University of Barishal

Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology

Assignment name: Future career opportunities following the

completion of a Biochemistry and Biotechnology degree.
Course name : Introductory Biochemistry
Course code : Bio-101
Submitted to : Dr. Rehana Parvin
Associate Professor and chairman
Dept. Of Biochemistry & Biotechnology
University Of Barishal
Submitted by : Tanjina Akter
23 BIO 007
2022-23 Session
Dept. of Biochemistry & Biotechnology
University of Barishal

Date Of Submission: 21/01/2024

Future career opportunities following the completion of a
Biochemistry and Biotechnology degree.
❖Introduction:
The intricate dance of life at the molecular level is the common thread connecting the two
intriguing sciences of biochemistry and biotechnology. They investigate the chemical
mechanisms that underlie the fundamental makeup of living things, delving deeply into the
microscopic world.
Biochemistry and biotechnology are fast expanding sciences with numerous applications in
pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, agriculture, and environmental research. By studying
these disciplines, you will obtain significant research, analysis, and problem-solving abilities
that will be useful in a number of vocations.As students complete their biochemistry and
biotechnology degree they have a dynamic and ever expanding job market with numerous
exciting career opportunities.

❖Biochemistry:
The study of biochemistry helps to understand the fundamental components
of life, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. It looks
at how these molecules work together, how they coordinate metabolic
processes, and how these processes eventually translate into the
characteristics of living beings.

Imagine looking inside a cell and seeing the remarkable dance of enzymes
that catalyse reactions, the graceful replication of DNA, and the astounding
intricacy of gene expression.

❖Biotechnology :
Biotechnology is the use of biology to develop new products, methods and
organisms intend to improve human health and society. utilises this
understanding of biochemistry to create useful applications. It's similar to
utilising life as a blueprint to create answers for different problems.
Biotechnology appears to have boundless possibilities, ranging from
manufacturing vaccinations and life-saving medications to developing
sustainable biofuels and biomaterials. Consider bioremediation of
contaminated ecosystems, genetically modified crops to address food
shortages, or even modifying microbes to make useful chemicals.

Figure 2: Biotechnolo
❖ The Relevance of Biochemistry and biotechnology :

Two closely linked sciences that greatly influence our daily lives are biochemistry and
biotechnology. Biotechnology is the application of these scientific discoveries for practical
uses, whereas biochemistry is the study of chemical processes that take place within living
organisms. The ultimate result of biochemical discoveries is biotechnology, which makes it
possible to use the identified biochemical processes for technological purposes or, more
effectively, to use biotechnical methods to watch and analyse in situ.
Biotechnology and biochemistry have a symbiotic relationship. Because biochemistry reveals
the mechanics underlying biochemical processes, technology 1 can then be applied, laying the
groundwork for biotechnology. Technology, once developed, may then make it possible to
make further biological discoveries. Enzyme utilisation in industry, for instance, is a well-
known example of a biochemical process that may be used in biotechnology and may provide
a highly effective and ecologically friendly substitute for conventional chemical synthesis.
Biochemistry and biotechnology are closely related fields. Knowledge of biochemical
processes is necessary before applying them to technology, and once technology is produced,
it may subsequently lead to further discoveries in biochemistry .[1]

Figure 3: The relevance of biochemistry and biotechnology

❖ Uses and applications of biochemistry and biotechnology :

Biochemistry and biotechnology are two closely intertwined fields that play a crucial role in
various aspects of our lives.Here a glimpse into their uses and applications :

• Biochemistry

• Food Science : Biochemists research ways to develop abundant and inexpensive sources of nutritious foods,
determine the chemical composition of foods, develop methods to extract nutrients from waste products, or
invent ways to prolong the shelf life food products.

• Agriculture : Biochemists study the interaction of herbicides with plants. They examine the structure – activity
relationships of compounds, determine their ability to inhibit growth, and evaluate the toxicological effects on
surrounding life.

• Genetic Engineering : Techniques to alter the chemistry of genetic material (DNA and RNA), to introduce
these into host organisms and thus change the phenotype of the host organism. Nucleic acid blotting
techniques (DNA, RNA and protein can be detected by blotting techniques) Nucleic acid blotting is a well–
established technique for locating a genomic region, gene, or other sequence of interest from a complex
mixture of DNA or RNA.

• DNA Sequencing : DNA sequencing is the

process of determining the precise order of
nucleotides within a DNA molecule. It
includes any method or technology that is
used to determine the order of the four
bases– adenine, guanine, cytosine, and
thymine – in a strand of DNA. The advent of
rapid DNA sequencing methods has greatly
accelerated biological and medical research
and discovery. Example : Human genome
project is possible only due to DNA sequencing Figure 4: DNA Sequencing
methods.

• Polymerase Chain reaction : The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a scientific technique in molecular
biology to amplify a single or a few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating
thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.[2]
• Biotechnology :

• Medicine and Healthcare:

The usage of recombinant DNA
technology has given rise to the
production of multiple
treatment methods, vaccines,
and therapeutic drugs. These
drugs are highly effective, can
be mass-produced, and are
safe. They have helped in
treating multiple disease
conditions. These drugs help in
solving the problems of
humankind better.
Biotechnology is also used in
multiple gene therapies. This is
especially useful in the
treatment of genetic disorders.
Early intervention can help in
preventing major disorders.
Several testing technologies also
Figure 5: Medicine and Healthcare
use biotechnology, and ELISA
and PCR are common examples.
• Antibiotic: Biotechnology is also used for antibiotic production. It has helped further the research and
production of several antibiotic drugs and made the treatment of several diseases possible. Antibiotics
are genetically engineered by biotechnology. This is a very cost-effective method and can be mass-
produced. Antibiotics present an important note on biotechnology.
• Plant Breeding : Another gray area that the application ofbiotechnology has explored is selective
breeding. Selective breeding is the practice of introducing desirable traits in a plant. The resulting
offspring has all the added desirable traits. Biotechnology has given rise to plants that are resistant to
disease and are easy to grow, and highly profitable
• Forensic science : Biotechnology plays a significant role in forensic science through DNA
analysis,aiding in criminal i nvestigations. identification of individuals and paternity testing.
 • Industrial Application : Biotechnology is also widely used iiindustries to produce various enzymes,
paper, pulp chemicals, and textiles. It uses microorganisms for cell components like enzymes to
produce food, chemicals, detergents, paper, biofuels, and biogas. It is efficient and takes care of the
environmental impact of industries. This is a basic biotechnology product application.Another great
example of industrial biotechnology is the development of biocatalysts. Another example of the
application of biotech is the fermentation that is carried out in the industry.
• Biodefense : Biotechnology is crucial in the development of vaccinesfor preparedness against
potential bioterrorism threats. [3]

❖Career paths in Biochemistry and Biotechnology :

Biochemistry and biotechnology are dynamic fields with a wide range of career paths, offering opportunities
for individuals interested in research, development, and application of biological and biochemical processes.
Here are some common career paths in biochemistry and biotechnology :

• Biochemist : Conducts research on the chemical processes and chemical transformations that occur
within living organisms. They are employed in a variety of industries, including environmental research,
agriculture, and medicine.
• Biomedical Engineer :A biomedical engineer creates and develops software, hardware, and equipment
for use in medicine. They labour in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, research, and
medical.
• Biotechnologist : A biotechnologist is someone who creates and enhances biological systems-based
goods and processes. They operate in a variety of industries, including food science, medicine, and
agriculture.
• Chemical Technician: Works with chemists and chemical engineers by doing tests and experiments in
the lab. They are employed in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, research, and
pharmaceuticals.
• Cosmetic Sceintist : A cosmetic scientist creates and evaluates skincare, haircare, and makeup
products. They operate in a variety of industries, including research, personal care, and cosmetics.
• Pharmaceutical Sales Representative: Offers medical professionals pharmaceutical products for sale.
They are employed in a variety of sectors, including sales, healthcare, and pharmaceuticals.
• Science Writer : Writes about scientific topics for various audiences. They work in various fields such
as journalism, publishing, and research.
• Forensic scientist: Forensic scientists use their knowledge of biochemistry and biotechnology to
analyze evidence from crime scenes. They can help identify suspects, victims, and the cause of death.
• Bioinformatics Specialist: Analyzing and interpreting biological data using computational
tools.Involves skills in programming, statistics, and data analysis.
• Pharmacologist : Pharmacologists study the effects of drugs on the body. They develop new drugs and
treatments, and they monitor the safety and efficacy of existing drugs.[4]
❖Research and Development :

Research and development in biochemistry

and biotechnology are rapidly advancing
fields with the potential to revolutionize
many aspects of human life. Numerous
innovations in the fields of industry,
agriculture, and medicine have resulted from
biochemistry and biotechnology research. To
enhance crop yields and decrease the usage
of pesticides, biotechnology, for instance, has
made it possible to produce genetically
engineered crops that are resistant to
illnesses and pests. New medications and
therapies for a variety of illnesses, including
cancer and Alzheimer's disease, have been
developed in large part Furthermore,
innovative medical gadgets and diagnostic
techniques that have enhanced patient
outcomes and quality of life have been made Figure 6: Research and Development
possible by biotechnology. Moreover,
biochemistry has aided in the creation of novel compounds and materials utilised in a variety of sectors,
including textiles, plastics, and energy. All things considered, the world has benefited greatly from and will
continue to benefit greatly from biochemistry and biotechnology research and development.

❖Industry and Manufacturing :

• Pharmaceutical Industry : Develop new drugs, treatments, and diagnostic tools by researching
cellular and molecular processes. Roles include research scientist, medicinal chemist, or biochemist.
• Food and Beverage Industry : Design new food products, optimize fermentation processes, or
develop food safety protocols. Roles include food scientist, fermentation technologist, or quality
control specialist.
• Biotechnology Manufacturing : Operate and manage production processes for biopharmaceutical
products, vaccines, or biofuels. Roles include process development scientist, quality control analyst, or
production supervisor
• Environmental Manufacturing :. Design and implement solutions for environmental cleanup,
waste management, or bioremediation using living organisms. Roles include environmental engineer,
bioremediation specialist, or environmental consultant.

❖Skill acquired and Their real-world application :

• Laboratory Techniques : Students enrolled in biochemistry and biotechnology programmes gain

practical laboratory skills in chromatography, spectroscopy, and molecular biology. Precise
experimentation is crucial in research and development professions, and these talents are immediately
applicable there.
• Analytical and Critical Thinking : One important skill gained during a biochemistry and
biotechnology education is the capacity to critically analyse complex data, think critically, and
reach meaningful conclusions. Research, problem-solving, and decision-making are critical
abilities for a variety of employment pathways.
• Effective Communication : When presenting information to audiences who are both scientific and
non-scientific, working with interdisciplinary teams, and communicating research findings, effective
communication is essential. Graduates with communication abilities can work in public outreach,
teaching, and reporting capacities.
• Overseeing Project : Project management is a common skill in the biochemistry and
biotechnology industries, whether it be in product development, clinical trial supervision, or
research project management. The project management and organisational abilities
graduates possess are essential for success in these Positions.
• Flexibility : Professionals in biochemistry and biotechnology must be flexible enough to adjust to new
methods, technologies, and scientific findings due to the field's dynamic nature. Graduates who are
open to change are good fits for positions in fields that are always changing.

❖Challenges and Opportunities in the Biochemistry and

Biotechnology Job Market :

The biochemistry and biotechnology job market presents both challenges and opportunities ,
reflecting the dynamic and rapidly evolving nature of these fields.Here are some key aspect to
consider.
▪ Challenges:

• Quick Technological Advancement : Keeping up with the most recent developments might
be difficult for professionals due to the biochemistry and biotechnology fields' quick
technological growth. Continual education and keeping abreast of new methods are essential.
• Regulatory Environment : Strict regulatory frameworks apply to the biochemistry and
biotechnology sectors. It can be difficult for businesses and people to navigate the many
regulatory requirements and ensure compliance.
• Global Economic Factors: The state of the economy can have an impact on the amount of
money allocated to biotech research and development. Uncertainties or economic downturns
may affect research funding and employment prospect .

▪ Opportunities :

• Multidisciplinary Corporation : It is becoming more typical for biochemists,

biotechnologists, computer scientists, and engineers to work together. Professionals can work
on various projects and contribute to a wide range of applications thanks to this interdisciplinary
approach.
• Growth of the Biopharmaceutical Sector : The biopharmaceutical sector is still growing, and
this includes the creation of gene treatments and biologics. Professionals involved in
medication development, production, and discovery now have more options because to this
expansion.
• Entrepreneurship : There is a lot of room for growth in the biochemistry and biotechnology
industries. Those with creative ideas could be able to launch their own businesses, particularly
in biotech startups, diagnostics, and medical devices.
 Figure: 7 Entrepreneurship

❖Conclusion :
Having a degree in biochemistry or biotechnology gives you access to a wide range of rewarding and
influential employment options. Graduates can shape the future of science and technology and
contribute to solving global concerns in the fields of medicine, agriculture, industry, and the
environment. It's an exciting time for those starting their careers in biochemistry and biotechnology
because of the interdisciplinary nature of these subjects, which lays the groundwork for flexible
employment. The dynamic nature of the biochemistry and biotechnology sector ensures that
professionals in this field will continue to be in high demand as they shape the future of scientific and
technological innovation.
Reference :
1. https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/The-Use-of-Biochemistry-within-
Biotechnology.aspx
2. https://www.simply.science/images/content/biology/biochemistry/introduction/conceptmap/A
pplications.html
3. https://www.inspiritvr.com/biotechnology-and-its-applications-study-guide/
4. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/careers-in-biochemistry
5. Biotechnology Applications. https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-biology-flexbook-
2.0/section/3.14/primary/lesson/biotechnology-applications-bio/ Accessed
6. Mojsov, Kiro. "New and future developments in microbial biotechnology and
bioengineering." (2017): 215-222.
7. Gross, Stefan, and Christal D. Sohl. "Readying students for careers in industry: A guided
inquiry activity to prepare students for success in biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry
positions." Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education 49.3 (2021): 407415. 10.