RESERVATION AGREEMENT Et Al.

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RESERVATION AGREEMENT, CONTRACT TO SELL , DEED OF SALE & WHY

THEY ARE NEEDED IN PHILIPPINE REAL ESTATE DOCUMENTS

The Reservation Agreement pertains to the agreement that focuses on the terms and conditions
on the payment of reservation fee. This is actually the first step that is necessary because it
stipulates that when the buyer does not proceed to sign the contract to sell, or for whatever
reason does not pursue with the purchase, the buyer agrees that the reservation fee will be
forfeited. Without this agreement, a buyer who can make a reservation can demand a refund
when a buyer decides not to push through because there is no legal basis for the forfeiture.
Besides, the Reservation Agreement is the basis in which the Contract to Sell shall be made
leading to the more important contract – the Contract to Sell. In brokerage term, Reservation
Agreement is called Earnest Money – a small amount of money usually few thousand pesos or
2% to 5% of the Total Contract Price to show interest to purchase on the part of the buyer and
that the property can be put on hold until such time the Contract to sell or Deed of Sale is ready
for signing.

The Contract to Sell – pertains to the entire Total Contract Price stipulating the terms and
conditions of payment and the description of the unit purchased. This is the contract that will be
used as legal basis on the right of the buyer to demand a DEED OF SALE when the property is
fully paid. But the Contract to Sell is not enough basis for the transfer of title to buyer’s name. It
will only serve as a legal document that will compel the seller / developer to execute the Deed of
Sale when the property fully paid and/or when all conditions in the contract to sell are complied
with.

The Deed of Sale or Deed of Absolute Sale, is the final contract that will be required by the
Register of Deeds for the transfer of ownership. In case of purchase by installment, this will
come later when the unit is fully paid; this deed of sale will be the basis for the issuance of
the Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT) in case of lot purchase or Condominium Certificate of
title (CCT) in case of Condominium unit purchase to be transferred in the name of the buyer
which is the final and strongest proof of ownership.

As a matter of procedure, the developer or seller requires that the buyer shall submit TIN
(Tax Identification Number) because this is required by BIR before any transaction for tax
payment is entertained and even in the purchase by installments, TIN has to be submitted in
advance in preparation for the time when the installments would reach a level that the tax to the
local government is required. Payment of 25% of total contract price is the level in which tax is
required to be paid. The developer will pay this in a form of withholding tax but needs buyer’s
TIN. The buyer’s licensed broker, through his licensed agent should be able to secure this TIN
at the local BIR office by submitting a copy of the CONTRACT TO SELL.

As a buyer of Philippine property, it is very important that your licensed real estate broker
through his/her licensed agents, is knowledgeable about this very important process of Philippine
real estate documents so he can guide you through the process. This is very important even in
cases wherein the developer does everything of the paper works and simply charge processing
fees because there are employees of developers who are not efficient enough to go through these
processes and will heed to constant and effective follow ups of a knowledgeable licensed real
estate broker.

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