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College of Engineering and Architecture

Civil Engineering Department

MACHINE PROBLEM 3
A. Estimating Area of Curve using Numerical Integration
a. Discussion for Numerical Integration

Numerical Integration

There are numerous useful methods for obtaining anti-derivatives.


Unfortunately, some functions have no simple antiderivatives. In such cases,
if the value of a definite integral is needed it will have to be approximated.
One way to approximate an integral is to think of the integral as computing
an area, we can add up the areas of some rectangles. However, it usually
requires a large number of rectangles to get acceptable accuracy. So, we
approximate the area under a curve over a small interval as the area of a
trapezoid.

b. Objective

i. To Develop a program for any of the following Numerical Integration


(Simpson’s 1/3, Simpson’s 3/8, Boole’s Rule) using MATLAB. Note: Do
not write codes in Numerical Integration using Trapezoidal
ii. To observe the convergence behavior of different methods of
Numerical Integration as we increase intervals

c. Guidelines
The program must have the following features:
1. Define example functions and boundary conditions for you to find the
Area under the curve. (Use any even and odd function for example)
2. Input desired number of n (number of steps) and display the
results
College of Engineering and Architecture
Civil Engineering Department

3. Plot the function and shade the estimated area using


Numerical Integration under the defined function (see fig. 4
above) Hint: Plot two functions in one graph

B. Solving Centroid of Any Shapes


a. Discussion
In mathematics and physics, the centroid or geometric center
of a plane figure is the arithmetic mean position of all the
points in the figure. Informally, it is the point at which a
cutout of the shape could be perfectly balanced on the tip of a
pin. When we dealt with distributed loads, we found the
magnitude of the moment generated by the loading as the
area under the loading curve multiply by the centroidal
distance to the point we are dealing.

In Calculus the 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏


𝑏𝑏
1
𝑥𝑥̅ = � 𝑥𝑥 ∗ 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 )𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑎𝑎
𝑏𝑏
1 1
𝑦𝑦� = � ∗ [𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 )]2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑎𝑎 2

b. Objectives
i. To develop a program that solves the centroids 𝑥𝑥̅ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 �𝑦𝑦 of any of the
centroids of common shapes listed below. (Choose one only)
College of Engineering and Architecture
Civil Engineering Department

ii. To observe the strength of MATLAB to solve the centroids of any


shapes

c. Guidelines
The program must have the following features:
i. Choose one of the listed common shapes above to prove
ii. The user needs to define the points (boundaries) in the shape that are
needed to solve the function of the shape OR defined the function of
the shape
iii. Solve the centroid of the chosen shape
iv. Plot and shade the chosen shape including its centroid within the
defined boundaries

C. RUBRICS
Criteria Exemplary Satisfactory Developing Unsatisfactory
Adherence to All the required Most of the Some of the None of the
Guidelines features were required features required features required features
(35%) included. were included. were included. were included.
The program is
The program is The program is The program is
Workability functioning
functioning with functioning with not functioning at
(25%) without any
minor errors. major errors. all.
error.
The interface is The interface is
The interface can The interface
Presentability/Do highly slightly
be easily cannot be
cumentation understood with understood with
understood. understood at all.
(20%) minor difficulties. major difficulties.
The project was
The project was The project was
Promptness submitted on or The project was
submitted an submitted very
(20%) before the not submitted.
hour late. late.
prescribed time.

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