Music and Dance Genre

Music and Dance Genre

Bullet Point List.
● The Six Major Periods of the Development Music:
● The Philippine Traditional Indigenous Music
● Original Pinoy Music (OPM)
● Movement in Music
● Dance
 Six Major Periods
of the
Development Music
 Medieval Period
1. Medieval Period (450-1400) -
• Medieval Period is also known as the Middle Ages or the Dark Ages
• The starting point of music history documentation through the presence of the printing
press.
• In the beginning, sacred music was developed dealing with religious themes. However,
traveling musicians performed secular music that focused on heroic deeds and love.
• Traveling Musicians are known as Troubadours (from Southern Europe) and Trouveres
(from France). Majority of the famous personalities and composers were men.
The common terminologies used in this period:
• The Gregorian Chant was founded by Pope Gregory the great; usually in monophony and
unaccompanied.
• Polyphony; where more than 1 note was played at the same time that included harmony,
counterpoint and chords.
• Lastly, rhythmic modes; which later on became known as intervals (the gap or distance from
one note to the other)
 Medieval Period

● Medieval Music are characterized by the following:

1. Simple tunes

2. Chant Music

3. Passing of music through word of mouth

4. Beginning to use of formal notation

5. Beginning and flourishing of music theories

6. Beginning and development of Music Instruments

Medieval Period
 Medieval Period
● Musical Instruments During the Medieval Period
Wind Instruments:
1. Wind Instruments:
a) Flute - Transverse woodwind instrument
b) Trumpet - Extremely limited range of notes; played and used to send orders during the battles.
 Medieval Period
2. String Instruments:
a) Lute - Large pear-shaped body with gut strings
b) Fiddle - which turned to violin during the 1500
c) Gittern - ancestor of guitar; plucked with a quill; and strings are made of gut.
 Medieval Period
3. Percussion Instruments:
a) Dulcimer - plucked by striking the strings with small hammers.
b) Tambourine - resembling a shallow drum with small metal disks around the edge.
c) Drums - barrel-shaped instruments being struck with the sticks or hands.
 Medieval Period

● Famous Personalities and Composers

1. Pope Gregory the Great - The founder of the Great Gregorian
Chant.
2. Guillaume de Machaut - The founder of secular music; the
traveling Musician that inspired Geoffrey Chaucer (a highly
respected figure in the Medieval era) .
3. Hildegard of Bingen - German nun, herbalist and composer
produced 69 musical compositions.
 Medieval Period

● Famous Personalities and Composers

 Medieval Period

● Musical Genre during the Medieval Period

1. Religious Music
• Known as sacred music;
• The lyrics of the songs depict praise and worship themes
• Used in masses and other church celebrations.
• Paved the way to Gospel Music
2. Gospel Music
• intended for praise and worship within the context of religious
engagement in the Christian Church.
 Renaissance
2. Renaissance (1400-1600)

• The revival of cultures from Greece and Rome ushered the reawakening of the arts known
as renaissance or rebirth.
• During the renaissance, music underwent development.
1. Through the improvement of the printing press, music began to circulate all over
Europe.
2. Women were accepted to be with men in the musical scene.
3. Polyphonic type of music began.
4. Aristocrats and rich people could afford to hire musicians for celebrations and
events.
5. Secular music became widespread as it was commercially recognized.
6. Instrumental music gained its appeal to many compared to vocal music.
7. Vocal music still existed.
 Renaissance
2. Renaissance (1400-1600)
 Renaissance
• Religious and Gospel music from the Medieval period remained a popular
genre during this time
• Sacred music began to adopt secular form in their designs like the Italian
madrigals.
• Other common sacred genres in the period were the mass, the motet, the
madrigal spiritual and the laude
• Laude is a plural form of laudi, a hymn of praise in honor of the Blessed
Virgin Mary, Christ and the saints.
• Motet, taken from a French word mot, is a vocal polyphonic musical
composition.
• The Spiritual madrigal is another polyphonic composition using sacred
texts, which became popular in Italy and in Germany during the
Renaissance period.
 Renaissance
❖ During this period;
➢ Polyphony in music gained its popularity
➢ Determination of the usage of intervals in thirds was emphasized
➢ Chords were developed specifically, the aspects of major and minor.
➢ Word painting and gentle flowing of the melody were used.
➢ The following terminologies were commonly used:
1. Harmony - 2 or more notes being played at the same time;
2. Triad - 3 notes being played at the same time and its intervals is in thirds;
3. Major triad - happy tune is produced;
4. Minor triad-sad tune is produced;
5. Word Painting - a musical representation of specific poetic images;
6. Renaissance Motet - a polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin text other than the
ordinary of the mass;
7. Renaissance Mass - a polyphonic choral composition made of 5 sections: Kyrie, Gloria,
Credo, Sanctus and Agnus Dei
8. Renaissance Madrigal - secular vocal songs wherein the music is set to poems in various
languages like Italian, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and English.
 Renaissance
● The musical instruments during the Renaissance
1. Recorder - similar to flute (vertical flute)
2. Shawn - it is an early clarinet
3. Sackbut - it is the early trombone
4. Lute - plucked stringed instrument.
5. Organ - a keyboard instrument using multiple layered set of keys as well as dampers
6. Harpsichord - similar to piano but a smaller version wherein the white keys of the piano are
colored black in harpsichord and the black keys of the piano are colored white in harpsichord.
Renaissance
 Renaissance
● Famous composers from the Renaissance period:
1. Josquin des Prez - a Flemish composer from Hainaut (now a part of Belgium) founder of
renaissance motet, contemporary of da Vinci and Columbus and his famous work is Ave
Maria... Virgo Serena (1475);
 Renaissance
● Famous composers from the Renaissance period:
2. Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina - founder of renaissance mass, devoted himself to music for
the Catholic church and his famous work is Pope Marcellus Mass(1552-1553);
 Renaissance
● Famous composers from the Renaissance period:
3. Thomas Weelkes- one of the finest English madrigals, an organist and church composer and
his famous work is As Vesta Was Descending(1601) in honor of Queen Elizabeth.
 Baroque
3. Baroque (1600-1750)
• Known in history as the "Age of Absolutism”.
• The word Baroque means bizarre
• It is when monarchs accumulated wealth, controlled the power of the state and built
empires.
• Monarchs commissioned artists to embellish their palaces with gorgeous art
masterpieces and organized musical orchestra in very important occasions
• Art during this period is described as flamboyant and elaborately ornamented.
• There was popularity and recognition of the vocal and instrumental music during this
period. Group performances in music were also popular in this period
• Baroque music is known for the use of the harpsichord and the violin family of
instrumentation.as a dominant musical instrument.
• Baroque music is known for the use of the harpsichord and the violin family of
instrumentation as a dominant musical instrument.
Baroque
 Baroque
The Musical Genre during the Baroque Period
• Orchestra - It consisted of a large group of musicians who played together on various instruments
usually with the complete set of string, wind and percussion section of instrumentations.
Baroque music is unique based on these characteristics:
1. Unity of mood. What begins joyfully will remain all throughout, and emotions and affections are present
during the performance of a baroque piece.
2. Rhythm. Rhythmic patterns are heard at the beginning of a piece and are repeated throughout the end of
the piece.
3. Melody. Like in rhythm, the opening melody of the Baroque music will be heard again and again during the
entire duration of the presentation.
4. Dynamics. There is the presence of terraced dynamics, which are defined within the terminologies of the
song.
5. Texture. Baroque music is predominantly polyphonic in texture that is two or more melodic lines compete
for the listener's attention.
6. Chords and Basso Continuo. Chords are dominantly a part of baroque composition in which a chord can
be played together or one note after the other.
7. Words and music. These often emphasized words by writing rapid notes for a single syllable of a text in
Baroque music.
Baroque
 Baroque
● Music Terminologies
1. Basso Continuo - otherwise known as figured bass and usually done in an accompaniment
manner.
2. Baroque Orchestra - a combination of different musical instruments being played at the same
time
3. Movement - a piece that sounds fairly complete and independent but is part of a larger
composition
4. Concerto Grosso and Ritornello Form - concerto grosso means a small group of soloists is
pitted against a large group of players called the tutti (all) while in the ritornello form, the tutti
opens a theme called ritornello or refrain
5. Fugue - a polyphonic composition based on one main theme call the subject
6. Opera - a drama that is sung to orchestral accompaniment
7. Sonata - a composition in several movements for one to eight instruments
8. Suite - a composition that is based on a dance-inspired movement
9. Cantata - a piece that was sung
10. Oratorio - is a large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists and orchestra
Baroque
 Baroque
● Musical Instruments during the Baroque Period
1. Harpsichord - defined in renaissance period
2. Violin - the soprano voice of the violin family of
instrumentation that usually has a set of four strings with f-
holes and scroll and played with a bow
3. Viola - the alto voice of the violin family and a bit larger than
the violin
4. Cello - the player will always be in a seated manner and the
tenor voice of the violin family of instrumentation.
5. Double bass - the biggest of the violin family of
instrumentation and is the bass voice of the group.
 Baroque

● Among the five musical instruments, the most popular instruments in the Baroque period were the
harpsichord and the violin.
 Baroque
● Famous Baroque Composers
1. Johann Sebastian Bach
• Though recognized as the most eminent organist, harpsichordist,
improviser and master of the fugue, Bach was by no means considered the
greatest composer of his time; his music was largely forgotten and
remained unpublished for years after his death and his notable work –
Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major, until his successors recognized
its importance.
 Baroque
● Famous Baroque Composers
2. George Frideric Handel
• His triple career as impresario, composer and performer brought him to
success and fame and his famous work is Messiah (1741).
 Baroque
● Famous Baroque Composers
3. Antonio Vivaldi
• He was known as the “Red Priest,” violin teacher, composer, conductor,
and his popular work - Concerto for Violin and String Orchestra, Op. 8 No. 1
from The Four Seasons (1725)
 Classical
4. Classical (1750-1820)
• The most influential period of all times in the history of music.
• Majority of the musical performances were produced in instrumental aspects
• The piano was known as the dominant musical instrument of this period
• The focus of music during this period was on secular music.
• Musicians were considered professionals like Haydn who was then the teacher of Mozart; and
Mozart was then the teacher of Beethoven.
 Classical

Musical Genre during the Classical Period

• Classical Music as a genre implies balance and utilizes a complete set of
sections of symphonic instruments since then up to now.
• The orchestra during the Baroque period was still popular during the
Classical Period
• Musical genres during the Medieval, Renaissance and the Baroque periods
were also popular during the Classical Period.
• This shows the evolutionary development of music that suits the
satisfaction and taste of the musical public.
 Classical
Famous musical genres during the Classical Period
1. Opera - a combination of vocal, orchestral music with visual arts and drama to primarily
inspire people.
2. Chamber music - composed of small ensemble of instrumentalists intended for a hall
presentation or chamber
3. Choral - a polyphonic conservative music that started in the Baroque period that is
popularized in the Classical period with a degree of formalism
4. Classical Crossover - a recording of popular music by classically trained musicians or the
collaboration between classical and popular artists.
5. High Classical - focused on the high regard for a very classical music of the period like the
support of the opera, the sonata, the trio, the quartet, and the concerto
6. Impressionistic - refers to the emotionally inspired and static harmony and melodies that
lacked a directed motion
7. Minimalism - the use of minimal materials and repetitive patterns in music
Classical
 Classical
Characteristics of music during the classical period
1. Sonata Form - consists of exposition, development, recapitulation and coda
2. Theme and Variations - consists of a main theme with a variety of rhythmic patterns in which
the distinctive main theme can still be recognized
3. Classical Symphony - an extended, ambitious composition usually lasting for 20 to 40 minutes
which includes:
• a vigorous, fast dramatic movement,
• a lyrical slow movement,
• a dance-like movement
• brilliant or heroic fast movement
4. Classical Concerto - a three-movement work (fast, slow and fast) for an instrumental soloist
and orchestra
5. Classical Chamber Music - designed for an intimate setting of a room(chamber) in a home or
palace that usually involves two - nine players only and consists of fast, slow, dance-like and
fast movements
 Classical
The Musical Instruments
● The Classical period utilized the complete set of string instruments - harp(it has 47 strings
stretched on a triangular frame), violin, viola, cello and double bass(previously discussed in
baroque period from the violin to double bass).
 Classical
The Musical Instruments
1. The complete set of string instruments
2. Woodwind and Brass Section
Woodwind Section Brass Section
Piccolo - the smallest of the family, half the Trumpet - the smallest of the family and has
size of the flute and plays a higher octave of a brilliant, brassy and penetrating tone
the flute French Horn - less brassy, more mellow and
Flute - has a high range and extremely agile more rounded than a trumpet
and capable of producing a rapid Trombone - has the combination of the
succession of tones brilliant sound of a trumpet with the
Clarinet - produces tones very rapidly and mellowness of the French horn
has a wide range of dynamics and color Tuba - The thick heavy tone of tuba is used
Oboe - has a nasal, intense and expressive to add weight to the lowest register of an
tone orchestra or brand
English Horn - produces low tones and
considered as alto oboe
Bassoon - deeply nasal and the largest of
the woodwind family
 Classical
The Musical Instruments
1. The complete set of string instruments
2. Woodwind and Brass Section
Woodwind Section Brass Section
 Classical
3. The complete set of percussion instruments
• Timpani - also known as kettledrums, and the only orchestral drums with definite pitch,
• Glockenspiel - also known as orchestral bells and strike with two specialized hammers to
produce the bright and silvery tones,
• Xylophone - consists of a set of wooden bars that are struck with two hard hammers to
produce a dry and wooden tones,
• Bass drum - the largest of the orchestral drums and is almost 3ft. in diameter,
• Snare drum - produced by the vibration of snare strings that can be found at the bottom
head of the instrument,
• Cymbals - are round brass plates,
• Chimes - a set of metal tubes hung on a frame,·
• Tambourine
• Triangle - struck with a metal beater and produces a tinkling bell-like sound
• Piano - it has a set of strings where there are specialized hammers to strike the strings in
order to produce sounds).
Classical
 Classical
The Famous Composers in the Classical Period
1. Joseph Haydn. He was the pathfinder of the classical music, a pioneer in the
development of symphony and string quartet, and known for his piece entitled
“Trumpet Concerto in E Flat Major”(1796).
 Classical
The Famous Composers in the Classical Period
2. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. He was the most versatile of all the composers, he
wrote masterpieces in all the musical forms of his time and his famous work through the
years is entitled “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star.”
 Classical
The Famous Composers in the Classical Period
3. Ludwig van Beethoven. He opened the realms of music expression that profoundly
influenced composers throughout the 19th century and his famous piece is entitled
"Symphony No.5”(1808).
 Romantic
5. Romantic (1820-1900)
• This period is filled with romanticism in art specifically for music. The
romantic composers' preference for expressive, songlike melody that
blossomed from that of the classical era.
• Romantic composition tends to have greater range in tone color,
dynamics and melody. Romantic harmonic terminologies became broader
with much emphasis-in terms of colorful and unstable chords
• Some of the musical genres of the Classical periods remained to flourish
in the Romantic Period.
• It uses the same set up of musical instruments used in the Classical
Period.
Romantic
 Romantic
Characteristics of music during the classical period
1. Individuality of Style-Every composer has its own uniqueness and trade mark.
2. Expressive Subjects-The melodic line has a very catchy tune.
3. Nationalism - Creating music promotes national identity, using folk songs, dances,
legends, history of their homelands and loving one's country or heritage.
4. Exoticism- It is a composition where music draws inspiration from foreign influences.
5. Chromatic Harmony - This is the usage of chords not found within a major or minor
scale.
6. Expressive Range of Dynamics, Pitch, and Tempo - This is the wide-array of dynamics
from very low to highest register of tones, and gradual or sudden change of time
signature used.
 Romantic
Terminologies
1. Art Song- It is a composition for solo voice and piano.
2. Strophic Form - It is the repetition of the same music for every stanza
of a poem.
3. Through-Composed Form - It is the writing of new music for every
stanza.
4. Program Music - It is the instrumental music associated with a story,
poem, idea scene, or event.
5. Piano Instrumental Repertoire - It is the instrumental composition
designed for piano.
 Romantic
Famous Composers
1. Johannes Brahms - composed several compositions in all forms except opera,
known to fulfill the predictions of Robert Schumann that he will be the most
influential composer during his time and his famous work- Symphony No, 3 in F
Major, Op. 90 (1883).
 Romantic
Famous Composers
2. Frederic Chopin - known as the only composer who has very huge hands, had a
hand casted; his compositions were concentrated only to piano solos and his popular
work, Fantaisie Impromptu (1834).
 Romantic
Famous Composers
3. Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky - fused the national and international elements and
influences to create his music with intensive and passionate compositions; his notable
work - The Nutcracker (1892).
 20th century and Beyond
6. 20th century and Beyond (1900-present)
• There is not much change in music in the 20th Century compared to the
present.
• The music during this period is described as an adventure. Composers
create compositions that are not influenced by the past music.
• Since the 50s up to the present, each decade represents-a trademark of
music. There are no strict rules in making music as long as the masses can
relate and appreciate its genres.
• At present, the composers are no longer known and given much attention.
Instead, the artists who popularize their music are given much attention.
• Full sections of symphony orchestral instrumentation are no longer
practiced. Digital music is growing dominantly in this period.
20th century and Beyond
 20th century and Beyond
Characteristics
1. Consonance - These are the use of stable chords.
2. Dissonance - It is no longer tied down to its former function but has
become an entity itself and the chords are unstable.
3. New Chords - The 7ths, 9ths, 11ths, 13ths, and other forms of intervals
like the fourths.
4. Compound Meters - It's a combination of 2-time signatures and
creating a new set of meters used in compositions.
5. Changing of clefs and meters from time to time.
6. Simple tunes yet unpredictable or catchy tunes, which are easily
remembered.
 20th century and Beyond
Musical Instruments
1. Saxophone - a member of a brass family of instrument with a single
reed mouthpiece, used especially in jazz and dance music
2. Electric guitar - a guitar with a built-in pickup or pickups which convert
string vibrations into electrical signals for amplification
3. Synthesizer- is an electronic musical instrument that generates audio
signals
4. Digital generated sounds - any composition that involves the usage of
a computer in recording format that includes the sounds of musical
instruments as well as sound effects
20th century and Beyond
 20th century and Beyond
Famous Composers and Personalities
1. Claude Debussy - won the Prix de Rome, a piano teacher, and his
famous work - Claire de Lune (composed 1890-published 1905)
 20th century and Beyond
Famous Composers and Personalities
2. Leonard Bernstein - conductor, pianist, author, lecturer, composer of
orchestral works and his notable work - West Side Story (1957)
 20th century and Beyond
Famous Composers and Personalities
3. The Beatles - the most famous English band of the 60s and
popularized the hit song - Hey Jude
 20th century and Beyond
Famous Composers and Personalities
4. Michael Jackson - the most internationally known artist of all time,
multi talented singer and dancer. His one of the greatest hits - Billie Jean
 20th century and Beyond

Musical Genre during this Period

• There are more than 30 musical genres in 20th Century

music for the purpose of entertainment and satisfaction

of the music public. Based on the survey, these are
categorized into sustaining genres and the dying genre in
terms of popularity; soft music and hard music in terms
of its elements. The sustaining genres remain sustainable
up to the 21“ Century music; while the zenith of musical
genres ended in the 20th Century and were superseded
by other genres.
 20th century and Beyond
Dying to Dead Musical Genres:
1. Soft Music
- Soft Music is gentle, which is pleasing to the ears to listen to, smooth and relaxing. Jazz
is categorized by a syncopated rhythm, a steady beat, and unique tone colors as well as
the presence of performance technique
Musical theater is a type of theater that fuses script, acting, and spoken dialogue with
music, singing and dancing and with scenery, costumes, and any form of spectacle.
▪ Folk music is a type of music that involves the daily activities of a local folk or
individual.
▪ Swing Music, developed in the United States of America in the 30s and 40s, involves
the jazz element with dance-like beat
▪ Musical theater is a type of theater that fuses script, acting, and spoken dialogue with
music, singing and dancing and with scenery, costumes, and any form of spectacle.
▪ Country Music is a composition of music that is intended for acoustic guitar and
vocals which concentrates on "cowboy country-side" inspiration
▪ BlueGrass Music has elements of country and Western styles that often uses
acoustic string instruments like the guitar, banjo, etc.
 20th century and Beyond

2. Hard Music
In contrast with the soft music, hard music is harsh and loud.
• Rock is a vocal music with a hard, driving beat, often featuring electric guitar
accompaniment with heavily amplified sound.
• Hard Rock is a subgenre of rock music typically with heavy aggressive vocals,
distorted electric guitars, keyboard and drums.
• Progressive Rock is a style of rock that began in the 1970s which is characterized by
classical influences that uses the keyboard and electric guitar instrumentations all
throughout the composition.
• Heavy Metal is a hardcore sound in which its vocal aspect is like shouting (growling)
with heavy drums and amplified sounds.
• Death Metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that constitutes a complex style
of hammy and melody of its composition as well as unpredictable time signature.
20th century and Beyond
 20th century and Beyond
20th Century Musical Genres Keeps Ringing in the 21st Century
• The disappearance of these musical genres was gradual until the music public and the
music industry adapted the latest genres appropriate for the 21st Century. Their
satisfaction for the 20th Century musical genres was sustained until the 21st Century
era.
 20th century and Beyond
1. Soft Music
• Rhythms and Blues (R&Bs) - showcases primarily the vocal expertise of a
singer that constitutes most of the time “the runs” passages of the melodic
lines.
• Pop Music refers to any kind of popular current trend of tune appealing to the
many usually using digital generated sounds or authentic musical
instruments or combination of both.
• Reggae is a style of pop music that has a strong accented beat originally
from Jamaica.
• K-Pop Music is a popular music composed and performed by Korean artists
that is usually with the presence of digital generated sounds with dance-like
catchy tunes.
• New Weave is the end result of combining different sub-genres of pop
music.
• Soul Music started typically with African-American influences which
concentrates on the elements of R&B and religious music.
20th century and Beyond
 20th century and Beyond
2. Electronic music
A music composition that concentrates on the usage of purely digital generated sound
accompaniment.
• House music is a dance-like beat composition that deals with the usage of digital generated
sounds which has a mixing aspect meant for relaxation.
• Instrumental music is soft music for relaxation that requires no lyrics, purely with the use of
authentic musical instrument like a piano.
• Ambient music is a style of genre that focuses on electronic instrumental music with no
persistent beat, used to create or enhance a mood or atmosphere of a place like hotel lobbies.
• Trance music is a British new age of music that uses typically a fast rhythm in between 120-160
beats per minute (BPM) which has a more melodious tune than the house and electronic music
with dance-like aspect.
• Jazz Fusion - Jazz is a dominant contribution of the Americans in the field of music mixed with
other genres that produce another music flavor.
• Official soundtrack is a theme song used for movies and telenovelas.
• Independent music is a recorded and published music that is not under any recording company
which usually has a pop element.
• Ska is a kind of music that uses brass instruments namely - trumpet, trombone, and saxophone
with a show band set of instructions which is usually in a faster beat than reggae.
20th century and Beyond
 20th century and Beyond
3. Hard Music
• Punk Rock is a subgenre of rock in which trash words and/or vulgar terms are
used for the lyrics to express oneself with major utilization of electric
guitars.
• Pop Rock is a subgenre of rock that has a mix of catchy popular style of light
lyrics typically with electric guitar-based aspect.
• Disco is a composition of music that has a dance-like rhythm.
• Alternative Rock music refers to a subgenre of rock that is distinctive
underground mainstream music which started in the 70s and popularized in
the 80s.
• Rap music is a style of popular music, developed by disc jockeys and urban
blacks in the late 1970s in which an instant, recurring beat pattern provides
the background and counterpoint for rapped, slangy, and often boastful
rhyming words by a vocalist.
• Grunge is a kind of rock that is considered hybrid in nature which constitutes
the elements of punk and metal.
20th century and Beyond
 The Philippine Traditional Indigenous Music
• Word of mouth is the medium used to pass on the legacy of every tribe from one generation to
another generation.
• Chanting is plainly a part of this tradition.
• The influence of our neighboring countries of Southeast Asia is seen in the similarities of the
musical taste as well as in the usage of the traditional indigenous musical instruments.

Even though there are similarities, our ancestors made our music and musical instruments
distinct from our Asian neighbors.

➢ Every region in the country contributes a unique musical piece that we claim our own music.
➢ This unique and creative tribal music is accompanied with tribal musical instruments.
➢ Every occasion in the tribe is celebrated with corresponding music.
➢ Lullaby and songs for courtship, bravery, birthday and wedding remain peculiar in every tribal
community. Every tribal song varies from one tribal community to another in title and in
purpose.
 The Philippine Traditional Indigenous Music
● In terms of musical instruments, there are three classifications. These are idiophones or
chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments) and membranophones
(percussion instruments).
 Original Pinoy Music (OPM)
This Unit talks about the origin of our own music - the Original Pilipino Music or otherwise popularly
known as Original Pinoy Music (OPM). We begin with the brief history and touch the current
scenario of the OPM today
Brief History
• When Western colonizers influenced the Filipinos in terms of culture and tradition, music was
not an exception. In the beginning, no evidence can be traced because music was just handed
by word of mouth.
• In the 1920s, names of Atang Dela Rama, Jovita Fuentes, Sylvia La Torre and Ruben Tagalog
showcased the beginning of Filipino music through the harana (serenade) and kundiman (ballad)
performances.
• The dominance of American influence captured the heart of the masses due to their Rock and
Roll musical genre.
• During the 60s, when the English band called “The Beatles” was known internationally for their
unique music performances, many local artists started to create their own music similar to it.
• With this development, the Juan dela Cruz Band and the Jerks paved their ways to the music
industry
• There were music themes touching on political aspect that increased awareness on political
issues and matters with great interest.
 Original Pinoy Music (OPM)
• Rock Music then soared high in the 70s along with the ballads. Since then, many
names started to dominate like Pilita Corales, Nora Aunor, Jose Mari Chan, and Rico J.
Puno.
• As the next decade flourished -the 80s,there were three mainstream bands that
included “The Dawn,” “After Image,” and “Introvoys.” In addition, the music industry
opened the gateway to the country's great balladeers like Regine Velasquez, Gary
Valenciano, Martin Nievera, and Sharon Cuneta.
• Also, rap music started to boom in the music industry through the performance of
Francis Magalona
• The 90's paved the way to underground rock with the influence of NU107 FM radio
station that put the bands' music on air to promote the local artists. This included the
Eraserheads, Rivermaya, Parokya ni Edgar, Sugarfree and Woflgang, who made their
way in their respective spotlights
• Along with them, dance music, love songs, R&B and rap music shone to boost the
economy of the music industry.
 Original Pinoy Music (OPM)
OPM Today and Onwards

• OPM does not stop to be heard. The music of, Sarah Geronimo.,Gloc-9 Calix and
BLKD, December Avenue, Moira Dela Torre, Morisette Amon, Marcelito Pomoy,
Sandwich, Juan Karlos, etc. top the hit cards from time to time.
• Through the medium of internet websites like Spotify, YouTube, blogs of artists,
fans' social media and the like, OPM really soared high not just here in our country
but all-over the world.
• There are some OPM artists that invaded as well as captivated the international
audience. To name a few, these are Charice Pempengco (Jake Cyrus), Marcelito
Pomoy and Morisette Amon. Their popularized songs captured millions of
international fans. They started to open opportunities for the OPM music to be
heard world-wide.
 Original Pinoy Music (OPM)
● This Unit talks about the origin of our own music - the Original Pilipino Music or otherwise
popularly known as Original Pinoy Music (OPM). We begin with the brief history and touch the
current scenario of the OPM today.
 Movement in Music
Movement in Music
▪ Movement is a terminology that refers to a self-contained part of a musical composition or musical
form. It refers to an individual or a selected part or portion from a composition and sometimes
performed separately. Performance of the complete work requires all the movements to be
performed in succession.
▪ There are no composers who possess the same way of orchestrating a piece.
▪ Each composer has his or her own identity and individuality.
▪ Moreover, there are no movements which are patterned exactly the same.

Brief History
The usage of music movements can be traced within the Baroque Period. Famous composers like
Bach and Vivaldi utilized this form.
• Simple melodies
• a limited number of players, usually under the violin family of instrumentation
• every movement has its own distinctive uniqueness.
 Movement in Music
In the Classical period, the use of movements triumphed as composers Haydn, Mozart and
Beethoven engaged in the utilization of movement.
• Composers have their own trademark or style of compositions.
• Hence, each movement is independent from the rest
• It is ideal to listen to the entire composition.
As regards the Romantic period, the dominance of movements developed to its eloquence. More
composers included this kind of art to their respective compositions like Mendelssohn, Berlioz and
Brahms who had the passion to create masterpieces using movements.
• Full of tone colors,
• Rich in dynamics
• Very melodious
 Movement in Music
Sample Works:
 Movement in Music
Translating Sounds into Movements as New Art Form
• Sounds are vibrations that travel through the air or from a device and can be heard through a
person's or animal's auditory system.
• Deals with sounds that come from nature that are being collected or generated for the purpose of
crafting a composition that offers a newly created art form.
• Digital-generated sounds and/or any sound that can be generated in creative ways

Texture in Music
• defined as the horizontal and vertical relationship of a musical material.
• it is the overall quality of the musical piece
• This element determines the balance of the music within the orchestration of the composition
Music Ensemble
• known as music group or musical group of people who perform using musical instruments or
vocals or both
• focuses on group performance
• Teamwork; this is cooperation, participation and unity of the group
• The group members comprise at least four (quartet) and above.
 Movement in Music
Different Kinds of Music • Quintet
Ensemble • Chorale

• Band

• Jazz • Orchestra

• Chamber music
• Symphony
• Quartet
 Movement in Music

To organize a music ensemble

• decide what kind of musical ensemble you like to come up

with
• identify your members

• be sure to come up with your group's rules and regulations,

• determine the genre of music you want to perform;

• start to gather the music, do rehearsals or practices, and

involve yourselves in making cover recordings or videos

• have your group's own identity or trademark
 Dance
• It involves choreography of body actions with the company of
music.
• Dance is a non-verbal communication art that uses primarily
body movements with the use of music.
• Dance is a medium of expression, social interaction and
presentation in a spiritual or performative setting.
• A dance competition is an organized event in which contestants
execute a dance performance before a judge for awards and
cash prizes.
Dance
 Dance
Brief History
• From the earliest time of human history, dance was already used for rituals, spiritual gatherings,
festivities and other social events.
• Transitions of dance costumes, from sophisticated full body to seductive less body cover were
already practiced.
• The 20th Century dance involved the use of technology from digital music on stage performances.
Dance serves several purposes for our culture.
• Dance is an art expression of feelings through body movements.
• In wedding, anniversary and other ceremonies, dances serve as an offering to guests.
• In tribal rituals, dance pleases the spirits of the underworld to provide bountiful harvests and
better health conditions.
• Dance is also used as a form of prayer like the use of interpretative dance during masses and
other special occasions.
• Providing entertainment is one of the most important purposes of dance in history.
• Dance can also provide erotic expression in drama, theater and movie presentation.
• Dance provides satisfaction for social pleasure to prevent stress, just like Zumba and Ballroom
Dancing.
Dance
 Dance
The elements of dance can be easily remembered form the acronym
B.A.S.T.E
• Body - a very essential element. Without it there is no possible
movement.
• Action - refers to the movement of the execution of the dance using
projection, balance, sway, wiggle and other movements depending on
the chosen dance genre.
• Space - refers to the dance hall or the stage where the dance is
presented.
• Time - refers to the speed of the execution depending on how slow and
how fast the dance genre is to be executed.
• Energy - Dance performance depends on the energy of the dancers.
Dance
 Dance
Classifications of Dances

1. Solo dances are performed by only one dancer, just like an

interpretative dance in a ballet.
 Dance
2. Partner dances require two dancers to pair in the dance
presentation. This is typical among ball dances.
 Dance
3. Group dance requires more than two dancers in the dance
presentation. Folk dance, festival dance, line dance, round
dance, square dance and country dances are few of the
examples of a group dance.
 Dance
Kinds of Dances

1. The competitive dances

• Ballet
• Jazz
• Hip-hop
2. The dance-sports.
Dance
a) The international standard
• Waltz
• Viennese Waltz
• Foxtrot
• Quickstep
b) International Latin
• Samba,
• Cha-cha-cha
• Rumba
• Paso Doble
• Jive
c) The open competition
• the World of Dance,
• So You Think You Can Dance
 Dance
Occupation and Benefits of Dance: