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    Lesson 2 DAQ

    Uploaded by

    Raja Haris
    This document discusses data acquisition hardware and software. It covers DAQ hardware components, connection types, and configuration considerations for analog signals including resolution, range, amplification, and code width.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lesson 2 DAQ

    Uploaded by

    Raja Haris
    18 views11 pages
    This document discusses data acquisition hardware and software. It covers DAQ hardware components, connection types, and configuration considerations for analog signals including resolution, range, amplification, and code width.

    Original Description:

    Instrument and measurement

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This document discusses data acquisition hardware and software. It covers DAQ hardware components, connection types, and configuration considerations for analog signals including resolution, range, amplification, and code width.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views11 pages

    Lesson 2 DAQ

    Uploaded by

    Raja Haris
    This document discusses data acquisition hardware and software. It covers DAQ hardware components, connection types, and configuration considerations for analog signals including resolution, range, amplification, and code width.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    Advanced Instrumentation and

    Experimental Methods
    Module code DME 811

    Dr Riaz A Mufti
    (B.Sc, M.Sc Eng (UK), PhD (UK), CEng (UK), MIMechE (UK), P.E (PEC))

    Data Acquisition Hardware and Software


    DAQ Hardware Overview

    Topics
    • Hardware setup
    • Components of a DAQ device Software

    • Connection types Data


    Acquisition
    Signal
    Conditioning

    Signal

    Transducer

    ni.com/training
    Data Acquisition Hardware

    DAQ Hardware turns your PC into a measurement and


    automation system

    Your Signal
    Sensors Signal Computer
    Connector DAQ Device
    • Any type • PCI/PXI • Windows
    • Direct
    • PCIe/PXIe • Linux
    Connection
    • USB • Mac (DAQmx
    • Terminal Block
    Base)

    ni.com/training
    Configuration Considerations Analog Signal

    • Analog Input
    − Resolution
    − Range
    − Amplification
    − Code Width
    − Mode (Differential, RSE, or NRSE)

    ni.com/training
    Resolution

    • Number of bits the ADC uses to represent a signal


    • Resolution determines how many different voltage changes
    can be measured
    • Example: 12-bit resolution
    # of levels = 2resolution = 212 = 4,096 levels
    • Larger resolution = more precise representation of your
    signal

    ni.com/training
    Resolution Example

    • 3-bit resolution can represent 8 voltage levels


    • 16-bit resolution can represent 65,536 voltage levels
    16-Bit vs. 3-Bit Resolution
    (5kHz Sine Wave)
    10.00
    111
    8.75
    110 16-bit resolution
    7.50
    101
    6.25
    Amplitude 100 3-bit resolution
    5.00
    (volts) 011
    3.75
    010
    2.50
    001
    1.25
    000
    0 | | | | |
    0 50 100 150 200
    Time (ms)

    ni.com/training
    Device Range

    • Minimum and maximum voltages the ADC can digitize


    • DAQ devices often have different available ranges
    ➢ 0 to +10 volts
    ➢ –10 to +10 volts
    • Pick a range that your signal fits in
    • Smaller range = more precise representation of your signal
    − Allows you to use all of your available resolution

    ni.com/training
    Range = 0 to +10 volts
    Range Example 10.00
    (5kHz Sine Wave)
    111
    8.75
    Proper Range 7.50
    110
    101

    – Using all 8 levels to Amplitude 6.25


    5.00
    100 3-bit resolution
    (volts) 011
    3.75
    represent your signal 2.50
    010
    001
    1.25 000
    0| | | | |
    0 50 100 150 200
    Time (ms)

    Range = -10 to +10 volts


    (5kHz Sine Wave)
    10.00 111
    7.50
    5.00
    110
    101 3-bit resolution
    Improper Range
    2.50
    Amplitude 0 100
    011
    – Only using 4 levels to
    (volts) -2.50
    -5.00
    010 represent your signal
    001
    -7.50 000
    -10.00 | | | | |
    50 100 150 200
    Time (ms)

    ni.com/training
    Amplification
    • Max and min settings amplify or attenuate
    the signal for best fit in ADC range
    • Settings are 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, or 100
    for most devices
    • You don’t choose the amplification directly
    − Choose the input limits of your signal in
    LabVIEW or the DAQ Assistant
    − Proper amplification chosen by NI-DAQmx
    • Proper amplification = more precise
    representation of your signal
    − Allows you to use all of your available
    resolution

    ni.com/training
    Amplification Example

    • Input limits of the signal = 0 to 5 Volts


    • Range Setting for the ADC = 0 to 10 Volts
    • Amplification applied by Instrumentation Amplifier = 2
    Different Amplifications for 16-bit Resolution
    (5kHz Sine Wave)
    10.00
    8.75
    Amplification = 2
    7.50
    6.25
    Amplitude Your Signal
    5.00
    (volts) Amplification = 1
    3.75
    2.50
    1.25
    0 | | | | |
    0 50 100 150 200
    Time (ms)

    ni.com/training
    Code Width
    Code Width is the smallest change in the signal, which your system can detect
    (determined by resolution, range, and amplification)
    range
    code width =
    amplification * 2 resolution
    Smaller Code Width = more precise representation of your signal
    Example: 12-bit device, range = 0 to 10V, amplification = 1
    range 10
    = = 2.4 mV
    amplification * 2 resolution 1* 212
    20
    Increase range: = 4.8 mV
    1 * 212
    10
    Increase amplification: = 24 μV
    100 * 212

    ni.com/training

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