STPM 2022 – MOCK ANSWER STPM CHEMISTRY SEM 2

4-
16. a) [Fe(CN)6] (aq) [1] 19. a) m1 : carbon is a non-metal [1]
b) i. [Fe(CN)6]4-(aq) + ½ I2(aq) → I-(aq) + [Fe(CN)6]3-(aq) [1] m2 : which is hold by giant covalent structure [1]
ii. Eocell = + 0.18V [1] m3 : each C is covalently bonded to 4 other C atom to form
iii. Pt(s) I[Fe(CN)6]4-(aq),[Fe(CN)6]3-(aq) II I2(aq), I-(aq) IPt(s) via sp3 hybridisation [1]
c) Half cell I2/I- [1] ; Half cell [Fe(CN)6]4-/[Fe(CN)6]3- [1] m4 : m4 : lead is a metal [1]
Salt brigde and complete cell [1] flow of electrons [1] [4] m5 : hold by strong metallic bond [1]
m6 : lead delocalised its valance electrons and for attraction
forces with the metal ions formed [1]
b) m7 : CCl4 is a non polar molecules [1]
m8 : Cl is more electronegative than C [1]
m9 : hence + C – Cl – bond is polar [1]
m10 : As CCl4 is tetrahedral and molecule is symmetrical [1]
m11 : vector of the bond polarity in 4 C–Cl cancelled off each
other causing overall dipole moment become 0 [1]
17. a) Increase Ar < Cl2 < P4 < S8 < Na < Mg < Al < Si [1] c) m12 : Si is a metalloid which suitable to be use semicon [1]
@ increase from Na to Si, and decrease from Si to Ar (depend) m13 : there’s a small band gaps between conduction band and
b) P4, S8, Cl2 are simple covalent molecules hold by weak Van valence band [1]
Der Waals forces [1] m14 : when heated, conductivity activities increased [1]
Ar is monoatomic gas hold by weak Van Der Waals forces [1] m15 : when added with dopant such as Boron or phosphorous,
c) melting point increase from Na < Mg < Al since Na, Mg, Al electrical conductivities can also increased [1]
are hold by strength metallic bond increased [1]
number of valence electrons increased from Na < Mg < Al, 20. a) m1 : volatility is the tendency of substance to evaporate
hence number of delocalised e- increased [1] under normal atmospheric pressure [1]
d)- Si are hold by giant covalent structure [1] m2 : volatility decreased from Cl2 > Br2 > I2 [1]
- each Si are covalently bonded to 4 other Si atom via sp3 m3 : as they are simple covalent molecule hold by weak Van
hybridisation to form giant network [1] Der Waals forces [1]
m4 : strength of weak Van Der Waals forces increased as the
18 a) m1 : Hhyd Y+, Cl- m2 : LE for YCl m3 : Hsoln YCl [3] molecular size increased from Cl2 < Br2 < I2 [1]
Energy / kJ b) m5 : as Cl- ion and Br- ion react with con. sulphuric acid, it
Y+ (g) + Cl– (g) first act as Bronsted Lowry acid [1]
[(–473) + (–378)] m6 : Eq : Cl- (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → HCl + HSO4- (aq) [1]
m7 : white fume released is HCl [1]
(– 916) Y+ (aq) + Cl– (aq)
m8 : as conc. H2SO4 is weaker oxidising agent than Cl2 [1]
(+65) m9 : conc. H2SO4 is stronger oxidising agent than Br2 [1]
YCl (s) m10 : bromide ion were further oxidised by H2SO4 [1]
m4 : Hsoln YCl = Hhyd – LE @[(–473) + (–378)] – (–916)[1] m11 : 2 HBr + H2SO4 → Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O [1]
m5 : = + 65 kJ mol-1 [1] m12 : reddish brown gas produced is bromine gas [1]
ii. m6 : XCl is soluble in water, while YCl is sparingly soluble c) m13 : reactivity of H2 with Cl2, Br2 and I2 decreased down
in water [1] Group 17 [1]
m7 : Since Hsoln YCl is endothermic as LE YCl > Hhyd YCl m14 : H2 (g) + X2 (g) → 2 HX (g) [1]
m8 : Since Hsoln XCl is endothermic as LE XCl < Hhyd XCl m15 : since the electronegativity / strength as oxidising agent
m9 : ionic character of XCl is greater than YCl / difference of increased from I2 < Br2 < Cl2 [1]
electronegativity between X-Cl is greater than YCl [1]
b) i. m10 : Hc heat released when 1 mol of substance is
burned in excess oxygen under standard condition [1]
ii. m11 ; Mg (s) + ½ O2 (g) + MgO (s) [1]
m12 : mol MgO = 5.24 / 24.3 + 16.0 [1]
m13 : = 0.130 mol [1]
m14 : HC = q / mol @ 78.3 kJ / 0.130 [1]
m15 : = – 602 kJ mol-1 [1]
 Section A
Using Hess Law, H2 (g) + ½ O2 (g) → H2O (g) HC = –286 [1] ; C6H10 (l) + 17/2 O2 (g) → 6 CO2 (g) + 5 H2O (g)
1. B HC = –3754 [2] ; C6H12 (l) + 9 O2 (g) → 6 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g) HC = –3920 [3] ; therefore in the hydrogenation
C6H10 (l) + H2 (g) → C6H12 (l) Hrxn = (–286) + (–3754 ) + (+ 3920) = –120 kJ mol-1.
H1 = formation [exo] ; H2 = atomisation of Na [endo] ; H3 = atomisation of Cl [endo] ;
2. B
H4 = 1st ionsation energy of Na [endo] ; H5 = 1st electron affinity O [exo]
Dissolution of NaOH in water is an exothermic reaction, where solute is dissolve in infinite water to form aqueous ion
3. A
solution ; Since Hsoln is exothermic hence Hhyd > LE ; while NaOH is ionic comppound
½ eq at anode : Fe (s) → Fe2+ + 2e- ; ½ eq at cathode : Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu ; Eocell = (+0.34) - (–0.44) = + 0.78V mass
4. C
of anode (Fe) decrease ; while e- flow from Fe2+/Fe half cell to Cu2+/Cu half cell
Q = It @ Q = (3.00)(1.93 x 103) ; Q = 5790C ; mol e- = 5790 / 96500 ; mol e- = 0.06 mol ; Al3+ + 3e- → Al ; mol Al =
5. B
0.02 mol ; mass Al = 0.02 x 27.0 = 0.54 g
Since recycling Al is merely heating Al to molten and reform back, hence it saves a lot of electrical energy required to
6. D
electrolysed Al2O3.
Order of descending Mg (highest cond since delocalise 2e and larger metallic radius) > Be (since delocalised 2e-) > Li
7. A
(since delocalised 1e-) > Si (semi conductor)
From description, W is Mg (since it burn in air to form while light) while Y is S (burn in blue flame) ; so W has
8. A higher melting point that Y, while W is conductor while Y is insulator ; WO is giant ionic crystal lattice while YO2 is
simple covalent molecule ; WO is insoluble in water while YO2 dissolve in water to form H2YO3
R is Be ; BeO is amphoteric ; Be compound is mostly covalent due to high charge density ; when dissolve in water, it
9. A
can form Be(H2O)4]2+ ; Be has very high ionisation energy due to it has smallest atomic radius
Since both lattice energy and enthalpy change of hydration are proportional to of the ions. Hence, when going down
to Group 2 sulphate, both of these energies decrease as the size of Group 2 metal ion increase. However, the rate of
10. D
decreasing in lattice energy is less significant than the rate of decreasing in enthalpy change of hydration. This is
because the size of sulphate ion, SO42- is much larger than the size of metal ions
11. D Melting point decreased down Group 14, so is acidity and stability of +4 oxidation state.
12. B When heated its brown and cooled is yellow, therefore M is Pb
13. D When Ag+ reacti with I- it form yellow precipitate that does not dissolve in NH3
Across 1st period of transition element, as e- increase, inner 3d screening increase, causing increase increase in nuclear
14. D charge and screening effect cancelled each other. While valence electron from 3d and 4s caused electrical conductivity
and metallic bond to be higher. Only density is not influenced by valance electron
15. C Diamminetetraaquairon(II) chloride is [Fe(NH3)2H2O]4]Cl2