REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

Commission on Higher Education

SOUTHERN, MASBATE ROOSEVELT COLLEGE, INC.
Avenido st., Katipunan, Placer, Masbate, Philippines 5408 School ID. 403785

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

Subject Time & Date: 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM Year & BSED - English 3 Room 8 SchoolY ear: A.Y. 2022 - 2023 ( Second Semester)
(MWF) Section: :
Name: Elmery Chrysolite C. Velasco Subject: EDUC 10: Assessment in Learning 2 ( room 8) Subject Instructress: Maridel Villester - Gelig, LPT

Question: As a teacher, how will you handle or deal a student who has dyslexia or attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) in the classroom?

Education is the key to success and school serves as a traditional vehicle that shapes the 21st century learners' intellectual journey in an interactive classroom
setting. Teachers play a vital role in creating a positive environment that supports students' learning journey. Consequently, school serves as a solid
foundation and a stepping stone to help students achieve and showcase the prerequisite 21st century skills and embody lifelong learning. No matter how
distinct each existing curriculum in every school attains and how diverse the 21st century learners can be whether of race, culture, language barrier or with
disabilities or not; still there is a certain learning facilitator that acquiescently makes the classroom setting more inclusive and encourages students to explore
new learning endeavors. Curriculum itself is the heart of schooling and can be a framework to enhance the education system. In addition, school can be a
training ground for students to assess their own strengths and weaknesses, embracing their flaws wholeheartedly, giving the students opportunity to exhibit
learning, and foster the acquisition of knowledge. Nevertheless, the concept of students and teachers are interconnected with one another, which orchestrates a
meaningful relationship blossoming into a special bond that integrates collaboration and upholds the value of improvement in the teaching and learning
process. In this modern era, to every student ameliorating education is a luxury. Education reckons a purpose and gave a huge impact to the betterment of
our nation's future. Education can be a hallmark for evolution and a pioneer for change and innovation. Its significance is adequately conceived to be
immeasurable. Thus, the existence of learning in an inclusive classroom setting is clearly evident and can be seen visibly when teachers and students cultivates
harmony and upholds the vision and core values of the school institution.

The most common learning disorder is called dyslexia. Dyslexia makes it hard to recognize and use the sounds in language. Dyslexia is a learning disorder that
interferes with an individual's ability to read. A person with dyslexia have a hard time decoding new words, or breaking them down into manageable chunks
they can then sound out. This causes difficulty with reading, writing and spelling. They may compensate by memorizing words, but they’ll have trouble
recognizing new words and may be slow in retrieving even familiar ones. Dyslexia is not a reflection of a child’s intelligence, in fact it’s defined as a gap
between a student’s ability and achievement. Some youngsters with dyslexia are able to keep up with their peers with extra effort at least for the first few
grades. A young person with dyslexia may "struggle with learning even simple rhymes, attains a speech delay,have trouble following directions,repeat or omit
short words such as 'and, the, but', find it difficult to tell left from right." In school, children with dyslexia are likely to: have difficulty sounding out new
words, lack fluency compared to other children their age, reverse letters and numbers when reading, find it difficult to take notes and copy down words from
the board, struggle with 'rhyming, associating sounds with letters, and sequencing and ordering sounds', stumble and have difficulty spelling even common
words; frequently they will spell them phonetically, becomes tired or frustrated from reading, and avoid being called on to read out loud in front of
classmates. In addition, dyslexia affects children outside of school as well. Kids with dyslexia may also: finds it difficult to decode logos and signs, struggles
when trying to learn the rules to games, have difficulty keeping track of multi-step directions, struggle with getting the hang of telling time, find it especially
challenging to learn another language, and become incredibly frustrated, which can effect their mood and emotional stability.

The challenges for learners with dyslexia vary from person to person, so the focus of teaching should be on making the learning environment as inclusive and
supportive as possible. Dyslexia affects a lot more than reading, it can also impact a child socially. “A dyslexic person who has word-finding difficulties can
have trouble with their expressive language,” says Scott Bezsylko, the executive director of Winston Preparatory School. Dyslexia can result in frustration,
embarrassment, avoidance and low self-esteem as a result of difficulties performing tasks that seem to come naturally to others. Children each learn and
develop at their own pace, and reading is no different from other skill building. It’s common for kids to find reading challenging at one point or
another.Dyslexia is most commonly associated with trouble learning to read. It affects a child’s ability to recognize and manipulate the sounds in language. In
an interactive classroom setting, a teacher should create a supportive and collaborative classroom culture by getting to know all the 21st century learners as
individuals despite how diverse each one can be and encouraging them to get to know each other. This will help learners feel comfortable thinking about ways
to do tasks and asking for support. A teacher should also use multisensory input and activities to give learners more than one way to make connections and
learn concepts. For example, use flash cards, puppets, story videos and real objects in the classroom. When learners use more than one sense at a time, their
brain is stimulated in a variety of ways. Multisensory activities may involve a combination of reading, listening, viewing, touching an object, moving physically
around the space, or using gesture.

Consequently, a good teacher should be a rampant support among its learners with dyslexia. A learning facilitator should offer learners choices in how they
engage with tasks to make learning more meaningful and inclusive. For example, learners might ‘draw’ rather than write notes during a listening task or
while preparing for a speaking task. In addition, having L-shaped cards available for learners to frame sections of textbook pages and help focus their
attention. Encourage learners to use a plain piece of paper to cover reading texts and reveal one line at a time as they read. These are useful techniques for all
learners when you are teaching reading skills. Moreover, present new language in small and manageable chunks so that you don’t overload learners. Focus on
key language from the exam wordlists and the language specifications in the teacher handbook. Offer lots of opportunities for learners to recap and review
language, especially from the exam wordlists. Use varied techniques to help learners memorise new words, including drawing, music or rhythm, movement,
gesture and visualisation techniques. Also a teacher should communicate and talk to the learners about what type of feedback works best for them. Remember
that hearing the teacher’s voice can feel more personal and supportive than receiving written feedback in red pen, so try making a short video or voice
recording with your comments. A teacher should always remember that assessment should be ongoing and isn’t the end of the learning process. If you give
something back to a learner to correct, make sure you check the next version and then give them feedback on this too. The challenges that learners with
dyslexia experience often lead to low levels of confidence, so remember to include positive feedback to encourage learners and build self-esteem.

It is important to be aware that for students with dyslexia lesson time can be a constant battle between comprehension and note-taking. Students must listen to
instructions to learn and check their own understanding, whilst notes are important as dyslexics normally need to go over information several times to retain
what they have learned. In situations where it is important for your students to take some active notes, try providing them with a handout with questions to
answer concerning the key points that you would like them to learn. This way students do not feel like they need to copy down everything that they hear,
something that they will unlikely be able to do, but instead, feel safe in the knowledge that they have all of the revision notes that they will need. If you are
listening to pre-recorded information attempt to provide a transcript and ask your students to highlight key information. Challenge them to highlight no more
than ten points so that they are selective and do not simply highlight everything. If you can, play the recording three times. The first time ask your students to
listen without writing anything down, then give two further attempts for them to highlight, process, and consolidate the information that they have heard. It is
likely that students with dyslexia will have a lower level of spelling and grammar (SPAG) than the average student. Avoid obsessing over this. There are
certainly times when spelling and grammar are important, however, they are rarely more important than the content of a piece of work. The over-emphasis of
accuracy regarding SPAG risks damaging a student’s confidence in their ability to express their ideas and will likely be unproductive. If you identify that a
student is repetitively making the same mistake, discuss this with them so that they can identify and rectify the error. It is important to note that, especially
where it regards spelling, dyslexics are often criticized for “not proofreading” their work. Avoid this, as students are generally unable to identify their own
errors and therefore cannot rectify them without help. In fact, they may have reread their work multiple times before submitting it. It goes without saying that
identifying errors should give the student an opportunity to develop and not the teacher an opportunity to shame or embarrass.

Teachers should embody the skills on how to handle students with dyslexia. They should bare in mind that students will likely appreciate it if you help them
identify the misspelling of a word that is central to an argument, however, will be disheartened if a comment is made regarding every error. As nowadays most
“real life” writing goes through a computer, with a spell check feature, emphasize the content of students’ work and not their SPAG. However, do watch out
for students using spell check and choosing the wrong correction- for example, boarder vs border.Where possible try and give your students a little more time
when completing tasks. As a general rule 25% extra time is a good starting point. This again allows your students to showcase their skills instead of being
inhibited simply due to lack of time. As it is difficult for some dyslexics to retain information quickly, especially lists, make sure clear instructions are given to
avoid confusion. Write down exactly what you want your students to do on the board or include instructions on any handouts. Students with dyslexia often get
tired quickly when reading or their reading pace is slower than average. For courses where there is a reading list think of providing a second condensed
version. Dyslexia can present itself in so many different ways, so talk to your students. Ask them how you can provide support and create a personalized
learning plan together as students are often very good at finding their own techniques to succeed. Be aware of not forcing learning methods onto students as
not everything works for everyone. As checking on student’s comprehension is extremely important for teachers, try asking questions to students with dyslexia
during a review at the beginning of the following lesson. This way the student has had time to understand what they have heard and complete any homework
to solidify their knowledge. Create a situation for your students to demonstrate their knowledge instead of being disheartened if they cannot respond to a
question straight away. Additionally, do not underestimate students with dyslexia. Many dyslexic students can achieve top results and deserve praise to
achieve the academic success they have often had to put in many more hours than the average student and must be extremely organized and determined.This
being said, do not allow students to use their dyslexia as an excuse, make sure they are aware that although some things may be more challenging for them,
good results are possible. If you have confidence in them, they will have confidence in themselves.

In this modern era, improving students’ reading comprehension is a top-tier. Reading is a luxury especially among students with disabilities such as children
with special needs. Reading comprehension is one of the pillars of the act of reading. When a person reads a text he engages on a complex array of cognitive
processes, in this part children who suffers from dyslexia can experience a difficult time with. The concept of reading comprehension in this modern era is like
a spectrum, it is deemed to be dynamic and multi-dimentional due to its complexity and contextualization especially on how it evolves and gradually changes
as time passes by. Nevertheless, reading comprehension reckons a purpose and procures plenty of function, not just merely on acquiring basic and
comprehensive literacy but can be obtain through cradling practical or functional literacy as well. It can be applicable to real world-context scenario wherein
the 21st century learners can certainly harness their skills to its full potential, can be the better version of themselves while embracing their strengths and
weaknesses, and be equipped with the essential knowledge, skills, and competencies. Consequently, it enables students to not just understand, grasp, and
comprehend what they're reading but to employ these lifelong skills and associate it in a different circumstances not just enclasping it in an interactive
classroom setting. Reading comprehension serves as a vital tool, a crucial asset, and an efficient medium to showcase the prerequisite 21st century skills and
embody lifelong learning. Thus, the importance of reading comprehension is an understatement.

Historically speaking, learning facilitators and few researchers have accredited that the ability to comprehend a particular text is 'caught rather than taught.'
If reading intends apprehending the hidden meaning perceived by the author, teaching reading had to ascertain the acquisition of meaning; searching or
finding out whether or not the learners acknowledges the text and fully comprehend the message it tries to convey. Nevertheless, reading comprehension is
conceived as an important skill for the 21st century learners. It serves as a framework to expand your knowledge and understanding. It orchestrates the
modern definition to formulate new ideas and enables students to be more observant when it comes to assessing their own vocabulary skills. Particularly, it
gives them an opportunity to acknowledge the acquisition of meaning, exhibit learning, foster grammar awareness and uphold vocabulary development.
Reading should be an active, fluent process that involves the reader and the reading material in building meaning.Reading is the most crucial skill to master in
order to ensure success in learning and how it can be evidently developed as time passes by. With accentuated and strengthened reading comprehension skills,
21st century learners tend to make greater milestone in other areas of learning. Although, there are plenty of obstacles and major challenges that brazenly
defies the odds and confront learning facilitators, educators, instructors and practitioners faced with helping struggling readers improve their understanding
and comprehension skills in a particular literary text. Poor comprehension skills can be traced back as a struggle with issues related to inadequate
background, lack of language knowledge, lack of grammar awareness and experiential engagement of language.

As the advent of technology arises, the significance of reading comprehension is adequately conceived to be immeasurable. Furthermore, reading
comprehension plays a crucial role in our society and acquiescently gives a huge impact for its ample effects in a worldwide perspective. It serves as a
traditional vehicle and an outlet to enable learning facilitators reinforce learning and effectively impart knowledge among the 21st century learners. It can
also serves as a great platform and an avenue to accumulate information and can be a guideline to establish and strengthen the teaching and learning process.
Somehow, we should break the mediocre stereotypes, not just exuding the bare minimum but we should exert effort and attains the initiative to delve deeper,
and put value of reading and apprehend the hidden meaning of the context it upholds and how we can perceive the message it conveys. Moreover, it gives
students the opportunity to go beyond their comfort zones, boost their confidence and morale, building their character development to help them be more
engage in an interactive classroom setting. Thus, the acquisition of knowledge can be made possible, it is clearly evident and can be seen visibly. There are a
million different ways and salient factors to consider on how reading comprehension caters improvement in terms of giving the 21st century learners a great
opportunity to explore new learning endeavors, quench their thirst for knowledge, and endows them a chance to acquire literacy and be more acquainted with
literature itself. The concept of reading comprehension and literacy are both related and somehow intertwined with one another. In addition, reading
comprehension serves as a great source of enlightenment and can be a solid foundation to enhance the education system and help students achieve a higher
quality of education for the betterment of a nation's future. It serves as a training ground, can be a hallmark for evolution, and a highlight for shaping one's
grammar awareness, exercising vocabulary development, ameliorating the different macroskills, rectifying language proficiency eloquently and be more
articulate on upholding oral language fluency.

Teachers plays an essential role in our society, they're the backbone of every school institution. Indeed, in every school there's a special teacher to the heart of
every student, incorporating an amazing bond that binds them together. In times of trouble, no matter what the dilemma might be, teachers never gives up on
us despite the hardships and difficulties they're facing in life, instead they take initiative to formulate better solutions to solve that certain issue which
associate us with so we should always pay tribute, give a heartfelt gratitude and commend them for their never ending patience, dedication, commitment and
hardwork. Teachers are selfless, compassionate, caring, empathetic individuals that demonstrates enthusiasm, embodies an unwavering patience and never
hesitates to help students at their lowest. Somehow, we should break the mediocre stereotypes, not just merely exuding the bare minimum on how we can
perceive the role of teachers; but as students we should exert effort to learn how to appreciate, give value and importance among teachers. Teachers can be
our rampant support and ignites students to harness their skills to its full potential, quench their thirst for knowledge, and endows them a chance to acquire
literacy and be more acquainted on how the significant education can be. Moreover, teachers give students an opportunity to go beyond their comfort zones,
boost their confidence and morale, building their character development to help them be more engage in an interactive classroom setting. Teachers can be an
advocate for change and can be a guideline to shape us into better individuals, enables the 21st century learners to be equipped with the essential knowledge,
skills, and competencies.

Teachers can be a friend, an inspiration and a good role model that students look up to. A teacher plays an integral role in a student's life, providing support,
developing knowledge and skills, and cultivating curiosity and creativity. Teachers are indeed our backbone who never falter on supporting us on our learning
journey and holds us strong in difficult times. As students, we should appreciate and give gratitude for priceless gift of knowledge, lesson and wisdom that our
learning facilitators empowers us with. A good teacher shares academic knowledge, ethical values and assimilates moral values that help us shape our
personality as better human beings, and nurtures us to become the better version of ourselves. Teachers serves as a great platform to showcase learning and
can be an instrumental and constructive role in shaping our minds and guiding us on the path to success. Your selfless ways of guiding us on the right path.
Furthermore, teaching can be a great instrument in reinforcing learning and can be an avenue to help learning facilitators effectively impart knowledge
among the 21st century learners. Education itself serves as a vital tool, a crucial asset, and an efficient medium to showcase the prerequisite 21st century skills
and embody lifelong learning. Its importance is deemed as an understatement. Educating students serves as a great source of enlightenment and can be a
catalyst for knowledge. It can be a training ground to help students take part of their own learning. It can be a solid foundation and can be an outlet to
promulgate a higher quality of education in the active learning process. Teachers have master their own expertise of teaching and acquires their own teaching
style which makes them extraordinary and unique. Teachers can be a helping hand to give us the opportunity to achieve excellence, to accomplish success,
establish and integrate new milestones and extrapolate greater heights in our learning journey.

1 Corinthians 16:13
"Be on your guard; stand firm in the faith; be courageous; be strong."