Tools and Utilities: On-Line Manual

Tools and Utilities
O N - L I N E M A N U A L
Copyright  1982 - 1999 by ERDAS, Inc. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
ERDAS Proprietary - Delivered under license agreement.

Copying and disclosure prohibited without express written permission from ERDAS, Inc.
ERDAS, Inc.
2801 Buford Highway, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2137 USA
Phone: 404/248-9000
Fax: 404/248-9400
User Support: 404/248-9777
Warning
All information in this document, as well as the software to which it pertains, is proprietary material of ERDAS, Inc., and is
subject to an ERDAS license and non-disclosure agreement. Neither the software nor the documentation may be reproduced in
any manner without the prior written permission of ERDAS, Inc.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
ERDAS is a trade name of ERDAS, Inc. ERDAS and ERDAS IMAGINE are registered trademarks of ERDAS, Inc. Model
Maker, CellArray, ERDAS Field Guide, and ERDAS Tour Guides are trademarks of ERDAS, Inc. Other brands and product
names are trademarks of their respective owners.
Tools and Utilities On-Line Manual
Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Search and Replace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Current Line Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Raster Attribute Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Column Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Merge Raster Attribute Columns: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Add Area Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Number Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Layer Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Data Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Automatic Tape Scanning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Open Tape Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Define Data Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Hierarchical File Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Text Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
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ImageInfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Print Options (Image Info) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Rename Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Statistics Generation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Compute Pyramid Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Change Map Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Histogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Pixel data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Image Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Statistics Generation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Map Info Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Map Projection Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Pyramid Layers Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Coordinate Calculator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Compute Point Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Save As . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Input Projection and Units Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
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Output Projection and Units Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Movie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Save Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Movie Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Set View Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Add Frame To Movie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
VUE Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Set Display Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Using the VUE Player Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

VUE Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
VPL Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Image Drape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Background Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Band Combinations (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Raster Options (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Save To Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Image Drape Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Convert Viewer to .img . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Level Of Detail (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
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Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Print (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Eye/Target Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Arrange Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Positions Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Load Positions (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Save Positions (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Position Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Sun Positioning (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Mosaic Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Open Mosaic File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Save Mosaic File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Mosaic to Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Mosaic Image List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Add Images for Mosaic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Mosaictool FLS File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Matching Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Mosaic Intersection List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
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Set Overlap Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Mosaic Output List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Output Image Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Run Mosaic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Active Area Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Image Resample Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
JPEG Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
JPEG Decompression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Pixel To Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Table to Pixel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Redirect File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Image Chip Maker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Create Lowercase Parallel Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Font Table Maker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Image Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
DLL Version Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Data Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Reproject Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
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Editor
Editor
The ERDAS IMAGINE Text Editor is a full featured ASCII text editor. It provides convenient
space for taking notes and writing memos and reports. Data may be freely copied from the
HfaView, Data View, and most other CellArray windows.
The Text Editor is an excellent tool for creating models using the Spatial Modeler Language and
is frequently used by IMAGINE report generating tools.
You can access the Text Editor any of these ways:
♦ Select Tools | Edit Text Files... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel
♦ from Spatial Modeler, click Model Librarian... and then Edit
File Select this option to open, save, print, and close. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-f.
New Select this option to start a new Text Editor. The current Text Editor is not affected.
Open... Select this option to bring up the File Selector dialog for selecting an existing
file to open. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+l.
Save Select this option to save changes to the current model or text file. The keyboard
shortcut is Ctl+s.
Save As... Select this option to bring up the File Selector dialog for saving the current
file to a new name.
Reset Select this option to reset to the original contents. This option removes any
changes made since the last save.
Print... Select this option to bring up the Print dialog for printing the file. The keyboard
shortcut is Ctl+p.
Close Select this option to exit the Text Editor. You will be asked if you want to save your
edits if you have not already done so. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+d.
Edit Select this option to cut, copy, and paste.

Cut Select this option to delete the selected text and copy it to the buffer. You can use
the Paste command to paste the contents of the buffer back into the file. The selection
remains in the buffer until the Cut or Copy command is used again. The keyboard
shortcut is Ctl+x.
Copy Select this option to copy the selected text to the buffer. You can use the Paste
command to insert that text anywhere in the file. The selection remains in the buffer until
the Cut or Copy command is used again. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+c.
1
Editor
Paste Select this option to paste the contents of the buffer into the file at the cursor
position. The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+v.
Clear Select this option to deselect any selected text.
You can also deselect text by clicking elsewhere in the document. However, this will move
your cursor position.
View Select this option to move to a particular line in the file. The keyboard shortcut is
Meta-v.
Current Line Number... Select this option to go to a specific line. The Current Line
Number dialog is opened.
Find Select this option to search for and/or replace specific words or characters in the file.
The keyboard shortcut is Meta-n.
Find ... Select this option to find and find/replace with the Search and Replace dialog.
The keyboard shortcut is Ctl+f.
Find Next Select this option after using the Find option to find the next occurrence of
the selected text.
Replace Text Select this option to replace the selected text with the replacement text
entered in the Search and Replace dialog.
Replace All Select this option to replace all occurrences of the string search with the
replace string entered in the Search and Replace dialog.
Help
Help for Editor Select this option to see this On-Line Help document. The keyboard shortcut
is Meta-h.
Click to open a file. This is the same as selecting File | Open in the menu bar. The File
Selector dialog is opened.
Click to create a new Text Editor window. This is the same as selecting File | New in
the menu bar.
Click to save the current document. This is the same as selecting File | Save in the
menu bar.
2
Editor
Click to print the current document. This is the same as selecting File | Print in the menu
bar. The Print dialog is opened.
Click to cut the selected text. This is the same as selecting Edit | Cut in the menu bar.
Click to copy the selected text. This is the same as selecting Edit | Copy in the menu bar.
Click to paste the buffer contents into the document at the cursor position. This is the
same as selecting Edit | Paste in the menu bar.
Click to search for a text string. This is the same as selecting Find | Find in the menu
bar. The Search and Replace dialog is opened.
➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE
Interface manual.
3
Print
Print
This dialog lets you print a text file from the Text Editor window.
Left-hold File | Print... from the Text Editor menu bar or click the icon on the tool bar to
access this dialog.
Printer Name: Enter the name of the printer as it is identified in the

/etc/printcap file.
OK Click to send the current file to the specified printer and close this dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog.
Help Click to see this On-Line Help document.

Interface manual.
4
Search and Replace
Search and Replace

This dialog enables you to search and/or replace words, phrases, or characters within a text file
in the Text Editor.
Select Find | Find... from the Text Editor menu bar to access this dialog or click on the icon.
Find Click to find the next occurrence of the word(s) or characters typed in the text field to
the right.
Replace Click to replace text found with the Find button with the text typed in the text field
to the right of this button.
Close Click to close this dialog.
Replace then Find Click to first replace the selected text with the replacement text and
then search for the next occurrence of the Find text. If no text is selected, use the Find button
once to find and highlight it.
Find then Replace Click this button instead of the Find and Replace buttons to first
locate text, then replace with new text all in one step.
Replace All Click to replace all occurrences of the Find text with the Replace text.
If the search string contains a subset of the replace string, this option will result in an infinite
loop and may cause the system to crash.
Help Click to see this On-Line help document.

Interface manual.
5
Current Line Number
Current Line Number

This dialog lets you go to a specific line number in a text file or determine the line number of the
current line.
Left-hold View | Current Line Number... in the Text Editor menu bar to access this dialog.
Line Number: Enter the line number.
Where Click to see in what line number the cursor is currently positioned. With the cursor
at the position you desire, click Where. The line number where the cursor is positioned will
display in the Line Number number field.
Go To Click to go to a specific line number. Enter the number you want to go to in the Line
Number number field and click Go To. The entire line will be selected.
Interface manual.
6
Raster Attribute Editor

The Raster Attribute Editor provides access to the properties saved in the Descriptor Table for
each layer of a raster file. The Descriptor Table is part of the .img file and may be viewed using
the HfaView Utility. The Raster Attribute Editor allows you to edit, add, or delete attributes as
well as perform functions with them. The changes effected by these operations can be saved
with the image file.
There are several ways to access the Raster Attribute Editor:
♦ Select Tools | Edit Raster Attributes... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.
This method allows access to any layer of any .img file.
♦ Select Edit | Raster Attribute Editor... from the Image Info menu bar.
This method operates on the layer open in Image Info.
♦ Select Raster | Attributes... from the Viewer menu bar.

This method operates on the file currently displayed in the Viewer. It has the advantage of
providing visual feedback on operations such as color manipulation. This method may only
be used for a layer displayed as Pseudocolor.
♦ Right-hold PseudoColor Options | Attribute Editor... in the Arrange Layers dialog. This
method may only be used for a layer opened as Pseudocolor.
♦ Click the icon on the Raster tool palette.
File Click to display open, save, and close options.

New Click to start a new Raster Attribute Editor.
Open... Click to display the File Selector dialog.
Save Click to save changes to the file.
Revert Click to discard all changes and revert to the last saved version.
Close Click to close the current editor.
Close All Click to close all Raster Attribute Editors.
Edit Click to display editing options.

Undo Last Edit Click to undo the last change made.
Note that when using the Column Properties or Merge dialogs, the OK button constitutes
one edit so that everything done within that dialog will be undone.
7
Column Properties... Click to add, delete, reorder, or change properties of columns.

The Column Properties dialog is opened.
Merge... Click to copy or merge columns from another .img layer or file. The Merge
Raster Attribute Columns dialog is opened.
Colors... Click to manipulate the colors associated with each attribute. The Colors
dialog is opened.
i If class 0 has changed colors, it should have an opacity of 1 in order for the change to appear
in the Viewer.
Add Class Names Click to add a Class Names column to the CellArray. This option is
disabled if a “Class_Names” column is already present.
Add Area Column... Click to compute areas from the histogram and add a new column
containing the computed values. The Add Area Column dialog is opened. This option is
disabled for non-georeferenced raster layers.
Cell to Edit Next Click to force the cursor to enter the next row or column on Return.
Next Row Click to position the cursor to the next row after single cell edit.
Next Column Click to position the cursor to the next column after single cell edit.
Deselect Rows Click to deselect all rows.
Select All Rows Click to select all rows.
Invert Row Selection Click to deselect all selected rows and select all deselected rows.
Criteria... The Selection Criteria dialog is opened, allowing you to use a query
language to select rows logically.
Copy Click to copy data from the CellArray. Select the rows or columns to be copied.
If no rows or columns are selected when you select Copy, then the entire CellArray will be
copied.
The data are stored into a buffer until something else is saved with the Copy command.
The copied data can be pasted into another application.
Paste Click to retrieve data that were copied with the Copy command. The data from
the copy buffer are copied into the selected rows of the selected columns. If there are
more rows in the copy buffer than there are in the CellArray, then the data will either be
discarded or pasted into new rows (if the application allows new rows to be created).
Deselect Columns Click to deselect all columns.
8
Select All Columns Click to select all columns.
Invert Column Selection Click to select all deselected columns and deselect all
selected columns.
Format... This option allows you to choose the format to use for displaying numeric
values in the CellArray. The Number Format dialog is opened.
Report... Using this option, you can generate a report from the data in the CellArray.
The Report Format Definition dialog is opened.
Import... This option allows you to import ASCII data into your CellArray. The Import
Column Data dialog is opened.
Export... This option allows you to export column data to an ASCII file for use in other
applications. The Export Column Data dialog is opened.
Formula... This option lets you create a formula which can be applied to selected rows
or columns. The Formula dialog is opened.
Compute Stats... The Statistics dialog is opened.
Help
Click to open a new file to edit. The File Selector dialog is opened.
Click to start a new Raster Attribute Editor.
Click to save changes to the file.
Click to add, delete, reorder, or change properties of columns. The Column Properties
dialog is opened.
Click to copy the selected rows and columns. The data are written to the paste buffer.
Click to paste the contents of the buffer. This option should be selected only after you
have clicked the Copy tool.
9
Layer Number: Change layer number for attribute editing
(CellArray) This area displays the rows and columns of raster attribute data for the
selected layer. The name of this layer is included in the title bar of the dialog.
Right-hold in the Row column for the Row Selection popup. Right-hold on any column
heading for the Column Options popup.
Interface manual.
➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the ERDAS IMAGINE
Tour Guides manual.
Solutions
Suppose you have an unsigned-16 bit thematic image with approximately 1000 different
categories. When you open it in the Raster Attribute Editor, you can only see 256 “sliced”
categories. How can you browse the full range of data?
Go into Tools | Image Information... to recompute the statistics. Set both Skip Factors to 1 and
select Direct for the Bin Function. You should now be able to see all of the categories.
10
Column Properties
Column Properties
This dialog enables you to add, remove, and rearrange attribute columns. You may change the
alignment and format of data and the width of columns.
Left-hold Edit | Column Properties... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar or left-click
the icon on the tool bar to access this dialog.
Columns: This window displays the list of attribute columns. The arrangement of these
columns may be modified by use of the following buttons. Additionally, you may add (New) or
remove (Delete) columns.
Left-click on the attribute column that you want to move or delete.
Up Left-click to move the selected column up one in list.
Down Left-click to move the selected column down one in the list.
Top Left-click to move the selected column to top of the list.
Bottom Left-click to move the selected column to the bottom of the list.
New Left-click to create a new column at end of the list.
Delete Left-click to delete the selected column. This button is disabled when the column
is not Editable or when the column is required and must not be deleted.
Title: Enter or display the title of the selected column. If the title is editable, it will be
displayed in an edittext framepart.
Editable Left-click to set whether the column is editable. Some columns (such as
Histogram) are, by default, not editable.
Type: This field displays the data type of the column. It is editable only when a new column
is being created. The types are listed below.
String Specify type of column
Integer Specify type of column
Real Specify type of column
Complex Specify type of column
Color Specify type of column
11
Column Properties
➲ For more information on these data types, see the on-line Spatial Modeler Language
Manual.
Show RGB Left-click to display the associated Red, Green, and Blue columns. This check
box is enabled only when a color type column is selected.
Alignment Left-hold this popup list to select the alignment of data in the column.
Left Column data will be left-justified.
Center Column data will be centered.
Right Column data will be right-justified.
Format: The user-defined formats are displayed in this text field. They may be edited in
this field, but more consistent results may be obtained by using the pre-defined formats
displayed in the Number Format dialog.
More... Left click to display the Number Format dialog.
Formula: The user-defined formulas are displayed in this text field. They may be edited
in this field, but more consistent results may be obtained by building the formula using the
Formula dialog.
More... Left click to display the Formula dialog.
Default only Left-click to associate the formula with the column without applying it. The
default formula is displayed whenever the Formula dialog is opened. The default formula
is applied from the Formula dialog to the selected rows.
Apply on OK Left-click to apply the formula to the column when the OK button is left-
clicked.
Auto-Apply Left-click to apply the formula to the column whenever one of its dependent
values is changed.
Note that this option could result in significant delays when the CellArray is very large.
Display Width: Edit the width of the column. The displayed value is in ‘M’ (character)
units.
Max Width: Edit the maximum number of characters stored in a string type column. This
field is active only with String type data. If you edit the column width and unwanted truncation
occurs, left-hold File/Revert to restore the lost text.
12
Column Properties
Units: Enter user-defined units of measure. The Edit/Add Area Column option
automatically sets this field.
OK Left-click to apply all changes to the CellArray and close the dialog.
Cancel Left-click to cancel this process and close this dialog.
Help Left-click to see this On-Line Help document.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information about using CellArrays in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the “Using CellArrays”
Appendix in the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.
13
Merge Raster Attribute Columns:

This dialog enables you to copy attributes from one file to another.
For example, when you run a model, the new output file may not have all of the attributes of the
original file. Using this option, you can merge these attributes into the new file simply by selecting
the appropriate rows in the CellArray and clicking OK.
In another example, suppose you ran the Clump function and wanted to merge attributes from
the original file into the new file, but wanted these attributes merged according to the original
values of the file, not the clumped values. You can merge these attributes by specifying the
original value column as the Index Column.
You may merge into all rows of the attribute table or limit the merge to selected rows. If any rows
are selected in the Raster Attribute Editor CellArray, the merge function will affect only those
rows. However, the Merge dialog is modal, which prevents you from selecting rows in the
CellArray once the Merge dialog is opened. If you want to restrict the Merge to selected rows,
you must select the rows first before opening up the Merge dialog. If no row selection is present
in the CellArray, all rows may be affected by the Merge.
Select Edit | Merge... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar to access this dialog.
Input Raster Layer: Select or enter the file from which to merge columns. The default
file extension is .img.
Layer Number: Click on this popup list to select the layer number to use if the file is multi-
layered.
Index Column: (from output) Click on this popup list to select the column in the
original file to use as the index (rows to get data from). Only Integer type columns may be
used as an index. The index relates rows in the two files. If there is no correspondence, data
will not be copied.
This option can be used alone, or in combination with the Key Column below.
Key Column: (from input) Click on this popup list to select a column in the Raster
Layer specified above to determine where in the original file to place the new values (rows to
put data into). If more than one row in the Key column has the same value, only the first one
is used.
This option can be used alone or in combination with the Index Column above. When both an
Index column and a Key column are used, data is copied from the first input row whose key
matches the index of the output row. Index and Key numbers may not be negative.
14
(CellArray) Select rows to specify the attribute columns to be copied and edit the new
attribute column names in this area. Only attribute columns in the selected rows will be
merged. You must select at least one row to merge.
Column Attribute column number of input file. Click on this column to select the rows to
be merged. Middle-click to add to your selection.
Input Column Name Name of the input file attribute column. This column is not editable.
New Column Name Name of new attribute column in output file (current file). This
column contains a default name that is editable.
Overwrite An ‘X’ in this column indicates that an attribute column already exists in the
output file with the name currently in the “New Column Name” field. If you select this
attribute column to be merged, data in the existing attribute column may be overwritten. If
you click here to remove the ‘X’, a unique name is automatically generated for the new
column name. You can accept this new column name or enter another name.
OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog. This button is
disabled if no columns are selected.

Interface manual.
Tour Guides manual.
15
Colors
Colors
This dialog enables you to assign a range of colors to selected rows. If no rows are selected, the
color range is level sliced and applied to all rows.
Individual row color may be changed using the CellArray features.
Select Edit | Colors... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar to access this dialog.
Slice Method: Click on this popup list to select one of the color slice methods described
below.
See Color Level Slice for more information.
IHS Slice Colors assigned to rows are derived using the Intensity, Hue, Saturation (IHS)
color scheme. The default Start and End colors produce a standard ROYGBIV level slice
from magenta to red.
RGB slice Colors assigned to rows are derived using the Red, Green, Blue (RGB) color
scheme. The default Start and End colors produce a gray scale from black to white.
Single Color A single color is applied to the selected rows.
Slice Type: The range of color is divided into a number of discrete slices or colors
according to one of the schemes below.
By Value The number of colors is determined by dividing the number of selected rows
by the number of levels entered in the “Number of levels” number field below.
By Equal Areas The number of colors is determined using a histogram equalization

algorithm. The maximum number of slices is entered in the “Number of levels” number
field below.
Hue Variation: Click on this popup list to select one of the options described below to
determine the range of hues between the Start Color and the End Color. This popup list is
enabled only when IHS slice is selected.
Maximal Click to provide the largest number of hues. This is like taking the long route
from one color to another around the color wheel.
Minimal Click to provide the smallest number of hues. This is like taking the short route
from one color to another around the color wheel.
Start Color: Right-hold this color patch to select the color for the first slice.
End Color: Right-hold this color patch to select the color for the last slice.
16
Colors
Number of levels: Specify the number of distinct slices to be made in the specified color
range. The default is the number of rows in the file.
Apply Click to apply the selected options.
Close Click to cancel this process and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
Tour Guides manual.
17
Add Area Column
Add Area Column

This dialog enables you to add a new column to the Raster Attributes Editor containing areas
calculated from the histogram values.
Select Edit | Add Area Column... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar to access this
dialog.
Units Click on this popup list to select the type of area units to be calculated.
hectares Area will be reported in hectares.
acres Area will be reported in acres.
sqmiles Area will be reported in square miles.
Name This text field displays the default column name. You may accept it by clicking OK
or you may edit the name. You will not be permitted to use a column name that already exists.
OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
Tour Guides manual.
18
Number Format
Number Format
This dialog enables you to choose the format for displaying numeric values in the Raster Attribute
Editor.
There are three ways to open this dialog:
♦ Select Edit | Format... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar.
♦ Right-hold in the header row of the column for which you want to set the number format and
select Format... from the Column Options menu which displays.
♦ Click on the More... button in the Column Properties dialog of the Raster Attribute Editor.
Standard Formats: Click on the format to use. It will be copied to the Custom Format
field.
Default Applies the default application formatting. For the Raster Attribute Editor, this is
always the same as General.
General If the number is a whole number, the result has no decimal places. If it is not a
whole number, the result will have as many decimal places as needed. If the number
exceeds 12 digits, then scientific notation is used.
0 Numeric values are displayed as whole numbers. Rounding is performed on non-

integers.
0.00 Numeric values are displayed with two decimal places even if the data type is
integer.
#,##0 Numbers are displayed as whole numbers with commas separating the
thousands.
#,##0.00 Numbers are displayed with two decimal places with commas separating the
thousands.
$#,##0;($#,##0) Numbers are displayed as whole dollar values with commas separating
the thousands. Negative values are displayed inside parentheses.
$#,##0.00;[Red]($#,##0.00) Numbers are displayed as decimal dollar values with

commas separating the thousands. Negative values are displayed inside red
parentheses.
0% Numeric values are displayed as whole number percentages.
0.00% Numeric values are displayed with two decimal place percentages even if the
data type is integer.
19
Number Format
0.00E+00 Numbers are displayed in scientific notation to two decimal places.
m/d/yy Values are displayed as dates in month/day/year format (12/31/93). The value
is taken to be the number of seconds since 1 January 1970.
d-mmmm-yy Values are displayed as dates in day-Month-year format (31-December-

93). The value is taken to be the number of seconds since 1 January 1970.
dg mm ss N/S Values are displayed as degrees minutes seconds North or South (19
37 22 N).
dg mm ss E/W Values are displayed as degrees minutes seconds East or West (41 14
33 W).
hh:mm:ss Values are displayed as hours:minutes:seconds (20:12:37).
Custom Format: This option lets you create a customized number format by entering a
string of number format variables.
OK Click to apply the selected format.

Interface manual.
Tour Guides manual.
20
Formula
Formula
This dialog enables you to create a formula which can be applied to selected rows or columns in
the Raster Attribute Editor. You can either type the formula directly into the Formula text field,
or construct it from the other tools in this dialog.
There are three ways to open this dialog:
♦ Select Edit | Formula... from the Raster Attribute Editor menu bar.
♦ Right-hold in the header row of the column for which you want to set the number format and
select Formula... from the Column Options menu which displays.
♦ Click on the More... button in the Column Properties dialog of the Raster Attribute Editor.
Columns: Lists the columns which may be used in the formula. These names are used
to build the expression.
Functions: Lists the operators which may be used in building an expression:

row Returns the current row number. The first row is 0.
pi Provides the value of pi (3.141592...).
mod(<a>,) Modulus - the remainder when <a> is divided by .
abs(<a>) Absolute value of <a>.
int(<a>) Integer - truncate to integer part of <a>.
even(<a>) Returns a 1 if <a> is evenly divisible by 2.0. Otherwise it returns 0.
odd(<a>) Returns a 1 if <a> is not evenly divisible by 2.0. Otherwise it returns 0.
max(<a>,) Returns the larger of <a> and .
min(<a>,) Returns the smaller of <a> and .
sin(<a>) Returns the sine of <a> degrees.
cos(<a>) Returns the cosine of <a> degrees.
tan(<a>) Returns the tangent of <a> degrees.
asin(<a>) Returns the arcsine of <a> in degrees.
acos(<a>) Returns the arccosine of <a> in degrees.
atan(<a>) Returns the arctangent of <a> in degrees.
21
Formula
ln(<a>) Returns the natural logarithm of <a>.
log(<a>) Returns the common logarithm of <a>.
sqrt(<a>) Returns the square root of <a>.
convert(<a>,<from>,<to>) Returns <a> multiplied by the conversion factor which

converts from the <from> units to the <to> units. For example:
convert(3,feet,meters)
returns .9144. That is, it converted 3 feet to .9144 meters.
format(<a>) Converts a number to a character string using the General format.
format(<format>,<a>) Converts the number (the second argument) to a string using the
“Format” specified by the first argument.
Formats: Formats are described in the Number Format dialog help. These variables are
to be used as the <format> argument for the format() function.
(Numeric Keypad) The number pad works like a calculator to let you enter numerical
values into the query.
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
E Use this key to specify scientific notation.
( ) Use the parentheses to group logical expressions to show precedence, or with some
of the Operators: as shown in the syntax examples above.
[ ] Use square brackets to specify an offset to the row number. For example:
$"Histogram"[-1] references the Histogram value of the previous row.
Formula: Enter the character string defining the formula in this text field, either manually
or by using the tools in this dialog.
Clear Click to remove the text in the Formula box.
22
Formula

Interface manual.
Tour Guides manual.
23
Layer Selection
Layer Selection
This tab enables you to specify the layer number of the selected file for raster attribute editing. It
opens when you click the Select Layer tab in a file chooser dialog.
Select Layer Click on this tab to enter the layer number for raster attribute editing.
Layer Number: Enter the layer number for raster attribute editing.
Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this tab.
24
Data Viewer
Data Viewer
This dialog enables you to view the data contained in a disk file or to view the files on a tape. This
is a somewhat generic tool and requires you to be familiar with the type of data being viewed. It
may be used in conjunction with the generic data importer to import non-standard data formats
or those for which a specific data importer does not exist.
Select Tools | View Binary Data... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel or click the Data
View... button in the Import/Export dialog to access this dialog.
File Click to open files to view, save, and close the Data View utility.
New Click to start a new Data Viewer.
Open File... Click to open a disk file. The File Selector dialog is opened.
Open Tape... Click to open a tape file. The Open Tape Device dialog is opened.
Save Tape/File Structure... Click to write the displayed tape or file structure to a text
file. The File Selector dialog is opened.
Save Record... Click to write the currently displayed file record to a text file. The File
Close Click to close the Data Viewer.
Close All Click to close all open Data Viewers.
Edit Click to copy text or rewind tapes.

Copy Click to copy the selected text to a paste buffer. The text in the paste buffer may
then be pasted into a Text Editor document.
Rewind Click to rewind the tape to the beginning (if the media is tape).
The tape is automatically rewound at the end of the last record of the last file.
Define Data Structure... Click to open the Define Data Structure dialog, which allows
you to define a structure to be used as a template for the data. Normally, DataView
displays data as one of several homogeneous data types. That is, it will display the data
as a set of 1 byte integers, or 4 byte integers, or IEEE Floating Point numbers, etc.
However, in real world cases, the information contained in a file is not this way - it is
typically a collection of reals, integers, strings, etc. Defining a data structure allows you to
create a description of data that matches the information in a file format document and
then interpret the data in the file as that type. This is a very useful tool for anyone writing
an importer for a new type of data.
25
Data Viewer
Help Click to view this On-Line Help document.
Click to open a file for examination. This is the same as selecting File | Open File...
from the menu bar. The File Selector dialog is opened.
Click to create a new Data Viewer. This is the same as selecting File | New from the
menu bar.
Click to copy the currently selected text. This is the same as selecting Edit | Copy from
the menu bar.
Click to rewind the tape. This is the same as selecting Edit | Rewind in the menu bar.
The tape is automatically rewound at the end of the last record of the last file.
Tape/File Structure: This area displays the file structure of the tape.
File: Set the number of the file on tape. This option is active only when viewing tape
contents.
Record: Set or view the number of the current record.
Record Size: Set or view the size of the current record. This value may be changed only
when viewing file contents.
Offset: Set the offset from the start of the current record. This option is active only when
viewing file contents.
Auto Scan Click to enable or disable automatic scanning of the tape. This option is
disabled when viewing file contents. See Automatic Tape Scanning below.
Data Type: Click on this popup list to select the appropriate data type to be displayed.
Format: Click on this popup list to select the format in which to display integer data. This
popup list is disabled when one of the character data types is selected. Typically, one may
want to look at integers as decimal values, as long as the values represent common numbers
or measures. However, integer values often times contain packed bit fields of information. In
this case, a binary, octal, or hexadecimal representation is more useful. The formats are:
26
Data Viewer
Binary Display number composed of the binary digits 0 and 1. Each digit represents a
single bit in the data.
Octal Display number composed of the octal digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Each digit represents
three bits in the data.
Hex Display number composed of the hexadecimal digits 0,1,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F.

Each digit represents four bits in the data.
Decimal Display number composed of the decimal digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9. Each digit
does not correspond to a number of bits because 10 (the base of decimal numbers) is not
a power of two as in the cases of Binary (2^1), Octal (2^3), Hex (2^4).
Byte Order: Click on this popup list to select the appropriate byte order. For 16- or 32-bit
data you may select Intel or Motorola formats.
Intel Least significant byte first.
Motorola Most significant byte first.
(record contents) This area displays the contents of the current record.
Automatic Tape Scanning
Each record of each file may be automatically scanned and its size is reported in the Tape
Structure window. At any time you may click the Auto Scan button again to suspend automatic
scanning. The contents of the record at which scanning is suspended are displayed in the record
contents window.
If the End-of-Media mark is read, the tape is automatically rewound.
Interface manual.
27
Open Tape Device
Open Tape Device

This dialog provides access to configured tape devices. Tape devices may be set up using the
Configuration Editor dialog, which is accessible from the Session menu.
Select File | Open Tape... from the Data Viewer menu bar to access this dialog.
Tape Device: Click on an entry to select a tape device from this list.
OK Click to open the selected tape device for examination and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
28
Define Data Structure

This dialog is used to define the contents of a data structure to be used when viewing data. Each
structure is defined as one or more fields which may contain one or more occurances of a given
data type. For example, a field could be 10 ASCII characters, or 2 Signed 16 bit quantities. Each
field is named for convenience. Once a structure is defined, it is used whenever the data type in
the main dialog is set to "Structure". The structure definition may be saved to and loaded from
.str files.
This dialog opens when you select Edit | Define Data Structure... in the Data Viewer menu bar.
Variable Definition:
Name: Enter the name of the structure field currently being defined.
Data Type: The type of data in the current field. Click on the popup list to select one of
the following:
ASCII Simple ascii characters, 1 byte each.
EBCDIC EBCDIC (an old IBM character encoding) characters, 1 byte each.
Unsigned 8 bit Numeric 8 bit value (0..255), 1 byte each.
Signed 8 bit Numeric 8 bit value (-128..127), 1 byte each.
Unsigned 16 bit Numeric 16 bit integer value (0..65535), 2 bytes each.
Signed 16 bit Numeric 16 bit integer value (-32768..32767), 2 bytes each.
Unsigned 32 bit Numeric 32 bit integer value (0..4294967295), 4 bytes each.
Signed 32 bit Numeric 32 bit integer value (-2147483648..2147483647), 4 bytes

each.
IEEE 32 bit Float IEEE Floating point number single precision, 4 bytes each.
IEEE 64 bit Float IEEE Floating point number double precision, 8 bytes each.
VAX 32 bit Float VAX Floating point number single precison, 4 bytes each.
VAX 64 bit Float VAX Floating point number double presicion, 8 bytes each.
Format: For the integer "Data Type", this is used to control the display format, as
described in the Data Viewer dialog. Click on the popup list to select one of the following:
Binary Display number composed of the binary digits 0 and 1. Each digit represents
a single bit in the data.
29
Octal Display number composed of the octal digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Each digit
represents three bits in the data.
Hex Display number composed of the hexadecimal digits 0,1,3,4,5,6,7,

8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F. Each digit represents four bits in the data.
Decimal Display number composed of the decimal digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9. Each
digit does not correspond to a number of bits because 10 (the base of decimal
numbers) is not a power of two as in the cases of Binary (2^1), Octal (2^3), Hex (2^4).
Count: Enter the number of occurances of this data type. For an integer or a float, this
is most often 1. For a character type, this is usually larger than 1.
Insert Click on this button to enter this field definition into the current structure.
Delete Click on this button to delete the currently highlighted field definition.
Clear Click on this button to clear the entire structure definition.
Stucture Listing This lists the fields, their names, and their types for the current structure
definition.
OK Click to accept your changes and close this dialog. This uses the defined structure as
the current structure definition for DataView.
Cancel Click to cancel the operation, leaving the current structure definition unchanged.
Save... Clicking on this button displays a dialog which allows the user to save the current
definition as an ASCII text file with an .STR extension.
Load... Clicking on this button displays a dialog which allows the user to load a structure
definition from an ASCII text file with an .STR extension.
Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.
30
Hierarchical File Viewer

Many files created by ERDAS IMAGINE are stored in a hierarchical file architecture (HFA)
format. This format allows any number of different types of data elements to be stored in the file
in a tree-structured fashion. This tree is built of nodes which contain a variety of types of data.
The contents of the nodes can be viewed using this utility. Some of the files stored in this format
include: .img, .aoi, .cff, .fft, .gcc, .ovr, .sig, and .sml.
This utility is often used to view ephemeris data in imported files.
Select Tools | View IMAGINE HFA File Structure... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel to
access this dialog.
File Click to open files to view, save file contents, and close this dialog.
New Click to create a new HfaView.
Open... Click to open a file. A File Selector dialog is opened.
Save Node Contents... Click to write the contents of a node to an ASCII file.A File
Close Click to quit HfaView.
Close All Click to close all open HfaViews.
Edit Click to search for a particular string or to copy text.

Search... Click to search the currently displayed node contents for a text or number
string. The Text Search dialog is opened.
Copy Click to copy the currently selected text. Copied text may be pasted into a Text
Editor document.
Click to open a file. A File Selector dialog is opened. This is the same as selecting File
| Open... from the menu bar.
Click to create a new HfaView. This is the same as selecting File | New from the menu
bar.
31
Click to write the contents of a node to an ASCII file.A File Selector dialog is opened.
This is the same as selecting File | Save Node Contents... from the menu bar.
Click to display children of the selected node.
Click to display the parent node of the Node List.Node.
Click to go to the previous node in the list.
Click to go to the next node in the list.
Click to search the currently displayed node contents for a text or number string. The
Text Search dialog is opened. This is the same as selecting Edit | Search... from the menu
bar.
Node List: The children of the node currently displayed in the Node: window are listed
here.
Node Contents: The contents of the selected node are displayed in this window.
Node: The parent names of the currently selected node are displayed in this window.
Interface manual.
➲ For more information about the HFA file format, see the “File Formats and Extensions”
Appendix in the ERDAS Field Guide.
32
Text Search
Text Search
This dialog enables you to search for a text string in the currently displayed Node Contents. This
may be useful for locating certain class names, for example.
Select Edit | Search... from the Hierarchical File Viewer menu bar or click the icon on the
tool bar to access this dialog.
Search for: Enter the string for which you want to search and press Return on your
keyboard.
OK Click to find and highlight the next occurrence of the string. Successive clicks on this
button will find successive occurrences. At the end of the node contents, the search wraps to
the beginning.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information about the HFA file format, see the “File Formats and Extensions”
Appendix in the ERDAS Field Guide.
33
ImageInfo
ImageInfo
This dialog enables you to view and edit many elements of a raster image file (.img), including
statistics, map information, and projection information.
☞ This information should be modified with caution because ERDAS IMAGINE programs use
this information for data input. If it is incorrect, there will be errors in the output data for these
programs. Changes are automatically applied immediately. You are not prompted before the
file is changed.
Select Tools | Image Information... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel or select
Utility | Layer Info... from the Viewer menu bar to access this dialog.
File Click to access the File options menu that allows you to open images, print, and close
this dialog. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-f.
Open ... Click to open a file. The File Selector dialog is opened.
New ... Click to create a new ImageInfo dialog.
Print Options ... Click to set up print parameters. The Print Info dialog is opened.
Print Click to print using the Print Options set in the Print Info dialog. The Print dialog
is opened.
Close Click to quit this ImageInfo dialog.
Close all Click to quit all ImageInfo dialogs.
Edit Click to access the Edit options menu in order to modify file information. These options
are disabled if you do not have write permissions to the file. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-e.
Change Layer Name ... Click to change the name of a layer. The Rename Layer dialog
is opened.
Change Layer Type Click to change the current layer type to continuous if it is thematic
or to thematic if it is continuous.
This may be necessary if you want to perform a function on a layer that is available only
to certain layer types, such as recoding, which can be performed only on thematic layers.
34
ImageInfo
Note: In order to change a continuous file to thematic, the following conditions must be
true:
♦ You must have write access to the file

♦ The file must have exactly one layer
♦ The data type of the layer must be an unsigned integer type
♦ Statistics must have been computed using a 1,1 skip factor
♦ Statistics must have been computed using a direct bin function
♦ The raster DLL for the file must support thematic files
i When a continuous file is changed to thematic in ImageInfo, statistics are recalculated using
a skip factor of 1 so that all data values present in the file are accounted for. The Skip Factor
is shown in the ImageInfo dialog as Skip Factor X and Skip Factor Y. Previous versions of
ERDAS IMAGINE allowed files to be changed to thematic without statistics being recalcu-
lated. These files may cause problems in some Image Interpreter functions such as Matrix
and Summary.
If you have files such as this, you may need to manually recompute statistics using ImageInfo
before using these files as input to Matrix or Summary.
Delete Current Layer Click to remove any layer except the last one.
Compute Statistics ... Click to compute statistics on specific regions or layers of the
image file. The Statistics Generation Options dialog is opened.
Compute Pyramid Layers... Click to create reduced subsampled raster layers. Using
the pyramid layer option reduces processing and display time for large images. The
Compute Pyramid Layers dialog is opened.
Delete Pyramid Layers Click to remove the pyramid layers.
Change Map Model ... Click to modify map information (non-calibrated images only).
The Change Map Info dialog is opened.
Delete Map Model Click to remove map model
Add/Change Projection ... Click to modify the map projection information. The
Projection Chooser dialog is opened.
This option should be used only to change projection information that is incorrect due to
importing or other errors. You must use the regular rectification procedures to
georeference an ungeoreferenced file.
35
ImageInfo
Note: You must first remove any existing map projection information by selecting Edit |
Delete Projection from the ImageInfo menu bar.Then you must add the new projection
information to the Map Info record with Edit | Add/Change Projection....
Delete Projection ... Click to remove projection information.
Raster Attribute Editor... Click to modify raster attributes. The Raster Attribute Editor
dialog is opened.
View Click to access the View options menu that allows you to view histograms and pixels.
The keyboard shortcut is Meta-v.
Histogram... Click to view or print a histogram. The Histogram dialog is opened.
Pixels... Click to view pixel data. The Pixel Data dialog is opened, showing all the data
file values for the current layer.
Help Click to see this On-Line Help document. The keyboard shortcut is Meta-h.
Click to open an .img file for viewing the information. This is the same as selecting File
| Open... from the menu bar. The File Selector dialog is opened.
Click to start a new ImageInfo window. This is the same as selecting File | New... from
the menu bar.
Click to print information to the selected printer. This is the same as selecting File |
Print from the menu bar.
Click to compute the statistics on the current file. This is the same as selecting Edit |
Compute Statistics... from the menu bar. The Statistics Generation Options dialog is
opened.
Click to display the histogram of the current layer. This is the same as selecting
View | Histogram... from the menu bar. The Histogram dialog is opened.
(current layer number) The numeric value of the current layer is displayed in this
number field. Change the value in this field to view another layer.
36
ImageInfo
(current layer name) The name of the current layer is displayed in this popup list. You
may select the layer to view from this popup list.
File Info: This group shows you basic information about the file.
The file name is displayed in parentheses next to the dialog title.
Layer Name: Shows the name of the currently selected layer.
Last Modified: Shows the last modification date for the layer.
Number of Layers: Shows the number of layers in this file.
Layer Info: This group of information tells you about the layer that you have selected
above.
Width: Shows the width (X dimension) of the layer in pixels.
Height: Shows the height (Y dimension) of the layer in pixels.
Type: Shows the layer type as either Thematic or Continuous.
The layer type can be changed by selecting Edit | Change Layer Type in the menu bar.
Block Width: Shows the block width of the selected layer. The block size can affect
processing and display time. The ERDAS IMAGINE default block width is 64.
Block Height: Shows the block height of the selected layer. The block size can affect
processing and display time.The ERDAS IMAGINE default block height is 64.
Data Type: Shows the data type of the selected layer. The data type determines the
range and precision of the file values in the raster layer.
Compression: Shows whether or not the layer is in compressed format. This will read
either None or Run Length. A file can be compressed with run length encoding if it is
imported to IMAGINE.
You cannot view JPEG compressed images in the Image Info dialog.
Pyramid Layers: Shows whether pyramid layers have been created. Pyramid layers
are Present or Absent.
Statistics Info: This group of information is based on statistics that are calculated from
the file values of the pixels in the layer.
This information can be created or edited by selecting the Edit | Compute Statistics... option
of the menu bar.
37
ImageInfo
Min: Reports the minimum (lowest) file value.
Max: Reports the maximum (highest) file value.
Mean: Reports the mean (average) file value.
Median: Reports the median of the file values (point at which there as many pixels
greater as lesser).
Mode: Reports the mode (most frequently occurring) among the file values.
Std. Dev: Reports the standard deviation, a statistical indication of the spread of the
data.
Skip Factor X: The X skip factor used to compute the statistics is reported.
Skip Factor Y: The Y skip factor used to compute the statistics is reported.
Last Modified: Shows the date and time that statistics were last rebuilt.
Map Info: This group shows information about the map system associated with a layer.
The way this information is viewed is based on the status of the check box.
File If the check box is not depressed, ULX, ULY represents the map coordinates of layer
pixel 0, 0. LRX, LRY represents the map coordinates of layer pixel W-1, H-1, where W and
H are the width and height of the layer (in pixels) respectively. If the image layer has been
rectified with its associated map system, the pixel size X, Y will represent the width and
height of a layer pixel in map units. If the image layer has not been rectified with its
associated map system, the pixel size X, Y is not applicable.
View If the check box is depressed, ULX, ULY and LRX, LRY define the map coordinates
of the upper left and lower right pixels of the entire image layer viewed in its map system
(rectified). The pixel size X, Y are determined by first finding the map bounding box of the
image in its map space and then computing a pixel size that would allow the image layer
to be viewed in map space by using the same number of pixels that are in the original
image layer. Once the pixel size is determined, the upper left and lower right corners of
the map bounding box are offset by one half of a pixel in both coordinate dimensions to
compute the ULX, ULY, LRX and LRY that are shown. All of this information is used by the
Viewer to display the image when the Orient Image to Map System checkbox in the
Raster Options tab of the Viewer's file chooser is depressed.
For rectified image layers, the File and View information will be identical. For image layers that
are not associated with any geographic map system, a pixel map system is used so that
IMAGINE applications can always deal in map units. In these cases, the File and View
information will be identical except that the pixel size will not be applicable to the File
information as an indication that a pixel map system has been constructed as a default.
38
ImageInfo
Even if the fields are disabled, you can change this information once you select a map
projection. Select Edit | Change Mapinfo... from the menu bar.
Upper Left X: Shows the X map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file.
Upper Left Y: Shows the Y map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file.
Lower Right X: Shows the X map coordinate of the center of the lower right pixel in the
file.
Lower Right Y: Shows the Y map coordinate of the center of the lower right pixel in the
file.
Pixel Size X: Shows the geographical area, in map units, represented by each pixel in
the X (horizontal) direction.
Pixel Size Y: Shows the geographical area, in map units, represented by each pixel in
the Y (vertical) direction.
Unit: Shows the map units used.
Projection Info: This group of information tells about the map projection used on the file.
If the file is not georeferenced, then these fields are disabled.
Even if the fields are disabled, you can change this information once you select a map
projection. Select Edit | Add/Change Projection... from the menu bar.
Georeferenced to: Shows the map projection used for this file.
Spheroid: Shows the spheroid used.
Zone Number: If the projection is State Plane, the zone number is shown here.
Datum: Shows the datum used.
Projection This tab edits the projection information if it’s present in the image.
Histogram This tab shows the image histogram without the need to open a second dialog.
Bin Function : Displayed histogramsbinfunction'
Print Print this histogram on a Windows printer
Pixel data
39
ImageInfo
Interface manual.
➲ See the “File Formats and Extensions” Appendix in the ERDAS Field Guide for more
information on data stored in .img files.
40
Print Options (Image Info)
Print Options (Image Info)

This dialog enables you to select the type of information that will be printed when you select File
| Print or when you click the Print icon on the tool bar of the Image Info dialog.
Select File | Print Options... from the Image Info menu bar to access this dialog.
Print: Select one or more of the Info fields to print. The File Info and Layer Info fields are
always printed.
Statistics Click to print the Statistics Info field.
Projection Info Click to print the Projection Info field.
Map Info Click to print the Map Info field.
Histogram Click to print the histogram of the selected layer(s).
File type: Select one of the two options below:

Text Click to send ASCII text to the selected printer.
Postscript (UNIX only) Click to send a PostScript file to the selected printer.
Graphics (Windows only) Click to send a file containing a graphical illustration to the
selected printer.
Layers: Select which layers to print.

Current Click to print information about only the current layer.
All Click to print information about all layers in the file.
OK Click to set these parameters and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
41
Rename Layer
Rename Layer
This dialog enables you to change the name of the current raster layer of an .img file.
Select Edit | Change Layer Name... from the Image Info menu bar to access this dialog.
New Layer Name: Enter a new layer name here.
OK Click to change the layer name and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
42
Statistics Generation Options

This dialog enables you to create or rebuild statistics for a raster layer(s). When you generate
statistics, you have the option to include zeros and the option to generate statistics for all of the
raster layers in the .img file.
Select Edit | Compute Statistics... from the ImageInfo menu bar or click the icon on the
tool bar to access this dialog.
Calculate on all Layers Click to calculate statistics for all layers. If this check box is not
selected, only the current layer statistics are computed.
Ignore Value: Click to ignore a value in the statistics computation.
(Value to Ignore) Enter the value to ignore. The default value to ignore is zero.
Skip Factor X: Enter the X skip factor to use when computing statistics.
Skip Factor Y: Enter the Y skip factor to use when computing statistics.
Bin Type: This group allows you to define the bin function and number of bins. The bin
function establishes the relationship between data values and rows in the descriptor table.
Bin Function You may select a bin function other than the one used in the original
binning. If you select a non-default bin function and there are other bin-dependent
attributes, you will be prompted before those attributes are deleted.
Default Select this option to use the same bin function that was originally used to
generate statistics.
Direct In direct binning, there is one bin per integer value. This method is normally
used for 1, 2, 4, and 8-bit integer data.
Linear Linear binning establishes a linear mapping between data values and bin
numbers.
Log Log binning establishes a logarithmic mapping between data values and bin
numbers.
☞ The viewer does not support the logarithmic bin function.

#Bins If a bin function other than Direct is selected, you may enter the number of bins
to create.
43
Use AOI... Click to calculate statistics on an Area of Interest. The Choose AOI dialog is
opened from which you may select the source of the AOI.

Interface manual.
44
Compute Pyramid Layers
Compute Pyramid Layers

This dialog enables you to create pyramid layers for the current layer in Image Info. It opens
when you select Edit | Compute Pyramid Layers... in the Image Info dialog.
Pyramid Layers Option: Set the parameters for pyramid creation.

Kernel Size: Click on this popup list to select the size kernel to use to generate pyramid
layers.
2X2 A 2 x 2 kernel will be used to create pyramid layers.
4X4 A 4 x 4 kernel will be used to create pyramid layers.

External File Activate this checkbox to place pyramid layers in an external file.
OK Click to compute pyramid layers and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information about pyramid layers, see the “Image Display” chapter in the ERDAS
Field Guide.
45
Change Map Info
Change Map Info

This dialog enables you to change map information. To use this dialog, there must already be a
map projection associated with the data by rectifying the data to a map coordinate system.
Select Edit | Change Map Model... from the Image Info menu bar to access this dialog.
Upper Left X: Enter the X map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file.
Upper Left Y: Enter the Y map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file.
Pixel Size X: Enter the number of map units represented by each pixel in the X
(horizontal) direction.
Pixel Size Y: Enter the number of map units represented by each pixel in the Y (vertical)
direction.
Units: Click on this popup list to select the type of map units from the following options:
Meters, Feet, Inches, Centimeters, Points, Other. The pixel size above expresses geographic
area in these map units.
Projection: Click on this popup list to select the map projection to use.

Interface manual.
➲ For an alphabetical list of which datums are applicable to particular areas, see Spheroids
and Datums.
➲ For more information on the map projections available in ERDAS IMAGINE, see the “Map
Projections” Appendix of the ERDAS Field Guide.
➲ For more information about rectification, see the “Rectification” chapter of the ERDAS Field
Guide or the Rectification section of the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual.
46
Histogram
Histogram
This dialog graphically displays the histogram for the current layer. When the cursor is placed
inside the histogram, vertical lines are displayed at the Max, Min, and Mean points of the
histogram and the bin number and value are displayed for the current cursor location.
Select View | Histogram... in the Image Info menu bar or click the icon on the tool bar to
open this dialog.
Bin Function: The bin function for the histogram is displayed here.
(histogram) This window graphically displays the histogram of the current layer.
Print Click to output this histogram to the defined printer in the Print Info dialog. In addition
to the histogram, the file and layer information are also printed.

Interface manual.
47
Pixel data
Pixel data
This dialog enables you to view the data file values of the file currently open in Image Info. This
dialog is opened when you select View | Pixels... in the Image Info menu bar.
(CellArray) The data file values in the layer are displayed in an ERDAS IMAGINE
CellArray.

Interface manual.
48
Image Commands
Image Commands
This dialog enables you to view and edit many elements of a raster image file (.img), including
statistics, map information, and projection information.
☞ This information should be modified with caution because ERDAS IMAGINE programs use
this information for data input. If it is incorrect, there will be errors in the output data for these
programs. Changes are automatically applied immediately. You are not prompted before the
file is changed.
Image File: Enter the name of the image file or click the file open icon.
Click to open an .img file for viewing the information. This is the same as selecting File
| Open... from the menu bar. The File Selector dialog is opened.
Change Raster Type The range and the type of numbers used in a raster layer
determine how the layer is displayed and processed. For example, a raster layer of elevation
data with values ranging from -51.257 to 553.401 would be treated differently from a layer
using only two values to show land and water. You can change the raster type into these
categories:
Continuous Likewise, interval and ratio data are more likely to measure a condition,
causing the file values to represent continuous gradations across the layer. Such layers
are sometimes called continuous.
Thematic Nominal and ordinal data lend themselves to applications in which categories,
or themes, are used. Therefore, we sometimes call these variables categorical or
thematic.
Compute Statistics Select this option to compute statistics on specific regions or layers
of the specified image file.
Options... Click this button to open the Statistics Generation Options dialog.
Compute Pyramid Layers Select this option to create reduced subsampled raster
layers to enhance performance of zoom operations.
Options... Click this button to open the Pyramid Layers Options dialog.
Delete Pyramid Layers Select this option to remove the pyramid layers.
Change Map Model Select this option to modify map information (non-calibrated
images only).
49
Image Commands
Options... Click this button to open the Map Info Options dialog.
Delete Map Model Select this option to remove map model
Map Model to World File Select this option to create a world file from the contents of
the map info node of the current image.
Change Map Projection Select this option to modify the map projection information.
Options... Click this button to open the Map Projection Options dialog.
Delete Map Projection Select this option to remove projection information.
OK Click the OK button to compute the operation
Batch Click here to add this function to a batch file.
Cancel Click here to cancel the operation.
Help Click the Help button to display this help file.
50

This dialog enables you to create or rebuild statistics for a raster layer(s). When you generate
statistics, you have the option to include zeros and the option to generate statistics for all of the
raster layers in the .img file.
To access this dialog...
Ignore Value: Click to ignore a value in the statistics computation.
(Value to Ignore) Enter the value to ignore. The default value to ignore is zero.
Skip Factor X: Enter the X skip factor to use when computing statistics.
Skip Factor Y: Enter the Y skip factor to use when computing statistics.
Bin Type: This group allows you to define the bin function and number of bins. The bin
function establishes the relationship between data values and rows in the descriptor table.
Bin Function You may select a bin function other than the one used in the original
binning. If you select a non-default bin function and there are other bin-dependent
attributes, you will be prompted before those attributes are deleted.
Default Select this option to use the same bin function that was originally used to
generate statistics.
Direct In direct binning, there is one bin per integer value. This method is normally
used for 1, 2, 4, and 8-bit integer data.
Linear Linear binning establishes a linear mapping between data values and bin
numbers.
Log Log binning establishes a logarithmic mapping between data values and bin
numbers.
☞ The viewer does not support the logarithmic bin function.

#Bins If a bin function other than Direct is selected, you may enter the number of bins
to create.
Use AOI... Click to calculate statistics on an Area of Interest. The Choose AOI dialog is
opened from which you may select the source of the AOI.
51

Interface manual.
52
Map Info Options
Map Info Options

Use this dialog to change your map information. There must be a map projection associated with
the data by rectifying this data to a map coordinate system. From the Image Commands:
dialog, display the Map Info Options dialog by activating the checkbox next to Change Map
Model and clicking on the Options... button.
Upper Left X: Enter the X map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file
Upper Left Y: Enter the Y map coordinate of the center of the upper left pixel in the file.
Pixel Size X: Enter the number of map units represented by each pixel in the X
(horizontal) direction.
Pixel Size Y: Enter the number of map units represented by each pixel in the Y (vertical)
direction.
Units: Click on this popup list to select the type of map units from the following options:
Meters, Feet, Inches, Centimeters, Points, Other. The pixel size above expresses geographic
area in these map units.
Projection: Click on this popup list to select the map projection to use.
53
Map Projection Options
Map Projection Options

This dialog allows you to set the map projection information for geographic data.
Categories: Select the projection category from this popup list. This is the name of a
library in which the projection is saved.
Projection: Select the name of the projection from the scrolling list. The number in
parentheses is the State Plane Zone.
OK Click to perform the operation with the current specifications.
Cancel Click to cancel the operation and close the dialog.
Help Click to display this On-Line Help document.
54
Pyramid Layers Options
Pyramid Layers Options

You can create pyramid layers for the current layer with this dialog from the Image Commands
dialog. The dialog opens when you activate the Compute Pyramid Layers checkbox and click
on the Options... button. Using pyramid layers reduces processing and display time for large
images.
Pyramid Layer Options Set the parameters for pyramid creation by providing the
following information:
Kernel Size: Click on this popup list to select the kernel size for generating pyramid
layers.
2X2 Use a 2 x 2 kernel to create pyramid layers.
4X4 Use a 4 x 4 kernel to create pyramid layers.
External File Activate the checkbox to place the pyramid layers in an external file.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close the dialog.
OK Click to accept pyramid options and close this dialog.
Help Click to see on-line on this dialog.
55
Coordinate Calculator
The Coordinate Calculator is a utility that enables you to convert ground control coordinates
from one map projection, spheroid, or datum to another.
To access this dialog, select Tools | Coordinate Calculator... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon
panel menu bar.
File Click for options to open new Coordinate Calculator windows, load ground control point
files, save, and close.
New Click to open a new Coordinate Calculator window.
Load... Click to load an IMAGINE ground control coordinate file (.gcc extension). The
Load dialog is opened.
Compute Point Grid... Click to compute a point grid for a selected file to be used for
image reprojection. The Compute Point Grid dialog is opened.
Save Click to save the output coordinates to the original file name.
Save As... Click to save the output coordinates to a new file name. The Save As dialog
is opened.
Close Click to close this Coordinate Calculator window.
Edit Click to access edit options.

Cut Click to delete the current selection.
Copy Click to copy the currently selected columns to a paste buffer.
Paste Click to paste the contents of the buffer into the selected columns.
Select All Columns Click to select all columns.
Deselect All Columns Click to deselect all selected columns.
Select All Rows Click to select all rows.
Deselect All Rows Click to deselect all selected rows.
Select Rows by Criteria... Click to select rows by criteria. The Select Criteria dialog is
opened.
Projection Click to specify input and output projections.

Clear Input Projection Click to remove the input projection parameters.
56
Set Input Projection and Units... Click to set up the input projection parameters. The
Input Projection and Units Setup dialog is opened.
Clear Output Projection Click to remove the output projection parameters.
Set Output Projection... Click to set up the output projection parameters. The Output
Projection and Units Setup is opened.

Help for CoordCalc Display Help for the Coordinate Calculator
Show Version...
Click to load an IMAGINE .gcc file into the Coordinate Calculator window. The Load
dialog opens.
Click to open a new Coordinate Calculator window.
Click to compute a point grid from an image file. The Compute Point Grid dialog
opens.
Click to print the information in the selected columns.
Click to copy the selected columns.
Click to paste the contents of the paste buffer.
Input: The input map projection is reported.
Output: The output map projection is reported.
(CellArray) The input and output coordinates are shown in an IMAGINE CellArray.
Coordinate Name Shows the name of each coordinate in the input file.
57
Input X Shows the X coordinate of the point from the input file.
Input Y Shows the Y coordinate of the point from the input file.
Output X Shows the converted X coordinate of the point.
Output Y Shows the converted Y coordinate of the point.
Interface manual.
58
Load
Load
This dialog enables you to load coordinates from an IMAGINE .gcc (ground control coordinate)
file into the input columns of the Coordinate Calculator CellArray.
NOTE: ASCII text files can be loaded using the CellArray Column options.
To access this dialog, select File | Load... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar or click the
icon on the tool bar.
Load File: Select the file to load. The default file extension is .gcc.
New Points Should Specify whether new points should overwrite or be appended to
existing points.
Overwrite Current Points Click to overwrite the existing ground control points.
Append After Current Points Click to append the points to the existing ground control
points.
OK Click to load the points from the selected file into the Coordinate Calculator window and
close this dialog.

Interface manual.
59
Compute Point Grid
Compute Point Grid

This dialog enables you to create a point grid for images. You have the option to save these
points to a .gcc (ground control coordinate) file. After the grid points are calculated, the CellArray
is populated with the point values.
To access this dialog, select File | Compute Point Grid... from the Coordinate Calculator
menu bar.
Image File: Select the file for which to create a point grid. The default file extension is
.img.
New Points Should Specify whether new points should overwrite or be appended to
existing points.
Overwrite Current Points Click to overwrite the existing ground control points.
Append After Current Points Click to append the points to the existing ground control
points.
Grid Density
X: Set the number of columns to be used for the grid. The default is 8.
Y: Set the number of rows to be used for the grid. The default is 8.
OK Click to create a point grid for the selected file and close this dialog. The grid points will
be displayed in the Coordinate Calculator CellArray.

Interface manual.
60
Save As
Save As
This dialog enables you to save the converted coordinates to a new file.
To access this dialog, select File | Save As... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar.
Save Output Coords As: Enter the name of the file to be saved. The .gcc extension
will be added automatically.
OK Click to save the file and close this dialog.

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61
Input Projection and Units Setup
Input Projection and Units Setup

This dialog displays current projection information for the input file and allows you to change the
map units. It also provides access to the Projection Chooser where you may change the input
file projection. This dialog is opened when you select Projection | Set Input Projection and
Units... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar.
Current Input Projection: Projection information about the input file is displayed in the
following fields.
Projection:
Spheroid:
Zone Number:
Datum:
Set Input Projection... Click to open the Projection Chooser to change the projection.
Map Units: Select the new map units from the popup list.
OK Click to apply the new projection and map units and close the dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel this operation and close the dialog
Help Click to display this help file.
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Output Projection and Units Setup
Output Projection and Units Setup

This dialog displays current projection information for the output file and allows you to change
the map units. It also provides access to the Projection Chooser where you may change the
output file projection. This dialog is opened when you select Projection | Set Output Projection
and Units... from the Coordinate Calculator menu bar.
Current Output Projection: Projection information about the output file is displayed
in the following fields.
Projection:
Spheroid:
Zone Number:
Datum:
Set Output Projection... Click to open the Projection Chooser to change the
projection.
Map Units: Select the new map units from the popup list.
OK Click to apply the new projection and map units and close the dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel this operation and close the dialog
Help Click to display this help file.
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Movie
Movie
The Movie utility enables you to view a series of frames (images) in succession. You can vary
the speed at which the images are displayed by selecting the number of frames per second.
These frames are stored in an .mov file that is created with the Edit | Create/Edit Sequence
option in this dialog’s menu bar. All frames that you include in a movie sequence should contain
contrast tables for the best results.
If you have an image that is already loaded into a movie sequence and that image is changed,
then select Edit | Edit Sequence from the menu bar. Then select Edit | Apply Changes from
the CellArray menu bar.
This dialog is opened when you left-hold Tools | Create/Display Movie Sequences... from the
ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.
File Click to open and save .mov files and close the Movie utility.
If you are using the Movie utility for the first time, left-hold Edit | Create/Edit Sequence to
create a .mov file containing the frames that you want in the sequence.
Open... Click to open a new movie file (.mov extension). The File Selector dialog is
opened.
New Movie... Click to open a new Movie Viewer.
New Slide Show... Click to open a new Slide Show Viewer.
Save... Click to save the current movie sequence.
☞ Windows or dialogs overlapping the VirtualGIS window when creating a movie from the
VirtualGIS Viewer may corrupt the final output.
Save As... Click to save the current movie sequence as a new file. The Save Sequence
dialog is opened.
Close Click to close this movie sequence.
Close All Click to close all movie sequences.
Edit Click to edit the current movie sequence.

Create/Edit Sequence Click to create or edit a sequence of frames. The Movie Edit
dialog is opened.
Set View Area... Click to set the view extent of the frames in the sequence. The Set
View Area dialog is opened.
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Movie
Reset View Area Click to reset the view extent of the frames to the default, which is a
magnification of one (one file pixel equals one screen pixel).
Fit Window To Image Click to resize the window to fit the frames in the sequence.
If you have selected Set View Area... prior to selecting this option, then that view area is
maintained.
Fit Image To Window Click to resize the frames to fit the window.
If you have selected Set View Area... prior selecting this option, then that view area will
not be maintained.
Motion Click to control the motion of the movie.

i (Windows 95 only) The Media Player may freeze when displaying AVI movies created with a
video compressor. If this occurs, record the AVI movie with Full Frames or download the
Microsoft Active Movie application from the Microsoft web site.
Play Click to start the movie sequence.
Stop Click to stop the movie sequence.
Forward Frame Click to move one frame forward in the sequence.
Reverse Frame Click to move one frame backward in the sequence.
Click to open a new movie file (.mov extension). The File Selector dialog is opened.
Click to save the current movie sequence.
Click to start the movie sequence.
Click to go to the next frame in the sequence.
Click to go to the previous frame in the sequence.
Click to stop the movie sequence.
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Movie
Click to pause the movie sequence on the current frame. Click again to re-start the
movie.
Frame #: The currently displayed frame is reported. Change this number to display a
particular frame number. You can view frame numbers in the Movie Edit dialog (select
Edit | Create/Edit Sequence).
Speed: Enter the rate at which to display the frames. The default is 8.
If you selected New Movie ... from the File menu, the rate units are frames per second (F/S).
f you selected New Slide Show... from the File menu, the rate units are seconds per frame
(S/F).
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Save Sequence
Save Sequence
This dialog enables you to save a movie sequence as a new file. It opens when you select File
| Save As... from the Movie menu bar.
Input Sequence File: Enter the name of the new movie file. The default file extension
is .mov.
Save Full File Paths Click to save the full path names of all frames (images) in the
sequence. By default this option is selected (on).
If you do not save the full file paths, then the .mov file must be in the same directory as the
images.
OK Click to save the sequence file and close this dialog.
Help Click to see this On-Line Help file.

Interface manual.
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Movie Edit
Movie Edit
This dialog consists of a CellArray that enables you to create or edit a movie sequence by adding
frames (images) and arranging the order of those frames. If you are creating a new movie
sequence, first select Edit | Add Frame... from this dialog’s menu bar to start adding frames to
the sequence.
After a frame is added, deleted, or the order of frames is changed, you must select
Edit | Apply Changes to make the change to the .mov file.
This dialog opens when you select Edit | Create/Edit Sequence... from the Movie menu bar.
File Click to close this dialog.

Edit Click to add frames, delete frames, or rearrange frames.

Apply Changes Click to apply any changes made to the CellArray to the .mov file. Until
this option is selected, no changes are made to the .mov file.
You must also select this option if an image contained in the sequence has been updated
or changed.
Delete Frame Click to delete the selected frame from the movie sequence.
Add Frame... Click to add a frame(s) to the movie sequence. The Add Frame to Movie
dialog is opened.
If you want to add a frame above or below a selected frame, move the current image arrow
(>) to that image before selecting this option.
Move Up Click to move the selected frame up one position in the CellArray.
Move Down Click to move the selected frame down one position in the CellArray.
Remove Frames Click to remove all frames from the sequence.
Click to move the selected frame up one position in the CellArray.
Click to move the selected frame down one position in the CellArray.
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Movie Edit
If you want to add a frame above or below a selected frame, move the current image
arrow (>) to that image before selecting this option.
Click to delete the selected frame from the sequence.
(CellArray) The CellArray contains the following columns.

Along with the options that are included in this dialog, you can also edit the CellArray using
the regular CellArray capabilities, such as those found in the Row Selection and Column
Options menus.
Frame # Indicates the frame number. This column cannot be edited. Rearrange the
frame order to change the frame number of a particular frame.
> Indicates the current column.
Filename Lists the full path and file name of the frame.
Red Lists the band that is displayed in the red color gun.
Green Lists the band that is displayed in the green color gun.
Blue Lists the band that is displayed in the blue color gun.
S This column indicates whether the image should be contrast stretched when it is
displayed. By clicking in this column, an X is placed in that row, indicating that the image
will be contrast stretched using the contrast table stored with the image.
If the image does not have a contrast table, a 2 standard deviation stretch will be applied.
This stretch will typically work only with 8-bit data, so it is advised that all images in the
sequence contain contrast tables.
Click again to remove the X.
To save the contrast table for an image, use the Image Interpreter
Radiometric Enhancement | LUT Stretch option. You can also use the
Raster | Enhance Area | Histogram/LUT Adjustment option of the Viewer menu bar.
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69
Set View Area
Set View Area

This dialog enables you to specify the image area displayed of all frames in the movie sequence.
You must enter file coordinates only.
This dialog opens when you select Edit | Set View Area... from the Movie menu bar.
Use File Units Only Enter the file coordinates that are in the Inquire Box only.
ULX: Enter the upper left corner X coordinate of the image area to view.
ULY: Enter the upper left corner Y coordinate of the image area to view.
LRX: Enter the lower right corner X coordinate of the image area to view.
LRY: Enter the lower right corner Y coordinate of the image area to view.
Use Inquire Box Click to use an inquire cursor box to select the image area to view.
To use this option, you must have the inquire box displayed in a Viewer with File coordinates
selected. When you click this option, the coordinates of the inquire box are automatically
entered into this dialog.
Apply Click to apply the selected view area. A progress meter will indicate the job status.
When the process is complete, the movie sequence will show only the image area selected.

Interface manual.
70
Add Frame To Movie
Add Frame To Movie

This dialog enables you to add frames (images) to a movie sequence. For the best results, the
frames you add should have contrast tables. This dialog remains open until you click the Close
button so that you can easily add multiple frames to a sequence at one time.
The Insert Position options allow you to control where in the sequence a particular frame is
placed. These positions are relative to the currently selected frame. This is the frame indicated
by the > column of the CellArray.
This dialog is opened when you select Edit | Add Frame... from the Movie Edit menu bar.
Input Image File: Enter the frame to add to the sequence. The default file extension is
.img.
Band Combination: For multiband images, enter the band combination to use in the
movie sequence.
Red: Enter the band to display in the red color gun.
Green: Enter the band to display in the green color gun.
Blue: Enter the band to display in the blue color gun.
Insert Position: Use these radio buttons to select the placement of this frame in the
sequence.
Beginning Click to place this frame at the beginning of the sequence.
End Click to place this frame at the end of the sequence.
After Selected Frame Click to place this frame after the selected frame (indicated by
the > column of the CellArray).
Before Selected Frame Click to place this frame before the selected frame (indicated
by the > column in the CellArray).
Add Click to add the selected frame to the sequence. A new row will be added to the
CellArray.

Interface manual.
71
VUE Player
VUE Player
This utility enables you to view a series of .vue files created using the File | Save | View... option
in the Viewer menu bar. The first time you use the VUE Player, you will need to create a VUE
Player list. Select Edit | Add Views... and select the views to include in the list.
This dialog is opened when you select Tools | Create/Display Viewer Sequences... from the
ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar.
File Click to create new VUE Players, open VUE Player lists, save, and close.
New Click to open a new VUE Player.
Open... Click to open a VUE Player list. The File Selector dialog is opened.
Save Click to save the current VUE Player list.
Save As... Click to save the current VUE Player list to another file. The File Selector
dialog is opened.
Close Click to close the VUE Player.
Close All Click to close all open VUE Players.
Edit Click to add, delete, or change views in a player list.

Add View... Click to add a new view to the VUE Player list. The File Selector dialog is
opened.
Delete Selected Views Click to delete the selected view(s) from the VUE Player list.
Change View... Click to replace the current view in the VUE Player list. The File
View Click for viewing options.

Display Forward Click to display the views forward from the current view (indicated by
the >).
Display Backward Click to display the views backward from the current view (indicated
by the >).
Stop Display Click to stop the display of views.
Set Display Interval... Click to set the interval between displaying views. The Set
Display Interval dialog is opened.
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VUE Player
Lock Views Click to leave the views displayed. A new Viewer is opened each time a
new view is displayed.
Auto Wrap Click to enable/disable auto-wrapping mode. When auto-wrapping is

enabled, the views will be redisplayed until you click Stop Display or click the stop icon
on the tool bar.
When auto-wrap is disabled, the views will be displayed only once.
Help Left-hold to see this On-Line Help document.

Help for VUE Player Display Help for VUE Player
Click to open a VUE Player list. The File Selector dialog is opened.
Click to save the current VUE Player list.
Click to display the views forward from the current view (indicated by the >).
Click to display the views backward from the current view (indicated by the >).
Click to stop the display of views.
(CellArray) The views in the VUE Player list are shown in an ERDAS IMAGINE CellArray
with the following columns.
Row Indicates the row number. Views are numbered sequentially as they are added to
the VUE Player list.
> Indicates the current view. Click in this column to display that view.
View Description You can enter a description for each view in this column.
View Shows the path and file name of the views. This column is read-only.
➲ For more information about the VUE Player and .vue files, see the Using the VUE Player
Utility section of this on-line manual.
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VUE Player
Interface manual.
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Set Display Interval
Set Display Interval

This dialog enables you to set the length of time that each view is displayed before another view
is loaded. It is opened when you select View | Set Display Interval... in the VUE Player menu
bar.
Speed: Enter the number of seconds to display each view. The default is 15 seconds.
Manual Step Turn on to indicate that you want to manually step through the views. The
Speed option is disabled if you click this check box.
When this option is enabled, the arrow icons on the tool bar and the Display Forward and
Display Backward options in the View menu will display the next view.
OK Click to use this display interval and close this dialog.

➲ For more information about the VUE Player and .vue files, see the Using the VUE Player
Utility section of this on-line manual.
Interface manual.
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Using the VUE Player Utility
Using the VUE Player Utility

The VUE Player utility is designed to allow you to save particular views and map compositions
for later recall, for example as a demonstration. You can create a detailed, slow playback of a
process, unlike the Movie utility that quickly displays a series of images in a single Viewer.
You have the option to leave each view on the screen while other views are read, or you can load
one view at a time (the previous view is cleared before the next view is loaded).
VUE Files
The files used in the VUE Player have the extension .vue. These files are created by selecting
File | Save | View... in the Viewer or Map Composer menu bars. Before selecting this option,
you should make sure that the Viewer or map compositions is positioned where you want it, sized
correctly, etc., because the size and position of the Viewer on the screen is also saved as part
of the .vue file.
The .vue file is very similar to a map composition file (.map). This file stores information about
the view so that the exact view can be recreated later. If the image that was displayed in the
Viewer when the view was saved is altered, the view will also change. Files are referenced in the
.vue file; they are not copied. Therefore, if an image is moved to another directory, the VUE
Player will not be able to find it. However, a dialog is opened to inform you that the view could
not be found and you can select another path and/or file name.
VPL Files
Once you have created several views, you can load them into the VUE Player and save this list
as a .vpl file. This file is simply a list of the .vue files that you have added into the VUE Player.
This list can be changed by using the tools in the VUE Player itself.
When searching for .vue files when a .vpl file is opened, IMAGINE first searches the directory
stated in the .vpl file. If the files are not found there, the directory of the .vpl file is searched. If the
files are still not found, the Locate File Dialog appears. A specific path and file name must be
entered.
You can edit a .vpl file by changing an absolute path to a relative path. The relative path must be
relative to the path of the .vpl file.
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Image Drape
Image Drape
This is the main viewer for the Image Drape tool. From this viewer you can access all of the
Image Drape functions and tools. The Image Drape viewer opens when you select Tools | Image
Drape... from the IMAGINE icon panel or when you select Utility | Image Drape... from an
IMAGINE Viewer.
File Click to open the following menu of options:

New Click here and then select Image Drape... to create a new Image Drape viewer.
ImageDrape... Click here to create a new Image Drape viewer.
Open Click here and then select Raster Layer... or Project...
Raster Layer... Click here to open a DEM/Raster Layer. The Select Layer To Add
dialog opens.
Project... Click here to open a project file. The Select Layer To Add dialog opens.
Save Click here and then select Project... to save the current scene to a project file.
Project... Click here to save the current scene to a project file. The Save To Project
dialog opens.
View to Image File... Click to save the current view to an .img file. The Convert Viewer
to .img dialog opens.
Print... Click to print the contents of the Image Drape viewer. The Print dialog opens.
Close Top Layer Click to close the top feature layer in the Image Drape viewer.
Clear Scene Click to remove all data from the scene in the Image Drape viewer, including
DEMs.
Close ImageDrape Click to close the Image Drape viewer.
Utility Click to open the following menu of options:

Options... Click to open the Options dialog, which enables you to select options for
viewing the image in the Image Drape viewer.
Dump Contents to Viewer Click to open an IMAGINE Viewer that contains the contents
of the Image Drape viewer.
Layer Info... Click to open the Image Info dialog, which shows information for the top
truecolor, grayscale, or pseudocolor layer.
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Image Drape
HFA Info... Click to open the HFA Info dialog, which shows HFA Information for the .img
layer.
View Click to open the following menu of options:

☞ When the Image Drape or VirtualGIS viewer is actively updating, do not place other windows
over the viewer or move the viewer. This will cause some areas inside the Image Drape or
VirtualGIS viewer to not display correctly. If this does occur, simply press the Update Display
option on the toolbar of the viewer.
Update Display Click to re-render the image in the Image Drape viewer.
LOD Control... Click to open the Level of Detail dialog, which allows you to adjust the
level of detail settings.
Arrange Layers... Click to open the Arrange Layers dialog, which allows you to
rearrange the layers of images in the Image Drape viewer or highlight the current DEM if
multiple DEMs exist.
Sun Positioning... Click to open the Sun Positioning dialog, which allows you to
reposition the sun in the viewer image so that shadows are cast in different areas.
Link/Unlink with Viewer Click to link the image in the Image Drape viewer with the
image in the IMAGINE Viewer.
Show Coverage in Viewer Click to show coverage in the Image Drape viewer.
Background Color... Click to change or adjust the background color. The Background
Color dialog is opened.
Position Click to open the following menu of options:

Current Position... Click to open the Position Parameters dialog, which enables you
to make changes to the observer’s position and the direction of the view in the Image
Drape viewer.
Reset Position Click to reset the image to its original position.
Save Position Click to save the current position parameters to the Positions Editor.
Goto Last Click to go to the last saved position.
Positions Editor... Click to open the Positions Editor, which enables you to view and
edit all previously saved positions.
Raster Click to open the following menu of options:
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Image Drape
Band Combinations Click to open the Band Combinations dialog, which enables you
to change the default colors for the band combinations in the Image Drape viewer.
Toggle Transparency Click to toggle pixel transparency in the top raster layer.
Help Click to open the following menu of options:

Help for ImageDrape Click to view the On-line Help for Image Drape.
Click to open a DEM or Raster Overlay in the Image Drape viewer. The Select Layer
To Add dialog opens. This is the same as selecting File | Open | Raster Layer... or Project...
from the menu bar.
Click to close the top feature layer in the Image Drape viewer. This is the same as
selecting File | Close Top Layer from the menu bar.
Click to open the Image Info dialog, which shows information for the top truecolor,
grayscale, or pseudocolor layer. This is the same as selecting Utility | Layer Info... from the
menu bar.
Click to re-render the image in the Image Drape viewer. This is the same as selecting
View | Update Display from the menu bar.
Click to print the contents of the Image Drape viewer. The Print dialog opens. This is
the same as selecting File | Print... from the menu bar.
Click to remove all layers from the Image Drape viewer. This is the same as selecting
File | Clear Scene from the menu bar.
Click to save the current position parameters in the Positions Editor. This is the same
as selecting Position | Save Position from the menu bar.
Click to go to the last saved position. This is the same as selecting Position | Goto
Last from the menu bar.
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Image Drape
Click to open the Position Parameters dialog, which enables you to make changes to
the observer’s position and the direction of the view in the Image Drape viewer. This is the
same as selecting Position | Current Position... from the menu bar.
Click to open an IMAGINE Viewer that contains the contents of the Image Drape
viewer. This is the same as selecting Utility | Dump Contents to Viewer from the menu bar.
Click to open the Sun Positioning dialog, which allows you to reposition the sun in the
viewer image so that shadows are cast in different areas. This is the same as selecting View
| Sun Positioning... from the menu bar.
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Background Color
Background Color
This dialog enables you to change the background color of the scene in the Image Drape Viewer.
It opens when you select View | Background Color... in the Image Drape viewer menu bar.
Background Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select a background color for the
scene in the Image Drape viewer.
Ok Click to apply the background color you have selected to the scene in the Image Drape
viewer.
Cancel Click to cancel this process. The current background color will not change.
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Band Combinations (from ImageDrape)
Band Combinations (from ImageDrape)

This dialog enables you to change the default colors for the band combinations in the Image
Drape viewer. This dialog opens when you select Raster | Band Combinations from the Image
Drape viewer menu bar.
Number of Layers: The total number of layers in the image is displayed here.
Layers to Colors: Select the layer combinations for red, green, and blue.
Red: Enter the layer to use for the red band.
Green: Enter the layer to use for the green band.
Blue: Enter the layer to use for the blue band.
Apply Click to apply the new layer combination to the image.
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Raster Options (from ImageDrape)

This file tab is part of the Select Layer To Add dialog. When this tab is selected, the user is able
to view and edit the raster options for the currently selected file. The Raster Options display when
you select File | Open | Raster Layer... from the menu bar in the Image Drape viewer, or when
you click the icon in the tool bar. You must then click the Raster Options tab at the top of
the Select Layer To Add dialog.
Raster Options Make changes to the Raster options displayed in this file tab. If the
image contains one band, then the options will be set to DEM by default.
DEM Turn on this radio button if the selected file is a DEM file (Digital Elevation Model).
NOTE: You may load multiple DEM files into Image Drape.
Band #: Enter the band number to display in the viewer.
Level of Detail (%): If necessary, enter a number to increase the image resolution.
The higher the number, the higher the resolution and the slower the display. The lower
the number, the lower the resolution and the faster the display.
Clear Display Click on this check box to clear the current image displayed in the
Image Drape viewer and replace it with the newly selected image.
Raster Overlay Turn on this radio button if the selected file is a Raster Overlay.
Display as: Click on the popup list to select one of the following three options for
displaying the raster image:
True Color Select this item from the Display as: popup list if the image contains
multiple layers.
Red: Select the layer to use for the Red color gun.
Green: Select the layer to use for the Green color gun.
Blue: Select the layer to use for the Blue color gun.
Pseudo Color Select this item from the Display as: popup list if the image contains
one layer.
Layer: Select the layer to use for the Pseudo Color image.
Gray Scale Select this item from the Display as: popup list if the image contains
one layer.
83
Layer: Select the layer to use for the Gray Scale image.
Clear Display Click on this check box to clear the current image displayed in the Image
Drape viewer and replace it with the newly selected image.
No Stretch Click on this check box to apply no stretch to the image.
Background Transparent Click on this check box to make the image background
transparent.
Level of Detail (%): If necessary, enter a number to increase the image resolution. The
higher the number, the higher the resolution and the slower the display. The lower the
number, the lower the resolution and the faster the display.
Help This help button displays help for this tab. To display on-line help for other tabs on this
dialog, click the Help button on the right side of the dialog.
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Save To Project
Save To Project
This dialog enables you to save the image in the Image Drape viewer to a Project (.vwp) file. This
dialog opens when you select File | Save | Project... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar.
Project: Enter the name of the Project file you wish to save to or click on the Open icon
to select from a file list.
OK Click to save to the selected Project file. The file will have a .vwp extension.
Close Click to close this dialog and cancel the save.
Help Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.
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Image Drape Options
Image Drape Options

This dialog enables you to select options for viewing the image in the Image Drape viewer. This
is a File Chooser dialog, so clicking on the file tabs at the top of the dialog will provide you with
different groups of options. This dialog opens when you select Utility | Options... from the Image
DEM Click on this file tab to select the following DEM options:
Exaggeration Click on the checkbox to activate this option and then enter the elevation
multiplier.
☞ When exaggeration is applied to either Image Drape or Virtual GIS, the observer’s height is
not exaggerated with the terrain. Therefore, it is possible to exaggerate the terrain to an
elevation that is equal to or higher than the current position of the observer. If this happens,
use the Current Position tool to increase the observer’s elevation to a point higher than the
exaggerated terrain.
Terrain Color Click on the checkbox to activate this option and then right-hold on the
accompanying popup list to select a color for the terrain.
Viewing Range Click on the checkbox to activate this option and then enter the distance
that the observer can see across the image. The units are the same as the image’s
projection units.
Elevation Units Click on the checkbox to activate this option and then click on the
accompanying popup list to select one of the following units of elevation:
Feet The units of elevation are feet.
Meters The units of elevation are meters.
Render Back Side Click on the checkbox to activate this option. Activating this option
will allow you to view the underside, or backside, of the image.
Fog Click on this file tab to select the following Fog options:
Switch: Click to activate the Color and Density Fog options for editing, and also to turn
the fog off and on in the viewer image.
Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select the Fog color.
Density: Enter the percentage of density for the fog. The acceptable range is 0% to
100%. The higher the percentage, the thicker and more dense the fog. The density
function is exponential.
Background Click on this file tab to select the following Background options:
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Image Drape Options
Solid Color Select this option from the popup list to create a solid background color.
Background Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select a color for the background.
Fade Color Select this option from the popup list to choose background colors that fade
from a start color (at the horizon) to an end color (at the top of the Image Drape viewer).
Start Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select a color for the background. This is
the color that will display on the horizon.
End Color: Right-hold on the popup list to select a color for the background. This is
the color that will display at the top of the Image Drape viewer.
Fade Range: Select the range in which to spread out the color fade. The higher the
range, the more spread out the colors will be.
Image Select this option from the popup list to use an .img file for the background.
Image File Name: Enter the name of the .img file you wish to use for the background
or click on the Open icon to select a file from a file list.
Apply Click to apply changes to the image in the Image Drape viewer.
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Convert Viewer to .img
Convert Viewer to .img

This dialog enables you to convert the image in the Image Drape viewer to an .img file. This
dialog opens when you select File | View to .IMG File... from the Image Drape menu bar.
☞ (PC Only) There cannot be any overlapping windows on the Image Drape viewer when
updating the Image Drape or using the View to .IMG option.
Output .img: Enter the output file name or select a different path from the file list.
OK Click to convert the image to the path and file name you have selected.
Cancel Click to cancel the conversion and close this dialog.
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Level Of Detail (from ImageDrape)
Level Of Detail (from ImageDrape)

The Level of Detail dialog allows you to increase or decrease image resolution for DEM and
Raster images. To open this dialog, select View | LOD Control from the Image Drape viewer
menu bar.
DEM LOD (%): If necessary, enter a number to increase the image resolution. The higher
the number, the higher the resolution and the slower the display. The lower the number, the
lower the resolution and the faster the display.
Raster LOD (%): If necessary, enter a number to increase the image resolution. The
higher the number, the higher the resolution and the slower the display. The lower the number,
the lower the resolution and the faster the display.
Apply Click to apply the new level of detail to the image.
Help This help button displays help for this tab. To display on-line help for other tabs on this
dialog, click the Help button on the right side of the dialog.
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Options
Options
This tab allows you to clear the currently displayed scene from the viewer before opening another
project. It is on the Select Layer To Add: dialog that is displayed when you select File | Open |
Project... from the Image Drape menu bar.
Options
Clear Scene Turn this checkbox on to clear the scene before opening project.
Help This help button displays help for this tab. To display on-line help for other tabs on
this dialog, click the Help button on the right side of the dialog.
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Print (from ImageDrape)
Print (from ImageDrape)

Use this dialog to print the current scene. To open this dialog, select File | Print... from the Image
Map Template: Select a template option.

Landscape Select this option to print the current scene on a landscape page.
Portrait Select this option to print the current scene on a portrait page.
Other Select this option to print the current scene using another map composition
template. Click the icon to open a File Selector dialog to display a list of available
templates.
Cancel Click this button to cancel the print operation and close the dialog.
OK Click this button to use the selected template to print the scene and close the dialog.
Help Click this button to display this help file.
91
Eye/Target Edit
Eye/Target Edit
This dialog allows the user to adjust the current position of the eye and target selectors in a
viewer linked to Image Drape. Positions can only be adjusted from the dialog. To use this dialog,
a DEM image must first be loaded in the Viewer. Select Utility | ImageDrape... from the Viewer
menu bar to automatically link ImageDrape to the Viewer image. This dialog opens when you
select Utility | Selector Properties... from the Viewer menu bar.
i When using the Eye/Target selector in the linked 2D Viewer to control movement in the Vir-
tualGIS Viewer, the target location may automatically change if the terrain intersects the line
between the eye point and the original target location.
i When linking the Image Drape or VirtualGIS Viewer to the IMAGINE Viewer, the IMAGINE
Viewer sometimes reduces the imagery to appear very small. This is done to preserve the
actual locations of the eye/target pair.
To restore the imagery to a viewable scale, move the target point over the imagery, then
press the default zoom button on the IMAGINE Viewer toolbar. Once the image is restored,
press the Fit Image to Window option in the IMAGINE Viewer to locate the eye/target pair.
Eye Enter data for the options below to manipulate the position of the observer in the
Viewer image.
X: Enter the observer’s X position.
Y: Enter the observer’s Y position.
Target Enter data for the options below to manipulate the position of the target in the
Viewer image.
X: Enter the target’s X position.
Y: Enter the target’s Y position.
Selector Color: Right-hold this color patch to choose the selector color.
OK Click to accept the values of the coordinates.
Cancel Click to cancel dialog.
Help Click to open this On-line Help file.
92
Arrange Layers
Arrange Layers
This dialog enables you to view and rearrange the layers in the Image Drape viewer image. This
dialog opens when you select View | Arrange Layers... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar.
File Click to select from the following options:

Edit Click to select from the following options:

Reset Click to reset this dialog to the original layer arrangement.
Apply Click to apply changes to the image in the viewer.
Next DEM Click to select the next DEM for viewing/editing (if multiple DEMs exist in the
Image Drape).
Previous DEM Click to select the previous DEM layer for viewing/editing.
Delete Current DEM Click to delete the currently selected DEM layer.
Help Click to select from the following options:

Help for Arrange Layers Click to view the On-line Help for this dialog.
Click to apply changes to the image in the viewer. This is the same as selecting Edit |
Apply from the menu bar.
Click to reset this dialog to the original layer arrangement. This is the same as selecting
Edit | Reset from the menu bar.
Click to select the previous DEM layer for viewing/editing. This is the same as selecting
Edit | Previous DEM from the menu bar.
Click to select the next DEM for viewing/editing. This is the same as selecting Edit |
Next DEM in the menu bar.
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Arrange Layers
Click to show the bounding boxes of each DEM in the Image Drape. The yellow
bounding box represents the “current” DEM. Each raster overlay added is added to the
current DEM.
Raster Layers: The currently selected Raster layer is displayed in the window.
94
Positions Editor
Positions Editor
This dialog enables you to store and edit the positions at which you view the image in the Image
Drape viewer. This dialog works in conjunction with the Position Parameters dialog, which
allows you to change your current position in the Image Drape viewer.The Positions Editor opens
when you select Position | Positions Editor... from the menu bar.
File Click to access a menu with the following options:

Save... Click to save the currently selected position to a file. The Save Positions dialog
opens.
Load... Click to load a position from a file to the Positions Editor CellArray. The Load
Positions dialog opens.
Edit Click to access a menu with the following options:

Delete Current Entry Click to delete the currently selected entry.
Clear All Entries Click to clear all entries.
Add Current Position Click to add the current position to the CellArray.
Show Positions Click to show all saved positions.
Motion Click to access a menu with the following options:

Goto Current Click to go to the currently selected position. The currently selected
position will be the one with the carrot (>) next to the position number.
Goto Next Click to go to the next position listed in the CellArray.
Help Click to access a menu with the following options:

Click to load a position from a file to the Positions Editor CellArray. This is the same as
selecting File | Load... from the menu bar. The Load Positions dialog opens.
Click to save the currently selected position to a file. This is the same as selecting File
| Save... from the menu bar. The Save Positions dialog opens.
95
Positions Editor
Click to add the current position to the CellArray. This is the same as selecting Edit |
Add Current Position from the menu bar.
Click to go to the last position that was saved in the Positions Editor.
96
Load Positions (from ImageDrape)
Load Positions (from ImageDrape)

This dialog enables you to load a position from a .pos file to the Positions Editor CellArray. You
can create a .pos file by selecting a position in the Positions Editor and then selecting File |
Save... from the menu bar. The Load Positions dialog opens when you select File | Load... in
the Positions Editor menu bar.
Position File: Enter the name of the .pos file you wish to load to the Positions Editor or
select a file from the file list.
OK Click to load the file to the Positions Editor CellArray.
Cancel Click to cancel the load operation and close this dialog.
97
Save Positions (from ImageDrape)
Save Positions (from ImageDrape)

This dialog enables you to save positions in the Positions Editor CellArray to a .pos file. It opens
when you select File | Save... from the Positions Editor menu bar.
Position File: Enter a name for the .pos file. If necessary, select a different path from the
file list.
Save Only Current Turn on this check box to save only the currently selected position.
All of the positions in the Positions Editor will be saved if this check box is turned off.
OK Click to save the position(s) as a .pos file.
Cancel Click to cancel the save and close this dialog.
98
Position Parameters
Position Parameters
This dialog enables you to manipulate the position of both the observer and the viewing direction
in the Image Drape viewer image. This dialog opens when you select Position | Current
Position... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar or when you click the icon on the tool
bar.
Position: Enter data for the options below to manipulate the position of the observer in
the Image Drape viewer image.
X: Enter the observer’s X position.
Y: Enter the observer’s Y position.
AGL: Enter the number of feet or meters above ground level. Editing this field will
automatically update the ASL: field.
ASL: Enter the number of feet or meters above sea level. Editing this field will
automatically update the AGL: field.
Direction: Enter data for the options below to manipulate the viewing direction in the
Image Drape viewer image
FOV: Enter the angle of the field of view (FOV), between 0 and 180 degrees.
Pitch: Enter the pitch of the observer to the image. As the pitch gets higher, the image
becomes less visible and the background become more visible to the observer (negative
pitch looks down and positive pitch looks up).
Azimuth: Enter the observer’s azimuth. As the azimuth increases, the observer’s view
rotates clockwise.
Roll: Enter the observer’s roll angle, between -360 and +360 degrees.
Profile: The Profile in the Positions Editor shows the profile of the terrain from the eye
point of the observer down the center of their field-of-view. The red dot on the left side of the
profile represents the observers elevation. The red point on the ground represents the target
(or center of the observers field-of-view). The red line that connects the two points represents
the viewing geometry of the ImageDrape.
There are two yellow lines that extend from the observers eye point and are projected down
to the ground. These lines represent the edges of the field-of-view. (i.e. the inside of the cone
is what would be visible in the ImageDrape.)
99
Position Parameters
The user can drag the red dot (target) across the ground and up the other side of the profile
to change the pitch of the observer in the ImageDrape. The dot on the left side of the profile
can be dragged up and down to change the elevation of the observer. When the dot on the
left side is released, the scale of the Profile is changed (i.e. if the user drags the elevation
down and releases then the profile data will be magnified. If the user drags the elevation up,
then the profile data will be reduced in size).
All changes to the Profile will not be seen in the ImageDrape until the Apply button is pressed
on the Positions Editor dialog.
Apply Click to apply the currently selected changes.
100
Sun Positioning (from ImageDrape)
Sun Positioning (from ImageDrape)

This dialog enables you to manipulate the position of the sun in the Image Drape viewer image.
Shadows are cast across the image in relation to the sun’s position. This dialog opens when you
select View | Sun Positioning... from the Image Drape viewer menu bar or when you click the
icon on the tool bar.
Drag the dot in the window to manipulate the sun’s position. The image will update when you
release the mouse button.
Light Switch Click to toggle sun shading on and off.
Ambience: Enter data to adjust the ambience. Lighting is independent of Azimuth and
Elevation.
Apply Click to apply the currently selected changes.
101
Mosaic Tool
Mosaic Tool
Mosaicking is the process of joining georeferenced images together to form a larger image or a
set of images. The input images must all contain map and projection information, although they
need not be in the same projection or have the same cell sizes. Calibrated input images are also
supported. All input images must have the same number of layers.
A reference image is selected in the Ref column of the CellArray. This reference image acts as
the baseline for contrast matching and determines the default output map projection, cell sizes,
and data type.
Click the Data Prep icon in the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar and then select
Mosaic Images... from the Data Preparation menu to access this dialog.
File Click for New, Open, Save, Save As, and Close options.
New... Click to begin a new Mosaic Tool.
Open... Click to open an existing .mos file. The Open Mosaic File dialog is opened.
Save Click to save the modified .mos file. If the file has not been modified, this option
will be disabled.
Save As... Click to save the current .mos file to a new directory or file name. The Save
Mosaic File dialog is opened.
Annotation... Click to display a dialog to add a graphic representation of the input and
output images’ boundaries to be saved to an annotation file. The Mosaic to Annotation
dialog is opened.
Close Click to close this Mosaic Tool.
Close All Click to close all Mosaic Tools.
Edit Click to access the edit options.

Image List... Click to show the Input Image List CellArray.
Add Images... Click to add image files to a new or existing .mos file. The Add Images
for Mosaic dialog is opened.
Delete Image(s) Click to remove an image file from the current .mos file. The item must
be selected in the CellArray.
Image Matching... Click to display the Matching Options Dialog.
Intersection List... Click to show the Mosaic Intersection List Cellarray.
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Mosaic Tool
Set Overlap Function... Click to display the Overlap Function Options.
Output List... Click to show the Mosaic Output List Cellarray.
Output Options... Click to set the Output Image Options.
Delete Outputs Click to delete the selected outputs.
Process
Run Mosaic... Click to display the Run Mosaic dialog and to run the mosaic process to
a disk.
Help
Help for Mosaic Tool Click to view the On-Line Help for the Mosaic Tool.
Click to add an item to the file list. This is the same as selecting Edit | Add Images...
from the menu bar. The Add Images for Mosaic dialog is opened.
Click to set the mode for input images. This is one of the three modes of operation.
Click to set the mode for intersections. This is one of the three modes of operation.
Click to set the mode for output Images. This is one of the three modes of operation.
Click to reset the canvas to fit the display. This tool is mode independent.
Click to scale canvas to fit selected objects. This tool is mode independent.
Click to select a single point for querying. This tool is mode independent.
Click to select area for querying. This tool is mode independent.
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Mosaic Tool
Click to zoom image IN by 2. This tool is mode independent.
Click to zoom image OUT by 2. This tool is mode independent.
Click to select an area for zooming. This tool is mode independent.
Click to roam the canvas. This tool is mode independent.
Depending upon which mode you are in, click to display the Mosaic Image List dialog,
the Mosaic Intersection List, or the Mosaic Output List.
Click to display the Image Resample Options dialog. This tool is available when you
are using the Input mode.
Click to display the Image Matching Options dialog. This tool is available when you
are using the Input mode.
Click to send selected image(s) to the top in the stacking order. This tool is available
when you are using the Input mode.
Click to send selected image(s) up one in the stacking order. This tool is available when
you are using the Input mode.
Click to send selected image(s) to the bottom in the stacking order. This tool is available
Click to send selected image(s) down one in the stacking order. This tool is available
Click to reverse the order of selected image(s) in the stacking order. This tool is
available when you are using the Input mode.
104
Mosaic Tool
Click to select the next intersection. This tool is available when you are using the
Intersection mode.
Click to select the previous intersection. This tool is available when you are using the
Intersection mode.
Click to display the Overlap Function dialog. This tool is available when you are using
the Intersection mode.
Click to set default cutlines for intersections. This tool is available when you are using
Click to set aoi cutlines for intersections. This tool is available when you are using the
Intersection mode.
Click to toggle the cutline application (keep other side). This tool is available when you
are using the Intersection mode.
Click to toggle the cutline application (keep other side). This tool is available when you
are using the Intersection mode.
Click to delete the cutlines for intersections. This tool is available when you are using
Click to open an IMAGINE Viewer. This tool is available when you are using the
Intersection mode.
Click to access the Cutline Selection Viewer Auto mode. This tool is available when
you are using the Intersection mode.
Click to set the Output Image Options dialog. This tool is available when you are using
the Output mode.
105
Mosaic Tool
Interface manual.
➲ For step-by-step instructions on using the Mosaic utility, see the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour
Guides manual.
106
Open Mosaic File
Open Mosaic File

This dialog is used to open an existing FLS (File List) file. If no FLS files exist, you may create
new ones using the File | New... option from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
Select File | Open... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar to access this dialog.
Mosaic File Name: Enter the name of the mosaic file you wish to open or select the file
name from the file list.
OK Click to open the mosaic file you have selected.
Cancel Click to not open a mosaic file and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
107
Save Mosaic File
Save Mosaic File

This dialog enables you to save a file as a .mos (mosaic) file. This dialog opens when you select
File | Save in the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
Mosaic Filename Enter the name of the mosaic file in the text entry field or select the
appropriate file name in the list below.
OK Click to save the mosaic file and close this dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel the save process and close this dialog.
Help Click to view On-Line Help for this dialog.
108
Mosaic to Annotation
Mosaic to Annotation
This dialog enables you to create an annotation layer from a mosaicked image. It opens when
you select File | Annotation... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
Annotation Filename: Enter the name of the output annotation file in the text entry field
or click on the Open File icon to select from a list of available files.
Input Image Outlines Click this button to activate this option and then right-hold on the
accompanying color patch to select a color. Activating this option specifies that the annotation
layer should contain the outlines of all the input images.
Output Image Outlines Click this button to activate this option and then right-hold on
the accompanying color patch to select a color. Activating this option specifies that the
annotation layer should contain the outlines of all the output images.
OK Click to accept your options and create the annotation layer. The dialog closes.
Cancel Click to cancel your changes and close this dialog.
109
Mosaic Image List
Mosaic Image List

This dialog shows all of the current input images to be mosaicked and their attributes. They are
in the bottom-to-top stacking order. The first column is an exclusive column, defining which single
image is to be used as the reference image. The Area column reports how the active area of the
image was determined. The Resample and RMS columns report information regarding the
resampling technique used for this image and the RMS Error of the transformation.
This dialog opens when you select Edit | Image List... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
Add... Click to display the Add Images for Mosaic dialog.
Delete Click to delete your selections from the image list.
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Add Images for Mosaic

This dialog enables you to add image files to the mosaicking process. For each image file, the
active area used in mosaicking can be defined through Image Area Options (below). The
Mosaic Image List dialog can be used to browse all of the files that have been added into the
mosaicking tool.
Select Edit | Add Images... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar to access this dialog. This dialog
can also be accessed from the File | New... menu option.
Image Filename: Enter the name of a georeferenced image file and press return or
select the file name from the file list window. The default file extension is .img.
Image List Filename: The name of the file list to be matched is displayed here for
verification.
Method: Select the method for adding images

Individual File Click to add images one at a time.
All in Directory Click to add all images in an entire directory.
From File List Click to add images from a specific ASCII file list. Refer to Mosaictool
FLS File Format for a description of the file format.
Image Area Options: Select one of the following areas to be matched.

Use Entire Image Click to use the entire rectangular input file.
Compute Active Area Click to compute the active area on the image.
Set... Click to display the active area computation options. The Active Area Options
dialog is opened.
Template AOI Click to cut the active area from the input image using the same AOI for
each image.The AOI is converted to file coordinates to cut the same area from each
image. Useful for removing fiducials from air photos.
Set... Select a template AOI to apply to all the Images
Individual AOI Click to cut the active are from the input image using an arbitrary AOI.
Set... Select area of interest (AOI) for image
Add Click to add the selected file to the mosaic definition. If the selected file is not
georeferenced, an error message will be displayed and the button will be disabled until
another file is selected.
111

Interface manual.
112
Mosaictool FLS File Format
Mosaictool FLS File Format

The FLS file in mosaictool is a way of listing all of the files that are to be mosaicked together, and
it requires that you number the files, although this is not necessarily the order in which they are
mosaicked. There is only one image per line, and the full path must be specified for each image.
Both UNIX and PC line terminators are accepted, and environment variables are allowed. The
FLS file format is the following:
n Number-of-images
i Reference-image
0 imagename_1
1 imagename_2
....
i imagename_i
...
n-1 imagename_n
Where n is the number of images in the list, i is the index number of the reference image, and
imagename_i is the full name of each image in the list.
Here is an example which has 3 images in the list, and the first image is used as the reference:
3 Number-of-images (the actual number of images)
0 Reference-image (identify the image)
0 /vol/products/imagine/version/jasper/root/examples/wasia1_mss.img
1 /vol/products/imagine/version/jasper/root/examples/wasia2_mss.img
2 /vol/products/imagine/version/jasper/root/examples/wasia3_tm.img
113
Matching Options
Matching Options
This dialog enables you to select options for histogram matching. This dialog opens when you
select Edit | Image Matching... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
Matching Method: Select one of the following methods of matching:

No Matching No image matching will be performed between images.
For All Images Matching lookup tables will be computed from the entire histogram for
all the images.
Overlap Areas Matching lookup tables will be computed from the histograms of the
overlap areas only.
Histogram Type: Select one of the following histogram types:

Band by Band Select to use the raw data value histograms for matching.
Intensity (RGB) Select to use the intensity histograms in IHS space for matching. This
option is only available on True Color (i.e., three layers) imagery.
Pixel Value Type: Determine if existing contrast table should be used.

Pixel Value Use actual pixel values for histogram matching.
Contrast Table Map pixel values through contrast lookup tables for histogram matching.
These contrast tables must have been previously created and saved using the Viewer
contrast tools.
OK Click to apply the selected options to the image.

114
Mosaic Intersection List
Mosaic Intersection List

This dialog contains an ordered list of image intersections from bottom to top. Attributes of the
intersection are presented in the CellArray, including the cutline (if one exists), the overlap
function, and the image which defined the intersection (called the top image).
This dialog opens when you select Edit | Intersection List... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
115
Set Overlap Function

This dialog enables you to set the intersection type and overlap function for the mosaicked
image. This dialog opens when you select Edit | Set Overlap Function... from the Mosaic Tool
menu bar.
Intersection Type: Click one of the two radio buttons below to set functions on
intersections which have either a defined or an undefined cutlines.
No Cutline Exists Click if no cutlines exist for the selected intersections.
Cutline Exists Click if cutlines exist for the selected images.
Select Function: The following selections display if you have selected Cutline Exists
for the Intersection Type. Click on one of the radio buttons below to select a method of
stitching the two images together.
Cut Only A simple Cut operation will be performed along the cutline.
Cut / Feather A Feathering operation will be performed out from the cutline across the
entire intersect area.
Cut / Feather by Distance A Feathering operation will be performed out from the cutline
to a user-specified distance.
Distance: Specify the distance for the Cut/Feather by Distance.
Select Function: The following selections display if you have selected No Cutline
Exists for the Intersection Type. Click on one of the radio buttons below to select a method
of stitching the two images together.
Overlay The overlap area belongs to the last image opened, which is on top in the
stacking order.
Average The value of each pixel in the overlap area is replaced by the average of the
values of the corresponding pixels in the overlapping images.
Minimum The value of each pixel in the overlap area is replaced by the lesser value of
the corresponding pixels in the overlapping images.
Maximum The value of each pixel in the overlap area is replaced by the greater value
of the corresponding pixels in the overlapping images.
Feather The overlap area is replaced by a linear interpolation of the pixels in the overlap.
A pixel in the middle of the overlap area is 50% of each of the corresponding pixels in the
overlapping images. A pixel 1/10 of the overlap from an edge would be 90% one image
and 10% the other.
116
Apply Click to apply the settings you have selected to the selected intersections.
Close Click to close this dialog
Help Click to see the On-Line Help for this dialog.
117
Mosaic Output List
Mosaic Output List

This dialog contains a CellArray that lists all of the output images that are currently defined. If a
single output image is defined, then the contents of the CellArray will be blank.
This dialog opens when you select Edit | Output List... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
Delete Select one or more items from the list and then click this button to delete those
outputs.
118
Output Image Options

This dialog enables you to select options for the output mosaic image. It opens when you select
Edit | Output Options... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
Define Output Map Area(s): Select one of the following options for defining the output
map area(s):
Union of All Inputs Click to produce a single mosaic output file that is a union of all the
input images.
User-defined AOI Click to set the mosaic output file(s) from an AOI. Choosing this
option enables the Output Multiple AOI Objects To: option.
Map Series File (.msh) Click to use an .msh file created from the Map Series Tool to
define the output images.
USGS Maps Database Click to use the USGS Maps database to define the output
images.
Output Multiple AOI Objects To: This option is only available when User-defined
AOI is selected under Define Output Map Area(s):.
Multiple Files Click when the specified AOI contains multiple AOI objects, in order to
create a separate output image for each object.
A Single File Click to create one output image containing all AOI objects.
Set Output AOI... Select Area Of Interest (AOI) for Output Image. This option is only
available when User-defined AOI is selected under Define Output Map Area(s):.
Map Series Filename: This option is only available when Map Series File (.msh) is
selected under Define Output Map Area(s):.
USGS Map Series: Click on the popup list to select the appropriate output file type. This
option is only available when USGS Maps Database is selected under Define Output Map
Area(s):.
Change Output Map Projection... Select the output map projection. The default is
determined by the reference input image.
Output Cell Size: Enter the output cell size for the X and Y values. The defaults are
determined by the reference input image.
119
Output Data Type: Click on the popup list to select the appropriate output file type. The
defaults are determined by the reference input image.
OK Click to accept the options you have designated and close this dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel any changes and close this dialog.
120
Run Mosaic
Run Mosaic
This dialog enables you to run the mosaic process to a specified output file. It opens when you
select Process | Run Mosaic... from the Mosaic Tool menu bar.
Output Root Name: Enter the name of the output mosaic images root in the text entry
field or select the file name from the list. This option is available when doing a mosaic to
multiple output files.
Output File Name: Enter the name of the output mosaic image in the text entry field or
select the file name from the list. This option is available when doing a mosaic to a single
output file.
Which Outputs: When there is more than one mosaic output file, you may select All the
outputs or a Selected subset.
All Click to process all of the output files.
Selected Click to process the currently selected set of output files.
Ignore Input Values: Indicate what input values to ignore in the mosaic process.
Output Background Value: Enter the background value for the output file(s)
Stats Ignore Value: Click on the check box to activate this option and then enter the
value to ignore when computing statistics for output file(s).
OK Click to run the mosaic process and close this dialog.
Batch Click to place the mosaic process into the batch job queue.
Cancel Click to cancel your selections and close this dialog. The mosaic process will not
be run.
121
Active Area Options
Active Area Options

This dialog enables you to select from options for computing the active area. This dialog opens
when you click on Compute Active Area in the Add Images for Mosaic dialog and then click
Set...
The default cutlines and the automatically computed active areas in are not always ideal. A
digitized AOI should be used instead if you are not satisfied with the automatic solution.
Select Search Layer: Specify on which layer to perform the search.
Background Value Range: Set the range of values to be considered background.
Boundary Search Type: Select from Corner or Edge.

Corner Computes a 4-sided polygon as the active area.
Edge Computes an arbitrary polygon around the entire edge of the imagery.
OK Click to accept your changes and close this dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel your changes and close this dialog.
Help Click to see the On-Line Help for this dialog.
122
Image Resample Options
Image Resample Options
This dialog enables you to select options for image resampling. It opens when you click the
icon in the Mosaic Tool tool bar.
Grid Sampling Density: In order to perform image reprojection, a polynomial warp

model must be computed from a uniform sampling of coordinates. Grid sampling density X &
Y determine the density of points in the uniform sampling scheme to compute this polynomial
model.
X: Enter the number of points to sample in X.
Y: Enter the number of points to sample in Y.
RMS Tolerance: (Currently an unused function)
Method: Select resampling method from the following:

Nearest Neighbor Select resampling method using Nearest Neighbor interpolation.
Bilinear Interpolation Select resampling method using Bilinear interpolation.
Cubic Convolution Select resampling method using Cubic Convolution interpolation.
Apply Click to apply the options you have selected.
Cancel Click to cancel the options you have selected and close this dialog.
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JPEG Compression
JPEG Compression
This dialog enables you to compress an image using the JPEG compression technique. Data
compression creates smaller images that take up less disk space. These images are for storage
only and cannot be viewed. They must first be decompressed using the
Utilities | Decompress JPEG Images... option from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.
☞ Decompressing a compressed image using JPEG does NOT completely restore the original
image, but it does allow you to display the image in an ERDAS IMAGINE Viewer.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the committee that
developed the standard. JPEG is designed for compressing true color and gray scale images. It
is a “lossy” compression method, meaning that data are lost in compression. However,
compressed images generally appear unchanged to the human eye. For true color imagery,
JPEG can achieve compressions of 10:1 to 20:1 with output images that are virtually
indistinguishable from the original. A compression of 5:1 is typical for gray scale imagery, since
the human eye is more sensitive to variations in brightness than in hue. Gray scale images are
usually smaller than true color images anyway.
☞ Since data values are changed in compression, it is advised that you not use images that
have been compressed in applications such as classification, where data integrity is
extremely important.
Image quality is specified by a compression quality value. This value is not a percent, but merely
a scale of image quality with 0 being the worst and 100 being the best. The default is 75 and this
is probably the best place to start with most images. You will most likely want to stay within the
50 - 95 range. Specifying a quality value of 100 will create a much larger image than if you
specified 95 with little increase in quality. On the other hand, values below 50 begin to visibly
degrade the image and values below 25 do not meet the “Baseline” JPEG standard.
☞ JPEG compression is designed for photographic-type images and should not be used on
images that contain large solid areas, discrete linear features, or annotation. It is also not
recommended that you repeat the compress/decompress cycle more than absolutely
necessary since image degradation is cumulative.
This dialog is opened when you Select Utilities | JPEG Compress Images... in the ERDAS
IMAGINE icon panel menu bar.
Input File: Enter the name of the file to compress. The default file extension is .img.
Output File: Enter a name for the compressed file. The default is the same root name as
the input file with the .imj extension.
Compression Quality: Enter the desired compression quality. Values between 50 and
95 are normally used. The default of 75 is a good starting position for most images.
124
JPEG Compression
A compression quality value that works on one image may not be appropriate for another
image.
OK Click to compress the selected file and close this dialog.
Batch Click to include this function in a batch file.

Interface manual.
125
JPEG Decompression
JPEG Decompression
This dialog enables you to decompress an image compressed using the JPEG compression
utility. Decompression does NOT completely restore the original image, but it does allow you to
view the image in the ERDAS IMAGINE Viewer.
☞ If you are going to perform classification or some other digital analysis on the original
(uncompressed) image, be sure to specify a new output file name in this dialog so that you
do not overwrite the original file.
This dialog is opened when you select Utilities | Decompress JPEG images... from the ERDAS
Input File: Enter the name of the file to be decompressed. The default file extension is
.imj.
Output File: Enter a name for the decompressed file. The default is the same root name
as the input file with the .img extension.
Use caution in selecting the output file name so that you do not overwrite the original file.
OK Click to decompress the selected file and close this dialog.

➲ For more information about JPEG compression, see the JPEG Compression dialog On-Line
Help.
Interface manual.
126
Pixel To Table
Pixel To Table
This dialog enables you to produce an ASCII file, in tabular format, from a raster image file (.img
extension). The output ASCII file (.asc extension) can be used as input to a statistical software
package.
You may specify that only certain pixels be processed by listing the map or file coordinates of
those pixels in an ASCII file (a Point file) with the .dat extension. The coordinates in the Point file
must be in the same system as those used by the image files. If the images are not
georeferenced, then the coordinates must be file coordinates.
Pixel to Table can be used without a Point file. You may process entire files, specifying a subset
and/or sample factor, if desired.
The output file (.asc extension) contains the coordinates and the data file values for each pixel,
one pixel per line. Files are processed in the order they are input to the program.
The input raster image files must be registered to one another. They must have the same
coordinate system and cell size.
If a Point file is used as input, it must be an unformatted ASCII file. The file must contain only one
coordinate pair per line (i.e., per record), with X separated from Y by a comma or a space.
i When using the Convert Pixels to ASCII utility, the ASCII file produced specifies its X and Y
coordinates in the coordinate system (map or file) specified in the Coordinate Type radio box.
If you know the subset in file coordinates, but wish to see map coordinates in the ASCII file,
then load the source image into the Viewer, and start the Inquire Box. In the Inquire Box,
change the type to File, enter the desired subset, select Apply, and then change the type to
Map. In the Pixel to Table window, select From Inquire Box, and the desired subset. The sub-
set is converted to map coordinates, and is selected.
Select Utilities | Convert Pixels to ASCII... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel to access
this dialog.
Input File: Enter the name of the input file. The default file extension is .img.
Click to open a File Selector dialog.
Add Click to add the selected file to the list of Files to export.
Remove Click to remove the selected file from the list of Files to export.
Files to export This window displays the list of input files that will be exported.
127
Pixel To Table
Coordinate Type: Select the type of coordinate system to use in defining the subset:
Map Click to use the map coordinates, if the data are rectified.
File Click to use the file coordinates, which are pixels, starting with 0,0 in the upper left
corner.
Subset Definition: Use this group to define a subset area of the data to export. The
default coordinates show the entire file.
UL X: The X coordinate of the upper left corner of the subset area.
UL Y: The Y coordinate of the upper left corner of the subset area.
LR X: The X coordinate of the lower right corner of the subset area.
LR Y: The Y coordinate of the lower right corner of the subset area.
Sample: If Subset is the selected Type of Criteria, then you may specify a sampling of the
subset.
X: An integer (N) entered in this field selects every Nth pixel in the X axis for the sample.
Y: An integer (N) entered in this field selects every Nth pixel in the Y axis for the sample.
Type of Criteria: Use this group to select the method by which pixels are identified to be
written to the output file.
AOI Uses an AOI file.
Point File Use an ASCII file containing coordinates.
Subset Use the Subset Definition and/or Sample groups to define the region.
Point or AOI File: If Point File or AOI is the selected Type of Criteria, then you must
specify the Point file or AOI file. The default file extension is .aoi for AOI files and .dat for Point
files.
Output File: Use this filename part to select or enter the name of the ASCII output file.
The .asc file extension will be added automatically.
128
Pixel To Table
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog .
From Inquire Box Click this button to define a subset area of the data by using the
Viewer Inquire Box.

Interface manual.
129
Table to Pixel
Table to Pixel
This dialog enables you to produce a raster image file from an ASCII file (.asc extension) that
was produced by the Pixel to Table utility. After the ASCII file is analyzed by the statistical
software package, then this new data can be used to produce a raster image file by Table to
Pixel.
The input file can be any multiband ASCII file that was produced by the Pixel to Table utility.
You need to know whether the stored coordinates in the ASCII file are in map coordinates or file
coordinates. This may be determined by examining the X and Y coordinate fields. File
coordinates are integers and map coordinates are real numbers.
If the ASCII file contains map coordinates, then you need to know the cell size for the original
raster image file. You may obtain this information from the header file of the original raster image
file.
Select Utilities | Convert ASCII to Pixels... in the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel menu bar to
access this dialog.
Input File: Enter the name of the ASCII file and press return or select the file name from
the filename part. The default file extension is .asc.
Files to create/overwrite: This window displays the names of the new image files that
will be generated from this ASCII file.
Coordinate Type: Click to select the type of coordinate in which to display the data.
Map Click to use the map coordinates, if the data are rectified.
File Click to use the file coordinates, which are pixels, starting with 0,0 in the upper left
corner.
Subset Definition: Use this group to define a subset area of the data to display. The
default coordinates show the entire file.
UL X: The X coordinate of the upper left corner of the subset area.
UL Y: The Y coordinate of the upper left corner of the subset area.
LR X: The X coordinate of the lower right corner of the subset area.
LR Y: The Y coordinate of the lower right corner of the subset area.
Cell Size: If the file contains map coordinates, use this group to enter the cell size.
X: Size of the X axis.
130
Table to Pixel
Y: Size of the Y axis.
Options:
Never overwrite files Click if you want to be warned of an impending file overwrite.
When this check box is active, or if the existing file is already write protected, the Redirect
File dialog is opened so that you may enter a new file name for output.
Data Type: Click on this popup list to select the data type of the file to be created from
the ASCII file. The default type is unsigned 8-bit.

Interface manual.
131
Redirect File
Redirect File
If the Never overwrite files check box in the Table To Pixel dialog is selected, or if the existing
file is write protected, this dialog is opened so that you may select another output file name.
Enter a new name: Use this filename part to enter a new file name in the text field or
select a file name from the window below. The default file extension is .img.
OK Click to use the new file name and close this dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog. The file is not written.

Interface manual.
132
Image Chip Maker
Image Chip Maker

The Image Chip Maker creates image chips of dimensions 74 X 74 (the size used by the File
Selector) for all files of raster imagery specified. An image chip is an RGB representation of the
entire image in the image file using the layers indicated by the <File Type> <Color> Band
Default preferences (e.g. TM Red Band Default or AVHRR Blue Band Default) from the User
Interface and Session category of the Preference Editor. The chip is laced in a file by the name
of <Base Image Name>.chp. Image chip files are in the native IMAGINE file format.
Input File or Directory: Select or enter the file from which chips will be generated.
Options
Generate image chips for...
The currently selected file This option will generate a single image chip for the
currently selected file.
All image files in the directory of This option will generate image chips for all files
of raster imagery that reside in the same directory as the selected file.
☞ When using the Image Chip Maker to build all image chips in a directory, the images with
external pyramid layers will not be calculated properly. For those images with external
pyramid layers, build the image chip for that file explicitly instead of for the entire directory.
Force chip re-creation Click this checkbox to recreate image chips for the currently
selected file or for all files of raster imagery that reside in the same directory as the
selected file.
OK Accept all information and generate image chips.
Cancel Dismiss this dialog without generating any image chips.
Help Display this On-Line Help dialog.
133
Create Lowercase Parallel Links
Create Lowercase Parallel Links

This dialog allows you to create a directory tree parallel to a source directory tree in which all
directory and file names are in lowercase lettering and without the version extensions. This utility
allows IMAGINE to recognize files which might erroneously appear to be in uppercase lettering
or have version number extensions when a CD is mounted on a machine.
Source Type: Select a directory or CDROM device.

Directory
cdrom
Enter a source directory: Enter the uppercase source directory.
Select a cdrom device as the source: Select a configured cdrom device as input.
Enter a destination directory for links: Enter where to create the lowercase
parallels.
Delete destination directory if exists Click on button to delete existing lowercase

parallel tree.
OK Click to confirm changes and dismiss the dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel changes and dismiss the dialog.
Help Click to view this On-line Help file.
134
Font Table Maker
Font Table Maker

This dialog enables you to output a character grid map for any of the fonts supported in ERDAS
IMAGINE, including international fonts. This map shows all of the available characters as well as
the ASCII value and English character. This map has been designed as two pages, with the first
page being the low ASCII characters and the second page being the high ASCII characters.
Once it is created, you can view this map using Map Composer and print to an output device. If
you are going to print this map, you should have the output device in mind before creating the
map, so that you can enter the correct page width and height to avoid unnecessary paneling.
This dialog is opened when you select Utilities | Create Font Tables... from the ERDAS
Font Table Name Enter a name for the font table to be created. The default file extension
is .map.
Page Width: Enter the width of ONE page of the printed map composition in the selected
units. The actual map composition will be twice as wide as the number entered here.
If this size is larger than the printable area of your printer, IMAGINE will create multiple map
panels. For example, a Kodak printer will print only on a 7.5” x 10” area to allow a one-inch
margin on an 8.5” x 11” sheet of paper. If you entered a Page Width of 10.8, the map
composition would print in multiple panels.
On the other hand, if you enter a size that is significantly smaller than the actual printable area
of the output device, but not small enough to fit both pages of the map, the second page of
the map will start on the first page and finish on the second page.
Height: Enter the height of the final printed map composition in the selected units. If this
size is larger than the printable area of your printer, IMAGINE will create multiple map panels.
For example, a Kodak printer will print only on a 7.5” x 10” area to allow a one-inch margin on
an 8.5” x 11” sheet of paper. If you entered a Height of 8.3”, the map composition would print
on multiple panels.
Units: Click on this popup list to choose the units used above to specify the size of the
map composition.
inches Size units will be in inches. This is the default.
centimeters Size units will be in centimeters.
points Size units will be in points.
Font: Select the font to print by clicking the desired font in the scrolling list.
135
Font Table Maker
Apply Click to make the font table.

To view this table, select File | Open | Composition... from a Viewer menu bar. In the Open
Map Composition dialog, enter the name of this map composition.

Interface manual.
➲ Under UNIX the source code for this program is included in the example programs delivered
with the C Programmers’ Toolkit.
136
Image Compare
Image Compare
The Image Compare utility allows you to compare specified features between two images. To
open this dialog, select Utilities | Compare Images... from the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.
First Image: Select the first file for comparison.
Second Image: Select the second file for comparison with the first.
Compare Options: Select which image features will be compared.

Log File: Select this option to send the output from Image Compare to a log file;
otherwise, the output will be sent to the session log.
Compare Layer Info: Select this option to compare the layer widths/heights, data types,
layer types (thematic, continous, etc), image block width/height, and number of blocks
wide/high.
Compare Raster Data: Select this option to compare the actual pixel values within each
image.
Compare Map Info: Select this option to compare the Map Information within each image.
Compare Projection Info: Select this option to compare the Projection Information within
each image.
Append Log File: Select this option to append the results of this comparison to the log
file; otherwise, the log file will be removed before the new results are written to the file.
Compare Descriptor Table: Select this option to compare the tables of information
within the descriptor tables of each image. The number of tables and contents of the
tables will be compared.
Compare Statistics: Select this option to compare the statistics of each image.
Compare Pyramid Layers: Select this option to compare the number of pyramid layers
and the pixel values within each level.
Compare XForms: Select this option to compare any calibrations (Map Models) that
have been written into the images using the Geometric Correction Tool.
OK Click to run this program with the options selected and close this dialog.
137
Image Compare
138
DLL Version Tool
DLL Version Tool

The DLL Version Tool provides information on Dynamically Loadable Library (DLL) classes
within IMAGINE. This information is useful for developers and IMAGINE system administrators.
The tool provides some standard information on each DLL class as well as a dynamic help
interface to the class instances for each class.
Although some of the fields appear editable, the entire tool only provides read-only information.
Since the text information is dynamically generated, it is displayed in editable widgets so that the
user can scroll through the entire text content (in cases where it is too long to fit in the entire
widget). The user will not be able to modify the text, however.
This dialog opens when you select Help | IMAGINE DLL Information... from the ERDAS
IMAGINE icon panel.
DLL Class Information Click on this file tab to display information about a particular
DLL class.
Class: Click on the popup list to select the DLL class name. Currently documented
classes include:
ApplicationFunctions
DescriptorTables
GeometricModels
GeomodelInterfaces
RasterFormats
ResampleMethods
Owner: The name of the owner package that controls access to this DLL class.
Description: A description of the use and features of this DLL class.
DLL Instance Information Click on this file tab to display information about a particular
DLL instance within a class.
Instance: Click on the popup list to select the DLL instance name. Currently documented
instances include:
GeometricModels_affine
GeometricModels_polynomial
GeometricModels_projection
139
DLL Version Tool
RasterFormats_grid
RasterFormats_tiff
RasterFormats_uai
Path: The directory path in which this instance was found.
Description: The version, vendor, and other information about the instance.
Titles: The objects from the class supported by this instance.
Quit Click to close this dialog.
Help Class Click to view the On-Line Help for a particular DLL class, if available.
Help Instance Click to view the On-Line Help for particular DLL instances within a class,
if available.
140
Data Preparation
Data Preparation
This menu gives you access to a set of tools that are useful in general data preparation. This
dialog opens when you click the icon on the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel.
Create New Image... Click to open the Create File dialog, which enables you to create
a single or multi-layer image that contains a single data value.
Create Surface... Click to open the 3D Surfacing dialog, which enables you to create a
surface layer or DEM from input point elevations.
Subset Image... Click to open the Subset dialog, which enables you to create and define
a subset image.
Image Geometric Correction... Click to open the Set Geo Correction Input File
dialog, which is part of the Geometric Correction Tool. This dialog enables you to select the
image you want to rectify.
Mosaic Images... Click to open the Mosaic Tool, which enables you to mosaic two or
more images together. The images must be rectified and/or calibrated.
Unsupervised Classification... Click to open the Unsupervised Classification

dialog.
Reproject... Select this option to resample an image into a different projection. The
Reproject Images dialog is opened.
Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this menu.
141
Reproject Images
Reproject Images
This dialog gives you access to the reproject utilities. The Reproject dialog is a function that
reprojects or transforms raster image data from one map projection to another. Reprojection can
be performed on a single georeferenced file or multiple georeferenced files using the Batch
Wizard.
Comparing the reproject model of Geometric Correction to the reproject in Data Preparation,
reproject in Data Preparation can directly transform the raster data without polynomial
approximation when the fast approximation fails to achieve the geometric accuracy requirement.
This is in cases where either the projection systems cannot be easily mapped with simple
polynomials or the geographic areas covered by the raster data are too large.
To open this dialog, click Image Interpreter from the ERDAS IMAGINE main menu, then select
Utilities..., and click Reproject.... This dialog can also be opened by clicking DataPrep from the
ERDAS IMAGINE main menu, and then by clicking on Reproject..., and off the ERDAS
IMAGINE main menu, you can select Main | Data Preparation... | Reproject... to access the
Reproject Images dialog.
Input File: Enter the name of the input file or click on the File Selector button. The default
extension is .img.
Output File: This is the Reprojected Output File Name. Enter the name of the output file
or click on the File Selector button. The .img extension is automatically added.
Output Projection: Projection categories and names can be defined by using

Projection Chooser, which can be brought up in several places throughout ERDAS
IMAGINE. One such place is Tools | Coordinate Calculator.
Categories: Select the projection category from this popup list. This is the name of a
library in which the projection is saved.
Projection: Select the name of the projection from the scrolling list. The number in
parentheses is the State Plane Zone.
Units: The output map units:

meters The output map units in meters.
feet The output map units in feet.
degrees The output map units in degrees.
Ignore Zero in Stats. Ignore zero when computing statistics for the output file.
Output Cell Sizes:
142
Reproject Images
X: The Default Output X Cell Size. Enter the X cell size for the resampled image.
Y: The Default Output Y Cell Size. Enter the Y cell size for the resampled image.
Resample Method: Select resampling method from the following:

Nearest Neighbor Select resampling method using the value of the closest pixel to
assign to the output pixel value.
Bilinear Interpolation Select resampling method using the data file values of four pixels
in a 2 x 2 window to calculate an output value with a bilinear function.
Cubic Convolution Select resampling method using the data file values of sixteen pixels
in a 4 x 4 window to calculate an output value with a cubic function.
True Transformation Directly uses the original mathematical formula of projections for
reprojection without approximation. This is a slow process, but with true geometric fidelity.
Polynomial Approximation: Uses polynomials to approximate the transformation

between map projections. This is a fast and commonly accepted process. In terms of
geometric accuracy, the approximation works for most raster images, especially when the
geographic areas covered by the images are small. The root mean square error (RMSE) of
the approximation is reported back to the IMAGINE session log.
Maximum poly order: This is the maximum polynomial order allowed for polynomial
approximation. When deriving the polynomial solution, the polynomials which have the lowest
possible order and satisfy the tolerance are used.
Tolerance (pixels): This is the RMSE tolerance for polynomial approximation.

Searching for the right polynomials is a sequential process starting with the first order of
polynomials. The search stops once the tolerance is satisfied.
If tolerance exceeded: If the tolerance is not satisfied after searching from the first to
the maximum polynomial order, the following two options are chosen:
Continue Approximate Continue to use polynomial approximation with the solution

which has the lowest RMSE if the tolerance is exceeded.
True Transform If the tolerance is exceeded, use direct transformation instead.
OK Click to perform the reprojection process and close the dialog.
Batch Click to put the reprojection process in the Batch Wizard. The Batch Wizard allows
multiple images to be reprojected into the same projection system in the same process.
143
Reproject Images
Cancel Click to cancel the application and close the Reproject Images dialog.
Help Click to display this On-Line Help file for the Reproject Images dialog.
144

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Search and Replace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Current Line Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Raster Attribute Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Merge Raster Attribute Columns: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Add Area Column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Open Tape Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Define Data Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Hierarchical File Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Print Options (Image Info) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Statistics Generation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Compute Pyramid Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Change Map Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Statistics Generation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Map Info Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Map Projection Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Pyramid Layers Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Compute Point Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Input Projection and Units Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Output Projection and Units Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Set View Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Add Frame To Movie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Set Display Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Using the VUE Player Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Band Combinations (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Raster Options (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Image Drape Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Convert Viewer to .img . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Level Of Detail (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Print (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Load Positions (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Save Positions (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Sun Positioning (from ImageDrape) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Mosaic Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Open Mosaic File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Save Mosaic File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Mosaic to Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Mosaic Image List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Add Images for Mosaic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Mosaictool FLS File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Matching Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Mosaic Intersection List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Set Overlap Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Mosaic Output List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Output Image Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Run Mosaic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Active Area Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Image Resample Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

JPEG Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

JPEG Decompression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Pixel To Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Table to Pixel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Redirect File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Image Chip Maker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Create Lowercase Parallel Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Font Table Maker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135