Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 19 views

    Cripps Mission .Docx Google Docs 0e32818c

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Imran
    The Cripps Mission of 1942 was an attempt by the British to gain Indian cooperation in WWII by offering self-government after the war. It failed to satisfy either the Indian National Congress, who wanted full independence, or the Muslim League. This led to further unrest and contributed to India's independence in 1947.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cripps Mission .Docx Google Docs 0e32818c

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Imran
    19 views5 pages
    The Cripps Mission of 1942 was an attempt by the British to gain Indian cooperation in WWII by offering self-government after the war. It failed to satisfy either the Indian National Congress, who wanted full independence, or the Muslim League. This led to further unrest and contributed to India's independence in 1947.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The Cripps Mission of 1942 was an attempt by the British to gain Indian cooperation in WWII by offering self-government after the war. It failed to satisfy either the Indian National Congress, who wanted full independence, or the Muslim League. This led to further unrest and contributed to India's independence in 1947.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views5 pages

    Cripps Mission .Docx Google Docs 0e32818c

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Imran
    The Cripps Mission of 1942 was an attempt by the British to gain Indian cooperation in WWII by offering self-government after the war. It failed to satisfy either the Indian National Congress, who wanted full independence, or the Muslim League. This led to further unrest and contributed to India's independence in 1947.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Modern History Notes

    Cripps Mission for UPSC Exams

    The Cripps Mission of 1942 was an attempt made by the British Government to
    obtain complete Indian cooperation and backing for their efforts in World War II.
    Sir Stafford Cripps, a left wing laborite, served as the mission's leader.

    Cripps' visit to India was planned solely for the purpose of negotiations with the
    Muslim League and nationalist Congress leaders. In return for the promise of
    elections and full self-government (Dominion status) after the war, Cripps
    attempted to keep India devoted to the British war effort.

    Modern History is an essential part of the prelims and mains exams of the UPSC
    IAS Exam. Read the complete NCERT Notes that will make your preparations
    easy.

    Cripps Mission Background

    ● The Japanese army moved quickly throughout the nations of North-East


    Asia. Their invasion was moving steadily in the direction of India and
    Burma.
    ● Indian cooperation was essential to the British war effort since the
    Japanese invasion of India was a real threat. In February 1942, when
    Singapore was overthrown, India's security was in jeopardy. March 7 saw
    the fall of Rangoon.
    ● When the Second World War started in 1939, Viceroy Lord Linlithgow
    declared India to be a party to the conflict as part of the British Empire.
    ● Massive protests sprang out because it was carried out without any
    consultations, especially from the Congress, one of the main parties in
    India at the time. The party leaders decided to quit their posts with the
    Muslim league celebrating the day as Deliverance Day.
    ● Britain was under pressure from the US and other allied leaders owing to
    its own colonial policies in India, as well as to gain Indian participation in
    the Allied war effort. Thus, the anticipated Japanese threat made the British
    realize the need to seek the cooperation of the Indians.

    Who were the Members of the Cripps Mission?

    Stafford Cripps was in charge of the mission. Along with him was Lord Privy Seal
    and other State Council members, including the Leader of the House of
    Commons.

    The Motive of the Cripps Mission

    The Cripps mission's primary goals were to win Indian cooperation and gain
    backing for the British War (Second World War).

    ● First of all, Japan had recently joined the conflict, and the Allies had been
    concerned by its early success. Completely overrun were the Philippines,
    Indonesia, Indo-China, and Malaysia. Singapore had already fallen and
    Burma was about to fall apart completely. India was vulnerable to a
    Japanese attack as well. The constitutional dispute that complicated the
    war effort was something the British administration intended to resolve.
    ● Second, during their tour to India in February 1942, George Marshall and
    Madame Chiang Kai Shek realized the value of India in the fight against
    Japan in the Eastern zone. They also believed that only an India that was
    willing could accomplish that efficiently. They therefore urged the British
    government to accept India's official proposal.
    ● Thirdly, there was a rising sentiment, especially among British Allies, that
    India's proposals should be acknowledged by Britain in order for it to
    successfully participate in the war effort.

    Major Proposals of the Cripps Mission

    ● An Indian union with dominion status would be established.

    Page - 2
    ● That Indian union would be free to decide on relations with Commonwealth
    and international bodies like the United Nations.
    ● The defense sector of India was to operate under British control.
    ● The governor general’s powers were kept intact.
    ● To frame a new constitution, a constituent assembly was constituted and it
    was to be partly elected by the provincial assemblies and partly nominated
    by the Princes.
    ● Cripps mission proposed that a new constitution would be accepted by the
    British on two conditions:
    1. The Province not willing to join the union can form a separate union
    and frame a separate constitution.
    2. A treaty would be negotiated between the British government and the
    new constituent assembly to effect the transfer of power.

    If you are reading the Cripps Mission article, also read about NCERT Notes on
    Doctrine of Lapse here

    Importance of the Cripps Mission

    The significance of the Cripps mission was:

    ● A solid plan was made for framing the constituent assembly.


    ● The provinces were free to form separate unions and constitutions.
    ● For the first time, sole responsibility for framing the constitution was given
    to Indian hands.
    ● The Indian Union was free to either maintain the relationship or withdraw
    from the Commonwealth.
    ● In the administration during the interim period, a large number of Indians
    were given positions.

    Why did Congress reject the Cripps Mission?

    The Cripps Mission was rejected for the following reasons by the Indian National
    Congress:

    1. Offer of dominion status. Instead, they demanded complete independence.


    Page - 3
    2. Princely states are represented by the nominees and not by the elected
    representatives.
    3. Right of the provinces to form their own union.
    4. Absence of an immediate plan for the transfer of power.
    5. Absence of real share in defence.

    Why did Muslim League reject the Cripps Mission?

    The Cripps Mission was rejected for the following reasons by the Muslim League:

    1. The idea of a united India.


    2. Disliked the procedure set forth for the creation of the constituent assembly.

    Reasons for Failure of Cripps Mission

    The Cripps Mission failed due to the following reasons:

    1. Gandhi referred to the Cripps Mission recommendations as a "post-dated


    cheque" because they didn't appease Indian nationalists and ultimately
    proved to be nothing more than a marketing tactic for the US and China.
    2. The INC, which wanted full independence, thought the measures were too
    conservative, while the British thought they were too radical.
    3. The Mission was condemned by the Muslim League, the INC, and other
    Indian groups.
    4. The right of the states to secede was contested by both the Liberals and
    the Hindu Mahasabha.
    5. The Depressed Classes objected, since they were worried about their
    status in a nation in which they would be a minority.
    6. Viceroy Linlithgow, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Secretary
    of State for India Leo Amery are also said to have been unsupportive of the
    mission, which is another reason it is believed to have failed.
    7. The British motives were questioned by the justification that the measures
    were meant to complement the August Offer instead of replacing it.
    8. The standoff was made worse by Cripps' refusal to stray from the Draft
    Declaration and his rigid "take it or leave it" attitude.
    Page - 4
    Long-Term Impact of the Cripps Mission

    ● In the long run, the failure of the Cripps Mission led to the Quit India
    Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi which ultimately led to India's
    Independence in 1947.

    Check the NCERT Notes on Cabinet Mission 1946 here.

    Testbook is an e-learning platform for competitive exam preparations. Be it


    UPSC, banking, insurance, SSC, RRB or any state PSCs, Testbook is a one-stop
    shop. You can intensify your preparation by reading the NCERT notes or taking
    the live tests, mocks, quizzes, live coaching and much more. Download the
    Testbook App now!

    Page - 5

    You might also like