SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY

TOPIC 6: REDOX

SYLLABUS DETAILS:
SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
TOPIC 6: REDOX
SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
TOPIC 6: REDOX

JUNE 2018 #2C

2I-(aq) + Cl2(g)→2Cl-(aq) + I2(s)

KI(aq) is colourless. Cl2(g) is yellow/green.

After the reaction: KCl(aq) is colourless but the I2(s) is black.

SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
TOPIC 6: REDOX

JUNE 2016 #2

(a) Distinguish between an ‘oxidizing agent’ and a ‘reducing agent’ in terms of

electron gainor loss.

An oxidizing agent causes a substance to lose

..............................................................................................................................................
electrons and itself gains electrons (reduced).
A reducing agent causes the substance to gain
..............................................................................................................................................
electrons and itself lose electrons (oxidized).
..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

(b) Jaden carried out some tests and recorded the observations in Table 3 below.
Use theinformation in the table to answer the questions that follow.

TABLE 3: OBSERVATIONS

Test Observation
1 An aqueous solution of C was Potassium manganate(VII)
added to acidified potassium solution changed from purple to
manganate(VII). pale pink.
2 An aqueous solution of C was Potassium iodide solution changed
added to a solution of potassium from colourless to brown.
iodide.
3 A strip of iron was placed into an Blue solution faded and brown
aqueous solution of copper(II) deposits settled.
sulfate.
4 A strip of silver was placed into Solution remained blue.
an aqueous solution of copper(II)
sulfate.

(i) State an oxidizing agent that is NOT mentioned in Table 3.

Acidified potassium dichromate (VI)/ acidified potassium manganate (VII)
.................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

(ii) Identify whether Solution C is acting as an oxidizing or reducing

agent in Test 1 and Test 2.

Test 1:
Test 1: C is a reducing agent. N.B. manganate is an oxidizing agent.
.........................................................................................................................
SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
TOPIC 6: REDOX

Test 2:
Test 2: C is an oxidising agent. N.B. KI is a reducing agent.
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

(iii) With reference to oxidation states, explain EACH of your answers in (b) (ii).
Test 1: the colour
Test 1:
change is from purple owing to the presence of
the manganate (VII) ion (MnO4-) to colourless owing to the
the manganese (II) ion (Mn2+). The manganate (VII)
formation of..........................................................................................................................
ion gains electrons from the reducing agent.
..........................................................................................................................
Test 2: the colour change is from colourless owing to the presence
of the iodide ion (I-) to brown owing to the formation of Iodine in
Test 2:
solution.
..........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

(iv)Write an ionic equation (with state symbols) for the reaction which took
place inTest 3.

.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

(v) With reference to the electrochemical series, explain the difference in

observations between Tests 3 and 4.

.................................................................................................................................
In the electrochemical series the element higher in the series will
displace.................................................................................................................................
the element lower. In test 3, iron is higher than copper in the
electrochemical series, therefore iron will displace the copper in the
solution..................................................................................................................................
In test 4, no reaction took place because silver is lower than
copper in the electrochemical series and therefore cannot displace the
.................................................................................................................................
copper from the solution.

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)

Total 15 marks
SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
TOPIC 6: REDOX

JANUARY 2016 #2

To remove stains, sanitation (kill bacteria)

OXIDISING AGENT IS REDUCED; GAIN OF ELECTRONS AND REDUCTION IN OXIDATION #

Oxidizing agent causes oxidation by causing an atom to lose
electrons while the oxidizing agent gain the electrons.

Oxidation is the loss of an electron from an ion, atom or

molecule to another ion, atom or molecule. (Increase in
oxidation state.)

+
 SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
TOPIC 6: REDOX

0 ⎯⎯
→ -1

Cl2 ⎯⎯
→ Cl- Reduction because it gained an electron to become -1. Reduction in ox. #

It will turn damp blue litmus paper red then bleaches

it white. Chlorine makes damp starch iodide paper
turn blue-black.

The oxidation number of Oxygen in H2O2 is -1.

The oxidation number of oxygen in H2O is -2. Oxygen is going from -1 to -2.
∴oxygen gains an electron and reduction is taking place. (Red. in ox. #)
N.B. oxygen’s oxidation numbers are -1 in hydrogen peroxide, -2
in water and 0 in 02 (oxygen) and hydrogen stays the same at +1.