Oxford Cambridge and RSA

Monday 20 June 2016 – Morning

A2 GCE PHYSICS A
G484/01 The Newtonian World
* 1 3 2 0 8 1 6 3 6 7 *

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

OCR supplied materials: Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes

• Data, Formulae and Relationships Booklet
(sent with general stationery)

Other materials required:

• Electronic calculator

* G 4 8 4 0 1 *

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes above. Please write clearly
and in capital letters.
• Use black ink. HB pencil may be used for graphs and diagrams only.
• Answer all the questions.
• Read each question carefully. Make sure you know what you have to do before starting your
answer.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If additional space is required, you
should use the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question number(s) must be clearly
shown.
• Do not write in the bar codes.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

• The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
• The total number of marks for this paper is 60.
• You may use an electronic calculator.
• You are advised to show all the steps in any calculations.
• Where you see this icon you will be awarded marks for the quality of written
communication in your answer.
This means, for example, you should:
• ensure that text is legible and that spelling, punctuation and grammar are accurate so that
meaning is clear;
• organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary when appropriate.
• This document consists of 20 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

© OCR 2016 [Y/500/8057] OCR is an exempt Charity

DC (NF/CGW) 97809/4 Turn over
 2
Answer all the questions.

1 A ball is held above level ground. It is then dropped from rest at time t = 0.
Fig. 1.1 shows the velocity v against time t graph for this ball bouncing vertically.
Ignore the effect of air resistance.

+ D

A E
0 t
C

Fig. 1.1

(a) (i) Explain why the gradient of the line DE is the same as the gradient of the line AB.

In your answer, you should use appropriate technical terms spelled correctly.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why the area of triangle ABC is not the same as the area of triangle CDE.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

© OCR 2016
 3
(b) The ball, of mass 0.13 kg, was dropped from an initial height of 1.7 m. It remained in contact
with the ground for 75 ms while experiencing a mean upward force of 16 N.

Calculate

(i) the speed of the ball immediately before impact with the ground

speed = ................................................. m s−1 [1]

(ii) the speed of the ball immediately at D

speed = ................................................. m s−1 [2]

(iii) the maximum height reached after the first bounce.

height = ...................................................... m [1]

© OCR 2016 Turn over

 4
2 (a) State Newton’s first law of motion.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Newton’s third law suggests that forces always occur in pairs when two objects interact.

(i) State two ways in which the forces in such a pair are identical.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) State two ways in which these forces are different.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

© OCR 2016
 5
(c) Fig. 2.1 shows a fireman using a hosepipe held at 55° to the horizontal. The cross-sectional
area of the hosepipe nozzle is 3.3 × 10−4 m2. Water is ejected from the nozzle at 25 m s−1.

fireman
water travelling
at 25 m s–1

hosepipe
55°
nozzle

Fig. 2.1

(i) Show that the rate at which water is ejected from the nozzle is about 8.3 kg s−1.

density of water = 1.0 × 103 kg m−3

[1]

(ii) The mass of the fireman is 92 kg. Determine the vertical component of the force exerted
by the ground on the fireman’s feet.

force = ...................................................... N [3]

© OCR 2016 Turn over

 6
3 (a) Fig. 3.1 shows a displacement against time graph of an object undergoing simple harmonic
motion. Seven points, A to G, have been labelled on the graph.

C
displacement
B

D
0 time
A G

Fig. 3.1

(i) Write down two points that indicate when the object is at its amplitude position.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Write down a point which lags behind D by half a period.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Determine the phase difference, in radians, between points B and F.

phase difference = .................................................... rad [1]

© OCR 2016
 7
(b) Fig. 3.2 shows an airtrack glider of mass 0.45 kg held in equilibrium by two identical stretched
springs. The glider is pulled 5.0 cm to the left. When released, it oscillates without friction. The
springs are always in tension.

spring
glider

air track

Fig. 3.2

The variation of elastic potential energy stored in the springs with displacement, x, of the
glider is shown in Fig. 3.3.

elastic potential energy / mJ

100

80

60

40

20

–6.0 –4.0 –2.0 0 2.0 4.0 6.0

x / cm

Fig. 3.3

© OCR 2016 Turn over

 8
(i) Draw on Fig. 3.3 a graph to show the variation of kinetic energy with displacement of the
glider. [2]
(ii) Calculate the maximum speed of the glider.

maximum speed = ................................................. m s−1 [1]

(iii) Determine the period of the oscillations.

period = ....................................................... s [2]

© OCR 2016
 9
4 This question is about Mars and its two moons, Phobos and Deimos.

(a) Calculate

(i) the mass of Mars

gravitational field strength on the surface of Mars is 3.7 N kg−1

radius of Mars is 3.4 × 103 km

mass = ..................................................... kg [2]

(ii) the gravitational field strength at a height of 3.4 × 103 km above the surface of Mars.

gravitational field strength = ............................................... N kg−1 [1]

© OCR 2016 Turn over

 10
(b) (i) State Kepler’s third law.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Phobos completes a circular orbit of mean radius 9.4 × 103 km in 7.7 hours. Deimos
completes its orbit in 30 hours.
Calculate the mean radius of the orbit of Deimos.

mean radius = .................................................... km [2]

(c) Recent observations of Phobos indicate that it is slowly spiralling towards the surface of Mars.
State and explain how you would expect this to affect the speed of Phobos.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

© OCR 2016
 11
BLANK PAGE

Question 5 begins on page 12

PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

© OCR 2016 Turn over

 12
5 A binary star consists of two stars that orbit about their common centre of mass C, as shown in
Fig. 5.1.

S1
R1 C

R2
S2

Fig. 5.1

The star S1 has mass M1 and orbits in a circle of radius R1. Star S2 has mass M2 and a circular
orbit of radius R2. Both stars have the same orbital period T about C.

(a) Using the terms G, M1, M2, R1, R2 and T write an expression for

(i) the gravitational force F experienced by each star

[1]

(ii) the centripetal force F1 acting on the star S1

[1]

(b) Use (a)(ii) to show that the ratio of the masses of the stars is given by the expression

M1 R2
=
M2 R1

[2]
© OCR 2016
 13
(c) The ratio of the masses, M1/M2, is equal to 3.0 and the separation between the stars is
4.8 × 1012 m.
Calculate the radii R1 and R2.

R1 = ...................................................... m

R2 = ...................................................... m [3]

(d) The orbital period T of each star is 4.0 years.

Calculate the orbital speed of S1.

speed = ................................................. m s−1 [2]

(e) Calculate the mass of S2.

mass = ..................................................... kg [3]

© OCR 2016 Turn over

 14
6 Fig. 6.1 shows a tube containing small pellets of lead. When the tube is inverted the pellets of lead
fall freely through a vertical height equal to the length of the tube. The pellets are warm after the
tube has been inverted many times.

1.2 m

lead pellets

Fig. 6.1

(a) Describe the energy changes that take place to the lead pellets following one inversion of the
tube.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) The tube is used in an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of lead. The
following results are obtained.
total mass of lead pellets = 0.025 kg
number of inversions = 50
length of tube = 1.2 m
change in temperature of the lead = 4.5 °C

Use this information to calculate the specific heat capacity of the lead.

specific heat capacity ......................................... J kg−1 K−1 [4]

© OCR 2016
 15
(c) State two assumptions you have made in your calculation of the specific heat capacity.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) State and explain the change, if any, you would expect to see in the temperature rise if the
mass of the lead pellets is doubled.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

Question 7 begins on page 16

© OCR 2016 Turn over

 16
7 (a) Explain how the internal energy of an ideal gas is related to its temperature.

In your answer, you should use appropriate technical terms spelled correctly.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) A weather balloon is designed to be inflated to a maximum volume of 1.4 × 104 m3. To launch
the balloon it is partially inflated with 80 kg of helium at a pressure of 1.0 × 105 Pa and a
temperature of 21 °C.

molar mass of helium = 0.004 kg mol−1

(i) Calculate the volume of the partially inflated balloon.

volume = .................................................... m3 [3]

© OCR 2016
 17
(ii) To limit the maximum height that the balloon can reach, helium is allowed to leak out
through a control valve.
Determine the number of moles of helium that need to escape for the weather balloon
to reach its maximum volume when the pressure is 1.2 × 103 Pa and the temperature is
−40 °C.

number of moles = ................................................... mol [2]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

© OCR 2016
 18
ADDITIONAL ANSWER SPACE

If additional answer space is required, you should use the following lined page(s). The question
number(s) must be clearly shown in the margins.

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

© OCR 2016
 19

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

© OCR 2016
 20

PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

Oxford Cambridge and RSA

Copyright Information
OCR is committed to seeking permission to reproduce all third-party content that it uses in its assessment materials. OCR has attempted to identify and contact all copyright holders
whose work is used in this paper. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced in the OCR Copyright
Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download from our public website (www.ocr.org.uk) after the live examination series.
If OCR has unwittingly failed to correctly acknowledge or clear any third-party content in this assessment material, OCR will be happy to correct its mistake at the earliest possible
opportunity.
For queries or further information please contact the Copyright Team, First Floor, 9 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 1GE.
OCR is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group; Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a
department of the University of Cambridge.

© OCR 2016