Werabe University

College of Social Sciences

Department of Geography and Environmental Studies

Geography Model Exam for Remedial Students (2015 E.C)

1. Which of the following is TRUE about Environmental Possibilism?

A. It believes that human activities are controlled by the environment.
B. It advocated that the physical environment is the master in determining the day-to-day activity of
people.
C. They state that people can influence the environment to enhance their way of life
D. It was the dominant idea up to World War I.
2. If Anthroposphere is for cultural geography, what will be for geomorphology?
A. Hydrosphere B. Lithosphere C. Troposphere D. Biosphere
3. Which theme of Geography entails to the translocation of human beings.
A. Place B. Location C. Movement D. Human environment interaction
4. Which of the following is an example of Regional approach to the study of Geography?
A. The geography of hunger C. The geography of climate
B. The geography of agriculture D. The geography of sub-Sahara
5. Among the following one is properly expresses about School of determinism thought?
A. One-way relationships exist between humans and the environment
B. Human beings are masters of the environment and they can judge their benefits
C. The natural environment is an influencing factor on human’s mode of living
D. Recognizes humans ability to change its environment using better technologies
6. Which one of the following geosphere of the earth is concerned with the earth’s cultural landscape?
A. Lithosphere B. Atmosphere C. Anthroposhere D. Biosphere
7. An imaginary line shown on maps that connect places of equal altitude above mean sea level.
A. Form lines B, Hill shading C. Hachures D. Isohypses
8. Small-scale maps can be expressed as
A. prepared with scales less than or equal to 1:250,000
B. It covers small areas
C. Prepared with scales that range between 1:50,000 and 1:250,000
D. Contain high-detailed information
9. General-purpose maps are characterized with
A. Widely illustrate both physical and human-made features of the earth
B. Contain many kinds of information at a relatively high level of detail
C. Provides a wide range of information about the place it represents
D. Shows the features of a place in a relatively general way
10. Which of the following DOES NOT properly define map?
A. Map is a two-dimensional (plane) representation all or parts of the earth’s surface.
B. Maps are smaller than the area they represent.
C. Maps represents true shape and size of the Earth
D. A birds-eye view.
11. Which of the following methods of Showing Altitudes on Contour Maps exist both on the map and in
the field?
A. Spot height B. Trignometrical points C. Benchmarks D. Contour
12. The ratio between altitudinal difference and map distance of two points can give us ___.
A. Field Distance B. Gradient C. Slope D. Contour map
13. Which of the following topographic features represent on maps by closed contours more or less
circular shapes with value decreased towards the center?
A. Mountain B. Plateau C. Depression D. Spur
14. A part of earth’s atmosphere highly characterized with high velocity winds
A. Troposphere B. Stratosphere C. Mesosphere D. Thermosphere
15. Transfer of heat from one body to another by means of electromagnetic waves is
A. Conduction B. radiation C. Convection D. Insolation
16. The removal of water from plants refers to
A. Evaporation B. Transpiration C. Condensation D. Sublimation
17. A type of rainfall when moist air is forced to rise over mountains and as it rises; it cools, then
condenses and falls as rain.
A. Convectional rainfall B. Frontal rainfall C. Cyclonic D. Orographic
18. Which of the following is Densely Populated Regions of the world?
A. Tundra B. Asiatic population belt C. High relief D. Hot-dry lands
19. _________is the average number of years a new-born baby is expected to live.
A. Adult Mortality Rate B. Life Expectancy C. Maternal Mortality rate D. Child Mortality Rate
20. Which sub-region is found in between coniferous forest belt and polar ice caps?
A. Cold zone B. Temperate zone C. Tundra region D. Frigid zone
21. Which of the following is an urban settlement?
A. Town B. Village C. Hamlet D. Isolated homesteads
22. Which of the following is the most important example of non-renewable resources?
A. Forest B. Oil C. Water D. Soil
23. The region with dry summer and rainy winter season is ______.
A. Hot desert B. The tundra C. Coniferous forest D. Mediterranean region
24. Which one of the following may NOT be affected by the relief of a given geographical unit?
A. Visibility between two points C. Length of day and night.
B. Population settlement. D. Rain fall.
25. What is the major factor that forces people to migrate from their places of origin in search of
employment?
A. Social factor. B. Political factor. C. Economic factor D. Ecological factor
26. In which one of the following continent is the population doubling time is very short?
A. Europe B. Asia C. Latin America. D. North America
27. Which of the following is NOT a likely outcome of large scale deforestation and overgrazing?
A. Land degradation. B. Climatic change. C. Greater biodiversity. D. Increased runoff and flooding.
28. When does a cyclonic /frontal/ rain fall occur?
A. When hot air raises to greater heights and cools.
B. When winds coming from warm and cold areas converge.
C. When rain bearing winds descent from higher to lower grounds.
D. When winds coming from warm areas make contact with mountains.
29. One of the following features is NOT associated with the lower course of a river:
A. Cataracts B. Delta C. Meander D. Estuary
30. One of the following is NOT elements of weather and climate?
A. Latitude B. Air pressure C. Cloud D. Rainfall
31. Summer seasons in the southern Hemisphere include?
A. June, July and August C. September, October and November
B. December January and February D. March, April and may
32. One of the following can be considered as an advantage of globalization for the developing countries?
A. It has maintained the benefits of the developing countries
B. It has encouraged local consumption of domestic products
C. It has ensured equality between countries of the world
D. It has increased remittance flows to the developing countries
33. Which of the following describes the socio-economic characteristics of Ethiopia?
A. More than a half of the rural population has access to electricity
B. The illiteracy rate has been decreasing significantly since 1990s
C. Currently, Ethiopia is one of the middle income countries
D. The majority of Ethiopian population has access to clean water
34. One of the following conditions can be taken as evidence of a promising future for socio-economic
development in Ethiopia?
A. Rapid rate of population growth C. High rate of rural to urban migration
B. Diverse nature of imported goods D. Availability of various natural resources
35. The main global pressure belts that affect the climate of Africa between 5 o N and 5o S latitudes are
A. Horse latitudes B. Polar easterlies C. Equatorial lows D. subtropical highs
36. Among the following one is False about a general a characteristics of African Rivers.
A. Many of the rivers of Africa are difficult to navigational activities.
B. Many of African rivers are interrupted by waterfalls and rapids
C. Many of the rivers of Africa have variations in their volumes between the wet and dry seasons.
D. Many of African rivers have high pressure force along their lower courses
37. Which one of the following bounds the southern part of horn of Africa?
A. Sudan. B. Kenya. C. the Red sea. D. the Indian Ocean.
38. Which of the following factors has the least effect on population distribution of Africa?
A. Conflict and war B. Religion C. Climate D. Water resources
39. Which one of the following DOES NOT explain the oldest rocks of Africa?
A. Mainly covered by other layers of rocks. C. It is highly complex in its formation
B. Rich in gold and copper minerals. D. It covers small parts of Africa.
40. Where do you find the richest and most diverse wild life concentration in Africa?
A. In river valleys, lakes and swamps. C. in equatorial rainforest region
B. In savannah grasslands. D. In desert and semi desert areas.
41. Of the following one of ocean currents has NO effect on the climate of Africa
A. Canaries B. Benguela C. Labrador D. Mozambique
42. Which of the following land forms of Africa come into being mainly as a result of folding?
A. Mountains of East Africa. C. The atlas mountain
B. The East African Rift valley. D. The lakes region of Ethiopia.
43. One of the following is NOT among the major causes of drought in Africa?
A. Deforestation C. Carefully planned land use
B. Overgrazing D. Expansion of farmlands and settlements
44. What is the Northern extreme point of Africa?
A. Cape Guardafui (Somalia) C. Cape Bon (Tunisia)
B. Cape Agulhas (RSA) D. Cape Verde (Senegal)
45. Which one of the following is the smallest of all climatic zones of Africa?
A. Tropical maritime (monsoon climate) C. Equatorial climate
B. Highland (mountain) climate D. Warm temperate continental climate
46. Which one of the following statement is INCORRECT description about Africa?
A. It has a fragmented shape
B. Many places are not very far from the coast
C. It has fairly unbroken coastline
D. East-west and north-south extensions are almost equal
47. Which one of the following is CORRECT about the population of Africa?
A. Slowest growing of population in the world
B. High life expectancy
C. High rate of population growth and short period of doubling time
D. Second populous continent next to North America
48. Which one of the following is NOT among the causes for the high fertility index in Africa?
A. Better access to contraceptives C. Religious encourage large families
B. Early marriage D. Low status of women
49. One of the following is CORRECT about the Great East African Rift Valley?
A. It stretches from Syria to Mozambique
B. It extends a total distance of 5600km
C. It was formed in tertiary period due to folding
D. It is the smallest part of rift valley in the world
50. About 98% of the world’s known deposits of one of the following minerals is found in Africa
A. Gold B. Uranium C. Chromium D. Manganese
51. During which period of the geologic time scale did the Eastern part of Africa remains under the sea?
A. Jurassic period B. Triassic period C. Cretaceous period D. Tertiary period
52. Which one of the following is NOT an industrial crop?
A. Coffee B. Chat C. Sesame D. Sugarcane
53. Which of the following is NOT normally associated with the concept of Economic development?
A. Greater gender equality C. Unlimited political and civil rights
B. Higher per capita income D. Better nutrition and health status
54. According to Karl Marx, food security among population should be understood in relation to
A. The adoption of preventive checks
B. The potential of technological advancement
C. Natural resource degradation
D. Unequal distribution of resources
55. What kind of mining technique is mainly used to extract Gold from gravel, sand and soil?
A. Quarrying B. Open pit mining C. Strip mining D. placer mining
56. Among the following, which one explains the economy of Ethiopia?
A. There is a strong link between various economic sectors
B. The industrial sector employs more than a half of the labour force
C. The service sector is currently the dominant sector
D. The construction sector is the leading sector in terms of GDP share
57. Which one of the following is NOT Thomas Malthus’s recommendation regarding the population
growth challenge?
A. Moral restraint B. use of contraception C. late marriage D. preventive checks
58. Which of the following National regional states of Ethiopia has the highest percentage of its
population living in urban areas?
A. SNNPR B. Oromiya C. Amhara D. Gambella
59. Which of the following statement is NOT CORRECT?

A. Amount of temperature increase from central to peripheral low lands of Ethiopia

B. Rainfall increase from south-western to north eastern part of Ethiopia

C. Rate of temperature decrease as altitude increase above sea level

D. During winter season the overhead sun is shift south of equator

60. One of the following is NOT among the advantage of large territorial size of Ethiopia?

A. Require great financial power to construct basic facilities

B. Possess a great variety of mineral resources

C. Provide diverse agro climatic zone

D. Possess home of diverse ethnic group

61. Endemic Animal found both in the Semein and Bale mountains of Ethiopia
A. Walia Ibex B. Semein Fox C. Wild Ass D. Mountain Nyala

62. All of the following are drained by the Abay river and its tributaries EXCEPT

A. South-eastern highlands C. Central highlands

B. South-western highlands D. North and central highland

63. One is NOT a physical factor influencing the spatial distribution of population in Ethiopia:

A. Economic Activities B. Soil Type C. Water Supply D. Climate

64. The northern most extreme point of Ethiopia is located at

A. Moyale B. Akobo C. Ogaden D. Badime

65. The largest and widest part of the Ethiopian Rift Valley System is called

A. Lakes Region B. Afar Triangle C. Chew Bahir Rift D. Somali highlands

66. All are the characteristics of Ethiopian population EXCEPT?

A. Age dependence ratio is high in Ethiopia C. Fertility level higher in rural than urban

B. Sex ratio high in rural lower in urban D. High birth and death rate

67. Which of the following types of soil is the most suitable for the production of coffee, cereal and inset
in Ethiopia?
A. Nitosols B. Vertisols C. Xerosols D. Regosols
68. Which one of the following is NOT correct about the temperature distribution of Ethiopia?
A. Temperature decreases from peripheries towards the interior
B. Annual average temperature is higher than the daily average temperature
C. March, April and May are the warmest months throughout the year in the country
D. November, December and January are the coldest months in the country
 69. Ethiopia has longest boundary line with one of the following neighbouring countries.
A. Eritrea B. Kenya C. Somalia D. Djibouti
70. Assume that two cities lie at the same latitudinal extent experiences overhead sun throughout the year
and might not have uniform temperature distribution over the earth surface. What is the main factor of
this climate variation?
A. Weather system B. Altitude C. Cloud cover D. Latitude
71. Which one of the following weather system in Ethiopia is responsible to the occurrence of summer
rain fall?
A. Equatorial Westerly’s B. North east trade winds C. Equatorial Easterlies D. Monsoon winds
72. Which one of the following is the most utilized river both in irrigation and hydroelectric power?
A. Chamo B. Abbay C. Awash D. Genalle
73. As Berha zone is coincide with desert, so as Wurch is similar to:
A. Afro Alpine B. Sub-tropical C. Temperate D. Tropical
74. Which one of the following a high land forest of Ethiopia is similar to forest of coniferous trees?
A. Warka B. Zigba C. Woira D. Tid
75. Which one of the following era is mainly associated with the formation of the basement complex rock?
A. Mesozoic Era B. Cenozoic Era C. Paleozoic Era D. Precambrian Era
76. One of the following high land areas of Ethiopia is the most rugged and dissected plateaus?
A. Southwestern high lands C. Arsi Bale massifs
B. North central massif D. Shewa plateau
77. Which of the following is not directly affected by the vertical distribution of climate of Ethiopia?
A. The spatial distribution of population. C. The spatial distribution of vegetation.
B. The spatial distribution of linguistic group. D. The spatial distribution of urban centers.
78. Which climate zone if Ethiopia is the transition between the hot arid and the humid climate?
A. Woina dega B. Dega C. Kolla D. Bereha
79. Extremely leached soils of Ethiopia are
A.Nitosols B. Xerosols C. Aceisols D. Vertisols
80. Which one of the following is the main reason for high rate of urbanization in Ethiopia?
A. High rate of urban to urban migration.
B. The presence of high rate of natural l increase.
C. Urban development policy of the country.
D. The presence of large number of immigrants.
81. What is the advantage of compact shape of Ethiopia?
A. Easily direct access to the sea C. High economic integration
B. Possessing similar type of resources. D. High communication gap.
82. While mount Tsibet is located in Tigray, ______is located in the south-western highlands?
A. Mt. Gughe. B. Mt. Ras dashen. C. Mt. kaka. D. Mt. Batu.
83. Which kind of economic activity involves the production of food stuffs and raw materials?
A. Quaternary B. Tertiary C. Primary. D. Secondary.
84. Which one of the following considered as an economic impact of HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia?
A. Schools dropout B. Loss of skilled labor C. Family breakup D. Feeling guilty conscience.
85. Which of the following orderings will represent a bottom up vertical distribution of climatic types in
Ethiopia?
A. Bereha, Kolla, Woina Dega, Dega, Wurch
B. Kola, Bereha, Dega, Weina Dega, Wurch
C. wurch, Dega, Kolla, Weina Dega, Bereha
D. Weina Dega, Kola, Dega, Bereha, Wurch
86. The Nile river basin is grouped under ___ drainage system.
A. Atlantic Ocean drainage system C. Indian Ocean drainage system
B. Mediterranean Sea drainage system D Inland drainage system
QUESTIONS 87-91 ARE BASED ON THE CLIMATE DATA OF HYPOTHETICAL REGIONS GIVEN IN THE
TABLE BELOW.

Station Item Months

J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 Temp(℃) 27 27 27 28 28 27 27 27 27 27 27 27
RF(mm) 251 188 188 193 170 173 173 201 173 206 251 269
2 Temp(℃) 10 11 13 15 18 22 24 25 23 19 15 12

RF(mm) 116 76 57 65 36 14 2 4 27 84 93 117

3 Temp(℃) 15 17 22 27 33 36 37 37 34 28 22 16

RF(mm) 6.1 6.2 7.4 3.3 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.1 4.5 4.7

4 Temp(℃) 16 17 18 18 18 17 15 15 16 16 16 15
RF(mm) 11.8 22.6 42.7 63. 61.3 96.3 200.2 208.6 106.6 27.3 5.7 5.3

87. What type of rainfall is most likely common in station 2?

 A. Relief B. Orographic C. Cyclonic D. Convectional
88. Which meteorological station has the lowest annual range of temperature?
A. Station 4 B. station 2 C. station 3 D. station 1
89. Under what type of natural vegetation can station 1 be categorized?
A. Desert B. Mediterranean C. Equatorial rainforest D. Grassland
90. Which meteorological station is perfectly found in Ethiopia?
A. Station 2 B. station 1 C. station 4 D. station 3
91. The driest season of station 3 is
A. Summer B. winter C. Spring D. Autumn

QUESTIONS 92-65 ARE BASED ON THE DEMOGRAPHIC DATA OF A HYPOTHETICAL REGION GIVEN IN THE
TABLE BELOW.
Total Population 125.1 million
Urban population 114 million
Live births 799,728
Female population 64.9 million
Adult population 73.3 million
Old age population 36.1million
Total area 377,973km2
Cultivated area 43,320 km2
92. The crude birth rate of the population is
A. 63.9/1000 B. 6.39/1000 C. 0.63/1000 D. 639/1000
93. What is the agricultural density of the region?
A. 156.23p/km2 B. 256.23 p/km2 C. 356.23p/km2 D. 8.72 P/km2
94. The Age Dependency Ratio of the region is
A. 71% B. 2.3% C. 7.1% D. 23%
95. According to this demographic data,
A. There are approximately 93 females per 100 males
B. The number of males greater than females
C. There are approximately 93 males per 100 females
D. This country has high sex ratio
QUESTIONS 96-100 ARE BASED ON THE ATTACHED MAP BELOW.
 96. In which traditional agro climatic zones of Ethiopia is the area shown on the map?
A. Dega B Wurch C. Qolla D. Berha
97. What type of land form letter ‘’D‟ represents?
A. Saddle B. Cliff C. Valley D. Depression
98. What is the type of slope from point “B” to “A” indicate?
A. Convex B. Even C. Terraced D. Concave
99. If we enlarge this map two times, what will be the scale of the new map?
A. 1:200,000 B. 1: 50,000 C. 1:10,000 D. 1:100,000
100.What is the direction of Point ‘K’ from point ‘Y’?
A. Southwest B. Southeast C. Northwest D Northeast