Caps Fet - Sal - Isixhosa GR 10-12 - Web - 21B5

INkcazelo yeKharityhulam
yeSizwe (NKS)
ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI
INkcazelo yePolisi yeSizwe

OLONGEZELELWEYO
yeKharityhulam nokuHlola
Isigaba seMfundo noQeqesho

oluQhubekela Phambili
iBanga 10-12

INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
iBANGA 10-12
IsiXhosa uLwimi LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO

IsiXhosa uLwimi LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO iBANGA 10-12
DISCLAIMER
In view of the stringent time requirements encountered by the Department of Basic Education to effect the necessary editorial changes and layout
to the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statements and the supplementary policy documents, possible errors may occur in the said documents
placed on the official departmental websites.
There may also be vernacular inconsistencies in the language documents at Home-, First and Second Additional Language levels which have been
translated in the various African Languages. Please note that the content of the documents translated and versioned in the African Languages are
correct as they are based on the English generic language documents at all three language levels to be implemented in all four school phases.
If any editorial, layout or vernacular inconsistencies are detected, the user is kindly requested to bring this to the attention of the Department of
Basic Education.
E-mail: [email protected] or fax (012) 328 9828
Department of Basic Education
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South Africa
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Fax: +27 12 323 0601
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© 2011 Department of Basic Education
Isbn: 978-1-4315-0561-6
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FOREWORD by the minister
Our national curriculum is the culmination of our efforts over a period of seventeen
years to transform the curriculum bequeathed to us by apartheid. From the start of
democracy we have built our curriculum on the values that inspired our Constitution
(Act 108 of 1996). The Preamble to the Constitution states that the aims of the
Constitution are to:
• heal the divisions of the past and establish a society based on democratic
values, social justice and fundamental human rights;
• improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person;
• lay the foundations for a democratic and open society in which government is
based on the will of the people and every citizen is equally protected by law;
and
• build a united and democratic South Africa able to take its rightful place as a sovereign state in the family of
nations.
Education and the curriculum have an important role to play in realising these aims.
In 1997 we introduced outcomes-based education to overcome the curricular divisions of the past, but the experience
of implementation prompted a review in 2000. This led to the first curriculum revision: the Revised National Curriculum
Statement Grades R-9 and the National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 (2002).
Ongoing implementation challenges resulted in another review in 2009 and we revised the Revised National
Curriculum Statement (2002) and the National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 to produce this document.
From 2012 the two National Curriculum Statements, for Grades R-9 and Grades 10-12 respectively, are combined
in a single document and will simply be known as the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12. The National
Curriculum Statement for Grades R-12 builds on the previous curriculum but also updates it and aims to provide
clearer specification of what is to be taught and learnt on a term-by-term basis.
The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 represents a policy statement for learning and teaching in South
African schools and comprises of the following:
(a) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statements (CAPS) for all approved subjects listed in this document;
(b) National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement
Grades R-12; and
(c) National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12.
MRS ANGIE MOTSHEKGA, MP

MINISTER OF BASIC EDUCATION

ISIQULATHO
ICANDELO LOKU-1: Intshayelelo yeNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola.................3
1.1 Imvelaphi .......................................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Amagqabantshintshi........................................................................................................................................3
1.3 Iinjongo eziphangaleleyo zekharityhulam yoMzantsi Afrika........................................................................4
1.4 Ukwabiwa kwexesha........................................................................................................................................6
1.4.1 IsiGaba esisiSeko....................................................................................................................................6
1.4.2 IsiGaba esiPhakathi.................................................................................................................................6
1.4.3 IsiGaba esiPhezulu..................................................................................................................................7
1.4.4 IBanga 10-12...........................................................................................................................................7
ICANDELO LESI-2: UKwazisa iiLwimi....................................................................................................................8
2.1 IiLwimi ngokweNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola ...................................................................8
2.2 Iinjongo ezicacileyo zokufunda iiLwimi ezoNgezelelweyo..........................................................................9
2.3 Amagqabantshintshi ngekharityhulam yolwimi..........................................................................................10
2.4 Ukufundiswa koLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo.....................................................................................11
2.5 Iindlela zokufundiswa kolwimi......................................................................................................................15
2.6 Ulwabiwo lwexesha kwikharityhulam..........................................................................................................17
2.7 Iimfuno zokufundiswa koLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo njengesifundo............................................18
ICANDELO LESI-3: UmXholo neziCwangciso zokuFundisa izaKhono zoLwimi............... 19
3.1 UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha..........................................................................................................................19
3.2 UkuFunda nokuBukela..................................................................................................................................26
3.3 UkuBhala nokuNikezela.................................................................................................................................33
3.4 Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi - uluhlu olubonisayo ...........................................................41
3.5 Izicwangciso zokufundisa.............................................................................................................................43
3.5.1 IsiCwangciso sokuFundisa iBanga 10...................................................................................................47
3.5.2 IsiCwangciso sokuFundisa iBanga 11....................................................................................................55
3.5.3 IsiCwangciso sokuFundisa iBanga 12...................................................................................................63
1
ICANDELO LESI-4: UkuHlola kuLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo.................................................... 73
4.1 Intshayelelo....................................................................................................................................................73
4.2 Ukuhlola okungekho sesikweni okanye kwemihla ngemihla....................................................................73
4.3 Ukuhlola okusesikweni..................................................................................................................................73
4.4 INkqubo yokuHlola.........................................................................................................................................77
4.4.1 Amagqabantshintshi malunga neemfuno...............................................................................................77
4.4.2 Iimviwo...................................................................................................................................................82
4.5 Ukurekhoda nokunika ingxelo......................................................................................................................84
4.6 Uphononongo lokuhlola................................................................................................................................84
4.6.1 Ukuhlola okusesikweni (ukuhlola okwenziwa esikolweni)....................................................................84
4.6.2 Imisebenzi yokuHlola yeOrali ..............................................................................................................84
4.7 Ulwazi Gabalala..............................................................................................................................................86
UluHlu lwamaGama.......................................................................................................................... 87
2 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA

ICANDELO LOKU-1: INTSHAYELELO YENKCAZELO YEPOLISI
YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
1.1 IMvelaphi
INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 icacisa ipolisi yekharityhulam nokuhlola ezikolweni.
Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwayo, INkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe ihlaziyiwe, yaye olu hlaziyo luya
kuqala ukusebenza ngeyoMqungu/ngoJanyuwari 2012. Isifundo ngasinye senzelwe uxwebhu olunye lwePolisi
yeKharityhulam nokuHlola endaweni yala maxwebhu madala angala: INkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe, isiKhokelo
seNkqubo yokuFunda kunye nesiKhokelo sokuHlola sesiFundo kwiBanga R-12.
1.2 AmaGqabantshintshi
(a) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 (eyoMqungu/Janyuwari 2012) imele inkcazelo
yepolisi yokufunda nokufundisa kwizikolo zoMzantsi Afrika yaye iquka oku kulandelayo:
(i) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yesifundo ngasinye kwezo zifundo zivunyiweyo zesikolo;
(ii) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of
the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12.; kunye
(iii) Noxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12 (eyoMqungu/Janyuwari
2012).
(b) Uxwebhu oluthi, INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 (eyoMqungu/Janyuwari 2012)
lungena endaweni yala maxwebhu eNkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe mabini alandelayo:
(i) iRevised National Curriculum Statement Grades R-9, Government Gazette No. 23406 of 31 May 2002,
kunye
(ii) neNational Curriculum Statement Grade 10-12 Government Gazettes, No 25545 of 6 October 2003 and
No. 27594 of 17 May 2005.
(c) Amaxwebhu eNkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe ekuthethwe ngawo kumhlathi b(i) no(ii), aquka la maxwebhu
epolisi alandelayo, aza kuthi aye eyekiswa ngokuyekiswa, kuze endaweni yawo kungene iNkcazelo yePolisi
yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 (eyoMqungu/Janyuwari 2012) ngo2012 - 2014:
(i) INkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe yezifundo ngezifundo, isiKhokelo seNkqubo yokuFundisa kunye
nesiKhokelo sokuHlola sesiFundo seBanga R-9 neseBanga 10-12;
(ii) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National Policy on assessment and qualifications for schools in the General
Education and Training Band, olubhengezwe kwiGovernment Notice No. 124 ekwiGovernment Gazette
No. 29626 of 12 February 2007;
(iii) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National
Qualifications Framework (NQF), olubhengezwe kwiGovernment Gazette No.27819 of 20 July 2005;
3
(iv) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A
qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), regarding learners with special
needs, olupapashwe kwiGovernment Gazette, No.29466 of 11 December 2006, lufakwe kuxwebhu
lwepolisi oluthi, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National
Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; kunye
(v) Noxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A
qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), regarding the National Protocol
for Assessment (Grades R-12), olubhengezwe kwiGovernment Notice No.1267 kwiGovernment Gazette
No. 29467 of 11 December 2006.
(d) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the
National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; kunye namacandelo akwiPolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola
njengoko ebonisiwe kwisahluko sesi-2, 3 nesesi-4 solu xwebhu aqulethe izithethe nemigangatho yeNkcazelo
yeKharityhulam yeSizwe yeBanga R-12. Ngoko ke, olu xwebhu luya kuthi, ngokwecandelo 6A leSouth African
Schools Act (uMthetho oLawula iZikolo zaseMzantsi Afrika), ka1996 (uMthetho wama-84 ka1996,) lwenze
isiseko sokuxhobisa umPhathiswa wezeMfundo esisisiSeko ukuba akwazi ukubeka awona manqanaba
aphantsi eziphumo nemigangatho, ngokunjalo neenkqubo nemigaqo yokuhlola impumelelo yabafundi,
manqanaba lawo aza kusebenza kwizikolo zikarhulumente nezabucala.
1.3 IiNjongo eziPhangaleleyo zeKharityhulam yoMzantsi Afrika
(a) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 inika isikhokelo kulwazi, izakhono nezithethe
(izinto ezixabisekileyo) ezinokufundwa ezikolweni zaseMzantsi Afrika. Le kharityhulam ijonge ukuqinisekisa
ukuba abafundi bafumana ulwazi bekwasebenzisa nezakhono ngeendlela ezihambelana nobomi babo
bemihla ngemihla. Kungoko ke le kharityhulam ikhuthaza uluvo lokusebenzisa kakhulu iimeko zalapha, kodwa
ibe ikwayise iso nemiba ebalulekileyo yehlabathi jikelele.
(b) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 yenza oku kulandelayo:
• Ixhobisa abafundi ngolwazi, izakhono nezithethe eziya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuzimela nokuthabatha
inxaxheba ekuhlaleni njengabemi belizwe elikhululekileyo; nokuba bavela kweyiphi imo yezentlalo, uhlanga,
isini, bekhangeleka njani ngokomzimba okanye bekuliphi inqanaba lengqiqo;
• Ivulela abafundi amathuba okuya kwimfundo ephakamileyo;
• Incedisa abafundi ukuba bakwazi ukuphuma kumaziko emfundo baye kumaziko omsebenzi; yaye
• Inika abaqeshi umfanekiso ocacileyo ngobuchule nolwazi abanalo abafundi.
(c) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 isekelwe phezu kwale mithetho-siseko ilandelayo:
• Ukuphuculwa kwezentlalo: ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuyalungiswa ukungalingani kwezemfundo okwabangelwa

lixesha lobandlululo, nokuba bonke abemi banikwa amathuba emfundo alinganayo;
• Ukufunda ngokubandakanyeka kusetyenziswa ingqiqo: ukukhuthaza indlela yokufundisa efuna abafundi

ukuba bathathe inxaxheba bebonakalisa ingqiqo, endaweni yokufunda ngokubethelela izimvo nokufunda
nje bengaziqiqisisi iinyaniso okanye izimvo abazinikwayo;

• Ulwazi nezakhono ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo: ukubekwa kweyona migangatho isezantsi yolwazi
nezakhono ekufuneka abafundi bezibonakalise kwibanga ngalinye, kananjalo nokumiselwa kwemigangatho
ephezulu enokufikelelwa kuzo zonke izifundo;
• Ukuqhubela phambili: umxholo wokufundwayo neemeko ekufundwa phantsi kwazo kwibanga ngalinye
ubonisa ukuqhubela phambili, ukususela kokulula ukuya koko kuntsonkothileyo;
• Amalungelo oluntu, uqukaniso, ukukhathalelwa kokusingqongileyo nobulungisa bezentlalo: ukufakwa

kwemithetho-siseko neendlela zokwenza ubulungisa kwezentlalo nokukhathalela indalo esingqongileyo
kwanamalungelo oluntu, njengoko ebekiwe kuMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika. INkcazelo
yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga 10-12 ibonakalisa uvakalelo kwimiba yeyantlukwano
enjengendlala, ukungalingani, uhlanga, isini, ulwimi, ubudala, ukuba nenkubazeko neminye imiba;
• Ukuxatyiswa kolwazi lwemveli: ukuthathela ingqalelo ubutyebi bembali kunye nelifa lemveli leli lizwe
njengeentsika zokuxhasa izithethe eziqulethwe nguMgaqo-siseko; kunye
• Nentembeko, umgangatho ophezulu, kunye negalelo elibonakalayo: ukunika imfundo enokuthelekiseka

neyamanye amazwe ngokomgangatho, ukunatyiswa kwanokungena nzulu kwayo kwimiba efundiswayo.
(d) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 ijonge ukuphuhlisa abafundi abakwaziyo:
• ukuchonga nokusombulula iingxaki bathabathe izigqibo besebenzisa ingqiqo nokucinga okubonakalisa

ubugcisa;
• ukusebenza ngempumelelo bebodwa naxa bekunye nabanye njengamalungu eqela;
• ukuzicwangcisa nokuzilawula bona buqu kunye nemisebenzi yabo, loo nto beyenza ngentembeko
nangempumelelo;
• ukuqokelela, ukuhlalutya, ukucwangcisa nokuhlaba amadlala ulwazi;
• ukunxibelelana nabanye ngempumelelo besebenzisa ubuchule bokubonwayo, bemiqondiso kunye/okanye

nezinye izakhono zolwimi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo;
• ukusebenzisa inzululwazi nobuchwepheshe ngempumelelo nangokubonisa ukuba noxanduva

ngokunengqiqo ekukhathaleleni indalo esingqongileyo nempilo yabanye; kunye
• nokubonisa ukuliqonda ihlabathi ukuba liyiseti yezinto ngezinto ezizalanayo ngokuqaphela ukuba iimeko
ezisonjululwa phantsi kwazo iingxaki azizimelanga zodwa geqe.
(e) Ukuqukaniswa kwemfundo kufuneka kube ngundoqo ekulungiseleleni, ekucwangciseni nasekufundiseni

kwisikolo ngasinye. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa bonke ootitshala benolwazi oluphangaleleyo malunga
nendlela yokuqonda nokusombulula izidingo zokufunda kunye nendlela yokucwangcisela abafundi
abangafaniyo.
Undoqo ekulawuleni ukuqukaniswa kwemfundo kukuqinisekisa ukuba izidingo ziyachongwa zize zisonjululwe
ngawo onke amaqela enkxaso efanelekileyo asesikolweni, aquka ootitshala, amagosa esithili, amaQela
eNkxaso amaZiko athile, abazali neZikolo zabaFundi abaneeMfuno eZizodwa njengamaZiko aXhobisa
ngoLwazi. Ukusombulula izidingo eklasini, ootitshala mabasebenzise iindlela ngeendlela zokujongana
neyantlukwano kwikharityhulam, ndlela ezo zifana nezo zikuxwebhu lweSebe leMfundo esisisiSeko oluthi
Guidelines for Inclusive Teaching and Learning (2010).
5
1.4 UKwabiwa kweXesha
1.4.1 IsiGaba esisisiSeko
(a) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa kwisiGaba esisisiSeko lumi ngolu hlobo:
IBANGA R IBANGA 1-2 IBANGA 3

ISIFUNDO
(IIYURE) (IIYURE) (IIYURE)
ULwimi lwaseKhaya 10 8/7 8/7
ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 2/3 3/4
IMathematika 7 7 7
IzaKhono zoBomi 6 6 7
• ULwazi olusisiSeko (1) (1) (1)
• EzobuGcisa (2) (2) (2)
• EzemiThambo (2) (2) (2)
• UkuziPhatha neNtlalo (1) (1) (1)
LILONKE 23 23 25
(b) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa leBanga R, 1 nelesi-2 ziiyure ezingama-23. KwiBanga lesi-3 ziiyure ezingama-25.
(c) IBanga R-2 labelwe iiyure ezilishumi, zize zibe li-11 kwiBanga lesi-3. ULwimi lwaseKhaya lwabelwe ezona
lwimi yure zininzi ezisi-8 nezona zimbalwa ezisi-7; luze uLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lwabelwe ezona zimbalwa
zibe 2 zize ezona zininzi zibe 3 kwiBanga 1-2. KwiBanga lesi-3 ezona yure zininzi zisi-8, zize zibe si-7 ezona
zimbalwa kuLwimi lwaseKhaya; kanti kuLwimi oloNgezelelweyo ezona zimbalwa zi-3, zize ezona zininzi
zibe 4.
(d) IMathematika yabelwe iiyure ezisi-7.
(e) KwizaKhono zoBomi, uLwazi lokuQala lwabelwe iyure e-1 kwiBanga R - 2, zi-2 kwiBanga lesi-3, njengoko
kubonisiwe kwizibiyeli kwiBanga.
1.4.2 IsiGaba esiPhakathi
(a) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa kwisiGaba esiPhakathi limi ngolu hlobo:
ISIFUNDO IIYURE
ULwimi lwaseKhaya 6
ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 5
IMathematika 6
INzululwazi nobuChwepheshe (neTeknoloji) beNdalo 3,5
INzululwazi yezeNtlalo 3
IzaKhono zoBomi 4
• EzobuGcisa (1,5)
• EzemiThambo (1)
• UkuziPhatha neNtlalo (1,5)
LILONKE 27,5
Izikolo ezikhethe ukufundisa isiXhosa ulwimi lwesibini olongezelelweyo, zingakwenza oko xa kukho

isicwangciso sexesha elongezelelweyo kwelo limiselweyo lizi yure eziyi 27.5
1.4.3 IsiGaba esiPhezulu
(a) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa kwisiGaba esiPhezulu lumi ngolu hlobo:
ISIFUNDO IIYURE
ULwimi lwaseKhaya 5
ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 4
IMathematika 4,5
INzululwazi yezeNdalo 3
INzululwazi yezeNtlalo 3
UbuChwepheshe (iTeknoloji) 2
INzululwazi yoLawulo lwezoQoqosho 2
IsiFundo ngezoBomi 2
EzobuGcisa 2
LILONKE 27,5
Izikolo ezikhethe ukufundisa isiXhosa ulwimi lwesibini olongezelelweyo, zingakwenza oko xa kukho
isicwangciso sexesha elongezelelweyo kwelo limiselweyo lizi yure eziyi 27.5
1.4.4 IBanga 10-12
(a) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa iBanga 10-12 lumi ngolu hlobo:
IZIFUNDO IIYURE
ULwimi lwaseKhaya 4.5
ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 4.5
IMathematika 4.5
IsiFundo ngezoBomi 2
Ubuncinane bazo naziphi izifundo ezithathu ezikhethwe 12 (3x4yr)

kwiQela B isiHlomelo B, iiTheyibhile B1 - B8 zoxwebhu
lwepolisi oluthi, National policy pertaining to the
programme and promotion requirements of the National
Curriculum Statement Grades R-12, ngokuxhomekeke
kwimigaqo ebekwe kumhlathi wama-28 wolu xwebhu
lwepolisi.
LILONKE 27,5
Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa ngeveki malisetyenziselwe ukufundisa izifundo ngokweemfuno zezifundo

zeNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 (NKS) ezichatshazelwe apha ngasentla, hayi
ezinye izifundo ezongezelelweyo. Ukuba umfundi ufuna ukongeza izifundo, makongezelwe elinye ixesha lezo
zifundo azongezileyo.
7
ICANDELO 2: UKwazisa iiLwimi
2.1 Iilwimi ngokweNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola
Ulwimi sisixhobo sokucinga nonxibelelwano. Lukwayindlela yokusebenzisa amasiko, izithethe nobugcisa abantu
abadla ngokwabelana ngayo ukuze baliqonde ngcono ilizwe abaphila kulo. Ukufunda ukusebenzisa ulwimi
ngokuchanekileyo kuxhobisa abafundi ukuze bakwazi ukufumana ulwazi, ukuzivakalisa ukuba bangoobani,
iimvakalelo neembono zabo, ukunxibelelana ngokukuko nabanye nokuzilawulela ilizwe labo. Le nto yenza abafundi
babe noluhlu lwemifanekiso neengcinga ezityebileyo, ezinamandla nezizinzileyo eziya kubanceda ekwenzeni
ilizwe labo litshintshe kwinto eliyiyo; libe ngcono; licace ngaphezu kokuba licacile. Ulwimi yindlela yokudandalazisa
iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo nobudlelwane kwezentlalo, obo budlelwane bunokuguqulwa, bandiswe, buphuculwe
lulwimi.
Imigangatho yolwimi
Ukufunda ngeelwimi kwiBanga 10-12 kuquka zonke iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni zaseMzantsi Afrika, - iAfrikaans,
English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu, Sepedi (Sesotho sa Leboa), Sesotho, Setswana, Siswati, Tshivenda Xitsonga
nezinye ezingezozaseMzantsi Afrika ezi zezi: iArabic, French, German, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Latin, Modern
Greek, Portuguese, Spanish, Tamil, Urdu.Iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni zingafundiswa ngokwale migangatho; ulwimi
lasekhaya, ulwimi lokuqala olongezelelweyo nolwimi lwesibini olongezelelweyo. Iilwimi ezingezozaseMzantsi Africa
zingafundiswa kumgangatho wolwimi lwesibini olongezelelweyo apho zinokukhuliswa khona.
Ukufundiswa kolwimi kwiBanga 4–9 kuquka zonke iilwimi zaseMzantsi Afrika. Zonke ezi lwimi zaseMzantsi
Afrika zingafundiswa kwinqanaba loLwimi lwaseKhaya, ulwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo noLwimi lwesiBini
oloNgezelelweyo. Iilwimi ezingezozaseMzantsi Afrika zingafundiswa kwinqanaba loLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo
apho ziphuhlisiweyo ezi lwimi.
Umgangatho woLwimi lwaseKhaya unika abafundi izakhono ezingundoqo zokunxibelelana nabanye abantu
ezifuneka kwimo yasekuhlaleni nezakhono zokuqonda zokusetyenziswa kolwimi zemfundo ezifunekayo
ngokwekharityhulam jikelele. Ugxininiso lusekufundisweni kwezi zakhono: ukuphulaphula, ukuthetha, ukufunda,
ukubhala kulo mgangatho. Lo mgangatho ukwanika abafundi amathuba okufunda uncwadi nobugcisa nengqikelelo
eya kubenza bakwazi ukuyila, ukuqikelela nokuxhobisa ukuqonda kwabo ilizwe abaphila kulo. Kodwa ugxininiso
nomlinganiselo wokuphulaphula nokuthetha ukususela kwiBanga lesi-7 ukuya phezulu ungaphantsi kwalowo
wezakhono zokufunda nokubhala.
Umgangatho woLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo uthatha ngokuba abafundi basenokuba abanalwazi kwaphela
ngolu lwimi xa befika esikolweni. Kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala yasesikolweni kugxilwa kakhulu ekukhuliseni
izakhono zabafundi zokuqonda nokukwazi ukuluthetha olu lwimi - izakhono ezingundoqo zokunxibelelana nabanye
abantu. KwiBanga lesi-2 nelesi-3 abafundi baqala ukwandisa ulwazi (ilitheresi) kwesi siseko sokunxibelelana
ngomlomo. Bakwasebenzisa izakhono zelitheresi abasele bezifunde kuLwimi lwabo lwaseKhaya.
KwisiGaba esiPhakathi nesiPhezulu, abafundi bayaqhuba nokuqinisa izakhono zabo zokuphulaphula, ukuthetha,
ukufunda nokubhala. Bakwasebenza nangakumbi ngoncwadi baqale ukukhulisa ukukwazi kwabo ukonwabela
ubuhle bobugcisa nengqikelelo ngoLwimi lwabo oLongezelelweyo.

Ngethuba abafundi befika kwiBanga le-10, kufuneka babe sele bekwazi ukulusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo
uLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo ngokubhekiselele kwizakhono zokunxibelelana nabantu kunye nezokuqonda
izifundo. Kodwa ke kucacile ukuba abafundi abaninzi abanakukwazi ukunxibelelana kakuhle ngoLwimi lwabo
lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo kweli nqanaba. Ngoko ke, umngeni weBanga 10-12 kukunika aba bafundi inkxaso
kodwa bekwanikwa ikharityhulam evumela ukuba abafundi bafezekise imigangatho efunekayo kwiBanga le-12. Le
migangatho mayenziwe ngendlela yokuba abafundi balusebenzise kwinqanaba elingasentla ulwimi olongezelelweyo
ukwenzela ukubalungiselela imfundo yamaziko emfundo ephakamileyo okanye ilizwe lomsebenzi.
Umgangatho woLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo uthatha ngokuba abafundi basenokuba abanalwazi kwaphela
ngolu lwimi xa befika esikolweni. Ugxininiso lokufundiswa kolwimi lwesibini olongezelelweyo lusekukhuliseni
izakhono zabafundi zokuqonda nokukwazi ukuluthetha olu lwimi - izakhono ezingundoqo zokunxibelelana
nabanye abantu. KwiBanga lesi-4 nelesi-6 abafundi baqala ukhulisa izakhono zabo zeorali nezolwazi (ilitheresi).
Bakwasebenzisa izakhono zeorali nezolwazi / zelitheresi abasele bezifunde kuLwimi lwabo lwaseKhaya noLwimi
lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo.
KwiBanga 10-12, abafundi bayaqhubekeka nokukhulisa izakhono zabo zokuphulaphula nokuthetha nethuba
bekhulisa izakhono zabo zokufunda nokubhala.
2.2 Iinjongo ezicacileyo zokufunda iiLwimi ezoNgezelelweyo
Ukufunda uLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo makwenze abafundi bakwazi:
• Ukufunda izakhono zolwimi eziyimfuneko ukuze banxibelelane ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo

bethathela ingqalelo abantu abafumana ulwazi, abaphulaphuli, injongo nomxholo;
• Ukuphulaphula, ukuthetha, ukufunda/ukubukela nokubhala/ukunikezela ngokuzithemba nangokonwaba. Ezi

zakhono nezi ndlela zokucinga zisisiseko sokufunda kubomi gabalala;
• Ukubeka izimvo, iimbono neemvakalelo zabo ngomlomo nangokubhaliweyo ngokuzithemba bezixhasa

ukwenzela ukuba babe ngabantu abacinga ngokukhululekileyo nabaqiqayo;
• Ukusebenzisa ulwimi nengqikelelo yabo ukuzikhangela nangakumbi nokufunda banzi ngelizwe

elibangqongileyo. Le nto iya kubenza bakwazi ukuthetha ngamava abo nezinto abazifunde ngobomi, loo nto
beyenza ngomlomo nangokubhala;
• Ukusebenzisa ulwimi njengesixhobo sokuzingela nokusebenzisa ulwazi abalufumeneyo nakwezinye izifundo

gabalala. Isakhono sokukwazi ukuqokelela nokucwangcisa ulwazi olufumeneyo sisiseko sokuphila kule mihla
‘yempucuko nolwazi’ sikwasisiseko sokufunda kubomi gabalala; kunye
• Nokusebenzisa ulwimi njengesixhobo sokucinga nzulu; ukwenzela ukuvakalisa izimvo zabo kwimiba yeendlela
ezifanelekileyo zokuziphatha nezithethe zentlalo; ukufunda ngokuqiqa uluhlu lweetekisi; ukucela umngeni
kwiindlela ezibonwa ngayo izinto, izithethe namagunya asekuhlaleni akwiitekisi; nasekufundeni iitekisi
befundela iinjongo ngeenjongo, ezifana nokuzonwabisa, uphando, ukuhlalutya.
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2.3 Amagqabantshintshi ngeKharityhulam yolwimi
Le kharityhulam ilungiswe ngokwezi zakhono, umxholo neendlela zokufundisa zilandelayo.
Izakhono zolwimi imixholo nemigaqo

UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha UkuFunda nokuBukela
Ukuphulaphula Inkqubo nobuchule bokufunda nokubukela:
Inkqubo yokuphulaphula Inkqubo yokufunda
• Phambi kokuphulaphula: • Phambi kokufunda:
Ubuchule bokulungisa abafundi belungiselelwa ukuphulaphula, Ubuchule bokulungisa abafundi ubalungiselela ukufunda, umz.
- Ukubakhumbuza ngolwazi abanalo, - Ukuba khumbuza ngolwazi abanalo,
- Ukuthekelela, - Ukuthekelela
- Ukuzilungiselela ngokwasemzimbeni. - Ukukrwaqula izihloko
• Ngeli xesha uphulaphuleyo: • Ngeli xesha ufundayo:
- Ukuphulaphulela ukufumana ulwazi oluthile. - Kufunda eklasini bexhaswa ngutitshala ngokubabuza
imibuzo;
- Ukuphulaphulela ukuhlalutya nokuphonononga
- Uphuhliso lweendlela,
- Ukuphulaphulela unxibelelwano
- Ukugxininisa kukhetho lwamagama,
- Ukuphulaphulela ukuncoma
- Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi, imiqondiso njalo njalo.
• Emva kokuphulaphula:
• Emva kokufunda:
- Ukuphendula imibuzo,
- Ukuhlalutywa kwetekisi ngokupheleleyo kusetyenziswa
- Ukuphicotha amanqaku, ubuchule obunjengokuyondelelanisa,
- Ukusebenzisa ulwazi (umz. Ukuleyibhelisha umfanekiso) - Ukushwankathela,
- Ukushwankathela, - Ukuthelekisa nokuchasanisa,
- Ukuthelekelela nokuthabatha izigqibo ngento, - Ukuthabatha isigqibo,
- Ukuphendla/ukuphonononga, - Ukuphengulula/ukuphendla,
- Ukuphawula nzulu - Ukuthabatha izigqibo,
- Ukuveza ezakho izimvo
• Ukufunda ngokunzulu
Ukuthetha
• Ukufunda okusesikweni kweetekisi zoncwadi
• Inkqubo nobuchule bokuthetha:
• Ukufunda/ukubukela okuzimeleyo okongezelelweyo
- Ukucwangcisa, ukuphanda nokulungisa izimvo nolwazi.
- Ulungiselela nokunikezela
• Ukuthetha okusesikweni nokunikezela Ukubhala nokunikezela
• Ukuthetha okungekho sesikweni nomsebenzi weqela • Inkqubo yokubhala
• Iimpawu nemigaqo yeetekisi zonxibelelwano zeorali • Ukucwangcisa / Phambi kokuba ubhale -
• Iintetho ezisetyenziswa kwincoko • Ukuyila / ukwenza iidrafti,
• Ukuhlaziya,
• Ukulungisa iziphene
• Ukuhlela
• Nokunikezela
• Abafundi basebenzisa ulwazi lwabo lwezakhi nemigaqo
yolwimi kwiteekisi ezibhaliweyo
• Iintlobo zeetekisi - isakhiwo nolwimi
Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi zifundiswa kumxholo wezi zakhono zidweliswe apha ngasentla kwaye ziyinxalenye
yenkqubo emiselweyo yokwakha ulwimi. Oku kuquka ukukhethwa kwamagama, upelo, ukwakhiwa kwezivakalisi, iimpawu
zokubhala, umz. iziphumlisi, ubhalo lomhlathi, ukuhlaziya izakhi zolwimi ezifundwe kumabanga angaphambili nokufundiswa
kwezitsha (jonga uLuhlu lokuBonisa)

2.4 Ukufundiswa koLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo
Ukuze ukwazi ukufunda ulwimi olongezelelweyo kufuneka uziqhelanise nalo kangangoko. Ootitshala kufuneka
baqiniseke ukuba abafundi baphulaphula ze bafunde ulwimi olongezelelwayo kwimeko ngeemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Bafuna amathuba okuphulaphula uLwimi oloNgezelelweyo besenzela ukufumana ulwazi nokuqonda (umz. iindaba),
ukuzonwabisa (umz. ibali okanye ingoma). Ngaphezulu kwako konke, bafuna amathuba okufunda nokubukela
ulwimi olongezelelweyo besenzela ukufumana ulwazi nokuqonda (umz. ingcaciso ngomfanekiso okhaphayo),
ulonwabo (umz. imagazini) uncwadi oluncomayo (umz. umbongo). Uphando luveza ukuba eyona ndlela ibalulekileyo
yokwakha isigama kukufunda ngamandla. Noko kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba iitekisi zomlomo / zeorali, ezibhalwayo
nezibonwayo zibe kumgangatho olungele bafundi. Ukuba iitekisi zinzima, abafundi abayi kukhuthazeka kwaye abayi
kufunda nto; kanti naxa zilula aziyi kubacela mngeni kwaye kuya kuba kuncinci okufundwayo. Indima ebalulekileyo
katitshala wolwimi kukulungelelanisa umgangatho wetekisi nomgangatho womfundi. KwisiGaba seFET, abafundi
mabaphulaphule ze bafunde iitekisi ezinobunzima obuya bukhula ngokukhula.
Abafundi kufuneka balusebenzise rhoqo ulwimi lwabo olongezelelweyo ngokwemeko ezahlukeneyo. Bafuna
amathuba okuluthetha olu Lwimi loNgezelelweyo bethetha nabanye abantu (umz. incoko, ileta), ukukhulisa ubuchule
babo nezakhono zobugcisa (umz. ukwenza umbongo, ukulinganisa, ukubalisa okanye ukubhala ibali, njalo njalo),
ukuphuhlisa izakhono zengqiqo / zokucinga zemfundo (umz. ukuthatha ukunika uluvo, ukubhala ingxelo emfutshane)
kunye nokubalungisela amathuba omsebenzi (umz. ukuthatha inxaxheba kudliwano-ndlebe, isivi). Okubaluleke
nangakumbi kwisiGaba seFET, abafundi kufuneka banikwe amathuba okubhalela ukunxibelelana nabanye (umz.
ileta), ukukhulisa izakhono zabo zengqikelelo (umz. ibali), ukukhulisa izakhono zokuqiqa zemfundo (umz. isincoko
esixoxayo) nokuzilungiselela ilizwe lomsebenzi (umz. ukubhala ileta yesicelo nokulungisa isivi efanelekileyo).
Abafundi mabayazi injongo abayibhalelayo nabantu abababhalelayo KwisiGaba seFET siphela, abafundi mababhale
ngokuqhubekayo iitekisi ezinobunzima. Kuyimfuneko ukuba abafundi bafumane ingxelo rhoqo malunga nokubhala
kwabo ukuze bazi ukuba kufuneka belungise phi, kanjani. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kutitshala wolwimi kukunikezela
ngeyona ngxelo ikumgangatho ophezulu esuka kokona kuhlola kusulungekileyo.
Ootitshala mabakhulise izakhono zokufunda nokubhala kubafundi ukuze babe ngabafundi nababhali abazimeleyo
kubomi babo gabalala. Umzekelo, bangabafundisa abafundi ukukrwaqula nokubalekisa amehlo kwitekisi (ukuskima
nokuskena); bangababuza imibuzo eyakha izinga eliphezulu lokufunda; ukufundisa abafundi inkqubo yokubhala,
bangafundisa abafundi ulwazi olunzulu ngolwimi; banike ingxelo eyenza abafundi bazazi apho banamandla khona
nalapho banzinyelwa khona ukuze bakwazi ukuqhubela phambili.
Abafundi kufuneka bazazi iziseko zolwimi: igrama, isigama, upelo neempawu zokubhala, umz. iziphumlisi. Ootitshala
baza kuzifundisa gabalala ezi zigaba zolwimi bezifundisa ngokusemxholweni. Umzekelo, ukwenza abafundi bazi
ngezakhiwo neempawu zenkcazelo (ibhalwe kwixesha langoku, kodwa isixando sokwenziwa singasetyenziswa;
izihlanganisi ezifana no’ukuba’, ‘ngoko ke’ zingasetyenziswa). Kananjalo kukwakho indawo yokufundisa imiba
esisiseko ngokuthe ngqo/ngokucacileyo, umz. xa abafundi beqhubeka nokwenza iimpazamo kumba othile wegrama,
kusenokunyanzeleka ukuba bafundiswe ngqo banikwe nexesha lokuziqhelanisa nayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula
ukuba indima yokufundiswa kokusetyenziswa kolwimi kukuxhasa ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwalo, kwaye
alinaxabiso xa lifundiswa lizimele.
Xa ecwangcisela iiveki ezimbini zesifundo, utitshala makanxulumanise izakhono zolwimi, ngokunjalo neziseko zolwimi.
Makakhethe uhlobo lwetekisi nesihloko esiya kunika umdla kubafundi. Kuncinane okunokufundwa xa abafundi
bengabandakanywa yaye bengakhuthazwa. Umzekelo, isihloko esimalunga nesincoko esichazayo sinokuthi, ‘Isipho
ebendikhe ndasifumana’. Utitshala angasiqala esi sihloko ngokuphulaphula kunye/okanye nokufunda, esakha
ulwazi lolwimi nesigama esiyimfuneko ekuthetheni. Umzekelo, abafundi bangafunda amanqaku athetha ngezimvo
ezahlukeneyo ngokunika nokufumana izipho baze baxoxe ngesi sihloko. Bakuba abafundi beluqonda ulwimi
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olufuneka kwesi sihloko, bangaqala ukubhala isincoko. Oku kungabanika amathuba okusebenza ngolwimi. Utitshala
makabanike ingxelo malunga nayo yonke le nkqubo, aze ekugqibeleni abanike umsebenzi wokuhlola ofanelekileyo.
KwiBanga 10-12, kubalulekile ukuba:
• Kubekho ugxininiso ekufundeni nasekuthetheni.
• Kubekho inkxaso eqhubekekayo ekwakheni isigama, ukwakhiwa kwezivakali nemihlathi kunye negrama
• Abafundi basebenze ngeedidi zeetekisi ezahlukeneyo, tekisi ezo zahlukileyo ngamaqondo obunzima ngokuya
bengena kumabanga alandelayo.
• Abafundi bakulungele ngokupheleleyo ukuhlalela iimviwo zeBanga le-12
2.4.1 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha
Ukukwazi ukuphulaphula nokuthetha ngokufanelekileyo kungundoqo wokwandisa ubudlelwane. Ngokugxininisa

kwimisebenzi yokuphulaphula, ootitshala bancedisa abafundi ekwakheni iindlela eziya kubanceda:
• Ukukwazi/ukuqonda nokusebenzisa ulwazi oluthethwayo, umz. ukuphulaphula nokuleyibhelisha umzobo
• Ukubhala/ ukurekhoda ulwazi, umz. ukuthabatha amanqaku
• Ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngokuthetha xa kusakhiwa ulwazi, ukusombulula iingxaki nokuveza iimvakalelo

nezimvo
• Ukuqonda izimvo, iimvakalelo neembalo zobugcisa zabanye
• Apho kuyimfuneko, ukucela umngeni kwindlela abanye abantu ababona ngayo izinto uze uphendle ubudlelwane
bezentlalo namagunya asetyenziswa xa kuthethwa.
KwiBanga 10-12 abafundi baza kukukhulisa izakhono zokuthetha ezifumaneke kumabanga angezantsi ezibenza babe
nokuzithemba nokujongana neemeko ezithile. Ingqwalasela yabo ngezinto iyakhula. Apho abafundi bangakwaziyo
ukusebenzisana nezithethi zolwimi olongezelelweyo, kufuneka baziqhelise iindlela ngeendlela zokuthetha ezingekho
sesikweni nezo zisesikweni eklasini. Ootitshala kufuneka ukuba bakhe isigama nezakhi zolwimi ezifunekayo ukuze
abafundi benze oku. Ukuthetha kungangunobangela wenkxalabo kwizithethi zolwimi olongezelelweyo, ngako oko
imeko yaseklasini mayibe yexhasayo nebenza bakhululeke, bangoyiki abafundi. Izihloko esisemxholweni, nezitsala
umdla/ezidlwengula umxhelo zingayikhuthaza le meko ngokwenza ukuba abafundi bangahlali bezibambile eklasini.
Iindlela ngeendlela zokufundisa ezikhuthaza abafundi ekubuzeni nasekuphenduleni imibuzo nokuxoxa, ziya
kubanceda ukuze bazive bekhululekile xa besenza imisebenzi yokuthetha esesikweni.
Inkqubo yokuthetha/yokuphulaphula mayibandakanywe nezinye izakhono. Abafundi mabaqheliswe isigama esitsha,

izakhiwo nezinye iindidi zeetekisi phambi kokuba kulindeleke ukuba bazivelise okanye bazenze. Mabaphulaphule
okanye bafunde iitekisi ezibonisa izakhi nesigama ekulindeleke ukuba basisebenzise xa bethetha naxa bebhala ze
banikwe amathuba okuziqhelisa.
KwiBanga 10-12, ootitshala mabakuvelele ukuphulaphula njengomsebenzi onezigaba ezithathu:
• Phambi kokuphulaphula
• Ngeli xesha uphulaphuleyo

• Emva kokuphulaphula
Ukuthetha kwenzeka ngokungekho sesikweni eklasini, umz. kumsebenzi wamaqela. Abafundi bafuna amathuba
okuziqhelisa kwiincoko ezingekho sesikweni abasenokungazifumani eklasini. Ootitshala mabafundise besebenzisa
indlela esesikweni yokuthetha nokunikezela, umz. intetho elungiselelweyo naleyo ingalungiselelwanga, ukufunda
ngokukhwaza, udliwano-ndlebe, ingxoxo-mpikiswano, njalo njalo. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka kube yinkqubo enezigaba
ezibini:
• Ukucwangcisa, ukuphanda nokulungisa izimvo nolwazi
• Ukunikezela: ukubonisa ukuqonda abaphulaphuli nomxholo; ukusebenzisa izakhi nemigaqo yolwimi

ngokufanelekileyo; ukwenza intetho / ukunikezela okucacileyo, ukusebenzisa ubuchule bokuthetha ngomlomo
nokungekokomlomo.
2.4.2 UkuFunda nokuBukela
KwiBanga le-10 abafundi mababe ngabafundi abazimeleyo nabazithembileyo bolwimi lokuqala olongezelelweyo,
bazikhethele iitekisi ezizezabo ezitsala umdla nezimnandi kubo. Nangona kunjalo le nto isenokungenzeki kubo
bonke abafundi. Ekuqaleni konyaka, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola izinga lokuqonda labafundi nokucwangcisela ukufundisa
kwakhe ngendlela eyiyo neyamkelekileyo.
KwiBanga 10-12, ootitshala mabakuvelele ukufunda njengomsebenzi onezigaba ezithathu:
• Phambi kokufunda
• Ngeli xesha ufundayo
• Emva kokufunda
Iitekisi ezisetyenziswa ekufundeni mazisetyenziswe njengemizekelo yokubhala. Umzekelo abafundi bangafunda

ingxoxo/ itekisi evelela amacala omabini esihloko, “Utywala budala umonakalo omkhulu eluntwini - buyekiswe?”
Bangafunda itekisi besebenzisa ezi zigaba zithathu. Kwisigaba sesibini esithi ‘Ngeli xesha ufundayo’ bangacalula
isakhiwo neempawu zolwimi zohlobo olo lwetekisi. KwisiFundo sokuBhala bangabhala ingxoxo/itekisi evelela
amacala omabini eyeyabo ngesihloko esahlukileyo. Kule kharutyhulam kukho ingqwalaselo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo
zokufunda: Okokuqala, abafundi mabaziqhelanise nokufunda ngokunzulu iitekisi ezimfutshane besenzela ukuziqonda,
ukuthabatha amanqaku, ushwankathelo nofundo olunzulu ngolwimi.
Ezi tekisi zithatyathwa kuluhlu olubanzi lwemithombo yokubhaliweyo nokubonwayo, efana neenoveli, amabali
amafutshane namanqaku, izibhengezo/ iintengiso, igrafu, iikhathuni, iifoto okanye iikliphu zefilim. Kwiitekisi
ezibhalwayo abafundi mabaziqhelanise kwaye basebenzise izakhono zokukrwaqula/zokuskima, ukubalekisa amehlo
kwitekisi/ukuskena nokufunda okunzulu. Kungaqwalaselwa ngakumbi iimpawu zolwimi zezo tekisi ukwenzela
ufundo olubandakanyayo lolwimi. Umzekelo, ukuba kukhethwe ikholam yokucebisa (advice column) ukuba ifundwe
ngokunzulu, imiba yolwimi ehlanganisiweyo inokuba zizilabalabi (umz. ‘khawuqale ngoku...,’ ‘masithethe ngawe’).
Okwesibini, abafundi baza kufunda uncwadi, begxininise kwiimpawu zenkcubeko zeetekisi ezo zifana nemibongo,
imidlalo, iifilim, iinoveli namabali amafutshane. Ufundo loncwadi lwenza abafundi ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba
ngokuzeleyo kwiitekisi zenkcubeko nobugcisa baze baphicothe oko kwenziwayo ngenxa yale meko.
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KwiBanga 10 -12 abafundi bangafunda amabali amafutshane / isihobe / inoveli emfutshane / idrama emfutshane.
Okwesithathu, abafundi mabathabathe inxaxheba kufundo olunzulu lwendidi ngeendidi zeetekisi ezibhaliweyo
nezibonwayo. Mabazazi ukuba bafikelela njani eklasini, esikolweni okanye kumathala eencwadi (kwiilayibrari)
nakwiifilim neintanethi apho ikhoyo. Ootitshala mababakhokelele abafundi ekukhetheni iitekisi ezikumgangatho
ofanelekileyo ezitsala umdla nezifumaneka lula. Utyelelo lwamathala encwadi, imibutho yencwadi, amathala encwadi
aseklasini, iimagazini namaphephandaba arhunyelweyo okanye abawaphiweyo aseklasini, zonke ezi zinto zixhasa
lo mba wenkqubo yokufunda.
2.4.3 Ukubhala nokunikezela
Xa unyaka uqala, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola indlela ababhala ngayo abafundi. Ootitshala banokufumanisa ukuba
kufuneka benze utshintsho kwezinye iziseko zokubhala, umzekelo, ukubhalwa kwemihlathi, ukwakhiwa kwezivakalisi
nesiphumlisi. Kungayimfuneko ukuba abafundi baqhube nokunikwa isikhokelo nokuziqhelanisa unyaka wonke.
Inqanaba lokuqala lokufundisa ukubhala kukukhetha uhlobo lwetekisi olufanelekileyo. Ootitshala mabakhethe iindidi
zetekisi ezikumgangatho webanga elo xa befundisa. Iindidi ezithile zeetekisi zilungele ukusetyenziswa xa ubhala
imihlathi emifutshane umz, ileta okanye i-imeyile. Ezinye iindidi zeetekisi ezifana nesincoko esibalisayo okanye
esichazayo zifaneleke ngakumbi xa kufuneka iitekisi ezinde. Abafundi mababhale iitekisi ngeetekisi bebhalela
iinjongo ezahlukeneyo: isiphiwo sokuyila, unxibelelwano nabantu nezinxulumene nomsebenzi.
Ootitshala kufuneka bacwangcisele ukuba itekisi ekhethiweyo ifundiswa njani. Oko kuquka la manyathelo alandelayo:
• Ukwazisa isihloko, ilizwe lam “Musa ukusebenzisa iziyobisi!” kwisincoko esicengayo; oku kuquka ukwaziswa
kwesigama esitsha esihambelana nesihloko nomgangatho.
• Ukujongisisa umzekelo wesincoko esichazayo kwisihloko esahlukileyo ze ucalu-calule isakhiwo neempawu

zolwimi.
• Ukuxoxa ngeenjongo, abaphulaphuli nemeko leyo iza kucacisa malunga nesimbo nerejista.
• Ukuxoxa ngemilinganiselo utitshala nabafundi abaza kuyisebenzisa xa behlola isincoko esicengayo.
• Ukuqokelela ulwazi nokuphanda ngesihloko. Eli lelinye ithuba lokwakha isigama.
• Ukwenza idratfi yesincoko nokufumana ingxelo kumlingane okanye kutitshala.
• Ukuhlaziya ukuhlela nokulungisa iziphene kwisincoko: ukujonga nokulungisa igrama, upelo neempawu
zokubhala, umz. iziphumlisi.
Ukuze abhale kakuhle, umfundi ufuna ulwazi ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetekisi, ulwazi olubanzi ngesigama, ulwazi
olunzulu ngegrama, upelo neempawu zokubhala (umz. iziphumlisi); nolwazi olunzulu lwefuthe elinokubangelwa yinto
ayibhalileyo.
2.4.4 Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Izakhono zokuphulaphula, zokuthetha, zokufunda nokubhala azinakusetyenziswa ngaphandle kolwazi lwesakhiwo

solwimi nokuziqhelisa ukusisebenzisa. Abafundi kufuneka babe nolwazi olubanzi lwesigama oluya kubenza bakwazi
ukuthetha kakuhle ulwimi olongezelelweyo. Ulwazi olubanzi ngesigama lubalulekile kwizakhono zonke zolwimi
ngakumbi ukufunda nokubhala. Eyona ndlela inokusetyenziswa ngokukuko ngabafundi ukuphuhlisa ulwimi nesigama

kukufunda iitekisi ezininzi xa useklasini naxa ungekho seklasini. Njengoko sibona apha ngasentla, ootitshala kufuneka
bazinike ithuba elaneleyo lokugxininisa ukufunda kwinkqubo yoLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo.
Ulwimi nesigama zikwafuna ukufundiswa ngokweemeko / ngokwemixholo nemisebenzi kugxininiswa kulwimi

olusetyenzisiweyo kwitekisi. Zingafundiswa kwimeko njengenxalenye yesifundo sesicatshulwa esifundwayo, apho
kukho ukugxininiswa kumhlomlo omfutshane. Eminye imibuzo ebuzwa ngutitshala iya kugxila ekusetyenzisweni
kolwimi kwitekisi leyo. Oku kuvulela utitshala nabafundi ithuba lokuhlola indlela ulwimi olusetyenziswe ngayo nefuthe
layo. Ulwimi nesigama zisengafundiswa kwimeko yokubhala. Umzekelo, xa iklasi icakaca uhlobo / udidi lwetekisi
bangajonga isakhiwo neempawu. Xa bexoxa ngeempawu, baya kujonga ukukhethwa kwesigama nolwimi, oko
kukuthi, kwirejista esetyenzisiweyo. Xa abafundi belungisa iziphene naxa behlela umsebenzi abawubhalileyo, baya
kusebenzisa ulwazi lwabo lolwimi nesigama. Utitshala kuya kufuneka abanike ingxelo abafundi ukubancedisa kule
nkqubo.
Makubekho nemisebenzi eza kugxininisa kuphela kulwimi nesigama njengenkqubo emisiweyo nokuphendula
iimpazamo ezifanayo ezichongwa ngutitshala. Ulwimi mayifundiselwe injongo ethile: ugxininiso lube kwintsingiselo
nakubume. Umzekelo, isenziwa (isixando sokwenziwa) sisetyenziswa xa injongosenzi ibaluleke kakhulu kunentloko
kwaye ufuna ukwenza injongosenzi intloko yesivakalisi, okanye xa umdlali engaziwa, engabalulekanga okanye
kungekho mfuneko yokuba ade axelwe. Umz “Igolide yayiveliswa eWitwatersrand’ okanye ‘Ivenkile iqhekeziwe
kubusuku obudlulileyo” Iimpawu zokubhala (iziphumlisi) mazifundiswe ngokunxulumeneyo nesakhiwo sesivakalisi.
Abafundi mabakhuthazwe ukuba basebenzise izichazi-magama ezilulwimi lunye nezi lwimi-mbini. Mabakhuthazwe
ukuba babhale amagama amatsha abadibana nawo kwiincwadi zesigama babethelele entloko upelo neentsingiselo
zawo. Makubekho uhlaziyo rhoqo lwesigama nopelo olufana neemvavanyo, ukubuzwa kwemibuzo emifutshane
(quizzes).
2.5 Iindlela zokufundiswa kolwimi
Iindlela zokufundiswa kolwimi kula maxwebhu zezisekelwe kwiitekisi, indlela yokufundisa ulwimi ngokulusebenzisa,
nezifundisa ngokwenkqubo.
Indlela yokufundisa esekelwe kwiitekisi kunye nendlela yokufundisa ulwimi ngokulusebenzisa zixhomekeke
kakhulu kusetyenziso rhoqo noveliso lweendidi ngeendidi zeetekisi.
Indlela yokufundisa esekelwe kwiitekisi ifundisa abafundi ukuba babe ngababhali nabafundi abagqwesileyo,
abazithembileyo nabaqiqayo. Oku kubandakanya ukuphulaphula, ukufunda, ukubukela nokuhlalutya iitekisi
ukwenzela ukuqonda indlela eziveliswe ngayo nefuthe lazo. Le nto iphuhlisa izakhono zabafundi zokuphengulula
nokuphendla iitekisi gabalala. Iitekisi zoqobo ngowona mthombo ekusekelwa kuwo umxholo nemeko yokufundwa
nokufundiswa kolwimi ngendlela enxibelelanayo nedibeneyo. Indlela yokufundisa esekelwe kwiitekisi ikwabandakanya
uveliso lweendidi ngeendidi zeetekisi ezilungiselelwe iinjongo ezithile nabaphulaphuli/abafundi abathile. Konke oku
kusekelwe kwingqiqo yokwazi indlela iitekisi ezakhiwe ngayo.
Indlela yokufundisa ulwimi ngokulusebenzisa icebisa ukuba xa efunda ulwimi, umfundi makanikwe ithuba
elaneleyo lokulusebenzisa olu lwimi alufundayo kunye namathuba okuziqhelanisa okanye ukuqhagamshelana
ngomlomo esebenzisa lona. Abafundi bafunda ukufunda ngokuthi banikwe babe nezinto abazifundayo kananjalo
nokubhala bakufunda ngokunikwa amathuba amaninzi okubhala.
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Ukufundisa ulwimi ngokwenkqubo kusetyenziswa xa abafundi befunda ze bavelisa iitekisi zomlomo nezibhaliweyo.
Abafundi bathabatha inxaxheba kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo eenkqubo zokuphulaphula, ukuthetha, ukufunda
nokubhala. Abafundi mabacinge ngababukeli/abaphulaphuli nangenjongo xa besenza ezi nkqubo. Loo nto iya
kubenza bakwazi ukuqhagamshelana, ukuthetha nokuveza iimbono zabo ngobuchule. Umzekelo, ukufundiswa
kokubhala akugxininisi kwisiphumo kuphela, koko kugxininisa nakwinjongo nenkqubo yokubhala. Ngexesha lenkqubo
yokubhala abafundi bafundiswa ukuvelisa izimvo, ukucinga ngenjongo, nabantu abaza kufunda umsebenzi wabo,
ukubhala iidrafti ukuhlela umsebenzi wabo. Ukunikezela ngaloo nto bayibhalileyo bedandalazisa iingcinga zabo.
Iindlela zokufundiswa koncwadi
Esona sizathu sibalulekileyo sokufunda uncwadi eklasini kukukhulisa uvakalelo lwabafundi kusetyenziso lolwimi
ngendlela ecolekileyo, enobuchule, enongiweyo, enemifanekiso-ngqondweni nemiqondiso nenzulileyo kunokuba
befunda enye into engelulo uncwadi. Noxa ezinye iitekisi zoncwadi izezokuzonwabisa, ukuhlekisa, ukwandisa
ulwazi, ababhali abazimiseleyo nabazinikezeleyo babhala iinoveli, imidlalo, isihobe kuba beneengcinga, imibono
nemiba, imithetho-siseko, iimbono, neenkolelo abafuna ukwabelana ngazo nokuziveza kubafundi beencwadi zabo.
Ingqikelelo ekusetyenzisweni kolwimi yenye yeendlela ezongeziweyo zokutyhila, ukomeleza nokugxininisa iingcinga
zaba babhali.
Ukufundiswa koncwadi akukho lula, kodwa kunzima ngakumbi xa zingekho iingcinga zabafundi, ukufumana
intsingiselo nokuphawula okunyanisekileyo okuvela kubafundi ngokwabo. Ngaphandle kokuba bazifundele ngokwabo
ukuyazi intsingiselo engqalileyo yetekisi leyo, abayi kube bafunde okuninzi. Ootitshala mabazinxweme ekuchazeni
uncwadi ngendlela abayiva ngayo incwadi, bavumele abafundi ukuba ibe ngabo abathabatha inxaxheba enkulu xa
kuhlalutywa. Uhlalutyo okanye ukuchazwa kwencwadi akukho malunga nokuchaneka okanye ukungachaneki. Koko
kukuphanda ngentsingiselo kulowo uyifundayo.
Ezona ndlela zingcono zokufundisa uncwadi zinokuquka ezinye zezi okanye zonke ezi zilandelayo:
• Ngokufunda itekisi eklasini ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ngomnye umsebenzi. Oku akunakuthatha ngaphezulu
kweeveki ezimbini. Kubalulekile ukuba abafundi babe nolwazi olucacileyo ngokuqhubekayo nokungundoqo
wetekisi (ukuba ingantoni). Ukufunda itekisi ithuba elide kukwenza ulahlekane nesakhiwo nomxholo; funda
isiqwanaqwana ngethutyana ukuze wazi ukuthethwayo. Kwiiklasi ezininzi itekisi ifundwa ngaphandle kwale
nkxaso. Oku makukhuthazwe. Fundisa isihobe gabalala, hayi imibongo. Fundani kangangoko ninako eklasini
ze uqiniseke ukuba abafundi nabo babhala eyabo imibongo.
• Imisebenzi ebhalwayo efuna ngamandla ulwazi lwetekisi efundiweyo ifunyaniswa ukuba incedisa ngakumbi
ukuseka izinga eliphakamileyo lokuxabisa/lokuhluza kwicala labafundi. Iingxoxo zaseklasini zingaba
nempumelelo xa wonke ubani enokuthabatha inxaxheba. Kodwa ezo zinesiphelo somsebenzi obhaliweyo
zezona zifezekisa injongo nezincedisayo macala onke.
• Elokugqibela, uncwadi malufundiswe ngokweziqendu nangokupheleleyo.Itekisi xa iyonke ichaza/icacisa

into ngokuzeleyo hayi ngokweziqendu; ufundisiso lwetekisi olulungileyo luquka yonke itekisi ekuchazweni
kwentsingiselo yayo, ukwakhiwa, izimvo zakho, nokuphononongwa kwayo.

2.6 Ulwabiwo lexesha kwikharityhulam
Ikharityhulam yoLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo isekelwe kwiiveki ezingama-40 ngonyaka, yaye olu lwimi lwabelwe
iiyure ezi-4 ngeveki. Ulwimi lufundiswa ngeeveki ezimbini, oko kukuthi iiyure ezisi-8. Ithayimthebhile mayilungiselele
ukuba kubekho iiphiriyothi ezimbini ezilandelelanayo ngeveki ukuze kufumaneke ithuba lokugqibezela imisebenzi
eyandisiweyo efana nokubhala.
Kumjikelo weeveki ezimbini kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe la maxesha alandelayo ngokwezakhono zolwimi
ezahlukeneyo:
Ulwabiwo lweveki ezimbini

Izakhono %
(ngokweeyure)
UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha 2 25
UkuFunda nokuBukela: Isicatshulwa noNcwadi 3 40
UkuBhala nokuNikezela 2 25
Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi (oku 1 10
kuhlanganiswe kwizakhono ezi-3)
Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa nokufunda kwiBanga le-10 nele-11 ziiveki ezingama-36. Iiveki ezine zibekelwe ukubhala
iimviwo. KwiBanga le-12 zingama-30 iiveki zokufundisa nokufunda ze zibe li- 10 ezibekelwe ukubhala iimviwo.
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2.7 Iimfuno zokufundiswa koLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo njengesifundo
• Umfundi ngamnye kufuneka abe noku kulandelayo:
(a) Incwadi emiselweyo yolwimi
(b) Akhethe amabali amafutshane / isihobe / inoveli emfutshane / idrama emfutshane
(c) Isichazi-magama esikwanika nolwazi nesikhokelo ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi (umz English / isiXhosa)
(d) Ukufikelela kwizixhobo zokufunda eklasini, esikolweni okanye kumathala encwadi oluntu ukuze
bafumane ukufunda okongezelelweyo.
• Utitshala kufuneka abe noku kulandelayo:
(a) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola
(b) ILanguage in Education Policy (LiEP)
(c) Incwadi emiselweyo yegrama esetyenziswa ngabafundi nezinye ezinokusetyenziswa, ukwenzela

ukongeza kwezi tekisi zivunyiweyo.
(d) Akhethe amabali amafutshane / isihobe / inoveli emfutshane / idrama emfutshane njengoko zisetyenziswa
ngabafundi.
(e) Izichazi-magama ezilwimi lunye nezo zilwimi-mbini.
(f) Incwadi yegrama.
(g) Izixhobo zokusasaza iindaba: Ingqokelela yamaphephandaba, iimagazini, ibrowutsha neeflaya
(h) Ukufikelela kwizixhobo zokufunda eklasini, esikolweni okanye kumathala encwadi ukuze bafumane
ukufunda okongezekileyo.

ICANDELO LESI-3: UmXholo neziCwangciso zokuFundisa
izaKhono zoLwimi
UMxholo neziCwangciso zokuFundisa Izakhono zoLwimi
Eli candelo lahlula-hlulwe langamacandelo AMABINI angala: iZakhono, uMxholo nobuchule kwiKharityhulam
yeeLwimi kwakunye neziCwangciso zokuFundisa.
3.1 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA
Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha zizakhono ezahlukeneyo kodwa ezisebenzisanayo. Zozibini zisoloko zisebenziseka

eklasini zinganikwanga ngqalelo xa abafundi befumana ulwazi ukanti naxa bexoxa ngolwazi oluthile. Ukuphulaphula
nokuthetha okusesikweni kwiimo ezikhethekileyo, umzekelo, kwingxoxo-mpikiswano, kunyanzelisa ukuba kugqalwe
ukufundiswa. Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha okusesikweni nokungekho sikweni kuhlanganiswe nokufunda, ukubhala
izakhi nokusetyenziswa kolwimim yaye ukuthetha kunokuyenza itekisi ebhaliweyo ibe yeviwayo (umzekelo, ukufunda
ngokukhwaza).
UKUPHULAPHULA
Inkqubo yokuphulaphula
Ukufundisa ukufunda kubandakanya ukusebenza ngemiba eyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuphulaphula. Lo ngumsebenzi

ontlantlu-ntathu obonisa iindlela zokuphulaphula ngokuzimeleyo ukwenzela ukucazulula nokuqonda intetho nezinye
iimo eziviwayo. Akuyi kusoloko kusetyenziswa onke amanyathelo enkqubo yokubhala ngalo lonke ixesha. Umzekelo,
xa abafundi bephulaphule ingcaciso eshicilelweyo, kufuneka banikwe umsebenzi phambi kokuba baphulaphule,
msebenzi lowo oza kubaxhobisa ngokuphulaphulisisa ubancedise ukunxulumanisa abakwaziyo namava abo.
Imisebenzi ngexesha bephulaphule iza kubanceda bakhumbule iinkcukacha baphonononge nomyalezo. Emva
kokuphulaphula kuza kugxininisa koko abafundi bakuvileyo, loo nto isenzeka ngexesha kuqhutywa ingxoxo.
Imisebenzi yokuphulaphulela ukuqonda nokuhlola inika ithuba lokufundisa abafundi iindlela zokuphulaphula.
Phambi kokuphulaphula kugxininiswa ekwaziseni abafundi kwimeko yokuphulaphula. Oku kubanceda ukuba
basebenzise ulwazi abanalo ngesihloko, baze balungiselele ukuphulaphula, ukwenzela:
• Ukuvuselela ulwazi asele benalo abafundi phambi kokuba baphulaphule.
• Ukuqikelela ukuba itekisi ingantoni na ngokujonga isihloko sayo.
• Ukujongana naso nasiphi na isigama esiphambili abafundi abangaqhelananga naso.
• Utitshala unokuseta imibuzo yamalungiselelo okuphulaphula ukutsala umdla wabafundi.
• Abafundi mabazilungiselele, umzekelo, babe nosiba lokubhala nencwadi yokuthatha amanqaku.
Ngeli xesha bephulaphule abafundi baqwalasela iinjongo ezahlukeneyo:
(Qaphela ukuba ngumkhwa olungileyo ukuba abafundi baphulaphule itekisi amatyeli amaninzi, begxininisa kumba
owahlukileyo ngexesha ngalinye).
Ukuphulaphulela ukufumana ulwazi oluthile
• Ukukhangela intsingiselo; ukhethe iingongoma eziphambili nezixhasayo.
• Ukuthi gqolo ukhangela ukuba uyawuva na umyalezo ngokunxibelelanisa, ukwenza nokuqinisekisa iingqikelelo,
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ukuzigqibela ngento, ukuphonononga nokucamngca.
• Ukubhala amanqaku anentsingiselo; acacisa elungelelanisa izimvo, esahlula-hlula, eshwankathela, ubeka

ngawakho amazwi, ubalisa ngokutsha, ucacisa okuthethiweyo.
• Ukuqaphela umyalezo odluliswa yintshukumo yomzimba yesithethi nezinye izikhokelo ezibonwayo.
Ukuphulaphulela ukuhlalutya nokuphonononga ngokunzulu
• Ukwahlula phakathi kwezinto eziyinyaniso nezimvo.
• Ukutolika nokuphonononga umoya okanye ubunzulu bomyalezo.
• Ukuchonga nokutolika naluphi ulwimi oluchukumisayo noluqhathayo olusetyenzisiweyo.
• Ukuphendula ngokunzulileyo kwitekisi.
Ukuphulaphulela unxibelelwano
• Ukusebenzisa imigaqo yokunikana anathuba kwincoko okanye kumsebenzi weqela.
• Ukubuza imibuzo ukwenzela ukuqhuba incoko.
• Ukuphendula kulwimi, izijekulo, unamatheliso lwamehlo nentshukumo yomzimba.
• Ukubonisa umdla nengqwalasela ngokufanelekileyo ngembonakalo, ngokuhlala uthi qwa, njalo njalo.
• Ukusebenzisa imigaqo efanelekileyo yokubonakalisa imbeko nokubonisa intlonipho kwabanye.
Ukuphulaphulela ukuncoma noqhagamshelwano
• Ukuphendula kwiimpawu zobugcisa zetekisi eviwayo, umzekelo, isingqisho, isantya, isandi, umfanekiso-
ntelekelelo, izijekulo ezikhapha itekisi.
Emva kokuphulaphula kulandela emva kwamava okuphulaphula. Abafundi
• Baphendula imibuzo;
• Baphendla amanqaku abawathathe ngethuba bephulaphule;
• Bayashwankathela;
• Baguqula ingcombolo yolwazi yomlomo ibe kwimo ebhaliweyo, umzekelo, ukusebenzisa ingcombolo yolwazi
ukuleyibhelisha umzobo;
• Baphicotha ulwazi ngokudibanisa beluthelekisa abagqiba kulufumana noludala;
• Bafikelela kwizigqibo; baphonononga; bavakalisa uluvo lwabo

UKUTHETHA
Ukufundisa ukuthetha kufuna wazi ngoluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zokuthetha ezisesikweni nezingekho sesikweni
ukusukela kwincoko yesiqhelo ukuya kwingxoxo-mpikiswano esesikweni ephandiweyo nonikezelo lwayo. Ukuthetha
ngokucacileyo, ngokutyibilikayo, ngokuvakalayo, ngokuyondeleleneyo ngokuzithemba nangokufanelekileyo makube
yinjongo ephambili yokufundisa ukuthetha.
Ukufundiswa kokuthetha makuquke ulwazi lwenkqubo nobuchule boqhagamshelwano.
Inkqubo nobuchule bokuthetha
Inkqubo yokuthetha inala manqanaba alandelayo:
• Ukucwangcisa, ukuphanda nokulungisa izimvo nolwazi.
• Ulungiselela
• Nokunikezela
Ukuthetha nokunikezela okusesikweni
Inkqubo yokuthetha okusesikweni idla ngokubandakanya: ukucwangcisa, ukuphanda nokulungelelanisa ulwazi

kunye, ukuqhelisa ukuthetha nokunikezela. Iimo zokuqhelisa nokunikezela ezisesikweni ziquka okubhaliweyo.
Ukucwangcisa, ukuphanda nokulungelelanisa ulwazi
Abafundi babonisa izakhono zokucwangcisa, zokuphanda nokulungelelanisa ulwazi belungiselela intetho yeorali.
• Basebenzisa oovimba neemathiriyeli ezinolwazi ukufumana nokukhetha ingcombolo yolwazi.
• Benza amanqaku (iinowuthsi) nezishwankathelo eziphuma kuluhlu lwemithombo yolwazi echanekileyo.
• Babandakanya uluhlu lwezinto eziyinyaniso nemizekelo ngokweemfuno zomsebenzi.
• Basebenzisa intshayelelo nesiphelo esichanekileyo.
• Baphuhlisa iimbono nengxoxo ze banikezele amanqaku ngokulandelelana kwawo
• Basebenzisa izinto, izincedisi eziviwayo kunye/okanye nezibonwayo ukuphucula umdla nokuchaneka

wentetho yabo (okunikezelwayo).
Ulungiselela nokunikezela
Abafundi babonakalisa izakhono zabo zokuziqhelanisa nokunikezela ngentetho yomlomo.
• Basebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuthetha nabantu.
• Babonakalisa ukubazi abaphulaphuli.
• Babonakalisa ukuyazi imeko-bume: intetho esesikweni okanye, engekho sesikweni Bavakalisa ze baxhase
uluvo lwakhe kwingxoxo nencoko.
• Basebenzisa Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokuchanekileyo.
• Bazamw ukusebenzisa izakhi memigaqo yolwimi efanelekileyo.
21
• Basebenzisa ubugcisa bokuthetha ngomlomo nangeentshukumo zomzimba (verbal and non-verbal)
obuchanekileyo ukugxininisa intsingiselo
• Bazame ukuthetha ngokuvakalayo, ngelizwi elicacileyo nokubiza amagama ngendlela echanekileyo.
Ukuthetha okungekho sesikweni nomsebenzi weqela (jonga “Iimpawu nemigaqo yokwenziwa

kweorali” apha ngasezantsi)
• • Ukusebenzisa imigaqo yokunikana amathuba xa kuthethwa.
• • Ukwabelana ngeembono namava.
• • Ukucacisa intsingiselo apho kufanelekileyo.
• • Ukunika uluvo.
• • Ukukhuthaza iinjongo zomsebenzi weqela ngobunkokeli nezinye iindima.
• • Ukuphendula kulwimi, izijekulo, unamatheliso lwamehlo nentshukumo yomzimba.
• • Ukubonisa umdla nengqwalasela ngokufanelekileyo ngembonakalo, indlela yokuma/yokuhlala nezijekulo.
Iimpawu nemigaqo yeetekisi zeorali zonxibelelwano
Ukuthetha nomsebenzi weqela ongekho sesikweni

Imo yetekisi ethethwayo /
Injongo Iimpawu
yeorali
Ingxoxo engekho sesikweni Ukwabelana ngeembono • Ukuqala nokuqhuba incoko.
/ ingxoxo yababini kunye nezimvo zamaqela.
• Ukusebenzisa imigaqo yokunikana amathuba xa kuthethwa.
nemisebenzi yamaqela
• Ukuvala izikhewu nokukhuthaza isithethi.
Jonga:Iintetho
ezisetyenziswa kwincoko • Ukucacisa intsingiselo apho kufanelekileyo.
yesiXhosa - uluhlu • Ukunika nokuxhasa uluvo; ukuxoxela okuthile.
olubonisayo lulapha
ngasezantsi • Ukwabelana ngeembono namava.
• Ukubuza nokuphendula imibuzo ukwenzela ukuqhuba incoko.
• Ukukhuthaza iinjongo zomsebenzi weqela ngobunkokheli
nezinye iindima.
• Ukuphendula kulwimi, izijekulo, unamatheliso lwamehlo
nentshukumo yomzimba.
• Ukubonisa umdla nengqwalasela ngokufanelekileyo
ngembonakalo, indlela yokuma/yokuhlala nezijekulo.
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Ukwabelana ngetekisi • Ukufunda ngokutyibilikayo nangokuvakalayo.
okungalungiselelwanga ayibhale ngokwakhe
• Ukuphimisela amagama ungatshintshanga ntsingiselo.
okanye ebhalwe
ngabanye.

Ukuthetha nokunikezela okusesikweni
Ukuthetha / Imo yetekisi
Injongo Iimpawu
ethethwayo / yeorali
Intetho elungiselelweyo Ukuxhobisa / zokulukuhla • Ukuqhuba uphando.
kwizihloko eziqhelekileyo / ukwabelana nokuxhasa
• Ukucwangcisa imathiriyeli ngokundindeneyo. Ukuchonga
uluvo okanye imbono. nokuphuhlisa iingongoma eziphambili nemizekelo exhasayo.
Le mo ibonakalisa
ubungqina bamalungiselelo Ingxelo yeorali; irivyu. • Ukusebenzisa ifomathi, isigama, ulwimi nemigaqo ngoku-
chanekileyo.
• Ukusebenzisa imibuzo-buciko, unqumamo nophindaphindo.
• Ukusebenzisa imvakalozwi, ukunyuswa nokuhliswa kwelizwi,
isantya, unamatheliso lwamehlo, ukuma kwakhe nezijekulo.
• Ukusebenzisa intshayelelo nesiphelo esichanekileyo.
• Ukusebenzisa isimbo nerejista efanelekileyo.
• Ukubandakanya izincedisi ezibonwayo, eziviwayo kunye /
okanye eziviwa-zibonwa, umzekelo, iitshathi, iipowusta, izinto
eziboniswayo, imifanekiso.
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Ukwabelana ngetekisi • Ukufunda ngokutyibilikayo nangokuqiqa ngokwenjongo nom-
okulungiselelweyo ayibhale ngokwakhe sebenzi.
okanye ebhalwe • Ukubiza amagama ngokungatshintshi ntsingiselo.
ngabanye ibhalelwa
ukonwabisa. • Ukuphucula intsingiselo ngokwemvakalozwi, ukunyuswa
nokuhliswa kwelizwi, isantya, unamatheliso lwamehlo, ukuma
kwakhe nezijekulo.
Jonga kuphawulo jikelele kucwangciso nokunikezela apha ngasentla
Ukuthethela iinjongo / imixholo ethile

Ukuthetha / Imo yetekisi
Injongo Iimpawu
ethethwayo / yeorali
Ukunika izalathisi Ukubonisa umntu indlela • Sebenzisa imo eyalelayo.
eya endaweni ethile
• Sebenzisa izivakalisi ezicacileyo nezivakalayo.
• Yilandelelanise ingcaciso yakho.
• Bonisa ngokwesalathisi esithile.
• Nika umgama oqikelelwayo.
• Nika ingcombolo yolwazi malunga neendawo eziqaphelekayo
nezaziwayo apha endleleni.
Imiyalelo Ukucacisa indlela • Cacisa ngendlela yokusebenzisa isixhobo okanye indlela yok-
yokusebenzisa isixhobo, wenza into.
ukupheka ukutya, • Chaza iimathiriyeli ezifunekayo.
ukulungisa izinto
ezonakeleyo, njalo njalo. • Nika ulandelelaniso lwemiyalelo ecacileyo, evakalayo nebo-
nakalayo.
• Sebenzisa isigama esifanelekileyo, iintetho okanye ulwimi olu-
hambelana nomxholo lowo.
23
Umzekelo weentetho ezisetyenziswayo kwincoko
UKUCELA IMVUME / UKWENZA IZICELO UKUPHAZAMISA
• Ndinga...........? • Ndicela uxolo, ndinga................?
• Kungenzeka ukuba ndi..........? • Uxolo, ndinga.................?
• Ingaba kulungile ukuba.............? • Uxolo, uyazi ukuba...........?
• Kungakuhle ukuba............? • Ndicela uxolo ngokukuphazamisa, ungandinceda? (esesik-
weni).
• Ungakhathazeka ukuba ndinga............?
• Ndicela undivumele ndi...............
• Ungavuma uku..........?
UKUNIKA UNCEDO UKUFUNA UNCEDO
• Ndingakunceda? • Ndingancedisa nge.............?
• Kukho into oyikhangelayo? • Ungandinceda ukuba ndi.............?
• Ingaba ufuna uncedo kusini na? • Ndifuna uncedo...............
• Ungathanda ukuncediswa? • Nceda undincedise.............. (esesikweni).
• Ndingakwenzela ntoni namhlanje? • Nceda undincedise nge................
UKUXOLISA UKUKHALAZA
• Uxolo. • Ndicela uxolo ngokuthetha oku kodwa.............
• Ndicela uxolo ngoku........... • Ndicela uxolo ngokukuphazamisa, kodwa.................
• Ndiyaxolisa.......... • Mhlawumbi ulibele uku............................
• Ndicela undixolele ngoku................... • Ndicinga unokuba ulibele uku...................
• Ndiyaxolisa ngoku................. • Ndicela uxolo bekungafanelekanga ukuba nditsho, kod-
wa..........................
• Ndicela uxolo.
• Ndicinga ukuba asiqondananga ngokuba
• Ndixolele/Uxolo.
• Ungandivi kakubi, kodwa..............
• Ndicela undixolele.
UKUNIKA INGCEBISO UKUXELA OKUTHANDAYO
• Andiqondi ukuba kufanele ukuba u.......... • Ndingathanda ukuba u......................
• Kufanele ukuba u.................. • Kungangcono ndi.....................
• Akufanelekanga ukuba u.................. • Kutheni singa............?
• Ukuba bendinguwe, bendiya................ • Ngoko ke, ndingathanda............ Ucinga ntoni?
• Ukuba bendikule ndawo ukuyo, bendinga................ • Ucinga ukuba sifanele senze ntoni?
• Ukuba bendisezihlangwini zakho, bendinga................ • Ukuba bekuya ngokwam bendinga.........................
• Kungangcono ukuba u............ • Ndicinga ukuba kufanele ukuba si................
• Akufanelekanga ukuba u...............
• Nokuba wenzani, musa uku............
UKUQIKELELA, UKUZIGQIBELA NGENTO UKUNIKA INGCOMBOLO YOLWAZI ENGACACANGA
• Ndingathi sele eza kulungela uku............ • Zimalunga..................
• Ingafuna i............... • Ziqikeleleka ukuba zimalunga..................
• Ingangu............... • Zininzi kakhulu ii............. kuqikeleleka ukuya kutsho kwe-
zi.......
• Ibonakala ngokungathi...............
• Ithande ukufana ne..............
• Mhlawumbi ufuna.............
• Ludidi lwe...................
• Mhlawumbi bafuna..............
• Zithande ukufana................................
• Kunzima ukutsho, kodwa ndingathi..........
• Kunzima ukutsho, kodwa ndingaqikelela ndithi..........
• Andiqinisekanga ncam, kodwa ndicinga ukuba......
• Andiqinisekanga ncam, kodwa ndicinga ukuba......

UKUVALELISA UKUZIPHONONONGA
Iihambo ezinde, iiholide, iihambo ezimfutshane • Oku kusebenze kakuhle kakhulu kuba...........
• Uhambe kakuhle. • Ndikwenze kakuhle oku kuba..............
• Uyonwabele iholide yakho. • Bekuya kuba ngcono ukuba bendi...................
• Uzonwabele iiholide zakho. • Oku kungaphucuka ngoku.....................
• Wonwabe! • Ikhona inkqubela phambili / akubonakali nkqubela phambili
kuba..........
• Ube nexesha elimnandi e(indawo efana nendawo yoku-
tyela) • Oku kuyaphumelela kuba.......
• Ube nexesha elimnandi e(igama ledolophu)
UKUBULISA EMVA KOHAMBO
• Ibinjani iholide yakho......?
• Ubulonwabele ixesha lakho e(kuloo ndawo)?
• Belunjani uhambo lwakho?
Ubude obucetywayo beetekisi eziza kusetyenziselwa ukuqonda ukuphulaphula
Iitekisi IBanga Inani lamagama
Iitekisi zeorali, ezibonwayo, eziviwa-zibonwa neetekisi

ezineentlobo ngeentlobo zinxubelelwano eziphuma
Amagama ali-50 / malunga
kwezosasazo. IBanga 10
nomzuzu(1)
Iitekisi ze-odiyo (ikliphu yovavanyo lokuphulaphula umzuzu
mnye ubude kwiBanga 10, umzuzu mnye unesiqingatha
kwiBanga -1, Ikliphu yeBanga le-12 emizuzu mibini ubude.) Amagama angama-100 /
IBanga 11
malunga nemizuzu emi-1½
Iitekisi zobugcisa.
Iitekisi ezibonisayo nengcombolo yolwazi.
Iitekisi zoxhotyiso. Amagama angama-150 /

IBanga 12
malunga nemizuzu emi-2
Iitekisi eziviwayo-zibonwa (Iifilim, iinkqubo zikamabonakude
needotyhumentari, izilayidi, ushicilelo, iinkqubo zerediyo,
iifoto, iividiyo zomculo).
Ixesha elicetyiswayo lokwenza iorali

Iitekisi Ubude bexesha IBanga 10-12
Incoko, ingxoxo imizuzu engama- 10 - 30 kwiqela / kwiklasi
Ingxoxo yababini imizuzu emi-2 - 3 kwisibini / imizuzu emi-4 - 5 kwiqela
Izalathiso nemiyalelo umzuzu om-1-2
Udliwano-ndlebe imizuzu esi-3 - 5
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza okulungiselelweyo imizuzu emi-1-2
Intetho elungiselelweyo, ingxelo, irivyu imizuzu emi-1-2
Ukubalisa ibali neziganeko Ukuya kutsho kwimizuzu emi-3
Intetho yenziwa imihla ngemihla, umzekelo ukufuna uncedo, umzuzu om-1-2
ukuxolisa, njalo njalo.
Jonga iimbonakalo ezisetyenziswe kwincoko - uluhlu
olubonisayo
25
3.2 UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA
Ukufunda / ukubukela kudibanisa imiba emibini: ukufunda nokusebenzisa ubuchule bokucazulula nokuqonda itekisi,
ukufunda nokusebenzisa ulwazi lweempawu zeetekisi.
Yomibini le miba mayenziwe xa kufundiswa ukufunda / ukubukela kwiitekisi zoncwadi nezingezozoncwadi.
Umxholo wokufunda / wokubukela wenziwe ngolu hlobo: ukufundela ukuqonda, ukufundela ufundo olusesikweni
(uncwadi olumiselweyo) kunye nokuzifundela ngokuzimeleyo okwandisiweyo.
Inkqubo nobuchule bokufunda
Ukufundisa ngokufunda kubandakanya ukusebenza ngezinto eziyinxalenye yenkqubo yokufunda. Lo ngumsebenzi

ontlantlu-ntathu obonisa izicwangciso zokufunda ngokuzimeleyo ukwenzela ukucazulula nokuqonda itekisi. Akuyi
kusetyenziswa onke amanyathelo ale nkqubo ngalo lonke ixesha. Umzekelo, xa abafundi befunda uhlobo lwetekisi
okanye loncwadi abangaluqhelanga, kufuneka benze umsebenzi phambi kokuba bafunde obaxhobisa ngeempawu
ezicacileyo zolu hlobo lwetekisi, nokubanceda ukunxibelelanisa namava abo abanawo. Imisebenzi yangexesha
befunda iza kubanceda ukuhlalutya isakhiwo sayo neempawu zolwimi ngokunzulu. Imisebenzi yasemva kokufunda
inokuxhobisa abafundi bakwazi ukubhala ngokutsha olu hlobo loncwadi ngohlobo lwabo.
Umsebenzi waphambi kokufunda ugxininisa ekwaziseni abafundi kwitekisi. Kuvuselelwa unxulumaniso lolwazi
nolwangaphambili.
• Ukukrwaqula nokubalekisa amehlo (skimming and scanning) kwiimpawu zetekisi: amagama eencwadi,
izihloko, izihlokwana, ingcaciso ngemifanekiso, izinto ezibonwayo neengcaciso ezibhaliweyo, umzekelo,
iifonti nokunambarisha, inkangeleko, ii-ayikhoni, imizobo, iigrafu, iitshathi, imizobo, iimephu, iimenyu
zekhompyutha, ukhangelo lwamagama angundoqo, njalo njalo.
• Ukukrwaqula nokubalekisa amacandelo encwadi, umzekelo, iphepha elinesihloko sencwadi, isiiqulatho,

izahluko, uluhlu lwesigama (iglosari), isalathisi (i-indeksi), isihlomelo, iingcaciso ezisekupheleni kwephepha
(footnotes), njalo njalo.
• Ukuqikelela usebenzisa ingcombolo yolwazi olufunyenwe kukrwaqulo nobalekiso lwamehlo kwitekisi.
• Ukujongana naso nasiphi isigama esiphambili esinokungaqheleki kubafundi.
Ngeli xesha ufundayo: kubandakanya ukufumana intsingiselo ngetekisi nokuqaphela iimpawu zayo zolwimi.
• Ukuqiqisisa malunga neetekisi.
• Ukukhangela intsingiselo yamagama angaqhelekanga nemifanekiso yayo usebenzisa izakhono zokuhlela

amagama nezikhokelo ngokomxholo.
• Ukusebenzisa imigaqo yesicatshulwa: ukwenza unxibelelaniso, ukubeka esweni ukuqonda, ukulungelelanisa

isantya sokufunda nobunzima betekisi, ukufunda kwakhona xa kukho imfuneko, ukukhangela kwitekisi
ulwazi oluthile olunokuba luncedo, ukubuza nokuphendula imibuzo (ukusukela kwekwizinga elisezantsi
ukuya kweliphezulu), ukuzenzela umfanekiso-ngqondweni, ukuzigqibela ngento, ukufundela ukukhangela
iingongoma eziphambili, ukuchonga isigama esisetyenzisiweyo nezakhi zolwimi, ukuqaphela uhlobo
lwetekisi ngokwesakhiwo sayo neempawu zolwimi.
• Ukuthabatha amanqaku okanye ukushwankathela iingongoma eziphambili nezixhasayo.

Emva kokufunda: kuxhobisa abafundi malunga nokubukela nokuphendula itekisi xa iyonke.
• Ukuphendula kwitekisi imibuzo ekwizinga eliphantsi ukuya kweliphezulu.
• Ukuthelekisa nokuchasanisa; ukulungelelanisa.
• Ukuphonononga, ukufikelela kwizigqibo nokuvakalisa izimvo zabo.
• Ukuvelisa ngokutsha olu hlobo loncwadi kwiimbalo zabo (apho kufanelekileyo).
Ukufunda ngokunzulu
Ukufunda ngokunzulu iitekisi ezimfutshane ezibhaliweyo NGENJONGO YOKUQONDA kwigama elo.
Abafundi basebenzisa iindidi ngeendidi zeendlela zokucazulula iitekisi. Bakha isigama ngokusebenzisa amagama
athile nokufunda ngawo.
• Ukusebenzisa izichazi-magama, iithisarasi neminye imithombo yokwandisa ulwazi ukuqaphela intsingiselo,

upelo nokuphinyiselwa kwamagama nezigaba zentetho zamagama angaqhelekanga.
• Ukuchonga intsingiselo yezimaphambili nezimamva umz.(isi-, ubu-, ulu-, njalo njalo)
• Ukuqaphela intsingiselo yamagama neempawu eziwafaka kumaqela athile amagama usebenzisa ulwazi
lweengcambu, izimamva nezimaphambili eziqhelekileyo.
• Ukusebenzisa umxholo wetekisi (umzekelo, iintsingiselo zezivakalisi), iimpawu zokubhala (umzekelo,

iziphumlisi, iimpawu zocaphulo) iimpawu zokubhala zentetho ebhalwe ekhompyutheni (umzekelo, ukubhala
ngqindilili) ukukhangela intsingiselo yamagama angaqhelekanga.
• Ukuqaphela usingiselo, izaci namaqhalo.
• Ukwahlula phakathi kwentsingiselo ecingelwayo nentsingiselo yentsusa.
• Ukuphonononga imvelaphi yamagama nefuthe lawo kwitekisi; iziyelelane, isitsotsi, amagama emboleko.
• Ukwahlula phakathi kwamagama ekulula ukuwabhidanisa: Oomabizwahluke, oomabizwafane,

izithethantonye.
• Ukuqaphela uluhlu olubanzi lwezishunqulelo nezishunqulelo-nobumba.
• Ukusebenzisa ulwazi lwegrama ukucazulula intsingiselo. Jonga izakhiwo nemigaqo yoLwimi - Uluhlu
olubonisayo ngasezantsi.
Ukufunda ngokunzulu iitekisi ezimfutshane ezibhaliwe NGENJONGO YOKUQONDA izivakalisi nemihlathi
Abafundi basebenzisa ulwazi abanalo lokusetyenziswa kolwimi ukuqonda indlela izivakalisi ezakhiwa ngayo
kwakunye nendlela ezicwangciswe ngayo iitekisi.
• Ukufunda itekisi kweli nqanaba kunika ithuba lokuba kufundiswe izakhi zolwimi zisemsebenzini.
Makuqwalaselwe oku kulandelayo;
• Ukuchonga, ukucacisa nokuhlalutya intsingiselo nemisebenzi yezakhiwo nemigaqo yolwimi kwiitekisi. Jonga
Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi - Uluhlu olubonisayo ngasezantsi. (3.4)
27
Ukufunda ngokunzulu iitekisi ezimfutshane ezibhaliweyo NGENJONGO YOKUQONDA itekisi yonke / ngokupheleleyo
Abafundi basebenzisa ulwazi abanalo lohlobo loncwadi nokufunda litekisi ezisesikweni ukwenzela ukuqonda
intsingiselo, injongo nefuthe letekisi yonke ngo;
• kuzalanisa itekisi kumava abo.
• kuchonga uhlobo lwetekisi nenjongo yayo, umzekelo, ingxoxo efuna ukulukuhlayo.
• kuchonga nokucacisa ingcinga yombhali neenjongo.
• kulungelelanisa amacandelo eetekisi okanye iitekisi ezipheleleyo ukwenzela ukufikelela kwizigqibo.
• kufikelela esigqibeni nokuxhasa uluvo lwakho.
Ukufunda ngokunzulu iitekisi ezimfutshane NGENJONGO YOKUSHWANKATHELA NOKUTHABATHA AMANQAKU
Abafundi basebenzisa ulwazi abanalo ngeempawu zetekisi ukushwankathela itekisi besebenzisa. [Jonga ezi ndlela
zokufunda zingasentla.]
• Ukukrwaqula nokubalekisa amehlo kwiingongoma eziphambili nomxholo.
• Ukwahlula iingongoma eziphambili kwiinkcukacha ezizixhasayo.
• Ukuchaza nokubhala phantsi iingongoma eziphambili.
• Ukulandelelanisa izivakalisi, nokusebenzisa izihlanganisi, nezinxulumanisi ukuzidibanisa zenze itekisi.
Ukufunda ngokunzulu iitekisi ezimfutshane NGENJONGO YOKUFUMANA Ulwazi olunzulu

lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Abafundi basebenzisa ulwazi abanalo ngendlela ulwimi olunokudala lumilisele ngayo ulwalamano phakathi komvelisi
wetekisi nomfundi wayo . Bahlalutya uluvo oluthile oluvela kwitekisi ebhaliweyo:
• ngokuchonga, nokucacisa ulwimi oluchukumisayo noluqhathayo.
• ukuchonga, nokucacisa ulwimi olucalanye, oludlelelelayo, olugweba phambi kokuba uve noluqulethe
neengcinga ezibethelelekileyo.
• ukuchonga, nokucacisa iingcinga ezithile nokucacisa ifuthe lazo.
• ukuchonga, nokucacisa intsingiselo equkiweyo nentelekelelo ezenziweyo
• ukuchonga, nokucacisa intsingiselo yentsusa nefihlakeleyo.
• ukuqikelela iinjongo zokubandakanywa okanye ukushiyelelwa kolwazi oluthile
• ukuqaphela nokucacisa uluvo lombhali / lomvelisi / lombalisi / lomlinganiswa ze unike izimvo ezixhasayo
ezivela kwitekisi.

Ukufunda ngokunzulu ngeetekisi ezisebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zoqhagamshelwano
nezibonwayo (Iitekisi ezisebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zoqhagamshelwano zisebenzisa izixhobo
ezibonwayo nezibhalwayo kwitekisi nganye, umzekelo, izibhengezo/ iintengiso, iikhathuni. Oku kungadityaniswa
nolwimi oluthethwayo nezijekulo).
Abafundi basebenzisa ulwazi abanalo lwemifanekiso nezinto ezibonwayo ukuqonda indlela ezincedisa ngayo
ekubhaleni iitekisi ezisebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zoqhagamshelwano nezibonwayo. Abafundi
basebenzisa ulwazi olusetyenziswayo xa kufundwa uncwadi okanye ifilim ukuqonda nokuqwalasela iimpawu
zeetekisi ezibonwayo nefuthe lazo:
• ngokuchonga, nokucacisa injongo nomyalezo kwiitekisi ezibonwayo ezinika ulwazi, umzekelo; iikhathuni,
imifanekiso izibhengezo, iigrafu, iitheyibhile, iidotyhumentari, iitshathi, iimephu.
Ukukhetha uhlobo lwetekisi okanye loncwadi
Ootitshala mabaqinisekise ukuba abafundi bafunde uluhlu lweetekisi neentlobo zoncwadi apha enyakeni. Kufanele
ukuba kubekho ulungelelwano phakathi kweetekisi ezimfutshane nezinde naphakathi kokufundela iinjongo
ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, iinjongo zobugcisa (ukufunda itekisi okusesikweni kuncwadi olumiselweyo) zeetekisi eziza
kusasazwa kwimidiya, kwiitekisi ezibonwayo zokuzonwabisa.
• ukuchonga, nokucacisa injongo nomyalezo kwiitekisi ezibonwayo ezenzelwe ukuzonwabisa nokuziyolisa,

umzekelo, ifilim, iikhathuni, iividiyo zomculo, izicwili ezihlekisayo.
• ukuchonga, ukuhlalutya nokuphonononga umyalezo nokusebenza ngokukuko kweetekisi ezibonwayo

ezixhasa ukuthetha, umzekelo, iipowusta, iidayagram, idatha projektha.
• (Kufundo lokuzixhobisa / lokwandisa ulwazi lwefilim kuphela) ukuchonga, ukuhlalutya nokuphonononga

ukuzalana phakathi kwesandi, intetho, isiganeko nezinto ezibonwayo kwifilim nezinye izinto ezikwimo
yokuviwa-zibonwa.
Ukufundwa okunzulu ngejongo yokuphonononga litekisi ngokusesikweni kweetekisi zoncwadi
Abafundi bafunda, baphonononge baze baphendule ngeempawu zobugcisa kwitekisi yoncwadi. Kuchongwa
incwadi ibenye yokufunda okusesikweni nokuhlola ngonyaka Uluhlu lweetekisi ezininzi ezifundwa kumabanga 10-12
kwiKhathalogu yeSizwe yoNcwadi ziquka isihobe / amabali amafutshane / idrama emfutshane / inoveli emfutshane
okanye nezinye iitekisi zokuxhobisa. Jonga “Iitekisi ezingobandakanyo lokufundwa lwezakhono zolwimi” ekupheleni
kweli candelo.
QAPHELA: Ugxininiso kufundo lwetekisi esesikweni luza kutshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kwiincwadi

ezimiselweyo / itekisi echongiweyo:
• ngokuchonga nokucacisa ngesakhiwo, umxholo, umyalezo, abalinganiswa nesimo sentlalo.
• ukuchonga nokucacisa izafobe nezangotshe zokubhala ngokweetekisi ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, isifaniso,

isikweko, isihlonipho, isimntwiso, imfanozandi, izifanadumo, ubaxo/ubabazo/ugqithiso, uchasaniso,
isigqebelo, impoxo, ukudodobala kobushushu bovuthondaba, imiqondiso, ukudlala ngamagama, ukuphumla
nophinda-phindo.
• ukuchonga nokucacisa ngenjongo yombhali / yomvelisi / yembongi.
29
• ukucacisa ukuba ukukhethwa nokusetyenziswa kwamagama kumbongo kuwuxhasa njani umyalezo
nomxholo
• ukucacisa ukuba abalinganiswa, isimo sentlalo nokusetyenziswa kwamagama kumabali amafutshane/

kwidrama emfutshane / kwinoveli emfutshane ziwuxhasa njani umyalezo / umxholo.
Ukufunda / ukubukela ngokuzimeleyo okongezelelweyo
Abafundi basebenzisa iindlela ebezisenziwa ngexesha befunda ngokunzulu nezikwitekisi esesikweni efundiweyo
elungiselelwe ukufunda ngokuzimeleyo ngenjongo yokuzonwabisa. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba utitshala abancedise
abafundi koku kulandelayo ngasezantsi:
• Ukufikelela kwiilayibrari nokwazi ngemigaqo yokugcina iincwadi.
• Ukunika ubungqina bokufunda / bokubukela okongezelelweyo kwiintetho, kwiingxoxo nakwiirivyu zencwadi / zefilim /
zenkqubo.
• Ukufunda / ukubukela uluhlu olubanzi lweetekisi ezipheleleyo, umzekelo, iincwadi, iimagazini, amaphephandaba,
iiwebhusayithi, iifilim, iidotyhumentari, amabali aqhubekayo kamabonakude ngexesha leklasi nasemva kwexesha leklasi.
Imizekelo yeendidi zemibuzo

Imibuzo engolwazi Kwenzeka ntoni emva .......? Xela igama............Chaza okwenzekayo e.........Ngubani othethe
no......? Ithini intsingiselo........?
Imibuzo yokuvavanya Ngubani umlinganiswa ophambili........? Nika umzekelo......... Cacisa oko ngawakho amazwi.......
ukuqonda
Imibuzo Ukhona omnye umzekelo ongacinga ngawo apho......? Uyakhumbula ukuba besikhangela
engokusebenzisa ulwazi izihlonipho - ungasicacisa njani isihlonipho ezikulo mqolo?
Imibuzo yokuhlalutya Oku kufana njani.........? Oku kwahluke njani.........? Nguwuphi umxholo ongundoqo apha.......?
Ucinga ntoni.......?
Imibuzo Kuninzi esikufundileyo malunga nomlinganiswa othile - khawukudibanise uchaze lo
yolungelelwaniso lolwazi mlinganiswa? Ngumntu onjani?
Imibuzo Kuluncedo kanjani........? Ikhona enye indlela engcono........? Uthanda wuphi umbongo kule
yokuphonononga mibini? Kuba kutheni?

IITEKISI EZISETYENZISIWEYO KUBANDAKANYO LOKUFUNDISA IZAKHONO ZOLWIMI, IBANGA 10-12

Ukongeza kwiitekisi zoncwadi ezifundwayo okusesikweni, iitekisi eziza kwenziwa kwiBanga 10-12 ziquka iitekisi ezibhaliweyo,
ezibonwayo nezemalthimidiya ngokweenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iitekisi ziza kufundwa ngokweempawu zobugcisa; ezinye
iitekisi ziza kufundwa njengemizekelo neemodeli ezinokusetyenzisa ekubhaleni.
Iitekisi zoncwadi ezifundwayo. Iitekisi ezibhalwayo ezinengcombolo Imalthimidiya / iitekisi ezibonwayo
yolwazi ezinengcombolo yolwazi
Uluhlu oluza kufundwa kwiBanga 10-
12 Izichazi-magama Iitshathi, iimephu
Ijenra ezinokusetyenziswa I-ensayiklophidiya Iigrafu, iitheyibhile, iiphayi-tshathi
Inye kwezi ntlobo zoncwadi zilandelayo Iishedyuli Isazobe sokucinga/ubungqina boyilo,
zinokusetyenziswa ezifakwe imizobo
Izalathisi zefowuni
kwiKhathalogu yeSizwe yoNcwadi:
Iipowusta
Iincwadi zomfundi eziqulethe ulwazi
Inoveli emfutshane
ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi Iiflaya, iphamflethi, iibrowutsha
Amabali amafutshane
Ithesarasi Izalathisi neesimboli
(IBanga 10 - ma-2 amabali)
Iithayimtheyibhile Iidotyhumentari zikamabonakude
Izikhokelo zikamabonakude Iiwebhupheyiji,
Iitekisi ezibhaliweyo zemidiya iisayithi ze-intanethi,
Idrama emfutshane
Amanqaku emagazini iiblogu<0}
Isihobe
Amanqaku amaphepha-ndaba ifacebook nezinye iinetwekhi
(IBanga 10 - mi-3 imibongo zonxibelelwano kwi-intanethi
Iileta eziya kumhleli
(IBanga 11 - mi--4 imibongo Ukusebenzisa idatha projektha
Izaziso
(IBanga 12 - mi- 6 imibongo Iitransparensi
Ii-obhitshuwari
Ukuzixhobisa Imalthimidiya / iitekisi ezibonwayo
Iirivyu
zeenjongo zobugcisa
Iifilim
Iibrowutsha
Iifilim
Ibali eliqhubekayo likamabonakude /
Izibhengezo/ iintengiso (Ezide
iidotyhumentari Iifoto
nezifutshane)
Idrama yerediyo Imifanekiso
Iimo ezibhalwayo zeetekisi eziviwayo
Izincoko Imalthimidiya / iitekisi ezibonwayo
Dialogues Speeches Songs
{0> zokuzonwabisa nokuziyolisa
Incwadi engobomi bombhali Jokes<}0{>Incoko yababini
Iifilim
Incwadi engobomi bombhali Iintetho
azibhaleleyo Iinkqubo zikamabonakude
Iingoma
Iintsomi Iividiyo zomculo
Izihlekiso<0}
Iintsomi ezingembali namaqhawe Iikhathuni,
Iitekisi zokunxibelelana
neziyimihlathi ezibhaliweyo Izihlekiso (ezizotyiweyo)
Iileta Igrafithi
Iidayari Iitekisi eziviwayo
Izimemo Iinkqubo zerediyo
I-imeyile Ukufundwa kwedrama
Ii-sms Ukufundwa kweenoveli okanye amabali
amafutshane
I-twitter
Iintetho ezishicilelweyo
Amanqaku (iinowuthsi)
Izibhengezo/ iintengiso kwirediyo,
Iingxelo
kumabonakude, amaphephanda
Iitekisi zonxibelelwano loshishino neemagazini
ezibhalwayo
Iileta ezisesikweni
Imizuzu nee-ajenda
31
ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO IBANGA 10-12
Ubude beetekisi ezibhaliweyo eziza kufundwa xa kufundwayo ngokunzulu/ isicatshulwa nesishwankathelo
UHLOBO
IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA
LWETEKISI
Isicatshulwa IBanga 10 150 - 200 amagama
IBanga 11 200 - 250 amagama
IBanga 12 250 - 300 amagama
UHLOBO UBUDE
IBANGA INANI LAMAGAMA
LWETEKISI BESISHWANKATHELO
Isishwankathelo IBanga 10 120 amagama
IBanga 11 150 amagama 40 - 50 amagama
IBanga 12 170 amagama
*Isicatshulwa: mazingabi ngaphezu kwesithathu iitekisi ezisetyenzisiweyo. Inani lamagama luveza inani leetekisi ezisetyenzisiweyo.

3.3 Ukubhala nokunikezela
Ukubhala nokunikezela kuquka imiba emithathu: Ukusebenzisa inkqubo yokubhala, ukufunda nokusebenzisa ulwazi
ngesakhiwo neempawu zeentlobo zeetekisi ezahlukeneyo, ukufunda nokusebenzisa ulwazi ngomhlathi nesakhiwo
sesivakalisi neempawu zokubhala.
Inkqubo yokubhala
Ukufundisa ukubhala kudla ngokuquka ukusebenza ngokwenkqubo yokubhala. Nangona kunjalo, akunyanzelekanga
ukuba asetyenziswe onke amanyathelo ale nkqubo ngamaxesha onke. Umzekelo, xa abafundi bebhala uhlobo
lwetekisi oluqhelekileyo, kuza kufuneka bahlalutye isakhiwo salo kunye neempawu zolwimi ngokunabileyo. Kungakho
amaxesha apho kunokufuneka ukuba ootitshala bagxininise kwisakhiwo sesivakalisi okanye ekubhalweni komhlathi,
okanye abafundi babhale iitekisi ezingenadrafti xa belungiselela uviwo.
Ukukhetha uhlobo lwetekisi
Ootitshala mabaqinisekise ukuba abafundi babhale uluhlu lweetekisi ngonyaka. Makubekho ulungelelwano phakathi
kweetekisi ezimfutshane nezinde kwaye kubhalelwe iinjongo ezahlukeneyo: ingqiqo, ubugcisa, umsebenzi ongomntu
/ wokunxibelelana nabantu. Ootitshala mabakhethe uhlobo lwetekisi kunye nesihloko esichanekileyo ekuza kubhalwa
ngaso, umzekelo, isincoko esibalisayo, esinokuthi mhlawumbi, ‘Uhambo lwam.’
Amanqanaba enkqubo yokubhala
Ukucwangcisa / Phambi kokubhala:
Abafundi:
• Bahlalutya isakhiwo, iimpawu zolwimi nerejista yodidi/yohlobo lwetekisi eza kubhalwa.
• Bathabatha izigqibo ngenjongo yayo, abantu eyenzelwe bona i nomxholo.
• Baqokelela iimbono ngesihloko usebenzisa, umzekelo, ubungqina bokucwangcisa.
• Baxoxa ngemilinganiselo eza kusetyenziswa ukuphonononga lomsebenzi ubhalwayo.
• Baphanda ngesihloko, umzekelo, elayibrari, bakhethe ingcombolo yolwazi echanekileyo.
• Bakhetha iimbono eziphambili nengcombolo ezixhasayo.
• Balandelelanisa izimvo ngendlela efanelekileyo ukuze zivakale.
Ukuyila / Ukwenza iidrafti
Abafundi:
• Babhala idrafti yokuqala bathathele ingqalelo injongo, abafundi bayo, isihloko nohlobo lwetekisi.
• Bakhetha amagama afanelekileyo, umzekelo, isincoko esibalisayo basebenzisa amagama adlwengula

umxhelo namabinzana ukwenzela ukuba okubhaliweyo kunike umdla.
• Bacwangcisa iimbono ngokulandelelana okuvakalayo ukwenzela ukuba ingxoxo ithungelane kakuhle

kwisincoko.
33
• Bacwangcisa iimbono kunye / okanye nemifanekiso-ntelekelelo ukwenzela ukuba ibali livakale.
• Basebenzisa isigama nesimbo esithile.
• Bafundisisa iidrafti bafundele notitshala noogxa babo basesikolweni baze banike ingxelo.
Ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela, ukulungisa iimpazamo nokunikezela
• Ukuphonononga izinto abazibhalileyo nezibhalwe ngabanye belungiselela ukuziphucula besebenzisa

imilinganiselo emiselweyo (set criteria).
• Ukuphucula isigama, isakhiwo sesivakalisi nomhlathi.
• Ukulandelelanisa nokunxibelelanisa imihlathi.
o Ukunciphisa ubumbaxa bolwimi, nokususa amagama angeyomfuneko okanye nalo naluphi ulwimi
olungamkelekanga olusetyenzisiweyo.
o Ukusebenzisa igrama, upelo neempawu zokubhala ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukulungisa idrafti yokugqibela kuquka inkangeleko, umzekelo, izihloko neefonti.
• Ukunikezela ngetekisi.
Izakhi nemigaqo yokusebenzisa ulwimi ngethuba lenkqubo yokubhala
Irejista, isimbo nelizwi
• Ukusebenzisa irejista nesimbo esifanelekileyo (esisesikweni okanye esingekho sesikweni).
• Ukumilisela ilizwi lakhe, umzekelo, bhala ngendlela abona ngayo.
Ukuchonga isigama ngokubonakalisa
• Ukwazi nokusebenzisa uluhlu olubanzi lwesigama.
• Ukwazi ngentsingiselo yentsusa nefihlakeleyo yamagama.
• Ukwazi ngesigaba sentetho segama nokusetyenziswa kwaso kwisivakalisi.
• Ukwazi ukuba igama lisesikweni, alikho sesikweni okanye liyaxhokonkxa nokulisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo
(okanye ukungalisebenzisi kwaphela).
• Ukupela amagama ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukusebenzisa izichazi-magama neethesarasi ukwandisa isigama.
• Ukugcina isichazi-magama okanye incwadi yesigama ukwandisa isigama sabo

Ukwakhiwa kwesivakalisi ngokubonakalisa ukukwazi
• Ukubhala izivakalisi ezilula nezimbaxa.
• Ukusebenzisa izihlanganisi zolingano ukudibanisa amagatya antanganye kwizivakalisi ezimbaxa, umzekelo,

yaye, kodwa, ngoko ke, emva koko.
• Ukusebenzisa izihlanganisi ezisetyenziswa namagatya awayamileyo ukudibanisa amagatya kwizivakalisi

ezimbaxa.
o Amagatya sihlomelo exesha: xa, phambi kokuba, emva, ukususela, ngethuba, de.
o Amagatya sihlomelo oxhomekeko: ukuba, ngaphandle kokuba.
o Amagatya esizathu: kuba, nanjengoko.
o Amagatya abonakalisa injongo: ukwenzela ukuba.
o Amagatya esivumomeko: nangona.
o Amagatya ahlomelayo endawo: apho, naphi na.
o Amagatya abonakalisa ubunjani: njengoko, njenga, ngendlela.
• Ukusebenzisa amagatya obalulo naxandileyo.
• Ukusebenzisa amagatya amel’isibizo, achazayo, ukwandisa izivakalisi.umzekelo Indoda eyayisimelela

yayisihla kwindlela engamajikojiko
Ukubhala umhlathi
• Ukubhala imihlathi enesivakalisi esiqulethe umxholo womhlathi kunye nezivakalisi ezixhasayo kwiitekisi.
• Ukucwangcisa izivakalisi ngokuyondeleleneyo ukudala undindano kumhlathi ngokuchanekileyo ulandela

uhlobo lwetekisi.
• Ukusebenzisa izinxulumanisi ngokufanelekileyo ukudibanisa izivakalisi kumhlathi:
o Ukulandelelanisa iimbono: okokuqala, okwesibini, okokugqibela, njalo njalo.
o Ukongeza: ngaphezulu, ngaphaya koko, ukongeza, njalo njalo.
o Ukufanisa: ngokufanayo, njalo njalo.
o Ukuchasanisa: nangona kunjalo, kwangaxeshanye, kwelinye icala, njalo njalo.
o Ukubonakalisa unobangela / isiphumo: kuba, ngoko ke, ngenxa, njalo njalo.
o Iimeko: xa, xa ngaba, ngaphandle, njalo njalo.
o Ukulandelelanisa ixesha: Okulandelayo, ngokukhawuleza, emva koko, ngesiquphe.
• Ukusebenzisa izinxulumanisi ezifanelekileyo, izimelabizo ukuphinda amagama, izifanokuthi nezichasi

ukudala umhlathi oyondeleleneyo (oko kukuthi, umhlathi oyondeleleneyo nonentsingiselo evakalayo).
35
Imigaqo yolwimi (Upelo neempawu zokubhala)
• Sebenzise ezi impawu zokubhala zilandelayo ngokufanelekileyo ngokuchanekileyo: Isingxi, isiphumlisi,

ikholoni, iqhagamshela, isimeli-nobumba, uphawu lombuzo, uphawu lwesikhuzo, iizibiyeli, iimpawu
zocaphulo.
Iintlobo zeetekisi - isakhiwo neempawu zolwimi
Ezi theyibhile zingasezantsi zichaza uluhlu lweentlobo zeetekisi ekufuneka abafundi bafundiswe ukuba bazibhale
kwiBanga 10-12; nezinye iitekisi zinokubandakanywa xa kufanelekile.
Izincoko okanye iitekisi zoyilo

Uhlobo lwetekisi Injongo Isakhiwo setekisi Iimpawu zolwimi
Esibalisayo Ukonwabisa. Intshayelelo • Ibhalwa kumntu wokuqala okanye
Iziganeko wesithathu.
Isiphelo • Sebenzisa ixesha eladlulayo.
• Iziganeko zichazwa ngokulandelelana
kwazo.
• Izidibanisi ezibonisa ixesha.
• Sebenzisa intetho yababini/
ukuzithethela kwabalinganiswa.
• Ulwimi olusetyenzisiweyo lokudala
ifuthe lomfundi, umzekelo, izihlomelo,
izichazi, imifanekiso-ntelekelelo.
Esichazayo Ukuchaza into Ukuchonga: kunika isikhokelo • Inokubhalwa ngokwexesha
ngendlela evakalayo. gabalala ngesihloko. elidlulileyo okanye elangoku.
Inkcazelo: ichaza iimpawu zoko • Sebenzisa amagama ukudala
kubhalwa ngako. umfanekiso.
• Sebenzisa izichazi, izihlomelo.
• Sebenzisa imifanekiso ntelekelelo,
izafobe, umzekelo, isifaniso,
isihlonipho, isimntwiso, imfanozandi.

Iitekisi zemihlathi (ezobuqu / nezabantu)
Uhlobo lwetekisi Injongo Isakhiwo setekisi Iimpawu zolwimi
Imiyalelo, izalathiso Ukuchaza okanye ukuyalela • Injongo: inkcazelo • Ibhalwa ikwisiyaleli, umz.
ngendlela ekufanele yenziwe yoko kuza kwenziwa, Peyinta.
ngayo into kulandelwa Iimathiriyeli / izixhobo • Inokubekwa
uthotho lwamanyathelo ezifunekayo zidweliswe ngokokulandelelana
alandelelanisiwe kakuhle. ngokulandelelana kwayo ngokwexesha, umz.
kwazo, Amanyathelo qala ... emva koko ....
alandelelanisiwe kakuhle
• Isebenzisa amanani
ukufezekisa injongo ethile
neembumbulwana
• Inokukhatshwa yitekisi eziziingongoma ukubonisa
ebonwayo, umzekelo, ucwangco.
iidayagram, iifoto
• Kuchazwa unobangela
nefuthe.
Irivyu (umz. yencwadi Ukushwankathela, • Umxholo: • Ibhalwa ngexesha
okanye ifilim) ukuhlalutya nokubonisa amagqabantshintshi afana langoku/ elidlulileyo
uvakalelo kwitekisi yoncwadi nombhali, umzobi, uhlobo • Ukusetyenziswa
okanye edlalwayo. lwetekisi kwesigama esincomayo /
• Inkcazo yetekisi: ichaza esibonakalisa ubuncwane
imiba yetekisi okanye ifilim betekisi xa iphononongwa
leyo efana nabalinganiswa
abaphambili, izehlo
ezibalulekileyo neempawu
eziyenza ifaneleke kolo
njengolo hlobo lwetekisi
• Isigqibo: ukuphonononga
umsebenzi lowo
ngokuvelisa uluvo okanye
isigqibo sakho malunga
nawo
Ingxelo emfutshane Ukuchaza iziganeko • Inkcazelo yesiganeko • Ibhalwa kwixesha langoku.
• Inokukhatshwa yitekisi • Ugxininiso lokuqala
ebonwayo, umzekelo, lukubathathi-nxaxheba
iidayagram,/ imizobo, gabalala.
iifoto.
• Isukela kokuqhelekileyo
gabalala ukuya
kokungqalileyo.
• Kunokusetyenziswa
isigama esibhekiselele
nesinobucgule kuloo nto
kuthethwa ngayo.
Ungeniso kwidayari Ukubhala amava akho buqu. • Idla ngokubhalwa • Sebenzisa ixesha
kwincwadi ekhethekileyo eladlulayo elibhaliweyo.
(idayari okanye ijenali).
• Ibhalwa ngokungekho
• Izingeniso zedayari sesikweni.
ezibhaliweyo (umzekelo,
• Umbhali uyazbhalela.
ezeveki okanye ezemihla
ngemihla).
• Izingeniso ezibhalwe
umhla.
Ileta yobuhlobo Ukugqithisa ulwazi • Idilesi, umhla nesibuliso. • Idla ngokuba yengekho
nokugcina ubudlelwane. sesikweni ngokwesimbo
• Isakhiwo somyalezo
kodwa iyahluka.
sohluka ngokwenjongo.
• Iimpawu zolwimi ziyahluka
• Unokusebenzisa udidi
ngokwenjongo yomyalezo.
lwetekisi ngokwebali
(jonga ngasezantsi).
• Umbuliso, utyikityo /
isignitsha/intsayino-gama.
37
Ikhadi lesimemo, iposi-khadi Ukumemela umntu • Inokuba yimo yeleta • Sinokuba sesikweni
(nempendulo) kumnyhadala okanye eya emntwini okanye okanye singabikho
ukwenza into (nokusamkela kusetyenziswe ikhadi sesikweni ngesimbo.
okanye ukusilandula). lesimemo. Siquka:
• Idla ngokucaca gca -
• Imo yomnyhadala. imfutshane kwaye ithe
ngqo.
• Indawo eza kuqhubeka
kuyo. • Sebenzisa amabinzana
ngokusemgaqweni.
• Umhla nexesha.
• Impendulo esesikweni.
• Sinokuquka nendlela
yokunxiba.
• Igama lommemi.
• Inokuquka futhi iRSVP
ekuxelela umntu
omawuphendule kuye.
• Inemilo ebonakaliyo yoyilo.
• Impendulo inokuba kwimo
yenqaku okanye ileta.
Ileta yaseburhulumenteni Ezahlukeneyo umzekelo, • Idilesi yombhali, umhla, • Idla ngokuba yesesikweni
ukufaka isicelo somsebenzi idilesi yomamkeli, isibuliso ngokwesimbo.
okanye inkxaso-mali
• Inganesihloko • Sebenzisa imigaqo
yemfundo / ibhasari;
yolwimi umzekelo,
ukukhalaza, ukucela, njalo • Isakhiwo somyalezo siza
Mhlekazi, Ozithobileyo.
njalo. kwahluka ngokwenjongo,
umzekelo, ileta eya • Idla ngokucaca gca -
kumhleli. imfutshane kwaye ithe
ngqo.
• Umbuliso, utyikityo/
isignitsha/intsayino-gama.
Ukugcwalisa iifomu Iifomu ezahlukeneyo, Ziza kwahluka Umntu ogcwalisa ifom
umzekelo, ukufaka isicelo ngokwenjongo leyo kufuneka icace gca, ibe
somsebenzi, sendawo yokusetyenziswa kwayo yesesikweni, icocoke
yokufunda eyunivesithi, njalo ifom. (okubhaliweyo kufundeke).
njalo.
Iflaya Ukutsala nokulukuhla umntu • Isayizi encinane, umzekelo • Ithetha kanye nomfundi
ukuba athenge into okanye iphepha elingu-A5. lowo.
inkonzo ethile.
• Isihloko esitsala umdla, • Ulwimi olusetyenzisiweyo
isilogani okanye ilogo. lucacile.
• Inkcaza emfutshane • Ulwimi olusetyenzisiweyo
ngemveliso. lokudala
• Dwelisa amaqithiqithi • Ifuthe kumfundi, umzekelo,
ehamba nawo. izihlomelo, izichazi,
izafobe njengemfanozandi,
• Ingcombolo yolwazi
isikweko
engoqhagamshelwano,
umzekelo, iwebhusayithi.
• Inemilo ebonakalyo yoyilo.

Isibhengezo/ intengiso Ukutsala nokulukuhla umntu • Sinokuba ziimo Izafobe nezigaba zentetho
ukuba athenge into okanye ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenzisiweyo ukudala
inkonzo ethile. ifuthe nokwenza nolwimi
• Sebenzisa izilogani
luhlale lukhumbuleka,
neelogo
umzekelo, isikweko,
• Sinemilo ebonakaliyo isifaniso, uphindaphindo,
yoyilo. imfanozandi, isingqisho,
isingqi.
• Sebenzisa
ubungcaphephe bokwenza
izibhengezo-ntengiso.
• Sebenzisa uyilo
ukwenza isibhengezo/
intengiso esitsala
iliso nesingalibalekiyo
engqondweni.
I-imeyile Ukwenza nokugcina • Idilesi yomntu eya kuye- Unxibelelwano lufana
ulwalamano kumaxesha amaninzi nokungathi uyathetha
(Emfutshane)
ligama lalomntu
uthunyelwa i-imeyile,iseva
kunye nelizwe ekuyo
iseva.umz.unathi(igama)@
gmail. (iseva)za (ilizwe)
• CC: oku kunokuba
ngumntu eya kuye
i-imeyile, mntu lowo
ekufuneka eyinike
ingqwalasela i-imeyile
• Isabjekti: esi
sisishwankathelo
somxholo we-imeyile
• Umyalezo
• Igama lomntu othumela
i-imeyile
• Qaphela: Idilesi
yomthumeli we-imeliye
iyazivelela xa i-imeliye ifika
kuloo mntu i thunyelwa
kuye. Umthumeli we-
imeyile angakhetha
ukunikezela enye idilesi
ekupheleni kwe-imeyile.
Oku kubizwa yisignitsha
Ingxoxo yababini Kukurekhodishwa • Xa ubhala ingxoxo • Xa incoko yababini
konxibelelwano njengoko yababini, bhala amagama ibandakanya amalungu
(Ende)
lusenzeka ngokuthe ngqo abalinganiswa ekhohlo osapho okanye abahlobo
ngokweembono zesithethi. ephepheni. Sebenzisa indlela yokuthetha
ikoloni emva kwegama ibayileyo ikhululekileyo.
lomlinganiswa othethayo. Kusetyenziswa iindlela
Sebenzisa umgca omtsha ezaziwayo zokucela,
ukubonisa isithethi esitsha. imibuzo, neengcebiso
• Ingcebiso kubalinganiswa • Xa ingxoxo ibandakanya
(abafundi) ngendlela abantu abangazaniyo
yokuthetha okanye indlela yokuthetha mayibe
ukwenza intshukumo ethile yileyo yokufuna ingcebizo/
makuboniswe kwizibiyeli ulwazi, kwaye yenziwe
phambi kwentetho. Bonisa ngembeko enkulu. Oku
imeko phambi kokuba kusetyenziswa neendlela
uqalise ukubhala ezaziwayo zokucela,
imibuzo neengcebiso.
Ukwandisa ulwazi: isivi (CV) neleta ehamba nayo, isms, iimeyile, ifeksi, imiyalezo emifutshane, imizekelo, imiyalezo
lumatshini wokuphendula amanqaku nemiyalezo exhonywa efrijini
39
Ubude beetekisi ezibhaliweyo eziza kuveliswa
IBanga Inani lamagama
Izincoko: Esibalisayo / esichazayo 10 90-120 amagama
11 120-150 amagama
12 150-180 amagama
Imihlathi emide:
Ileta yobuhlobo / esesikweni (yesicelo / yesikhalazo / yesicelo 60 - 80 amagama
10-12
somsebenzi / yoshishino / yombulelo / yovuyiswano / yovelwano) / (umxholo kuphela)
ingxelo emfutshane okanye irivyu yefilim / intetho / ingxoxo yababini
Imihlathi emifutshane:
Izibhengezo/iintengiso / izingeniso zedayari / iiposikhadi / amakhadi
10-12 40-60 amagama
ezimemo / ukugcwalisa iifomu / izalathiso / imiyalelo / iiflaya /
iipowusta / ii-imeyile

3.4 Izakhi nemigaqo yoKUSETYENZISWA KOlwimi - uluhlu olubonisayo
Ezi zakhi nemigaqo yolwimi ilandelayo ziza kufundiswa ngokomxholo wokufunda nokubhala nanjengenxalenye yenkqubo
yegrama eyondeleleneyo. Ezinye izakhiwo nemigaqo ziza kube sele zifundiswe kumabanga angaphambili kodwa zinokuhlaziywa
apha. Ezinye izakhi zokusetyenziswa kolwimi ziyaqala ukufundiswa apha kwisiGaba seFET.
Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi

Ukuphuhliswa kwesigama nokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Izifanokuthi / izithethantonye, Izichasi , Amagama angcambu-nye, Oomabizwahluke, Oomabizwafane, Igama elinye endaweni
yebinzana
Izafobe (isifaniso, isimntwiso, isinxulumaniso, ubaxo/ubabazo/ugqithiso, uchasaniso, isigqebelo, ukuphela kovuthondaba,
ukudlala ngamagama antsingiselo imbaxa, isikweko)
(Ukwandisa ulwazi: isihlekiso, isimboli, uvumephika, iparadoksi, isihlonipho, intetho engenabuzaza, igama elimele elinye,
isifanodumo, oksimoroni)
Amagama emboleko, amagama amatsha nemvelaphi yamagama.
Izaci namaqhalo
Izakhi zamagama: Izimaphambili, iingcambu nezimamva
IZAKHI ZEZIVAKALISI IINDIDI
Izibizo Izibizo ezakhiwe kwezinye izigaba zentetho

Izibizo ezakhiwe kwizenzi
Izibizo ezakhiwe kwezinye izibizo
Izibizo ezakhiwe kwizichazi
Izibizo ezakhiwe kwizifanekisozwi
Izibizo ezakhiwe kwizikhuzo
Izibizo ezimbaxa
Intloko nenjongosenzi
Isini
Isininzi
Izinciphiso
Isandiso
Izakhi zamagama Izimaphambili, iingcambu nezimamva
Izimelabizo Isimelabizo soqobo
Isimelabizo soqobo sokugxininisa
Isimelabizo sokukhomba
Isimelabizo soquko
Isimelabizo sochazo
Isimelabizo sokukumbi
Isimelabizo sokunye
Izichazi Isiphawuli
Isibaluli
Isimnini
Esoquko
Esokukumbi / esobalo
Izihlomelo Iindidi zezihlomelo
Isihlomelo sexesha
Isihlomelo sendawo
Isihlomelo sobunjani
Izihlomelo ezakhiwe kwezinye izigaba zentetho
41
Upelo lwamagama Iindlela zokupela amagama
Imigaqo nemiqathango yopelo lwamagama
Ufinyezo lwamagama
Ushunqulo lwamagama
Izenzi Izenzi namaxesha azo
Izixando zezenzi
Iintlobo zezenzi
Iimilo zezenzi
Izivumelanisi Esentloko
esenjongosenzi
esentsusa sesiphawuli
esongezelelweyo sesiphawuli
esentsusa sesibaluli
esongezelelweyo sesibaluli
esesimnini, njalo njalo.
Iimo Imo evumayo
Imo elandulayo
Ulwazi olunzulu Ukhuliswa / ukwakhiwa kolwazi olunzulu lolwimi:
Ukuphicotha / ukuphonononga nokusebenzisa amagama anentsingiselo ezimbini / ezahlukeneyo
Ukuphicotha / ukuphonononga ukuba imiyalezo efihlakeleyo, ukuxabiseka, ukuziphatha kwiitekisi
kuveza inxaxheba yesithethi / umphulaphuli / umfingi / umphononongi.
Ukwahlula phakathi kwentsingiselo yentsusa nefihlakeleyo.
Ukuphonononga ulwimi olucalanye, oludlelelelayo, olugweba phambi kokuba uve noluqulethe
neengcinga ezibethelelekileyo.
Izakhi zezivakalisi Intetho
Imibuzo
Umyalelo / uhlobo lokuyalela
Upelo Iindlela zopelo, imithetho nemigaqo yopelo, izifinyezo, Ii-akhronim
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Oomabizwahluke, oomabizwafane, izithethantonye
nezafobe
Izafobe: isifaniso, isikweko, isihlonipho, isimntwiso, imfanozandi, izifanadumo, ubaxo/ubabazo/
ugqithiso, uchasaniso, isigqebelo, impoxo, ukudodobala kobushushu bovuthondaba, imiqondiso,
ukudlala ngamagama, ukuphumla nophinda-phindo
Izaci nomaqhalo
Amagama abolikiweyo
Iimpawu zokubhala Iqhagamshela (-)
Iikholoni (:)
Isimeli-nobumba (’)
Iimpawu zocaphulo (“…”)
Izibiyeli ()
Uphawu loshiyelelo lwamagama okanye amabinzana kwisivakalisi (…)
Isingxi (.)
Isiphumlisi (,)
Uphawu-mbuzo (?)
Uphawu lokhuzo (!)
Isemikholoni (;)

Ulwazi olunzulu lokusetyenziswa kolwimi

• Intsingiselo equkiweyo nentelekelelo ezenziweyo.
• Uluvo lombhali / lomvelisi / lombalisi / lomlinganiswa ze unike izimvo ezixhasayo ezivela kwitekisi
• Ulwimi oluchukumisayo noluqhathayo.
• Ulwimi olucalanye, oludlelelelayo, olugweba phambi kokuba uve noluqulethe neengcinga ezibethelelekileyo.
• Iingcinga ezithile nokucacisa ifuthe lazo.
• Intsingiselo yentsusa nefihlakeleyo
• Iinjongo zokubandakanywa okanye ukushiyelelwa kolwazi oluthile
3.5. Izicwangciso zokufundisa
Olu xwembu lucebisa ukuba umjikelo ngamnye uza kuquka iyunithi enye nangaphezulu ugxininisa kwezi zakhono:
ukuphulaphula, ukuthetha, ukufunda, ukubukela, ukubhala, ukunikezela nolwimi. Umjikelo ngamnye uza kubonelela
ngemisebenzi yabafundi ukuze bafunde okanye babukele uluhlu lwetekisi zeorali, zokubhala kunye nezibonwayo.
Kumjikelo ngamnye imisebenzi iza kutsala umdla wabafundi ekulungiseni ulwimi neendidi zejenra. Ngonyaka,
malunga ne 18 yale mijikelo izakuqulatha yonke imibandela yekharityhulam kwiveki eziyi - 36. Ukungeza,
umgangatho wobunzima kwinkalo zonke uzakukhula ukusuka kwikota ukuya kwenye ikota nokusuka kunyakan kuye
komnye unyaka, ngeminyaka emithathu, abafundi baya kube bekulungele ukubhala iimviwo zokuphela konyaka
zebanga le-12. Ukuqhubela phambili kukwayinxalanye yokulungisa inkqubo yokufundisa. Isakhiwo sinika abafundi
nootitshala ithuba lokwakha imeko / umxholo, ukuqinisa isigama, ukuze babenakho ukuziqhelanisa nezakhi zolwimi
ngeeveki ezimbini phambi kokuba badlulele kwezinye izakhono. Kwangaxesha nye inika intlobo ngentlobo kwaye
ingatshintshwa ukulungiselela iimfuno zeqela. Umzekelo “Impilo” ngumxholo oqhelekileyo wokufundisa, kodwa
ungalandelwa ngumjikelo omalunga “Ubuhlobo”.
Ukufundiswa kolwimi ngokubandakanya: umjikelo wokufundisa
Xa ufundisa, unxulumaniso lucebisa intlobo ngentlobo: intlobo ngentlobo zemilo, imisebenzi, iitekisi nemixholo
(jonga imixholo ecetyisiweyo - khangela uluhlu olungezantsi). Xa uyila umjikelo ubandakanyiweyo weveki
ezimbini, utitshala angadibanisa imisebenzi emalunga nesihloko esithile umz imali, umba othile, umz ukutshaya
akulunganga empilweni yakho, uncwadi, isakhono esivela kwikharityhulam umz ingxoxo yababini, incoko, ukubhala
okuchazayo okanye itekisi okanye iqela leetekisi ezivela “kwiitekisi ezisetyinzisiweyo kufundiso lwezakhono zolwimi
ngokubandakanya.”
Ukulandelelana kwezifundo kumjikelo weveki ezimbini kungalandelelana nakanjani na, umz umjikelo ungaqala
ngokufunda, ze uqhubekeke nencoko (ukuthetha) ze ilandelwe kukubhala. Isenokuba yitekisi yoncwadi (apho
kuyimfuneko) okanye enye itekisi ingasetyenziswa ukuwenza imisebenzi eyilwe apha ngezantsi. .
Utitshala makhethe uncwadi xa kusenziwa itekisi yofundo loncwadi. Isenokuba sisihobe okanye amabali amafutshane
okanye igrama emfutshane. (jonga “ iitekisi ezisetyenzisiweyo kufundiso lwezakhono zolwimi ngokubandakanya”).
Oku kubonakala njengokufunda / ukubukela kwisicwangciso sokufundisa njengeetekisi zoncwadi.
Le kharityhulam ibonisa ugxininiso olucacileyo lolwimi. Xa ufundisa ulwimi luyakuthabatha malunga neyure kumjikelo
ngamnye weveki ezimbini, malufundiswe ngokusemxholweni nesakhono sokubhala nokufunda ukuze luphinde
lufundiswe luzimele phoqo. Ukongeza kufundiso lolwimi olucangcwisiweyo kuyakubakho nokufundiswa kukulungisa
iimpazamo okanye uhlaziyo lolwimi oluvela kwimpazama ezivela kokubhalwe ngabafundi.
43
Imixholo ecetyiswayo - uluhlu lokungqinisisa
• Uqhagamshelwano • Umculo
• Inkcubeko • Abahlali / abantu basekuhlaleni
• Amaphupha • Ilizwe lam
• imfundo • Indalo / ubume bemeko yendalo
• imibhiyozo • Ezopolitiko
• impilo • Ezenkolo
• Ubuwena • Abantu abangumzekelo omhle / amaqhawe lakho (Role
models)
• Imisebenzi / imali
• Imidlalo
• Umthetho
• Ubugcisa
• Uvuyo / izinto zokuzonwabisa
• Ukhenketho
• Uthando / ukuzonwabisa / ubuhlobo
• Ubomi basedolophini / ubomi basemaphandleni
Ukujika isicwangcwiso sokufunda sibe yimisebenzi yokufunda nokufundisa
Umzekele osekwe kwisicwangcwiso sokufundisa iBanga 10, Ikota 3, Iiveki 23 no24 (12 x 40 imizuzu yesifundo) =
iiyure ezisi-8 zokufundisa
Iiveki Ukuphulaphula Ukufunda nokubukela Ukubhala nokunikezela Izakhi nemigaqo

nokuthetha iiyure ezi -3 iiyure ezi- 2 yokusetyenziswa
iiyure ezi- 2 kolwimi
Iyure e-1 (ibandakanyiwe
kwaye iyagxininiswa)
Ukuphulaphula Ukufunda ngenjongo Umhlathi omfutshane: Ukubethelela uhlobo
ngenjongo yokuqonda lokuyalela / umyalelo
ukufundisa nokuxoxa
yokophulaphual:
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama ngeempawu zokubhala Izakhi zolwimi: isivakalisi
Phulaphula ze
nokusetyenziswa kolwimi umyalezo omfutshane esiqulathe umxholo
unikezele umz imiyalezo
umz i-imeyile / amanqaku neenkcukacha ezixhasayo
23 no 24
emifutshane / imiyalelo / Itekisi yoncwadi:

nemiyalezo exhonywa
izaziso Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi Amaxesha ezenzi
efrijini / imiyalezo
ngenjongo yokufumana
Ukuthetha lumatshini wokuphendula Isigama
ulwazi nokuqonda
okungalungiselelwanga: ngokusemxholweni
Ukubhala umyalezo
umz umdlalo omfutshane kwizihloko
wokulinganisa ngezihloko
Umxholo womjikelo: Ukubhala imiyalezo. Imixholwana: Izimemo
Isifundo 1: (iorali kuphela)
• Intshayelelo: Ukuphulaphula itekisi enesigama esinxulumene nomxholo.
• Ukuchaza isigama esitsha.
• Umsebenzi wasekhaya: Imisebenzi yesigama esitsha.
• Ukuphulaphula (ubuncinane kathathu) ukuba itekisi iphi umz imiyalezo eshiywe kamatshini wokuphendula.
• Abafundi bayaphulaphula ze bacinge eyabo imizekelo yemiyalezo emifutshane, abazakwabelana ngayo

eklasini.
• Umsebenzi wasekhaya: Ukubhala umz imizekelo emibini engeyabo yemiyalezo emifutshane.

• Umz Umdlalo wokulinganisa umema umhlobo ukuba niye kwenye indawo.
• Utitshala wenza uluhlu lwempazamoezenziwa rhoqo ze anike ingxelo kubafundi.
Isifundo 4: (ukufunda kuphela)
• Ukufunda umz umbongo ongobuhlobo.
• Isigama esitsha esicacisiweyo.
• Ukuxoxa ukuqinisekisa ukuqonda itekisi.
Isifundo 5: (ukufunda kuphela)
• Imibuzo yokuqonda (ebhaliweyo) kwitekisi yesifundo sesi - 4
• Ukufunda imizekelo embalwa yemiyalezo emifutshane.
• Ulwimi lokulungisa iimpazamo ezenziwa rhoqo kokubhaliweyo kwamakishwa kwisifundo sesi -2 umsebenzi
wasekhaya.
Isifundo 6 (ukufunda nolwimi)
• Iimpawu zokunxulumanisa ulwimi kwitekisi
• Ukucalula isakhiwo semiyalezo emifutshane eyahlukeneyo
• Umsebenzi wasekhaya: imisebenzi yolwimi.
Isifundo 7: (ukufunda kuphela nolwimi olubandakanyiweyo)
• Ukumakisha umsebenzi wasekhaya.
• Ukubethelela impawu zolwimi ezikwisifundo sesi -6
Isifundo 8: (ukubhala)
• Imisebenzi yaphambi kokufunda: Ukufunda umz iimeyile yomhlobo emema abafundi kwiholide.
- Ukuxoxa ngeempawu zokubhala umyalezo umfutshane umz iimeyile / amanqaku nemiyalezo exhonywa
efrijini / imiyalezo lumatshini wokuphendula
• Umsebenzi wasekhaya: Isigama - amagama angaqhelekanga kwitekisi (Umsebenzi wesichazi - magama)
Isifundo 9: (ukuphela kuphela)
• Abafundi baqokelela izimvo ngokubhala umz baphendula ileta yomhlobo kwisifundo sesi-8.
• Ukubhala idrafti yokuqala.
45
Isifundo 10: (ngokuxubeneyo)
• Abantwana baphulaphula ze bafunde imizekelo yesimemo esikwenye imilo umz ingxoxo yababini
• Abantwana bayamemana ukuya kwindawo ezahlukeneyo besebenzisa isigama esitsha esikwisifundo sesi-8 -
bangayilibali ingxelo yesifundo sesi-3 (iorali).
Isifundo 11: (ngokuxubeneyo)
• Utitshala unika abafundi ingxelo ngempazamo ezenzeka roqo xa kubhalwa idrafti yokuqala.
• Iimpawu zolwimi ezibandakanyiweyo.
• Imisebenzi yokulungisa impazamo kwiimpawu zolwimi.
Isifundo 12: (ukubhala kuphela)
• Ukubhala idrafti yokugqibela
• Abafundi bafunda iziqwengana ezibhalwe ngabanye njengomsebenzi wamaxa sele kugqityiwe ukufunda.
Kulamaphepha alandelayo izicwangcwiso zokufunda zinikiwe zamabanga 10, 11 no 12. Nceda uqwalasele ukuba le
YIMIZEKELO kuphela ebonisa indlela yokulungiselels ukufundisa ulwimi lwesibini olongezelelweyo ngonyaka.

3.5.1 IBANGA 10: izicwangiso zokufundisa
IBANGA 10 IKOTA 1
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi • Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi ochazayo: Iinkcazelo, isakhiwo
sezivakalisi (Intloko,
Ngababini neklasi yonke: • Ukufunda ngokunzulu Ukubhala umhlathi
isenzi, injongosenzi),
kweetekisi ezimfutshane ochazayo. Kugxininiswa
ukwazisa umlingane isichazi
ngenjongo kwisigama nolwakhiwo
wakho usebenzisa ulwazi
yokushwankathela lwezivakalisi nokucacisa. Ukusetyenziswa
olunikiweyo
nothabatha amanqaku kwexesha langoku
Kugxininiswa:
• Ukufunda itekisi enika Isigama esivela kwiitekisi
Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
ulwazi (umz umhlathi efundiweyo
ocazayo) Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
1-2
kokubhala, ukuyila/
• Ukuqonda nokwazisa
ukwenza iidrafti,
imiba eyinyani elula ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
obalulekile nezimvo ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Ukufunda okuzimeleyo
okongezelelweyo / Isakhiwo setekisi
ukubukela: neempawu zolwimi
ukufundisa iprojekthi (Jonga ku3.3)
yokufunda okungezelweyo
Ukuphulaphulela uluvo: Itekisi yoncwadi: Umhlathi obalisayo: Ukuveza / ukubonakalisa

imvakalelo: izihlomelo
Ukuveza uluvo ngesihloko Intshayelelo kuncwadi. Ukubhala imihlathi
neziphawuli (uhlaziyo)
esixoxwe eklasini emibini ebalisayo
Intshayelelo yeempawu
enxulumene nemiba Umsebenzi wokulungisa
zoncwadi
ibiphicothwa kwitwkisi impazamo zolwimi
Ukufunda ngokunzulu yoncwadi. kokubhalwe ngabafundi
kweetekisi ezimfutshane
Kugxininiswa: Isigama:
ezibhaliweyo ngenjongo
yokuqonda kwizivakalisi Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Ukwakhiwa kwezihlomelo
nakwimihlathi (umz. ngokukhawuleza
Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
- wabaleka
Kugxininiswa kuphawu kokubhala, ukuyila/
ngokukhawuleza)
olunye olukhethiweyo ze ukwenza iidrafti,
3-4
neziphawuli (umz mhle -

kuxoxwe umsebenzi walo. ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
lo mntwana mhle)
ukulungisa iziphene
Ukufunda nokuxoxa
nokunikezela Amaqondo okuthelekisa
ngetekisi
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Okanye
Ukubhala imihlathi emibini
apho uveza khona
uluvo lwakho ngesihloko
ebesixoxwe eklasini.
47
IBANGA 10 IKOTA 1
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omde Izakhi nemigaqo
nokuqonda: kweetekisi ezimfutshane Ingxoxo yababini yamabinzana nezivakalisi
ezibhaliweyo ngenjongo
Ukufundisa iimpawu Kugxininiswa: Imigaqo yeempawu
yokuqonda kwizivakalisi
zokuphulaphulela ulwazi zokubhala zentetho-ngqo
nakwimihlathi Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
nokuqonda / ingxelo-ntetho nengxoxo
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Ukucwangcisa/ phambi yababini
Isicatshulwa esifundwayo
sokuveza uluvo kokubhala, ukuyila/
umz incoko eqhutywa Amagama okubuza
ukwenza iidrafti,
5-6
ngumlinganiswa, ingxoxo Itekisi eveza uluvo / imibuzo

ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
yababini okanye ibali ingcinga
ukulungisa iziphene Isigama: esinxulumene
elifutshane lesicatshulwa
Ukuchonga nokucacisa nokunikezela netekisi efundiweyo
esiphulaphulwayo
ngoluvo / ingcinga
Isakhiwo setekisi
zombhali
neempawu zolwimi
Le tekisi ingazalana
(Jonga ku3.3)
nomxholo osetyenziswe
ekuphulaphuleni
Ukuthetha Itekisi yoncwadi: Umhlathi omfutshane: Impawu zokubhala
okungalungiselelwanga intetho-ngqo nengxelo-
Ukulandela ukwakhiwa Ukuzalisa ifomu umz.
ntetho (ukuhlaziyo)
Incoko gabalala kwabalinganiswa kwibali yokhuphiswano
elifutshane / ingxoxo Umsebenzi wokulungisa
kwiimpawu zombongo impazamo zolwimi
7-8
kokubhalwe ngabafundi
Itekisi yoncwadi:
Isigama: ukufumana
Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi
iintsingiselo zamagama
kwisifundo - isichazi-
ulwazi nokuqonda
magama
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omfutshane: Izenzi, Izichazi nezibizo -
nokuqonda: kweetekisi ezineentlobo uhlaziyo olubandakanywe
Ukufundisa iimpawu
ngeentlobo nokufunda nokubhala
Ukuphulaphula iindidi nokwakha ipowusta /
zonxibelelwano
zeetekisi umz ingoma / iflaya umz eyomnyhadala Ukucacisa ngentsingiselo
nezibonwayo
amazwi engoma Ingxoxo womculo zezenzi, izihlomelo
9 and 10
Ukufundisa iimpawu nezibizo xa zisetyenzisiwe

Okanye
zetekisi ebonwayo
Umsebenzi wokulungisa
Ukubalisa ibali: iprojekti
Ukubukela nokuxoxa impazamo zolwimi
yokulungisa iimpazamo
ngeendidi zeetekisi kokubhalwe ngabafundi
zokufunda
ezibonwayo umz igrafu,
Isigama:
umzobo, ifoto.
ngokusemxholweni
Imisebenzi yokuhlola esesikweni nenyanzelekileyo yekota -1
Umsebenzi 1 Umsebenzi 2 Umsebenzi 3 Umsebenzi 4
Iorali: Iorali: Ukubhala: Uvavanyo - 1:

Isicatshulwa Incoko Umhlathi omde / omfutshane Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
esiphulaphulwayo umz ingxoxo yababini ngokusemxholweni:
Okanye Isicatshulwa
Isishwankathelo
Ipowusta / iflaya
Izakhi nemigaqo
yokusetyenziswa kolwimi

IBANGA 10 IKOTA 2
nokuthetha yokusetyenziswa
iiyure ezi -3 iiyure ezi- 2
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omfutshane: Izihlanganisi
okungalungiselelwanga: kweetekisi ezimfutshane
Ukubhala izalathiso Izihlanganisi ezibhekisa
Ukunika imiyalelo okanye imiyalelo umz kwinto ebikhe
ulwazi kwigama elo:
nezalathiso (umz uyenza ngendlela yokwenza yachatshazelwaumz (kuba
njani ikomityi yeti) Ukufunda imizekelo ikomityi yeti ngoba njalo njalo)
11 - 12
bengamaqela / ngabanye yemiyalelo okanye

Izimaphambili nezimamva
izalathiso
(uhlaziyo)
Isigama: esinxulumene
netekisi efundiweyo /
neetekisi ezifundiweyo
Ukuthetha Itekisi: Umhlathi omde: Uhlaziyo nokufundiswa
okulungiselelweyo kwamaxesha ezenzi
Ukufunda ukuze uchonge Intetho elungiselelweyo
nokunikezela:
ze uxoxe ngomsebenzi Umsebenzi wokulungisa
Kugxininiswa:
U kuxoxa ngeempawu umz amaxesha ezenzi impazamo zolwimi
zentetho elungiselelweyo afundisiweyo Kwinkqubo yokubhala: kokubhalwe ngabafundi
Ukuthetha Ukucwangcisa/ phambi Isigama
okulungiselelweyo kokubhala, ukuyila/ ngokusemxholweni
13 - 14
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Itekisi ebonwayo Umhlathi omfutshane: Izakhi nemigaqo

yamabinzana nezivakalisi
Isicatshulwa Ukufunda nokucacisa Ukubhala isibhengezo
esiphulaphulwayo 2 - / nokutolika iimpawu / iposikhadi / ikhadi Umsebenzi wokulungisa
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi umz ikhathuni, izicwili lesimemo impazamo zolwimi
oluthile zezihlekiso / iividiyo kokubhalwe ngabafundi
Kugxininiswa:
zezihlekiso
Umz umz isibhengezo/ Isigama
intengiso esiviwayo Itekisi yoncwadi ngokusemxholweni
15 - 16
okanye ingxoxo yababini Ukucwangcisa/ phambi

kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ulwazi nokuqonda
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
49
IBANGA 10 IKOTA 2
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Itekisi yoncwadi: Imihlathi ochazayo / Ukuchonga nokubethelela
okulungiselelweyo obalisayo: iindidi zezakhi nemigaqo
nokunikezela: yolwimi
ngenjongo yokufumana Ukubhala isicatshulwa
Umdlalo wokulinganisa ulwazi nokuqonda Isigama
esinemihlathi emibini
kumyalezo njengoko ngokusemxholweni
kwitekisi yoncwadi
ubonisiwe kwitekisi
ekhethiweyo njengoko
yoncwadi
ixoxiwe
Kugxininiswa:
17 - 18
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
19 - 20
Iimviwo zaphakathi enyakeni / zeyeSilimela/zangoJuni
Umsebenzi 5 Umsebenzi 6 Umsebenzi 7
Iorali: Uncwadi: Iimviwo zaphakathi enyakeni /

zeyeSilimela/zangoJuni:
Ukuthetha okulungiselelweleyo Imibuzo emifutshane
Iphepha 1 – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
ngokusemxholweni noncwadi
Iphepha 2 – Ukubhala

IBANGA 10 IKOTA 3
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omde: Ukuvumelana kwentloko
okulungiselelweyo kweetekisi ezininzi nesivumelanisi kwisenzi
Ileta yobuhlobo
ngenjongo: ngenjongo yokuqonda neziphawuli kwizakhi
itekisi xa iyonke: Kugxininiswa: zesivakalisi.
Ukufunda ugxininisa
kutyibiliko / kuqhabalako, Ukufundela ukuncoma: Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Ukulandelelana
ukubizwa kwamagama Ukucwangcisa/ phambi kwamagama
Ukufunda imizekelo
nethoni kokubhala, ukuyila/
yeeleta zobuhlobo Isigama
21-22
umz ileta yobuhlobo ukwenza iidrafti, ngokusemxholweni

ebhalwe ngumfundi / ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
umlingane / ngabanye ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela Ukufundela ukuqonda Umhlathi omfutshane: Ukubethelela uhlobo
ukusebenzisana: lokuyalela / umyalelo
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama umyalezo omfutshane
Ukuphulaphula nokusetyenziswa kolwimi umz i-imeyile / amanqaku Izakhi zolwimi: isivakalisi
nokunikezela umz nemiyalezo exhonywa esiqulathe umxholo
Itekisi yoncwadi:
imiyalezo emifutshane / efrijini / umyalezo oshiywe neenkcukacha ezixhasayo
imiyalelo / izaziso Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi kumatshini wokuphendula.
Amaxesha ezenzi
yokuncoma ulwazi
Ukuthetha bhala ngezihloko
nokuqonda Isigama
okungalungiselelwanga: ezahlukeneyo
ngokusemxholweni
Umdlalo wokulinganiswa Kugxininiswa:
23 - 24
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Itekisi yoncwadi Isincoko esibalisayo: Izakhi nemigaqo
okulungiselelweyo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi Umz Balisa isiganeko
ngenjongo:
yokuncoma ulwazi esihlekisayo / Umsebenzi wokulungisa
Umz itekisi ekhethiweyo. nokuqonda esonwabisayo impazamo zolwimi
Kugxininiswa:
Isigama
ngokusemxholweni
25 - 26
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
51
IBANGA 10 IKOTA 3
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Itekisi yoncwadi Umhlathi ochazayo / Ithoni, ilizwi, ifuthe lentlobo
nokuqonda: obalisayo: zezenzi
Ukuphulaphula idrama yokuncoma ulwazi Ukubhala imihlathi emibini Isigama
yerediyo / intetho nokuqonda apho uveza ze uxhase ngokusemxholweni
erekhodishiweyo / umdlalo uluvo lwakho ngomba
wokulinganisa / umdlalo othile
ofundwayo
Kugxininiswa:
27 - 28
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuthetha Itekisi yoncwadi Umhlathi omfutshane: Izibizo
okungalungiselelwanga
Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi Ungeniso kwidayari Isinye nesininzi
Incoko ezalana netekisi yokuncoma ulwazi
Kugxininiswa: Umsebenzi wokulungisa
yoncwadi / neetekisi nokuqonda
impazamo zolwimi
zoncwadi Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
Ukufunda okuzimeleyo kokubhalwe ngabafundi
okongezelelweyo / Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
Isigama esinxulumene
ukubukela kokubhala, ukuyila/
netekisi efundiweyo
29 - 30
ukwenza iidrafti,
Itekisi yokwandisa
ulwazi umz ukuphupha
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Imisebenzi yokuhlola esesikweni nenyanzelekileyo yekota - 3
Iorali: Ukubhala: Uvavanyo 2:

Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Isincoko Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
okulungiselelweyo / incoko ngokusemxholweni:
Isicatshulwa
Isishwankathelo
Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa
kolwimi
Okanye
Uncwadi: Imibuzo emifutshane

IBANGA 10 IKOTA 4
Ukuphulphulela ulwazi: Ukufundela Umhlathi omde: Izixando
Ingxoxo ulwazi olunzulu Ukubhala ileta Intsingiselo yentsusa
lokusetyenziswa yokukhuthaza umhlobo / nefihlakeleyo
kolwimi: ukubulela ititshala
Umz ukuveza uvakalelo, Isigama
Kugxininiswa: ngokusemxholweni
imiyalezo eyahlukeneyo
ukulungiselela lowo uza Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
kuwufunda Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
31 - 32
Ukwandisa ulwazi: Imiba kokubhala, ukuyila/

yokufunda ngokunzulu ukwenza iidrafti,
Ukuchonga intsingiselo ukulungisa iziphene
yentsusa. nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Itekisi yoncwadi Umhlathi omfutshane Izixando
Ukuziqhelanisa Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi Ukubhala amanqaku abe Izihlanganisi
nokuthabatha amanqaku yokuncoma ulwazi zizivakalisi ezipheleleyo Umsebenzi wokulungisa
Ukuphulaphulela nokuqonda Ukubhala impazamo zolwimi
ukufumana amanqaku Itekisi yoncwadi: isishwankathelo kokubhalwe ngabafundi
aphambili, imizekelo njalo
njalo Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi • Ukufundisa Isigama
yokuncoma ulwazi iimpawu zokubhala ngokusemxholweni
nokuqonda isishwankathelo
• Ukushwankathela
itekisi
33 - 34
ngokwamanqaku
Kugxininiswa:
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela Ukufunda okuzimeleyo Umhlathi omde: Imilo echubekileyo
ukuncoma: okongezelelweyo / Ileta yokuncoma / namabinzana okubulela.
Umz umculo, ukufunda ukubukela: ebonakalisa okonwaba Imilo efanelekileyo
okurekhodishiweyo, Ukuncoma Kugxininiswa: yasekuhlaleni yokuthetha /
iingoma, isicengcelezo nokuzonwabisa. Kwinkqubo yokubhala: nabantu
sombongo Irejista
35 - 36
kokubhala, ukuyila/ Isigama

ukwenza iidrafti, ngokusemxholweni
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
53
IBANGA 10 IKOTA 4
Ukuthetha Itekisi yoncwadi: Ukulungiselela iimviwo: Umsebenzi wesichazi
okungalungiselelwanga: magama / ukuziqhelanisa
eyohlaziyo Ukubhala nayiphi na
namaqhalo nezaci /
Uhlaziyo: ingxoxo into oyikhethe kwezo
iintetho ezihambelana
yeklasi neyeqela zifundisiweyo - ukukhetha
netekisi efundiweyo
engalungiselelwanga isihloko ze uqokelele
lokulungiselela iimviwo izimvo / imephu Umsebenzi wokulungisa
yengqondo impazamo zolwimi
Kugxininiswa:
Isigama
37 - 38
ngokusemxholweni
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
39 - 40
Iimviwo zokuphela konyaka
Umsebenzi 11
Iimviwo zokuphela konyaka:

Iphepha 1 – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokusemxholweni noncwadi
Iphepha 3 – *Iiorali
* Iiorali: Inqaku lonyaka eliqokelelwe kwizakhono zokuthetha zokuphulaphula nokufunda. Amanqaku asekupheleni konyaka
aquka umsebenzi omnye wokuthetha, omnye wokuphulaphula, omnye wokufunda ngokukhwaza okulungiselelweyo
nomsebenzi omnye oyincoko.

3.5.2 IsiCwangciso sokuFundisa iBanga 11
IBANGA 11 IKOTA 1
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi: Ukufunda ngokunzulu Isincoko esichazayo Iinkcazelo, isakhiwo
kweetekisi ezimfutshane sezivakalisi (Intloko,
Ngababini neklasi yonke: Kugxininiswa:
ngenjongo isenzi, injongosenzi),
Ukwazisa umlingane yokushwankathela Kwinkqubo yokubhala isichazi
wakho usebenzisa ulwazi nokuthabatha
Ukucwangcisa/ phambi Ukusetyenziswa
olunikiweyo amanqaku:
kokubhala, ukuyila/ kwexesha langoku
Itekisi enika ulwazi (umz ukwenza iidrafti,
Isigama esivela kwiitekisi
umhlathi ochazayo ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
efundiweyo
ukulungisa iziphene
Isishwankathelo esilula
1-2
nokunikezela
samanqaku aphambili
Isakhiwo setekisi
Ukufundisa inyani
neempawu zolwimi
noluvo
(Jonga ku3.3)
okongezelelweyo:
Ukufundisa
iprojekthi yokufunda
okongezelelweyo
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Ukufundela ukuqonda: Isincoko esichazayo Ukuveza / ukubonakalisa
nokuqonda: imvakalelo: izihlomelo
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Ukubhala isincoko
neziphawuli (uhlaziyo)
Ukufundisa iimpawu nokusetyenziswa kolwimi esichazayo
zokuphulaphula Isigama:
Itekisi yoncwadi Kugxininiswa:
yokuncoma ulwazi
Ukwakhiwa kwezihlomelo
nokuqonda • Ukufundiswa koncwadi Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
(umz. ngokukhawuleza
Umsebenzi wesicatshulwa • Ukugxininisa kwiimpawu Ukucwangcisa/ phambi - wabaleka
nokuxoxa ngemisebenzi
3-4
esiphulaphulwayo kokubhala, ukuyila/ ngokukhawuleza)

yazo. ukwenza iidrafti, neziphawuli (umz mhle -
• Ukufunda nokuxoxa ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela, lo mntwana mhle)
ukulungisa iziphene
ngetekisi Amaqondo okuthelekisa
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi: Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omde: Imigaqo yeempawu
kweetekisi ezimfutshane Bhala ingxoxo yababini zokubhala intetho - ngqo
Ukuphulaphulela uluvo
ezibhaliweyo nengxoxo yababini
Ukubhala ingxoxo
Ukuveza uluvo lwakho yokuncoma ulwazi
yababini Izihlanganisi
ngesihloko esixoxwa kwigama elo:
eklasini • Ukufundisa isigama Kugxininiswa: Amagama okubuza
sokuveza uluvo imibuzo
Ukuthetha Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
okulungiselelweyo • Itekisi ebonisa uluvo / Isigama: esinxulumene
nokunikezela netekisi efundiweyo
5-6
ingcinga kokubhala, ukuyila/

Umdlalo wokulinganisa • Ukuchonga nokuchaza ukwenza iidrafti, Umsebenzi wokulungisa
uluvo lombhali / iingc- ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela, impazamo zolwimi
inga. ukulungisa iziphene kokubhalwe ngabafundi
• Ukuchaza iingcinga nokunikezela
zakho / uluvo lwakho Isakhiwo setekisi
• Le tekisi ingazalana neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
ekuphulaphuleni
55
IBANGA 11 IKOTA 1
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omfutshane: Impawu zokubhala
okungalungiselelwanga:
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Ukuzalisa ifomu umz Intetho-ngqo nengxelo -
Incoko, iimpawu zetekisi nokusetyenziswa kolwimi ifomu yokwenza isicelo ntetho
yoncwadi efundiweyo
Itekisi yoncwadi: Kugxininiswa: Izibizo
• Ukufunda itekisi Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Izimelabizo
yoncwadi ngenjongo
zokufumana ulwazi Ukucwangcisa/ phambi Umsebenzi wokulungisa
7-8
nokuqonda kokubhala, ukuyila/ impazamo zolwimi

ukwenza iidrafti, kokubhalwe ngabafundi
• Ukulandela ukwakhiwa ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
komlinganiswa kwibali Isigama
ukulungisa iziphene
elifutshane / ingxoxo ngokusemxholweni
ngeempawu zombongo nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omfutshane: Izenzi, Izichazi nezibizo -
nokuqonda: kweetekisi ezineentlobo uhlaziyo olubandakanywe
Ipowusta / iflaya umz
Ukuphulaphula iindidi eyomnyhadala wokonyusa
zonxibelelwano
zeetekisi umz ingoma / ingxowa Ukucacisa ngentsingiselo
nezibonwayo:
amazwi engoma zezenzi, izihlomelo
• Ukufundisa iimpawu Kugxininiswa:
nezibizo xa zisetyenzisiwe
Ingxoxo zetekisi ebonwayo Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
Okanye • Ukubukela nokuxoxa Ukucwangcisa/ phambi impazamo zolwimi
9 - 10
Ukubalisa ibali: iprojekti ngeendidi zeetekisi kokubhala, ukuyila/ kokubhalwe ngabafundi

ezibonwayo umz igrafu,
yokulungisa iimpazamo ukwenza iidrafti,
umzobo, ifoto. Isigama:
zokufunda ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
ngokusemxholweni
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Iorali: Iorali: Ukubhala: Uvavanyo 1:

Isicatshulwa Incoko Umhlathi omfutshane / omde Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
esiphulaphulwayo ngokusemxholweni:
Isicatshulwa
Isishwankathelo
Izakhi nemigaqo

IBANGA 11 IKOTA 2
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omfutshane: Uhlobo lokuyalela
okungalungiselelwanga: kweetekisi ezimfutshane Ukubhala izalathiso
Izihlanganisi
ezibhaliweyo ngenjongo okanye imiyalelo umz
Ukunika imiyalelo
yokuqonda kwigama elo: indlela yokufumana Izimelabizo
nezalathiso (isikhokhelo
indawo ethile usebenzisa
sendlela yebhasi) Ukufunda imizekelo Izihlanganisi ezibhekisa
isikhokhelo sendlela
bengamaqela / ngabanye yemiyalelo okanye kwinto ebikhe
11 - 12
yebhasi
izalathiso yachatshazelwaumz
(kuba, ngoba, njalo njalo)
(uhlaziyo)
Isigama
ngokusemxholweni
Ukuthetha Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omde: Uhlaziyo lwamaxesha
okulungiselelweyo ezenzi
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Ukubhala intetho
nokunikezela:
nokusetyenziswa kolwimi elungiselelweyo Izimaphambili nezimamva
Ukuxoxa ngeempawu umz ukuchonga nokuxoxa
Kugxininiswa: Umsebenzi wesichazi
zentetho elungiselelweyo ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi
umz amaxesha ezenzi, Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Umsebenzi wokulungisa
Ukuthetha
izichazi. impazamo zolwimi
okulungiselelweyo Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
13 - 14
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti, Isigama
ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela, ngokusemxholweni
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi: Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omfutshane: Izakhi nemigaqo
yamabinzana nezivakalisi
Isicatshulwa Ukufunda nokucacisa / Ukubhala isibhengezo/
esiphulaphulwayo 2 - nokutolika iimpawu umz iposi-khadi / ikhadi Izixando
ukuphulaphulela ulwazi zeetekisi ezibonwayo: lesimemo
oluthile umz isibhengezo/ iikhathuni, izicwili
Kugxininiswa: impazamo zolwimi
intengiso esiviwayo zezihlekiso / iividiyo
okanye ingxoxo yababini zezihlekiso Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
Isigama
15 - 16
Itekisi yoncwadi: Ukucwangcisa/ phambi

ngokusemxholweni
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ngenjongo zokuncoma
nokuqonda
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
57
IBANGA 11 IKOTA 2
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omfutshane / Ukuchonga nokubethelela
okulungiselelweyo omde iindidi zezakhi nemigaqo
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama
nokunikezela: yolwimi.
nokusetyenziswa kolwimi Ukusebenzisa itekisi
Umdlalo wokulinganisa yoncwadi njengesiqalo Isigama
Itekisi yoncwadi:
kumyalezo okwitekisi sokubhala ungeniso ngokusemxholweni
yoncwadi Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi kwidayari okanye ileta
ngenjongo zokufumana yobuhlobo
ulwazi nokuqonda
Kugxininiswa:
17 - 18
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
19 - 20
Iimviwo zaphakathi enyakeni / zeyeSilimela / zangoJuni
Imisebenzi yokuhlola esesikweni nenyanzelekileyo yekota 2

Ukuthetha okulungiselelweyo Imibuzo emifutshane

IBANGA 11 IKOTA 3
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Ukufunda okuzimeleyo Umhlathi omde: Ukuvumelana kwentloko
okulungiselelweyo okongezelelweyo / nesivumelanisi kwisenzi
Ileta yaseburhulumenteni
ngenjongo: ukunikezela: neziphawuli kwizakhi
Kugxininiswa: zesivakalisi.
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Ukufundela ukuncoma:
kugxininiswa kutyibiliko / Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Izivumelanisi
Ukufunda imizekelo yeleta
kuqhabalako, ukubizwa
zaseburhulumenteni Ukucwangcisa/ phambi Ukulandelelana
kwamagama nethoni. Umz
kokubhala, ukuyila/ kwamagama
21-22
ileta yaseburhulumenteni
ukwenza iidrafti,
ebhalwe ngumfundi Isigama
ngokwakhe / ngumlingane ngokusemxholweni
ukulungisa iziphene
/ ngabanye
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela Ukufundela ukuqonda Umhlathi omfutshane: Ukubethelela uhlobo
ukusebenzisana: I-imeyile / amanqaku lokuyalela / umyalelo
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama
nemiyalezo exhonywa
Ukuphulaphula nokusetyenziswa kolwimi Izakhi zolwimi: isivakalisi
efrijini / umyalezo oshiywe
nokunikezela umz esiqulathe umxholo
Itekisi yoncwadi kumatshini wokuphendula
umyalezo omfutshane / neenkcukacha ezixhasayo
imiyalelo / izaziso Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi Kugxininiswa:
Amaxesha ezenzi
ngenjongo zokufumana
ulwazi nokuqonda Izivumelanisi
23 - 24
Isigama
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ngokusemxholweni
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Ukufundela ukuqonda: Isincoko esibalisayo: Izakhi nemigaqo
okulungiselelweyo Umz ukubalisa ngento yokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama
ngenjongo: ekwehleleyo ethe
nokusetyenziswa kolwimi Umsebenzi wokulungisa
umz itekisi ekhethiweyo yatshintsha ubomi bakho.
impazamo zolwimi
Itekisi yoncwadi:
Kugxininiswa: kokubhalwe ngabafundi
ngenjongo zokufumana Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Isigama
ulwazi nokuqonda ngokusemxholweni
25- 26
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
59
IBANGA 11 IKOTA 3
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuphulaphulela Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi: Ukubhala Ithoni, ilizwi
ukuncoma: umhlathi apho uveza ze ifuthe lentlobo zezenzi
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama
uxhase uluvo lwakho
Ukuphulaphula idrama nokusetyenziswa kolwimi Isigama
ngomba othile
yerediyo / intetho ngokusemxholweni
Itekisi yoncwadi
erekhodishiweyo / Kugxininiswa:
Umdlalo wokulinganisa / Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi
ukufunda umdlalo ngenjongo zokufumana
ulwazi nokuqonda Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
27 - 28
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuthetha Itekisi yoncwadi: Umhlathi omfutshane / Izibizo
okungalungiselelwanga: omde
Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi Isinye nesininzi
Incoko ezalana netekisi ngenjongo zokufumana Ukubhala ungeniso
Izihlomelo
yoncwadi / neetekisi ulwazi nokuqonda kwidayari / irivyu
zoncwadi emfutshane yebali Isilanduli
okongezelelweyo / Kugxininiswa: Umsebenzi wokulungisa
ukubukela impazamo zolwimi
Itekisi yokwandisa ulwazi kokubhalwe ngabafundi
29 - 30
umz ukuphupha Ukucwangcisa/ phambi

kokubhala, ukuyila/
netekisi efundiweyo
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Iorali: Ukubhala: Uvavanyo 2:

Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Isincoko esibalisayo / esichazayo Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
okulungiselelweyo ngokusemxholweni:
Isicatshulwa
Isishwankathelo
Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa
kolwimi
OKANYE
Uncwadi:
Imibuzo emifutshane

IBANGA 11 IKOTA 4
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Ukufundela ulwazi Umhlathi omde: Izixando
olunzulu lolwimi:
Ukuthetha Ukubhala ileta yesicelo / Intsingiselo yentsusa
okungalungiselelwanga Ukwandisa ulwazi: Imiba yesikhalazo nefihlakeleyo
Ingxoxo, imizekelo yeeleta yokufunda ngokunzulu:
Kugxininiswa: Ulwazi olunzulu
zezicelo / zezikhalazo
Ukuchonga intsingiselo lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
yentsusa...
Isigama
31 - 32
Itekisi yoncwadi ngokusemxholweni

kokubhala, ukuyila/
Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi ukwenza iidrafti,
ngenjongo zokufumana ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
ulwazi nokuqonda ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi: Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omfutshane: Uhlaziyo lwezixando
Ukubhala amanqaku abe
Ukuphulaphula: Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Izihlanganisi
zizivakalisi ezipheleleyo
Ukuziqhelanisa nokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Ulwazi olunzulu
nokuthabatha amanqaku Ukubhala
Itekisi yoncwadi: lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
isishwankathelo:
Ukuphulaphulela Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi
Ukushwankathelo Umsebenzi wokulungisa
ukufumana amanqaku ngenjongo zokufumana
itekisi oyinikiweyo impazamo zolwimi
aphambili, imizekelo njalo ulwazi nokuqonda
ngokwamanqaku kokubhalwe ngabafundi
njalo
Kugxininiswa: Isigama
33 - 34
ngokusemxholweni
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
Ukuthetha Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi: Izichazi
okungalungiselelwanga: Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Ukubhala umhlathi
Ulwazi olunzulu
Ingxoxo, umz e.g. amazwi nokusetyenziswa kolwimi ocamngcayo
engoma onemihlathana emibini
kulwimi olusetyenziswe Imilo efanelekileyo
okongezelelweyo:
emculweni yasekuhlaleni yokuthetha
Itekisi yoncwadi/ iitekisi
nabantu
zoncwadi zokuncoma Kugxininiswa:
nokuzonwabisa. Isigama
ngokusemxholweni
35 - 36
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
61
IBANGA 11 IKOTA 4
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Itekisi yoncwadi: Ukulungiselela iimviwo: Izakhi nemigaqo
okungalungiselelwanga: yokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Kulungiselelelwa iimviwo Ukubhala nayiphina
Uhlaziyo: iklasi into oyikhethe kwezo Umsebenzi wesichazi -
engalungiselelwanga zifundisiweyo - ukukhetha magama / ukuziqhelanisa
nengxoxo yeqela isihloko ze uqokelele namaqhalo nezaci /
ngexesha lemviwo izimvo / imephu iintetho ezihambelana
37 - 38
yengqondo netekisi efundiweyo

impazamo zolwimi
Isigama
ngokusemxholweni
39 - 40
Iimviwo zokuphela konyaka
Umsebenzi 11

Iphepha 1 – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokusemxholweni noncwadi (120)
Iphepha 2 – Ukubhala (80)
* Iiorali: Inqaku lonyaka eliqokelelwe kwizakhono zokuthetha ukuphulaphula nokufunda. Amanqaku asekupheleni konyaka
aquka umsebenzi omnye wokuthetha, omnye wokuphulaphula, omnye wokufunda ngokukhwaza okulungiselelweyo
nomsebenzi omnye oyincoko.

3.5.3 IsiCwangciso sokuFundisa iBanga 12
Esi sicwangciso sonyaka sibonisa ubuncinane bomsebenzi omawenziwe nomawuhlolwe.
KwiBanga le- 12 iitekisi zokufunda okulungiselelweyo (uncwadi) zibalwe ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku -12, oko kukuthi
malunga neeyure ezimbini ngomjikelo ukufundisa umbongo omnye okanye ibali elifutshane elinye okanye isiqendu
senoveli emfutshane okanye idrama emfutshane. Ukuba kukhethwe inoveli okanye umdlalo onendima enye,
utitshala anganako ukwahlula umsebenzi ngokweziqendu aza kuzifundisa ngelo xesha. Ixesha elininzi kwiBanga -12
liza kusetyenziswa ukubethelela nokulungisa abafundi belungiselelwa iimviwo zangaphandle / iimviwo zokuphela
konyaka.
IBANGA 12 IKOTA 1
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi: Ukufunda ngokunzulu Isincoko esibalisayo / Iinkcazelo, isakhiwo
kweetekisi ezimfutshane esichazayo: sezivakalisi (Intloko,
Ngababini neklasi yonke:
ngenjongo isenzi, injongosenzi),
Kugxininiswa:
Ukwazisa umlingane yokushwankathela isichazi
wakho usebenzisa ulwazi nokuthabatha Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha
olunikiweyo amanqaku:
Ukucwangcisa/ phambi langoku
• Itekisi enika ulwazi (umz kokubhala, ukuyila/
umhlathi ochazayo Isigama esivela kwiitekisi
ukwenza iidrafti,
efundiweyo
• Isishwankathelo esilula ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
1-2
samanqaku aphambili ukulungisa iziphene

nokunikezela
Ukufundisa inyani
noluvo Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
okongezelelweyo (Jonga ku3.3)
Ukufundisa
iprojekthi yokufunda
okongezelelweyo
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Ukufundela ukuqonda: Isincoko esibalisayo / Ukuveza / ukubonakalisa
nokuqonda: esichazayo: imvakalelo: izihlomelo
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama
Ukubhala isincoko neziphawuli (uhlaziyo)
Ukufundisa iimpawu nokusetyenziswa kolwimi
esichazayo
zokuphulaphula Isigama:
Itekisi yoncwadi:
yokuncoma ulwazi Kugxininiswa:
Ukwakhiwa kwezihlomelo
nokuqonda • Ukufundiswa koncwadi
Kwinkqubo yokubhala: (umz. ngokukhawuleza
Umsebenzi wesicatshulwa • Ukugxininisa kwiimpawu - wabaleka
nokuxoxa ngemisebenzi Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
esiphulaphulwayo ngokukhawuleza)
3-4
yazo kokubhala, ukuyila/

neziphawuli(umz mhle - lo
ukwenza iidrafti,
• Ukufunda nokuxoxa mntwana mhle)
ngetekisi ukulungisa iziphene Amaqondo okuthelekisa
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
63
IBANGA 12 IKOTA 1
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omde: Imigaqo yeempawu
okulungiselelweyo kweetekisi ezimfutshane zokubhala intetho - ngqo
Ingxelo emfutshane
nokunikezela: ezibhaliweyo ngenjongo nengxelo-ntetho
yoqonda kwigama elo: Kugxininiswa:
Ukwenza ingxelo Uhlaziyo lwezixando
emfutshane ngomlomo • Ukufundisa isigama Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
sokuveza uluvo Izihlomelo
Ukuveza uluvo lwakho nengxelo Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
ngesihloko esixoxwa kokubhala, ukuyila/
• Itekisi ebonisa uluvo / netekisi efundiweyo
eklasini ukwenza iidrafti,
ingcinga
5-6
ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela, Umsebenzi wokulungisa

• Ukuchonga nokuchaza ukulungisa iziphene impazamo zolwimi
uluvo lombhali / nokunikezela kokubhalwe ngabafundi
iingcinga.
Isakhiwo setekisi
• Ukuchaza iingcinga neempawu zolwimi
zakho / uluvo lwakho
(Jonga ku3.3)
• Le tekisi ingazalana
ekuphulaphuleni
Ukuthetha Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omfutshane: Impawu zokubhala
okungalungiselelwanga: Ukuzalisa ifomu /
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Intetho-ngqo nengxelo -
isibhengezo/intengiso
Incoko, iimpawu zetekisi nokusetyenziswa kolwimi ntetho
/ iposti khadi / ikhadi
yoncwadi efundiweyo
Itekisi yoncwadi: lesimemo Izibizo
• Ukulandela ukwakhiwa Ukubhala amanqaku abe Izimelabizo
komlinganiswa kwibali zizivakalisi ezipheleleyo
elifutshane / ingxoxo Umsebenzi wokulungisa
ngeempawu zombongo Ukubhala impazamo zolwimi
isishwankathelo: kokubhalwe ngabafundi
• Ukufunda itekisi Ukushwankathela
yoncwadi ngenjongo Isigama
itekisi oyinikiweyo
zokufumana ulwazi ngokusemxholweni
nokuqonda ngokwamanqaku
7-8
Kugxininiswa:
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)

IBANGA 12 IKOTA 1
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuphulaphulela Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omfutshane: Izenzi, Izichazi nezibizo -
ukuncoma: kweetekisi ezineentlobo uhlaziyo olubandakanywe
Ipowusta / iflaya umz
Ukuphulaphula iindidi eyomnyhadala wokonyusa
zonxibelelwano
zeetekisi umz ingoma ingxowa Ukucacisa ngentsingiselo
nezibonwayo:
/ amagama engoma. zezenzi, izihlomelo
• Ukufundisa iimpawu Kugxininiswa:
Ingxoxo. nezibizo xa zisetyenzisiwe
zetekisi ebonwayo Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
Okanye Umsebenzi wokulungisa
• Ukubukela nokuxoxa Ukucwangcisa/ phambi impazamo zolwimi
9 - 10
Ukubalisa ibali: iprojekti ngeendidi zeetekisi kokubhala, ukuyila/ kokubhalwe ngabafundi

yokulungisa iimpazamo ezibonwayo umz igrafu,
ukwenza iidrafti,
zokufunda umzobo, ifoto. Isigama:
ngokusemxholweni
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Iorali: Iorali: Ukubhala: Uvavanyo - 1:

Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
Isicatshulwa Incoko Umhlathi omfutshane /
ngokusemxholweni:
esiphulaphulwayo emide
Isicatshulwa
Isishwankathelo
Izakhi nemigaqo
65
IBANGA 12 IKOTA 2
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Ukufunda ngokunzulu Umhlathi omfutshane: Uhlobo lokuyalela
okungalungiselelwanga: kweetekisi ezimfutshane Ukubhala izalathiso
Izihlanganisi
ezibhaliweyo ngenjongo okanye imiyalelo umz
Ukunika imiyalelo
yokuqonda kwizivakalisi indlela yokufumana Izihlanganisi ezibhekisa
nezalathiso (isikhokhelo
nakwimihlathi indawo ethile usebenzisa kwinto ebikhe
sendlela yebhasi)
isikhokhelo sendlela yachatshazelwaumz
bengamaqela / ngabanye Ukufunda imizekelo
yebhasi (kuba, ngoba, njalo njalo)
yemiyalelo okanye
izalathiso Kugxininiswa: Izimaphambili nezimamva
(uhlaziyo)
11 - 12
Isigama
ngokusemxholweni
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuthetha Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omde: Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
okulungiselelweyo Ukubhala intetho nemigaqo yolwimi
• Ukwakhiwa kwesigama
nokunikezela: nokusetyenziswa elungiselelweyo.
Ulwazi olunzulu lolwimi
Ingxoxo elungiselelweyo kolwimi umz Kugxininiswa:
ukuchonga nokuxoxa Izimaphambili nezimamva
Ukuxoxa ngesihloko ngokusetyenziswa Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
Umsebenzi wesichazi-
nokuthabatha kolwimi umz amaxesha
ezenzi Ukucwangcisa/ phambi magama
inxaxheba kwingxoxo
13 - 14
kokubhala, ukuyila/
elungiselelweyo Itekisi yoncwadi Umsebenzi wokulungisa
ukwenza iidrafti,
impazamo zolwimi
Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi kokubhalwe ngabafundi
ukulungisa iziphene
ngenjongo zokufumana
nokunikezela Isigama
ulwazi nokuqonda
ngokusemxholweni
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela ulwazi Ukufundela ukuqonda Umhlathi omfutshane: Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
Ukubhala isibhengezo/ nemigaqo yolwimi
Isicatshulwa Ukufunda nokucacisa /
intengiso / iposi-khadi /
esiphulaphulwayo 2 - nokutolika iimpawu umz Ulwazi olunzulu
ikhadi lesimemo
ukuphulaphulela ulwazi zeetekisi ezibonwayo: lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
oluthile iikhathuni, izicwili Kugxininiswa:
zezihlekiso / iividiyo
Umz isibhengezo Kwinkqubo yokubhala:
zezihlekiso Umsebenzi wesichazi-
esiviwayo okanye ingxoxo
Ukucwangcisa/ phambi magama
15 - 16
yababini Itekisi yoncwadi:

kokubhala, ukuyila/
Ukuthetha Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi ukwenza iidrafti,
impazamo zolwimi
okungalungiselelwanga: ngenjongo zokufumana ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
ulwazi nokuqonda ukulungisa iziphene
Incoko ngeempawu
nokunikezela Isigama
zeetekisi esibonwayo
ngokusemxholweni
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)

IBANGA 12 IKOTA 2
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omfutshane / Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
okulungiselelweyo omde nemigaqo yolwimi
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama
nokunikezela:
nokusetyenziswa kolwimi Ukusebenzisa itekisi Ulwazi olunzulu
Umdlalo wokulinganisa yoncwadi njengesiqalo lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Itekisi yoncwadi:
kumyalezo okwitekisi sokubhala ungeniso
yoncwadi Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi kwidayari okanye ileta
ngenjongo zokuncoma yobuhlobo Umsebenzi wesichazi-
nokuqonda magama
Kugxininiswa:
Isigama
ngokusemxholweni
17 - 18
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
19 - 20
Iimviwo zaphakathi enyakeni / zeyeSilimela / zangoJuni

Inthetho elungiselelweyo Imibuzo emifutshane
67
IBANGA 12 IKOTA 3
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Ukufunda okuzimeleyo Umhlathi omde: Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
okulungiselelweyo okongezelelweyo / Ukubhala ileta nemigaqo yolwimi
ngenjongo: ukunikezela: yaseburhulumenteni/
Ulwazi olunzulu
yesicelo / isikhalazo /
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza • Ukufundela ukuncoma lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
uvelwano / isimemo /
kugxininiswa kutyibiliko / • Ukufunda umbulelo / ukuvuyisana Ukuvumelana kwentloko
kuqhabalako, ukubizwa imizekelo yeleta nesivumelanisi kwisenzi
kwamagama nethoni. Umz zaseburhulumenteni Kugxininiswa:
neziphawuli kwizakhi
ileta yaseburhulumenteni
Kwinkqubo yokubhala: zesivakalisi.
21 and 22
ebhalwe ngumfundi Itekisi yoncwadi:

ngokwakhe / ngumlingane Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi Ukucwangcisa/ phambi Izivumelanisi
/ ngabanye ngenjongo zokufumana kokubhala, ukuyila/
Ukulandelelana
ulwazi nokuqonda ukwenza iidrafti,
kwamagama
ukulungisa iziphene Isigama
nokunikezela ngokusemxholweni
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omfutshane: Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
unxibelelwana: nemigaqo yolwimi
Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Ukuhlaziya iimpawu
Ukuphulaphula nokusetyenziswa kolwimi zokubhala umyalezo Ulwazi olunzulu
nokunikezela umz omfutshane umz i-imeyile lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
Itekisi yoncwadi:
umyalezo omfutshane / / amanqaku abekwa
Ukubethelela uhlobo
imiyalelo / izaziso Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi efrijini / umyalezo oshiywe
lokuyalela / umyalelo
ngenjongo zokufumana kumatshini wokuphendula
Ukuthetha
ulwazi nokuqonda Izakhi zolwimi: isivakalisi
okungalungiselelwanga Ukubhala imiyalezo
esiqulathe umxholo
omfutshane / izihloko
Incoko, umz indlela neenkcukacha ezixhasayo
ezikhethiweyo
ezintsha nezindala
Amaxesha ezenzi
zoqhangamshelwano Okanye
Izivumelanisi
23 and 24
Imiyalelo yezihloko
ezikhethiweyo Isigama
ngokusemxholweni
Kugxininiswa:
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)

IBANGA 12 IKOTA 3
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Ukufundela ukuqonda: Isincoko esichazayo / Izakhi nemigaqo
okulungiselelweyo Ukwakhiwa kwesigama esibalisayo: yokusetyenziswa kolwimi
ngenjongo: nokusetyenziswa kolwimi Umz: isiganeko Umsebenzi wokulungisa
umz itekisi ekhethiweyo Itekisi yoncwadi: esatshintsha ubomi bam. impazamo zolwimi
Incoko Kugxininiswa: kokubhalwe ngabafundi
ngenjongo zokuncoma Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Isigama
nokuqonda ngokusemxholweni
25 - 26
kokubhala, ukuyila/
ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuphulaphulela Ukufundela ukuqonda: Umhlathi omde: Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
ukuncoma: Ukwakhiwa kwesigama Ukubhala irivyu yebali nemigaqo yolwimi
Ukuphulaphula idrama nokusetyenziswa kolwimi elifutshane elifundiweyo. Ulwazi olunzulu
yerediyo / intetho Itekisi yoncwadi: Kugxininiswa: lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
erekhodishiweyo / Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Ithoni, ilizwi, ifuthe
Umdlalo wokulinganisa /
ngenjongo zokufumana Ukucwangcisa/ phambi Intlobo zezenzi
ukufunda umdlalo
27 - 28
ulwazi nokuqonda kokubhala, ukuyila/ Isigama

Ukuthetha ukwenza iidrafti, ngokusemxholweni
okungalungiselelwanga ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela,
Ingxoxo ukulungisa iziphene
Ingxoxo yamaqela, umz nokunikezela
ukuveza uluvo lwakho Isakhiwo setekisi
kwitekisi eviwayo neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuthetha Itekisi yoncwadi: Umhlathi omfutshane: Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
okungalungiselelwanga: Ukufunda itekisi yoncwadi Ukubhala ungeniso nemigaqo yolwimi
Incoko ezalana netekisi ngenjongo zokufumana kwidayari / irivyu Ulwazi olunzulu
yoncwadi / neetekisi ulwazi nokuqonda emfutshane yebali lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
zoncwadi Ukufunda okuzimeleyo Kugxininiswa: Izibizo
okongezelelweyo / Kwinkqubo yokubhala: Isinye nesininzi
ukubukela: Ukucwangcisa/ phambi Izihlomelo
29 - 30
Itekisi yokwandisa ulwazi kokubhala, ukuyila/

Isilanduli
umz ukuphupha ukwenza iidrafti,
ukuhlaziya, ukuhlela, Umsebenzi wokulungisa
ukulungisa iziphene impazamo zolwimi
nokunikezela kokubhalwe ngabafundi
Isakhiwo setekisi Isigama esinxulumene
neempawu zolwimi netekisi efundiweyo
(Jonga ku3.3)
69
Iorali: Ukubhala: Iimviwo zikaSeptemba:

Ukufunda ngokukhwaza Isincoko Iphepha 1 – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
okulungiselelweyo ngokusemxholweni noncwadi
OKANYE
Uvavanyo olubhalwayo

IBANGA 12 IKOTA 4
kolwimi
iiyure ezi- 2
Ukuthetha Ukufunda ngokunzulu Ukusebenzisa amaphepha Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
okungalungiselelwanga: kweetekisi ezimfutshane eemviwo ezidlulileyo nemigaqo yolwimi
ezibhaliweyo ngenjongo kuhlaziywa iindlela
Ingxoxo yeklasi Ulwazi olunzulu
yokuqonda kwizivakalisi zokubhala iitekisi
engalungiselelwanga lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
nakwimihlathi ukulungiselela iimviwo
nengxoxo yeqela
zangaphandle / zokuphela Ukusebenzisa amaphepha
esetyenziselwa Ukusebenzisa amaphepha
konyaka eemviwo ezidlulileyo
ukulungiselela iimviwo. eemviwo ezidlulileyo
ukuhlaziya ulwimi
ukuhlaziya itekisi Kugxininiswa:
ulungiselela iimviwo
elungiselelweyo nendlela
Kwinkqubo yokubhala: zangaphandle / zokuphela
31 - 32
zokufunda okunzulu
konyaka
kulungiselelwa iimviwo Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
zangaphandle / zokuphela kokubhala, ukuyila/
konyaka ukwenza iidrafti,
ukulungisa iziphene
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
Ukuthetha Ukufunda ngokunzulu Ukusebenzisa amaphepha Uhlaziyo lwezakhi
okungalungiselelwanga: kweetekisi ezimfutshane eemviwo ezidlulileyo nemigaqo yolwimi
ezibhaliweyo ngenjongo kuhlaziywa iindlela
Ingxoxo yeklasi Ulwazi olunzulu
yokuqonda kwigama elo zokubhala iitekisi
engalungiselelwanga lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
ukulungiselela iimviwo
nengxoxo yeqela Ukusebenzisa amaphepha
zangaphandle / zokuphela Ukusebenzisa amaphepha
esetyenziselwa eemviwo ezidlulileyo
konyaka eemviwo ezidlulileyo
ukulungiselela iimviwo. ukuhlaziya itekisi
ukuhlaziya ulwimi
elungiselelweyo nendlela Kugxininiswa:
ulungiselela iimviwo
zokufunda okunzulu
Kwinkqubo yokubhala: zangaphandle / zokuphela
33 - 34
kulungiselelwa iimviwo
konyaka
zangaphandle / zokuphela Ukucwangcisa/ phambi
konyaka kokubhala, ukuyila/ Isigama: esinxulumene
ukwenza iidrafti, neetekisi ezifundiweyo
ezisuka kwiimviwo
ukulungisa iziphene
ezidlulileyo
nokunikezela
Isakhiwo setekisi
neempawu zolwimi
(Jonga ku3.3)
35 - 36
IIMVIWO ZANGAPHANDLE / ZOKUPHELA KONYAKA

37- 38

39 - 40
71
Iphepha 1 – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokusemxholweni noncwadi
* Iiorali: Inqaku lonyaka eliqokelelwe kwizakhono zokuthetha ukuphulaphula nokufunda, Amanqaku asekupheleni konyaka
aquka umsebenzi omnye wokuthetha okulungiselelweyo, omnye wokuphulaphula, omnye wokufunda ngokukhwaza
okulungiselelweyo nomsebenzi omnye oyincoko.

ICANDELO LESI-4: UKUHLOLA KULWIMI LWESIBINI
OLONGEZELELWEYO
4.1 Intshayelelo
Ukuhlola yinkqubo eqhubekayo ecwangcisiweyo yokuchonga, ukuqokelela nokutolika ulwazi malunga nendlela
abaqhuba ngayo abafundi, usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlola. Oku kubandakanya amanqanaba
amane: Ukwenza nokuqokelela ubungqina bokuphumelela komfundi; ukuphonononga obu bungqina; ukurekhoda
okufunyanisiweyo nokusebenzisa olo lwazi ukuqondisisa nokuncedisa uphuhliso lwabafundi ukuphucula inkqubo
yokufunda nokufundisa.
Ukuhlola kufuneka kube kokungekho sesikweni (ukuhlola ulungiselela ukufunda) nokusesikweni (ukuhlola oko
sekufundisiwe). Kwiimeko zombini kufuneka abafundi banikwe ingxelo ukwenzela ukuphucula imeko yabo yokufunda.
Ukuhlolwa kwezakhono zolwimi kufuneka kuhlanganiswe. Ukuhlolwa kwesicatshulwa kufanele ukuba

kunxityelelaniswe izakhi nokusetyenziswa kolwimim. Ukuhlolwa kokubhala kufanele ukuba kuhlanganiswe nezihloko
ezimalunga nezinto ezenzeka kubomi bemihla ngemihla.
4.2 UkuHlola okuNgekho seSikweni okanye kwemiHla ngemiHla
Ukuhlola ulungiselela ukufunda kunenjongo yokuthi gqolo ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nokuphumelela komfundi
ukwenzela ukuba akwazi ukuphucula umsebenzi wakhe wokufunda uthi xhaxhe kunoko ebenzile.
Ukuhlola okungekho sesikweni kukubeka esweni inkqubela phambili yabafundi yemihla ngemihla. Oku kwenziwa
ngokuqwalasela, iingxoxo, ngokwenza imisebenzi yeprekthikhali, ngeenkomfa zabafundi nootitshala, ukusebenzisana
okungekho sesikweni kwaseklasini, njalo njalo. Ukuhlola okungekho sesikweni kungathetha ukumana unqumamisa
isifundo ukuqaphela abafundi okanye ukuxoxa nabafundi malunga nendlela ukufunda okuqhubeka ngayo. Ukuhlola
okungekho sesikweni kufuneka kusetyenziselwe ukunika ingxelo kubafundi nokuxhobisa kucwangciso lokufundisa,
kodwa akukho mfuneko yokuba oku kubhalwe phantsi. Makungabonwa njengokwahlukileyo kwimisebenzi yokufunda
yaseklasini. Le misebenzi yokuhlola inokumakishwa ngabafundi okanye ootitshala.
Ukuzihlola nokuhlola umlingane wakho kubandakanya abafundi. Oku kubalulekile kuba kuvumela abafundi ukuba
babe nolwazi yaye bayiqonde indlela abasebenza ngayo. Iziphumo zemisebenzi yokuhlola ngokungekho sesikweni
kwemihla ngemihla akurekhodishwa ngokusesikweni ngaphandle kokuba utitshala ufuna ukwenza njalo. Iziphumo
zemisebenzi yokuhlola yemihla ngemihla azithathelwa ngqalelo ekunyuselweni nasekukhutshelweni isatifikethi.
4.3 UkuHlola okuseSikweni
Yonke imisebenzi yokuhlola eyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuhlola esesikweni yonyaka ithatyathwa njengokuHlola
okuseSikweni. Imisebenzi yokuhlola okusesikweni iyamakishwa ize irekhodishwe ngokusesikweni ngutitshala
elungiselela ukuqhubela phambili nokukhutshwa kwesatifikethi. Yonke imisebenzi yokuHlola okusesikweni ifuna
ukuphononongwa / imodareyishini ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba isemgangathweni kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba
imigangatho echanekileyo imiliselwa ngokukuko.
73
Ukuhlola okusesikweni kuxhobisa ootitshala ngendlela eyondeleleneyo yokuphonononga inkqubela phambili
yabafundi kwibanga elithile kweso sifundo. Imizekelo yokuhlola okusesikweni iquka iimvavanyo, iimviwo, ukwenziwa
kweentetho, imiboniso, imidlalo njalo njalo. Nangona amalungiselelo emisebenzi yokubhala esenokungenzelwa
eklasini, kodwa ubhalo lokugqibela kufuneka lwenziwe phantsi kweemeko zolawulo, eklasini.
Imisebenzi yokuhlola okusesikweni iyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuhlola yonyaka esesikweni kwibanga ngalinye
nakwisifundo ngasinye.
Ezi theyibhile zilandelayo zinika iimfuno zokuhlola okusesikweni zoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo.
Itheyibhile yoku-1: IBanga 10 - 11

UkuHlola okuseSikweni
Phakathi enyakeni UViwo lokuPhela koNyaka
25% 75%
Ukuhlola okwenziwa esikolweni
AmaPhepha oViwo lokuPhela koNyaka
(i-SBA)
25% 62,5% 12,5%
• Iimvavanyo ezi-2 Iimviwo ezibhalwayo Imisebenzi yokuhlola yeorali:
Iphepha lesi-4
• Imisebenzi esi-7 Iphepha loku-1
(iiyure ezi-2) – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi Ukuphulaphula
• Uviwo lukaJuni olu-1 (olwaphakathi
ngokusemxholweni )
enyakeni) Inthetho elungiselelweyo
Iphepha lesi-2 (iiyure ezi-2) – Uncwadi
Ukufunda okulungiselelweyo /
Iphepha lesi -3: (IBanga 10: iiyure ukuthetha okungalungiselelwanga
ezi-2, IBanga 11: iiyure ezi 2 ½ ) – / ukuthetha okungekho sesikweni
Ukubhala kwiqela
Imisebenzi yeorali eyenziwe apha
enyakeni iyinxalenye yokuhlola
kwangaphakathi kwasekupheleni
konyaka.
Itheyibhile yesi-2: IBanga 12

UkuHlola okuseSikweni
Phakathi enyakeni UViwo lokuPhela koNyaka
25% 75%
Ukuhlola okwenziwa esikolweni
AmaPhepha oViwo lokuPhela koNyaka
(i-SBA)
25% 62,5% 12,5%
Uvavanyo olu-1 Iimviwo ezibhalwayo Imisebenzi yokuhlola yeorali; Iphepha
lesi- 4
Imisebenzi esi-7 Iphepha loku-1 (iiyure ezi- 2) –
Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi Ukuphulaphula
Iimviwo ezi-2 (olwaphakathi
enyakeni nokukaSeptemba) ngokusemxholweni
Inthetho elungiselelweyo
Iphepha lesi-2 (iiyure ezi- 2) – Uncwadi
Ukufunda okulungiselelweyo / ukuthetha
Iphepha lesi -3 ( iiyure ezi-2 ½) – okungalungiselelwanga / ukuthetha
Ukubhala okungekho sesikweni kwiqela
Imisebenzi yeorali eyenziwe apha
enyakeni iyinxalenye yokuhlola
kwangaphakathi kwasekupheleni
konyaka.

Iindidi zokuhlola ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka zihambelane nobudala babafundi nezinga labo lophuhliseko. Uyilo lwale
misebenzi kufanele ukuba lubandakanye umxholo wesifundo kunye neendidi zemisebenzi eyenzelwe ukufezekisa
iinjongo zesifundo.
Ukuhlola okusesikweni makulungiselele amazinga okuqiqa nezinto abakwaziyo ukuzenza abafundi ngale ndlela
iboniswe apha ngasezantsi:
Itheyibhile yesi-3: Amazinga okuqonda okuhlola 3

Ipesenti
AmaZinga okuQiqa Umsebenzi
yoMsebenzi
Izinga lokuqonda Imibuzo ejoliswe kwingcombolo yolwazi ecaciswe gca kwitekisi.
usebenzisa intsingiselo
yentsusa/ engqalileyo/ Nika amagama ezinto / abantu / eendawo / eempawu …
elisisiseko (Izinga loku-1) Xela izinto eziyinyaniso / izizathu / iingongoma / izimvo …
Chonga izizathu / abantu / izizathu …
Xela izinto eziyinyaniso / izizathu / iingongoma / amagama …
Chaza indawo / umntu / umlinganiswa …..
Balisa isiganeko / isenzeko / amava … Izinga loku-1
nelesi-2: 40%
Imibuzo efuna kuhlalutywe, kuyondelelaniswe okanye
Ukucwangcisa ngokutsha kucwangcisweingcombolo yolwazi ecaciswe gca kwitekisi.
(Izinga lesi-2) Shwankathela iingongoma eziphambili / izimvo ezingundoqo / izinto
eziluncedo / izinto ezingeloncedo …
Qukanisa imiba engundoqo / iimeko eziphambili …
Xela izinto ezifanayo / ezahlukeneyo …
Nika amagqabantshinshi …
Ukuthabatha izigqibo / Imibuzo efuna umfundi acacise imiyalezo engabekwanga ngokuselubala
ukuzicingela (Izinga lesi- ngokudibanisa iinkcukacha ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zetekisi
3) okanye ngokunxulumanisa izinto ezikrobisa kwimiba ethile ekwitekisi
nolwazi asele enalo okanye amava akhe aze athathe izigqibo.
Cacisa indlela ingongoma ephambili enxulumana ngayo nomxholo /
nomyalezo …
Thelekisa izimvo / iindlela zokucinga / iziganeko …
Ithini injongo yombhali (okanye yomlinganiswa) / ucinga njani / Izinga lesi-3)
uqhutywa yintoni / unika sizathu sini … 40%
Cacisa unobangela / ifuthe …
Isenzo / indlela yokucinga / indlela aphawula ngayo (njalo njalo) ityhila
ntoni ngombalisi / umbhali / umlinganiswa …
Isikweko / isifaniso / umfanekiso-ntelekelelo uyichaphazela njani indlela
oyiqonda ngayo …
Ucinga ukuba siza kuba yintoni isiphumo / ifuthe lesiganeko (njalo njalo)
lesenzo/ lemeko …
75
Ipesenti
AmaZinga okuQiqa Umsebenzi
yoMsebenzi
Ukuphonononga Le mibuzo ingendlela abona ngayo umfundi ngokunxulumene nexabiso
nokubaluleka kwento leyo kuthethwa ngayo. Oku kuquka indlela abona
(Izinga lesi-4) ngayo ngokunxulumene nobunyani, ukukholeleka, into eyinyaniso
nezimvo, ukungqinisiseka, isicingo solwazi ngombandela nokuqiqisisa
ngayo kunye nemiba efana nokufuneka ndawonye nokwamkeleka
kwezigqibo neziganeko ngokwasentlalweni.
Ucinga ukuba okwenzeka apho kokukholelekayo / kuyinyaniso /
kunokwenzeka …?
Ingaba ingxoxo yombhali ichanekile / iyakholeleka / igqibelele …?
Xoxa / Phawula ngokunzulu ngesiganeko / injongo ethile / unobangela /
indlela acinga ngayo / icebo / isiphumo / okucingelwayo …
Ingaba uyavumelana nolu luvo / inkcazelo / indlela abona ngayo othile?
Ngokoluvo lwakho, ngaba umfundi / umbalisi / umlinganiswa ufanelekile
ukuba acebise kanje / athathe eli cala elithi……….? (Xhasa
impendulo yakho / Nika izizathu ngempendulo oyinikileyo.)
Ingaba indlela acinga ngayo umlinganiswa / indlela aziphethe ngayo /
isenzo asenzileyo silungile okanye samkelekile kuwe? Nika isizathu
sempendulo yakho. Izinga lesi-4
Ingaba izenzo/ i(i)ndlela yokucinga/ izizathu zomlinganiswa …..zibonisa nelesi-5: 20%
ntoni ngaye ngokwemeko yentlalo?
Xoxa kuvokotheke / Phawula ngokubalulekileyo okukhankanywe
kwitekisi oyifundileyo.
Le mibuzo ijoliswe ekuhloleni ifuthe lezengqondo (lesayikholoji)
nobuhle bobugcisa betekisi kumfundi. Kugxininiswa kwiimpendulo
zomfundi ezingeemvakalelo ezimalunga nomxholo, ekuzichongeleni
Ukuncoma ugxeka abalinganiswa okanye iziganeko azithandayo nendlela ayibona
(Izinga lesi-5) ngayo indlela alusebenzise ngayo ulwimi umbhali (njengokuchongwa
kwamagama nemifanekiso-ntelekelelo).
Xoxa ngempendulo yakho kwitekisi / kwisiganeko / kwimeko /
kwimpixano...
Ingaba uyavelana kusini na nomlinganiswa? Wawunokwenza ntoni
ukuba yayinguwe owawunokuzibona ukule meko?
Xoxa / Phawula ngendlela umbhali alusebenzise ngayo ulwimi...
Xoxa ngokugqibelela kwesimbo sokubhala sombhali / intshayelelo /
isiphelo / imifanekiso-ntelekelelo / izihlonipho / ukusetyenziswa
kolwimi lwesihobe / izikrweqe zohlalutyo………..

4.4 Inkqubo yokuhlola
INkqubo yokuHlola yenzelwe ukubonisa indlela eyabiwa ngayo imisebenzi yokuhlola esesikweni kuzo zonke izifundo
esikolweni ngokwekota.
4.4.1 Amagqabantshintshi eeMfuno
Ezi theyibhile zilandelayo zinika amagqabantshintshi eemfuno zeNkqubo yokuHlola kwikota nganye kuLwimi
lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo:
Itheyibhile yoku-1: Amagqabantshintshi eemfuno zenkqubo yokuhlola iBanga 10-11

INkqubo yokuHlola
UKUHLOLA KWANGAPHAKATHI/KWASESIKOLWENI (ISBA) ngokwekota
Ikota yoku-1: Ikota yesi-2: Ikota yesi-3: Ikota yesi-4:
Uvavanyo olu-1 Imisebenzi emi-2 UVavanyo olu-1 Uviwo olu-1 lokuphela
olubhalwayo oluBhalwayo konyaka lwangaphakathi
+ oluquka:
+ +
Uviwo lukaJuni olu-1 Amaphepha ama- 3:
Imisebenzi emi-3 (olwaphakathi enyakeni) Imisebenzi emi-2
oluquka: Iphepha loku-1 –
Amaphepha ama- 3: Ukusetyenziswa kolwini
ngokusemxholweni
Iphepha loku-1 –
Iphepha lesi- 2 – Uncwadi
Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
Iphepha lesi-3 – Ukubhala
ngokusemxholweni
+
Iphepha lesi- 2 – Uncwadi
Iphepha lsei-4 – iorali
Iphepha lesi-3 – Ukubhala
AmaNqaku eKota (Ikota yoku-1-3):
Kwikota nganye, dibanisa amanqaku ngobunjalo bawo kunye neetotali uze uwaguqulele kwipesenti (%) ufumane inqaku
lekota.
AmaNqaku okuhlola kwangaphakathi:
Dibanisa amanqaku ngobunjalo bawo kunye neetotali zemisebenzi yokuhlola ukusukela kwikota yokuqala ukuya kwikota
yesi-3 uze uwaguqulele kuma-25%,
Uviwo lwangaphandle:
Guqula iPhepha loku-1 libe ngu-20%,
Guqula iPhepha lesi-2 libe ngu- 17,5%,
Guqula iPhepha lesi-3 libe ngu- 25%
Guqula amanqaku eorali (iPhepha lesi-4) abe ngu-12,5%
77
Itheyibhile yesi-2: Inkqabo yokuhlola iBanga 10-11
INkqubo yokuHlola
Imisebenzi yokuhlola okusesikweni yeKota yoku-1
Umsebenzi woku-1 Umsebenzi wesi-2 Umsebenzi wesi-3

Umsebenzi wesi-4
Ukuphulaphula Ukubhala Ukubhala
*Iorali: Isincoko: Itekisi yomhlathi omde: **Uvavanyo loku-1:
(amanqaku: 50) (amanqaku: 30) (amanqaku: (40)
Isicatshulwa
esiphulaphulwayo: Ibanga-10: esibalisayo, Ileta yobuhlobo / esesikweni (yesicelo Isicatshulwa,
amanqaku:(10) / intetho esichazayo nesiveza / yesikhalazo / yesicelo somsebenzi / isishwankathelo,
elungiselelweyo: amacala amabini yoshishino / yombulelo / yovuyiswano izakhi nemigaqo
amanqaku:(20) / yovelwano) / iileta ezisesikweni yokusetyenziswa
Ibanga -11
nezingekho sesikweni eziya kumhleli / kolwimi
ENYE KWEZI
esibalisayo / esixoxayo / isivi neleta eyikhaphayo / iobhitshuwari
ZILANDELAYO: Ukufunda
esichazayo / esiqiqisayo / iajenda nemizuzu yentlanganiso /
okulungiselelweyo / intetho
okanye esinocamngco/ ingxelo / irivyu yencwadi okanye yefilim
engalungiselelwanga /
esiveza amacala / inqaku lephephandaba / inqaku
intetho engalungiselelwanga
amabini/ esibalisayo lemagazini / intetho / ingxoxo yababini /
yeqela: amanqaku:(20)
udliwano-ndlebe olubhaliweyo.
Imisebenzi yokuhlola okusesikweni yeKota yesi-2
Umsebenzi wesi-5 Umsebenzi wesi-6 Umsebenzi wesi-7
*Iorali: Uncwadi: (amanqaku: Iimviwo zaphakathi enyakeni:

35) (amanqaku: 250)
Isicatshulwa esiphulaphulwayo: amanqaku:(10) /
intetho elungiselelweyo: amanqaku:(20) Imibuzo emifutshane Iphepha loku- 1 – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
ngokusemxholweni (80)
ENYE KWEZI ZILANDELAYO: Ukufunda
okulungiselelweyo / intetho engalungiselelwanga/ Iphepha lesi-2 – Uncwadi (70)
intetho engalungiselelwanga yeqela:
Iphepha lesi3 3 – Ukubhala (100)
amanqaku:(20)
(lingabhalwa ngekaCanzibe/ngoMeyi /
ngeyeSilimela/ngoJuni)
Imisebenzi yokuhlola esesikweni yeKota yesi-3
Umsebenzi wesi-8 Umsebenzi wesi-9 Umsebenzi we-10
*Iorali: Ukubhala: **Uvavanyo lwesi-2: (amanqaku: 40)

(amanqaku: 20)
Isicatshulwa esiphulaphulwayo: amanqaku:(10) / Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
intetho elungiselelweyo: amanqaku:(20) Umhlathi omfutshane ngokusemxholweni:
ENYE KWEZI ZILANDELAYO: Ukufunda Imigaqo elandelwayo, Isicatshulwa
okulungiselelweyo / intetho engalungiselelwanga/ ingcaciso, Idayari/
Isishwankathelo
intetho engalungiselelwanga yeqela: ijenali, i-imeyili,
amanqaku:(20) isimemo (nempendulo), Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi
ukugcwalisa iifomu,
Isibhengezo, ukunika Okanye
izalathiso Uncwadi: Imibuzo emifutshane

Umsebenzi we-11: Uviwo lokuphela konyaka
Iphepha loku-1 – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokusemxholweni (80)

Iphepha lesi-2 – Uncwadi (70)
Iphepha lesi-3 – Ukubhala (100)
Iphepha lesi-4 – *Iiorali (50)
*iOrali: Abafundi mabenze umsebenzi omnye wentetho elungiselelweyo umsebenzi omnye wokuphulaphula kunye nomnye
umsebenzi, umzekelo ukufunda okulungiselelweyo / intetho ekungalungiselelwanga / ukuthetha okungekho sesikweni
kumsebenzi weqela apha enyakeni.
**Uvavanyo loku-1 usenokusetelwa amanqaku angama-40, okanye ukuba angaphezulu, mawaguqulelwe kumanqaku
angama-40. Nangona kucetyiswa ukuba isicatshulwa, isishwankathelo izakhi nokusetyenziswa kolwimi zidityaniswe xa
zibhalwa, ootitshala bayacelwa ukuba bayile udityaniso lwemiba ngokweemeko zezikolo zabo (inkqubo yovavanyo, ukwabiwa
kwexesha, njalo njalo).
Uvavanyo lweNkqubo yokuHlola malube lunye hayi uthotho lweemvavanyo ezininzi ezimfutshane. Uvavanyo ngalunye
kufanele luquke isixa esikhulu somxholo kwaye luthabathe imizuzu engama-45 - 60 lubonise amazinga ohlukeneyo engqiqo
kanye okwamaphepha eemviwo.
*Iioral: Apha enyakeni abafundi mabenzi ubuncinane umsebenzi omnye wokuthetha okulungiselelweyo, omnye
wokuphulaphula, omnye wokufunda ngokukhwaza okulungiselelweyo nomsebenzi omnye oyincoko.
**Uvavanyo loku-1 usenokusetelwa amanqaku angama-40, okanye ukuba angaphezulu, mawaguqulelwe

kumanqaku angama-40. Nangona kucetyiswa ukuba isicatshulwa, isishwankathelo izakhi nokusetyenziswa
kolwimim zidityaniswe xa zibhalwa, ootitshala bayacelwa ukuba bayile udityaniso lwemiba ngokweemeko zezikolo
zabo (inkqubo yovavanyo, ukwabiwa kwexesha, njalo njalo).
Qaphela:Uvavanyo lweNkqubo yokuHlola malube lunye hayi uthotho lweemvavanyo ezininzi ezimfutshane.
Uvavanyo ngalunye kufanele luquke isixa esikhulu somxholo kwaye luthabathe imizuzu engama-45 - 60 lubonise
amazinga ohlukeneyo engqiqo kanye okwamaphepha eemviwo.
79
Itheyibhile yesi-3: Amagqabantshintshi eemfuno zenkqubo yokuhlola iBanga 12
INkqubo yokuHlola
Uviwo lwangaphandle
Ukuhlola okwenziwa esikolweni ngokwekota
Ikota yoku-1: Ikota yesi-2: Ikota yesi-3: Ikota yesi-4:
Uvavanyo olu-1 Imisebenzi emi-3 + Uviwo lukaSeptemba olu-1 Uviwo lwangaphandle olu-1
olubhalwayo + oluquka oluquka
Uviwo lukaJuni
Imisebenzi emi-3 (olwaphakathi enyakeni) olu- Amaphepha ama-3: Amaphepha ama-3:
1 oluquka
Iphepha loku-1 – Iphepha loku-1 –
Amaphepha ama- 3: Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi
Iphepha loku-1 – ngokusemxholweni ngokusemxholweni
Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi Iphepha lesi-2 – Uncwadi Iphepha lesi-2 – Uncwadi
ngokusemxholweni
Iphepha lesi-3 – Ukubhala Iphepha lesi-3 – Ukubhala
Iphepha lesi-2 – Uncwadi
OKANYE +
Iphepha lesi 3 – Ukubhala
Uvavanyo olubhalwayo Iphepha lesi-4 – Iorali
Okanye
+
Uvavanyo olubhalwayo Umsebenzi om-1
Amanqaku ekota (Ikota yoku-1-3):
Kwikota nganye, dibanisa amanqaku ngobunjalo bawo kunye neetotali uze uwaguqulele kwipesenti (%) yamanqaku ekota.
Amanqaku okuhlola kwangaphakathi:
Dibanisa amanqaku ngobunjalo bawo kunye neetotali zemisebenzi yokuhlola ukusukela kwikota yoku-1 ukuya kwikota yesi-3
uze uwaguqulele kuma-25%.
Uviwo lwangaphandle
Guqula iPhepha loku-1 libe ngu-20%,
Guqula iPhepha lesi-2 libe ngu-17,5%,
Guqula iPhepha lesi-3 libe ngu-25%
Guqula amanqaku eorali (iPhepha lesi-4) abe ngu-12,5%.
Itheyibhile yesi-4: Inkqubo yokuhlola iBanga 12

INkqubo yokuHlola
Imisebenzi yokuhlola okusesikweni kwiKota yoku-1
Umsebenzi woku-1 Umsebenzi wesi-2 Umsebenzi wesi-3 Umsebenzi wesi-4
*Iorali: Ukubhala: Ukubhala: (amanqaku: 30) **Uvavanyo loku-1:

(amanqaku: 50) (amanqaku: 40)
Isicatshulwa Imihlathi emide: Ileta yobuhlobo /
esiphulaphulwayo: Isincoko esibalisayo esesikweni (yesicelo / yesikhalazo Ukusetyenziswa
amanqaku:(10) / intetho / isichazayo / / yesicelo somsebenzi / yoshishino) kolwimi
elungiselelweyo: esivelela amacala / iileta eziya kumhleli / isivi neleta ngokusemxholweni:
amanqaku:(20) omabini esixoxayo / eyikhaphayo / iobhitshuwari /
Isicatshulwa
nesinocamngco iajenda nemizuzu yentlanganiso
ENYE KWEZI
/ ingxelo / irivyu / inqaku Isishwankathelo
ZILANDELAYO:
lephephandaba / inqaku lemagazini
Izakhi nemigaqo
Ukufunda / intetho / ingxoxo yababini /
yokusetyenziswa
okulungiselelweyo / intetho udliwano-ndlebe
kolwimi
engalungiselelwanga /
intetho engekho sikweni
yeqela: amanqaku:(20))

Umsebenzi wesi-5 Umsebenzi wesi-6 Umsebenzi wesi-7 Umsebenzi wesi-8
*Iorali: *Iorali: Uncwadi: ***Iimviwo zaphakathi enyakeni:

(amanqaku: 35) (amanqaku: 250)
Isicatshulwa Isicatshulwa
esiphulaphulwayo: esiphulaphulwayo: Imibuzo emifutshane Iphepha loku-1 – Ukusetyenziswa
amanqaku:(10)/ intetho amanqaku:(10) / intetho kolwimi ngokusemxholweni(80)
elungiselelweyo: elungiselelweyo:
Iphepha lesi-2 – Uncwadi(70)
amanqaku:(20) amanqaku:(20)
Iphepha lesi- 3 – Ukubhala
ENYE KWEZI ENYE KWEZI
(lingabhalwa ngekaCanzibe/ngoMeyi
ZILANDELAYO: ZILANDELAYO:
/ ngeyeSilimela/ngoJuni) (100)
Ukufunda okulungiselelweyo/ Ukufunda
Okanye
intetho engalungiselelwanga/ okulungiselelweyo/ intetho
intetho engekho sikweni engalungiselelwanga/ Uvavanyo olubhaliweyo
yeqela: amanqaku:(20) intetho engekho sikweni
yeqela: amanqaku:(20)
Umsebenzi wesi-9 Umsebenzi we-10
Ukubhala: (amanqaku: 20) ***Iimviwo zamalungiselelo

Umhlathi omfutshane / Izibhengezo /Iintengiso / Ungeniso Iphepha loku-1 – Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokusemxholweni
lwedayari / Iiposikhadi / Amakhadi ezimemo / Ukugcwalisa
iifom / Imiyalelo / Izalathiso / Iobhitshuwari / Iiflaya / Iphepha lesi- 2 – Uncwadi
Iipowusta Iphepha lesi-3 – Ukubhala (lingabhalwa ngeyeThupha/
ngoAgasti / ngeyoMsintsi/ngoSeptemba)
Okanye
Uvavanyo olubhaliweyo
Iioral: Apha enyakeni abafundi mabenzi ubuncinane umsebenzi omnye wokuthetha okulungiselelweyo, omnye
wokuphulaphula, omnye wokufunda ngokukhwaza okulungiselelweyo nomsebenzi omnye oyincoko.
**Uvavanyo loku-1 usenokusetelwa amanqaku angama-40, okanye ukuba angaphezulu, mawaguqulelwe

kumanqaku angama-40. Nangona kucetyiswa ukuba isicatshulwa, isishwankathelo izakhi nokusetyenziswa
kolwimim zidityaniswe xa zibhalwa, ootitshala bayacelwa ukuba bayile udityaniso lwemiba ngokweemeko zezikolo
zabo (inkqubo yovavanyo, ukwabiwa kwexesha, njalo njalo).
Qaphela:Uvavanyo lweNkqubo yokuHlola malube lunye hayi uthotho lweemvavanyo ezininzi ezimfutshane.
Uvavanyo ngalunye kufanele luquke isixa esikhulu somxholo kwaye luthabathe imizuzu engama-45 - 60 lubonise
amazinga ohlukeneyo engqiqo kanye okwamaphepha eemviwo.
***Iimviwo zaphakathi enyakeni nezamalungiselelo / zeyoMsintsi / zikaSeptemba: KwiBanga le-12 omnye

wemisebenzi ekwiKota yesi-2 kunye/okanye neKota yesi-3 mawube luviwo lwasesikolweni/lwangaphakathi.
Kwiimeko apho kubhalwe uviwo olunye lwasesikolweni/lwangaphakathi kwezi zimbini zeBanga le-12, endaweni yolu
lungabhalwanga kungabhalwa uvavanyo ekupheleni kwekota (Umsebenzi wesi-8 nowe-10)
81
4.4.2 Iimviwo
Ifomathi yamaphepha eemviwo: Iphepha loku-1 nelesi-2

IPHEPHA ICANDELO AMANQAKU IXESHA
A: Isicatshulwa
(Kungasetyenziswa uluhlu lweetekisi kuquka iitekisi ezibonwayo okanye
imifanekiso)
Ubude beetekisi emazisetyenziswe
(30)
IBanga Ubude beetekisi (amagama)
10 150-200
11 200-250
1. Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokusemxholweni noncwadi
12 250-300
B: Isishwankathelo iBanga 10-12: amagama angama 40-50 Isicatshulwa
masingakhutshwa kwitekisi yovavanyo.
Ibanga Ubude betekisi
10 ngamagama amalunga ne - 120 10

Iiyure
ezi-2 ½
11 ngamagama amalunga ne - 150
12 ngamagama amalunga ne - 170 120

IBanga
C: Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi (mazihlolwe 10-12
ngokusemxholweni)
• Isigama nokusetyenziswa kolwimi 40
• Izakhiwo zezivakalisi
• Ulwazi olunzulu lokusetyenziswa kolwimi
D. Uncwadi
Enye yezi zilandelayo:
Amabali amafutshane (imibuzo emifutshane kumabali amabini) 40
Okanye (2x20)
Isihobe (imibuzo emifutshane kwimibongo emibini efundisiweyo) (2x20)
Okanye (40)
Inoveli emfutshane (imibuzo emifutshane) (40)
Okanye
Idrama emfutshane (imibuzo emifutshane)

IPHEPHA ICANDELO AMANQAKU IXESHA

A: Isincoko - Esinye
Esibalisayo / Esichaziyo
Ubude besincoko:
Ibanga Inani lamagama
10 amagama angama: 90- 120
40
11 amagama angama:120 - 150
12 amagama angama: 150 - 180
Hlola oku kulandelayo:
• Umxholo nocwangciso (60%).
• Ulwimi, isimbo sokubhala nokuhlela (30%).
• Isakhiwo (10%).
B: Itekisi enye - Umhlathi omde:
Ileta yobuhlobo / esesikweni (yesicelo / yesikhalazo / yesicelo somsebenzi
/ yoshishino / yombulelo / yovuyiswano / yovelwano) / ingxelo emfutshane
/ irivyu / intetho / ingxoxo yababini
2. Ukubhala
Ibanga
Ubude betekisi: 10 -12
80
Iiyure
Ibanga Inani lamagama 20 ezi-2
10-12 amagama angama:60 - 80 (umxholo kuphela)
• Umxholo, ucwangciso nefomathi (60%).
C: Itekisi enye - Umhlathi omfutshane:

Izibhengezo / ungeniso lwedayari / Iiposikhadi /amakhadi zezimemo /
Imiyalelo / Izalathiso / Iiflaya / Iipowusta
Ubude betekisi:
Ibanga Inani lamagama 20

10-12 amagama angama: 40 -60
• Umxholo, ucwangciso nefomathi (60%).
Umxholo omawufundiswe
Ukuhlola kujoliswe kumxholo ofundiswayo ofumaneka kolu xwebhu. Wonke umxholo nezakhono zegrama ezifundiswe
kumaBanga 10 -12 ziza kuhlolwa ngokupheleleyo kumaphepha angaphandle eBanga le-12 ngenxa yothungelwano
lomxholo nezakhono zala mabanga.
Imisebenzi yokuHlola yeorali: Iphepha lesi-3
Imisebenzi yokuhlola yeorali eyenziwe apha enyakeni iyinxalenye yokuhlolwa kwangaphandle kwiBanga le-
12. Ingamanqaku ali-100 kwangama-300 okuhlola kwangaphandle okwenziwa ekupheleni konyaka. Iinkcukacha
malunga nemisebenzi yeorali eyenziwa apha enyakeni zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
83
Iphepha 3 IINKCUKACHA EZINGUNDOQO AMANQAKU
**Yonke imisebenzi yeorali isetwa, ihlolwe esikolweni kodwa iphononongwe / imodareyithwe 25 100
ngaphandle.
Ukuthetha:
Inthetho elungiselelweyo
25
Hlola:Ukucwangcisa nokulungisa umxholo, imvakalozwi, izakhono zokuthetha nokunikezela /
zokwenza intetho, ulwazi olunzulu ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi, ukuchonga amagama
Incoko
Hlola: Umxholo, imvakalozwi, izakhono zokuthetha nokunikezela / zokwenza intetho, ulwazi
Iiorali
olunzulu ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi, ukuchonga amagama

• Ukufunda: 25
• Ukufunda ngokukhwaza okulungiselelweyo

Hlola: Umxholo, imvakalozwi, izakhono zokuthetha nokunikezela / zokwenza intetho, ulwazi
olunzulu ngokusetyenziswa kolwimi.
Ukuphulaphula: 25
Isicatshulwa esiphulaphulwayo
Hlola: Ukuphulaphulela ukuqonda, ulwazi nokuphonononga
*Iiorali: Amanqaku onyaka eorali aphuma ekuthetheni, ekuphulaphuleni nasekufundeni kwaphakathi enyakeni.
Amanqaku okugqibela mawabandakanye ubuncinane umsebenzi omnye wentetho elungiselelweyo, umsebenzi
omnye wokuphulaphula umsebenzi omnye wokufunda ngokukhwaza okulungiselelwey kunye nomsebenzi omnye
wencoko.
4.5 Ukurekhoda nokuNika iNgxelo
Ukurekhoda yinkqubo apho utitshala abhala phantsi izinga lokusebenza lomfundi ngamnye kumsebenzi othile
ohlolwayo. Kubonisa inkqubela-phambili yomfundi ekuzixhobiseni ngolwazi oluxeliweyo ngokweeNkcazelo
zePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola. Iirekhodi zomsebenzi womfundi mazinike ubungqina ngenkqubela-phambili
yengqiqo yomfundi ngokwebanga kunye nokulungela kwakhe ukuqhubela phambili okanye ukudluliselwa kwibanga
elilandelayo. Iirekhodi zomsebenzi womfundi maziphinde zisetyenziswe ukungqinisisa inkqubela-phambili eyenziwe
ngootitshala nabafundi kwinkqubo yokufundisa nokufunda.
Ukukhupha iripoti okanye ingxelo yinkqubo yokwazisa abafundi, abazali babo, isikolo nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba
malunga nendlela asebenza ngayo umfundi ezifundweni zakhe gabalala. Zininzi iindlela ezisetyenziswayo ukunika
iripoti okanye ingxelo ngomsebenzi womfundi. Ziquka amakhadi eripoti okanye engxelo, ukubiza iintlanganiso
nabazali, iintsuku zokutyelela esikolweni, iinkomfa zabazali nootitshala, ukufownela abazali, ukuthumela iileta
kubazali, ukuthumela oolindixesha besikolo okanye beklasi kubazali, njalo njalo. Ootitshala banika iripoti okanye
ingxelo ngokweepesenti ngesifundo ngasinye kumabanga onke. Amazinga ohlukeneyo empumelelo kunye
neepesenti ahambelana nazo adweliswe kule Theyibhile ingasezantsi.

Iikhowudi neepesenti zokurekhoda nokuripota (nokunika ingxelo ngomsebenzi)
Inkcazelo ngendlela aqhuba ngayo
Ikhowudi Ipesenti
umfundi kumsebenzi wakhe
7 Uphumelele ngokugqwesileyo 80 - 100
6 Uphumelele emagqabini 70 - 79
5 Uphumelele ngokuqaqambileyo 60 - 69
4 Uphumelele ngokwanelisayo 50 - 59
3 Uphumelele ngokufanelekileyo 40 - 49
2 Uphumelele ngokuyinxalenye 30 - 39
1 Akaphumelelanga 0 - 29
Ootitshala barekhoda amanqaku achanekileyo kumsebenzi ngamnye ohlolwayo besebenzisa iphepha lokurekhoda
elisemthethweni; banike ingxelo yeso sifundo ngokweepesenti kwiripoti khadi yomfundi.
4.6 Uphononongo lokuhlola
Uphononongo / imodareyishini yinkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi ehlolwayo ichanekile, yamkelekile kwaye
isemgangathweni ochanekileyo. Uphononongo / imodareyishini malwenziwe esikolweni, esithilini, kwiphondo
nakwandlunkulu. Zonke iinkqubo ezichanekileyo neziqingqiweyo zokuphonononga / zokumodareyitha kufuneka
zimiliselwe (zibekwe) ukwenzela ukungqinisisa umgangatho wokuhlola kwazo zonke izifundo.
4.6.1 Ukuhlola okusesikweni / ukuhlola okwenziwa esikolweni (SBA)
• Iimvavanyo noviwo kumaBanga 10 nele-11 ziphononongwa / zimodareyithwa ngaphakathi. Umcebisi wesiXhosa

(wesithili / iphondo) (subject advisor) maka phonononge / amodareyithe isampuli yale misebenzi ihlolwayo xa
endwendwele okanye etyelele esikolweni, ukungqinisisa umgangatho owamkelekileyo wemisebenzi kunye
nophononongo / imodareyishini yangaphakathi.
• Iimvavanyo kunye neemviwo zeBanga le-12 kufuneka ziphononongwe / zimodareyithwe kwinqanaba lephondo.
Le nkqubo isingathwa lisebe lemfundo lephondo.
• Abacebisi besiXhosa kufuneka baphonononge / bamodareyithe iisampuli zeemvavanyo namaphepha eemviwo

phambi kokuba abhalwe ngabafundi ukungqinisisa imigangatho nokunika ootitshala besiXhosa isikhokelo
sokuseta le misebenzi ngokusemgangathweni.
4.6.2 Imisebenzi yokuHlola yeOrali
• KumaBanga e-10 nele-11: Umsebenzi ngamnye weorali oyinxalenye yeNkqubo yokuHlola kufuneka ungeniswe
ngutitshala kwintloko yesiXhosa ukuze iwuphonononge / iwumodareyithe phambi kokuba wenziwe ngabafundi.
Ootitishala bahlola imisebenzi yokuhlolwa yeorali kwiBanga le-10 nele-11. Umcebisi wesiXhosa kufuneka
aphonononge / amodareyithe isampuli yemisebenzi yokuhlolwa yeorali xa etyelele esikolweni ukungqinisisa
umgangatho wemisebenzi leyo nophononongo / imodareyishini eyenziwe ngaphakathi esikolweni.
• KwiBanga 12: Yonke imisebenzi yeorali mayisetwe, ihlolwe esikolweni kodwa iphononongwe / imodareyithwe
ngaphandle. Umsebenzi ngamnye weorali oyinxalenye yeNkqubo yokuHlola kufuneka ungeniswe ngutitshala
kwintloko yesiXhosa ukuze iwuphonononge / iwumodareyithe phambi kokuba wenziwe ngabafundi.
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Ngumsebenzi katitshala ukuhlola imisebenzi ehlolwayo yeorali. Umcebisi wesiXhosa makaphonononge
/ amodareyithe isampuli yemisebenzi ehlolwayo yeorali xa endwendwele okanye etyelele esikolweni
ukungqinisisa umgangatho owamkelekileyo wemisebenzi yeorali kunye nophononongo / imodareyishini
eyenziwe yintloko yesiXhosa. Kunyanzelekile ukuba isampuli yabafundi kwisikolo ngasinye iphononongwe /
imodareyithwe ukungqinisisa umgangatho womsebenzi wabo weorali.
4.7 ULWAZI GABALALA
Olu xwebhu kufanele ukuba lusetyenziswe kunye nala alandelayo:
4.7.1 The National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum
Statement, Grades R-12; kunye
4.7.2 Noxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12.

ULUHLU LWAMAGAMA
Abantu abafumana ulwazi (abaphulaphuli, ababukeli) - aba ngabantu ekujoliswe kubo xa kunikezelwa ngolwazi
oluthile; xa beza kuphulaphula okuthethwayo, babuke oku kwisicatshulwa. Kufuneka ke ngoko, ababhali basoloko
becinga ngenjongo kwanabantu abamkela ulwazi abaza kufunda, babuke loo tekisi.
Enabileyo - xa into ibhalwe ngendlela enabileyo, kuxa kunikwe iinkcukacha eziphangaleleyo ngayo.
Exhalabisayo - apha eli gama lisetyenziselwe ukubonakalisa indlela ekuthi xa umfundi esenza iziphene ezininzi
xa ebhala, lowo ufunda into ayibhalileyo atsho anxube, angonwabi, ngenxa yezo ziphene; kutsho ke kufuneke xa
kunjalo utitshala oza kuba neliso kuloo mfundi, amncede.
Ezibhidanisiweyo - kubhekiselwe kwizimvo ezingabhalekanga kakuhle kwaphela, de athi ubani ofunda loo nto
ibhalwe ngolo hlobo angayiva.
Ezizezabo (izicatshulwa) - Xa umfundi eyila isicatshulwa kubalulekile ukuba aze nezakhe izimvo, angazinyibi ndawo,
zivele kuye buqu.
Fanelekileyo - kuxa kusetyenziswe ulwimi olufanelekileyo ngokwemo leyo, umz: xa uthetha nomntu omdala okanye
umntu ohloniphekileyo kwimeko yomsebenzi, uchonga ulwimi olufanele loo meko.
Idrafti - uyilo okanye amalungiselelo okwenza into eza kunikezelwa, umz. okuza kuthethwa okanye okuza kubhalwa.
Igama elakhiwe kwelinye - eli ligama elakhiwe kwelinye igama okanye elakhiwe kwingcambu, (umz:-sela = intselo).
La magama adla ngokwakhiwa ngokufakela izimaphambili okanye izimamva.
I-akhronim - igama elakhiwe ngoonobumba bokuqala egameni xa lifinyeziwe, umz: INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam
nokuHlola (NKPH).
Iilitherasi - apha kubhekiswa kwiindidi ngeendidi zelitherasi (umz. ukukwazi ukubona uqonde izinto ozibona ngeliso
lenyama, imizobo, ukubala, kunye nokulandela izinto ezinxulumene norhwebo).
Iindidi zoncwadi - apha kubhekiswa kwindlela uncwadi oluhlelwa ngayo (umz. inoveli, amabali amafutshane,
izincoko / amavo, izibongo, idrama okanye ifilim).
Iindlela ngeendlela zokusebenzisa ulwimi - ezi ndlela ngeendlela zibakho xa kukho ukulungelelaniswa okukhoyo
kwisigama, kwiimo zezivakalisi namagama kunye nendlela igama elibizwa ngayo. Oku ke kuyahluka kwisizwana
nesizwana/kwingingqi nengingqi.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi: kukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezifana nentetho engaphucukanga

(slang), ulwimi lwesizwana (dialects) kunye nentetho exutywe namagama antsonkothileyo asetyenziswa ngabantu
bomsebenzi othile (jargon).
Ilitherasi - ilitherasi lulwazi lokufunda nokubhala, ukwazi ukusebenzisa amanani, ulwazi lwekhompyutha, ukuqonda
indlela izixhobo ezibonwa ngeliso lenyama ezisetyenziswa ngayo njalo-njalo. Eli gama lisenokusetyenziselwa
ukubonisa ukukwazi ukulungisa nokusebenzisa ulwazi oluthile, kwanokubhalela iinjongo ezahlukeneyo,
kukwabonakalisa ukukwazi ukuvumbulula iintsingiselo ezendeleyo kwizicatshulwa nakulwimi, ukuze umntu asiqonde
isicatshulwa ukuba singantoni.
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Ilizwi likaNobalisa/lombalisi - eli lilizwi lomntu obalisa ibali. Ungahlula phakathi kombalisi osebenzisa umntu
wokuqala (umz. Ndi- usoloko engumlinganiswa ebalini, owenza izinto ngokwakhe - lifumaneka kakhulu kwizincoko/
kumavo) okanye umntu wesithathu, apho umbalisi abhekisa kubalinganiswa ngokuthi uThemba u…. okanye
ooThemba ba……
Imbali emfutshane enoburharha - le yimbali yeziganeko ezincinane ezibaliswa ngenjongo yokonwabisa,

yokuchwayitisa, kwanokuveza ubunjani bomlinganiswa othile.
Imbali - kubhekiswa kwibali elibaliswa ngomlomo okanye elibhaliweyo, elinezimvo ezilandelelana kakuhle
ngokwendlela iziganeko ezenzeke ngayo.
Imbeko - apha kuthethwa ngolwimi olusetyenziswa ngembeko. Oku kubonisa ubuchule bokukhetha amagama
afanelekileyo, umz. ulwimi olusebenzisa xa uthetha nabantu abahloniphekileyo, nabadala alufani nolusebenzisa
koontanga bakho.
Imeko (yetekisi) - itekisi isoloko isetyenziswa, yakhiwe ikwimo. Imo ke ibandakanya iimeko ezifana nokusebenzisa
izicatshulwa ezingqamene nezentlalo, ezenkcubeko nezepolitiki, umz. xa utitshala efundisa igrama, kufuneka
angafundisi amagama ezimele, koko ekwitekisi.
Imfanozandi - kukusetyenziswa kwezandi ezifanayo. Esi sangotshe sibaluleke kakhulu ekutyebiseni ulwimi
nakuvuselelo-mvakalelo. Siwuzoba ngokupheleleyo umfanekiso waloo nto kuthethwa ngayo.
Imihlathi - ezi ziitekisi ezifana neeleta, imizuzu yentlanganiso, ingxelo, iifeksi.
Imigaqo eyamkelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi - imigaqo eyamkelekileyo okanye xa kusetyenziswe intetho

yolwimi. Eminye imigaqo incedisa ekuqulatheni intsingiselo (umz. imigaqo yegrama, iimpawu zokubhala, uhlobo
oluthile lokusebenzisa oonobumba xa kuchwethezwa) ize eminye incedise ekuchazeni isiqulatho (umz. uluhlu
lweziqulatho, indlela yokucwangcisa okuthile, izihloko, iitshathi, uluhlu, imifanekiso kunye nesalathiso).
Imizobo - kubhekiswa kwimveliso yezokubonwa ngeliso lenyama, nezobugcisa ezizotywe ngesandla okanye
ngekhompyutha, eziyiliweyo, njalo njalo.
Imo yokunxibelelanisa - zininzi iindlela zokunxibelelanisa, umz. ngokubhala, ngokuthetha okanye incoko yomlomo,
ngokwenza imifanekiso ebonwa ngeliso lenyama (ibandakanya imizobo enjengeetshati); ulwazi ke lungaguquguqulwa
lususwe kwenye imo, luye kwenye (njengokusuka ekusebenziseni igrafu uye ekubhaleni umhlathi, usebenzise ulwazi
ulususa kwiorali/ kwintetho yomlomo uye kumfanekiso ophawuliweyo).
Imo yomphefumlo - apha kuthethwa ngendlela umbhali woncwadi aziva ngayo xa ebhala incwadi, nokuba libali
okanye isibongo; le mo ke idla ngokudizwa ngamagama asetyenziswayo (umz. ‘Yayiziinyembezi zodwa ecaleni
kwaloo bhasi yayiqungquluzile’ la magama mabini anomgca ngaphantsi abonisa ukuba akonwatywanga apha.
Impazamo yokusebenzisa amagama amade ngendlela engafanelekanga - abanye abantu bayathanda

ukusebenzisa amagama amade nantsonkothileyo, bezama nje ukutsala amehlo, de loo magama bawasebenzise
ngendlela engafanelekanga, nedala intsini kophulaphuleyo.
Impixano - yimeko apho abalinganiswa baphikisana ngezimvo; lungquzulwano lwezimvo olubakho phakathi
komlinganiswa nabalinganiswa ababini nangaphezulu, umlinganiswa nendalo okanye abantu nje. Olu ngquzulwano
lungenzeka ngenxa yeemfuno zabo okanye into abayixabisileyo (impixano isenokuba yeyangaphakathi /
yeyangaphandle).

Impoxo - xa kusetyenziswa esi sagwelo kuthi kubekho ukuncoma okuphoxayo/ yintetho eveza into echasene nale
nto ubani ayithethayo. Apha kuphoxiswa ngomntu (umz. xa usithi kumntu ofike mva kunani: ‘Ndiva kakubi ukuba
sifike phambi kwakho’), ube wena umphoxela le nto efike emva kwexesha; sukube apha uphoxisa ngomntu.
Iindlela ngeendlela zokusebenzisa ulwimi - ezi ndlela ngeendlela zibakho xa kukho ukulungelelaniswa okukhoyo
kwisigama, kwiimo zezivakalisi namagama kunye nendlela igama elibizwa ngayo. Oku ke kuyahluka kwingingqi
nengingqi/kwisizwana nesizwana.
Injambamenti (enjambment) - ugxalathelwano lwamalungu olungenasingqisho.
Inkcaso-vuthondaba (anticlimax) - Kuxa bekulindeleke ukuba kufikelelwe kwinqanaba eliphezulu ebalini, sele
kulindelwe ukuhla kwesiganeko esibalulekileyo okanye esonwabisayo, suke kungade kufikelelwe kuso; okusuke
kwenzeke kukuba kwisakhiwo sebali kuvela iziyolisi, kungenjalo isiganekwana nje esingabalulekanga kuyaphi,
okanye kuphambukwe kwisiganeko ebesiphethwe, kuvezwe esitsha.
Inkqubo yokufundwa kweelwimi ezininzi kusongezwa kolwasekhaya (additive multilingualism) - xa umntu

efunda ulwimi (iilwimi) ukongeza kulwimi lwakhe lwasekhaya. Oku akuthethi ukuba olu lwimi lutsha luthatha indawo
yolwimi lwasekhaya, koko lufundwa kunye nalo.
Intetho edidekisayo - kuxa kusetyenziswe ulwimi oludidekisayo ngabom ukwenzela ukufihla izinto eziyinyaniso
ezenzekileyo, zifihlelwa umfundi okanye umphulaphuli.
Intetho eqhelekileyo enokufaka amagama angekho sesikweni - olu lulwimi olusetyenziswa xa kuncokolwa njee
ngabantu, lube lona lungekho sesikweni.
Intetho esetyenziswa ngabantu bomsebenzi othile (ijagoni) - kukho amagama asetyenziswa ngabantu baloo
msebenzi, wena mntu ungasebenzi apho ongenakuyilandela intsingiselo yawo, ngaphandle kokuba ude ucaciselwe
umz:- ulwimi olusetyenziswa ngootitshala, oonesi, oogqirha njalo njalo.
Intetho esetyenziswa rhoqo ide idike (cliché) - kukusebenzisa amagama athile okanye uluvo oluthile, de kuphele
nesongo sawo kuba esetyenziswa njalo; kude kulahleke nentsingiselo yawo, umz. uyabona? Xa eli gama lisoloko
lisetyenziswa entethweni, nokuba aliyomfuneko, lide liphelelwe lixabiso.
Intsingiselo ejijiweyo - yiloo ntsingiselo ivezwa sisivakalisi xa ubani esebenzise igama ngokungafanelekanga,
okanye kwindawo engafanelekanga, aze athi lowo ulwaziyo ulwimi, xa efunda eso sivakalisi afumane ukuba
intsingiselo iba yengeyiyo, okt. ijijiwe.
Intsingiselo erheshayo - kuxa kusetyenziswe igama ngendlela apha engatsolisiyo, kodwa ube uqonda ukuba
lirhesha into ethile, libugwegweleza, aliyi ngqo.
Intsingiselo eziwe ngecala - intsingiselo eziwe nje ngecala kwitekisi, engavezwanga ngendlela ethe ngqo.
Intsingiselo engundoqo / yentsusa - yile ntsingiselo icacileyo yegama kuloo meko likuyo. umz. Eli bhastile lam
lihle; uthetha ngebhastile eli lihle liligungqu lokudlala, kanti xa intsingiselo ibifihlakele ngesithetha ngobuhle bentombi,
mhlawumbi.
Intsingiselo embolombini- indlela amagama asetyenziswa ngayo, ndlela leyo enokwenza athi ofundayo angaziqondi
ncam ukuba elo gama lisetyenziswe kuyiphi kanye kanye imeko. Le ndlela ke ingayijika intsingiselo.
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Intsingiselo efihlakeleyo - le yintsingiselo yesibini engaphaya kwale yentsusa iqhelekileyo; umz: igama ‘ihagu’
lithetha isilwanyana esiyihagu, kodwa xa usiya kwintsingiselo yesibini ingathetha ukutyeba, ubumdaka, ukubawa
njalo njalo.
Intsusa - kubhekiswa kuloo nto isukela kuyo intshukumo okanye imeko.
I-oksimoroni - kwesi safobe kusetyenziswa amagama aphikisanayo ngohlobo lokuba umfundi abhideke, ibe ngathi
ayicacanga eyona ntsingiselo yesiqwenga eso, kanti uya kuthi akusondela, ayiqonde into esiyithethayo. Intetho le iba
ngathi iyaziphikisa kanti akunjalo.
Iparadokisi - yintethwana enobutyhulu yokuthi ichasane noko kwamkeleke njengenyaniso.
Irejista/ Ulwimi lwemeko ethile - amagama asetyenziswa kwimiba neemeko ezahlukeneyo. Umz. amagama
asetyenziswa ngumfundi xa ethetha nomnye umfundi ongumhlobo wakhe ahlukile kumagama awasebenzisa xa
ethetha notitshala amhloniphileyo. La ngamagama, okanye isimbo, igrama okanye indlela ubani alinyusa ngayo
ilizwi; la magama asetyenziswa ngabantu abathile, okanye ababhali abathile kwiimo okanye iimeko ezahlukeneyo,
umz:- xa kubhalwa ileta yobuhlobo okanye yasebuRhulumenteni, ulwimi olusetyenziswayo alufani; kanti naxa uthetha
nomntu omdala kunawe, awusebenzisi lwimi lunye njengaxa uthetha nontanga wakho.
Isafobe - eli ligama okanye ibinzana elisetyenziswe ngendlela ezekelisayo, ukuphumeza loo ntsingiselo; imizekelo
yezafobe zizifaniso, isimntwiso, isikweko, njalo njalo
Isakhiwana sebali - yintshukumo encedisayo, ehamba calanye nesakhiwo esiphambili kwinoveli okanye umdlalo.
Isakhiwo sebali - esi sisicwangciso somsebenzi woncwadi ngakumbi kwiidrama neenoveli. Isakhiwo sebali
sibandakanya indlela le ilula yokulandelelana kweziganeko, ebonisa uzalwano phakathi kweziganeko, kubonakale
nokuba le into yenzeka ngenxa yaleya.
Isichasi - ligama elibonisa into echaseneyo nelinye igama kwakolu lwimi lunye, umz. ubhityile > utyebile.
Isifaniso - kuxa ufanisa into ethile nenye; apha kusetyenziswa amagama afana noo “njenge-”, “nqwa ne-”, “oku kwe-
”, umz. Uhambisa oku kukanina.
Isigqebelo - yimeko eyenzeka ebalini apho, abafundi bathi babe nolwazi angenalo yena umlinganiswa ngelo xesha
ngento eseza kwenzeka kuye okanye kwabanye abalinganiswa. Sinento yokwenza nembono/indlela ubani into
ayibona ngayo/ kukusetyenziswa kwamagama ngendlela yokuba eyona ntsingiselo yokuthethwayo ifihlwe okanye
iphikiswe/kusebenzisa intetho enentsingiselo engundoqo / yentsusa nefihlakeleyo, eyahlukileyo kuleyo ingqalileyo.
Isigqebelo sedrama (dramatic irony) - kulapho abalinganiswa benza izinto bengazi babe bona abafundi bencwadi
sebetyhilelwe/abalinganiswa banolwazi okwahlukileyo kolwabafundi / ababukeli.
Isihlanganisi - ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amagatya ukuze enze isivakalisi esinye. Ligama elimsebenzi
walo ikukwenza ukuba izivakalisi mazinxibelelane kakuhle zenze imihlathi elandelelanayo, mihlathi leyo enokuphela
isakha izicatshulwa; umz. xa, kodwa.
Isihloko esigqamileyo - isihloko senqaku elithile, somfanekiso, ifoto njalo njalo, esidla ngokunceda ukutsala umdla
ngendlela esikhethwe ngayo - ukubonisa inqaku elo ukuba lingantoni na.
Isihlonipho - yintetho emnandi esetyenziselwa ukuquma isenzo esibi, esilinyala okanye esilihlazo emehlweni abantu
/ kuxa intetho ekhangeleka ngathi ibiza into ngqo, icezelwa ngokusebenzisa intetho evakala kamnandi umz. uqhuba
amatakane, endaweni yokuthi unxilile.

Isikweko - sisafobe apho kuthi kusetyenziswa enye into xa kuchazwa enye, oko kusenziwa kuba ezo zinto
zineempawu ezifanayo, umz. UThemba lo yinyoka (kuba enobungozi njengenyoka).
Isimntwiso - sisafobe esithi sifanise into engemntu siyifanisa nomntu. Kuxa kuthathwe iimpawu zomntu zanikwa
izinto ezingengobantu, umz. Tywala ungumlahlekisi (utywala apha benziwe baneempawu zobuntu kwathiwa
buyalahlekisa).
Isinedokhi - ukubiza into ngaleyo iyinxenye yayo.
Isingqisho - kukubizeka kwamagama, izandi, okanye amabinzana kwivesi ngendlela evakala kamnandi. Le nto idla
ngokufumaneka kwimibongo.
Isinxibelelanisi - kubhekiswa kuzo zonke iitekisi zonxibelelwano, ezizezi: ezomlomo, ezibhalwayo, ezibonwayo,
eziviwa-zibonwa.
Isiphelo esothusayo (ironic twist) - isiphelo esingalindelekanga apho umbhali aphetha ibali ngendlela
ebingalindelekanga kumfundi kodwa ibikhe yahlakulelwa apha ebalini.
Isiphumo - kuthethwa isiphumo sentshukumo/sesenzo okanye imeko.
Isiqalelo - eli gama lisetyenziswe apha kwimo yokubonisa uhlobo lwetekisi eyakhiwe ngumfundi, tekisi leyo ibonisa
umgangatho osezantsi wokuyila. Umfundi osebenzisa olu hlobo usafuna ukuncediswa aqeqeshwe.
Isiqulatho - eli ligama elisetyenziselwa ukubonisa izinto ezibandakanyiweyo kwizinto ezifana namaxwebhu njalo
njalo
Isithetha-ntonye/isifanokuthi - ngamagama athetha into enye umz. ukurhala/ukubawa, umtshakazi/umakoti.
Isixhobo esibonakalisa ubuciko - esi sisixhobo esifana naxa isithethi sinqumama, sisebenzisa uphindaphindo xa
sithetha, sisenzela ukucenga okanye ukuqinisekisa lowo uphulaphuleyo.
Isizathu - yinto engunobangela wento eqhubekayo, okanye imeko ekhoyo.
Izivakalisi ezigatyanye (simple sentences) - zizivakalisi ezinentloko nesivisa/isenzi. Zisenokuba nesichazi; kodwa
azinalo elinye igatya elixhomekeke kuzo.
Izivakalisi esimbaxa (compound sentences) - zizivakalisi ezinamagatya amabini nangaphezulu kodwa entanganye,
amanye awahlanganiswa ngazihlanganisi kanti amanye ahlanganiswa ngezihlanganisi zolingano umz kanti, koko,
kuloko, okanye, phofu, kunjalo nje njalo njalo.
Izivakalisi ezixandileyo (complex sentences) - zizivakalisi ezinamagatya angaphezulu kwegatya elinye, umz igatya
eliyintloko namanye axhomekeke kulo afana nala; abalulayo, amel’isibizo, achazayo, ahlomelayo nawondelelwano.
Itekisi efundeka ngeendlela ngeendlela - apha kubandakanywa izicatshulwa, izixhobo ezibonwa ngeliso lenyama,
eziviwa ngeendlebe, umz. iividiyo, njalo njalo Xa umfundi enika intetho elungiselelweyo angasebenzisa izilayidi,
imifanekiso, iividiyo njalo njalo
91
Itekisi enobunyani - luhlobo lwetekisi olusetyenziselwa ukuba ubani awubone umfanekiso wento ekuthethwa
ngayo; ayiveli kuncwadi yona (umz: isenokuvela kwimagazini nakwinqaku elivela kwiphephandaba, okushicilelwe
kuvela koonomathotholo kunye noomabonakude, izibhengezo, iileyibheli zezinto ezithengiswayo, iibrowutsha
ezinika iinkcukacha ezimalunga nomakwaziwe ngabatyeleli, amaphepha avela kurhulumente ekufuneka ezalisiwe,
kwakunye nemizekelo yeeleta eziyinyani).
Ithoni / imvakalo-zwi - apha kunokubhekiswa kuqala kwindlela ubani abiza ngayo igama. Eli gama “ithoni” xa
lisetyenziswe nzulu likwabhekisa kwindlela igama elithile elisetyenziswe nzulu ngayo kwisivakalisi. Kwisicatshulwa
ithoni yegama ibhekisa kwindlela igama elisetyenziswe ngayo kuloo mo, nentsingiselo eliyizisayo. Kwifilim ithoni
ingaphunyezwa ngohlobo lomculo odlalwayo, kungenjalo imo-ntlalo.
Okuqukayo - kule mfundo yale mihla kufuneka imfundo ifikeleleke kuye wonke ubani; bubakho ubuncinane
bokufuneka kuphunyelelwe, obucaciswayo, bubhekisa kubo bonke abafundi, khon’ ukuze abo bafundi baneemfuno
ezizodwa ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni babe nabo bayabandakanyeka; yaye kule mfundo kugxininiswa
ekubeni bangacalucalulwa bafundiswe bodwa.
Oomahamba-kunye (collocations) - ngamagama asoloko ehamba kunye / esetyenziswa kunye umz. intlaka
nexolo, amathe nolwimi, inyoka nesele, umMbo nomXesibe.
Ubabazo/ugqithiso/ubaxo - sisafobe esibonisa ukubaxa xa umntu ethetha ngento ethile, umz. ‘Wandiphakela
intaba yokutya’, apha kuthethwa ukutya okuninzi.
Ubuchule bokuqiqisisa - kuxa umfundi esebenzise izimvo zakhe xa, mhlawumbi ebhala okanye esenza intetho,
ngendlela apha ebonisa ukuba unobuchule bokuyicingisisisa into phambi kokuba ayithethe okanye ayibhale phantsi;
loo nto ke itsho ngento evakala okanye efundeka kamnandi.
Ubuchule bokusebenzisa amagama ngendlela yokuhlasela (word attack skill) - obu bubuchule obusetyenziswayo
xa umfundi efunda igama angalaziyo; uye aliqhawu-qhawule libe ngamalungu okanye ajonge intsingiselo eziswa
zizimaphambili, kungenjalo izimamva, esenzela ukude ayive kakuhle intsingiselo yalo.
Ubuhle (authentic) - ukusetyenziswa kolwimi ukuyila into ngokucoliseka nangolonwabo.
Ubumbo zivakalisi (isinteksi) - yindlela amagama alungelelaniswa ngayo ukwakha izakhi zegrama, umz.
amabinzana, amagatya, izivakalisi njalo njalo Apha kujongwa nemithetho elawula ubumbo-zivakalisi.
Ubungakanani boonobumba - apha kujongwe koonobumba abasetyenziswa xa kuchwethezwa ngekhompyutha,

le nto kuthiwa yifonti.
Ubuchule - eli gama lisetyenziselwe ukubonisa ukuba xa usebenzisa ulwimi ngobunono kuxa uchula ukunyathela
ekukhetheni amagama, ukhethe igama elifanele loo meko.
Uchasaniso - ukusetyenziswa kwamagama achaseneyo kwisivakalisi /umqolo ukucacisa imeko ethile umz. Bangena
bephuma, ukubila usoma.
Ugxalathelwano lwamabinzana okanye amalungu, kungekho singqisho (enjambment) - ukusetyenziswa

kwemiqolo elandelelanayo ingenasingqisho kodwa isebenzisa isigama esihambelanayo esenza ukuba imiqolo
ifundwe kunye njengomqolo omnye oqhubelekayo.

Ukuba neliso kwindlela amagama asetyenziswa ngayo - apha kuthethwa ngokukwazi ukucazulula indlela
intsingiselo evezwe ngayo, ukukwazi ukugqala amandla ulwimi olunawo; xa umfundi eyiqaphela indlela amagama
asetyenziswa ngayo, nentsingiselo ayinikwayo kuloo mo, umfundi uya kukwazi ukumelana neendlela zokuqhathwa
ezinokuvezwa lulwimi olo, akwazi kananjalo ukusebenzisa ulwimi ngononophelo.
Ukubaza ingqondo - xa kusithiwa ubani uphulaphule ebaze ingqondo kuthethwa ukuba uphulaphulisisile, yaye
uyivulile ingqondo.
Ukucazulula - xa ufunda, mhlawumbi itekisi, uze uchaze ukuba igama elithile libonakalisa ntoni, lisetyenziswe njani,
kuba kutheni, liza nafuthe lini - sithi uyalucazulula ulwimi okanye uyawacazulula amagama.
Ukuchaza into ngamanye amazwi - kuxa uluvo okanye okuqulethwe kwisicatshulwa kuphinda kubhalwa
ngamazwi alowo ubhala eso sicatshulwa kwakhona, oko kukuthi, usebenzise awakho amazwi endaweni yalawo
ebekwisicatshulwa.
Ukucikoza - kubonakalisa ubuchule bokuthi ubani xa ethetha okanye ebhala asebenzise ulwimi olunezimvo
ezilandelelanayo, nezinamatheleneyo. Ngale ndlela ke ulwimi luye luvakale kamnandi, kananjalo luchazeke kakuhle.
Ukucinga ngendlela eyilayo - le yinkqubo yokucinga ngezimvo okanye iimeko ngeendlela zokuziqambela, okanye
ngendlela engaqhelekanga, nto leyo ebonisa ubuchule balowo ucingayo.
Ukudlala ngamagama - ukusetyenziswa kobumbolo-mbini bamagama.
Ukufumana inxalenye - kubhekiswa kumfundi ongaphumelelanga ncam, ofumene ezinye iziphumo, ingezizo zonke.
Ukufunda ngokukhawuleza ungacoseleli - kukufunda isinxibelelanisi ukhawulezisa, usenzela nje ukufumana

ukuba singantoni na umz:- ukufunda izihloko kwiphepha-ndaba ukhangela ukuba zithini iindaba eziphambili.
Ukugqibelela - eli gama lisetyenziswe kwimo yokubonisa umntu ocingayo phambi kokuba asebenzise ulwimi,
alusebenzise ngokufezekileyo.
Ukuhlekisa ngokusebenzisa ulinganiso - xa kuhlekiswa ngomntu othile ngokusebenzisa indlela ebhanxayo;

kunokusetyenziswa umfanekiso obonisa iimpawu zakhe eziphuhlileyo, ngendlela ebaxayo, kuba kufunwa ukuhlekisa
okanye ukubhanxa ngaye.
Ukuhlela - kukulungisa iziphene zegrama, zosetyenziso lolwimi, ukulungisa iziphene kupelo, njalo njalo, kusenzelwa
ukuba okubhaliweyo kufundeke kakuhle; xa kuhlelwa ke, umhleli kufuneka ajonge nolandelelwano lwezimvo, nesimo
sezivakalisi, kunye nemihlathi.
Ukuhlola - yinkqubo yokuqokelela ulwazi oluthile malunga nesakhono somfundi kumsebenzi awenzayo. Oku
kungenziwa rhoqo, kusetyenziswa iindlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlola.
Ukuhlola okushwankathelayo - olu ke lona uhlobo lokuhlola lunika ingxelo eshwankathelweyo, nebonisa ubuchule
obugqibeleleyo asele enabo umfundi, kumsebenzi aselewunikiwe, emva kwekota, isiqingatha sonyaka okanye
ekupheleni konyaka. Okubalulekileyo kukuba akufuneki kunikwe uhlobo olunye lwendlela yokuhlola, aze ke abe
selegwetywa ngalo umfundi.
Ukuhlola okusisiseko - kubalulekile ukuba phambi kokuba abafundi bafundiswe khe kuhlolwe ukuba yintoni na
asele beyazi, beyazi kangakanani na loo nto. Utitshala ke emva koku uyakwazi ukuqhuba nezifundo zakhe.
93
Ukuhlola okwakhayo - xa kumane kusenziwa olu hlobo lokuhlola ngutitshala, sukube ejonge ekufumaneni inkqubela
phambili yomfundi; akulindwa de ube mninzi umsebenzi, ze kunikwe uvavanyo emva koko; kuye kunikwe nengxelo
ngohlobo olwakhayo, nolungamtyhafisiyo umfundi.
Ukuhlolwa kwezidingo - olu hlobo lokuhlola lwenzelwa ukujonga ukuba ziintoni na iingxaki ezisendleleni
yokuphumelela komfundi; akube ke utitshala ezifumene ezi ngxaki, uyakwazi ukuza namacebo afanelekileyo.
Ukukrwaqula ukhawulezisa - kuxa ubani ebalekisa amehlo xa efunda nokuba sisinxibelelanisi mhlawumbi, esenzela
nje ukufumana ulwazi oluthile, umz. ukubalekisa nje amehlo ujonga igama elithile nenombolo yemfonomfono yomntu,
okanye ukufumana ixesha emka ngalo ibhasi okanye uloliwe, xa ukrwaqula isicwangcisi-maxesha senkampani
yeebhasi.
Ukulandelelana nonxibelelwano olusetyenziswe ngobuchule - kubhekiswa kwindlela enokuthi imihlathi

ilandelelane ngobuchule bokuqiqisisa. Obu buchule bunento yokwenza nokulandelelana kwezimvo, nto leyo yenza
intsingiselo evakala kamnandi kofundayo, nophulaphuleyo. Imihlathi enjalo ibonisa ulandelelwano lwezimvo, apho
izivakalisi zilandelelana ngobuchule obukhulu.
Ukulawula ulwimi - kuxa umfundi esebenzisa ubuchule bokwazi ukuba makasebenzise liphi na igama, nini, njani,
kuba kutheni.
Ukulungelelanisa (intetho) - kukumisa kakuhle intetho yakho ngokulandelelanisa izimvo.
Ukunamathelana / ukuyondelelana - kukho izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo ukuphuhlisa uyondelelwano phakathi

kwezivakalisi, xa kusakhiwa imihlathi okanye iziqwenga. Ezi zizixhobo ezifana nezimelabizo okanye amagama
anokuphindaphinda into ethethwayo ngeendlela ngeendlela, umz. Umntwana wesikolo uwenze kakuhle umsebenzi
wakhe. Lo mntwana kucacile ukuba uzimisele. U-’lo mntwana’ usabhekisa kwisibizo esisekuqaleni u-’umntwana,’
encedisa ukwenza olu nxibelelwano ngesiya sikhombisi u-’lo.’
Ukundyondyisa emva ngabom - apha ke sukube ingaba bavezwe mfiliba abadlali xa sibukele nokuba yifilim;
bavezwa mfiliba ngemva kuba sukuba bengabalulekanga ngelo xesha ngokwesiganeko sebali; sithi ke basandyondya
emva belinde elabo ithuba lokuba bagqame; ukundyondya kukulinda ndaweni ithile, ulindele elakho ithuba; nebhasi
le xa umqhubi esayenza shushu, igquma kuhle sithi iyandyondya.
Ukunkqenkqezisa phambili ngabom - xa sijonge umdlalo kamabonakude, siye sibone kukho abantu kuloo mboniso
abavezwe mfiliba, ze kubekho aba bagqamileyo; aba bacacileyo ke ngabo umbhali abankqenkqezisa (ababalekisa)
phambili ngabom kuba kufuneka amehlo ethu abone bona, kuba iziganeko sukube zingqamene (zijonge) nabo.
Ukunqaphaza - ukungenzi/ukungenzeki kwento ngendlela exhaphakileyo.
Ukuphaphamisa into engaphefumliyo - kuxa kusenziwa abantu kunye nezilwanyana ezisemfanekisweni zibe
ngathi ziyashukuma.
Ukuqalisa - kuxa ubani inguye oqala into, njengencoko, baze abanye babhekise phambili.
Ukuqokelela izimvo (brainstorming) - Ukulungiselela ukubhala intetho ngokuthi usebenzise iindlela-ndlela

zokuqokelela ulwazi oza kulusebenzisa, ngokujula nje izimvo, ungazicwangcisi ncam. Iindlela zokuqokelela izimvo:
isazobe sokucinga (mind map), uluhlu lwezimvo, iitshathi, njalo njalo

Ukuqonda okunzulu - yindlela athi ubani acazulule ngayo indlela intsingiselo yegama eyakhiwe ngayo. Apha
kufuneka umfundi aqonde indlela ulwimi olusetyenziswe ngayo, kwakunye namandla alo. Obu bunzulu bolwimi
bumenza ukuba umfundi amelane nokuqhathwa, ngakumbi kwizinto ezifana nezibhengezo. Ude ke umfundi ajonge
indlela ulwimi olusetyenziswe ngononophelo ngayo.
Ukuthelekelela - kukufunda into, uze uzakhele olwakho uluvo usebenzisa intelekelelo.
Ukuthelekisa - kuxa uthelekisa izinto ezimbini ngeenjongo zokufumana umahluko.
Ukuthetha ngezandla/ngentloko - luhlobo lokuthetha/lokuqhagamshelana nomntu othile ngokusebenzisa izandla

okanye unqwale nje intloko xa ubonisa ukuba uyavuma, kungenjalo usebenzise ezinye iintshukumo zomzimba.
Ukuyimela into - kuxa ubonakalisa ukungajiki xa uxoxa ngento ethile, futhi uzixhase.
Uluvo lwakho - yindlela ubani azithatha / azibona ngayo izinto.
Ulwimi lwasekhaya - olu lulwimi abantwana abalufunda ekhaya besakhula, belufunda ngokulinganisa. Olu lulwimi
abafunda ngalo ukucinga. Ulwimi lwasekhaya lomfundi ongumXhosa sisiXhosa.
Ulwimi lwesizwana/lwengingqi - olu luhlobo lolwimi oluthethwa sisizwana esithile. Olu lwimi lwahlukile kwezinye
iimo zolo lwimi lusukela kulo, malunga namagama asetyenziswayo, ukwakhiwa kunye nendlela abizwa ngayo.
Ulwimi olongezelelweyo - kuthethwa ngolwimi olunokufundwa ngumfundi esongeza kolo lwakhe lwasekhaya, umz.
umfundi olwimi lwakhe lusisiXhosa afunde isiNgesi esongeza kwisiXhosa.
Ulwimi oluchukumisayo - lulwimi olusetyenziswe ngendlela apha ebanga usizi de ubani athi azive efuna ukulila,
abe novakalelo.
Ulwimi oluqhathayo - kuxa ubani esebenzisa ulwimi oluthile ngendlela yokuqhatha umntu, ezama mhlawumbi
ukumphembelela ukuba makawele kweli lakhe icala; umzekelo uyafumaneka kwizibhengezo, apho kusetyenziswa
ulwimi olunobuqhetseba ngamanye amaxesha; umz:- Thenga nazi izisulu, zikho namhlanje kuphela.
Ulwimi olusetyenziselwa ukuthetha ngolunye ulwimi (meta-language) - kukho isigama esisetyenziswayo xa

sithetha ngolwimi; oku kubandakanya isigama esifana nala magama asetyenziswa ngabantu abafundisa ulwimi:
“imeko”, “isimbo sombhali”, “isakhiwo sebali”, “ingxoxo yababini” nesinye isigama.
Umabizwafane - ligama elibizwa, lipelwe ngokufana nelinye, kodwa libe lahlukile ngentsingiselo umz. idolo, eli
siguqa ngalo; idolo eliligophe kwindlela yemoto.
Umatshini wokubonisa umboniso bhanya-bhanya - izixhobo ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa umboniso bhanya-

bhanya, njengokukhanya okanye uhlobo lokufota oluthile.
Umbuzo-buciko - luhlobo lombuzo olungalindeli mpendulo xa lubuzwa; kwenzelwa nje ukugxininisa. umz:- Nithi
ndihlaleleni ndingafi nje?
Umfanekiso-ntelekelelo - kuxa kusetyenziswa amagama adala imifanekiso ezingqondweni zethu njengokusebenzisa

izifaniso, izikweko, izimntwiso namanye amagama adala umfanekiso engqondweni yomntu.
Umgqalisela - xa kusithiwa unomgqalisela wento kuthethwa ukuba uyijonge ngeliso elibukhali neliqaphelayo, umz.
umfundi kufuneka xa efunda abe nomgqalisela wezinto ezithile ukuze akulandele akufundayo, aze athi naxa ehlolwa
akukhumbule abekufundile nabekubonile; makaqwalasele, aqaphele ke lilonke.
95
Umlinganiselo - esi sisikali esibonisa ukuba umfundi uphumelele kangakanani na ngokwemilinganiselo ebekiweyo,
nevunyiweyo, milinganiselo leyo echazwe kakuhle, ngaphantsi kwesahluko sesine kwinqanaba ngalinye.
Umngqungqo - kuxa kukho amagama afanayo okanye imiqolo efanayo; ingazizikhamiso, kungenjalo amaqabane,
okanye igama; le nto idla ngokwenzeka ekuqaleni okanye ekupheleni komqolo, okanye kumana kuphindwa igama
okanye umqolo othile; yonke le nto yenza isandi somngqungqo.
Umongo - kukujonga ukuba incwadi leyo uyifundayo, isicatshulwa okanye umbongo ungantoni.
Umqobo - yinto ethintela ukuba ubani akwazi ukwenza into, umz:- ulwimi lungangumqobo osendleleni yomntu xa
abantu bolo lwimi bethetha wena ungeva, okanye umfundi ongalulandeliyo ulwimi lokufunda nokufundisa angazibona
engaqhubi kakuhle kwizifundo zakhe, ngaloo ndlela lungumqobo endleni yakhe eya kwimpumelelo.
Umqondiso/isimboli - yinto esetyenziswa imele into ethile, umz:- ihobe ngumqondiso woxolo.
Umtsalane - yinto eyenza umdla kulowo ubukeleyo, iyakutsala ke ngamanye amazwi.
Umtsalane othambekele ecaleni - le yindlela athi ubani abonakalise ukuba nomkhethe wento ethile, yingcingane,
kungenjalo uluvo oluthile, nto leyo enokukwenza ubunzima ukuveza isigqibo esifanelekileyo nesanelisayo ngento
ethile.
Umxholo - yeyona mbono ingundoqo kubhalo loncwadi; isicatshulwa singanemixholwana emininzi, eminye kuyo
ingacaci gca ibe selubala.
Unxibelelwano ngeendlela ngeendlela - zezi zinxibelelanisi ziyimizobo ziqulethe imiyalezo, ezifana neefilim,
imifanekiso, iikhathuni, imizobo, njalo njalo.
Uphindaphindo lwezandi ezifanayo - kwizibongo kunokuphindaphindwa izandi ezifanayo, nokuba ngamaqabane

okanye izikhamiso, umz. Iqaqa liziqikaqika kuqaqaqa.
Uphuphelo (foreshadowing) - lukrotyiso kokuza kwenzeka ebalini
Usetyenziso lwamagama amaninzi angeyomfuneko - kuxa kusetyenziswa amagama, iziqwengana okanye

izivakalisi ebezinokushiywa, ukuze ke naxa sezide zashiywa, kuye kungabikho nto ivakalayo.
Uvumephika - kukusetyenziswa kwezimvo ezimbini ezichaseneyo.
Uvuthondaba - kuxa kufikelelwe kwelona nqanaba liphezulu ebalini, nqanaba elo lonwabisayo, liphuhlisayo,
nelibalulekileyo; apha sukube kungekho kubuya ngamva ebalini.

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INkcazelo yeKharityhulam

INkcazelo yePolisi yeSizwe

Isigaba seMfundo noQeqesho

IsiXhosa uLwimi LWESIBINI OLONGEZELELWEYO

E-mail: [email protected] or fax (012) 328 9828

Department of Basic Education

222 Struben Street

120 Plein Street Private Bag X9023

© 2011 Department of Basic Education

Design and Layout by: Ndabase Printing Solution

Printed by: Government Printing Works

INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA

(c) National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12.

MRS ANGIE MOTSHEKGA, MP

INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA

ICANDELO LOKU-1: Intshayelelo yeNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola.................3

1.1 Imvelaphi .......................................................................................................................................................3

1.3 Iinjongo eziphangaleleyo zekharityhulam yoMzantsi Afrika........................................................................4

1.4 Ukwabiwa kwexesha........................................................................................................................................6

1.4.1 IsiGaba esisiSeko....................................................................................................................................6

1.4.2 IsiGaba esiPhakathi.................................................................................................................................6

1.4.3 IsiGaba esiPhezulu..................................................................................................................................7

1.4.4 IBanga 10-12...........................................................................................................................................7

ICANDELO LESI-2: UKwazisa iiLwimi....................................................................................................................8

2.1 IiLwimi ngokweNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola ...................................................................8

2.2 Iinjongo ezicacileyo zokufunda iiLwimi ezoNgezelelweyo..........................................................................9

2.3 Amagqabantshintshi ngekharityhulam yolwimi..........................................................................................10

2.4 Ukufundiswa koLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo.....................................................................................11

2.5 Iindlela zokufundiswa kolwimi......................................................................................................................15

2.6 Ulwabiwo lwexesha kwikharityhulam..........................................................................................................17

2.7 Iimfuno zokufundiswa koLwimi lwesiBini oloNgezelelweyo njengesifundo............................................18

ICANDELO LESI-3: UmXholo neziCwangciso zokuFundisa izaKhono zoLwimi............... 19

3.1 UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha..........................................................................................................................19

3.2 UkuFunda nokuBukela..................................................................................................................................26

3.3 UkuBhala nokuNikezela.................................................................................................................................33

3.4 Izakhi nemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kolwimi - uluhlu olubonisayo ...........................................................41

3.5 Izicwangciso zokufundisa.............................................................................................................................43

3.5.1 IsiCwangciso sokuFundisa iBanga 10...................................................................................................47

3.5.2 IsiCwangciso sokuFundisa iBanga 11....................................................................................................55

3.5.3 IsiCwangciso sokuFundisa iBanga 12...................................................................................................63

4.2 Ukuhlola okungekho sesikweni okanye kwemihla ngemihla....................................................................73

4.3 Ukuhlola okusesikweni..................................................................................................................................73

4.4 INkqubo yokuHlola.........................................................................................................................................77

4.4.1 Amagqabantshintshi malunga neemfuno...............................................................................................77

4.5 Ukurekhoda nokunika ingxelo......................................................................................................................84

4.6 Uphononongo lokuhlola................................................................................................................................84

4.6.1 Ukuhlola okusesikweni (ukuhlola okwenziwa esikolweni)....................................................................84

4.6.2 Imisebenzi yokuHlola yeOrali ..............................................................................................................84

4.7 Ulwazi Gabalala..............................................................................................................................................86

2 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA

1.3 IiNjongo eziPhangaleleyo zeKharityhulam yoMzantsi Afrika

• Ivulela abafundi amathuba okuya kwimfundo ephakamileyo;

• Inika abaqeshi umfanekiso ocacileyo ngobuchule nolwazi abanalo abafundi.

• Ukuphuculwa kwezentlalo: ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuyalungiswa ukungalingani kwezemfundo okwabangelwa

• Ukufunda ngokubandakanyeka kusetyenziswa ingqiqo: ukukhuthaza indlela yokufundisa efuna abafundi

4 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA

• Amalungelo oluntu, uqukaniso, ukukhathalelwa kokusingqongileyo nobulungisa bezentlalo: ukufakwa

• Nentembeko, umgangatho ophezulu, kunye negalelo elibonakalayo: ukunika imfundo enokuthelekiseka