Paper Gondola Wagon

EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS AT A GONDOLA WAGON
Tiberiu tefan MNESCU Nicuor Laureniu ZAHARIA Ion SIMION Constantin Vasile BTEA Gelu BLAN Eftimie Murgu University, 320085 Reia, 1-4 Traian Vuia Square e-mail: [email protected] Romanian Railway Authority - AFER, 010719 Bucharest, 393 Calea Grivitei, e-mail:, [email protected], [email protected] Eftimie Murgu University, 320085 Reia, 1-4 Traian Vuia Square e-mail: [email protected] Eftimie Murgu University, 320085 Reia, 1-4 Traian Vuia Square [email protected] INTRODUCTION This abstract present the experimental stress analysis of a strength structure of a gondola wagon. The gondola wagons are wagons only with side and frontal walls (without roof). Because of wide range of freight which can be loaded in those, the gondola wagons are in large number at railway freight operators; this is the reason why this type of wagon is standardized dimensionally speaking. But still, the wagon manufacturers try to improve the characteristics of the wagons. Before putting in service this wagon, a series of tests had to be carried out, among which stress analysis in accordance with international standards, as follows: EN 12663 Structural requirements of railway vehicle bodies; UIC leaflet 577 (UIC = Union Internationale des Chemins de fer); ERRI B12/RP17 (ERRI = European Rail Research Institute). The tests which are presented in this paper were performed at Romanian Railway Authority AFER on Stress Analysis Bench Test. MEASURAMENT POINTS The measurement points were located in the relevant load areas: Elements of the chassis; Door case. The measurements were performed in 35 points. Hottinger LY11-10/120 strain gages were glued on the elements of the wagon with Hottinger Z70 adhesive. The diagrams of the measurement point location on the frame are shown in figures 1 and 2. TESTS The following tests were performed in accordance with the above mentioned standards: 1. 2 MN compressive force at buffer level; 2. 2 MN compressive force at coupler level; 3. 1.5 MN compressive force below buffer; 4. 0.4 MN compressive force applied diagonally at buffer level; 5. 1,5 MN tensile force in coupler area; 6. vertical loads tests: 6.a. 23 tons applied on 3 m long from wagon floor; 6.b. 27 tons applied on 5 m long from wagon floor; 6.c. 39 tons applied on 10,7 m long from wagon floor; 6.d. 65,6 tons applied on entire length of wagon floor; 7. lifting at one end of the vehicle; 8. lifting the whole vehicle. Horizontal loads (1...5) were applied at one end of the wagon by means of hydraulic cylinders. The other end of the wagon was leaned at buffer level, coupler level respectively. The vertical loads (6) were obtained by loading the wagon with steel ballast pieces. The (7) load was performed lifting the loaded wagon from under the buffer beam until the adjacent
bogie got off the rails, with the other bogie still leaned on the rails. The (8) load was obtained fully lifting the wagon from under its lateral supports.
In table 2 and 3, stress was calculated with Hookes law.
Figure 1 The static tests permissible stress, are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Welding Welding free area area Horizontal loads (aH) 355 309 N/mm2 A 277 Vertical B 150 loads (aV1) C 133 N/mm2 D 110 RESULTS The measured stress was below the permissible stress for all measuring points except the following: at vertical load tests (6.d), at area C1C4 strain gages, on horizontal direction. Because the permissible stress of the static tests was exceeded, the commission formed from the manufacture people and the testing team decides to offer a modified design of the area of superior door case. In figure 2 is presented the C3-C4 strain gages area before reinforcing the door case and in figure 3 is presented the reinforced door case. The results of test before reinforcing are presented in table 2. Table 2 Test Measuring point 6.d. C1 C2 C3 C4 2 Stress N/mm -69 -184 313 65 The results of test after reinforcing are presented in table 3. Table 3 Test Measuring point 6.d. C1 C2 C3 C4 Stress N/mm2 -114 -180 57 60 Class
Figure 2
Figure 3 CONCLUZION After consolidation of the superior door case, the results obtain at the repeated tests was smaller than static tests permissible stress, so we can concluded that the reinforcing solution was good. REFERENCES [1] Karl Hoffman: An Introduction to Measurement using Strain Gages, Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik GmbH Darmstadt [2] Avril J. Encyclopedie Vishay dAnalyse des Contraintes, Vishay-Micromesures France [3] *****EN12663 Structural requirements of railway vehicle bodies [4] *****UIC leaflet 577 Sollicitations des wagons [5] ***** ERRI B12/RP17, Wagons, Programme des essais chssis et suprastructure en acier (apte recevoir lattelage automatique de choc et traction) et leur bogies chssis en acier. Utrecht 1997.

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EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS AT A GONDOLA WAGON

In table 2 and 3, stress was calculated with Hookes law.

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