
2. Infancy (Birth to 2 years)
-Foundation age when basic behavior are organized and many ontogenetic maturation skills are
developed.
3. Early Childhood (2 to 6 years)
-Pre-gang age, exploratory, and questioning. Language and Elementary reasoning are acquired
and initial socialization is experienced.
4. Late Childhood (6 to 12 years)
-Gang and creativity age when self-help skills, social skills, school skills, and play are
developed.
5. Adolescence (puberty to 18 years)
-Transition age from childhood to adulthood when sex maturation and rapid physical
development occur resulting to changes in ways of feeling, thinking and acting.
6. Early Adulthood (18 to 40 years)
-Age of adjustment to new patterns of life and roles such as spouse, parent and breadwinner.
7. Middle Age (40 years to retirement)
-Transition age when adjustments to initial physical and mental decline are experienced.
8. Old Age (Retirement to death)
-Retirement age when increasingly rapid physical and mental decline are experienced.
Havighurst's developmental tasks during the life span
Robert J. Havighurst - elaborated on the developmental task theory in the most systematic
manner. His main assertion is that development is continuous throughout the entire lifespan. He
proposed a bio psychosocial model of development.
Living Mindfully
• It is like being an artist: you need the right tools to practice your craft, and you need to
constantly refine your technique to achieve your creative potential.
Tool 1: Breath mindfully
Tool 2: Listen deeply Tool 3: Cultivate Insight
Tool 4: Practice Compassion
Tool 5: Limit Reactivity
Tool 6: Express Gratitude
Tool 7: Nurture Mutual Respect
Tool 8: Build integrity
Tool 9: Foster Leadership
Tool 10: Be peace
Stress
• Your body's way of responding to any kind of pressure or demand.
• Not all stress is bad. It depends on the situation and how it is handled.
Eustress – good stress. It arises from the demand of pleasant or fun activities. (Vacation,
weddings, promotions, running, etc.)
Distress – bad stress. It is a stress we experience in regard to "negative" demands to which we
must adapt. It Is when we experience stress for too much of the time. (Cramming for finals, too
heavy of a workload, troubled relationship, etc.)
Causes of negative stress or distress

Environmental – noise, air pollution
Physical – illness, injury
Social – over-crowding or population
Interpersonal – behavior of others
Personal – thoughts, feelings, emotions
Stressors can be: Obvious
Hidden
Response to high levels of stress

Increased cortisol levels:
• Interfere with learning and memory
• Lower immune function
• Increase weight gain
• Higher blood pressure
• Higher cholesterol
• Heart disease and/or stroke
Coping with stress

Negative methods – using these methods to cope only adds more stress to the body. (alcohol,
smoking, using drugs, overeating and caffeine)
Positive methods – exercise, meditation, yoga, positive attitudes, time management, taking
breaks.
Self-Care
• The practice of taking action to preserve or improve one's own health
• It is a routine, a life-style
Good self-care
• Regular sleep
• Exercise
• Relaxation
• Eating well
Too stressed to de-stress?

Prioritizing self-care
• Set a goal
• Make a plan
• Write it down
• Get support
• Reward actions, not results
• Turn bad days into good days
Progressive muscle relaxation – it is about being completely aware of what's happening in the
present-of all that's going on inside and all that's happening around you.
• Short progressive muscle relaxation
• Extended progressive muscle relaxation
Breath2relax – instructions and exercises in diaphragmatic breathing

Happify – it shows types of activity that can help you combat negativity, anxiety, and stress
Personal Zen – developed with a professor of psychology and neurosciences. It is finding
methods for reducing anxiety levels.

Personal Development

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Personal Development

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Personal Development

The actual self is built on self-knowledge

1. Pre-natal (Conception to birth)

Havighurst's developmental tasks during the life span

Causes of negative stress or distress

Response to high levels of stress

Coping with stress

Too stressed to de-stress?

Breath2relax – instructions and exercises in diaphragmatic breathing

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