LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A PBL REPORT
ON
“Library Management System”
Submitted to

BHARATI VIDYAPEETH (DEEMED TO BE

UNIVERSITY) COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, PUNE,
INDIA

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of

BACHELOR’S DEGREE IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
BY
2214110249 Shashank Kumar Harsh
2214110284 Subir Das

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Dr. Rohini Jadhav
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATIOJ TECHNOLOGY
BHARATI VIDYAPEETH (DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY)
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, PUNE, INDIA - 411043
2023-2024
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled.

“Library Management System “

submitted by

2214110249 Shashank Kumar Harsh

2214110284 Subir Das

is a record of bona fide work carried out by them, in the partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Technology in INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY at Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University) College of Engineering,
Pune, India. This work is done during academic year 2023-2024.

Date: / /
Signature
Signature

(Dr. Sandeep Vanjale) (Dr. Rohini Jadhav)

(HOD, IT) ( Pbl Guide)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express deepest appreciation towards Dr Vidula Sohoni, Principal, Bharati
Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be University) College of Engineering, Pune, India and Dr Sandeep
Vanjale Head of Department of IT, who invaluable supported us in completing this project.
We are profoundly grateful to Dr. Rohini Jadhav, Project guide for her expert guidance and
continuous encouragement throughout to see that this project rights, its target since its
commencement to its completion.
At last we must express our sincere heartfelt gratitude to all the staff members of IT
Department who helped me directly or indirectly during this course of work.

SHASHANK KUMAR HARSH 16

SUBIR DAS 50
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

ABSTRACT
An advanced Library management system, often referred to as an Library Management Software (EMS)
or Human Resources Management System (HRMS), is a comprehensive software solution designed to
streamline and automate various aspects of Library administration and HR-related tasks within an
organization. These systems are essential for businesses of all sizes to efficiently manage their workforce
and improve overall HR operations. Here are some key features and functionalities typically found in an
advanced Library management system:

1. **Library Information Management:** It allows HR teams to store and organize essential Library data,
such as personal details, contact information, employment history, skills, and certifications.

2. **Attendance and Time Tracking:** Advanced systems offer time and attendance tracking features,
which can include time clock integration, leave management, and the ability to track work hours,
overtime, and attendance records.

3. **Payroll Processing:** These systems often include payroll modules to calculate Library salaries,
taxes, and deductions accurately. They can also generate pay stubs and facilitate direct deposit.

4. **Performance Management:** HRMS systems help in setting performance goals, conducting Library
evaluations, and tracking performance over time. This may include 360-degree feedback, goal setting,
and performance appraisal features.

5. **Recruitment and Onboarding:** Some advanced systems include applicant tracking and
recruitment tools to manage the hiring process from job posting to onboarding. They can store
candidate resumes, schedule interviews, and assist in the selection process.

6. **Training and Development:** These systems can track Library training and development needs,
schedule training sessions, and monitor progress. They may also offer learning management system
(LMS) capabilities.
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7. **Benefits Administration:** Advanced EMS can manage Library benefits, such as health insurance,
retirement plans, and other perks. They allow employees to enroll in benefits and track their usage.

8. **Library Self-Service (ESS):** ESS portals enable employees to access and update their personal
information, request time off, view pay stubs, and manage other HR-related tasks without HR
intervention.

9. **Compliance and Reporting:** These systems often come with compliance features to help
organizations adhere to labor laws and regulations. They can also generate reports on various HR
metrics, helping with data-driven decision-making.

10. **Integration:** Integration capabilities with other software systems, such as accounting software,
time and attendance systems, or ERP systems, are crucial to ensure seamless data flow across the
organization.

11. **Security:** Ensuring the security of sensitive Library data is paramount. Advanced Library
management systems typically have robust security measures in place, including access controls and
data encryption.

Implementing an advanced Library management system can significantly improve HR efficiency, reduce
administrative errors, enhance Library satisfaction, and contribute to better workforce management
overall. The specific features and capabilities may vary from one system to another, so organizations
should carefully assess their needs and choose a solution that aligns with their HR objectives. make the
application something every college can completely rely on and is in dire need of.
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 – INTRODUCTION
Chapter 2 - OBJECTIVES
Chapter 3 – SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
a) Requirements Analysis
b) SRS

Chapter 4 – PROJECT PLANNING

Chapter 5 – ER DIAGRAM AND UML MODEL
Chapter 6 - TESTING
Chapter 7 – IMPLEMENTATION OF CODE
Chapter 8 – CONCLUSION
Chapter 9 – BIBLIOGRAPHY
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CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION

Library Management system is an application that enables users to create and store Library
Records. The application also provides facilities of a payroll system which enables user to
generate Pay slips too. This application is helpful to department of the organization which
maintains data of employees related to an organization.
Java is a platform independent language. Its created applications can be used on a standalone
machine as well as on distributed network. Moreover, applications developed in java can be
extended to Internet based applications.
Library management is the process by which employers ensure workers perform their jobs
to the best of their abilities to achieve business goals. It typically entails building and
maintaining healthy relationships with employees, as well as monitoring their daily labour
and measuring progress. In this way, employers can identify opportunities for improvement
and recognize achievements.
Filling open positions with the right people can make Library management easier from the
start. That’s why many hiring managers are diligent about writing detailed job descriptions,
sourcing, and interviewing qualified applicants, and running background checks.
Employees tend to do their jobs better and are more engaged when they are given
opportunities to learn new skills or grow with the organization. To this end, employers may
provide training and upskilling programs, encourage attendance at conferences and trade
shows, or permit employees to adjust their roles according to their strengths and interests.
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Managers who want to make their employees feel included generally have open door
policies and share important information about the business with them. They also provide a
forum for individuals to express their ideas, opinions, and complaints. This feedback is
then used to address any issues that may be negatively affecting the workforce, improve
processes and keep employees engaged.
Library management matters because lacklustre workforce performance typically increases
operating expenses. Not only that but having to hire replacements or additional team
members is time consuming and costly. By identifying problems and creating action plans
for improvement, employers may be able to get the most out of their existing workforce and
avoid unnecessary terminations.
Library management systems are important because a business’s workforce is its greatest
asset. Yet, despite this intrinsic value, Library engagement is sometimes overlooked
because HR professionals are either too busy with administrative work or lack the
integrations necessary to use their people data effectively. Technology can alleviate such
burdens and afford employers more time to connect with workers and create strategic
initiatives that will attract and retain talent.
An Library management system is technology designed to streamline core HR services and
improve workforce productivity. It accomplishes these goals largely by automating labour-
intensive, administrative tasks and using analytics to drive business decisions. Depending
on the vendor, the HR product suite may include talent acquisition, payroll, timekeeping,
benefits administration and more.
Library management systems are important because a business’s workforce is its greatest
asset. Yet, despite this intrinsic value, Library engagement is sometimes overlooked
because HR professionals are either too busy with administrative work or lack the
integrations necessary to use their people data effectively. Technology can alleviate such
burdens and afford employers more time to connect with workers and create strategic
initiatives that will attract and retain talent.
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When employers choose to outsource their responsibilities to a third party, it’s sometimes
referred to as Library management services. This arrangement is often beneficial for small
and midsized businesses who have limited HR departments, lacked compliance expertise or
wanted to offer Library benefits comparable to those commonly available at larger
organizations. Reducing the amount of time and resources spent on Library management
also affords business owners the ability to focus more attention on growing their
operations.

CHAPTER 2 – OBJECTIVES
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In this world of growing technologies everything has been computerized. With large number of
works opportunities, the Human workforce has increased. Thus, there is a need of a system which
can handle the data of such many Employees in an organization. This project simplifies the task
of maintain records because of its user-friendly nature.
The purpose of an Library management system is to help improve workforce productivity,
identify ways to engage and retain talent, and alleviate administrative burdens for HR
professionals. Achieving greater efficiency using technology can also help control costs and
minimize compliance risks.
As a business manager, you’re aware of the importance of keeping your team focused, on track,
and productive. You also know how hectic and overwhelming it can be to stay on top of all the
tasks, projects, and responsibilities that come with running a team or a department. That’s where a
work management system comes in – to make all those challenges manageable for your
organization.
But what exactly is the objective of a work management system? And how can it help your
business thrive? Let’s take a closer look.

The Objective of a Work Management System

At its core, the objective of a work management system is to help you and your teamwork
smarter, not harder. It’s about streamlining your work and processes and managing work at scale
more effectively. Work management systems can also ensure that work is executed with higher
degrees of control and security. This helps enterprises better meet regulations and mitigates risk.
At the end of the day, work management systems are technology designed to drive better business
performance.
Streamline Work Processes
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A work management system is designed to make your operation run smoother and more
efficiently. By doing this, you can confidently cut out wasted steps or redundant processes so that
the same amount of work gets done in less time or its simply done in a much more effective way.
Many work management systems provide automation capabilities that help you take mundane and
repetitive tasks off someone’s desk. This allows your employees the opportunity to work on
higher value activities and it helps drive greater Library satisfaction.
Work management systems allow you set up automated processes using rules, triggers and other
dependencies such as dates, approvals and actions completed. Automation offers a more secure
way of doing work, drives greater productivity and moves risky activities out of email and
spreadsheets.
For instance, you could set an automation process to generate and send approval documents to
key management personnel for completing a capital expenditure request. Or automatically
schedule and send reminder emails to team members for any upcoming task or action items that
need to be completed.

Reduce Confusion and Misunderstandings

Illustration conveying bad communication, confused team. As businesses evolve, processes and
workflows inevitably become increasingly more complex, and keeping track of all the moving
pieces can become challenging. Employees might find they are working on the same task
simultaneously and unnecessarily or that they are not clear on who oversees what activity.
It gets even more confusing when remote work enters the mix and teams are scattered across the
globe.
A work management system serves as a central hub for everyone where true work orchestration,
execution, and collaboration occurs. It provides teams with a centralized console and work
platform where tasks and responsibilities can be managed, monitored, and acted upon. Visibility
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

into when tasks need to be done, who is in charge, and how progress is going is the cornerstone of
automation technology. What once was only manageable with spreadsheets and emails is now
elevated to a point where transparency is no longer an issue. Everyone can stay up-to-date with
work, task, or process changes in real time.

Improve Communication and Collaboration

In addition to dispelling misunderstandings and confusion, a work management solution can also
foster better communication and collaboration within your team.
Working together on all aspects of work is made simpler when everyone has access to the same
documents, resources, and progress updates in one central hub – as defined by permissions and
dependencies in the automated workflow. This eliminates the need for switching between emails,
chats, or messaging apps as it’s all contained within one platform – so you get improved
communication and work execution with minimal hassle.

Reduce Errors and Mistakes

Even the most diligent of workers make mistakes from time to time, and while they might blame
it on overworked brains and exhaustion, sometimes the business tools in place to enable better
execution of work are the root cause of errors.
A well-implemented work management system, while not a panacea, can mitigate mistakes in
several ways.
Often it’s not the high-level task that causes the most errors; it’s the tedious, repetitive work, such
as data entry or manual process management, that cause the most heartache. This is where
automation comes into play. By automating mundane tasks, you can improve a company’s
operation and likely see an uptick in Library productivity and morale.
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Having guidelines, templates, and clear instructions within the automation platform also help
team members complete their tasks with accuracy and fewer mistakes.
A work management solution also makes it much easier to track progress and identify potential
issues on the horizon. With this data in hand, you can take action and preempt any possible
mistakes or even plan out contingencies in case something does go wrong.

Increase Productivity
Picture two scenarios. Team A uses a work management solution, while team B does not.
Team A can prioritize their tasks and focus on the most important ones first. They are able to
assign tasks to the appropriate team members based on their skills and availability. They can also
track progress and identify potential issues early on, allowing them to course-correct and stay on
track.
How about team B? Team B is struggling to keep up. They are constantly firefighting, reacting to
problems as they arise instead of proactively addressing them. They also struggle to prioritize
their tasks and waste time on less important tasks.
As a result, team A completes tasks faster and more efficiently, while team B is constantly falling
behind. Team A gets more done in less time, while team B is constantly feeling overwhelmed and
stressed.
It’s clear that work management systems can increase productivity by helping teams prioritize
tasks, assign tasks to the right people, and track progress.

Gain Valuable Insights and Data

Work management systems often come with powerful reporting and analytics tools that allow
businesses to track and analyze data about their workflows and processes in real time. Businesses
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

can not only make data-driven decisions to optimize existing processes but also use the insights
gained to make smarter decisions for future efforts.

Achieving Consistency and Compliance

In today’s highly regulated business environment, companies must adhere to specific standards or
else incur costly penalties or legal ramifications.Establishing standardized processes ensures that
all employees are working according to the same guidance and rules, thus increasing compliance
across the board.
Work management systems can also help businesses track and monitor compliance with relevant
regulations or industry standards. For example, a company might use a work management system
to track the completion of required training or ensure that all team members follow the correct
procedures for handling sensitive data.

Final Thoughts
To use a nautical analogy, as a business leader, you are like a ship’s captain navigating the
complex waters of running a business. Rather than sailing blindly, a work management platform
can act as your navigation tool, helping you steer the course and get the most from your team’s
efforts.
It can help ensure that no task gets left behind, that jobs are done efficiently and with fewer errors,
and that everyone is aware of their responsibilities. The benefits are clear – improved
productivity, better compliance, and more data-driven decisions for long-term success.
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Chapter 3 – SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

Software Engineers have been trying various tools, methods and procedures to control the process
of software development in order to build high quality software with high productivity. This
method provides “how it is” for building the software while the tools provide automated or semi
automated support for the methods. They are used in all stages of software development process,
namely, planning, analysis, design, development and maintenance. The software development
procedure integrates the methods and tools together and enables rational and timely development
of the software system.
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They provide the guidelines as how to apply these methods and tools, how to produce
the deliverable at each stage, what controls to apply, and what milestones to use to
assess the performance of the program. There exist several software development
paradigms each using a different set of methods and tools. The selection of a particular
paradigm depends on the nature of application of the programming language used for
the controls and the deliverables required. The development of such successful systems
depends not only on the use of appropriate methods and techniques but also the
developers’ commitment to the objective of the system.

A successful system must: -

1. Satisfy the user requirements
2. Be easy to understand by user and operator
3. Be easy to operate
4. Have a good user interface
5. Be easy to modify
6. Be expandable
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7. Have adequate security control against the misuse of data

8. Handle the errors and exceptions satisfactorily
9. Be delivered on schedule within the budget.

SOFTWARE LIFE CYCLE MODEL

The series of stages depicting the various tasks involved in development process is called
Software Life Cycle Model. The model implemented by us is Waterfall Model, which is most
widely used in procedure-oriented development. This model attempts to break up the identifiable
activities into series of actions, each of which must be completed before the next begins. The
activities include problem definition, requirement analysis, design, coding, testing, maintenance.
Further refinements to this model include iteration back to previous stages in order to incorporate
any changes or missing links.

The phases and the outputs of the waterfall model at each phase are summarized below in tabular
format.
PHASE OUTPUT
Problem description Feasibility Report
Analysis SRS
Design Detailed Design Report
Coding Complete Source Code
Testing Test Plan, report, and manual
Installation Installation Report
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ITERATIVE WATERFALL MODEL

Software development life cycle process specifies a method of developing the software. Each
software development projects starts with some needs and ends with some software that satisfies
those needs. A software development life cycle specifies the set of activities that should be
performed to go from user needs to final products. There are different models of SDLC process,
and each model specifies the activities and the order in which they should be performed.
Depending on the nature of project, a suitable model is chosen, and the entire process of software
requirement analysis, design, coding, testing and maintenance is preformed accordingly.
Various life cycle models are present, but our system is based on WATERFALL MODEL, which
is most widely used in procedure-oriented development. This model attempts to break up the
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identifiable activities into series of action, each of which must be completed before the next
begins. The activities include Problem definition, Requirement Analysis, Design, Coding,
Testing, and maintenance.
An initial investigation culminates in a proposal that determines whether a system is feasible or
not. It determines its workability, impact on the organization, ability to meet user needs, and
effective user resources. The objective of feasibility study is not solve the problem but to acquire
a sense of its scope. During the study, the problem definition is crystallized and aspects of the
problem to be included in the system are determined. Consequently, cost and benefits are
estimated with greater accuracy at this stage. This is a bridge in between the User Requirements
and the output that he can avail under a set of given constraints, inputs, and outputs.
The main steps are:
. Statement of constraints
. Identification of specific system objectives
. Description of outputs

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION (SRS)

A Software Requirements Specification (SRS) is a comprehensive document that serves as a

detailed blueprint for designing and developing a software system. It acts as a contract between
the client or stakeholders and the development team, outlining precisely what the software should
do, how it should behave, and what constraints and quality attributes it must adhere to. Here's a
breakdown of the key elements and purposes of an SRS:

1. Introduction: The SRS typically begins with an introduction that provides an overview of
the document. It explains the purpose of the software, its scope (what it will and will not
cover), and references to other related documents or standards.
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2. Functional Requirements: This section describes the specific functions and features of
the software. It outlines what the software is expected to do, including user interactions,
input and output data, system behavior under various conditions, and any constraints on
functionality.

3. Non-Functional Requirements: Non-functional requirements focus on the qualities or

attributes of the software, such as performance, usability, security, scalability, reliability,
and compatibility. These requirements specify how well the software should perform in
these areas.

4. System Architecture: This section provides an overview of the software's architectural

design. It may include diagrams, flowcharts, or descriptions of the system's components,
modules, and their interactions.

5. User Interface (UI): If applicable, the SRS describes the user interface design, including
layout, navigation, and visual elements. It may include wireframes, mock-ups, or design
guidelines.

6. Data Requirements: This section outlines the data sources, data storage, data formats,
and data processing requirements for the software. It may also cover data backup and
recovery procedures.

7. System Interfaces: Here, the SRS describes how the software will interact with other
systems, hardware, or software components. It may include details about APIs, protocols,
and communication methods.

8. Testing Requirements: The SRS outlines the objectives and strategies for testing the
software. It includes test cases, scenarios, and acceptance criteria to ensure that the
software meets its requirements.
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9. Deployment and Installation: This section provides instructions and requirements for
deploying and installing the software. It may include hardware and software prerequisites,
installation procedures, and configuration settings.

10. Maintenance and Support: The SRS may include information about ongoing
maintenance and support, including how updates, patches, and bug fixes will be handled.

11. Constraints and Assumptions: Any limitations, constraints, or assumptions that the
development team should be aware of are documented here. These might include budget
constraints, platform limitations, or assumed user behaviors.

12. Appendices: Additional materials such as glossaries, user personas, use cases, or
diagrams may be included in the appendices to provide further context and clarity.

The primary goal of an SRS is to ensure that all stakeholders have a clear and shared
understanding of what the software is supposed to achieve and how it should behave. It serves as
a reference document throughout the software development lifecycle, guiding developers, testers,
project managers, and clients to ensure that the final product meets the specified requirements and
quality standards.

A Software Requirements Specification (SRS) is a document that describes how software will
perform and what it will do. It also describes the functionality the product needs to fulfil the needs
of all stakeholders.

An SRS minimizes the time and effort required by developers to achieve desired goals and
minimizes the development cost. A good SRS defines how an application will interact with
system hardware, other programs, and human users in a wide variety of real-world situations.0

The aim of the system is to develop “LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” software,

which should automate the process to create and store Library details. The system is
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supposed to be used as a subsystem in a large office system, which could be manual

system or a computerized one. Therefore, the proposed system must be able to function
under both circumstances.

The proposed system is not a freeware and due to the usage of swings, becomes user
interactive. The project demands a page of Library details that include:
 Employees personnel detail.
 Employees salary, allowances, deductions.

Library Management system is an application that enables users to create and store Library
Records. The application also provides facilities of a payroll system which enables user to
generate Pay slips too. This application is helpful to department of the organization which
maintains data of employees related to an organization.

A Software Requirements Specification (SRS) is a document that describes how software will
perform and what it will do. It also describes the functionality the product needs to fulfill the
needs of all stakeholders.
An SRS minimizes the time and effort required by developers to achieve desired goals and also
minimizes the development cost. A good SRS defines how an application will interact with
system hardware, other programs, and human users in a wide variety of real-world situations.
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CHAPTER 4 – PROJECT PLANNING

Method
At the very commencement, I proceeded to a decision to carry out the development of my task
into the following steps: -
1. Exploring the available development environments and techniques.
2. Database Analysing.
3. Database design and Implementation.
4. Program structure analysing.
5. GUI (Graphical User Interface) constructing.
6. Bringing all the stuff together (controls data binding and function implementation).
7. Tests
Each one of these steps could be explained in some brief details as follows: -

1. Exploring the available development environments and techniques=There is a lot of

programming environments available to be used for such kind of elaborations. The point is to
choose such an environment that we will be able to operate with in a convenient and easy way.
This is more or less optional and individual process, that depends on the developer’s experience
as well.
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2. Database Analysing =It concerns all of the demands, put upon the database content and its
functionality. The database should be designed and implemented in a way that the user would
expect it to be.

3. Database design and Implementation =This step is tightly related with the previous one as it is
completely determined by the requirements, analysed and discussed in step2.

4. Program’s Structure Analysing = The application program as an interface between the users
and the database should be an accurate ³reflection´ of the database on the screen; hence a well
analysed and defined structure is needed.
5. Bringing all the stuff together =The next step that should be taken is connecting the program
with the database and performing the necessary functionality upon all of the controls.

6. Tests= To ensure that everything works properly and as it has been expected, test performance
has to be done upon the system’s functionality.

There are some limitations of the File-based systems: -

- Data Duplication: It is undesirable as it costs time and money, and takes additional storage
space.
- Dependency of Data: That’s a kind of inconvenience as the physical structure and storage of the
data files and records are defined in the application code.
- Data Isolation: It is some difficult to access data, isolated in separate files.
- Incompatibility of the file formats: It concerns the file structure as a dependent on the
programming language, in which one the application program has been developed and
implemented, as the file’s structure is embedded in the application program.

After taking a new and more effective approach, the Database and the Database Management
System (DBMS) have been created. Most of the contemporary systems are based on the Database
technology as a collection of logically related data and
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the DBMS as a software system allowing the users to define, create, maintain and control access
to the Database.
The DBMS is a really powerful set of tools, enabling users to
operate easily with data into a database as: Inserting, Updating, Deleting and
Retrieving data. It prevents unauthorized access to the database and maintains the consistency of
the stored data.
The DBMS also restores the data in case of hardware or software failure and reduces
the loss of data in this way.
Access is a computerized management system with relational
database. The whole information is stored in separate tables in one file. Such an
information arrangement is more or less convenient as we can view, add and delete
information using online forms, and search or retrieve by using queries. The term “Database”
comprises collection of objects (tables, forms, pages, queries, macros) for manipulating, retrieving
and storing data. That leads to a less redundancy of data and reduces the required disk storage
space, and speeds up processing as well. There are three relationships between the tables in a
database: (one-to-many), (one-to-one) and (many-to-many). One of the mostly used relationships
is the (one-to-many) type.

Retrieving data from the database

Retrieving data from a database is less or more tightly related to dealing with the SELECT query
that should be applied to the database in order to extract the desirable result, which one should
satisfy certain conditions. This SQL query has the following structure:
SLECT < column_name >
FROM < table_name >
WHERE [(condition_1), (condition_2), ….(condition_n)].
Into the WHERE-statement, the following logical and arithmetical operators are included as well:
[AND, OR, <=, >, >=, =].
The SELECT query here retrieves all data from Employees_Details data table. This data is
uploaded into the data grid and all text fields of personalDetails and Working History pages,
 LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

which ones are related to the content of Employees_Details data table. • After loading the
available records existing into the main table, we can proceed to upload and other existing records
from another table by switching from one tab-page to another. That performs a SQL query for
retrieving data from the main table plus data from its related (child) table.
The search engine operates with the exact values of the First Name, Last Name and Personal ID
Number attributes. Sufficient and correct information has to be input unless we want zero records
to be found.

Saving data into the database

The whole process comprises a few actions, but not all of them are compulsory to be
accomplished at once! First of all, to unlock the fields in order to get them prepared for
accepting new data, the (“Add Employee”) button has to be clicked. Afterwards, we can go to
the desired form and fill the required data in. It’s not necessary to fill in all of the forms with
the exception of the two first, which ones hold the data for the parent table into the database,
and to be able to perform a successful save into the database, we need to fill in all of the fields
required there.

Adding a record to the database: We need to press the “Add a Record” button in order to
enable the “Save” button and to prepare the fields for the input stream of data.

Updating records into the database

This operation, performed upon a database, is less or more essential as it is tightly related to the
“Edit”- and “Refresh”-modes of operating with data. One thing should always be taken into an
account when we deal with records-updating: We need to know the primary key’s value of the
current record that we would like to get updated by the system, as in other way a rather different
record would be updated.
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Deleting data into the database

Deleting a single record from the database means moving to a certain child table, selecting the
record we want to be deleted and press the “Delete a Record” button. The result is instantly
reflected into the database and back into the program as well.

Designing

ER model =An Entity-Relationship (ER) model is a conceptual representation used in database

design to describe the data structure and the relationships between different entities within a
system. It provides a high-level view of the data and how it is organized, making it an essential
step in the process of designing a relational database.
ER model for Library management system :-
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UML Model
UML, or Unified Modelling Language, is a standardized modelling language used in
software engineering to visually represent and document various aspects of software
systems, including their structure, behaviour, and interactions. UML diagrams help
communicate complex ideas and concepts among team members, stakeholders, and
developers. There are several types of UML diagrams, each serving a specific purpose.
UML diagrams and their key elements:
1.Class Diagram:
•Represents the static structure of a system.
•Key elements: classes, attributes, methods, relationships (associations,
dependencies, generalizations, and realizations).
2.Use Case Diagram:
•Depicts the interactions between actors (external entities) and the system.
3.Sequence Diagram:
•Shows the interactions and messages exchanged among objects over time.
•Key elements: lifelines (representing objects), messages, activations, and
objects.
4.Activity Diagram:
•Models the dynamic aspects of a system, such as workflows and processes.
•Key elements: actions, control nodes, decision nodes, and activity edges.
5.State Machine Diagram:
•Represents the states and transitions of an object or system.
•Key elements: states, transitions, events, actions, and guards.
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CHAPTER 6 – TESTING
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CHAPTER 7 –IMPLEMENTATION OF CODE

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CHAPTER 8 – CONCLUSION

In conclusion, a well-designed library management system (LMS) is an

invaluable tool for modern libraries and educational institutions. It
serves as the backbone for efficiently organizing, cataloging, and
providing access to a wide range of resources, including books, digital
media, and other educational materials. Through this system, librarians
can streamline their day-to-day operations, enhance user experiences,
and support the overall mission of the library.

CHAPTER 9 – BIBLIOGRAPHY

Creating a bibliography for a topic like "Library Management

System" can be extensive, as it covers a wide range of subtopics
and research areas. Here is a selection of key references and
sources that can serve as a starting point for further
exploration:
Books:
1. Kumbhar, Rajendra, and Kumbhar, Meena. (2017). "Library
Management Systems: From Library Automation to Web
Scale Discovery." New Delhi: Ess Ess Publications.
2. Chowdhury, G. G., & Chowdhury, S. (2010). "Introduction
to Modern Information Retrieval." Facet Publishing.
3. Evans, G. E., & Zarnosky, J. (2016). "Management Basics for
Information Professionals." American Library Association.
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Academic Journals:
4. Van Rooyen, J. W., & Bothma, T. J. D. (2013). "Library
Management Systems (LMS) and User Satisfaction: A South
African Case Study." South African Journal of Libraries and
Information Science, 79(2), 17-30.
5. Hert, C. A., & Hert, C. (2012). "Integrated library systems: A
framework for success." Journal of Library Administration,
52(7), 599-622.
6. Ghosh, B. N., & Mondal, A. (2015). "Library management
software: open source options and applications." The
Electronic Library
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