Internet of Things FLL

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IOT- INTERNET OF THINGS 2023-2024

Chapter 1
ABOUT GTTC

HISTORY OF GTTC

The Government Tool Room & Training Center is one of the best training facilities in India. Its
primary objective in Karnataka is to motivate youngsters to pursue technical education It trains
people for the tool room at all levels, from tool room machinist to tool engineers. It also offers
solutions for Tools and product development, as well as cutting-edge component production
facilities. GT&TC has also begun creating parts and systems for other R & D organizations in an
effort to support autonomy and technological development.

In 1994, with the assistance of the State of Karnataka, the Govt Tool Room & Training Centre in
Hassan was established. With regard to consulting, design, production, and training, small-scale
industries are the primary focus of GT&TC. Together with providing high-quality tool engineering
services and precise machining, GT& TC is dedicated to ensuring customer satisfaction by
providing training that is focused on the needs of the workforce, the maximum level of skill may be
imparted. It creates an industrial culture and work habits that include a sense of discipline, attitude,
and behaviour, in order to mould the trainees into highly qualified, diploma-holding engineers with
a sense of purpose. The goal is to create confidence in the trainees so they may contribute to high-
tech fields and simultaneously secure profitable jobs for themselves. to introducethe trainees to the
current social structure of society and to give them the chance to devotedly servethe community.
Figure 1.1 shows the picture of GTTC Hassan.

Fig. 1.1: Government Tool Room & Training Center

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a. VISION
To create long-lasting relationships with clients by offering high-quality services and
training.
b. MISSION

• To nurture passionate innovators who improve society through real- world


application ofscience & technology.
• To create world-class professionals through quality training and thereby set up
newmarket benchmarks.
• Offer comprehensive and rigorous educational program in the domain of engineering
and toprepare students ready for industry & research.
• Design, develop and disseminate knowledge and skills in the technical and placements fields.

Training Department in GTTC


GTTC is a fast- growing product development and training company located in Hassan. GTTC
has various departments as detailed below.

• Specializes in departing industry ready training solutions.


• Follows Integrated theory and practical approach.
• Prepare Trainees Project Ready.
• Perform Trainee Performance Evaluation.
• Perform Gap analysis.

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Chapter 2

DAILY ACTIVITIES

➢ Day 1:

• Introduction about rules and regulations of the training center.


o In time -9:30
o Out time -11:30
• Information about registration and its process

➢ Day 2:

• Registration process by QR code


• Information about design tech LMS website

➢ Day 3:

• Changing password which is sent in our email by design tech


• Additional details entry
• Candidates registration for enrollment.

➢ Day 4:

• Dividing the batches and batches timings to each batches


• Information about attendance and it should be strictly permitted
• Enrollment of candidates

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➢ DAY 5 To 10:

• Introduction of IOT
o What is IOT
o What is IOT platform
o Components of IOT
• About Architecture f IOT
• Industry 4.0
o What is industry 4.0
• What is a smart connected product
o Physical
o Smart
o Connectivity
o IOT application
o IOT sectors and application development challenges

• How on IOT platform simplifies application development


• Capabilities of on IOT platform

➢ DAY 11 To 12:

• Introduction of Thing Worx


• What Thing Worx
• Advantages and different services provided for thing worx

➢ DAY 13 To 22:

• Log in and steps thing worx

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• Steps of thingworx software
• Procedure
o Project
o Thing
o Properties
o Subscription
• Thing template
• Thing shape
• Mashap up
➢ DAY 13 To 22:

• Log in and steps thing worx


• Steps of thingworx software
• Procedure
o Project
o Thing
o Properties
o Subscription
• Thing template
• Thing shape

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➢ DAY 23 To 24:

Making a mini project by using Internet Of Things


"HOME AUTOMATION"
• Collecting Materials
• Assembling it as instruction
• Programming by using Aurdino software
• Output

➢ Day 25:

"Exam on the Fundamentals of IoT with ThingWorx

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Chapter 3
INTERNET OF THINGS
3.1 INTRODUCTION

Internet of Things (IOT) is an ecosystem of connected physical objects that are accessible through
the Internet. An IOT platform is a set of components that allows developers to spread out the
applications, remotely collect data, secure connectivity, and execute sensor management. An IOT
platform manages the connectivity of the devices and allows developers to build new mobile
software applications. There are four main components used in IOT. They are:
• Low-power embedded systems: Less battery consumption, high performance is the inverse
factors that play a significant role during the design of electronic systems.
• Cloud computing: Data collected through IOT devices is massive and this data has to be
stored on a reliable storage server. This is where cloud computing comes into play. The data
is processed and learned, giving more room for us to discover where things like electrical
faults/errors are within the system.
• Availability of big data: We know that IOT relies heavily on sensors, especially in real-
time. As these electronic devices spread throughout every field, their usage is going to
trigger a massive flux of big data.
• Networking connection: In order to communicate, internet connectivity is a must where
each physical object is represented by an IP address. However, there is only a limited

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number of addresses available according to the IP naming. Due to the growing number of
devices, this naming system will not be feasible.

3.2 Architecture of IOT

Internet of Things (IOT) technology has a wide variety of applications and use of Internet
of Things is growing so faster. Depending upon application areas of Internet of Things, it
works accordingly as per it has been designed/developed. But it has not a standard defined
architecture of working which is strictly followed universally. The architecture of IOT
depends upon its functionality and implementation in different sectors. Still, there is a basic
process flow based on which IOT is built. Figure 2.1 shows the representation of Architecture
IOT.

Figure 3.1: Architecture of IOT


It mainly consists four layers. They are:

a. Sensing Layer
b. Network Layers
c. Data processing Layer
d. Application Layer

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IOT Sectors and Applications

As the IOT continues to unroll globally and spread across the sectors, some industries
are leading investments in this revolutionary technology, changing how to live and
work.Few of the applications are:

• Agriculture

• Energy

• Finance

• Healthcare

• Manufacturing

• Retail

• Transportation and Logistics

IOT Application Development Challenges

The several challenges will be observed during the development for corresponding
application. Fewof the challenges are:
• Integration of hardware and software from several vendors

• Highly dispersed device environment

• Lack of Agility

• Technical Complexity

• Volume, velocity, and variety of IOT data

• Project requirements outweigh current resources and development tools

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3.2 APPLICATION OF IOT:

1. Agriculture

2. Smart home

3. Smart cities

4. Health care

AGRICULTURE:
• Field management – strategically placed IOT sensors will enable collection of
crucial data such as field history, soil moisture , and vegetation map.
• Climate analysis& forecast – installing IOT – powered weather stations will allow
monitoringclimate conditions and help forecast weather.
• Equipment tracking - IOT sensors installed will enable location tracking and
predictivemaintenance of machine by identifying defects.

• Energy & water conservation- IOT sensors can help monitor water consumption and
energy consumption. Also identify faulty pipes &leaking equipment to save water.

fig3.2 : agriculture of iot

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3.3 SMART HOME:

• Device abstraction layer – the local interface that applications on the gateway use.

• Device driver interface – the interface to integrate HAN technologies.

• Remote interface – the interface between an operator cloud platform and the gateway.

• Cloud API – the interface provided to third parties from the operator cloud platform.

fig 3.3: smart home

SMART CITIES:
• Resource management- collecting energy usage and water quality data to
analyze andoptimize consumption.

• Waste management – introducing smart recycling systems, improving sanitation.

• Eco friendly infrastructure- analyzing and reducing waste , mindful


consumptionnatural resources, vehicle sharing system.
• Smart lighting- dimming street lights when no one around to save energy

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fig 3.4:smart city

HEALTH CARE:

• Telemedicine - remote appointment, remote diagnostics, remote monitoring,


medicationadherence.
• Hospital environmental condition monitoring- air quality, temperature ,
hazard sensing,lighting control.
• Connected ambulance - remote diagnostics, remote communication and data transfer.
• Immersive media – media training simulation with VR, AR decision support testing.

fig3.5: health care of IOT

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Chapter 4
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a controller mostly used in industrial automation. It is


also defined as a digital computer used for the automation of various electro- mechanical processesin
industries. These controllers are specially designed to survive in harsh situations and shielded from
heat, cold, dust, and moisture etc. The main hardware components of a PLC system are CPU,
Memory card, Input/output Modules, Power supply Module, and programming device (PC).The
program will be written using different PLC programming languages with the help of PC. shows
the block diagram of PLC. It is a electronic device that takes input from the plant/machine via
sensors and transmitters, executes the logic programmed in its memory and generates the useful
outputs on actuators to control plant/machine.

Fig 4.1: Block Diagram of PLC

The functionality of the PLC has evolved over the years to include sequential relay control, motion
control, process control, distributed control systems, and networking. The data handling, storage,
processing power, and communication capabilities of some modern PLCs are approximately
equivalent to desktop computers. Figure 4.2 shows the capabilities of PLC

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Fig 4.2: PLC capabilities

a. Advantages of PLC :

• Reduce Space
• Faster response time
• Shorter Project Time Archiving & Documentation
• Handles much more complicated systems
• Greater Life & Reliability
• Allows for diagnostics "easy to troubleshoot" and easy maintenance
• Less expensive

b. Disadvantages of PLC :

• Heat

• Humidity

• Vibration

• EMI(Electromagnetic interference)

• The Software of one manufacturer can't be used by another manufacturer


used by another manufacturer

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Chapter 5
THINGWORX
5.1 INTRODUCTION

• The ThingWorx platform is a complete, end - to - end technology platform designed


for the industrial Internet of Things ( IoT )

• It delivers tools and technologies that empower businesses to rapidly develop and
deploy powerful applications and augmented reality (AR ) experiences

• ThingWorx empowers enterprises to create smart, connected products, operations


and software

a. History of ThingWorx

• ThingWorx software is developed by PTC foundation


• John Richardson, Rick Bullotta, Russell Fadel are founders of ThingWorx
• ThingWorx software is founded in the year 2009
• PTC offers ThingWorx software for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)
• Latest version of ThingWorx is 9.1v which is released in the year 2021
b. Advantages Of ThingWork

Few advantages of using ThingWorx solutions

• To improve customer service and experience


• Maximum utilization of IOT eco – system
• Increase the revenue of the commercial establishment
• Automating and optimizing business process

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Different Services Provided for ThingWorx

The below fig 5.1 shows the Different Services Provided for
ThingWorx

Fig 5.1: Different Services Provided for ThingWorx

a. ThingWorx Foundation
ThingWorx Foundation uses the least amount of coding and uses a mash builder which
isa drag and drop tool to carry out the operations. Creating a web page or mobile GUI's
can be easily accomplished with the help of its foundation. Monitoring and managing
connected assets can be easily done with ThingWorx foundation, moreover accessing
critical information and historical data can be quickly accessed.

b. ThingWorx Analytics
ThingWorx Analytics provides a platform for performing complex analytical and
mathematical operations without any prior statistical experience. Machine learning and
AI technology embedded in this Analytics solution automate most of the complex
processes.The predictive modeling algorithm quickly analyses the data obtained from
the connected devices to forecast and detect the pattern in the data.

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c. ThingWorx for Industry


Thing Worx for Industrial connectivity manages, monitors and machines used in the
factories and the software application used to run them. It is the industrial solution that
connects to a large number of devices and systems in a wide range of industries,
includingmanufacturing , power & utilities , and oil & gas. The Industrial Connectivity
offers a real
- time and historical view of OPC incidents and diagnostics of communications.

d. ThingWorx Free Trial


This service connects devices across a wide range of topology and uses Amazon Web
Services IOT SDK to develop IOT solutions rapidly. Free trial service further provides
access to monitoring and managing connected assets further enabling users to access
critical and historical data quick.

5.2 System Requirements For installing ThigWorx 8.5v


a. Hardware Sizing and OS

The System we are installing Thingworx must have following specification: -

• RAM: 16GB (Configuration will require a percent of dedicated memory to be


allocated to the Java)
• Quad core Processor : Virtualized environments may have their own
terminology for specifying how many CPUS / Cores are being provided . This
must be taken into account when determining if the environment meets the
minimum requirements.
• Disk size must be at least 100GB This size will accommodate the default
ThingWorx web application installed in Tomcat, along with the initial
Thingworx Storage (DB) directory and some initial configuration data.
• An additional 100GB of space is required if ThingWorx Flow is also installed (
fora total minimum of 200GB of disk space ).
• Supported OS :( 64 - bit only)

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b. Software Required

• Oracle Java SE
• Development Kit (JDK)
• Tomcat (Linux)
• Tomcat (Windows)
• PingFederate

5.2 Capabilities of ThingWorx

the fig 4.2 shows capabilities of thingsworx used for iot operation

Figure 5.2 : Capabilities of ThingWorx

Generally, in IoT development, there are four capabilities in escalating stages of complexity :

1. Monitor : How do I monitor IoT devices and dashboards that retrieve information ?
2. Control : Once I can monitor a device , how can I control it ? This involves sending
instructions to the device that will be able to change its behavior.
3. Optimize : Now that I can control it , how can I provide it with information to
consistently generating a particular outcome ? At this point you'll find it useful to
leverage data analytics.
4. Automate :How can I ensure that my desired outcomes happen automatically without
user intervention ? Note that not all applications need all four capabilities . Some
applications simply monitor whereas others may monitor and control.

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5.3 Components of ThingWorx IOT

• Thingworx offers many key tools to create applications. These tools include Mashup
Builder, Composer, search engine, storage collaboration, and connectivity.
• The composer proposes modeling environments for design verification.
• Mash up Builder allows the construction of a smooth dashboard through components.
For example, lists, wikis, buttons, meters, etc.
• Thingworx uses a search engine called SQUEAL. SQUEAL stands for search, query,
andanalysis. The clients rent SQUEAL for filtering and analysing records, and search
for the information. the hierarchy of the thingworx has been shown in figure 4.3

Figure 5.3 : ThingWorx Hierarchy

ThingWorx simultaneously removes the technical barriers to IIoT implementation, while


emphasizing practical solutions that quickly return value. Scale to new markets, improve
throughput,and unlock new business models such as products as a service. Get to market faster
using a rich setof industrial IoT capabilities.

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5.4 Creation of new Thing in Thingworx

• Bind Industrial Tag : Now that you've established a connection , you can use
Thingworx Foundation to inspect all available information in Thingworx Kepware
Server.

• This step will create a new Thing in ThingWorx Foundation representing two output
coilsof the PLC.

• Create Thing for PLC coils :In ThingWorx Foundation Composer , on Connections ,
thenclick Design Tech the left , click MODELING ->Industrial connections then click
DesignTech.

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Chapter 6

IOT Based Fire alarm notification system using


nodeMCU

6.1 INTRODUCTION

A Fire Alarm Notification System using NodeMCU is a project that integrates the Internet of Things (IoT)
technology to enhance the traditional fire alarm system by providing real-time notifications and remote
monitoring capabilities. The NodeMCU, based on the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, is used as the microcontroller
to connect the fire alarm system to the internet and enable communication with a central server or a cloud
platform.

6.2 OBJECTIVE

➢ This project will send an alert whenever it detects fire.


➢ It has also connected with a and LED which will act as audio and visual for indication for alert
➢ So lets quickly start building IoT based fire security alarm system using node MCU

6.3 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE COMPONENTS

Hardware components

1. nodeMCU[ESP8266]
2 . Jumper wires
3. flame sensor
4. LED
Software components

1. ardunio ide
2. esp8266 library
3. blynk app &libraries

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1. nodeMCU[ESP8266]
The NodeMCU (Node MicroController Unit) is an open-source software and hardware development
environment built around an inexpensive System-on-a-Chip (SoC) called the ESP8266. The ESP8266,
designed and manufactured by Espressif Systems, contains the crucial elements of a computer: CPU,
RAM, networking (WiFi), and even a modern operating system and SDK. That makes it an excellent
choice for Internet of Things (IoT) projects of all kinds.

Fig 6.1 :nodeMCU pinconfiguration

2. Flame sensor:
A sensor which is most sensitive to a normal light is known as a flame sensor. That’s why this sensor
module is used in flame alarms. This sensor detects flame otherwise wavelength within the range of
760 nm – 1100 nm from the light source. This sensor can be easily damaged to high temperature. So
this sensor can be placed at a certain distance from the flame. The flame detection can be done from a
100cm distance and the detection angle will be 600. The output of this sensor is an analog signal or
digital signal. These sensors are used in fire fighting robots like as a flame alarm.

This sensor/detector can be built with an electronic circuit using a receiver like electromagnetic
radiation. This sensor uses the infrared flame flash method, which allows the sensor to work through a
coating of oil, dust, water vapor, otherwise ice.
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Fig 6.2:flame sensor


• Pin1 (VCC pin): Voltage supply rages from 3.3V to 5.3V
• Pin2 (GND): This is a ground pin
• Pin3 (AOUT): This is an analog output pin (MCU.IO)
• Pin4 (DOUT): This is a digital output pin (MCU.IO

3.Jumper wires:
A jump wire (also known as jumper, jumper wire, DuPont wire) is an electrical wire, or group of them in a
cable, with a connector or pin at each end (or sometimes without them – simply "tinned"), which is normally
used to interconnect the components of a breadboard or other prototype or test circuit, internally or with other
equipment or components, without soldering.

Fig6.3: jumper wires

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ARDUNIO IDE : The Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is an open-source software
application used for programming and developing applications for Arduino microcontroller boards. Arduino
boards are popular in the maker and electronics communities for their simplicity and ease of use, making
them an excellent choice for beginners and experienced developers alike.

ESP8266 LIBRARY : The ESP8266 is a popular Wi-Fi module commonly used for IoT (Internet of Things)
projects. To program and work with the ESP8266 module, you typically need to use an Arduino IDE or a
similar development environment.

1*ESP8266WiFi*: This library allows you to connect your ESP8266 to Wi-Fi networks, create access points,
and perform various Wi-Fi related functions. It's a core library for Wi-Fi connectivity.

2. *ESP8266HTTPClient*: This library enables your ESP8266 to make HTTP requests to web servers. It's
commonly used for IoT applications to send or receive data from the internet.

3. *ESP8266WebServer*: If you want to create a web server on your ESP8266, this library is essential. It
helps you handle incoming HTTP requests and serve web pages or control your device.

4. *ArduinoJson*: When working with JSON data (common in IoT applications), you can use the
ArduinoJson library to parse and generate JSON easily.

BLYNK LIBRARIES: Blynk is a popular platform and mobile app that allows you to easily build Internet of
Things (IoT) projects and control them from your smartphone or tablet. The Blynk library is a critical
component of the Blynk ecosystem, and it is used to connect your hardware devices to the Blynk platform.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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FIG 6.4 : Circuit diagram for FIRE ALERT NOTIFICATION USING BLYNK IOT

OVERVIEW

➢ Creating a fire alert notification system using NodeMCU is a valuable project that can help protect
lives and property by detecting fires and notifying relevant parties.
➢ NodeMCU, which is based on the ESP8266 microcontroller, is an excellent choice for this project due
to its built-in Wi-Fi capabilities and ease of programming using the Arduino IDE. Here's an overview
of the project:

ADVANTAGES

Using a NodeMCU (ESP8266) to create a fire alarm notification system has several advantages, primarily due
to its low cost, compact size, and ability to connect to the internet. Here are some advantages of using a
NodeMCU for a fire alarm notification system:

➢ Cost-Effective: NodeMCU boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other microcontrollers,


making them an affordable choice for DIY projects.

➢ Wi-Fi Connectivity: NodeMCU has built-in Wi-Fi capability, allowing it to connect to your local
network and the internet. This means you can send notifications remotely, monitor the system from
anywhere, and integrate it with other smart devices.

➢ Ease of Programming: NodeMCU can be programmed using the Arduino IDE or other popular
programming platforms, making it accessible to both beginners and experienced developers.

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➢ Cloud Integration: You can integrate your NodeMCU-based fire alarm system with cloud services
like AWS IoT, Google Cloud, or IoT platforms like ThingSpeak. This enables data storage, remote
monitoring, and data analysis.
➢ Real-Time Alerts: NodeMCU can send alerts in real-time via email, SMS, or push notifications
through services like SMTP, Twilio, or Pushbullet. This ensures that you're notified immediately in
case of a fire.

➢ Scalability: You can easily scale up the system by adding more sensors or incorporating additional
functionalities like temperature and humidity monitoring, fire suppression control, or remote camera
feeds.
➢ Open Source Community: NodeMCU is well-supported by a large open-source community. You can
find plenty of resources, libraries, and tutorials online to help with your project.

➢ Customization: You can tailor the fire alarm system to your specific needs, including customizing the
notification methods, alarm thresholds, and integration with other smart home devices.

➢ Battery or Power Supply Options: Depending on your project requirements, you can power
NodeMCU using a USB connection, a battery, or even solar panels, providing flexibility in
deployment.

➢ Remote Monitoring and Control: With internet connectivity, you can remotely monitor the status of
the fire alarm system and even control it remotely. This is useful for checking system health and
responding to false alarms.

CODE:

#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPL9Efi0t2B"


#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_NAME "Fire Alert Notification"
#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN "zVvOkRdha4GrmMmQcxeSwfjklfgdjhyVgsJTl7jF"

#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial

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#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>

char auth[] = BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN;

char ssid[] = "WiFi Username"; // type your wifi name


char pass[] = "WiFi Password"; // type your wifi password

BlynkTimer timer;
int flag=0;
void sendSensor()

{
int isButtonPressed = digitalRead(D1);
if (isButtonPressed==0 && flag==0)
{

Serial.println("Fire in the House");


//Blynk.email("[email protected]", "Alert", "Fire Detected!");
Blynk.logEvent("fire_alert","Fire Detected");

flag=1;
}
else if (isButtonPressed==1)
{
flag=0;

void setup(){
pinMode(D1, INPUT);

Serial.begin(115200);
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
//dht.begin();
timer.setInterval(5000L, sendSensor);
}

void loop(){
Blynk.run();
timer.run();
}
}

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6.3 CONCLUSION

A fire alart notification is a device that detects the presence of fire and atmospheric changes relating to
smoke. The fire alart operates to alert people to evaluate a location in which a fire accumulation is present
When functioning properly, a fire alart will sound to notify people of in immediate fire emergency. This
distinct sound exits to allow the notification to be heard The fire alart constructed by this project work is
reliable at low cost.

Fig6.3: observe the fire


Output :

Fig 6.4: email notification message

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REFERANCE

1. Bandarkar, M., Jadhav, S., Nair, A., Chaugule, A., Kotak., V.(2o19).IOT Based system for forest fire detection.
ISJRD,6(12).403-405
2 . Basu, M. T., Karthik, R., Mahitha, J., & Reddy, V. L. (2018). IoT based forest fire detection system. International
Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(2.7), 124-126..
3. Gosrani, S., Jadhav, A., Lekhak, K., & Chheda, D. Fire Detection, Monitoring and Alerting System based on IoT.
4. Kulkarni, S., Peasanna, T., (2019). An IoT based Fire Detection Precaution & Monitoring System. IJERT.
5. Imteaj, A., Rahman, T., Hossain, M. K., Alam, M. S., & Rahat, S. A. (2017, February). An IoT based fire alarming
and authentication system for workhouse using Raspberry Pi 3. In 2017
6. Khalaf, O. I., Abdulsahib, G. M., & Zghair, N. A. K. (2019). IOT fire detection system using sensor with Arduino.
AUS, 26, 74-78.
7. www.researchgate.net
8. www.iotdesignpro.com

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PHOTO GALLARY

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