International Organization 1

International
Organization
related to
Environment
Conservation
VIRONIKA
@vironika_om
(@vironika_om)
t.me/vironika_om
@vironikaom
[email protected]
Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change
(IPCC)
• Headquarter: Geneva, Switzerland
• The IPCC is the United Nations body for assessing the science related
to climate change. The IPCC was set up in 1988 by the World
Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and the UN Environment
Programme (UNEP).
• Its main activity is to prepare Assessment Reports, special reports,
and methodology reports assessing the state of knowledge of climate
change.
• However, the IPCC does not itself engage in scientific research.
Instead, it asks scientists from around the world to go through all the
relevant scientific literature related to climate change and draw up
the logical conclusions.
Key Functions
• The IPCC produces reports that support the United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
• IPCC reports cover all relevant information to understand the risk of
human-induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for
adaptation and mitigation.
• The IPCC does not carry out its own original research.
• Thousands of scientists and other experts contribute on a voluntary
basis.
• The 2007 Nobel Peace Prize was shared, in two equal parts, between
the IPCC and an American Environmentalist.
• The IPCC receives funding through the IPCC Trust Fund,
established in 1989 by the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological
Organization (WMO).
Assessment Reports
• The IPCC’s Assessment Reports (ARs), which are produced

every few years, are the most comprehensive and widely
accepted scientific evaluations of the state of the Earth’s
climate.
• They form the basis for government policies to tackle
climate change, and provide the scientific foundation for the
international climate change negotiations.
• Six Assessment Reports have been published so far.
Special Reports
• Special Reports have been prepared on topics such as

aviation, regional impacts of climate change, technology
transfer, emissions scenarios, land use, land use change and
forestry, carbon dioxide capture and storage and on the
relationship between safeguarding the ozone layer and the
global climate system.
Global Environment
Facility (GEF)
• The Global Environment Facility was established in October 1991 as a
pilot program with the World Bank to assist in the protection of the
global environment and to promote environmental sustainability
development.
• It was restructured and become a permanent, separate institution in
1992 during the Rio Earth Summit with objectives to help tackle our
planet’s most pressing environmental problems.
• It has well-structured governing bodies which are organized around an
Assembly, the Council, the Secretariat, 18 Agencies, a Scientific and
Technical Advisory Panel (STAP) and the Evaluation Office.
• It is independently operated as a financial organization that provides
grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate change,
international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer, persistent
organic pollutants (POPs), mercury, sustainable forest management,
food security, sustainable cities.
• GEF also serves as a financial mechanism for the following
conventions:
1. United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD)
2. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
3. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
4. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
5. Minamata Convention on Mercury
India and Global Environmental Facility (GEF)
• India is one of developing country in the world that has been a participant
of GEF since its inception in 1991.
• It has played a major role in shaping GEF. India is both donor and recipient
of GEF.
• The political focal point for GEF in India is the Finance Ministry while the
operational focal point is the Environment Ministry.
• India, Bhutan, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bangladesh have together
formed a Permanent Constituency in the Executive Council of the GEF.
• India receives funding from the GEF for work in three major areas namely,
biodiversity, climate change, and land degradation.
The International Union for
Conservation of Nature
(IUCN)
• The IUCN is a global union composed of both government as well as
civil society organisations. With more than 1400 organisations as its
members, the IUCN is an international authority on the status of the
natural world.
• IUCN is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental
organisation.
• IUCN was established in 1948 in the French town of Fontainebleau.
• Its aim was to encourage international cooperation and provide
scientific knowledge and tools to guide conservation action.
• During the first decade of its establishment, IUCN’s primary focus
was to examine the impact of human activities on nature.
• It established the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 1964.
• It also played a huge role in the formation of major international
conventions such as the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, the
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, the
World Heritage Convention and the Convention on Biological
Diversity.
• In 1980, partnering with the UNEP and the World Wildlife Fund
(WWF), the IUCN published the World Conservation Strategy, a
document which helped define the concept of ‘sustainable
development’ and shaped the global conservation and sustainable
development agenda.
• In 1992, in light of the growing environmental concerns, the United
Nations granted official observer status to the IUCN.
• Currently, the IUCN is the biggest and most diverse environmental
network.
• Priority Areas of IUCN:
1. Biodiversity
2. Climate Change
3. Sustainable Energy India is a member of the IUCN. It
4. Human well-being became a member in 1969, through
5. Green Economy the Ministry of Environment, Forest
and Climate Change.
How it works?
• The IUCN convenes the IUCN World Conservation Congress every four years.
 The Congress brings together its various members, who vote on
recommendations and set the agenda for the global conservation
efforts.
• The chief governing body of the IUCN is the IUCN Council, that guides the
organisation in between the Congress sessions.
 The members elect Commission Chairs who serve for a four-year term.
• The IUCN’s Secretariat is in Gland, Switzerland.
 The Secretariat is headed by a Director-General.
 The IUCN has 8 regional offices and other offices in over 50 countries.
IUCN Publication
• The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species assesses risk of species

extinction
• The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems assesses risk of ecosystem collapse
• The IUCN World Heritage Outlook assesses World Heritage sitesover
time
• The World Database of Key Biodiversity Areas assesses sites important
for biodiversity
• Protected Planet assesses protected areas
• ECOLEX provides a gateway to environmental law
• PANORAMA

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International

• The IPCC produces reports that support the United Nations

• The IPCC’s Assessment Reports (ARs), which are produced

• Special Reports have been prepared on topics such as

• The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species assesses risk of species

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