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FLOOD
Flood is an overflow of water that soaks or
covers land. Floods are the most frequent type of natural disaster worldwide. It is preceded by rain which falls to the surface of the earth .
There are several types of flood. Periodic floods
occur naturally on many rivers, forming an area known as the flood plain. These river floods usually result from heavy rain, sometimes combined with melting snow, which causes the rivers to overflow their banks. A flood that rises and falls rapidly with little or no advance warning is called a flash flood. The flood can be caused by nature and it is also caused by bad habit of human who do not care about the environment, but the most common cause is because of the over capacity of the body of water, example river or lake. As a result some of the water flows outside of the body of water. It can also occur in rivers, when the strength of the river is so high that it flows right out of the river channel. A flood from sea may be caused by a heavy storm, a high tide, a tsunami, or a combination the three.
Soil and vegetation absorbs most of the surface
water, floods happen when there are lack of trees and the soil alone cannot absorb all the water. The water then runs off the land in quantities that cannot be carried in stream channels or kept in natural ponds or man-made reservoirs. A flood can also be caused by blocked sewage pipes and waterways, it can be disastrous for humans when it happens in an area that people live because the water carries along objects, such as the Jakarta flood.
Common warning signs include intense rainfall,
dam or levee failure as well as other events such as slow moving tropical storms and early snow melt can all contribute to flooding, whether you live in a flood zone or not. As floodwaters spread they can threaten lives, inundate properties and businesses, destroy belongings, damage vital infrastructure and prevent access to essential public services. Often the effects of flood are long term and can be very costly, disruptive and distressing for communities involved. One of the most significant impacts of flood is the damage to, and destruction of, homes and personal belongings. This often results in grief, stress and sadness over the loss of irreplaceable possessions and built up equity. For some there are the added long-term difficulties of claiming insurance and finding resources to repair, rebuild or relocate following the flood.