Borana University

College of Natural & Computational Science

Department of Computer Science

Research Method in Computer Science

Chapter Two: Processes of Conducting

Research

By: Bekan A. (MSc)

01

c ontents
01 Overview of Conducting Research

02 Process of Developing Research

03 Proposal Preparation

04 Literature Reviews
02 Processes of current state-of-the-art areas
and techniques in Computing
• Computing has evolved various state-of-the-art areas
and techniques. Some of the most prominent
processes include:
§ AI and ML YOUR TITLE § Virtual and Augmented
§ Quantum Computing Reality (VR/AR)
§ Edge Computing § 5G Networks
Blockchain Technology §
Keyword Keyword
§ Cloud Computing
03 Cont ...

• AI and ML: techniques involve the development of

algorithms that can learn from data, improve
performance over time, and make decisions with
minimal human intervention.
• Quantum Computing: Quantum computing is an
YOUR TITLE

emerging technology that leverages the principles of

q u a n t u m m e c h a n i c s t o p e rfo rm c a l c u l a t i o n s
Keyword Keyword

exponentially faster than classical computers.

04 Cont ...

• Edge Computing: Edge computing involves

processing data at the edge of the network, closer to
where it is generated, rather than sending it to a
centralized data center for processing.
• Blockchain Technology: Blockchain is a distributed
YOUR TITLE

ledger technology that enables secure and transparent

transactions without the need for intermediaries.
Keyword Keyword
05 Cont ...

• 5G Networks: The development of 5G networks

represents a significant leap forward in wireless
communication technology.
• Cloud Computing: Cloud computing involves the
delivery of computing
YOUR services,
TITLE including storage,
processing power, and software, over the internet.
Keyword Keyword
06
Actors, Roles, & Relationships in Research
1. Student
• As a learner, the student is responsible for engaging with the
subject matter, conducting research, and producing
academic work.
• The relationship between the student and supervisor is
YOUR TITLE

characterized by mentorship and guidance.

Keyword Keyword
07 Cont …
2. Supervisor/Advisor
• The supervisor serves as a mentor and guide for the student
throughout their academic journey.
• The supervisor’s responsibilities include providing academic
guidance, offering feedback on research proposals and drafts,
YOUR TITLE
and ensuring that the student meets program requirements.
• The relationship between the supervisor and student is built
on trust, open communication, and mutual
Keyword respect.
Keyword
08
Actors, Roles, and Relationships
3. Examiner/Evaluator

• The examiner or evaluator is responsible for assessing the

quality of a student’s academic work.
• The examiner’s responsibilities include critically evaluating
YOUR TITLE
the student’s research methodology, findings, analysis, and
overall contribution to the field.
Keyword Keyword
09

01 Overview of Conducting Research

02 Process of Developing Research

03 Proposal Preparation

04 Literature Reviews
10 Process of developing research proposal
Developing a research proposal in computing involves several key
steps:
Step 1: Identifying the Research Problem
Step 2: Literature Review
Step 3: Formulating Research Objectives
Step 4: Methodology YOUR TITLE General form
Step 5: Significance of the Research
Step 6: Budget and Timeline
Step 7: Drafting and Revising
Keyword Keyword
11
Process of developing problem description

Steps of developing problem description are:

Step 1: Define the problem (causes, and consequences)
Step 2: Identify the stakeholders (identify who will be -
impacted)
Step 3: Determine the scope (define the boundaries)
YOUR TITLE
Step 4: Gather requirement informations
Step 5: Analyze the requirements informations
Step 6: Create a problem statement Keyword
Keyword

Step 7: Validate the problem statement

12
Process of following objectives
• Following objectives involves setting clear goals, defining
requirements, designing solutions, implementing systems,
and maintaining and updating them over time.
§ Defining objectives
§ Designing solutions
YOUR TITLE
§ Implementing systems
§ Maintaining and updating systems
§ Evaluating success
13 Presenting and Analyzing Data

• Presenting and analyzing data is a critical process in

various fields such as business, science, research, and
academia.
• It involves organizing, interpreting, and visualizing
data to derive meaningful insights and make informed
YOUR TITLE
decisions.

Keyword Keyword
14 Presenting and Analyzing Data

The process typically includes:

• Data Collection
• Data Cleaning
• Data Organization
• Data Visualization YOUR TITLE

• Statistical Analysis
• Interpretation and Reporting Keyword
15 Defending and Presenting Orally
The process of defending and presenting orally involves several
key steps:
a) Preparation (researching the topic thoroughly, organizing the
content in a logical manner).
b) Structuring the Presentation (outlining key points, creating
a clear introduction and YOUR
conclusion,
TITLE
and ensuring a logical
flow of ideas).

Keyword Keyword
16 Cont ...
c) Delivery (maintaining eye contact the audience or panel,
body language, and speaking clearly).
d) Handling Questions and Challenges (the ability to respond,
active listening to fully understand the question or challenge).
e) Adapting to Feedback (incorporating suggestions for
improvement, revisitingYOUR certain
TITLE
points for clarification, or
addressing any misunderstandings).

Keyword Keyword
17 Preparing Final Research Documentation
The process of preparing final research documentation are:
1. Review and finalize research findings
2. Structure the document
3. Writing and Formatting
4. Peer Review YOUR TITLE

5. Proofreading and Editing

6. Finalization
Keyword Keyword
18

01 Overview of Conducting Research

02 Process of Developing Research

03 Proposal Preparation

04 Literature Reviews
19
Choosing a Subject Area

• When preparing a proposal, choosing the right subject area is

crucial as it sets the foundation for the entire project.
• The subject area should align with your interests, expertise,
and the current needs of the field.
YOUR TITLE

Keyword Keyword
20
Cont ...

• Here are some steps to consider when choosing a subject

area for proposal preparation:
§ Assess your interests and expertise
§ Identify current needs in the field
§ Consider feasibility and resources
YOUR TITLE
§ Review existing literature
§ Seek feedback
§ AlignKeyword
with funding priorities Keyword
21
Choosing a Problem Within a Subject Area
• When preparing a proposal within a specific subject area, it
is crucial to carefully select a problem that is both relevant
and significant.
• The process of choosing a problem involves several key
steps, including:
• Identifying the subject area
YOUR TITLE
• Conducting thorough research
• Evaluating the potential impact of the problem
• Considering the feasibility of addressing it.
Keyword Keyword
22
Writing a Research Proposal

• A research proposal is a detailed plan that outlines a research

project’s objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes.
• Writing a research proposal involves several key steps,
including identifying the research topic, conducting a literature
review, formulating research
YOUR TITLE questions or hypotheses,

outlining the research methodology, and detailing the

anticipated impact of the study.
Keyword Keyword
23
Research proposal elements
1. Title Page
• The title page should include
§ Proposed title of the research project
§ Researcher’s name
§ Institutional affiliation
YOUR TITLE

§ Submission date
• Additionally, it may include the names of any
collaborators
Keyword
or advisors. Keyword
24
Research proposal elements (2)
2. Abstract
• The abstract provides a concise summary of the
§ Research proposal
§ Highlighting the research objectives
§ MethodologyYOUR TITLE
§ Expected outcomes.
• It should be clear and informative, giving readers an
overviewKeyword
of the proposed study. Keyword
25
Research proposal elements (3)
3. Introduction
The introduction sets the stage for the research by:
§ Providing background information on the topic
§ Discussing its significance
§ Clearly stating the research
YOUR TITLE
problem or question that the
study aims to address

Keyword Keyword
26
Research proposal elements (4)
4. Literature Review
• A thorough literature review is essential for demonstrating
an understanding of existing scholarship related to the
research topic.
• It helps situate the proposed study within the broader
YOUR TITLE
academic context and identifies gaps in current knowledge
that the research intends to fill.
Keyword
27
Research proposal elements (5)
5. Research Objectives or Hypotheses
• This section outlines the specific goals or hypotheses of
the research project.
• It should clearly articulate what the study aims to
achieve and how it will contribute to existing knowledge
YOUR TITLE
in the field.

Keyword Keyword
28
Research proposal elements (6)
6. Methodology
• The methodology section details the approach and
techniques that will be used to conduct the research.
• This includes information on data collection methods,
sample selection, YOUR TITLE , and any
relevant ethical considerations

Keyword Keyword
29
Research proposal elements (7)
7. Significance of the Study
• Here, researchers explain why their proposed study is
important and how it will contribute to advancing
knowledge in their field.
8. Timeline YOUR TITLE
• This helps demonstrate that the researcher has carefully
considered the feasibility of their proposed timeline
Keyword Keyword
30
Research proposal elements (8)
9. Budget
• This section itemizes anticipated expenses related to
conducting the research, such as equipment costs,
, , and other
relevant expenditures
YOUR TITLE
10. References
• A list of references cited throughout the proposal should
be included in a standardized citationKeyword
Keyword format (e.g., APA,
MLA).
31

01 Overview of Conducting Research

02 Process of Developing Research

03 Proposal Preparation

04 Literature Reviews
32 Importance and Roles of Literature Review
Literature review is an overview of the previously
published works on a topic.
Literature review used to:
1. Establishing the context
2. Identifying gaps and research questions
YOUR TITLE
3. Evaluating methodologies and approaches
4. Supporting theoretical frameworks
5. Informing data collection and analysis
Keyword

6. Validating research significance

33 Skills and keys to effective literature review
To conduct an effective literature review, researchers
must possess:
1. Clearly define the research question or problem
2. Identify relevant sources
3. Evaluate the credibility and relevance of sources
4. Organize the literature review
YOUR TITLE

5. Analyze and synthesize the literature

6. Write the literature review
Keyword Keyword

7. Seek feedback and revise

34
Literature Sources
• Peer-reviewed journals
• Academic books
• Conference proceedings
• Thesis and dissertations
• Government publications
YOUR TITLE
• Grey literature
• Online databases
Keyword
35
Quizz 5%

1. Write the definition of research proposal

2. Write the process of developing research proposal
3. List down atleast three sources of literature review
YOUR TITLE

Keyword
THE END