Study of the measurements and capabilities of the

human body and its movement.

______________________________________________________________________

Human
Measure
1. Static Anthropometry - measurement of body sizes at rest and
when using devices such as chairs, tables, beds, mobility devices
and so on.
________________________________________________________

2. Functional Anthropometry – measurement of capabilities related

to completion of task, reaching, maneuvering motion and other
aspects.
 The study of people and their relationship with
environment around them.
______________________________________________________________________

– Work
– Laws
“The laws of work”
Vertical distance from the floor
to the top of the head (Vertex)

 Min. Heights of openings

 Min. heights of overhead
obstructions
Vertical distance from the floor
to the inner corner of the eye.

 Sight lines
 Signage placement
 Height of privacy screens/partitions
 Standing control panels
Distance measured vertically
from the floor to the
depression forms at the elbow.

 Height of work counters/ kitchen

counters
 Vanities, other works surfaces use
while standing.
Maximum distance across the
body including arms.

 Passage clearances
 Aisle widths
 Corridor widths
 Doorway widths
Horizontal distance between
the vertical lines tangent to
the most interior and
posterior points on the trunk.

 Queuing Spaces.
 Equipment design
Distance from wall to the tip of the
thumb measured with the subjects
shoulder against the wall, his arm
extended forward and his finger
touching the tip of his thumb.

 Shelling over a work counter

 Cabinets
Distance from the centerline of the
body to the outside surface of a bar
grasped in the right hand while the
subjects stands erect and the arm is
conveniently outreached horizontally
without discomfort or strain.

 Equipment Design
 Specialized spaces like hospital interior and
laboratories.
 When seated, bookshelf located to the side.
Measured from floor to the top of a bar
grasped in the right hand while the
subject stands erect and the hand is
within which the bard is grasped is
raised as high as it can be..

 Maximum heights for switches, controls level

handles.
 Shelves height
 Grip handles in trains, bus, etc.
Horizontal distance from the base of
the heel to a wall against which the
subject sits erect with his leg.
Maximally extended forward along the
sitting surface.

 Space requirements for chair and ottoman

 Lounge and informal seating arrangement
.
Horizontal distance from the
rearmost surface of the buttocks
to the front of the knee caps

 Distance from the back of a seat to any

physical obstruction located in front of seat.
 Fixed seating theaters, auditoriums, places of
worship.
Horizontal distance from the rearmost
surface of the buttock to the back of
the lower leg.

 Seating design, particularly seat depths

and vertical surfaces of the front of
benches
Vertical distance from the floor to
the underside of the thigh
immediately behind the knee.

 Seat height from the floor, particularly

the highest point on the front of the
seat.
Vertical distance from the floor
to the midpoint of the knee
cap.

 Distance from floor to underside of

desk
 Car dashboard
Vertical distance from sitting
surface to the top of the thigh at
its intersection with the abdomen.

 Table and chair height relationships

 Height of drawers below the desk.
Breadth of the body measured
across the widest portion of the
hips, maybe measured sitting or
standing.

 Allowances for inside chair width

dimensions
 Stool seating
 Turnstile aisles.
Distance across the lateral surface
elbow measured with elbows flexed
and resting lightly against the body with
the forearms extended horizontally..

 Allowances for sittings around conferences

tables
 Dining tables.
Maximum horizontal distance
across the deltoid muscles

 Allowances for table seating

 Row seating in theaters and auditoriums
 Circulation clearances
Vertical distance from the sitting
surface to the top of the head

 Overhead obstruction above seats (airplane)

 Bunk bed design
 Privacy/ booth partitions in restaurants
 Office cubicles
Vertical distance from the inner
corner of the eye to the sitting
surface.

 Sight lines and optimum fields of vision

such as in theaters and auditoriums
 A free-standing residential
building
 Physically separated from the
units immediate to adjacent to
them.
 There are setbacks on all
R O A D
sides of the house.
 The building never touches
the property lines.
 A home attached to one
property line and has a
firewall or a party wall.
 In contrast, a detached
home means that is free of
any shared walls and R O A D
stands alone.
A row of identical or mirror-
image houses share side
walls. Also sometimes
referred to as Linked
houses or terraced houses.
R O A D
 Residential buildings several
storeys high where the units
share common partitions with
other units beside them, above
them, or below them.
 Code definitions may vary per
country, but in the Philippines,
National Building code,
Low-rise= 1-5 floors high
Mid- rise= 6-5 floors high
High-rise= 16 or more floors high
A type of terraced housing often
with small footprint on multiple
floors, often non-uniform and
larder and more luxurious than
row houses
 Townhouse, typically refers to more upscale
developments.

Row house, typically refers to lower-cost housing

that is generally smaller and less luxurious.
RA 4726 Condominium Act
A type of real state divided into
several units that each
separately owned, surrounded by
common areas jointly owned.
 A shop house is a vernacular
architectural building type that
is commonly seen in areas
such as urban Southeast Asia.
 Shop houses are mostly two
or three stories high, with a
shop on the ground floor for
mercantile activity and a
residence above the shop.
A low rise apartment building,
typically limited to 4-5
storeys, without an elevator.
 The furniture in a living room should be arranged not too far from
each other and not too near each other.
 A good guideline is to used a 3 meter circle, around which most
furniture should be arranged.
 Recommended minimum size: 16 sqm, but preferably at least
18 sqm.
 Recommended minimum with: 3.6m, but 4.2m minimum is
preferable.
 Adequate floor space and wall space for furniture.
 Separate of traffic from centers of activity.
 Preferably no furniture located at windows, for easy access in case of
emergency.
 Circulation should be direct and should not interfere with furniture
placement.
 There should be no through traffic. If such traffic is necessary, it should be
at one end with remaining portion of the living room a “dead-end space”.
 When the living room is combined with dining area, the dining area should
be offset into an alcove or be clearly identified as an entity in itself.
 Allow 450mm between the table and sofa edge to give
enough leg room.
Coffee table height: keep the table height and seat within
100mm of each other.
 Aim to provide between 1-3 meters between seating options to help
conversion flow without crowding a room.
Side table and sofa height should approximately the same height as
the arm of your sofa or chair. This allows the guest to set down or
reach for drinks without straining, leads more cohesive feel to
the room.
Guidelines vary greatly but a common rule of thumb is to sit
between 1.5 to 2.5 times the diagonal screen
measurements away.

1.5 to 2.5 x TV inch (total= Inch/12 to get in ft.)

Ex. 40 inch TV, 5-8 feet away.
900mm deep by 2100 wide

.
900mm deep by 1500mm wide

.
900mm wide by 900mm deep

.
750mm wide by 1200mm long
600mm wide by 600mm long

.
600mm wide by 700mm long

.
 Keep the basic work area compact, even for larger kitchens
 Choose finished that require minimal cleaning and maintenance.
 Ensure adequate, even lighting. Minimize shadows.
 Provide adequate ventilation. Use exhaust fans and range hoods if
necessary.
 Provide adequate storage that is easy to reach and access. Locate items
on/near areas where they are often used.
 Consider anthropometrics when deciding on dimensions of various kitchen
elements.
 The work triangle composed of three most used workstations in the kitchen:
Cooktop, sink and refrigerator
 Ideal for small apartments
 Works well with open plans
 Highly efficient use of space
“More Storage”
 Not ideal on corridor is pen at
both end (Traffic congestion)
 Ideal for family kitchens, flexible
 Can easily accommodate tables
and chairs in the same room
 “Most efficient” most practical
kitchen layout
 Requires plenty of space
 Affords large amounts of countertop
and storage space
 Ideal if kitchen will be used heavily.
The dining room maybe a
separate room, or may be
combined with the kitchen or the
living room or both.
 Number of diners
 Space used at the table
 Space for chairs and for passage behind chairs
 Seating arrangement
 Size and type of furniture
 Storage space
Place setting at the table:
600-700mm
600-700mm with per person

400mm
350-400mm deep per person

200mm
Service space
900-1000mm width is recommended for dining tables (inclusive of
shared space in the middle)
 Height of the table; 750mm typical
 Height of bar: 925mm approx.
 Round tables sizes:

36” dia. = 3-4 people

48” dia. = 5-6 people
60” dia. = 6-9 people
 36” dia.
3-4 people
48” dia.
5-6 people
60” dia.
7-9 people
 If passage behind the chairs is
not required, leave a minimum of
125mm deep space behind the
chair so that the chair can be
pushed back when leaving the
table.
Chairs are usually at least 450-500mm
wide, and should be apart by about

1300mm
150mm.

 Seat height – 450mm

 Seat width – 450mm

450mm
 Backseat height – 1300mm
 Bar stool (seat height) – 750mm
 Minimum recommended bedroom size : 3 meters x 3.60 meter,
exclusive of closets
 If master bedroom, minimum recommendation is 3.60 meters x
4.80 m meters, exclusive of closets.
 Children’s bedroom should be located away from the living room
because conversations in the living room may prevent the
children from sleeping.
 Visual and acoustic privacy are primary concerns for bedrooms
 Closets should be used bedroom all bedrooms wherever
possible.
 Incorporate space for seating or conversation.
 A single chair and ottoman is a good alternative to sitting
on the bed for reading or conversing.
 Consider a conversation area with sofas or love seats
and comfortable chairs, support them with end tables,
lamps, magazine racks, or case piece furniture such as a
book shelve.
It is recommended that a master bedroom be planned to
contain:
 At least one double bed or two single beds.
 A crib, if necessary
 One dressed
 One chest of drawers
 On or two chairs.
 Two night tables
 A small desk of table
Arrangement: fixtures should
be conveniently arranged and
should be given adequate
clearances.
Lighting: For grooming, it is
essential to light the face from
wall angels, clerestory window
provide good general daytime
illumination without sacrificing
privacy.
Ventilation: Essential to reduce
humidity and dispel odors.
Exhaust fans are recommended,
and essential for interior
bathrooms.
Sound control: acoustical privacy in
one of the most common
complaints with regard to
bathrooms. Noise can be reduces by
locating the bathroom properly
relative to other rooms, by using
closets and storage walls as sound
barriers.
Storage: Adequate storage located
where the stored items are likely
going to be used is very important.
Mirrors can serve as cabinets.
Closets inside or near the bathroom
is convenient as they can store
bathroom linens and supplies.
Mirrors: Mirrors create an
atmosphere of spaciousness
and luxury. A full length mirror
is always desirable. Medicine
cabinets usually have mirrored
doors.
zone the following spaces to
Service and
Active Passive
Utility
 Living Area Pantry
Boys Bedroom Garden
Pump Room Kitchen
Family Room Girls Bedroom
Foyer Maids Quarter
Carport Dining Area
Master Bedroom Storage
Porch Toilet And Bath
Lanai Maids Quarter
Laundry
 Requires movement , Exclusive, intended for
Intended for services
active activities resting or leisure

Living area Boy’s Bedroom Carport

Dining area Girl’s bedroom Kitchen

Garden Master bedroom Laundry area

Foyer Family room Maids quarter

Lanai Pantry

Porch Pump room

Storage

Toilet and bath

 Spaces deemed necessary and essential to the primary
function of the Building to be designed. Pertains to NEED.

Spaces deemed unnecessary and may not be included to

enhance the function of the building to be deigned.
Pertains to WANT.
 Spaces deemed either necessary and/ or adjunct, BUT is not
essential to the primary function of the building to be designed.
Design for the USERS and END-USERS of the building.

Spaces deemed either necessary and/ or adjunct, BUT is not

essential to the primary function of the building to be designed.
Not designed to be livable or Utilized by the USERS and
END-USERS of the building.
 Inventory of spaces:

Facility Amenity Service Utility

 Living Area Pantry
Boys Bedroom Garden
Pump Room Kitchen
Family Room Girls Bedroom
Foyer Maids Quarter
Carport Dining Area
Master Bedroom Storage
Porch Toilet And Bath
Lanai Maids Quarter
Laundry
Living Area

Dining Area

Master Bedroom

Boys Bedroom

Girls Bedroom
Living Area Porch

Dining Area Foyer

Master Bedroom Lanai

Boys Bedroom Garden

Girls Bedroom Family room

Living Area Porch Kitchen

Dining Area Foyer Toilet and Bath

Master Bedroom Lanai Maid’s Room

Boys Bedroom Garden Pantry

Girls Bedroom Family room Laundry Area

Living Area Porch Kitchen Storage

Dining Area Foyer Toilet and Bath Carport

Master Bedroom Lanai Maid’s Room Pump Room

Boys Bedroom Garden Pantry

Girls Bedroom Family room Laundry Area

 Occupant Load Using :
Rule XII of PD 1096: National Building Code of the Philippines
RA 9514: National Fire Code of the Philippines

Manual Space Programming

Pedal Space 0.48 sqm
Manual Space 0.98 sqm
Pivotal Space 2.16 sqm
 A(Users and End-Users) B (Furniture, Fixture, and Equipment) C ( Circulatory)
Function/ Grand
Space Area/
Activity Occupants Quantity Sub-Total Total Type Dimension Area Quantity Sub-Total Total A+B % Alloted Total Total(A+B+C)
User
Sleeping Husband 1.00 0.98 0.98 Queen Size Bed 1.50 2.00 3.00 1 3.00
Resting Wife 1.00 0.98 0.98 Bedside Table 0.45 0.45 0.20 2 0.41
Working Working Table 1.20 0.80 0.96 1 0.96
Leisure Working Chair 0.50 0.50 0.25 1 0.25
Master Bedroom 1.96 7.95 9.91 20% 1.98 11.89
Recreation Armoire 0.60 1.20 0.72 1 0.72
Television Cabinet 2.40 0.60 1.44 1 1.44
Two Seater Recliner 0.60 1.20 0.72 1 0.72
Console Table 0.45 1.00 0.45 1 0.45

PEDAL 0.48 PEDAL SPACE- Activities requiring itting or standing, stationary.

MANUAL 0.98 sq.m/per MANUAL SPACE- Normal movement of a person i.e walking.
PIVOTAL 2.16 PIVOTAL SPCE-Activities lke exercisng and dancing ,requiring pivotal space.