12 Physics

Guess Paper Annual 2024 CLASS 12th Mustafai school kala Shadian
th
PHYSICS 12
(OBJECTIVE PART)
1. If the medium between the charges is not free space then electrostatic force will be:
(a) Increase (b) Decrease (c) Remain same (d) None of these
2. The number of electrons in one coulomb charge is equal to:
(a) 1.6×10-19 (b) 6.25×10-19 (c) 6.25×1018 (d) 6.25×1019
3. Relative permittivity (€r) for air is:
(a) 1.06 (b) 1.006 (c) 1.0006 (d) 1.6
4. Numerical value of permittivity of free space is:
(a) 9×109 Nm2C-2 (b) 8.85×10-12 Nm2C-2
(c) 8.85×10-12N-1m-2C2 (d) 9×109N-1m-2C2
5. The electrostatic force between two charges is 42 N. If we place a dielectric of Er =2.1 between
the charges then the force become equal to:
(a) 42 N (b) 88.2 N (c) 20 N (d) 2N
6. The force between two similar unit charges placed one meter apart in air is:
(a) Zero (b) one N (c) 9×109 N (d) 9×10-9 N
7. If the distance between the two charged bodies is halved, the force between them becomes:
(a) Double (b) Half (c) four times (d) one fourth
8. The force between two charges is 28 N. If paraffin wax of relative permittivity 2.8 is introduced
between the charges as medium, then the force reduces to:
(a) 25 N (b) 20 N (c) 15 N (d) 10 N
9. Two oppositely charged balls A and B attract the third ball C, when place near them turn by
turn.
(a) Positively charged (b) Negatively charged
(c) Electrically neutral (d) Positively and negatively charged
10. The study of electric charges at rest under the action of electric forces is known as:
(a) Electromagnetism (b) Electrostatics
(c) Magnetic Induction (d)Electric field
11. The unit of electric intensity other than NC-1 is:
(a) VA-1 (b) Vm-1 (c) VC-1 (d) NC
12. If the distance between two points charges ‘is halved, the electric intensity becomes.
(a) Half (b) 1/4 times (c) double (d) 4 time
13. S.I unit of strength of electric field is:
(a) J/C (b) C/V (c) N/C (d) J/N
14. What is the force on a proton placed between two parallel plates containing equal positive
charges?
(a) Zero (b) 2.6×10-19 N (c) 9×10-19 N (d) 5×10-19 N
15. Concept of an electric field lines is introduced by:
Mustafai school kala Shadian,Contact # 03445995005 , Whatsapp # 03445995005 pg. 1
(a) Coulomb (b) Faraday (c) Einstein (d) Joseph Henry
16. The electric fields created by positive charge is:
(a) Radically inward (b) Zero (c) Circular (d) Radically outward
17. The direction of fields lines around an isolated negative charge ‘-q’ is:
(a) Radically inward (b) Radically out ward (c) Elliptical (d) circular
18. A charge on 4 coulomb is in the field of intensity 4N/C. The force on the charge is:
(a) 8N (b) 16N (c) 4N (d) 1N
19. The force on an electron in a field of 1×108 NC-1 will be:
(a) 1.6×10-8 N (b) 1.6×10-11N (c) 1.6×10-19 N (d) 1.6×10-27 N3
20. Photo copier and inkjet printer are the application of:
(a) Magnetism (b) Electricity
(c) Electro-magnetism (d) Electrostatics
21. Identity the practical application of electrostatics force:
(a) Inkjet printer (b) Z-rays
(c) laser (d) Z.C generator
22. The heart of a photo copy machine is a drum which is made of:
(a) Copper (b) Aluminium (c) Nickel (d) Cobalt
23. The drum in photo copier is coated with layer of:
(a) Aluminium (b) Copper (c) Selenium (d) Silver
24. Which one is photo conductor?
(a) Copper (b) Selenium (c) Mercury (d) Aluminium
25. SI unit of electric flux is:
(a) NmC-1(b) Nm-1C-1 (c) Nm2C-1 (d) Nm3C-2
26. A changing electric flux creates:
(a) Electric fields (b) Gravitational
(c) Magnetic field (d) Electric charge
27. Which one of the following can be taken as measure of electric field intensity?
𝐹 𝜙𝑐 𝜙 𝜙𝜀𝑜
(a) (b) (c) (d)
𝐴 𝐴 𝐴 𝐴
28. Equation 𝝓 = 𝑬 ̅. 𝑨
̅ is applicable to surface.
(a) Spherical (b) Cylindrical (c) Conical (d) Flat
29. For computation of electric flux, the surface area should be:
(a) Parallel (b) Flat (c) Curved (d) Spherical
30. The electric flux through closed surface depends upon:
(a) Charge (b) Medium (c) Geometry (d) Charge and Medium
31. Total flux through a closed surface depends on:
(a) Shape of surface (b) Charge enclosed only
(c) Medium only (d) Charge and Medium
32. Gauss’s Law can only be applied to:
(a) A curved surface (b) A flat surface
(c) A surface of any shape (d) A closed surface
𝟏
33. The statement 𝚽𝐞 = 𝜺 𝑸 was given by:
𝒐
(a) Faraday (b) Deserted (c) Gauss (d) Coulomb
34. The electric field intensity due to an infinite sheet of charge:
𝜎 2𝜎 1 𝜎
(a) 𝐸̅ . 2 𝑟̂ (b) 𝐸̅ . 2 𝑟̂ (c) 𝐸̅ . 2 𝑟̂ (d) 𝐸̅ . 𝜀 𝑟̂
𝜀𝑜 𝜀𝑜 𝜀𝑜 𝑜
35. An ECG records the ________ between points on human skin generated by electric process in
the heart:
(a) Heart beat (b) pulse rate (c) pressure (d) voltage
36. Special organ called ampullae of lorenzini that are very sensitive to electric field are found in:
(a) Bats (b) Cats (c) Dogs (d) Sharks

37. If charged body is moved against the electric field, it will gain: (2 Time)
(a) Elastic Potential Energy (b) Kinetic Energy
(c) Gravitational Energy (d) Electrical Potential Energy
38. The absolute electric potential at a point distant 20cm from a charge of 2uC is:
(a) 9 × 102 𝑉 (b) 9 × 103 𝑉 (c) 9 × 104 𝑉 (d) 9 × 105 𝑉
39. A charge of 10-10C between two parallel plates 1 can apart experience a force of 10-5 N:
(a) 10V (b) 102V (c) 103V (d) 104V
40. Electron volt is the unit of:
(a) Potential (b) Potential difference
(c) Electric current (d) Electric energy
41. One electron volt is equal to: (1 Time
(a) 1.6 × 10−19 𝑗𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒 (b) 1.6 × 10−19 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑏
(c) 1.6 × 1012 𝑁 (d) 1.6 × 1018 𝑗𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒
42. Charge on electron is:
(a) 1.6 × 10−19 𝐶 (b) 1.6 × 1019 𝐶
(c) 1.6 × 10−17 𝐶 (d) 1.6 × 1017 𝐶
43. If electric and magnetic forces on an electron balance each other, the electric intensity will be:
𝑚𝑔 𝑞 𝐹 1 𝑞
(a) 𝐸= 𝑞 (b) 𝐸 = 𝑚𝑔 (c) 𝐸 = 𝑞𝑐 (d) 𝐸 = 4𝜋𝜀 𝑟 2
𝑜
44. The charge on the oil droplet in Millikan’s oil drop experiment calculated by using formula.
𝑚𝑔 𝑉 𝑚𝑔𝑑 𝑉
(a) 𝑞= 𝑑 (b) 𝑞 = 𝑚𝑔𝑑 (c) 𝑞= 𝑉 (d) 𝑞 = 𝑚𝑔𝑉
45. A capacitor is perfect insulator for:
(a) Alternating current (b) Sparking current
(c) Eddy current (d) Direct current
46. Coulomb/ volt is called:
(a) Farad (b) Ampere (c) Joule (d) Henry
47. The net charge on a capacitor (each plate having magnitude of charge of charge q) is:
(a) Infinity (b) 2q (c) q/2 (d) Zero
48. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor in vacuum is: (1 Time)
𝜀𝑜 𝑑 𝜀𝑜 𝐴 𝐴 𝑑
(a) (b) (c) (d)
𝐴 𝑑 𝜀 𝑑
𝑜 𝜀 𝐴 𝑜
49. Presence of dielectric between the plates of a capacitor is doubled then its capacitance become:
(a) Reduces the electric force (b) Enhances electric force
(c) Does not affect electric force (d) Double electric force
50. A parallel plate capacitor with oil between the plate (𝜺𝒇 = 𝟐) has a capacitance C. If the oil is
removed then capacitance of capacitor becomes:
𝐶 𝐶
(a) C (b) (c) (d) √2𝐶
2 √2
51. Energy stored in the capacitor with the dielectric is:
1 𝜀0 𝐴 1
(a) 𝜀 𝜀 𝐸 2 𝐴𝑑 (b) 𝜀0 𝐸𝐴𝑑 (c) (d) 𝜀 𝜀 𝐸2
2 1 0 𝑑 2 1 0
52. The energy density in a capacitor is directly proportional to:
(a) 𝜀0 𝜀𝑟 (b) 𝐸 2
(c) 𝐶 2
(d) 𝑉2
53. The product of resistance and capacitance is:
(a) Velocity (b) Acceleration
(c) Time (d) Force
54. Drift velocity of electron is:
(a) 10-1 m/s (b) 10-2 m/s (c) 10-3 m/s (d) 10-4 m/s
55. A device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is called:
(a) D.C generator (b) D.C motor (c) A.C generator (d)
Transformer
56. Heat generated by a 50 watt bulb in one hour is:
(a) 36000 J (b) 48000 J (c) 18000 J (d) 180000 J
57. One ohm device the graph between V and I is:
(a) VC-1 (b) CV-1 (c) AC-1 (d) VA-1
58. The SI unit of temperature coefficient of resistivity is:
(a) ohm-m (b) k-1 (c) K (d) ohm
59. Good conductors have conductivities of the order of:
(a) 10−7 (𝛺𝑚)−1 (b) 107 (𝛺𝑚)−1 (c) 102 (𝛺𝑚)−1(d)10−7 (𝛺𝑚)−1
60. Which one has negative temperature co-efficient of resistance?
(a) Carbon (b) Iron (c) Tungsten (d) Gold
61. The resistance of a conductor of length L, cross sectional area ‘A’ and resistivity is given by:
𝜌 𝐿 𝐴
(a) 𝑅 = 𝐴𝐿 (b) 𝑅 = 𝜌𝐴𝐿 (c) 𝑅 = 𝜌𝐴 (d) 𝑅 = 𝜌𝐿
62. On increasing the length of wire specific resistance of the wire:
(a) Increases (b) Decreases
(c) Remains unchanged (d) First increase then decreases
63. If fourth band is missing on resistance, its tolerance is:
(a) ±5% (b) ±10% (c) ±15% (d) ±20%
64. Resistance tolerance of silver band is:
(a) 10% (b) 6% (c) 7% (d) 5%
Which one of the following bulbs has the least resistance?
(a) 100W (b) 200W (c) 500W (d) 1000W
65. The maximum power (pout) is delivered to a load resistance R, when the internal resistance
of the source is: (a) 𝑟 = ∞ (b) 𝑟 = 𝑅 (c) r=0 (d) r=R/4
66. Kirchhoff’s first rule is the manifestation of law of conservation of:
(a) Momentum (b) Charge (c) Energy (d) Mass
67. Kirchhoff’s voltage rule is a way of stating conservation of:
(a) Momentum (b) Charge (c) Energy (d) Mass
68. A current flowing towards the reader is denoted by:
(a) Positive sign (b) A bracket (c) A dot (d) Cross
69. The S.I. unit of 𝑬 ̅ is NC-1 and that of 𝑩
̅ is NA-1 m-1 than the unit of E/B is:
(a) ms -2 (b) ms (c) ms-1 (d) m-1s-1
70. Write the S.I unit of magnetic flux:
(a) Tesla (b) Weber (c) Weber m-2 (d) Tesla m-2
71. Two parallel wires carrying currents in the opposite direction:
(a) Repel each other (b) Attract each other (c) Have no effect upon each other (d)
They cancel out their individual magnetic field
72. The S.I unit of magnetic induction is:
(a) Weber (b) Tesla (c) Gauss (d) Newton
73. A 5 m wire carrying current 2 A at right angle to uniform magnetic field of 0.5T. the force on
the wire is: (1 Time)
(a) 1.5 N (b) 5N (c) 2.5 N (d) 4N
74. The SI unit of magnetic induction “B” Tesla is equal to: (7 Time)
(a) NA-1m-1 (b) Nam-1 (c) NA-1m (d) NA2m-1
75. The SI unit of magnetic permeability is: (2 Time)
(a) WbA m -1 -1 (b) Wbm -2 (c) WbmA -1 (d) WbAm-1
76. The value of permeability of free space in SI unit is: (2 Time)
(a) −9
4𝜋 × 10 𝑊𝑏𝐴 𝑚 −1 −1
(b) 4𝜋 × 10 𝑊𝑏𝐴−1 𝑚−1
−7
(c) 4𝜋 × 10−10 𝑊𝑏𝐴−1 𝑚−1 (d) 4𝜋 × 107 𝑊𝑏𝐴−1 𝑚−1

77. The SI unit of flux density is: (2 Time)
(a) NA m-1 2 (b) NA m-1 -1 (c) Nm -1 (d) NA-1m
78. The SI unit of magnetic induction. (2 Time)
(a) Weber (b) Gausses (c) Tesla (d) Nm
79. The field inside a solenoid is given by: (1 Time)
(a) 𝜇𝑜 𝑛𝑙 (b) 2
𝜇𝑜 𝑛 𝑙 (c) 𝜇𝑜 𝑛𝑙 2
(d) 𝜇𝑜 𝑁𝑙
80. If the number of turns become double but length remain same, then magnetic field in the
solenoid become: (1 Time)
(a) Half (b) Double (c) Remain same(d) Zero
81. Magnetic flux density at a point due to current carrying coil is determined by:
(2 Time)
(a) Ampere’s Law (b) Gauss’s Law
(c) Faraday’s Law (d) Lenz’s Law
𝝁 𝒍
82. The relation 𝑩 = 𝟐𝝅𝒓 𝒐
is called:
(a) Ampere’s Law (b) Faraday’s Law
(c) Lenz’s Law (d) Gauss’s Law
83. Force on a charged particle is zero when projected at angle with magnetic field.
(a) 0𝑜 (b) 90𝑜 (c) 180𝑜 (d) 270𝑜
84. The magnetic force on an electron travelling with 108ms-1 parallel to a field strength 1 Webm-
2 is:
(a) 105 𝑁 (b) 10−10 𝑁 (c) 1.6 × 10−11 𝑁(d) Zero
85. If a charge is at rest in a magnetic field then force on charge is: (1 Time)
(a) Zero (b) 𝑞(𝑣̅ × 𝐵̅ ) (c) 𝑞𝑣𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 (d) 𝑞𝑣𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
86. The magnetic force on an electron travelling with 106ms-1 parallel to a field strength 1 Webm-
2 is:
(a) 10-12N (b) Zero (c) 1.6 × 10−11 𝑁(d) 103N
87. The Lorentz force on a charged particle moving in electric field E and magnetic field B is given
by: (1 Time)
𝐹
(a) 𝐹 = 𝐹𝐸 + 𝐹𝐵 (b) 𝐹 = 𝐹𝐸 − 𝐹𝐵 (c) 𝐹 = 𝐹𝐵 (d)𝐹 = 𝐹𝐸 × 𝐹𝐵
𝐸
88. Lorentz force is given by:
(a) 𝑞(𝐸̅ − 𝑉̅ × 𝐵̅ ) (b) 𝑞(𝐸̅ + 𝑉̅ × 𝐵̅ )
(c) 𝑞[𝐸̅ × (−𝑉̅ × 𝐵̅ )] (d) 𝑞(𝑉̅ + 𝐸̅ × 𝐵̅ )
89. The sum of electric and magnetic force is called:
(a) Maxwell force (b) Lorentz force
(c) Newton’s force (d) Centripetal force
90. The value of e/m is smallest for:
(a) Proton (b) Electron (c) 𝛽-particle (d) Positron
̅
𝑬
91. The unit of 𝑬 ̅ is NC-1 and that of 𝑩
̅ NA-1m-1 then the unit of :
̅
𝑩
(a) ms-2 (b) m-1s-1 (c) ms (d) ms-1
92. Work done on a charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field is:
(1 Time)
(a) Maximum (b) Zero (c) Minimum (d) Negative
93. Brightness in cathode ray oscilloscope is controlled by:
(a) Grid (b) Filament (c) Anode(d) Cathode
94. The brightness of the spot on CRO screen is controlled by:
(a) Deflecting plates (b) Cathode (c) Grid (d) Anode
95. Cathode ray oscilloscope works by deflecting a beam of:
(a) Neutrons (b) Protons (c) Electrons (d) Positron
96. Output wave form of sweep or time base generator is:
(a) Saw tooth wave (b) Digital wave
(c) Sinusoidal wave (d) Square wave
97. Output waveform of built in voltage of the CRO is: (2 Time)
(a) Sinusoidal (b) Saw tooth (c) Rectangular(d) Square
98. Sensitivity of a galvanometer can be increased by:
(a) Decreasing the value of tensional couple
(b) Decreasing number of turns
(c) Decreasing area of plane of coil
(d) Decreasing magnetic field
99. The sensitivity of galvanometer is given by:
𝐶𝐴𝑁 𝐶 𝐵𝐴𝑁 𝐵𝑁
(a) (b) (c) (d)
𝐵 𝐵𝐴𝑁 𝐶 𝐶𝐴
100. In order to measure potential difference voltmeter is always connected in:
(a) Series (b) Parallel
(c) Both A and B (d) Neither in series nor in parallel
101. When ohm meter gives full scale deflection it indicates: (1 Time)
(a) Zero resistance (b) infinite resistance
(c) Small resistance (d) very high resistance
102. A battery is used in:
(a) Ohmmeter (b) Ammeter
(c) Galvanometer (d) Voltmeter
103. To convert a galvanometer into a volt meter a high resistance is connected:
(a) in series (b) in parallel
(c) in perpendicular (d) Along tangent
104. Which one of the following resistance is used to convert a Galvanometer into an Ammeter?
(a) High resistance (b) Low resistance in series with galvanometer
(c) Shunt (d) High resistance series with galvanometer
105. Shunt resistance is: (1 Time)
(a) Low resistance (b) High resistance
(c) Zero resistance (d) Impedance
106. Which one has the least resistance:
(a) Galvanometer (b) Ammeter (c) Voltmeter (d)Ohm meter
107. Useful device to measure resistance, current and voltage is an electronic instrument called:
(a) Voltmeter (b) Ammeter
(c) Ohmmeter (d) Digital Multi meter
(1 Time)
108. A 20.0 cm wire charging a current of 10.0A is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.30T. If
the wire makes Electromagnetic induction obeys law of conservation of:
(a) Charge (b) Energy (c) Momentum (d) Mass
109. When a conductor move across a magnetic field, an emf is set up is called:
(a) Variable (b) Constant emf (c) Back emf (d) Induced emf
𝑬𝟏
110. The relation of emfs of two cells 𝑬 is:
𝟐
𝐼2 𝐼1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
𝐼1 𝐼2 𝐼1 𝐼2 𝐼2
111. A metal rod of 1 m is moving at a speed of 1ms-1 in a direction making an angle 300 with 0.5
T magnetic field. The emf produced is:
(a) 0.25 N (b) 2.5 N (c) 0.25 V (d) 2.5 V
112. The motional emf depends upon the:
(a) Length of conductor (b) Speed of conductor
(c) Strength of magnetic (d) All of these
113. Emf is induced due to change in: (1 Time)
(a) Charge (b) Current (c) Magnetic flux (d) Electric
field
114. Len’s Law is in accordance with the law of conservation of: (8 Time)
(a) Momentum (b) Angular momentum(c) Energy (d) Charge
115. Lenz’s law deal with: (2 Time)
(a) Magnitude of emf (b) Direction emf
(c) Direction of induced current (d) Resistance
116. Lenz’s law deals with:
(a) Direction of emf (b) Magnitude of emf
(c) Direction of induced of current (d) Resistance (2 Time)
117. Mutual induction play role in: (6 Time)
(a) Generator (b) D.C motor
(c) Galvanometer (d) Transformer
118. The mutual inductance of the coils depend upon: (1 Time)
(a) Stiffness of the coils (b) Density of coils
(c) Material of coils (d) Geometry of the coils
119. SI unit of Henry which is: (8 Time)
(a) VsA -1 (b) Vs A
-1 (c) Vs A
-1 -1 (d) VsA
120. The self induction emf is sometimes called: (4 Time)
(a) Motional emf (b) Constant emf (c) Back emf (d)Variable emf
121. Unit of self induction is: (1 Time)
(a) Weber (b) Tesla (c) Henry (d) Farad
122. Henry is SI unit of: (2 Time)
(a) Current (b) Resistant
(c) Flux (d) Self induction
123. Self induction does not depend on: (1 Time)
(a) Number of turns of the coil (b) Area of cross-section of the core (c) Nature of
material of the core (d) Current through inductor
124. The energy stored in the inductor per unit volume is:
1 𝐵2 1𝐵 1𝐵 1𝐵
(a) (b) (c) 2 (d)
2 𝜇𝑜 2𝜇 2𝑢𝑜 2𝑢𝑜
125. The energy stored in inductor is: (4 Time)
1 1 1 2 1 2 2
(a) LI (b) LI (c) LI (d) LI
2 2 2 2
126. The self inductance of solenoid is: (2 Time)
(a) L=𝜇 o naL (b) L=𝜇 o N AI
2 (c) L=𝜇 on AL
2 (d) L=𝜇 o NAL
127. If 10 A current passes through 100 mH inductor, then energy stored is: (1 Time)
(a) 100 J (b) 5J (c) 20 J (d) zero
128. When current flowing through an inductor is doubled, then energy stored in it becomes:
(1 Time)
(a) Half (b) Four times (c) One forth (d) Double
129. Energy stored per unit volume in magnetic field is called: (1 Time)
(a) Energy density (b) Electric flux (c) Work (d) Power
130. A.C generator based upon the:
(a) Lenz’s Law (b) Maxwell’s relation
(c) Faradays Law of electromagnet induction
(d) Mutual induction
131. Which one is not present in A.C generator? (5 Time)
(a) Armature (b) Magnet
(c) Slip rings (d) Commutator
132. The emf produced by an alternating current generate is: (2 Time)
(a) N𝜔ABsin𝜃 (b) N𝜔ABcos𝜃
(c) N𝜔ABsin2𝜃 (d) N𝜔ABcos2𝜃
133. In A.C generator, when plane of coil is perpendicular to magnetic field, then output of
generator is:
(a) 𝑁𝜔𝐴𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 (b) 𝑁𝜔𝐴𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (c) Maximum (d) Zero
134. Commentator was invented by:
(a) Henry (b) Ousted (c)
Maxwell (d) William sturgeon
135. The only difference between the construction of D.C and A.C is: (1 Time)
(a) Carbon burshes (b) Coil (c)
Commutator (d) Magnetic field
136. The devices in the circuit that consume electrical energy are known as:
(a) Dissipaters (b) Generator (c) load (d) Motor
137. A device which convert electrical energy into mechanical energy is called:
(a) Transformer (b) A.C generator (c)
D.C Motor (d) D.C generator (2 Time)
138. When a motor is covered loaded then magnitude of back emf:
(a) Increases (b) Decreases (c)
Remain constant (d) Zero
139. When the back emf is zero, its draw: (1 Time)
(a) Zero current (b) Minimum current
(c) Maximum current (d) Steady current
140. With the speed of motor, magnitude of back emf:
(a) remain same (b) Increases
(c) decreases (d) First increases then decreases
141. When motor is just started, back emf is almost: (1 Time)
(a) Maximum (b) Zero (c) Minimum (d) Infinite
i. The working principle of transformer is: (1 Time)
(a) Self induction (b) Electromagnetic induction
(c) Mutual induction (d) Faraday’s Law
142. The core of transformer’ is laminated so reduce: (1 Time)
(a) Magnetic loss (b) Hysteresis loss
(c) Eddy current loss (d) Electric loss
143. Transformer is used to change: (1 Time)
(a) Electric power (b) Magnetic field
(c) Alternating voltage (d) Phase of A.C
144. A real transformer does not change: (1 Time)
(a) Voltage level (b) Current level
(c) Frequency level (d) Power level
145. Efficiency of transformer does not effected by:
(a) Input voltage (b) Core of transformer
(c) Insulation between sheet (d) Resistance of coils
146. If a step-up transformer were 100% efficient, the primary and secondary winging would have
the same:
(a) Current (b) power
(c) Voltage (d) Direction of winding
147. During each cycle A.C voltage reaches a peak value: (3 Time)
(a) Once (b) Thrice (c) Twice (d) Four time
148. The frequency of A.C sources used in Pakistan is: (1 Time)
(a) 50 Hz (b) 60 Hz (c) 45 Hz (d) 70 Hz
149. The most common source of an A.C voltage over a complete cycle is:
(a) Positive (b) Negative (c) Zero (d) Infinite
150. The most common source of an A.C voltage is: (1 Time)
(a) Motor (b) Cell (c) Generator (d) Thermocouple
151. The sum of positive and negative peak value is called: (2 Time)
(a) RMS value (b) P-P value (c) Peak value (d) Average value
152. Root mean square value of voltage is given by: (3 Time)
𝑉𝑜 𝑉
(a) 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 2𝑉𝑜 (b) 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √2𝑉𝑜 (c) 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = (d) 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 2𝑜
√2
153. The phase of A.C at positive peak from origin is: (1 Time)
3𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(a) (b) (c) (d) 𝜋
2 2 4
154. The basic circuit element in A.C circuit which controls current: (1 Time)
(a) Resistor only (b) Capacitor only
(c) Inductor only (d) All of these
155. Direct current cannot flow through: (2 Time)
(a) Inductor (b) Resistor (c) Transistor (d) Capacitor
156. In case of capacitor the unit of reactance is: (2 Time)
(a) Ohm (b) Mho (c) Farad (d) Henry
157. At high frequency the value of reactance of capacitor in A.C circuit will be:
(a) Small (b) Zero (c) Large (d) Infinite
158. The device which allows the only continuous flow of A.C through it is:
(a) Capacitor (b) Inductor (c) Battery (d) Thermistor
159. In a pure inductive A.C circuit the current:
(a) Lags behind voltage by 90o (b) Leads the voltage by 90o
(c) In phase with voltage (d) Leads the voltage by 270o
160. An inductor of 1 Henry inductance has a reactance 500ohms, then the frequency required is
approximately:
(a) 50 Hz (b) 100 Hz (c) 80 Hz (d) 120 Hz
161. The device which allows only the flow of D.C is:
(a) Capacitors (b) Transformer(c) Inductor (d) Generator
162. The combined effect of resistance and reactance is knows as:
(a) Inductance (b) Conductance(c) Resistance (d) Impedance
163. When 10V are applied to an A.C circuit, the current flowing in it is 100mA. It impedance is:
(a) 100Ω (b) 10Ω (c) 1000Ω (d) 1Ω

164. The phase angle of a series RLC circuit at resonant frequency is:
𝜋 𝜋
(a) (b) zero (c) (d) 𝜋
2 4
165. Power dissipated in a pure inductor is:
(a) Large (b) Small (c) Infinite (d) Zero
166. The power factor in A.C circuit is:
(a) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 (b) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (c) 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
167. At resonance frequency, the impedance of RLC series circuit is:
(a) Maximum (b) Minimum (c) Zero (d) Infinite
168. Inductive reactance of an inductor is:
(a) 𝑋𝐿 = 𝜋𝑓𝐿 (b) 𝑋𝐿 = 4𝜋𝑓𝐿 (c) 𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐿 (d) 𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝐿
169. In RLC series circuit, the current at resonance frequency is:
(a) Minimum (b) Maximum (c) Zero (d) Infinite
170. In RLC parallel circuit the resonance frequency is:
2𝜋 𝜋 1
(a) 2𝜋√𝐿𝐶 (b) (c) (d)
√𝐿𝐶 √𝐿𝐶 2𝜋√𝐿𝐶
171. The SI unit of √𝑳𝑪 is:
(a) Second (b) Ampere (c) Hertz (d) Farad
172. In three phase A.C generator the phase difference between each pair of coil is:
(a) 45o (b) 60o (c) 90o (d) 120o
173. In three phase voltage across any two lines is about: (1 Time)
(a) 220 V (b) 230 V (c) 400 V (d) 430 V
174. Metal detectors consists of:
(a) L-C circuit (b) R-L circuit (c) R-C circuit (d) RLC series circuit
175. Choke consumes extremely small.
(a) Current (b) Charge (c) Power (d) Potential
176. Resistance of Choke is:
(a) Zero (b) Large (c) Very Small (d) Infinite
177. The A.M transmission frequency range from:
(a) 540 kHz to 1000 kHz (b) 540 kHz to 1600 kHz
(c) 520 kHz to 1600 kHz (d) 520 kHz to 1400 kHz
178. High frequency radio wave is called as:
(a) Fluctuative (b) Carrier wave
(c) Matter wave (d) Mechanical wave
179. The amplitude modulated transmission waves have:
(a) 540 kHz to 1600 kHz (b) 88 kHz to 10.8 kHz
(c) 88 MHz to 108 mHz (d) 540 MHz to 1600 MHz
180. Which one is not a crystalline solid?
(a) Zinc (b) Copper (c) Nylon (d) Zirconia
181. In glass, molecules are irregularly arranged so it is known as:
(a) Solid (b) Liquid (c) Solid liquid(d) Gas
182. The SI unit of stress is same as that of:
(a) Pressure (b) Force (c) Momentum(d) Work
183. The young’s modulus of steel is:
(a) Zero (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
184. Glass and high carbon steel are the example of:
(a) Ductile substance (b) Brittle substance
(c) Soft substance (d) Magnetic substance
185. If stress is increased beyond the elastic limit of material, it becomes permanently changed,
this behavior of material is called: (2 Time)
(a) Strain (b) Stress (c) Elasticity (d) Plasticity
186. Substance which break just after the elastic limit is reached are called as:
(a) Brittle substance (b) Ductile substance
(c) Non magnetic substance (d) Magnetic substance
187. Conductors have conductivities of the order of:
(a) 103 (Ωm)−1 (b) 107 (Ωm)−1 (c) 105 (Ωm)−1 (d) 109 (Ωm)−1
188. The ratio of adding impurity in a semi conductor is:
(a) 1 𝑡𝑜 103 (b) 1 𝑡𝑜 104 (c) 1 𝑡𝑜 105 (d) 1 𝑡𝑜 106
189. In “N” type material, the minority charge carriers are:
(a) Free electrons (b) Holes
(c) Protons (d) Mesons
190. Which one is pentavanlent impurity?
(a) Boron (b) Gallium (c) Antimony (d) Indium
191. In p-type substances, the minority carriers are:
(a) Electrons (b) Protons (c) Holes (d) Neutrons
192. The critical temperature of Aluminum is:
(a) 3.72K (b) 1.18K (c) 7.2K (d) 8.2K
193. A single domain in ferromagnetic substance contains nearly:
(a) 108 → 109 (b) 1012 → 1016 (c) 1015 → 1020 (d) 1012 → 1020
194. Curie temperature for iron is:
(a) 710oC (b) 730oC (c) 750oC (d) 780oC
195. A device used to detect very weak magnetic field produced by brain is named as:
(a) MRI (b) CAT scans (c) Squid (d) CRO
196. Potential difference across depletion region in case of silicon:
(a) 0.7V (b) 0.5V (c) 0.3V (d) 0.9V
197. Reverse current through a semi conductor is due to: (4 Time)
(a) Majority charge carries (b) Minority charge carries
(c) Electrons (d) Holes
198. Which factor does not affect the conductivity of Pn-junction diode?
(a) Doping (b) Temperature(c) Voltage (d) Pressure
199. A p-n-junction cannot be used as: (2 Time)
(a) Rectifier (b) Amplifier (c) Detector (d) LED
200. In full wave rectification, number of diodes required are equal to:
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 5
201. For rectification we use:
(a) Transformer(b) Diode (c) Choke (d) Generator
202. A device used for the conversion of A.C into D.C is called:
(a) An oscillator (b) Detector
(c) An amplifier (d) Rectifier
203. A light emitting diode (LED) emits light only when:
(a) Reverse biased (b) Forward biased
(c) Unbiased (d) None of these
204. A photo diode can turn its current ON and OFF in:
(a) Micro seconds (b) Mega seconds
(c) Nano seconds (d) Milli Seconds
205. The thickness of base in a transistor is of the order of:
(a) 10-9m (b) 10-7m (c) 10-8m (d) 10-6m
206. The central region of a transistor is called:
(a) Base (b) Emitter (c) Collector (d) Neutral
207. The SI unit of current gain is:
(a) Volt (b) Ampere (c) Coulomb (d) No unit
208. A sensor of light is:
(a) Transistor (b) LED
(c) Diode (d) Light dependent resistance
209. The gain of transistor amplifier depends upon:
(a) Resistance connected with collector
(b) Resistance connected with base voltage
(c) Input Voltage (d) Output Voltage
210. Greater concentration of impurity is added in:
(a) Base (b) Emitter (c) Collector (d) LED
211. The open loop gain of the amplifier is order of:
(a) 106 (b) 105 (c) 107 (d) 103
212. The input resistance of an op-amplifier is:
(a) Zero (b) Low
(c) High (d) Equal to output resistance
213. Find the gain of inverting amplifier of external resistance 𝑹𝟏 = 𝟏𝟎𝒌𝛀 and 𝑹𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒌𝛀
(a) -5 (b) -10 (c) -1 (d) 50
214. The resistance between the inverting (-) and non-inverting inputs is called input resistance
and is the order of:
(a) Ohms (b) Kilo ohms (c) Thounds ohms(d) Mega ohms
215. The gain of amplifier is given as:
𝑅 𝑅 𝑅 𝑅
(a) 1 + 𝑅2 (b) 1 + 𝑅1 (c) − 𝑅2 (d) − 𝑅1
1 2 1 2
216. For non-inverting amplifier if 𝑹𝟏 = ∞ ohm, 𝑹𝟐 = 𝟎 ohm then gain of amplifier is:
(a) -1 (b) 0 (c) +1 (d) Infinite
217. Which is not a basic logic operation?
(a) NOT (b) AND (c) OR (d) NAND
218. Output of exclusive Or gate is X.
(a) ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴. 𝐵 (b) 𝐴̅. 𝐵 + ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴. 𝐵̅ (c) 𝐴. 𝐵̅ + 𝐴̅. 𝐵 (d) ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴. 𝐵 + 𝐵. 𝐴
219. The Boolean expression of Exclusive NOR gate is:
(a) 𝑋 = 𝐴𝐵 + 𝐵𝐴 (b) 𝑋 = 𝐴𝐵̅ + 𝐵̅ 𝐴
(c) 𝑋 = 𝐴𝐵̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
̅ + 𝐵̅ 𝐴 (d) 𝑋 = ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵̅ + 𝐴̅𝐵
220. A diode characteristics curve is a plot between:
(a) Current and time (b) Voltage and time
(c) voltage and current (d) Current and time
221. The colour of light emitted by a LED depends on:
(a) Its forward biased (b) Its reverse biased
(c) Amount of forward current
(d) The type of semi conductor material used
222. Automatic function of street lights can be done by the use of:
(a) Inductor (b) Rectifier (c) Comparator(d) Emf
223. Using relativistic effects the location of an air craft after an hour fight can be predicated about:
(a) 20m (b) 50m (c) 760m (d) 780m
224. The length of a rod will becomes half at the speed:
1 3 1 √3
(a) 𝑐 (b) 𝑐 (c) 𝑐 (d) 𝑐
2 2 √2 2
225. Earth orbital speed is:
(a) 10 km /s (b) 20 km/s (c) 30 km/s (d) 40 km/s
226. The special theory of relativity based on:
(a) One postulate (b) Two postulate
(c) Three postulate (d) Four postulate
227. 1 kg mass will be equivalent to energy:
(a) 9 × 108 𝐽 (b) 9 × 1012 𝐽 (c) 9 × 1016 𝐽 (d) 9 × 1019 𝐽
228. By modern system of NAVSTAR, the speed anywhere on the earth can be determined to
accuracy about:
(a) 20 ms-1 (b) 10 ms-1 (c) 2 cms-1 (d) 2 ms-1
229. Platinum wire becomes yellow at a temperature of:
(a) 900oC (b) 1300oC (c) 1600oC (d) 500oC
230. When platinum is it becomes orange at:
(a) 500oC (b) 900oC (c) 1100oC (d) 900oC
231. A platinum wire becomes white at a temperature of:
(a) 1600oC (b) 1300oC (c) 1100oC (d) 900oC
232. When platinum wire is heated, it changes to cherry red at temperature:
(a) 500oC (b) 900oC (c) 1100oC (d) 1300oC
233. Momentum of moving photon is give by:
ℎ ℎ𝑐 ℎ𝜆
(a) (b) (c) ℎ𝑓 (d)
𝜆 𝜆 𝑐
234. Stefen-Boltzmann law is given by:
(a) 𝐸 = ℎ𝑓 (b) 𝐸 = 𝑚𝑐 2 (c) 𝐸 = 𝜎𝑇 −1 (d) 𝜆 × 𝑇 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
235. The value of Stefen’s constant 𝝈 is given by:
(a) 6.67 × 10−8 𝑊𝑚2 𝑘 −4 (b) 6.67 × 108 𝑊𝑚−2 𝑘 −4
(c) 6.67 × 10−18 𝑊𝑚−2 𝑘 −4 (d) 5.67 × 10−8 𝑊𝑚−2 𝑘 −4
236. Joule-second is the unit of:
(a) Energy (b) Wein’s constant
(c) Planck’s constant (d) Boyle’s law
237. The momentum of photon is given by the equation:
ℎ 𝜆
(a) 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣 (b) 𝑝=𝜆 (c) 𝑝=ℎ (d) 𝑝 = ℎ𝜆
238. Who explained the photo electric effect?
(a) Max Planck(b) Einstein (c) Henry (d) Rutherford
239. The energy of photon is given by:
𝑚𝑣 2
(a) (b) hf (c) v oe (d) moc2
2
240. Albert Einstein was awarded Nobel prize in physics in:
(a) 1905 (b) 1911 (c) 1918 (d) 1921
241. Amount of energy released due to complete conversion of 1 kg mass into energy is:
(a) 9 × 1016 𝐽 (b) 9 × 109 𝐽 (c) 9 × 1020 𝐽 (d) 9 × 108 𝐽
𝒉
242. The quantity/factor 𝒎 𝒄 has the dimension of:
𝒐
(a) Length (b) Time (c) Mass (d) Energy
243. The Compton shift in wavelength will be maximum when angle of scattering is:
(a) 90o (b) 45o (c) 180o (d) 30o
244. Energy each position is given by:
(a) 2MeV (b) 1.02MeV (c) 0.51MeV (d) 5 MeV
245. The minimum energy required to create pair production is:
(a) 0.51MeV (b) 1.02MeV (c) 931 MeV (d) 2.10MeV
246. The rest mass of photon is:
(a) Zero (b) 1.67 × 10−27 𝑘𝑔
(c) 9.1 × 10−31 𝑘𝑔 (d) 1.67 × 10−31 𝑘𝑔
247. Wave nature of light appears in:
(a) Pair production (b) Compton effect
(c) Photo electric (d) Interference
248. If a particle of mass ‘m’ is moving with speed ‘v’ then de-Broglie wavelength 𝝀 associated with
it will be:
3ℎ 2ℎ ℎ ℎ
(a) 𝜆 = 𝑚𝑣 (b) 𝜆 = 𝑚𝑣 (c) 𝜆 = 𝑚𝑣 (d) 𝜆 = 2𝑚𝑣
249. The life time of an electron in an excited state is about 10-8s. What is its uncertainty in energy
during this time:
(a) 6.63 × 10−34 𝐽 (b) 9.1 × 10−31 𝐽
(c) 1.05 × 10−26 𝐽 (d) 7.2 × 10−15 𝐽
250. Ballmer series lies in region of electromagnetic spectrum:
(a) Infrared (b) Visible (c) Ultraviolet (d) Fra infrared
251. Ballmer series lies in:
(a) Visible green (b) Invisible region
(c) Ultraviolet region (d) Infrared region
252. Rydberg constant has value:
(a) 1.0974 × 107 𝑚−1 (b) 6.02 × 10−34 𝑚−1
(c) 3 × 108 𝑚−1 (d) 1.6 × 1019 𝑚−1
253. The shortest wavelength in Lyman series is equal to:
𝑅𝐻 1 2
(a) 𝑅𝐻 (b) (c) (d) 𝑅
2 𝐻 𝑅 3 𝐻
254. Which of the following series of hydrogen spectrum lies in ultra violet region?
(a) Lyman series (b) Ballmer series
(c) Paschen series (d) Bracket series
255. The longest wavelength of Paschen series is:
(a) 656nm (b) 1875nm (c) 2000 nm (d) 1094 nm
256. Earth orbital speed is:
(a) 10 km/s (b) 20 km/s (c) 30 km/s (d) 40 km/s
257. The value of radius of 1st Bohr’s orbit is:
(a) 0.53 nm (b) 0.053 nm (c) 0.0053 nm (d) 0.00053 nm
258. The energy of the 4th orbit in hydrogen atom is:
(a) -2.51eV (b) -3.50eV (c) -13.60eV (d) -0.85eV
259. In an electronic transition atom cannot emit:
(a) Infrared radiations (b) Visible radiations
(c) Ultraviolet radiations (d) Gama radiations
260. Production of X-rays is reverse process of:
(a) Photo-electric effect (b) Compton effect
(c) Annihilation (d) Pair production
261. In metal stables state electron stays for:
(a) 10-3s or more (b) 10-3s or less
(c) 10 s or more
-8 (d) 10-8 or less
262. In Helium-Neon laser, discharge tube is filled with Neon gas:
(a) 10% (b) 15% (c) 85% (d) 90%
263. The radius of 10th orbit in hydrogen atom is:
(a) 0.053 nm (b) 0.53 nm (c) 5.3 nm (d) 53 nm
𝟐𝟑𝟖
264. The number of Neutron in 𝟗𝟐𝑼 is:
(a) 92 (b) 238 (c) 146 (d) 330
𝟕
265. The number of neutrons 𝟑𝑳 in are:
(a) 3 (b) 7 (c) 4 (d) 2
266. The number of isotopes of cesium are:
(a) 4 (b) 32 (c) 22 (d) 36
267. What is different in isotopes?
(a) Number of protons (b) Number neutrons
(c) Number of electrons (d) Charge Number
268. The binding energy per nucleon is maximum for:
(a) Helium (b) Iron (c) Polonium (d) Radium
269. Energy released by conversation of 1 amu is:
(a) 1.6 × 10−19 𝑒𝑉 (b) 1.6 × 10−19 𝑀𝑒𝑉
(c) 200MeV (d) 931MeV
270. There is no change in A and Z of any radioactive element by the emission of:
(a) 𝛼- partical (b) 𝛽-partical (c) 𝛾-partical (d) X-rays
271. The unit of decay constant:
(a) Second (b) (Second)-1 (c) m-1 (d) mk
272. The charge on 𝜷-partical is:
(a) +e (b) -e (c) -2e (d) None of these
273. 𝜸- rays emitted from radioactive element have speed:
(a) 1×107 ms-1 (b) 1×1018 ms-1 (c) 3×108 ms-1 (d) 4×1019 ms-1
274. A device that shows the visible path ionize particle is called:
(a) GM counter (b) Solid state detector (c) Scalar
(d) Wilson cloud chamber
275. The dead time of Geiger-Muller Counter is of the order of:
(a) Micro second (b) Millisecond (c) More than millisecond (d) Nanosecond
276. Energy needed to produce an electron hole in solid state detector is:
(a) 1 to 2eV (b) 3 to 4eV (c) 6 to 7eV (d) 8 to 9eV
277. Fission chain reaction is controlled by:
(a) Cadmium rods (b) Iron rods
(c) Platinum rods (d) Steel rods
278. Hydrogen bomb is an example of:
(a) Nuclear fission (b) Nuclear fusion
(c) Chain reaction (d) Chemical reaction
279. The particles equal in mass but greater than proton are:
(a) Mesons (b) Baryons (c) Leptons (d) Hadrons
280. A proton consists of quarks which are:
(a) Two up, one down (b) One up, two down
(c) All up (d) All down
281. The building blocks of protons and neutrons are called:
(a) Muons (b) Mesons (c) Protons (d) Neutrons
282. Which pair belongs to hadrons?
(a) Protons and Neutrons (b) Neutrons and electrons
(c) Photons and electrons (d) Positrons and electrons
(SUBJECTIVE PART)
SECTION-I
SHORT QUESTIONS (SQs)

1. Define Coulomb’s law, write its mathematical formula?
2. Describe five/four properties of electric field lines.
3. Define xerography and photoconductor?
4. Distinguish between conductor and photo conductor.
5. Define electric flux, Gaussian surface.
6. State and write formula of Gauss’s law.
7. Define Gaussian surface and electric lines of force.
8. Show that 1N/C=1V/m
9. Define potential gradient. Give its unit.
10. What is meant by EEG and ERG?
11. Define electric potential with unit.
12. Differentiate between electric potential difference and electric potential at a point.
13. Convert 1 joule electron volt.
14. Write two similarities and dissimilarities among electric force and gravitational force?
15. Define Capacitor and Farad.
16. Define capacitance and electric polarization.
17. What is the effect of polarization on the capacitance of a capacitor?
18. What is time constant of a capacitor resistance circuit and prove that R.C=time constant.
19. Define time constant for RC circuit also draw (q-t) graph for charging capacitor in RC circuit.
20. The potential is constant throughout a given region of space. Is the electric field zero or non-zero
in this region? Explain.
21. How can you identify that which plate of a capacitor is positively charged?
22. Electric lines of force never cross. Why?
23. Is E necessarily zero inside a charged rubber if balloon is spherical? Assume that charge is
distributed uniformly over the surface? Explain.
24. Do electrons tend to go to region of high potential or of low potential?
25. A particle carrying a charge of 2e falls through a potential difference of 3.0V. Calculate the energy
acquired by it.
26. Define Tesla. Write its mathematical formula.
27. Define magnetic flux and its units.
28. Distinguish between magnetic flux and magnetic flux density. Write their SI units.
29. State Ampere’s law and write it in mathematical form.
30. Why is 𝐵̅ non-zero outside a solenoid?
31. Write two uses of CRO (cathode ray oscilloscope).
32. What is cathode ray oscilloscope and galvanometer?
33. What is function of Sweep generator in cathode ray oscilloscope?
34. How can you explain the wave form of various voltage formed in CRO?
35. What is the function of grid in a cathode ray oscilloscope?
36. A current rectangular coil is rotating in a magnetic field. What factor does the torque of coil
depend?
37. Define galvanometer. Write its principle.
38. Define current sensitivity of a galvanometer.
39. Distinguish between sensitive and dead beat galvanometers.
40. What modifications are required convert a galvanometer into ammeter?
41. How can you convert a galvanometer into voltmeter?
42. Define AVO meter and Ohm meter.
43. What is digital multi meter? Give its two advantages over AVO meter.
44. Suppose that a charge “q” is moving a uniform magnetic field with a velocity “v”. Why is there
no work done by the magnetic force that acts on the charge “q”?
45. If a charged particle moves in a straight line through some region of space can you say that
magnetic field in the region is zero or non zero?
46. Why does the picture on a T.V screen become distorted when a magnet is brought near the
screen?
47. Is it possible to orient a current loop in a uniform magnetic fi9eld such that the loop will not tend
to rotate? Explain.
48. How can a current loop be used to determine the presence of a magnetic field in a given region
of space?
49. How can you use a magnetic field to separate isotopes of chemical element?
50. Why the resistance of an ammeter should be very low?
51. Why a voltmeter should have very high resistance.
52. Differentiate between mass defect and binding energy.
53. Define decay constant and write its unit.
54. Define radioactivity and half life.
55. Why Geiger counter is not suitable for fast counting?
56. Define fission and fusion reaction.
57. Differentiate between controlled and un-controlled chain reaction.
58. State the advantages and disadvantages of fusion power from the point of safety pollution and
resources.
59. What is meant by absorbed does, also write down the units of absorbed does?
60. Write a short note on basic forces of nature.
61. What are baryons and mesons? How they are formed?
62. What are Hadrons and Leptons. Explain with examples.
63. Why are heavy nuclei unstable? Explain.
64. If a nuclei has life of 1 year, does this mean that it will completely decay after 2 years? Explain.
65. What fraction of radioactive sample decays after two half lives has elapsed?
66. A particle which produces more ionization is less penetrating. Why?
67. What information is revealed by the length and shape of the tracks of an incident particle in
Wilson could chamber?
68. What do you mean by the term critical mass?
69. What factors make a fusion reaction difficult to achieve?
70. What do you understand background radiations? State two sources.
71. If someone accidentally swallows an alpha source and Beta source. Which would be the more
dangerous to him? Explain why?
72. What is radioactive trace? Describe one application in each case of medicine and agriculture.
SECTION-II
1. Define conventional current and electronic current.
2. How the heating effect produced when current flows through the conductor.
3. Define Ohm’s Law. Also define ohmic and non ohmic devices.
4. A wire of length 10m has resistance 100Ω. If the wire is stretched to increase its length three times
what will be its new resistance.
5. Define temperature coefficient of resistance. Give its units.
6. Differentiate between resistance and resistivity.
7. What is meant by tolerance? Find the resistance of a resistor with red, green, orange and fourth
and gold respectively band.
8. What are thermistor? How are they made?
9. How is rheostat used as potential divider?
10. Under what conditions emf of a cell and terminal potential difference become equal?
11. State Kirchhoff’s rule.
12. A potential difference is applied across the ends of a copper wire. What is the effect on the drift
velocity of free electrons by:
a) increasing the potential difference
b) Decreasing the length and temperature of the wire?
13. Why does the resistance of a conductor rise with temperature?
14. Is the filament resistance lower or higher in a 500W, 220V light bulb than in 100W, 220V bulb?
15. Explain why the terminal potential difference of battery decreases when the current drawn from
it is increased?
16. What is Wheatstone bridge? How can it be used to determine an unknown resistance?
17. Define peak value and peak to peak value of A.C voltage?
18. What do you mean by phase lag and phase lead?
19. What is difference between A.C circuit and V.C circuit?
20. What is meant by inductive and capacitive reactance?
21. Define impedance and write the impedance expression for R-L series circuit.
22. In R-C series circuit will the current lag or lead the voltage. Illustrate your answer with diagram.
23. Explain power factor.
24. Write two properties of R-L-C series circuit.
25. Write two/four properties of parallel resonance circuit.
26. Write some/main advantages of three phase A.C supply.
27. Define A.C and choke.
28. Write down advantages and disadvantages of A.M and F.M.
29. Define modulation and write names of its types.
30. How many times per second will an incandescent lamp reach maximum brilliance when
connected to a 50 Hz source?
31. How does doubling the frequency affect the reactance.
(a) an inductor (b) a capacitor
32. In R-L circuit, will the current larger lead the voltage? Illustrate your answer by a vector diagram.
33. Explain the condition under which electromagnetic waves are produced from a source.
34. How the reception of a particular radio station is selected on your radio set?
35. At what frequency will an inductor of inductance 1.0 Hz have a reactants of 500Ω?
36. Define unit cell and crystal lattice.
37. Define tensile stress and volumetric stress?
38. What is difference between ductile and brittle substance?
39. Explain briefly the insulator on the basis of energy band theory.
40. Define (a) Conduction band(b)Valence band
41. Describe energy band picture of semi-conductors.
42. Differentiate between insulators and conductors.
43. Distinguish between soft magnetic materials and hard magnetic materials.
44. Define saturation and Remanenece of Hysteresis loop.
45. Distinguish between crystalline, amorphous and polymeric solids.
46. Define modulus of elasticity. Show that units of modulus of elasticity and stress are the same.
Also discuss its three types.
47. What is meant by strain energy? How can it be determined from the force-extension graph?
48. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors?
49. What is meant by para, dia and ferromagnetic substances? Give example for each.
50. Define depletion region and potential barrier.
51. How will you obtain N-type and P-type material from pure silicon?
52. What is potential barrier of germanium and silicon? Also define potential barrier.
53. Define rectification. Draw a circuit diagram of half wave rectifier.
54. What is photodiode? Write down its any two applications?
55. What is LED? Write its operation.
56. What do you know about photo-voltaic cell?
57. Define “𝛽” for transistor. Also write its fundamental current equation.
58. Define open loop gain of an operational amplifier. Also give its formula.
59. Name three basic characteristics of Op-Amp. Also give their approximately values.
60. Write briefly about operational amplifier.
61. Define digital system and logic gate.
62. What is the mathematical expression of And gate? Write its truth table.
63. What is OR-GATE? Write its relation.
64. Write down the logic expression and logic table for exclusive NOR gate.
65. Draw the symbol and truth table of NAND gate.
66. Give two applications of gates in control system.
67. How does the motion of an electron in a n-type differ from the motion of holes in a p-type
substances?
68. What is net charge on N-type and P-type substances? Justify the answer.
69. The anode of a diode is 0.2V positive with respect to its cathode. Is it forward biased?
70. Why charge carries are not present in depletion region?
71. What is effect of forward and reverse biasing of a diode on the width of depletion region?
72. Why ordinary silicon diodes do not emit light?
73. Why a photo diode is operated in reverse biased state?
74. Why is the base current in a transistor very small?
75. What is the principle of virtual ground? Apply it to find the gain of an inverting amplifier.
SECTION-III

1. Define induced emf and induced current:
2. Write down two methods for determining the induced emf in a loop.
3. How the induced current can be increased?
4. What is motional emf? State the factors it depend upon.
5. State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic and write its mathematical expression.
6. Define write hand rule for determining the direction of the magnetic field.
7. Verify that an ohm times faraday is equivalent to second.
8. State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
9. Define lenz s law does it agree with the law of conservation of energy?
10. Define mutual induction. On what factors does mutual inductance of the two coil depend?
11. Name the factors upon which the self –inductance of coil depends?
12. Define self induction and self inductance.
13. What is differences between motor and generator?
14. How fluctuations of the output can be reduced in D.C generator?
15. Write a note on back motor effect in generator?
16. Define back emf effect in motor. Also tell what happens when is over loaded?
17. Define step-up and step down transformers.
18. Give the two techniques to improve the efficiency of transformer.
19. How the power losses can be minimized in a transformer?
20. Does the induced emf in a circuit depend on the resistance of the circuit? Does the induced
current depend as the resistance of the circuit?
21. Does the induced emf always act to decrease the magnetic flux through a circuit? Explain.
22. How would you position a flat loop of wire in a changing magnetic field so that there is no emf
induced in the loop?
23. In a certain region the earth’s magnetic field point vertically down, when a plane flies due to
north, which wingtip is positive charged?
∆𝜙
24. Show that emf 𝜀 and ∆𝑡 have the same units.
25. Can a D.C motor be turned into a DC generator?
26. Is it possible to change both the area of the loop and the magnetic field passing through the loop
and still not have induced emf in the loop?
27. Four unmarked wires energy from a transformer. What steps would you to determine turn ratio?
28. Can a step-up transformer increase the power level? Explain/Comment.

29. In a transformer, there is no transfer of charge from the primary to the secondary. How is then
the power transferred?
30. When the primary of a transformer is converted to A.C current in it.
31. Distinguish between inertial frame of reference and non-inertial frame of reference.
32. Write down the postulates of special theory of relativity.
33. Distinguish between general theory relativity and special theory of relativity?
34. Explain NAVSTAR Navigation system.
35. What are black body radiation? How can you get a black body?
36. Define stopping potential and threshold frequency.
37. Define Compton effect. Write the formula of Compton shift for scattering angle.
38. Define photoelectric effect and pair production.
39. What is wave particle duality? Give its one practical use?
40. State uncertainty principle. Give its two mathematical forms.
41. What are the measurements on which two observers in relative motion will always agree upon?
42. If the speed of light were infinite, what would be the equations of special theory of special theory
of relativity reduce to?
43. As a solid is heated, it begins to glow? Why does it first appear red?
44. What happens to total radiation from a black body if its absolute temperature is doubled?
45. Which photon red, green or blue carries the most
(a) Energy (b) Momentum
46. Which as the lower energy quanta? Radio waves or X-rays?
47. Will bright light eject more electrons from a metal surface than dimmer light of the same colour?
48. When light shines on a surface, is momentum transferred to the metal surface?
49. Why don’t we observe a Compton effect with visible light?
50. Can pair production take place in vacuum? Explain.
51. Is it possible to create a single electron from energy? Explain.
52. If an electron and a proton have the same De-Broglie wavelength, which particle has greater
speed?
53. We do not notice the de Broglie wavelength for a pitched cricket ball. Explain why?
54. When does light behave as a wave? When does it behave as a particle?
55. Define spectroscopy, holography.
56. Define Continuous spectra and line spectra.
57. State postulates of Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom.
58. What do we mean when we say that the atom is excited?
59. Define excitation energy and ionization energy.
60. What is meant by CAT-Scanner?
61. Write two properties and two uses of X-rays.
62. What is meant by normal population and population inversion?
63. Write down four uses of laser.
64. Distinguish between stimulated emission and spontaneous emission.
65. What is meant by line spectrum. Example how line spectrum can be used for identification of
elements?
66. Can an electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom absorb a photon of energy 13.6eV or
greater than 13.6eV?
67. How can the spectrum of hydrogen contains many lines when hydrogen contains one electron?
68. Is energy conserved when a atom emits a photon of light? Explain.

69. Can X-ray be reflected, refracted, diffracted and polarized just like any other wave? Explain.
70. What are the advantages of laser over ordinary light?

71. Explain why laser action could not occur without population inversion between atomic levels?
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTION NO. 5

QUESTIONS
❖ State and explain Coulomb’s Law.
❖ State Gauss’s law. Find electric intensity due to an infinite sheet of charges.
❖ Derive the expression for energy stored in charged capacitor. Also calculate the energy and
energy density stored in the electric field.
❖ Derive the relation for capacitance of parallel plate capacitor and hence define dielectric
coefficient.
❖ Define electric potential. Derive the expression for electric potential at a certain point due to
a point charge.
❖ Define capacitor and capacitance. Derive the formula for energy stored in a capacitor.
❖ State and explain ohm’s law. Also explain the behavior of ohmic and non-ohmic devices with
the help of graph.
❖ State Kirchhoff’s Rules and explain the voltage rule.
❖ What is wheat stone bridge? Give its principle, construction and working. How it can be
used to find unknown resistance of a write?
❖ What is potentiometer? Explain its principle and working.
NUMERICALS
❖ 6 6
Two point charges 𝑞1 = 1.0 × 10 𝐶, 𝑞2 = 4.0 × 10 𝐶 are separated by distance of 3.0m. Find
and justify the zero field location.
❖ Determine the electric field at the position 𝑟 = (4𝑖 + 3𝑗)𝑚 caused by a point charge 𝑞 =
5.0 × 10−6 𝐶 placed at origin.
❖ 0.75A current flows through an iron wire where battery of 1.5V is connected across its
terminal (ends).
❖ A platinum wire has resistance of 10Ω at 0oC and 20Ω at 273oC. Find the value of temperature
coefficient of resistance.
❖ The resistance of an iron wire at 0oC is 1 × 10−4 Ω. what is the resistance at 500oC if
temperature. Coefficient of resistance of iron 5.2 × 10−3 𝐾 1
❖ The potential difference between the terminals of a battery in open circuit is 2.2V. When it is
connected across a resistance of 5 Ω. The potential falls 1.8V. Calculate the current and the
internal resistance of the battery.
❖ Find the electric field strength required to hold suspended a particle of a mass1.0 × 10−6 kg
and charge 1.0𝜇𝐶 between two plates 10.0cm apart.
❖ A particle having a charge of 20 electron on it falls through a potential difference of 100 volts.
Calculate the energy acquired by it an electron volt.
LONG QUESTION NO. 6

QUESTIONS
❖ State Ampere’s law and find magnetic field (𝐵̅) due to current carrying solenoid.
❖ How can you find e/m of an electron? Explain.
❖ Derive the expression for torque on current carrying coil in uniform magnetic.
❖ What is galvanometer? How it is converted in to:
(a) An Ammeter (b) A Voltmeter
❖ State and drive Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
❖ Derive an expression for the energy stored in an inductor. Also define energy density.
❖ Define A.C. generator. Give its principle, construction and working derive an expression for
induced emf.
❖ What is transformer, derive its equation. Also explain loses and power transmission in it.
NUMERICALS
❖ What should pass through a solenoid that is 0.5m long with 10,000 turns of copper wire so that
it will have a magnetic field of 0.4T?
❖ An ideal step down transformer is connected to main supply of 240V. It is desired to operate
a 12V, 30W lamp. Find current in the primary and the transformation ratio.
❖ A D.C motor operates at 240V and has a resistance of 0.5Ω when the motor is running at normal
speed the armature is 15A. Find the back emf in the armature.
❖ A square coil of side 16cm has 200 turns and rotates in a uniform magnetic field of 0.05T. If the
peak emf is 12V. What is the angular velocity of the coil.
❖ A coil of 10 turns and 35cm2 area is in a perpendicular magnetic field of 0.5T. The coil is pulled
out of the field in 1.0sec. Find the induced emf in the coil as it is pulled out of the field.
❖ A metal rod of length 25cm is moving at a speed of 0.5ms-1 in a direction perpendicular to

0.25T magnetic field. Find the emf produced in the rod?
❖ A 20.0 cm wire charging a current of 10.0A is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.30T. If
the wire makes an angle of 40o with the direction of magnetic field. Find the magnitude of the
force acting on the wire.
❖ How fast must a proton moves in a magnetic field of 2.50×10-3T. Such that magnetic force is
equal to its weight.
❖ Alpha particles ranging in speed from 1000 ms-1 to 2000ms-1 enter a velocity selector, where
the electric intensity is 300Vm-1 and magnetic induction is 0.20T. Which particle will move un-
deviated through the field.
LONG QUESTION NO. 7

QUESTIONS
❖ Discuss the behavior of an inductor in an A.C circuit and write expression for the inductive
reactance.
❖ What is an inductor? Derive the relation for energy stored in an inductor.
❖ Define impedance. Derive expression for impedance and phase angle in R-C and R-L series
circuit excited by A.C voltage.
❖ Describe RLC series circuit. Draw its impedance diagram derive the relation for its resonance
frequency “f”. Also write down its two properties.
❖ What are electromagnetic waves? Discuss principle of generation transmission and reception of
electromagnetic waves.
❖ What is reflection? Explain half wave full wave rectification with diagram.
❖ How the transistor can be used as an amplifier? Explain in detail with circuit diagram and
calculate gain.
❖ What is operational amplifier? Describe the use of op-amp as non-inverting amplifier?
❖ What is operational amplifier? Discuss the action of op-amp as inverting and non-inverting
amplifier. Also calculate voltage gain in each case.
NUMERICALS
❖ An A.C voltmeter reads 250v. What is its peak and instantaneous values if the frequency of
alternating voltage is 50 Hz?
❖ A 100𝜇𝐹 capacitor is connected to an alternating voltage of 24V and frequency 50Hz calculate. (i)
Reactance of Capacitor (ii) Current is circuit
❖ Find the value of current flowing through a capacitance 0.5 𝜇𝐹, when connected a source of 150V
at 50 Hz.
❖ Find the value of current and inductive reactance when A.C voltage of 200 volts at 50 Hz is passed
through an inductor of 10H.
❖ In a certain circuit the transistor has a collector current 10mA and has current of 40𝜇𝐴. What is
the current again of the transistor?
𝐼
❖ The current flowing into base of a transistor in 100𝜇𝐴. Fid its ratio 𝑐 if the value of current gain
𝐼𝐸
𝛽 is 100.
❖ What is the resonant frequency of a circuit which includes a coil of inductance 2.5H and a
capacitance 40 𝜇𝐹?
i. LONG QUESTION NO. 8

❖ What is meant by strain energy? Draw force extension graph for a vertically suspended wire
stretched by a variable weight at the lather end and by its graph derive a relation to calculate its
value.
❖ What is meant by doping? Give the name of doped materials. How would you n-type and p-type
material from pure silicon. Illustrate it by with their schematic diagram.
❖ What is energy band theory in solid? Distinguish between conductors insulators and semi
conductors on the basis of this theory.
❖ Define extrinsic and intrinsic semi-conductors. How can obtain p-type and n-type substance?
❖ Write down the postulates of special theory of relativity and also describe the four results of
special theory of relativity.
❖ Write a note on Compton effect.
❖ Discuss photoelectric effect on the basis of classical and quantum theory.
❖ Describe de-Broglie’s hypothesis and explain its confirmation through Davission and Germer
Experiment.
❖ State and explain uncertainty principle. Also give its two mathematical forms.
NUMERICALS
❖ A 1.25cm diameter cylinder is subjected to a load of 2500 kg. Calculate the stress on the bar in
mega Pascal’s.
❖ What stress would causes A. wire to increase in length by 0.01% if the young modulus of wire is
12 × 1010 𝑃𝑎. What force would produce this stress if diameter of the wire is 0.56 mm.
❖ A 1.0 m long copper wire is subjected to stretching force and its length increases by 20 cm
calculate The tensile strain and the percentage elongation which the wire under goes.
❖ The length of steel wire is 1.0m and its cross sectional area is 0.03 × 10−4 𝑚2. Calculate the work
done in stretching the wire when a force of 100N is applied within the elastic region young’s
modulus of steel is 3.0 × 1011 𝑚−2
❖ What is mass of a 70 kg man in a space rocket travelling at 0.8c form us as measure form earth?
❖ A 90 keV X-rays photon is fired at a carbon target and Compton scattering occurs. Find the
wavelength of the accidental photon and the wavelength of the scattered photon of scattering
angle of 60o.
❖ An electron is placed in box about the size of an atom that is about 1.0 × 10−10 𝑚. What is the
velocity of the electron?
❖ An electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 50V. Calculate its de-Broglie’s
wavelength.
LONG QUESTION NO. 9

❖ Calculate the longest wavelength of radiation for the paschen series?
❖ Compute the shortest and longest wavelength of radiation for the Lyman series?
❖ Give three postulates of Bohr’s model and calculate the radius of first orbit of hydrogen atom.
❖ What is meant by inner shell transitions and characteristics X-rays? How ray are produced? Write
down any two properties and uses of X-rays.
❖ Define isotopes. Describe Aston’s mass spectrograph and how it can be used to separate the
isotopes of an element.
❖ What is radioactivity? Discuss emission of alpha and beta and gamma radiations from
radioactive nuclei.
❖ Define and explain the principle construction and working of a solid state detector.
❖ Describe the principle, construction and working of a Wilson Cloud Chamber.
NUMERICALS
233
❖ If 92 𝑈 decays twice by 𝛼 −emission what is the resulting isotopes?
91
❖ The half life of 38𝑆𝑟 is 9.70 hours. Find its decay constant.
❖ A sheet of lead 5.0 mm thick reduces the intensity of a beam of 𝛾 − 𝑟𝑎𝑦𝑠 by a factor 0.4.
Find half value thickness of lead sheet which will reduce the intensity to half of its initial
value.
❖ A 75kg person receiver a whole body radiation dose of 24 m-rad, delivered by alpha
particles for which RBE factor is 12. Calculate:
(a) The absorbed energy is joules.
(b) The equivalent dose in rem.
❖ Find the mass defect and binding energy of the deuteron nucleus, the experiment mass of
deuteron is 3.3435×10-27 kg.
❖ Find the mass defect and the binding energy for Tritrium if the atomic mass of tritium is
3.016049𝜇.
❖ Electron in a X-ray tube are accelerated through a potential difference of 3000V. if these
electrons were slow down in a target. What will be the minimum wavelength of the X-rays
produced?
❖ A tungsten target is struck by electrons that have been accelerated from rest through 40kV
potential difference. Find the shortest wave length of the bremsstrahlung radiation
emitted.

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Guess Paper Annual 2024 CLASS 12th Mustafai school kala Shadian

(a) Bats (b) Cats (c) Dogs (d) Sharks

(c) 4𝜋 × 10−10 𝑊𝑏𝐴−1 𝑚−1 (d) 4𝜋 × 107 𝑊𝑏𝐴−1 𝑚−1

(a) 100Ω (b) 10Ω (c) 1000Ω (d) 1Ω

SHORT QUESTIONS (SQs)

SHORT QUESTIONS (SQs)

28. Can a step-up transformer increase the power level? Explain/Comment.

68. Is energy conserved when a atom emits a photon of light? Explain.

70. What are the advantages of laser over ordinary light?

LONG QUESTION NO. 5

LONG QUESTION NO. 6

❖ A metal rod of length 25cm is moving at a speed of 0.5ms-1 in a direction perpendicular to

LONG QUESTION NO. 7

i. LONG QUESTION NO. 8

LONG QUESTION NO. 9

❖ Describe the principle, construction and working of a Wilson Cloud Chamber.

Mustafai school kala Shadian,Contact # 03445995005 , Whatsapp # 03445995005 pg. 26

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