Bomba GIW - Manual de Mantto

IOM-MDX-9973938964_s002 GIW® MINERALS SAP # 9973938964
Manual de instalación /
funcionamiento
OPERATION AND
MAINTENANCE
MANUAL
MDX
Technology that makes its mark
In case of conflict between the local language version and the English version, the English version will prevail.
En caso de conflicto entre la versión en idioma local y la versión en Inglés, la versión en Inglés prevalecerá.
Sold by and serviced by

Quellaveco Project
Project No. Q1CO
Hydrocyclone Feed Pump
Tag# 3210-PU-001, 3210-PU-003
3210-PU-002, 3210-PU-021
3210-PU-006
Doc No.: IOM-MDX-9973938964
Manufactured by GIW® Industries, Inc. BB / 10-Jan-2019
s002
Manual
GIW LCC Pump Manual
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GIW LCC Technical Series
Pump Manual
GIW Technical Series
Index
Section Page Section Page
Anchor Bolt Template – Anchor Installation 2 Pump Flanges 30

Avoiding Premature Bearing Failures 4 Pump Hydraulic & Flange Loads 33
Baseplate Design 5 Pump Vibration Levels 35
Baseplate Installation 8 Pumping Through An Idle Pump 36
Bearing Housing Bolt Torques 11 Reverse Rotation & Flow 37
Bearing Temperature 12 L3D4 Shaft Deflection 38
Bearing Temperature (Chart) 13 Shaft Sleeve Removal 39
Cold Weather Operation & Storage 14 Solid Foundations 40
GIW Bearing Assembly Sealing 16 Sound Levels 42
Grouting 17 Start-up 43
Impeller Lifting Jigs 18 Stuffing Box Design 47
Impeller Removal Techniques 19 Stuffing Box Water Requirements 52
Minimum Casing Thickness Guidelines 21 Temperature Extremes 55
Moving Pump Assemblies 24 Torsional Vibration Analysis 58
NPSH 25 V-Belt Vs Cog Belt Drives 60
Oil Selection 29 Vents & Breathers 61
GIW Technical Series Page 1 of 61 2018.07

Anchor Bolt Template – Anchor Installation
ANCHOR BOLT GUIDE PIECE – CAST IN ANCHOR INSTALLATION
Anchor bolt guide piece templates are used to hold anchor bolts in the correct position while the concrete is being poured. Templates are
designed to properly align anchors for baseplates.
 Verify the foundation drawings have been checked to ensure the appropriate anchor, including material, diameter and length
are being used. Anchor bolt templates utilize nominal hole diameters per AISC 360-10. These nominal hole diameters are 1/16”
(1.5 mm) greater than the bolt diameter.
 Locate, level, and support template. Suspend the anchor bolt template over the correct location of the foundation. Support the
template between each anchor with steel or timber cross members. Cross members should be placed on each side of every
anchor hole in the template. Secure cross members to the perimeter structure and level template.
 Confirm template is level. Then secure the template to the steel / timber cross members by screwing it into the wood or bolting
it to the steel using a clamping device such as C-clamps. Ensure securing method does not interfere with pouring of the concrete.
Example guide piece template support Example guide piece template secured

Anchor Bolt Template – Anchor Installation
 When using sleeves, ensure sleeve manufactures installation requirements are also achieved.
 Install anchor bolts into the anchor bolt template by placing the threaded section of the anchor bolt through each anchor bolt
hole and attaching a nut to both sides. Ensure the anchor bolt threads are not damaged during installation. It is the customer’s
responsibility to secure the anchor in a manner where it does not move from the vertical position. This requires the bottom of
the anchor to be secured to rebar or some other structure before concrete is poured. It is critical that the anchor bolt template
and bottom of the anchor are secured in a manner that prevents the anchor from shifting during the concrete pour. Securing the
anchors at the bottom prevents the force of the concrete as poured from pushing the anchor out of vertical position. When using
sleeves, ensure sleeve manufactures installation requirements are also achieved.
 Before concrete is poured, confirm adequate anchor protrusion will be achieved. The foundation drawings should note the
amount of bolt protrusion from the foundation to allow adequate thread to install the baseplate onto the foundation. The figure
below shows an example of the minimum anchor bolt protrusion from the foundation. Ensure grout height under baseplate has
been included in calculations. Clearance from top of concrete pad to bottom nut is generally greater than one inch.
2.22" (56mm) Minimum Anchor Bolt Protrusion

1
1 From Foundation
2 ≥ 1" (25mm)
3 Side View
 Once the concrete has set, the top nut, anchor bolt template, and the bottom nut can be removed.
 After the foundation has properly cured, follow the baseplate installation technical article to install the baseplate.

Avoiding Premature Bearing Failures
Overview
 Bearings have a statistically finite life that can be predicted using the design load and operating
conditions. Shorter life can occur when the bearing size is not correct, or when the load
conditions change from the original design. Cavitation, large solids, vibration or other unusual
pump conditions can further reduce bearing life by imparting additional loads. Bearing failure
analysis is a very broad topic and many resources are available from the major bearing
manufacturers. This article addresses the most common causes of bearing failure in slurry
pumps: contamination, lubrication problems and maintenance practice.
Contamination
 This typically results when a flinger is missing or not properly positioned, or if a shaft seal is damaged or missing. Another cause
is packing failure where gland water and slurry spray back under the flinger, past the seal and into the bearing housing. Most
labyrinth seals are not intended to resist this type of direct pressure. In applications where timely maintenance may be a problem,
a simple deflector shield attached over the shaft between the gland and seal can help reduce this problem. When the equipment
is pressure washed, care should be taken to avoid direct spray on these seal areas.
Lubrication Problems
 Oil lubricated units have sight glasses positioned to provide the right amount of oil for proper operation. For proper level, the oil
should be in the center of the window with the pump stopped. Most units are delivered empty and must be filled before start up.
Under filling will result in loss of lubrication and failure. Overfilling generates more heat and can also aerate the oil, which will
raise the level further and can cause leakage.
 Constant level oilers are not recommended for use with GIW oil lubricated units. While suitable for smaller, ball bearing mounted
pumps, their use on larger, roller bearing mounted pumps (as used by GIW and most other slurry pumps in industry) may
compromise bearing life and the effectiveness of the end cover seals. As the roller bearings rotate, they "pick up" and redistribute
oil within the housing, lowering the level at the sight glass below the resting level. Constant level oilers, by design, will continue
to add oil until the level is restored, thereby supplying an excessive quantity to the housing which is problematic for reasons
mentioned in the previous paragraph. After the unit stops, the oil level will then rise above the resting level, flowing back into the
oiler where it can continue through the vent and onto the floor. This vent also provides a path for condensation and dirt to flow
into the bearing housing, contaminating the oil and further compromising the life of the bearings.
 Grease lubricated units are packed at the factory, but must have a supply of new grease on regular intervals as outlined in the
GIW Maintenance Manual. Grease is composed of base oils with a thickener that holds it next to the bearing. As the unit heats
up, this oil is released and coats the bearing rollers. In a pump assembly running continuously, this supply of oil gets depleted
and must be replenished by pumping fresh grease into the bearing through the fittings. Whenever bearing are replaced or
cleaned, visually verify that each bearing is completely packed with grease before the end covers are installed. This can usually
be done by injecting grease through the fittings while rotating the shaft very slowly by hand.
 Another problem is related to the actual lubricants used. Certain base stocks and additive packages may not be compatible with
the bearing materials, loads and conditions encountered in centrifugal pump operation, although the lubricant catalog information
may indicate otherwise. For example, SKF and Timken specifically recommend against using lubricants with EP (Extreme
Pressure) additives in large spherical bearing applications. Many additives have been changed for health reasons, and some
of the new compounds have been found to be aggressive to bearing steel. It should also be noted that mixing brands of lubricants
could create a reaction that will lead to bearing damage. This is especially important with grease, as both the base oil and
thickeners must be compatible. For specific oil and grease recommendations, consult your GIW Maintenance Manual.
Maintenance practice
 When rebuilding a bearing assembly, read and follow all Maintenance Manual instructions. Be certain every part is completely
clean. Lubricate all metal surfaces with bearing oil for corrosion protection, observe all torque requirements, and check that the
locking tab is engaged in the lock nut. Always handle a bearing as you would handle a precision instrument.

Baseplate Design
GIW pumps with large horsepower motors are normally installed on a fabricated steel baseplate. The primary function of this structure is
to maintain the shaft alignment of the mechanical components and provide a means to anchor the assembly to the concrete foundation.
This is shown on the General Assembly (GA) drawing. Baseplates are typically fabricated from A36 structural steel shapes, or flame cut
steel plate with welded webs. Machined mounting pads are provided for the drive components, with longitudinal machined rails used to
align and anchor the pump pedestal. This structure supports the full weight and operating forces of the assembly and provides the
necessary anchor holes for the concrete foundation. The design, materials and construction of the foundation are all the responsibility of
the purchaser. Shims, jack bolts, jack pads and anchor bolts are not generally supplied by GIW. The procurement, size, grade and
foundation attachment method of these items are all the responsibility of the customer and/or installation contractor.
There are a number of standards in various sectors of the pump industry that relate to baseplate design and pump mounting. Many of
these are applicable to clear water or smaller process pumps. GIW baseplate design is governed by an internal procedure, which has
been developed from the latest edition of the American National Standard for Centrifugal Pumps for Horizontal Baseplate Design, ANSI/HI
(American National Standards Institute/Hydraulic Institute) 1.3 -2000 Tolerancing Section 1.3.5.4, as published by the Hydraulic Institute.
These dimensions and tolerances are more appropriate to heavy duty slurry pumps and severe duty applications than those found in API
(American Petroleum Institute) 610 or similar standards.
GIW baseplates are designed as grout filled baseplates in accordance with Hydraulic Institute standards. The structural steel baseplate
assembly is designed to locate all the system components and must be mounted properly on a concrete foundation to maintain correct
alignment. Jack bolts in the lower flange are used to level the baseplate, and steel shims are installed between the concrete and the
baseplate. When grouting is complete and the anchors are properly torqued, the resulting structure provides a solid foundation. The motor
and other drive components are installed and shimmed independently to align them with the pump shaft. Adjustable mounting devices
such as Vibracons are available as an option to replace shims at bolt locations.
Threaded features for push bolts may be provided to assist in the lateral and axial location of drive components if specified in the GIW
proposal. These may be loose, bolted or welded to the baseplate at the discretion of GIW. Due to possible changes in tolerance or flatness
resulting from welding, push bolt tabs may be added before or after final machining or heat treat, depending on the design and fabrication
requirements.
Since the baseplate must be leveled and shimmed to the foundation, and the drive components shimmed to the baseplate, manufacturing
tolerances are not as critical for this design as they are on small API style base plates. Pumps larger than 200 HP (159kW) are generally
mounted on machined baseplates, which are termed “Class A Baseplates” in the HI design guide. The following table outlines the
tolerances used by GIW for the design, manufacture and inspection of these structures. Dimension ‘A’ shall be measured from the plane
of the bottom of the baseplate to the corners of the pads. Tolerances are based on a minimum 12”x12” area.
GIW Standard
A - Mount surface height from bottom of baseplate ± 0.125 inch ± 3.2 mm
B - Flatness per unit of mounting surface length ± 0.005 inch/foot ± 0.43 mm/meter
Bmax - Mounting surface flatness, total ± 0.015 inch ± 0.38 mm
C1 - Driver (motor) mounting surface co-planarity ± 0.005 inch/foot ± 0.43 mm/meter
C2 - Driven equipment mounting surface co-planarity ± 0.005 inch/foot ± 0.43 mm/meter
D - Parallelism of separate mounting surfaces ± 0.015 inch ± 0.38 mm

Baseplate Design
I-beams and other structural shapes normally have a certain amount of twist and residual stress created during the manufacturing process.
After the baseplate is welded, the mounting pads are machined relative to each other. The flatness and dimensions of the non-machined
areas are not considered a controlled feature. Finished dimensions and tolerances are based on final inspection performed while the
baseplate is sitting unrestrained on the machining fixture. These dimensions should repeat when the structure is correctly leveled,
shimmed and anchored to the foundation. Baseplates cannot be accurately inspected while on a truck or resting on the ground, since
normal shipping and rigging could produce slight twisting or warping. It is the responsibility of the installer to adjust the structure back to
the correct level and parallel dimensions by using shims and anchor bolts.
Tighter tolerances are available only as an option that must be specifically detailed in writing as “ANSI/HI Special Tolerances”. This must
be detailed on the Purchase Order, work order and the Engineering drawing. The following ANSI/HI 1.3.4-1997 tolerances shall then
apply:
ANSI/HI Spec
Overall length
< 96 inch > 96 inch < 2.4 meter > 2.4 meter
A - Mount surface height from bottom of baseplate ± 0.125 inch ± 0.25 ± 3.2 mm ± 6.4 mm
B - Flatness per unit of mounting surface length ± 0.002 inch/foot ± 0.004 in/ft ± 0.17 mm/meter ± 0.34 mm/meter
Bmax - Mounting surface flatness, total ± 0.010 inch ± 0.020 ± 0.25 mm ± 0.50 mm
C1 - Driver (motor) mounting surface co-planarity ± 0.002 inch/foot ± 0.004 in/ft ± 0.17 mm/meter ± 0.34 mm/meter
C2 - Driven equipment mounting surface co-planarity ± 0.002 inch/foot ± 0.004 in/ft ± 0.17 mm/meter ± 0.34 mm/meter
D - Parallelism of separate mounting surfaces ± 0.010 inch ± 0.020 ± 0.25 mm ± 0.50 mm
Unless specifically detailed in written GIW specifications, baseplate weldments are not designed to be lifted with the pump or any drive
equipment installed. This can cause twisting or distortion of the structure. Baseplates are usually rigged using slings around open cross
members. Lifting lugs can be added if defined in the written specifications, included in the GIW work order and added to the baseplate
drawing.
Variations for structural shapes and plates as received from the mill are established in ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)
A6/A6M-04b Section 12. These historically developed standard tolerances define the acceptable limits of variation from theoretical
dimension for the cross-sectional area, flatness, straightness, camber, and sweep for rolled sections. It should be noted that cross-
sectional tolerances are expressed as a percentage of weight or area, not as tolerances on dimensions such as the flange and web
thicknesses. Non-machined areas of structural shapes and rolled plates are not subject to standard title block tolerances unless
specifically called out on the drawing.
All GIW baseplates are designed to be completely grouted after installation, unless an exception is specifically detailed in the written GIW
proposal. Filling the baseplate with grout provides additional rigidity to the system to reduce vibration and noise levels. Epoxy grout is
preferred rather than concrete for its adhesion and low shrink properties. Access holes are provided in the top plates of the motor and
reducer risers as well as in the sides of the pump pedestal. Additional vent holes may be provided if requested on the order. Weldments
are not guaranteed to be leak proof, which may require the customer to tape or caulk joints prior to grouting. Exceptions to any of these
provisions must be specifically detailed in writing. Since the construction of the baseplate forms a series of captive box sections, the
addition of hooks or anchors to the welded structure is not normally required but may be ordered as an option. This can be bolts or rivets
welded to the vertical web, or rebar welded diagonally across each box section. Small structural members or anchors can be cast into
the concrete foundation to provide additional bonding between the grout and foundation.

Baseplate Design
Machined areas are protected with a preservative and non-machined areas are normally painted prior to shipment. Sandblasting or other
surface treatment to enhance bonding of the grout shall be the responsibility of the customer. This should be done on site, just prior to
installation. All grouting work is the responsibility of the customer and must be done in compliance with the grout manufacturer’s
instructions, including all safety related considerations.
Secondary heat treatment or stress relief of baseplate weldments before or after machining is not part of the standard GIW construction.
If required as an option, it must be specifically detailed in writing by the customer and added to the Work Order. Engineering must be
notified to add this to the drawing.
The illustration below shows the key points for correct baseplate installation. All materials, dimensions and the construction of the
foundation and anchor bolt system are the responsibility of the Purchaser. These must comply with any relevant local or national Building
or Construction Codes. Compliance with local or national building and/or construction codes shall be the sole responsibility of the pump
Purchaser and/or their designated contractor. GIW shall not determine or guarantee compliance in any manner to any code.
1 Level in both directions using machined pads

2 1
of base
2 Pump baseplate structure
5 3 Anchor bolts
Shims at bolts and every 30” (0.76 m) along
3 4
interface
5 Fill all areas with Grout
4 Mounting surface flat and level within 1/8”
6
(3mm) per 10’ (3 m)
Concrete foundation dimensions and
7
structure determined by codesand Contractor
6

Baseplate Installation
GENERAL
GIW baseplates are designed to be installed on a concrete foundation and grout filled, unless otherwise specified in the sales order. GIW
can design for installation of a baseplate on a steel sub-structure and pump houses if contracted to do so. The detailed design of all
foundations shall be performed under the direction of a qualified engineer considering all possible forces, deflection limitations, vibration
responses, geotechnical conditions, mechanical conditions and environmental conditions
EQUIPMENT ALIGNMENT
The equipment shall be installed and aligned in accordance with the GIW Maintenance Manual. The pump shall be the fixed piece of
equipment for alignment purposes with no shims underneath. The remaining auxiliary equipment should then be aligned to the pump.
It is important that the pump as well as any auxiliary equipment manual is reviewed prior to initiating the installation process. The pump
pedestal and baseplate mating surfaces should be free of nicks and dings; any damaged surfaces must be repaired. Place the pump
mechanical end onto the baseplate. Once the pump location has been verified, torque the bolts to the values listed in the GIW
Maintenance Manual.
The baseplate will be preset with a minimum of 1/8” (3 mm) gap to allow for shimming underneath the auxiliary equipment (motor and
gearbox). Adjust the secondary piece of equipment with the adjusting tabs and brackets and jack the piece of equipment such that the
shaft aligns with the pump shaft. Insert shims between the equipment foot and the mounting plates. The GA drawing will show the required
distance between shaft ends and this will also be noted on the coupling drawing. Check for soft foot on the secondary piece of equipment.
Ensure that the secondary piece of equipment is positioned longitudinally to meet the coupling requirements. Refer to the GIW
Maintenance Manual for details. Bolts should be torqued to the values shown in the GIW Maintenance Manual unless otherwise specified
on the auxiliary equipment drawings. Alignment should be recertified after final torque on all bolts is reached.
The coupling hubs should be aligned per the coupling manufacturer’s specification.
WET END SUPPORT ALIGNMENT
Wet end supports are only required on pumps with suction plate feet. The suction plate support should be installed after the baseplate
hold-down bolts have been fully torqued. Suction plate supports allow for shimming of a minimum of 1/8” (3 mm). The bottom surface of
the suction plate foot and top surface of the mounting plate should be free of nicks and dings; any damage must be repaired.
On large pumps, pedestal deflection occurs and must be compensated for by lifting the casing. See the GIW Pump Maintenance Manual
for proper amount required per pump size.

BASEPLATE INSTALLATION, GROUT FILLED (also applies to sole plates)
The following information is shown as a basic guideline for installation of the baseplate. All equipment shall be installed on the baseplate
after grouting. The concrete foundation compressive strength shall be a minimum of 3,500 psi (24.1 MPa) unless otherwise specified.
The concrete shall be level to within 1/8” per 10 feet (1 mm per meter) and anchors shall be set a maximum of 1/16” (1.5 mm) from true
position. Anchor bolt templates (guide piece) are recommended and can be supplied by GIW, to assist in locating the bolts to the proper
location. Anchor bolts shall be protected during the equipment leveling and grouting operations. GIW recommends the use of anchor
sleeves to allow proper elongation of anchor bolts over the designed elongation length. Sleeves allow the anchor tension to remain more
constant with minor variances in the foundation or equipment during operation. If sleeves are used, they shall be filled with an elastomeric
material or expanding urethane foam to prevent the annular space around the bolt from being filled with epoxy grout. The sleeve is
selected to protect a length of the anchor bolt typically 8-11 times the bolt diameter. This allows the length of the anchor bolt not captured
in concrete to elongate and maintain clamping force during minor variances such as foundation settlement.
If pump is equipped with wet end support feet, install the foot beam or sole plate that attaches the feet to the foundation after the baseplate
hold-down bolts have been fully torqued.
Installation:
 Confirm anchors are properly located.
 Hand chip foundation for proper surface profile for grouting.
 Remove dust on exposed surfaces with oil and water free compressed air.
 Confirm minimum gap of 1-1/2” (38 mm) is available between the foundation and bottom of the baseplate, unless the epoxy
grout manufacturer’s recommendation differs.
 If baseplate and feet (if applicable) were not ordered with Cathacoat coating, sand-blast bottom to a near white metal finish and
coat with a primer approved by the grout manufacture to prevent rust prior to installation.
 Confirm interior and bottom of the baseplate are clean and dry prior to the placement of grout.
 Baseplate jacking screws must be set on leveling pads. Leveling pads should be round and made of minimum 1/2" (12 mm)
thick steel. Ensure the diameter of the pad is a minimum of three times larger than the diameter of the jacking screw. Square
leveling pads are not permitted. Grease or paste wax jacking screws so they can be removed once the grout sets.
 Position jacking screws to ensure the baseplate is level to within 0.005” per foot (0.41 mm per meter), or 0.002” per foot (0.16
mm per meter) for Oil Sands Industry. Set jacking screws from front to back (pump-motor) alternating from one side of the
baseplate to the other.
 Once levelness and elevations of the baseplate have been verified, torque anchor bolts snug-tight.
 If the grout manufacturer requests additional vent or grout holes in the baseplate, GIW must be contacted to verify the locations,
so to not affect structural integrity of the baseplate.
 Attach grout forms to the foundation. Ensure grout forms are built of adequate strength materials to withstand liquid head and
forces developed by the grout. Coat inside surfaces of forms with paste wax to prevent grout adherence and seal to prevent
grout leakage. Chamfer grout forms at right-angles to a minimum of 1” to 2” (25 mm to 50 mm). Expansion joints to be used per
the grout manufacturer’s recommendations.
 Completely grout-fill baseplate, unless GIW has approved otherwise. Grout manufacturer to recommend the appropriate depth
per grout pour. Grout shall be poured from the front to back (pump-motor).
 Once grout has cured, recertify baseplate for levelness and correct elevation.
 The top of the baseplate shall be sounded for any voids. If voids are located, drill two holes in each void at opposite corners of
the cavity. Tap the holes and have one fitted with a pressure grease fitting; use the other hole as a vent hole and plug when
injection is completed. Fill voids with epoxy grout. Care must be taken to prevent lifting or deforming the baseplate.
 Once grout has cured, remove grout forms and jacking screws.

Installation (continued):
 Torque anchor bolts to the values provided by the qualified foundation engineer.
 Fill jacking screw holes with grout
 If applicable, install suction plate support feet using the same methodology as the baseplate.
 Install pump assembly and drive train equipment. See the GIW pump Maintenance Manual for proper installation procedure.
 Align equipment. See Alignment portion of this technical article and the GIW pump Maintenance Manual.
BASEPLATE INSTALLATION, STEEL FOUNDATION WITH EPOXY GROUT BEARING SURFACE
If contracted, GIW can design a baseplate made to be mounted directly to a steel sub-structure. When mounting the GIW baseplate to a
steel substructure, it is recommended to use epoxy grout in between the two steel structures to ensure full contact.
No equipment shall be installed on the baseplate until after grouting. The mounting pads on top of the baseplate shall be used for checking
levelness of the baseplate. Installing the baseplate without the equipment allows for better access to grout holes, easier cleanup and
larger available area to check baseplate levelness.
Installation process would be the same as, Baseplate Installation, Grout Filled with the exception of only grouting between the two
structures.
BASEPLATE INSTALLATION, STEEL FOUNDATION WITHOUT EPOXY GROUT

If contracted, GIW can design a baseplate made to be mounted directly to a steel sub-structure. This base would require special machining
of the substructure and machine pads on the bottom of the baseplate to ensure adequate contact required for load transfer.
Installation:
 Confirm mating holes are properly located in steel sub-structure.
 GIW recommends steel substructure to have a flatness tolerance over the shim area of 0.005” per foot (0.41 mm per meter), or
0.002” per foot (0.16 mm per meter) for Oil Sands Industry.
 Baseplate jacking screws must be set on leveling pads or 1/2” (12 mm) thick steel substructure. Ensure leveling pads are made
from 1/2" (12 mm) thick steel and the diameter of the pad is a minimum of three times larger than the diameter of the jacking
screw. Leveling pads must be inserted underneath the jacking screws.
 A required shim area will be provided by GIW and will need to be maintained to ensure the minimum contact requirement for
load transfer. The customer must machine substructure to enable the contact required.
 Position jacking screws to ensure the baseplate is level to within 0.005” per foot (0.41 mm per meter), or 0.002” per foot (0.16
mm per meter) for Oil Sands Industry. Set jacking screws from front to back (pump-motor) alternating from one side of the
baseplate to the other.
 Once levelness and correct elevations of the baseplate have been verified, torque anchor cross torque from the front end (pump
end to motor end). Use half the torque on the first pass and then the full torque specified by GIW on the second pass.
 Fill jacking screw holes with grout
 If applicable, install suction plate support feet using the same methodology as the baseplate.
 Install pump assembly and drive train equipment. See the GIW pump Maintenance Manual for proper installation procedure.
 Align equipment. See Alignment portion of this technical article and the GIW pump Maintenance Manual.

Bearing Housing Bolt Torques
Unless otherwise indicated on the Bill of Material or drawing all standard or non-specific fasteners shall be minimum ASTM A-449, SAE
J-429 Grade 5 or Metric ISO R 898 Class 8.8.
Imperial Grade 2 or Metric Class 5.6 fasteners are not acceptable.
Lubricate threads with nickel or copper based anti-seize such as LocTite C5-A or equivalent. The use of Moly based lubricant is not
recommended.
Torque values shown below should be used on all Bearing Housings for machining, inspection and final assembly of split housing and
end covers, unless otherwise specified on the part or assembly drawing. These fasteners are indicated by 901 on the drawings.
These values have been established by GIW for Imperial Grade 5 (Metric 8.8) bolts threaded into cast iron housings using anti-seize as
a thread lubricant.
BEARING HOUSING TORQUE CHART
Imperial Grade 5 Bolts with Anti-Seize on threads

Torque ft-lbs Torque N-m
Bolt Size
min max min max
1/2-13 20 23 27 31
5/8-11 41 46 55 62
3/4-10 75 80 100 108
7/8-9 120 130 163 176
1-8 180 200 244 271
1 1/8-7 250 280 339 380
1 1/4-7 360 395 488 535
1 3/8-6 470 515 637 698
1 1/2-6 630 685 854 928
Metric 8.8 Bolts with Anti-Seize on threads

Torque ft-lbs Torque N-m
Bolt Size
min max min max
M8x1.25 4 6 6 9
M10x1.5 8 10 11 14
M12x1.75 12 14 16 19
Housing material is assumed at 15ksi yield with 1.5 diameter thread engagement.
The “K” factor for thread lube is .13 based on LocTite specifications for nickel anti-seize.
This information is supplied for Reference Only.

Bearing Temperature
Oil Temperature Baseline Values

 Typical operating oil temperatures for GIW bearing assemblies run between 125 to 185°F (50 to 85°C), depending on the pump
size, speed and ambient or process conditions.
 In some cases, such as high speed operation, or more commonly in hot environments or with hot process liquids, higher
temperatures may be seen. While temperatures up to 250°F (120°C) will not damage the bearing assembly, as long as adequate
lubrication is maintained; for reasons of practicality and safety, GIW recommends limiting bearing oil temperature to 210°F
(100°C) by the addition of an oil cooler if necessary.
 Note that oil temperatures above 185°F (85°C) will significantly reduce the useful life of standard mineral oil. GIW Blue 150
synthetic oil (or equivalent product), is recommended in these cases.
 Note also that higher temperatures may be seen during the first 24 to 48 hour “break-in” period when running with new bearings.
This is normal and should be allow to run its course. An oil change at 500 hours is generally recommended for new bearings to
purge the assembly of any contaminants released during break-in.
 The temperatures of grease lubricated bearing assemblies will be similar to oil lubricated assemblies, however, since maximum
speeds are limited with grease lubrication, typical operating temperatures are lower.
Bearing Temperature Set Points

 Many installations use temperature sensors to monitor bearing condition during pump operation. In some cases, alarm and shut
down set points are implemented to provide early warning of bearing problems and to prevent damage in the event of bearing
failure. Levels are generally defined by the facility for each piece of equipment and should account for typical operating conditions
as well as the limitations of the equipment and lubrication system.
 When direct bearing temperatures from contact temperature probes are used, these will read approx. 10°F (5°C) higher than oil
temperatures.
 For approved mineral oil lubrication, GIW recommends a bearing temperature alarm point of 195°F (90°C) corresponding to the
maximum recommended mineral oil temperature of 185°F (85°C).
 For approved synthetic oil lubrication, GIW recommends a bearing temperature alarm point of 220°F (105°C) corresponding to
the maximum recommended bearing assembly oil temperature of 210°F (100°C).
 During the bearing break-in period when running with new bearings, set points may be raised by 10°F (5°C).
 Note that lower alarm set points may be desirable to give early warning of problem conditions in applications that normally run
well below these maximum temperature levels. This can assist in preventive maintenance planning and should be determined
by on-site experience.
 If bearing temperatures reach 250°F (120°C) the unit should be shut down.

Bearing Temperature (Chart)
Oil Temperature / Change Interval Values
125 – 185°F 50 – 85°C Typical operating oil temperatures for GIW bearing assemblies.
Limit for standard mineral oil. GIW Blue 150 Synthetic Oil (or equivalent)
185°F 85°C
recommended.
210°F 100°C Limit for GIW Blue 150 Synthetic Oil. Recommend the use of oil cooler if necessary.
210 – 250°F 100 – 120°C Possible damage to bearings without adequate lubrication and cooling.
250+ °F 120+ °C The unit should be shut down.
During the first 24 – 48 hours “Break-in” period: Higher temperatures may be seen and is normal and allowable.
After the first 300 operating hours First oil change recommended for new bearings using oil lubrication.
Every 3,000 operating hours or 3 – Recommended oil change intervals.

4 operating months Change oil immediately if suspected of being dirty or contaminated.
Bearing Temperature Set Points

 Many installations use temperature sensors to monitor bearing condition during pump operation. In some cases, alarm and shut
down set points are implemented to provide early warning of bearing problems and to prevent damage in the event of bearing
failure. Levels are generally defined by the facility for each piece of equipment and should account for typical operating conditions
as well as the limitations of the equipment and lubrication system.
 When direct bearing temperatures from contact temperature probes are used, these will read approx. 10°F (5°C) higher than oil
temperatures.
Maximum bearing temperature alarm point for approved mineral oil (for 185°F / 85°C
125 – 185°F 50 – 85°C
bearing temperature limit).
Maximum bearing temperature alarm point for GIW Blue 150 Synthetic Oil or equivalent
185°F 85°C
(for 210°F / 100°C bearing temperature limit).
“Break-in” period: Higher temperatures may be seen and is normal and allowable. Set
During the first 24 – 48 hours
points may be increased 10°F / 5°C.
 Note that lower alarm set points may be desirable to give early warning of problem conditions in applications that normally run
well below these maximum temperature levels. This can assist in preventive maintenance planning and should be determined
by on-site experience.

Cold Weather Operation & Storage
In certain parts of the world, centrifugal pumps are required to operate in extremely cold environments during winter. This presents a
number of unique operational challenges for pump start up, steady state operation, standby and storage. The preferred environment is a
heated shelter that protects the equipment from the elements. Where severe cold weather operation is a consideration, anticipated
temperatures and conditions should be clearly specified in quotation requests and purchase orders.
Thermal shock created by hot or cold slurry suddenly contacting metal pump components which are at the opposite temperature extreme
can create stress concentrations that cause fractures in hard iron components. The pump casing should be brought up to operating
temperature gradually, either with process flow or external heat.
If the unit will be shut down in below zero conditions, the pump must be drained to prevent the damage created by expansion of remaining
water as it freezes. A bottom horizontal discharge will accomplish this, or a drain plug could be specified in bottom of the shell in certain
pump styles. Otherwise, remaining system fluids should be eliminated by removing system piping and pumping out the casing.
When the pump is operating, the stuffing box needs a constant supply of water, requiring insulated and/or heated supply piping. Flush
water must be drained away to prevent ice buildup that could restrict flow or damage nearby bearing seals. When the unit is shut down,
the stuffing box and lines need to be drained, and the system heated above freezing at restart to insure gland water will be flowing to the
packing. If mechanical seals are used, special care must be taken to avoid sudden temperature changes that could cause thermal shock
and fracture the precision ceramic seal faces.
Bearings are extremely critical. If any moisture or condensation is present inside the bearing races, ice will form when the pump stops
and cools down below freezing. This can prevent proper function of the rolling elements in the bearing, resulting is scuffing and premature
failure. Using synthetic oil such as GIW Blue 150 is recommended since the pour point of mineral oils is too high to provide effective
lubrication at low temperatures. Depending on bearing size, lighter viscosity oil such as GIW Blue 100 may be necessary. A heat source
is recommended to raise the bearing assembly and lubricating oil above freezing before start up. There are cartridge style electric heaters
available that can be inserted into dry bores in the housing, as well as radiant heat units. Propane or other fuel fired heaters could also
be considered. Local codes and available energy sources will determine the most suitable type of heat for the installation.
If the bearing assembly is provided with Inpro bearing isolators, they should be ordered with the low temperature option of Fluorosilicon
or EPDM O-Rings. Otherwise, starting the pump when cold can spin these seals out of the housing, due to the different thermal shrinkage
rates of the bronze seal versus the cast iron end cover.

Cold Weather Operation & Storage
Motor vendors must consider the operating environment, as motors need clear ventilation paths that could be blocked by snow and ice.
Heaters are required to remove condensation and moisture from internal areas, and these generally must remain operating at all times.
Gear reducer vendors must be contacted for their recommendations and heater options. Fluid drives are generally not suitable for this
environment. Coupling vendors must be made aware of temperatures, since heating those parts is not practical. Extreme cold can result
in binding of the torque transfer elements or failure of the grease seals.
Extreme cold can affect the ductility and fracture toughness of many materials. Wear resistant white irons are developed to resist abrasion
and corrosion during normal slurry process temperatures. As the temperature drops to -40°C (-40°F) the toughness of ferrous alloys such
as ductile and white irons tends to decrease significantly. In addition, meta-stable phases like retained austenite in the white iron
microstructure can be converted into martensite. Consequently, the material can experience substantial volumetric expansion due to this
irreversible phase transition, causing internal stresses and dimensional changes. In severe cases, this may result in cracking. Where
temperatures are anticipated to drop below this level during storage, the pumps should be protected from the elements to avoid rapid
thermal changes. Where possible, a heat source should be considered to keep the units above this transition temperature.
Maintenance is another important concern. Any pump repair in the field will require special consideration. Gaskets and o-rings will not be
flexible, and may not seal properly when installed. Parts with tight tolerances such as shaft sleeves or casing to pedestal fits may not go
together.
The hydrotransport system must also be carefully considered, since thermal losses in exposed pipe can quickly drop the fluid temperature
below freezing and cause a stoppage in the line. Dimensional changes in the pipe lengths and flexible couplings should allow for the
anticipated temperature range or the resulting thermal stresses could cause system damage or failure.
Given the proper information at the beginning of a project, GIW pumps can be designed to operate in virtually any harsh environment if
the above considerations are adequately addressed. The most effective way to insure sub-zero success is to enclose the unit in an
insulated structure that will retain heat generated while the system is running. This will protect both the pump and the employees from
extreme temperature and weather conditions during operation and maintenance. Providing supplemental heat when required will also be
beneficial.

GIW Bearing Assembly Sealing
In early pump designs, a leather or elastomer lip seal was the primary means to keep oil inside the bearing assembly while excluding
external contamination. Problems with lip seals included high heat generation and localized wear or grooving at the shaft contact area,
along with relatively short service life. When a lip seal failed, it would often allow water and solids to enter the housing, resulting in bearing
failures.
To address these shortfalls, GIW developed a large groove, non-contact labyrinth seal. A series of precision grooves inside the end
cover combined with a non-metallic internal flinger provide oil control, while an external flinger with an elastomer v-ring seal keep water
and dirt from reaching the bearings. After lab and field testing proved the benefits of this system, it was implemented on all standard GIW
LSA bearing assemblies. With proper maintenance, it provides excellent service in most slurry applications.
At the same time, the breather (or vent) on the bearing housing was identified as a major source of contamination, especially condensation
within the bearing housing. Vents are usually required with lip seals (to prevent the lip from inverting under vacuum) and are commonly
seen on all types of rotating shaft equipment. With conversion to the GIW Labyrinth Seal, breathers were also eliminated, since the
labyrinth seal will vent excess internal pressure during operation. When the pump is shut down and the bearing assembly cools, a slight
vacuum forms which seals the v-rings and reduces the entrance of atmospheric moisture and contaminants.
While this labyrinth seal is the standard for all LSA type bearing assemblies, other GIW pump types utilize different sealing systems.
When the LCC bearing assembly was developed, it was decided to use a more compact cartridge design with fewer parts. After testing
and evaluation, GIW formed an alliance with the Inpro Seal Company, whose bearing isolators became standard equipment on both the
LCC and LSR product lines. In addition, certain LSA bearing assemblies have been designed with a unique double Inpro isolator which
provides additional oil control for severe applications.
Where a pump is installed in a below floor pit and the bearing assembly could be subject to intermittent flooding, GIW now offers the Inpro
AirMiser seal as a special order option. This design uses a constant supply of compressed air to form an additional barrier between the
bearings and the atmosphere.
Submerged pumps, such as those used for dredging, use a Duo-Cone rotating face contact seal which resembles a mechanical seal
design. This style can only be used where the bearing housing can be completely filled with oil and submerged under water during
operation.
More recently, GIW has also developed a heavy duty, enclosed flinger design for extremely contaminated conditions involving excessive
spray and/or extremely dirty conditions.
With this arsenal of bearing isolators and seals, GIW has the sealing solution for any slurry pumping system.
Previous designs with lip seals. Newer designs utilizing labyrinth seal design or Inpro Seal bearing isolators

Grouting
GIW Slurry pumps are designed to handle the variety of severe load conditions found in normal hydrotransport operations. Rigid
attachment of the pump assembly to the foundation is critical for alignment, reduced vibration and reliability. Anchor bolts and shims
provide solid clamping while grouting makes the pump base and foundation monolithic to reduce the natural frequency of the pump
assembly. The design specifications, methods and grout material should be selected by the end user and the contractor to comply with
equipment requirements and local codes. Note that this information is provided as general information and reference only. GIW does not
specify grout or processes.
In the past, cement grouts were used, but poor bond and shrinkage often required pressure injection to eliminate voids. Epoxy grout
addresses these issues, provided that the foundation and pump base are properly prepared. One of the most important factors is the
compatibility of any grout with the concrete foundation and steel base materials. Temperature changes must be accounted for in material
choice to eliminate stresses caused by different expansion rates.
Grouting procedures outlined here are intended as an overview. The contractor should work with the grout manufacturer to define the
correct material and installation specifications for the job. This includes preparation of foundation and metal base surfaces, rebar, required
grout thickness between the base and foundation, as well as installation methods and temperature constraints.
The gap between the nominal foundation surface and the bottom of the pump base must be defined by the contractor. This height will
vary depending on the type of installation and the grouting material being used. The distance from the pour point to the form under a solid
surface or plate is another factor. With fluid epoxy grout, the gap is usually 1" to 1-½” (25mm to 38mm) to but will increase when using
flowable epoxy or cement depending on base size and temperature. A rule of thumb is 2” for the first 2 feet, plus ½” of gap per foot of
distance (50mm for the first 600mm, plus 12.5mm of gap per 300mm of distance). Colder pour temperatures require an increased gap to
allow proper flow. Instructions are available from grout manufacturers. GIW sub-bases are designed with open I-beam construction to
simplify the grouting process.
The concrete foundation should be properly cured and then chipped to provide a good surface profile for the grout. It may be necessary
to provide a structure over the area to protect the foundation from direct sunlight and maintain the temperature range required for proper
curing.
The pump base should be free from grease, dirt and loose paint when it is grouted. Add any additional grout or vent holes, and install the
leveling screws or jack bolts. If the underside of the base is sandblasted to "white metal" condition it should be coated with an approved
primer to prevent surface rust.
Use a round pad under each jack bolt, typically made from 1/2" (12.5mm) thick steel plate with a minimum diameter of 2" (50mm), or
three times the diameter of the bolt. This provides a bearing area to prevent the jack bolt from digging into the concrete during leveling.
The pads can be secured in place or merely inserted under the bolt. After the pump base is leveled and the anchor bolts and shims are
in place, install grout forms. These are typically constructed of 3/4" (18mm) plywood braced with 2" x 4" (38mm x 89mm) lumber and
waxed to prevent bonding of the grout to the forms. These forms should be liquid tight and sealed with a good caulking material. All inside
right angles (90°) should be chamfered to a minimum of 1" to 2" (25mm to 50mm) to prevent stress concentrations. The area should be
stabilized at the required cure temperature for at least 48 hours prior to and after grouting. Once the grout is fully cured, the forms are
removed and the equipment is installed and aligned.

Impeller Lifting Jigs
Safety is a prime concern in every plant operation
Lifting Jigs provide a means to install and remove pump impellers. GIW
now offers these tools for standard and custom pump designs.
Finished in bright Safety Yellow paint, these tools are CAD designed
according to ASME B30.20 with welded steel plate construction.
Each jig is built to order, tested and certified.
Most standard designs have multiple lifting points and a threaded leveler
to align the impeller for easy installation. Custom designs are available
for virtually any pump part.
Each lift jig is marked with the Working Load Limit (WLL) and GIW part
number for fast identification.
These are available as an option when ordering new pumps or from GIW
Part Sales for existing equipment. Impeller part numbers and pump serial
numbers are required to select the correct lift jig for each application.
These Lifting Jigs are not designed for or intended to lift personnel or to
transport parts directly over occupied areas. Observe all safety
procedures when using this equipment.
Contact your local GIW/KSB representative for more information.
Use GIW Impeller Lifting Jigs for pump maintenance and lift
employee safety to new heights!

Impeller Removal Techniques
Removing the impeller from a pump for routine maintenance can usually be accomplished by securing the impeller against rotation and
applying reverse torque to the shaft through a spanner or lever attached to the overhead crane. A few sharp hits with a hammer will
generally loosen the plug threads if they have been properly coated with anti-seize and two release gaskets were used.
As the wear life of GIW wet end parts continues to improve, the corresponding maintenance interval increases. Longer life and harsh
duty conditions can cause the impeller to lock tighter on the shaft over time and make routine removal difficult.
WARNING
Under no circumstances should heat be applied to the impeller! Air and moisture trapped in the internal cavity can
expand and cause the impeller to explode!
Never run the motor backwards to loosen or remove the impeller! This can cause mechanical damage as well as putting
personnel at risk.
Never run the motor backwards to loosen or remove the impeller! This can cause mechanical damage as well as putting personnel at
risk.
In those cases when normal maintenance procedures can not remove the impeller, a technique using a drop bar and the impeller inertia
can be used to break the threads loose. The end of a weighted bar is lifted and allowed to drop, turning the impeller in the normal
operational direction. When the end of the bar hits a stop plate on the floor, the shock of the sudden stop combined with the inertia of the
impeller will generally loosen the plug threads.
See the illustration on page 2. Mild steel should be used. Fabricate a plate that bolts to the coupling half or sheave on the pump shaft.
This can be made to attach in the gap between the coupling sections. Using a length of beam, plate or steel tubing, add the longest
practical arm that will safely rotate from near vertical to the floor or other solid stop point. On the end of the arm add a weight which
doubles as an impact face. For most slurry pumps, 200- 400 lbs (90 – 180 kg) is sufficient. A ring or other release point is installed on
top. Be certain that all parts are welded adequately as the impact forces can be severe. If plate is used for the arm, it should have a brace
or gussets to prevent bending.
Use proper safety practices and keep all personnel clear of the area. Place a steel plate on the impact area of the floor to avoid damaging
the concrete. Verify that the arm will rotate the impeller in the correct direction. Raise the arm with the overhead crane to a near vertical
position and release it. Allow the arm to drop and hit the plate. In exceptional cases, it may take multiple hits.
Once the impeller is free to turn on the threads, install the impeller lifting device and complete the removal procedure.

Impeller Removal Techniques
1 1 Plate bolted to coupling half or pulley adapter

2 Optional lifting plate for installation and storage
2 3 Eye for release
4 Arm - about 5’ (1.5m) or longest practical length
3 5 Weight
4
5
6 Release
7 Drop rotates same as pump rotation
6 Pump must be anchored to sub-base or
8
foundation for safety
9 Error! Bookmark not defined.
8
9

Minimum Casing Thickness Guidelines
Background:
Since wear is an unavoidable reality in a slurry pump, it is sometimes necessary to determine a minimum
allowable casing thickness for use in deciding replacement intervals.
GIW pump casings are generally designed to withstand a hydrostatic test pressure 50% higher than the
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) allowed during operation, but hydrostatic testing applies the
same pressure to all surfaces, while actual operating pumps experience areas of lower pressure (e.g. in the pump
suction). This results in a factor of 1.75 to 2.0 between casing stresses experiences during hydrotest and those
seen at MAWP in operation. Since operating pressure is often lower than MAWP, this factor may be further
increased. Finally, wear is usually not evenly distributed, allowing localized areas of greater wear to be
accommodated (see below). As a result, significant reductions in casing thickness can often be tolerated
without loss of integrity.
Evaluating Minimum Casing Thicknesses:
GIW Engineering can evaluate individual pump designs against field applications in order to provide
recommendations for minimum allowable casing thickness in operation. To request an evaluation, fill out the
attached request form and give it to your GIW Sales Representative for evaluation by GIW Engineering.
Various methods can be used in performing these calculations with differing degrees of accuracy:
Finite Element Analysis (FEA): 3D modeling and testing of the assembly at the requested pressure.
This method could take up to 5 days to complete due to run time which depends on the type of pump.
This is the most accurate form of analysis. In some cases, the FEA results may have been previously
logged and a faster response may be possible.
GIW Minimum Casing Thickness Graphs: This method provides quick responses based on a
collection of minimum thicknesses for a single type of pump at different sizes that were collected using
FEAs. This method is quick to perform, and, though conservative, it is less accurate since it is an
estimation based on data from other pumps of the same type.
Note that casing thickness evaluations assume “normal” pump operations without water hammer or other
pressure surges; excessive piping loads on the suction or discharge; excessive vibration caused by pump
blockages, improper foundations or unsupported piping; or mechanical overloads caused by ingesting of
grinding balls, screens, etc. While unexpected operating conditions are a part of normal operations and GIW
pump designs are constructed to withstand many of these, such events can exceed the strength limitations of any
slurry pump casing and must be controlled for long life and trouble free operation.

Calculation Assumptions:
For simplicity, calculations of allowable wear thickness generally assume that the wear is evenly distributed
throughout the casing. In practice, this is often not the case and localized areas of higher wear can be
accommodated relative to the assumption of an even distribution.
To account for localized wear patterns and actual pressure distribution in the pump, the following exceptions
can be made to minimum thickness recommendations based on even wear:
0% minimum thickness (wearout***) allowed over a 20 degree sector

33% minimum thickness allowed over a 40 degree sector
66% minimum thickness allowed over a 60 degree sector
***Although complete wearout of the pump over a small section will typically allow the pump to maintain its structural integrity,
judgement should be exercised by the maintenance personnel to determine an appropriate tolerance for this condition. If exposed
and/or pressurized process fluids would pose a safety or environmental hazard to nearby personnel and/or equipment, adjust the
minimum thickness allowance accordingly with respect to the next or current maintenance cycle.
NOTE: The depth of the casting inserts used for threaded connections can limit sidewall thickness on some
casings. These inserts are made of steel and have less wear resistance than the surrounding white iron. If the
casing wears to a point that part of an insert becomes a wear surface, accelerated wear through the insert may
occur.

Request for Minimum Casing Thickness Evaluation

This form is to request the minimum sidewall and belly thicknesses of a specific casing at a given operating pressure.
The minimum casing thicknesses are used to determine when a casing needs to be replaced. In order to calculate the
minimum casing thicknesses, the following information is needed:
Customer Requesting Minimum Thickness: ________________________________
Individual submitting Request: ________________________________
Pump Type: ________________________________
GIW Casing Number: ________________________________
GIW Pump Assembly Number: ________________________________
Pump Serial Number: ________________________________
Type of service / application: ________________________________
Maximum Operating Pressure*: ________________________________

*This is the maximum pressure at which the pump is operating in the field NOT the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP).
If a request for multiple casings is being submitted, submit this form along with an Excel sheet containing the
information above for each individual pump.

Moving Pump Assemblies
When relocating skid mounted pump and drive assemblies care must be taken to avoid damaging the pump and other components.
Standard practice for lifting the pump as a separate item is shown in the GIW Maintenance Manual. Rigging and moving any pump or
mounted pump assembly is the sole responsibility of the contractor and equipment owner. GIW assumes no liability or responsibility
regarding the suitability of procedures, equipment or attachment points when moving pumps and drive components assembled on any
customer’s structural base or skid.
The following are suggestions to minimize potential damage to the pump and drive components:
Following proper safety procedures, the pump should be shut down, locked out and completely drained. Disconnect all system piping,
gland water supply lines, electrical power, alarms and other connections. It is recommended that the bearing assembly be drained before
moving the pump and refilled after relocation or installation.
All couplings must be disconnected, regardless of the design. Any skid or portable sub-base will flex somewhat as it is being moved. This
could result in excess stress on the couplings, shafts or bearings which may have a negative impact on the equipment when it is restarted.
If the unit is belt driven, relieve the tension on the belts.
Be certain that all guards and other ancillary components are either removed or secured adequately for the move.
If the pump is being towed to another location, make certain that the chain attachments have adequate strength and will allow the
necessary turning radius without contacting any part of the pump or drive system.
If the unit is being rigged or lifted, attachments must be adequate for the weight involved. Note that the actual center of gravity of the unit
may different than it appears visually. Depending on the design of the supporting structure, the entire unit may also be top heavy.
The GIW Maintenance Manual outlines commissioning procedures for the pump. Once the assembly is installed at the new location, it is
a good time to adjust the impeller nose gap before the suction pipe is installed. Reconnect the system piping and other items. Prior to
connecting the couplings, the motor should be run to verify correct rotation. Once the installation is complete, a total system alignment
must be done for the pump and drive components since structural flex during the move may have caused a change.

NPSH
1. General formulation
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) is a local liquid property and is defined as the excess mechanical energy of the liquid above that
required to prevent vaporization. Also called NPSH "available" (NPSHA), its usefulness is straightforward: when the NPSHA at any point
reaches zero, the liquid vaporizes.
NPSHA = Total mechanical energy of liquid – Vapor pressure energy of liquid
In the design of liquid handling systems, one often wishes to calculate the NPSHA at some point of interest. This is normally done by
calculating the energy relative to some known reference point:
NPSHA = ( HA + ΔHNR ) – HVP
Variable Units Definition

Pa
(HA + ΔHNR) N/m² Total mechanical energy of the liquid at the point of interest.
lbs/ft²
meter
HA A known reference energy at some point in the system.
feet
The calculated non-reversible energy changes between the reference point and the point of interest.
meter
ΔHNR The reference point is usually chosen so that this term is always negative (or zero if neglected as
feet
minor). For this reason, it is commonly referred to as a system “loss”.
meter
HVP Vapor pressure energy of the liquid being handled at the current temperature.
feet
* Consistent SI and US units are given for all quantities. Other unit systems are possible.
It is customary to express the above energy terms as potential energies, (i.e. as feet or meters of the liquid ), since this simplifies the
overall system calculations. Strictly speaking, NPSH has units of mechanical energy per unit mass: (ft-lbf/lbm) or (m-kgFORCE/kgMASS).
These same units are used for total dynamic pump head. When dealing with incompressible fluids under earth gravity, the (lbf/lbm) or
(kgF/kgM) terms may be ignored, as they always cancel out.
This same convention is used in the Bernoulli energy equation for non-compressible (liquid) systems:
Total Energy (H) = ( P/ρg + V²/2g + z )

= (Pressure Energy + Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy)

Pa
P N/m² Static pressure (normally in absolute pressure units).
lbs/ft²
meter/sec
V Liquid Velocity.
feet/sec
meter
Z Liquid Height.
feet
kg/meter³
ρ Liquid Density.
lbs/feet³
meter/sec²
g Acceleration of gravity.
feet/sec²

NPSH
In order to cast the general NPSHA equation into a useful form, let us consider each term individually:
Reference Energy (HA)
If a reference location is selected where the liquid has a stationary free surface, then the reference energy can be expressed in terms of
the ambient pressure over the liquid, plus the height of the liquid above the point of interest:
HA = PA /ρg + z

Pa
PA N/m² Absolute pressure at the liquid free surface.
lbs/ft²
meter/sec
z Height of free surface above the point of interest
feet/sec
Non-Reversible Energy Change (ΔHNR)
Non-reversible energy changes are often lumped together and called “friction losses”, although they include both pure friction and local
turbulent (or shock) losses.
In a piping system, these are the system resistance losses.
Since they are usually represented as a positive quantity, we have the following relationship:
ΔHNR = – HF

meter
HF Friction and shock losses expressed in feet or meters of liquid.
feet
Note: Although this term includes entrance and exit pressure losses due to turbulence around areas of rapid velocity change, it does NOT
include static pressure changes due to the acceleration or deceleration of the liquid (i.e. velocity head).
Vapor Pressure Energy (HVP)
Regarding the vapor pressure energy, this is simply determined from the vapor pressure:
HVP = PVP / ρg

Pa
PVP N/m² The liquid vapor pressure at the current temperature.
lbs/ft²
Back-substituting into the original equation for NPSHA gives a general NPSH equation of practical application to liquid systems:
NPSHA = (PA – PVP)/ ρg + Δz – HF

NPSH
2. Useful simplifications
Several simplifications of the above formula are useful to pump users.
In the case of a conventional sump (open or sealed):
NPSHA = (PA - PVP) / ρg + Δz – HF

Pa Absolute pressure over the sump liquid.
PA N/m² Atmospheric pressure (for an open or vented sump).
lbs/ft² Tank gauge pressure + atmospheric (for a sealed sump).
meter
Δz Vertical distance from the pump suction inlet to the sump liquid level.
feet
meter
HF System friction losses from the sump to pump suction inlet.
feet
This formula is often used to calculate the NPSHA for a pump during the system design phase. The pump suction inlet is usually defined
as a section in the pipeline approximately one pipe diameter from the pump suction flange.
In the case of a pump test, where the pressure and velocity at the pump suction inlet are known, a different formulation is useful.
For this purpose, we use the Bernoulli equation to relate the atmospheric pressure (PA) to the static suction pressure (PS):
PA / ρg = (PS + ΔP) / ρg = PS / ρg + (ΔV2/2g – Δz + HF)

Pa
ΔP N/m² Pressure differential from the pump suction inlet to the sump liquid level.
lbs/ft²
Pa
Absolute static pressure at the pump suction inlet, (e.g. as measured by pressure taps flush with the
PS N/m²
suction piping wall).
lbs/ft²
Back-substituting this into the original general equation gives a formula that allows NPSHA to be calculated directly from the measured
pressure and velocity at the pump suction:
NPSHA = (PS – PVP) / ρg + ΔV2 / 2g
Alternatively, we can define this equation in terms of the suction head.
NPSHA = HS – PVP/ρg

Pa
PS / ρg + ΔV2 / 2g
ΔP N/m²
Suction Head
lbs/ft²

NPSH
Application
Theoretically, cavitation at the pump suction inlet will occur when the NPSHA there falls to zero. In practice, localized cavitation occurs
elsewhere in the pump at some suction inlet NPSHA value that is greater than zero. This is usually the result of areas of reduced pressure
caused by turbulence around the leading edges of the impeller vanes, or by other characteristics of the pump inlet geometry. The value
of suction inlet NPSHA resulting in actual cavitation elsewhere in the pump is normally called the „required“ NPSH (or NPSHR) and must
be determined in the test lab. Three values of NPSHR are important:
NPSHi = The incipient NPSH, i.e. that suction inlet NPSHA at which vapor bubbles are first observed at some point in the
pump, usually at the vane inlets. These bubbles signal the potential onset of cavitation damage, even though the
pump performance may be unaffected. Since NPSHi must normally be determined by visual observation, it is
difficult to measure. It can, however, be an important value for pumps requiring a high degree of reliability over
long periods of continuous operation (e.g. nuclear power plant cooling pumps).
NPSH0% = The minimum value of suction inlet NPSHA at which The pump total dynamic head exhibits no appreciable drop
and The pump itself no appreciable vibration. in many clear fluid applications, this is The NPSHA at which The
pump can operate continuously without damage.
NPSH3% = The value of suction inlet NPSHA at which the pump total dynamic head drops by 3%. NPSH3% is relatively easy
to measure in the test lab and gives a good indication of the onset of significant performance losses due to
cavitation. One must recognize, however, that at this value of NPSH, some cavitation is already occurring and that
continuous operation at this point is generally not advisable.
In the dredging industry, pumps are often operated well into the cavitation range on a regular basis. As a result, NPSH5% and even
NPSH10% are often measured and taken into consideration during operation.
Dredgers also sometimes refer to the value of “Decisive Vacuum”, rather than NPSHR. Decisive Vacuum is defined as the static gauge
vacuum at the pump suction inlet, (as measured by pressure taps flush with the suction piping wall), at the point where the pump discharge
head falls by some given amount, usually 5%. It is derived by rearranging the pump test equation “B” above to solve for suction head,
then multiplying through by ρg and adding atmospheric pressure to convert suction head into static gauge pressure:
VacM = PA – (NPSH5%)(ρg) – PVP + ΔV2 / 2

Pa
VacM N/m² The “Decisive Vacuum”.
lbs/ft²
Pa
PA N/m² Atmospheric pressure.
lbs/ft²
Pa
PVP N/m² The liquid vapor pressure at the current temperature.
lbs/ft²
kg/meter³
ρ Liquid density.
lbs/feet³
meter/sec²
g Acceleration of gravity.
feet/sec²
meter/sec
V Liquid velocity at the pump suction inlet.
feet/sec

Oil Selection
Proper bearing lubrication is the most critical aspect of pump mechanical end performance. The heavy duty roller bearings used in slurry
pumps generally run for prolonged periods at higher speeds and with more varying loads than in many other applications. Premature
bearing failures can often be attributed to problems with lubrication.
Until 1998, GIW recommended and supplied standard mineral oils with our bearing assemblies ranging in viscosity from ISO 150 to 320,
depending on the bearing size and operating conditions of the unit. These oils give acceptable service under most conditions, and are
still an alternative for GIW bearing assembly lubrication, however, they do not take advantage of the improvements in oil life, temperature
resistance, corrosion resistance and film strength available from modern synthetic lubricants.
To better service our customers, GIW Blue Synthetic Oil was introduced to provide a high quality
lubricant in a single ISO 150 grade for use in all pump sizes. This bearing oil provides high film
strength for extra protection during the critical commissioning and break in period and improved
protection against normal wear throughout the life of the unit. It can tolerate significantly higher
operating temperatures than standard mineral oil in hot climate and/or high speed applications
that must run at over 185°F ( 85°C ). In normal applications, extended change intervals are
possible if supported by oil sampling to monitor contamination. Because of its superior corrosion
inhibitors, this oil is also used to coat and protect the internal components of all GIW bearing
assemblies during shipping and storage. An optional ISO 100 viscosity grade is available for
extreme cold weather operation or for underwater bearing assemblies where the housing is
completely filled with oil.
Two changes of GIW Blue Oil are supplied standard with every new oil lubricated GIW bearing
assembly for the initial fill and first oil change. Additional supplies can be obtained through your
GIW representative. The responsibility for evaluating and approving individual lubricants against
this specification rests with the customer and their suppliers. Special note should be made that
most major bearing suppliers recommend against using oils with EP (Extreme Pressure)
additives in highly loaded roller bearing applications. In addition, certain brands of oil should not
be mixed in the same bearing assembly, as it can create corrosion of the metal parts due to the
reaction of incompatible additives.
Proper maintenance and top quality lubricants are required for long bearing life. Whatever brand
you choose for your equipment, be sure the oil level is correctly maintained and that routine oil
changes take place on schedule.

Pump Flanges
Flange Styles
GIW Slurry Pumps utilize various flange styles. Flat face flanges are the current standard, and some custom pumps feature raised face
flanges. Discharge flanges are typically cast with a slotted bolt circle. Through-hole designs exist but are not common. Double walled
pump flanges are typically drilled into the ductile iron outer casing, with the discharge side being split between the two casing halves.
Suction flanges are typically drilled into the suction plate and the suction liner protrudes slightly into the flange area to form the seal (see
“LSA” Style Suction Flange).
Slotted Cast Iron Flange Double Wall Pump Flange “LSA” Style Suction Flange
Typical GIW Slurry Pump Flange Types
Most slurry pump flanges cannot conform entirely to ANSI standards due to their materials of construction, wall thicknesses, and other
design features important to proper functioning of the slurry pump. Whenever possible, GIW chooses flange diameters and bolt sizes so
the pump flanges will mate to a standard ANSI flange. In a few cases this has not been possible, and GIW can supply companion flanges
or spool pieces, if requested.
The form of the flange and the important mating dimensions are normally shown on the GIW pump assembly drawing. Flange composite
drawings are also available for some pump ranges, such as the LCC design.
Flange Pressure Rating
The pump flange pressure rating is always considered equal to that of the pump itself. Every new GIW factory built pump is hydrostatically
tested to 1.5 times the required maximum operating pressure.

Pump Flanges
Piping/Spool Flange Considerations
The suction and discharge piping inner diameter (ID) should match the pump inlet and outlet ID at the flange connection. Any pipe to
pump ID mismatch at the connection flanges should be limited to 6mm/0.25” per side.
If piping size does not match the pump, a tapered spool piece adaptor should be used to provide a smooth transition between pipe and
pump. To reduce impact on performance, a taper of 10-deg or less for the total angle of a suction or discharge spool piece is
recommended, and a 6-deg taper is optimal. Suction reducer adaptors should be straight on top if air is present, straight on bottom if
solids concentration is high, or concentric.
The suction pipe or spool piece should be equal to or smaller than the pump suction at the flange connection. This allows the pipe to
wear out to match the pump. A pipe larger than the suction should also perform acceptably if the mismatch is less than 6mm/0.25" per
side. A larger step may cause flow disturbances going into the pump. For example, an undersized suction pipe could result in accelerated
liner or impeller wear, loss of NPSHA, and high inlet velocity. An oversized suction pipe could result in poor sealing at liner face,
accelerated wear on the pump liner, and solids accumulation at the bottom of the pipe.
The discharge pipe or spool piece should be equal to or greater than the pump discharge to allow for pump wear at the connection flange.
An undersized pipe at the discharge may be acceptable but would expose the corner of the flange to severe wear. The design of the pipe
and flange would need to consider this local wear.
In general for flanged connections when pumping slurry, a small step down (reduction) in pipe diameter will quickly get worn smooth by
the slurry due to the exposed corner being worn away. In contrast, a step up (increase) in diameter would remain and potentially introduce
eddy flows causing local gouging wear in the downstream pipe.
Gasket Selection
Gasket style, material, thickness, and system operating pressure determine the flange bolt torque requirements. For example, metallic
gaskets require high clamping force to seal while rubber gaskets can be easily damaged by excessive clamping force. Minimum and
maximum torque for sealing and gasket damage prevention are specified by the gasket manufacturer. Note that gaskets may compress
during operation, so bolt torque should be rechecked periodically.
When bolting up the flanges of double walled, rubber lined pumps (where the liner itself forms the gasket) a flat faced mating flange must
be used. Tighten the bolts until solid metal-to-metal contact is made between the piping flange and the flange of the iron pump casing.
When bolting up an “LSA” style suction flange, best practice is to use a full faced gasket. This eliminates the possibility of accidentally
overstressing the suction liner by over-tightening the bolts. Using a gasket which covers only the liner face is not recommended and can
result in excessive load and stress on the liner.
CORRECT INCORRECT
(FULL FACE GASKET)
Gasket Mounting for LSA Style Suction Flange

Pump Flanges
Flange Bolting Guidelines
For slotted and through hole type flanges, the required bolt size is generally 5mm/0.25” smaller than the width of the slot or hole.
Flange bolts should generally meet the strength requirements for Imperial Grade 5, ASTM A325 or Metric Property Class 8.8. Higher
grade bolts are acceptable.
Apply the minimum torque required to seal based on gasket type and system pressure whenever possible. Do not exceed the pump
assembly fastener torque limits as detailed in your manual section 11.1 without consulting GIW Technical Support.
Non-metallic piping flanges (e.g. fiberglass, composite, urethane, etc…) bolt torque limitations may be lower due to limitations on the
flange strength. Follow the piping manufacturer’s recommendations.
Avoid excessive stress on the pump flange. Do not use flange bolts, “come-alongs”, or other devices to pull misaligned piping to the
pump. Pipe misalignment is considered a part of the total piping loads which must not exceed the allowable “Forces and Moments at
Nozzles” as given in the GIW Maintenance Manual section 4.7. Excessive piping loads may lead to broken flanges, drive train
misalignment and/or process fluid leakage.
A single flange fastener must never be used to pull the piping up to the pump. This concentrates stresses that can stretch the bolt and
bend or break the flange. Normal gaps between the pump and piping can be brought together by using the correct tightening sequence.
Proper flange tightening is especially important in the case of raised face flanges.
Fasteners should be tightened in sequence as illustrated below, applying the torque in several steps before achieving the final torque
required by the gasket. Bolts and nuts must be clean and free from dirt, rust or damage. Lubricate the threads to achieve correct installation
torque and allow easy disassembly for future routine maintenance. Place the gasket and install the fasteners hand tight. The use of gasket
adhesive will be dictated by the gasket manufacturer. Check that the flange faces are parallel. If not, adjust the pipe supports.
For smaller pipe sizes, bring all the bolts to 30% of the final torque in
sequence, then to 70% and finally to the required torque value for the
gasket material being used. Larger flanges may require more steps. 3 1
Recheck the final torque again as needed while the gasket 2 2
compresses.
1 B2 A1 3
If possible, re-torque after 24 hours. Most bolt preload loss occurs
within 24 hours. A2 B1
3 1
Four and eight bolt flanges should be tightened in a cross pattern:
2 2
1 3
8 1
4 1
For larger flanges with 12 or more fasteners, it is recommended
4 5
that two workers tighten the bolts simultaneously, working 180°
apart. Each tightens bolt number one in quadrant A, then bolt
number one in quadrant B, move to bolt number two, repeating
6 3 until the required torque is achieved on all the fasteners. This
2 3 reduces excess localized loading on the flange components
2 7 and gasket.

Pump Hydraulic & Flange Loads
Overview
The purpose of this document is to clarify the terms used by GIW when discussing pump loading and to define how certain changes in
piping will affect a pump.
GIW Terminology
 Hydraulic Loads (Nozzle Loads) – Fluid pressure and momentum loads (internal loads), determined by operating conditions:
flow rate, pressure, effective diameter, and slurry specific gravity.
 Allowable Flange Loads – The allowable static or dynamic loads acting on the pump that are not considered hydraulic (internal)
loads. The allowable loads are based on calculations from the Hydraulic Institute and provided to the customers. The “External”
loads may also be called “Mechanical” loads or “Piping” loads. These could include, but are not limited to: forces acting on pump
flanges, weight of attached piping, thermal expansion of the piping, and moments created by attached piping.
Effects of Piping on the Pump

 Diffuser – If a diffuser is used, the loads on the discharge flange of the pump will increase. Changes in pipe diameter will affect
the axial force acting on the pump flanges. The below figure depicts a pump casing with a diffuser (small to large area) attached
to a larger pipe. The Blue Area (1) shows the normal area for the hydraulic load. Because the pipe diameter is larger than the
pump nozzle inner diameter, an additional force pushing back against the pump flange is created. The green lines represent the
applicable area that must be considered during flange force calculations. The pressure acting over Area 3 will be an additional
load on the flange Area 2. A reduction in diameter will have the same effect except the force will be pulling away from the pump.
Loads Due to Pressure Forces will Increase When Using a Diffuser
2 3 1 Blue – Hydraulic Loads (Momentum and Pressure)

Green – Piping Loads (Forces and Moments)
Pressure forces defined by the area in green (area
2
1 larger than inside diameter of the pump discharge)
will become additioal flange loads that must be
3
considered unless a pipe support is used on the
diffuser to carry the loads.
 Pipe Couplings – A grooved-end coupling is a pipe joining method used on

grooved-end piping. The coupling bolts onto both sides of the piping. Each pipe
has a raised edge which fits securely inside the lower edge of the coupling.
The grooved-end coupling can be either rigid or flexible, depending on which
style the customer selects. Grooved-end pipes are compatible with both rigid
and flexible couplings; therefore the customer must select the coupling based
on the requirements of the system. Figure 2, below, depicts the parts of a
Victaulic brand grooved-end coupling.

Pump Hydraulic & Flange Loads
Effects of Piping on the Pump

 Rigid Coupling – When a rigid coupling is selected, the piping attached to the pump flange is considered rigid and will carry a
portion of the hydraulic loads. The remaining hydraulic load is carried by the pump foundation. For design purposes, GIW
estimates that 50% of the loads are carried by piping in a typical rigid piping configuration. The rigid couplings are not designed
to accommodate for axial movement.
 Flexible Coupling – When a flexible coupling is selected for a piping system, the piping layout will accommodate axial movement.
In this case some rigidity still exists, but the conservative assumption is that the piping will no longer support any hydraulic load
and 100% of the hydraulic load is carried into the pump foundation and/or pipe supports, depending on pipe support design and
location.
 Pipe Supports – Pipe supports and locations will affect the loads acting on the pump. When GIW defines allowable loads, GIW
assumes that half of the hydraulic load will be carried by pump and the other half will be carried by the piping. The addition of
pipe supports close to the flanges will lower the forces and moments acting on the pump flange. It is the responsibility of the
customer to design the piping layout so that the loads incurred on the pump flanges are less than the allowable loads provided
by GIW. Failure to do so may result in equipment damage.
GIW Allowable Flange Loads

 GIW has established allowable flange loading using methods based on ANSI/HI 12.1-12.6-2011 Slurry Pump Standard
(American National Standards Institute/Hydraulic Institute). These loads generally exceed ANSI/HI 9.6.2-2008 Table 9.6.2.1.4a
and ANSI/API 610-2004 Table 4 (American Petroleum Institute). These allowable flange loads are provided for the customer to
use in the design of their piping system.
 GIW TBC pumps are often capable of carrying loads that exceed the design parameters GIW provides as limitations. GIW
prefers not to allow these higher loads. GIW believes the additional carrying capacity should be reserved as a safety factor for
unplanned upset loading conditions.

Pump Vibration Levels
Pump Vibration Levels
Vibration levels can be used to monitor bearing condition and provide an excellent diagnostic tool for preventative maintenance. Both
permanently mounted accelerometers and portable sensing units can be used to track changes in the vibration signal as the equipment
ages. Once baseline measurements are established under normal operating conditions, routine monitoring can alert the operator to
potential problems.
Typical baseline values
Vibration Limit (RMS

Condition
Unfiltered)
For GIW 4 and 5 vane slurry pumps with following qualifiers:

 Operation on clear water.
 Operation within the preferred operating range.
 Properly designed foundations.
0.25 6.3
 Properly aligned couplings and/or sheaves.
inch/s mm/s
 Properly designed piping supports and/or isolation.
 Acceptable piping loads according to applicable standards.
 No cavitation or entrained air.
 No natural frequency resonance in equipment outside the manufacturer’s scope of supply.
0.30 7.6 For factory testing:

inch/s mm/s Increased to allow for the less permanent and robust mounting arrangement
 3 Vane pumps
Review by GIW  Large sphere clearance pumps
 or if guarantees are to be given
Typical set points
As with temperature, vibration readings can be used to trigger alarms or pump shut down. Set points may need to be adjusted according
to ambient conditions created by the operating environment. For medium duty conditions approximating the above qualifiers, the following
set points would be typical. For duty specific recommendations, contact your GIW representative.
Vibration Limit (RMS

Condition
Unfiltered)
Warning alarm to operator (vibration borderline):

0.25 6.3 Pump inspection recommended
inch/s mm/s Fault should be identified and monitored
Shutdown not required..
Action alarm to operator (vibration high):

0.35 8.9 Immediate pump inspection mandatory
inch/s mm/s Fault should be identified and corrected
Shutdown may be required depending on the nature of the fault
Trip alarm (vibration unacceptable):

0.45 11.4
Fault must be corrected
inch/s mm/s
Pump shutdown mandatory

Pumping Through An Idle Pump
In general, the practice of “pumping through” an idle pump should be avoided. Energy is wasted and the wetted parts of the pump will still
wear out, in some cases faster than a normally operating pump, due to the undesirable flow patterns caused by pumping through.
In cases where this practice cannot be avoided, the following points should be remembered:
 The flow through a pump that is being “pumped through” will cause it to rotate slowly in the forward direction
 The speed of rotation will depend on the amount of friction in the drive train. Assuming that this amounts to less than 10% of
normal running torque, the pump will turn at 25% to 30% of normal running speed.
 The pressure drop across the pump under this freewheeling condition will be approximately 30% of the head under normal
operation at the same flow.
 If the rotor is locked, the pressure drop will increase to approximately 60% of normal running head and the shaft torque will
increase to approximately 45% of normal running torque.
 Locking the rotor is NOT recommended, partly due to safety concerns on restart and partly due to danger of unscrewing the
impeller (see next item).
 While being pumped through, the torque on the impeller will always be negative, meaning that the impeller could be unscrewed
if it is not properly tightened. The danger of this can be greatly reduced by:
o Allowing the pump to freewheel (no locked rotor).
o Insuring that the pump is run at normal speed and power before it is allowed to be “pumped through” any time the
impeller is removed and replaced (or in the case of a new pump that has never run). This will insure that the impeller
is tightened as much as possible and virtually eliminates the possibility of unscrewing due to being pumped through.
In some rare applications, this pre-tightening is not possible. In these cases, a locking nut can be designed to hold the impeller to the
shaft. However, this is a non-standard part that would generally have to be custom designed and which significantly increases the cost
of the shaft and impeller.
Note that the unscrewing of impellers can also occur under certain conditions of back flow and reverse rotation.
This subject is covered in another GIW Tech Article titled: “Reverse Rotation and Flow”.
Contact your GIW representative for a copy, or request one via our website: “giwindustries.com”.

Reverse Rotation & Flow
Many slurry pumps, including most GIW pumps, are supplied with a threaded impeller-to-shaft connection. These pumps must be
operated in a manner to maintain positive torque on the shaft. Otherwise the impeller can unscrew into the suction liner, resulting in
damage to the wet end parts and drive train.
The most common type of failure due to reverse torque is accidental start-up of the pump in reverse rotation. This is most often seen
during the commissioning of new pumps, but can occur any time a motor is replaced or rewired. To prevent this type of failure, motor
rotation should always be checked with the motor coupling disconnected anytime a new motor is installed or any changes are made to
the wiring.
Reverse torque may also occur under certain conditions of reverse flow in a slurry pump. This most often happens during a power failure
in systems with significant static head. As the flow drains back through the pump, the impeller slows down, stops and begins turning in
reverse. Depending on the amount of static head, reverse rotation can begin within a matter of seconds and reverse speeds may exceed
the normal running speed by up to 50%. If, however, no unusual resistance is offered by the system or drive train, positive torque is
maintained. This holds true through forward rundown, reversal and acceleration to reverse rotation, and eventual final reverse rundown
to standstill.
Certain types of resistance can, however, cause reverse torque and must be avoided:
 Excessive motor / drive train resistance or braking while the pump is running down in the normal (positive) direction of rotation.
 Any resistance applied to the impeller after the pump begins spinning in reverse. This most commonly occurs if attempts are
made to valve off or divert the flow after reverse rotation has been achieved. If the flow is reduced too quickly, instead of driving
the impeller, it acts as a brake and reverse torque results. If this reverse torque exceeds the tightening of the impeller during
normal operation, it will unscrew.
To prevent reverse torque problems during shutdown, power failure or reverse flow situations, the following rules should always be
followed:
 Never apply braking (variable frequency drive or mechanical) to the pump drive train during any shutdown (power failure or
normal shutoff). Allow the pump to run down naturally.
 If possible, prevent reverse flow with a check valve. This is often not practical in slurry systems due to valve wear considerations.
System design and water hammer considerations must also be addressed.
 Once reverse flow has developed, do not attempt to valve off or divert the flow from the pumps in any way. If it is desired to
divert the flow to a holding pond to prevent overflow of the sump, the diversion should be made after the flow has passed through
the pumps.
In most cases, reverse rotation is not detrimental to the pump or drive train. Some possible exceptions that should be checked are:
 Any lubrication systems that are electric motor driven and do not provide for an oil bath backup during power failure.
 Effects of reverse speed and/or over speed conditions on the motor and/or gearbox. This should be checked with the
manufacturer.

L3/D4 and Shaft Deflection
L3/D4 METHOD
L3/D4 is often used as a quick gauge of shaft stiffness. It is proportional to the shaft deflection (given a fixed load) since the
deflection of a cantilevered beam will be proportional to the third power of its length (L) divided by the fourth power of its
diameter (D). The value of L3/D4 will depend on the units used, since it is not dimensionless. This works as a means of
comparing similar pumps, provided that the same units and definitions for L and D are used from pump to pump.
There are several points to keep in mind while using this method. Values for L and D are not always clearly defined. L can
be taken from the center of the bearing or from its inboard side. Diameters often change along the shaft length. D can be
taken as the average or the maximum. The shaft sleeve can be included or excluded. GIW has found all of this to be
inexact and potentially misleading. The resulting approximated stiffness will not tell the user what the actual deflection at a
given seal will be.
GIW METHOD
GIW practice is to calculate the actual deflection at the shaft seal location based on the actual loads the pump will see at its
duty condition. This calculation is performed within the GIW SLYSEL pump and pipeline evaluation software, which contains
all the necessary performance and shaft geometry data. It is routinely used by GIW Application Engineers when selecting
and troubleshooting slurry pumps.
1) The hydraulic axial and radial loads at the impeller are calculated from the given flow, head, speed and slurry SG, using
the pump geometry and industry standard methods from the Hydraulic Institute and Stepanoff's book of centrifugal pump
design. Stepanoff, Alexey J. (1948) Centrifugal and Axial Flow Pumps: Theory, Design, and Application 2nd Edition
Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishing Company
2) The shaft deflection is calculated using the above loads together with the actual shaft and impeller dimensions and
weights. This is done according to standard mechanical engineering methods. The SLYSEL software stores a complete
description of the shaft, including all lengths, diameters and radii. It also has the location of the bearings and shaft seal.
SLYSEL provides the loads, deflections, bearing life and shaft stress as outputs. GIW’s standard limits for shaft seal
deflection are 0.040" (1.0 mm) for a stuffing box seal and 0.015" (0.4 mm) for a slurry mechanical seal. This is larger than
allowed by API 610 (0.05 mm), but is more appropriate for low speed slurry pumps with slurry seals handling mining slurries,
as compared with high speed refinery pumps handling volatile liquids (the focus of API 610). Lower deflection values may
be achieved by a process pump design with a tight volute running at the design point, or with a double volute design, but
these would not be suitable for slurry service.

Shaft Sleeve Removal
GIW shaft sleeves provide a replaceable wear surface for packing. Different designs and materials are available to meet the service
requirements of each pump.
Sleeve removal can normally be accomplished by pulling the packing from the stuffing box. With the impeller removed, scrape the gasket
material off the sleeve face to expose the threaded holes. Spraying both ends of the sleeve with penetrating oil and allow it to soak
beforehand will assist in removal. Using the correct thread size, screw a slide hammer into one of the holes and pull the sleeve off.
Occasionally, the sleeve may become corroded to the shaft. This is typically caused when the shaft isn’t coated with sufficient anti-seize,
or the sealing o-ring is not properly installed and process fluid migrates under the sleeve. In this case, spray both ends of the sleeve with
penetrating oil and allow it to soak. Multiple applications work best. Tap the outside diameter of the sleeve with a hammer while rotating
the shaft. This will help break up the corrosion and loosen the sleeve. There is a very small clearance between the sleeve and the shaft
so it will move slightly as it loosens. Don’t “beat on it” excessively or the radial bearing could be damaged. Reapply penetrating oil and
remove the sleeve with the slide hammer.
The sleeve material is normally 1026 steel so additional holes may be drilled and tapped in the face of the sleeve for the slide hammer if
needed. Use the same bolt circle diameter as the existing holes to avoid shaft damage.
Another removal method uses a cold chisel and hammer. Use proper eye protection and safety precautions. Create a few notches in the
sleeve using a cut-off wheel on a grinder. Note that the hardened surface of the sleeve typically ends about ½” (12mm) from the shaft
shoulder. Use the chisel to drive the sleeve off, rotating the shaft to distribute impacts evenly.
Using a torch is not recommended. Moisture trapped between the sleeve and shaft could create a hazardous condition. Excess heat
could damage the shaft or other components.
Once the sleeve is removed, clean the shaft to remove rust and dirt. Follow the instructions in the GIW Maintenance Manual and install
the new sleeve with sealing o-ring and two (2) impeller gaskets.

Solid Foundations
When installing a GIW pump in the field, the supporting foundation is critical to the success of the project. In order to insure long life and
proper function of the pumping system, this structure must be solid and level, and capable of supporting the full weight and operating
forces of the assembly without significant deflection between points within the assembly sub-base footprint. GIW can supply foundation
loads for design (both dynamic and static) based on your specific pump sizes and operating conditions. Contact your GIW representative
if you need this information for your project.
The concrete foundation actually performs a number of functions. It must support the weight of the entire pump assembly, maintain the
alignment of all the system components, and absorb the loads, forces and vibrations that are developed under normal operating
conditions. The concrete material used must be top quality and conform to local building codes as well as the contractor’s strength
requirements. Reinforcing bars and mesh should be used as required. The mounting surface of the concrete foundation must be flat and
level beneath the footprint of the sub-base, or the pump could be installed out of square. This could create problems aligning the piping,
place extra loads on the couplings and bearings, and alter the operating levels of lubricants or hydraulic fluids in the system. It is
recommended that the top surface of the slab be held flat and level to FF50 / FL50 according to ACI (American Concrete Institute) #117
and the CSA (Canadian Standards Association) #A23.1 which is approximately 1/8” per 10 foot (1mm per 1m). This will reduce the need
for excessive shims. Additional information on anchor bolts may be found in MSJC (Masonry Standards Joint Committee/ACI) Code
Section 2.1.4.
The structural steel sub-base assembly is designed to locate all the system components and must be mounted properly on the concrete
foundation to maintain correct alignment. As the attached sketch illustrates, a common “bubble level” or other leveling system can be
used on the machined surfaces of the steel sub-base. It is recommended that the top surface be held flat and level within 1/4” (6mm) per
10 foot (3 m). Anchor bolts set in the foundation locations must be located within 1/16” (1.5mm) of the true position shown on the drawing.
During assembly, customer supplied shims should be used at each bolt location and every 30 inches (0.76 meter) along the base structure
to level the assembly. Shims must be in firm contact with both the concrete and the steel sub-base before tightening anchor bolts to
prevent distortion of the assembly. Anchor bolts must be tightened to the torque values specified by the bolt supplier. The sub-bases
should be grouted into place at the site to insure a rigid connection to the foundation and to provide additional support to the system
structure. This also aids in absorbing vibrations by providing additional mass to the system. Grout poured into internal areas of the base
structure and within the forms around the perimeter should be vibrated to remove trapped air. Suppliers, the HI (Hydraulic Institute),
ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers), ANSI (American National Standards Institute), API (American Petroleum Institute)
and other standards outline mounting and grouting procedures and materials in detail.
Finally, the motor and other drive components must be shimmed and aligned with the pump.
GIW is committed to providing our customers with the highest quality, longest lasting pumps in the industry ... the Solid Foundation of
your entire pumping system.

Solid Foundations
1 Level in both directions using machined pads

2 1
of base
2 Pump baseplate structure
5 3 Anchor bolts
Shims at bolts and every 30” (0.76 m) along
3 4
interface
5 Fill all areas with Grout
4 Mounting surface flat and level within 1/8”
6
(3mm) per 10’ (3 m)
Concrete foundation dimensions and
7
structure determined by codesand Contractor
6
1 1 Anchor bolts to be set within true position

2
3 2  1/16” (1.5 mm)
Check along length, width and diagonal for
3
flatness and level

Sound Levels
One of the questions occasionally asked by customers relates to the noise level of our pump assemblies. Inquiries often reference a
sound level of 85 dBA at a distance of one meter, which is typically used as a time-weighted average value for equipment. The actual
sound levels of GIW pumps are generally below 80 dBA based on representative pump assemblies tested on clear water in our Hydraulic
Lab. It should be noted that this sound reading is for the pump and bearing assembly only. Motors, couplings, drives, gear reducers and
other components all have their own unique sound signal, and information should be obtained from that supplier. As reference, radios
play about 70 dBA, noisy offices are in the 80 dBA range, and factories can average around 90 dBA. Noise measurements can also be
affected by atmospheric conditions.
Each pump installation is unique and the total sound level will be influenced by many factors. Mounting bases, piping arrangements,
building acoustics, slurry material and operating conditions will all contribute to the sound level of any system. The operating frequency
of the equipment affects the human ear’s perception of sound levels. Without specific testing of the actual components and slurry, the
sound levels of an assembly in the field can not be accurately estimated. Even then, readings can be different when the equipment is
installed. Visiting similar pump installations is a good way to understand noise levels.
Noise levels are really just comparisons, and sound measurement requires a sophisticated sound level meter and controlled conditions.
Sound is expressed in Decibels (dB) defined as “twenty times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of sound pressure to the reference
sound pressure”, and have different relative scales, such as “A”. Determining total sound level is not as simple as adding the components
together, since decibels do not add numerically like linear numbers do. For example, combining a 70dBA pump and a 70dBA motor would
equal 73dBA, while adding a 78 dBA gear reducer to a 72 dBA pump unit would only raise the sound level to 79 dBA. The chart below
shows the factors to add to the higher of the two sound levels of components when looking for a total estimate:
Chart for addition of Decibels

Add to higher decibal
rating
Difference in levels, decibels
The above information is intended to help explain noise levels to our customers. Contact GIW if there are specific questions, or if additional
information is required. Testing for estimated noise levels of pumps and equipment is available in the GIW Hydraulic Lab for our customers
at an additional charge.
GIW Slurry Pumps – Sound Advice for all your pumping needs.

Start-up
In determining any start-up or shutdown strategy, one must consider the transient conditions which may occur and the effects which these
will have on the mechanical integrity of the pump and system. In the following, a number of scenarios are considered, with the advantages
and disadvantages of each being discussed.
WARNING
Before operating your GIW pump, be sure to read the maintenance manual provided with it for additional specific
instructions relating to start-up, commissioning and shutdown.
Start-up:
Start-up against a full line with closed (or partially closed) discharge valve
This is the most common recommendation for start-up procedures, since it is also the safest. By starting the pump with a filled system
against a closed or partially closed discharge valve, the pump shaft power remains well below normal operating power, reducing start-up
loads on the shaft and motor. In addition, having the line completely filled with fluid insures that system friction and static head will quickly
approach that expected under normal operation, preventing a “run-away” flow condition. After starting the pump, the discharge valve is
slowly opened and the flowrate gradually increases to the normal operating flowrate in an orderly manner without cavitation or extreme
transients in power or pressure.
Operation against a completely shut discharge valve should never be continued for more that five minutes and in some cases should be
avoided. These include high head applications of more than 80m (260ft) per stage and pumps with mechanical shaft seals. In these
cases, the discharge valve should be opened slightly before starting to insure that the start-up flowrate will be at least 30% of the pump’s
best efficiency flowrate (BEPQ) in order to prevent excessive vibration, or in the case of a mechanical seal, higher than normal shaft
deflection. Exceptions to this can be made based on a mechanical analysis of the pump by GIW engineers.
When starting a system against a closed valve, it is important to remember that the pressure produced by the pump may be higher than
that produced during normal operation. The pump and system components must be able to withstand this pressure. This is especially
important in multistage systems, where the pressure is multiplied by the number of pumps.
Start-up of multiple pumps in series
A long pipeline with pumps spaced out along the line will produce a much higher pressure at the last stage against shut head than during
normal operation, due to the absence of any pressure drop along the line from the fluid flow. In this case, it is best to start the pumps one
at a time, beginning with the first pump in the line and bringing new pumps online as the flowrate increases, although care must be taken
when pumping through idle pumps which have been newly built (see section on this topic below).
Alternatively, if variable speed drive is available, all pumps can be started together at reduced speed to keep pressures below acceptable
levels as the discharge valve opens and system flow and resistance reach normal levels.

Start-up
Start-up against an empty line with open (or no) discharge valve
For reasons unrelated to start-up, it is sometimes desired to eliminate any valves on the discharge side. In these cases, the pipeline is
often started empty and the pump may runout to flowrates much higher than normal, due to the reduced system resistance. This may
result in the pump pulling significantly more power as the pipeline fills, which can require anywhere from a few seconds to many minutes
depending on the length of the pipeline. If the magnitude and duration of the extra power draw is not allowed for in the design of the pump
shaft, drive equipment and electrical supply, failures and/or trip outs may occur.
To identify the potential for such problems, an analysis of the transient start-up behavior should be made in advance to estimate, and
account for, any excess power draw during start-up. This analysis must take into account the volume of the system to be filled, the density
of the liquid, the length of the system and the changes in static head along the way. Drive equipment must then be sized to handle the
magnitude and duration of any excess power draw.
The NPSHR performance of the pump must also be checked at the runout flow condition, since NPSHR generally increases with flowrate
and can exceed that available under normal conditions, resulting in cavitation.
In general, shorter systems and/or those with significant increases in static head early in the pipeline will develop system resistance
quickly enough to prevent problems. Long horizontal pipelines with little or no static lift will require more attention.
In cases where undesirable runout conditions cannot be avoided, the excess power margin may represent a significant extra cost in
capital equipment. An alternative solution is to fit the pump with a variable speed driver to allow reduced speed during system filling.
Since pump power varies according to the cube of pump speed, even small reductions can provide a considerable power margin. For
example, a 20% reduction in speed will reduce pump power draw by approximately 50%.
When starting against an empty line, all discharge valves should be open, since damaging pressure surges (water hammer) can occur
as the fluid runs into the restriction of a partially closed valve. This would also apply to any other major restriction in the line. If in doubt,
and previous experience with similar equipment is lacking, a water hammer analysis should be performed.
Start-up of short vertical systems
This is another case where pipelines are often empty (or partially empty) during start-up and where discharge valves are sometimes
omitted for convenience and/or other non-start-up related issues. Possible applications include cyclone feed and plant process. FGD
recycle pump applications (see next section) may also fall into this class.
In most cases, the system will fill quickly, increasing static head as it does so and preventing operation at run-out flowrates for more than
short periods of time. Unless the discharge piping is unusually long (perhaps with horizontal sections included) or is significantly larger in
diameter than the pump discharge, a transient analysis (as mentioned above) should not be needed and the drive train can be sized to
suit normal operations.

Start-up
FGD (Flue Gas Desulfurization) recycle pump start-up
These systems are often characterized by large volume sumps and mostly static system head. Discharge pipe diameters can also be
large and represent significant fill time and volume on start-up. Discharge valves are often absent, however, nozzles (spray heads) are
present at the system outlet.
Much of the previous discussion regarding start-up against an empty pipeline and start-up of short vertical systems would apply to these
systems. Some additional concerns should also be considered:
If the discharge piping is large and a difference in level is allowed to develop between the pipeline and tank, a significant flowrate can
develop through the pump in either direction when the suction valve is opened prior to start-up. This must be avoided, since it can result
in negative torque on the impeller, especially in cases where the static difference is large and the discharge piping of a large diameter. If
the impeller has not yet been tightened by normal operation, it can screw off, press against the suction liner and push the pump bearing
assembly back into the drive train with considerable force. A level difference in either direction can result in reverse torque: in the one
case by forward flow and in the other case by hydraulic braking applied to the impeller after reverse flow and impeller rotation as the
levels equalize. To avoid problems, the suction valve should be opened only a small amount until the levels equalize, which may take
many minutes. Alternatively, the levels can be equalized by other reliable means without flow through the pump.
The nozzles (spray heads) in FGD systems represent a sudden constriction during start-up against an empty (or partially empty) system
and should be considered a potential water hammer hazard. While we are presently not aware of any cases of FGD spray heads causing
water hammer, the potential should be kept in mind if the design, sizing or application of these nozzles changes over time.
General start-up notes:
Pumping through idle pumps
It is sometimes desired to pump through (or otherwise allow flow through) an idle pump, especially for short periods during start-up in
multi-pump systems. If flow is in the normal direction and the impellers have not yet been tightened by normal operating torque (e.g. the
pumps have not run since being built), the possibility exists for the impeller to screw off the shaft, press against the suction liner and push
the pump bearing assembly back into the drive train with considerable force.
In this case, the impeller must be tightened as much as possible before start-up and the flow should be increased slowly to allow time for
the impeller to come up to speed. The shaft must also be free to rotate without undue braking or friction. This is commonly done in long
phosphate pipelines.
Such forward flow can also occur in FGD recycle pump systems in the event that the sump and pipeline levels are different when the
suction valve is opened before start-up. This should always be avoided, (see section on FGD recycle pumps.)

Start-up
Vapor pockets
If a long pipeline has more than one high point (several peaks and valleys greater than 30 feet / 9 meters in height), a vapor (vacuum)
pocket can form at each peak in the pipeline as the line tries to drain. In the same way, a vapor pocket can form in a short line with mostly
static head (greater than 30 feet / 9 meters) if it is shut down against a tightly fitting, closed valve higher up in the system. During start up
against this vapor pocket a water hammer will occur. To prevent this, air vents (vacuum breakers) must be provided at the high points to
allow air into the system. Even with air present, water hammer can occur as the air pockets move through the system, but the severity
will be greatly reduced. Any start-up strategies which reduce pumping pressure during filling (reduced pump speed, starting on clear
water, etc..) will also reduce the potential for water hammer.
Mechanical seals
Many pumps are fitted with mechanical shaft seals and these may have special start-up requirements of their own. In particular, conditions
which can adversely affect the cooling and lubrication of the seal, such as air entrainment, loss of flushing (if required) or system pressure
transients must be carefully considered. At minimum, the pump should always be filled with liquid to at least the top of the suction line
before starting. Locking tabs must also be removed, if present.
Always consult the mechanical seal maintenance manual for specific instructions before start-up.
Suction side valves.
Suction side valves must always be fully open during start-up and shutdown to prevent cavitation and the resulting vibration, mechanical
damage and loss in performance. A suction side valve should never be used to replace a discharge side valve for throttling or for keeping
a system filled at start-up.
Unplanned shutdowns
The unplanned shutdown should always be included as part of any start-up protocol, since one can easily occur due to power failure,
automatic alarms or manual intervention.

Stuffing Box Design
The function of the stuffing box is to provide a rotating seal at the shaft between the pumped product and the atmosphere. This is
accomplished by forcing packing against the shaft sleeve. Flush water provides lubrication and removes the heat generated by friction.
Stuffing Box Design
GIW offers three standard stuffing box designs. In general, more flush water will result in less wear on the packing and sleeve, so the
decision of which design to use depends on the severity of the service, quality of the seal water and relative importance of seal life vs.
water supply costs.
 The Forward Flush design is the simplest and easiest to operate. It consists of a lantern ring backed with multiple packing rings
and is used where gland water supply is plentiful and addition of water to the process flow is not problematic.
 The KE design is used where minimum water usage is desired. One or two rings of packing are located between the lantern ring
and the wear plate to restrict seal water flow into the pump cavity, while the packing rings behind the lantern ring seal to
atmosphere. It is the most sensitive design to variable operating conditions and abrasive wear, and requires more careful
maintenance.
 The Throat Bushing design combines the lantern ring with a longer, tight tolerance collar and provides a compromise between
the Forward Flush and KE designs in difficult applications where water reduction is needed. It produces a throttling effect that
restricts seal water flow in the pump while maintaining pressure and flow at the packing rings. This reduces the amount of water
that enters the process flow while providing an easy-to-maintain stuffing box assembly.
The Throat Bushing design is also available in a variation incorporating the SpiralTrac® technology. This allows for flowrates to be reduced
by 50% or more while still maintaining acceptable packing life and sleeve wear.
Packing
Stuffing box packing is the actual sealing element in most stuffing box assemblies. It experiences considerable friction and will have a
limited lifespan. Proper maintenance procedures are essential to avoid premature failure, wear and corrosion to nearby parts, mechanical
end contamination and unnecessary downtime. The following provides an introduction to packing basics. Refer to your GIW Pump
Maintenance Manual, GIW representative and/or packing supplier for further detail.
The packing type must be compatible with your pumping application. This includes pressure, temperature, pH and solids content. Seal
water quality can also affect packing selection. Refer to your Bill of Materials for the packing type supplied with your pump or contact your
GIW representative if a change in packing type is needed.
Below is a summary of standard GIW packing types:
Tuf-Pak 100
Vegetable fiber packing impregnated
with PTFE for moderate temperature,
pressure and pH.
Tuf-Pak 500
Tuf-Pak 300
Graphite particles in an expanded PTFE matrix
Continuous filament polyimide and
plus aramid corner braid for high pressure
PTFE yarns for high temperature or
application with hot and/or poor quality seal
pressure and wide range of pH.
water.
Tuf-Pak 400
Tuf-Pak 600
Graphite particles in an expanded
Heat resistant, thermoset fiber for most
PTFE matrix for extreme chemical
applications. Commonly supplied with
service and grease lubricated expeller
“SpiralTrac®” assemblies
seals.

Stuffing Box Design
Packing Maintenance
A close inspection of parts should be performed prior to packing your stuffing box. If the shaft sleeve shows signs of grooving, sharp burrs
or cuts, it should be replaced. Also ensure that the stuffing box housing, wear plate, lantern ring and/or throat bushing are replaced if they
show excessive wear. Wear rates tend to accelerate as a part becomes worn, so take this into account when deciding when to replace.
Before packing, the stuffing box must be aligned with the shaft
sleeve to prevent uneven compression of the packing. A centering
device or telescopic bore gauge can be used to ensure a uniform
clearance between the shaft sleeve outer diameter and the inner
bore of the stuffing box housing. Once the stuffing box is centered,
Ensure uniform
the lantern rings and packing can be installed.
clearance along
housing inner bore
Packing rings and lantern ring (or throat bushing) must be installed
and shaft sleeve
in the correct order with stuffing box flush ports properly aligned.
Refer to your stuffing box drawing for proper arrangement.
Area should be
equalized to within
Ensure that each packing ring is cut to the correct length prior to
0.010” (0.25mm) at
installation. Packing that is cut too short or too long will fail
all locations.
prematurely. It is recommended to use GIW packing that is precut to
the correct length and sealed for shipment. Insert each ring of
packing individually, making sure to stagger the joints so they are
not in alignment. Firmly seat each individual ring of packing as added
with a suitable tamping tool.
Next install and tighten the gland to compress the packing into the stuffing box. Do not over-tighten. Once compressed, back the gland
away to release all pressure on the packing rings. Finally, finger tighten the gland back onto the packing. Note that over-tightened packing
can burn during startup, requiring a new set of packing rings and a repeat of the installation process. Burnt or glazed packing will not seal
and can be identified by its shinny hard surface and sharp edges.
Seal water should be applied before start-up. If no leakage is seen, the packing may be too tight. If leakage is excessive, tighten the
packing just enough to bring it under control, but do not attempt to adjust the leakage to minimum levels until the pump is running.
After startup, the packing gland tightness and seal water pressure should be adjusted to maintain a steady stream of cool or lukewarm
leakage out of the stuffing box. If the leakage becomes hot, the gland should be loosened to allow greater flow. If the leakage becomes
cloudy, or you experience low packing life, the water pressure and/or flowrate should be increased.
New packing must be to be broken in during pump startup. This can take as long as 45 minutes, during which frequent adjustments may
be required. After break-in, periodic checks (usually daily) should be made and adjustments performed as needed.
Some stuffing boxes for expeller (dynamic) seals use no seal water, but are grease lubricated. In this case, each ring of packing must be
thoroughly coated with suitable grease during installation and additional grease added during operation. The amount and frequency of
re-lubrication will depend on operating speed and frequency of exposure to slurry under pressure, such as during periodic shutdowns or
system upsets.

Stuffing Box Design
Flush Water Requirements
Flush water quality plays an important role in the life of the packing and shaft sleeve. Ideally, flush water should be cool, not liable to form
deposits and have neutral pH. Solids content should be kept below 2500 ppm and 60 microns. While less than ideal flush water can (and
is) used, it is important to remember that the life of your stuffing box may be reduced and specific maintenance practices may be needed
to obtain acceptable service. These may include more frequent adjustments, better control systems, special sleeve coatings and special
packing materials.
The required pressure and volume of flush water depends on the design of the stuffing box, the working pressure of the pump, and the
size of the shaft. The key is to have enough water volume and pressure to cool and lubricate the packing while excluding slurry particles
from entering the stuffing box.
Recommended flowrates are listed in the GIW Maintenance Manual for each shaft size. These are based on measurements taken in the
GIW Hydraulic Lab and on field experience. Values are given for normal operation as well as for seal water system design. The latter
represents the maximum flowrate that should be required to sustain satisfactory operation of the seal in the worn condition. For best
economy and performance, each pump should be adjusted for minimum water consumption while still providing adequate drip rate.
Seal water systems may be pressure or flow controlled, as discussed in more detail below. In either case, the seal water system must be
capable of supplying both the required pressure and flow. Seal supply systems must also incorporate a pressure relief device set no
higher than 10 psi (0.7 bar) over the Maximum Working Pressure of the slurry pump to protect against overpressure to the pump.
Regardless of the stuffing box design or flush water control method, periodic gland adjustments will keep water consumption to a minimum
while a constant source of good quality water will ensure the longest life of shaft sleeves and packing.

Stuffing Box Design
PRESSURE CONTROL vs FLOW CONTROL
Pressure Control
Pressure control can be used with all stuffing box types. For many years, the industry standard was for a seal water supply pressure of
10 psi (0.7 bar) over pump discharge pressure. While this value is still good for seal water system design, actually maintaining this
pressure at the stuffing box results in excessive water usage and is not recommended.
Best practice pressure control for Throat Bushing and Forward Flush type boxes is to include a flowmeter in the seal water line and to
valve the pressure as needed to obtain the recommended normal operating flowrate as given in the GIW Pump Maintenance Manual.
The pressure at which this occurs will be approximately equal to 10 psi (70 kPa) over stuffing box inboard pressure (that is, the internal
pump pressure just inside of the stuffing box), which is a lower pressure than pump discharge.
In the case of low flow KE type boxes, flowrates can be very small and difficult to measure. In this case, it is recommended to estimate
the stuffing box inboard pressure and control the seal water system at 10 – 15 psi (70 – 100 kPa) above that value. A method for estimating
this pressure is given in the attached appendix.
Pressure control is simplest and most reliable when pump operation and discharge pressure are relatively constant. It may be difficult to
manage in pumps with widely varying speed or pumping conditions, however, since the stuffing box inboard pressure is proportional to
the pump discharge pressure, successful pressure control systems can be designed based on feedback from the pump discharge
pressure.
Flow Control
Flow control can be used with Throat Bushing and Forward Flush designs. It is the most straightforward control method, but usually
requires more sophisticated equipment. It is most useful for reducing excess water consumption or compensating for widely varying pump
operating conditions.
Flow control requires a flow meter and/or regulating valve in the seal water supply line. Alternatively, a Positive Displacement (PD) pump
sized for the required flowrate can be used.
Flow control should not be used with the KE type stuffing box due the potential for the seal water to overpressure and result in jamming
and overheating of the packing.
Initial flowrate should be set to the recommended normal operating flowrate as given in the GIW Pump Maintenance Manual. Under
normal circumstances, no further adjustments will be required for the life of the seal. If, however, reductions in seal water usage are
desired, then further adjustments will be needed. In many cases, flowrates can be reduced to values significantly less than those quoted
in the GIW Maintenance Manual, while still maintaining acceptable flushing and lubrication. A typical flow control methodology for
minimum water usage would involve the following steps:
1 With the pump running under normal conditions, adjust the seal water flowrate to the GIW Maintenance Manual
recommendation for normal operation. Check and adjust the stuffing box packing as needed.
2 Allow the pump to run through one complete maintenance cycle. If packing, shaft sleeve and stuffing box wear rates are all
acceptable, reduce the seal water flowrate by approximately 10%.
3 Check and adjust the stuffing box packing. Gland tightness should be adjusted to maintain a steady stream of cool or
lukewarm leakage out of the stuffing box. If the leakage becomes hot, the gland should be loosened to allow greater flow. If
the leakage becomes cloudy, you have reduced the flowrate too much.
4 Go to step 2 and repeat. When operating at reduced seal water flowrates, be aware that the box may require more water as
parts wear and that some increase in flowrate over the service life of the seal may be called for.

Stuffing Box Design
APPENDIX: Stuffing Box Pressure Calculation
If discharge pressure is known:

PSB  PD  % PHUB  PSTAGE 
If discharge pressure is not known:

PSB  PS  n  PSTAGE   % PHUB  PSTAGE 
Variable Definition
PSB Approximate pressure inboard of the stuffing box.
PD Pump discharge pressure (for the pump you are sealing).
PS First stage suction pressure (for the first pump in the line).
n Number of stages, up to and including the pump you are sealing.
PSTAGE Single stage pump differential pressure (per pump).
% drop of pressure down hub side of pump.
= 0.3 to 0.5 with no hub side clearing vanes.*
% PHUB = 0.4 to 0.8 with hub side clearing vanes.*
* highest values go with higher specific speeds (over 2500 US Specific Speed)
and/or higher flowrates (over 120% BEPQ).
Example:
Given four low to medium specific speed slurry pumps with no hub side clearing vanes operating near BEPQ at 100 psi each and having
15 psi suction pressure:
PSB  15  4 100  0.3 100  385 psi

Stuffing Box Water Requirements
STUFFING BOX OVERVIEW
The function of the stuffing box is to provide a dynamic seal at the shaft between the pumped product and the atmosphere. This is
accomplished by forcing packing against the rotating shaft sleeve. Flush water provides lubrication and removes the heat generated by
friction. When properly adjusted, there should always be a small amount of water dripping from the stuffing box. This should be at a
temperature that would be comfortable for hand washing. The required pressure and volume of flush water depends on the design of the
stuffing box, the maximum working pressure of the pump, and the size of the shaft. Pumps used in series in a multiple stage system will
have special requirements. The key is to have enough water volume and pressure to cool and lubricate the packing while excluding slurry
particles from entering the stuffing box.
GIW offers three stuffing box designs for various pump applications. Standard for the LSA range is the Throat Bushing design which
combines the lantern ring with a longer, tight tolerance collar. This produces a throttling effect that restricts the water flow around the
shaft sleeve while maintaining pressure and flow at the packing rings. This reduces the amount of water that enters the process flow while
providing an easy to maintain stuffing box assembly.
Next is the Forward Flush design. This is the simplest and consists of a lantern ring backed with multiple packing rings. It is used where
gland water supply is plentiful and additional water added to the process flow is not a problem, as in many severe hydrotransport
operations.
Finally, the KE design is used where maximum water control is desired. This is the standard for LCC pumps. One or two rings of packing
are located between the lantern ring and the wear plate to restrict flow into the pump cavity, while the packing rings behind the lantern
ring provide the seal to atmosphere.
Standard GIW Stuffing Box Arrangements
FF KE TB SpiralTrac
Water supplied to the stuffing box may be referred to by different names such as Flush, Gland, Purge or Seal water, but these all mean
the same. The quality of this water plays an important role in the life of the packing and shaft sleeve. While drinking water is generally not
available, flush water should be non-aggressive, not liable to form deposits and have neutral pH. Solids content should be kept below
2500 ppm and 60 microns.
Flush water requirements are listed in the GIW Maintenance Manual. These are based on measurements taken in the GIW Hydraulic
Lab, as well as field experience, and represent the maximum flowrate that should be required to sustain satisfactory operation of the seal
over the useful life of the packing. Actual flow in a properly maintained and adjusted unit is generally less. For best performance, each
pump should be adjusted for minimum water consumption while still providing adequate drip rate.

PRESSURE CONTROL vs FLOW CONTROL
Pressure Control
Pressure control can be used with all stuffing box types. The industry standard for supply pressure is 10 psi (70 kPa) over pump discharge
pressure from supply piping adequately sized for the maximum flow required. Actual flush volume then becomes a function of the pressure
differential between the supply and stuffing box, coupled with the orifice effect of the lantern ring or throat bushing. Pressure control is
usually the simplest and most reliable approach when pump operation and discharge pressure are relatively constant, or where they can
be monitored and used to adjust the gland water supply pressure. It may be difficult to manage in pumps with widely varying speed or
pumping conditions.
Pressure controlled systems must be capable of supplying both the required pressure and volume. Depending on the requirements, this
may be accomplished by using existing plant water lines for low pressure pumps, adding a booster pump for higher pressures, or pumping
water from another source. Potable water lines typically require the use of backflow preventers or other safety devices.
Note that the pressure at the stuffing box exit is generally less that pump discharge pressure and therefore the actual pressure needed
to maintain a positive flush into the pump is less than discharge pressure. This provides an additional safety factor for upset conditions,
such as shut head operation. Clearing vanes on the back of the impeller can lower the required pressure further, but they will also reduce
pump efficiency and may lead to wear problems in some applications.
Flow Control
Flow control can be used with Throat Bushing or Forward Flush designs to reduce excess water consumption or to compensate for widely
varying pump discharge pressures.
Flow control should not be used with the KE type stuffing box due the potential for the seal water to over pressure and lead to jamming
of the packing and overheating.
Flow control of gland water involves installing a flow meter and regulating valves in the
supply line. All components must have adequate pressure ratings. Flow meters are available
with alarm contacts which can warn of the loss of sealing water supply. One must verify that
the meter and valves will work with the volume, pressure and water quality supplied at the
stuffing box.
An alternate flow control system utilizes a Positive Displacement pump sized to the required
flow rating. This requires a safety device such as a Pop-Off Valve set at 10 psi (70 kPa) over
the Maximum Working Pressure of the slurry pump to protect against overpressure to the
pump and/or seal water supply system.
Regardless of the stuffing box design or flush water control, proper maintenance of the pump assembly will result in the most efficient
operation. Periodic gland adjustments will keep water consumption to a minimum while a constant source of good quality water will ensure
the longest life of shaft sleeves and packing.

FLOW CONTROL BASICS
Water requirements for Forward Flush and Throat Bushing stuffing boxes listed in the Maintenance Manual tables indicate the potential
water flow with worn packing. Piping should be sized to the maximum flow rating.
Flush water is typically pressure controlled to Forward Flush and Throat Bushing stuffing boxes. However, where water consumption
must be reduced, a flow control system may be added. This is useful where operating pressures fluctuate over a wide range, or where
there is a potential of packing failures in remote locations.
Flow control may be achieved in different ways. Where the available water supply is adequate, install a flow meter and regulating valves
in the line. A backflow preventer is recommended to prevent reverse flow should the pump pressure exceed supply pressure.
Alternatively, a Positive Displacement pump that delivers the correct volume can be used with a safety or “pop-off” valve so the purge
pressure can never exceed 10 psi (70 kPa) above the Maximum Working Pressure of the pump. All components must have adequate
pressure ratings. Verify that components will work with the volume, pressure and water quality supplied to the stuffing box.
A typical flow control system adjustment would involve the following steps:
1 Turn on the seal water supply and adjust the flowrate to the Maintenance Manual recommendation, or to the maximum the
system can supply if the recommended flowrate cannot be reached. If the safety relief device begins to vent (MAWP
exceeded), reduce the flowrate.
2 Start the pump.
3 With pump running under normal conditions, re-adjust the seal water flowrate as done in step 1.
4 Check and adjust the stuffing box to achieve the correct drip rate as described in the Maintenance Manual.
5 If reductions in seal water flowrate are desired, reduce the flowrate in 10% increments over time. As the volume of water is
reduced, the stuffing box gland will need to be loosened slightly to maintain the proper drip rate. The temperature of the water
exiting the stuffing box is the best indicator of the correct setting. Water should be at a temperature that would be comfortable
for hand washing which indicates that the packing is not overheated.
6 Periodically check the stuffing box leakage to see that it remains clear. Cloudy leakage would indicate that slurry is mixing
with the seal water in the box and that the seal water flowrate must be increased.

Temperature Extremes
In selecting a slurry pump, one must consider wear, corrosion, mechanical and hydraulic performance.
Temperature extremes can have an impact on all of these.
Wear Performance
The wear resistance of materials may be affected by their temperature. Where chemical attack is not significant, the following limitations
should be observed for wear resistant linings:
Natural rubber and low durometer urethane linings should be limited to applications from -20 to 65°C (0 to 150°F). At the lower limit, these
materials begin to lose their resiliency and at the higher limit, they begin to soften. Both effects can reduce wear performance. The range
of allowable temperatures can be shifted upward by changing to a harder urethane or synthetic grade of rubber. Neoprene, for example,
can be applied from -10 to 100°C (15 to 212°F).
Load bearing hard iron components should be limited to applications from -40 to 120°C (-40 to 250°F). Below the lower limit, permanent
crystalline transformations can take place, affecting internal stresses. The upper limit is based on sealing and safety considerations, since
the white iron itself experiences no loss of strength or hardness at temperatures up to 200oC (400°F).
For duties outside of the limits given above, contact your GIW Applications Engineer.
Corrosion Performance
The interactions of temperature with pH, chlorides, oxygen content and other corrosion factors can be complex. For applications
exceeding 10,000 ppm chlorides and/or having a pH outside the range of 5 < pH < 10, or for elastomer applications where hydrocarbons
are present, consult your GIW Application Engineer.
Mechanical Performance
Temperature extremes can affect the mechanical performance of the pump in a number of ways. For applications where the process
temperature falls outside the range of 0 to 50°C (32 to 120°F), the following should be considered:
Bearing Lubrication
In cold applications, lubricants should be warmed before startup to reduce starting torque and improve lubrication. While bearing assembly
startup at low temperatures is possible, since the friction within the lubricant will quickly warm the assembly, regular starts below 0oC
(32oF) without warming may lead to reduced bearing life. The acceptability of such starts will depend on their frequency and on the cost
of installing the alternative heaters. For more information on low temperature operation, refer to the GIW Technical Article: “Cold Weather
Operation and Storage”.
In hot applications, the running temperature of the bearing assembly will be increased accordingly. If normal running oil temperatures will
exceed 85°C (185°F ), the use of synthetic bearing oils such as GIW Blue 150 is recommended. For more information on bearing
temperatures, refer to the GIW Technical Article: “Pump Bearing Temperature”

Stuffing Box Shaft Seals
At temperatures above 65-90°C (150-195°F), depending on operating pressure, packing and lantern ring materials should be converted
from the standard flax and Teflon, to high temperature designs. Lantern rings are generally converted to brass. For packing, GIW offers
several grades suitable for high temperature operation. In particular, when combined with high pressure and/or hot seal water, TUF PAC
500, (an aramid-PTFE-graphite blend) is recommended. For recommendations specific to your duty, contact your GIW Application
Engineer.
Seal or Flush Water
Temperature differentials between sealing or flushing water (if present) and process water can set up thermal stresses in the hub side of
the pump wet end. In cases where white iron casings with integral hub side liners are used, the temperature differential between the seal
water and process fluid should not exceed ± 45°C (± 80°F). If higher differential temperatures are needed, open back designs having a
separate hub liner should be used. This arrangement prevents the thermal stresses from being carried into the pump casing.
Sudden changes in process temperature
Temperature gradients set up within the pump by sudden changes in the process temperature can cause significant thermal stresses to
be developed within the wet end and mechanical end parts. In general, the following guidelines should be followed.
Allowable instantaneous process temperature Allowable rate of change in process

change (ΔT)* temperature (for larger ΔT)*
Operating
pressure Integral hub, white Open back, TBC and Integral hub, white Open back, TBC and
(% of MAWP) iron casing design double wall designs iron casing design double wall designs
± °C ± °F ± °C ± °F ± °C /min ± °F /min ± °C /min ± °F /min
< 50% 60 110 100 180 24 45 40 75
< 75% 45 80 75 135 18 32 30 55
< 100% 30 55 50 90 12 20 20 35
* Mechanical seal, if present, must be evaluated separately. Consult seal manufacturer for recommendations.
For more precise information about a particular pump assembly, a transient thermal FEA analysis may be required.

Piping loads
Even slow changes in process temperatures can result in significant increases in the loads applied to the pump from the piping. These
loads should be determined in advance by the piping engineer and compared to the allowable loads which the pump assembly can
handle.
Hydraulic Performance
Temperature increases in the process fluid will decrease its NPSHA (Net Positive Suction Head Available), which is a measure of the
pressure energy entering the pump. If the NPSHA falls below the NPSHR (NPSH Required) by the pump, cavitation will occur, affecting
head produced and possibly causing erosion damage. To prevent problems with cavitation due to high temperature operation, be sure to
include the effect of temperature when calculating the worst case (minimum) NPSHA which the pump will see during operation.
NPSHR is a property of the pump design and is theoretically not affected by temperature. However, in practice NPSH performance is
less predictable in high temperature applications due to the effect of dissolved gasses. Experience is the best guide, but consider doubling
the normal margin between NPSHA and NPSHR at process temperatures above 85°C (185°F).
For more information on NPSH, refer to the GIW Technical Article: “NPSH – An Introduction for Pump Users”.

Torsional Vibration Analysis
A torsional vibration analysis should be required for any pump drive train going into the oil sands industry. The torsional vibration analysis
is specific to the equipment drivetrain being installed. Any change in impeller, coupling, gearbox, or motor requires a new analysis. A
speed change will require review of the analysis.
When a Torsional Vibration Analysis is ordered, the theoretical analysis on the pump drive train will be completed. This includes, but is
not limited to: the pump impeller, pump shaft, low speed coupling, motor shaft, motor rotor and high speed coupling / gearbox if applicable.
If any auxiliary equipment is not in GIW’s scope, the customer must provide the appropriate information to GIW in order to complete the
analysis. GIW will provide a form with the pertinent information required for completion of the analysis.
The report will contain a normal modes section and a forced response section.
The normal modes section calculates the torsional natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of the undamped system.
The forced response analysis calculates the ACTUAL system response (angular displacement amplitudes of inertias, relative twist
amplitudes of shafts / springs, torque and stresses) due to the forcing function harmonics being applied to the damped system
The report will show all critical speeds on a Resonant Speed Diagram, similar to the one shown below. The Resonant Speed Diagram
shows where a system’s excitation frequencies coincide with undamped torsional natural frequencies. The diagram shows critical speeds
however, it does not show the amplitudes that occur.
Speed (rpm)
Frequency (cycle/minute)
Figure 1 – Resonance Speed Diagram
The forced response analysis will show if there is a problem with the system, it will show the amplitudes to the critical speeds. This type
of analysis is now the industry standard and is proven through multiple applications that are operating successfully in mining and dredging
applications, including oil sands. Some previous guidelines state that resonances within 10% of an operating speed are unacceptable;
this approach does not consider the actual system forced response which advanced rotating equipment designers are now capable of
performing. Now that pumps are operating over such large ranges of speeds with variable frequency drives, the mode intersection with
various resonant frequencies is to be expected. What is critical during these conditions is ensuring that torque variances and stresses
created are within the defined limits or industry standard recommendations. This is specifically noted in API 610 11th Edition, section
6.9.2.8, where it is stated, “Typically, steady-state, damped torsional analyses of pumps driven by pulse-width-modulated variable-
frequency drives have shown acceptably low stresses at the resonant conditions; these have no adverse effects on the machinery train.”

Torsional Vibration Analysis
Any negative torque conditions or torque found to exceed a manufacturer / industry standard limit shown on a TVA for constant steady
state speed operation should not be allowed but can be passed through during start up. Figure 2 shows a forced response torque diagram
that would be acceptable. Figure 3 shows ranges of speeds where the torque approaches zero and the pump cannot be operated at a
steady speed in this location. The pump can however be allowed to accelerate through this speed range to a higher range of speed where
the torque is not an issue.
Torque (Nm)
Figure 2 – Acceptable Torque Diagram
Torque (Nm)
Figure 3 – Unacceptable Torque Diagram

V-Belt Vs Cog Belt Drives
Cog belts, also called timing or tooth belts, have a wide range of applications where they perform very well, but use with a centrifugal
slurry pump is not one of their best.
When a belt slips, it acts as a clutch or fuse for a slurry pump. If the loads are momentarily greater than the drive can handle or debris
jams the impeller, this slip reduces the chance of damage that can be caused by excess torque on the pump. This is important on smaller
pumps with high horsepower motors. Remember how much torque an electric motor can produce under full load or locked rotor conditions.
Retrofitting an existing V-belt system may create multiple problems. Cog belts generally run with greater strand tension than V-belts to
avoid slipping the teeth. This increases radial loads on the motor, pump bearings and shaft which can reduce bearing life and lead to
premature failure.
The noise created can be dramatically louder. The large cog belts required for pumps could generate over 120dbA in the pump room for
each drive installed. This vibration may also be carried into the rest of the system, requiring different calibrations if monitoring sensors
are used.
Installing or replacing a cog belt requires more working clearance than comparable V-belt drives. Since the cog belt is wider and has very
little flex, it must be slid over both sheaves at the same time. This may also require a greater adjustment range for the unit.
Alignment becomes extremely critical. Multiple V-belts are forgiving to slight sheave/pulley misalignment. The wide, very stiff construction
of cog belts will create axial loads on both pump and motor bearings when not running perfectly true. Laser alignment is highly
recommended.
Contamination becomes a major issue. V-Belts normally tolerate plant debris, and damage is generally limited to a single belt which can
be economically replaced. The wide sheaves used with cog belts can easily trap rock or other trash, which could force a stone into the
belt. This cuts the inner cords, reducing tensile strength. If this damage occurs near the edge of the belt, it can cause it to snap. When a
sheave becomes nicked or damaged, it must be replaced to avoid ruining the replacement belt. This is the biggest problem with cog belts
used on motorcycles.
There is one recent case where a facility ran without problems for 6 years. A decision was made to convert the original V-belt drive to a
cog belt system. Within a few months there were failed bearings and broken shafts. The maintenance crew could not work near the
pumps during operation due to the extreme noise. This meant that routine tasks like gland adjustment and oil level checks were not being
done, leading to additional problems with the system.
If the present belt drives are slipping, the system conditions should be evaluated first and the root cause of the problems identified. If
slurry loads have increased from design conditions, or if something in the upstream process is not operating correctly, there may be lost
efficiency in the entire system that could be restored. Perhaps the present belts and sheaves are simply worn, misaligned or not properly
tensioned. It may be more beneficial to find the real problem and work on correcting it.
Let GIW help drive your costs down with proper pump selection and service.

For all spare parts and technical after sales
services please contact one of the following
Kazakhstan contact [email protected]
Mongolia contact [email protected]
South Africa contact [email protected]
Zambia contact [email protected]
Ghana contact [email protected]
Middle-East contact [email protected]
UK & Ireland contact [email protected]
East Europe contact [email protected]
Scandinavia contact [email protected]
Finland & Baltics contact [email protected]
Central Europe contact [email protected]
Brazil contact [email protected]
Chile contact [email protected]
North Andean Countries contact [email protected]
United States contact [email protected]
Central America contact [email protected]
Canada contact [email protected]

Vents & Breathers
All powered equipment generates heat during operation. This expands the lubricant and air volumes in the housing which creates a
positive internal pressure. In most industrial machinery this escapes out through a vent or breather device to the atmosphere. As the unit
cools, the oil/air volume contracts and outside air is drawn back into the housing. This process is repeated for each start/stop cycle.
Eventually enough airborne moisture is drawn in that condensation can actually form on internal components. This can create rust on
shaft and bearing surfaces.
In most slurry applications, the atmosphere surrounding the pump contains high humidity and
contamination generated by stuffing box flow, plant processes and the area environment. This can migrate
past most vents and quickly contaminate the inside of the bearing assembly. It only takes a small amount
of water to dramatically reduce the lubricating property of the oil.
By using a labyrinth seal design at each end of the shaft, GIW has eliminated the need for any external
vent or breather. Lab testing indicated that the internal pressure rise is small and is normally equalized by
bleeding out past the v-ring seal. After the pump is stopped, the cooling cycle is very slow and results in
a slight vacuum inside the housing. This pulls the v-rings against the end cover to further prevent
contamination from spray or wash down. When the pump resumes operation, the internal pressure will
simply normalize. Where Inpro® seals are used, this internal pressure can escape between the stator and
rotor while the pump is running.
Bearing units on underwater pumps for dredge duty are completely filled with oil and must be connected to a reservoir or “day tank” on
the ship to equalize internal pressure.
During the initial break in cycle it is normal for small amounts of oil or assembly lubricant to purge out of the seals or end covers at the
shaft. If oil is found leaking out of the seal, the most typical causes are worn or missing v-rings and incorrectly adjusted flingers. Too much
oil or an incorrect lubricant could also cause some oil to migrate past the seal. If the pump is not level, the seals may be flooded. Correcting
these conditions will normally eliminate the leakage. The oil level should be at the center of the sight gauge when the pump is stopped.
GIW has eliminated the use of vents for the majority of pump bearing assemblies. The exceptions are very old lip seal and Taconite seal
designs. These can be identified by the grease fitting in the end cover. Unless the unit is equipped with a breather from the factory, there
should not be a need to install one, since it generally creates more problems than it would solve. If a customer installs a vent or breather
on their units, it must be designed to exclude 100% of water spray, moisture and contaminants under all operating and storage conditions.
Since these items were not part of the original GIW product, any damage or failure to the bearing assemblies could become the
responsibility of the customer.

Technical & After Sales Service
By your side from installation to start-up
Total Customer Support We‘ve got you covered:
We offer one stop, total customer support for all GIW® Minerals ■■ Installation Support Support Services:
products. Round the clock service comes standard, no matter what ■■ Start-Up Support Technical Services
equipment issues you are facing. We pledge to focus on all the ■■ On Site Training Tel. +1 706-434-0683
Fax +1 706-210-5967
equipment details allowing you to focus on running your business. ■■ Warranty Claims [email protected]
■■ Restock
Customer Service & Spare Parts Sales
We offer a wide variety of classes, training, start-up/installation ■■ Over/Under Shipment
Tel. +1 706-863-1011 Ext. 2407
support and field service in accordance with GIW Field Service ■■ Alignments Dir. +1 706-434-0707
Fax +1 706-210-5985
Terms and Conditions and Field Service Rates. To best serve your ■■ Vibration Analysis [email protected]
needs and accommodate your preferred schedule, we request that ■■ Faro CMM Equipment
Analysis After Hours Breakdown Rush - 24/7
training and start-up support be requested 30-60 days in advance.
■■ 24/7 Breakdown Service Mobile: +1 706-513-0585
(For emergencies only)
GIW Industries, Inc. (A KSB Company), 5000 Wrightsboro Road, Grovetown, Georgia 30813-2842, USA
Tel. +1 706 863-1011, Fax +1 706 863-5637, www.giwindustries.com
Serving You at these
at these REGENLocations
SERVICE Locations
Country Mexico USA Canada Canada

(Burlington) (Sudbury)
XXXX.XXXX-EN / 08.14 / © GIW Industries, Inc. 2014 · Subject to technical modification without prior notice.
Address Av. Industrias 3430 8280 Stayton Dr., 1551 Corporate 2253 Lasalle
G, Zona Industrial Ste. M Drive Boulevard,
78395 San Luis Jessup, MD USA Burlington, Sudbury, ON
Potosí, S.L.P. 20794 Ontario L7L 6M3 P3A 2A9
Canada
Phone +52 444 8249803 +1 301 543 1200 +1 905 335 0002 +1 705-682-2222
fax +52 444 8249705 +1 301 543 0002 +1 905 335 4775 +1 705-682-0888
GIW Industries, Inc. (A KSB Company)

5000 Wrightsboro Road, Grovetown
Georgia 30813-2842, USA
www.ksb.com/giwminerals
Technical Training from slurry pumping
theory to pump maintenance techniques
We offer a comprehensive choice of training courses which teach proven methods to maximize performance and
efficiency using GIW® Minerals slurry pumping products. All courses are hands-on and at our world renowned
full-scale Hydraulic Laboratory in Grovetown, Georgia.
Slurry Pump Transport Course Slurry Pump Maintenance Course
This five-day course is designed for university-educated engineers. This practical, hands-on course is designed for maintenance and
It covers essential practical and economic considerations for slurry operations personnel. Demonstrations include wet-end assembly,
pumping with centrifugal pumps along with considerable attention bearing housing assembly, and V-belt installation and adjustment,
to engineering theory. In addition, participants learn the latest and are coupled with classroom instruction to help participants
findings on very coarse particle pumping and pipeline transport prevent problems before they occur.
at high solids concentrations.
For more information on training course offerings:
[email protected]
Don’t Let Downtime Cost You
Stock OEM Spare Parts
To avoid costly downtime, we recommend that you keep wear parts in stock at your location. Keep in mind that
highly abrasive and/or corrosive applications may require a larger inventory of OEM spare parts.
How To Place an Order Recommended OEM Spare Parts:
To place an order for spare parts contact your local authorized Required for Startup:
representative. You may find your local representative by visiting
■■ Wet End Gasket Kit ■■ Shaft Sleeve
giwindustries.com and clicking on the “Contact” tab. You can also
■■ Packing ■■ Shaft Sleeve Gasket Kit
submit your order to a parts sales & customer service associate at
■■ Mechanical Seal
[email protected] or send by fax to 706-210-5985. Be sure to
include the part number, pump serial number, a brief description of
Required for Operations:
the part, and date needed in your purchase order.
■■ Suction Liner ■■ Shaft Sleeve
We are committed to providing you with around the clock support ■■ Impeller ■■ Shaft Sleeve Gasket Kit
24/7, 365 days a year to keep your facility up and running. To reach ■■ Shell ■■ GIW Blue Oil
a Customer Service Parts Specialist or for breakdown emergencies ■■ Gasket Kit ■■ Complete Bearing Assy w/ Shaft
call the customer service hotline 1-800-241-2702 ext. 2407.
Down Time. Are you Covered?
3-2-1 “Rule of Thumb”:

To avoid costly downtime, we recommend that you keep wear parts in stock Support Services:
at your location. We have found that it’s common for our customers to us Technical Services
(3) liners and (2) impellers for every (1) shell. Customer service associates Tel. +1 706-434-0683
Fax +1 706-210-5967
can recommend spare parts for your specific application. Keep in mind [email protected]
that highly abrasive or corrosive applications may require a larger inventory
Parts Sales & Customer Service
of OEM spare parts. Tel. +1 800-241-2702 ext. 2407
Fax +1 706-210-5985
[email protected]
How To Order Spare Parts
XXXX.XXXX-US / 02.18 / © GIW Industries, Inc. 2018 · Subject to technical modifications.

To place an order for spare parts, email a parts sales & customer service associate After Hours Breakdown Rush - 24/7
at [email protected] or send by fax to 706-210-5985. Be sure to include the Tel. +1 800-241-2702 ext. 2407
+1 706-513-0585
part number, pump serial number, a brief description of the part, and date [email protected]
(For emergencies only)
needed in your purchase order.

www.giwindustries.com
Safe Handling of GIW® Minerals
Pumps and Parts
Use the correct tool for

the job. Be safe, not sorry.
Certified:
■■ ASME B30.20-2010
Below-the-Hook
Lifting Devices
■■ ASME BTH-1-2008
Design of Below-the-Hook
Lifting Devices
■■ AWS D14.1/D14.1M:2005
More information:
What Is the Safest Way to Move Pumps & Parts?
GIW® Minerals Lifting Devices Working
Safety Load Limit
Choosing the right GIW® Minerals pump for your application is

important, but it’s also important that each pump is properly installed
Part Number
and maintained. A key part of installation and maintenance of
GIW Minerals pumps is moving pump parts into place. Always
use a certified lifting device to remove, lift, move or re-install your
GIW Minerals parts. GIW Minerals pumps are precision equipment
and care must be taken in moving parts to keep your equipment
and workers safe.
Proper use of GIW® Minerals Lifting Devices

The task of lifting, moving or installing large parts such as impellers
is core to the efficient operation of modern mines, and one that
could be hazardous without the correct equipment and safety
procedures. Lifting devices are designed for specific parts or families The Right Tool for the Job
of parts, taking into consideration the orientation, weight and Safety - Prominently displayed on each GIW Minerals lifting device
center of gravity of each part. The lifting device holds the part in is the part number as well as the working load limit (WLL). This
the correct position for installation so that it can be moved easily ensures users will not mistakenly use a lifting device that is not
into place. rated for the parts being lifted.
Certification Ease of Installation - Each GIW Minerals lifting device is designed

GIW Minerals lifting devices are designed, fabricated and certified to fit a specific component and work in a predefined access space.
0000.000-US / 01.14 / © GIW Industries, Inc. 2014 · Subject to technical modifications.

to meet specific design and fabrication standards. Design Category
B and Service Class 0 (20,000 lifts) are used unless otherwise requested. Selecting the correct lifting devices
GIW Minerals lifting devices are not designed or intended to lift Lifting devices are available as an option when ordering new pumps
personnel or to transport parts directly over occupied areas. Observe or parts. All lifting devices are specifically designed for the job you
all safety procedures when using any lifting devices. need to ensure you are using the right equipment for any job!
GIW Minerals lifting devices available for a variety of parts
■■ shells/casings ■■ stuffing boxes

■■ suction plates and liners ■■ shaft sleeves
■■ impellers ■■ wet-end or complete
(closed and open shroud) pumps
To learn more about the safest way to move your GIW® Minerals
pumps and parts, refer to the GIW Minerals Maintenance Manual
suction plate & shaft sleeve impeller pump assembly or contact us at 1.888.832.4449 or visit www.giwindustries.com.
liner lift device lift device lift device lift device

Safety
GIW LCC Pump Manual
SYNTHETIC OIL
SYNFIL.MGT
MULTI-PURPOSE INDUSTRIAL OIL
BEYOND SYNTHETIC' PERFORMANCE ADVANTAGES

Synfilm GT is Royal Purple's most versatile lubricant. in the • High Film Strength
appropriate vjscosity grade, it is recommended for use in Synfilm GT protects bearings far beyond the ability of
gas and steam turbines, centrifugal compressors, pumps, other turbine oils, carrying significantly greater loads.
vacuum pumps, blowers, bearings, gears, worm gears, etc.
• Rapidly Separates from Water
Synfilm GT should be considered instead of Synfilm when
Synfilm GT rapidly and completely separates from water,
oil reservoir temperatures exceed 200T, improved low
which is easily drained from the bottom of the oil reservoir.
temperature fluidity is desired or when a viscosity grade is
not available in Synfilm. • Saves Energy
Synfilm GT has an extremely low coefficient of friction
Synfiim GT is a long life, high film strength, energy efficient, that is proven to save energy over conventional oils. In
synthetic lubricant that significantly increases bearing life rotating equipment these savings frequently exceed the
and equipment reliability. Synfilm GT gains its performance total cost of the oil within several months, making what
advantages over competing mineral and synthetic oils was once an oil expense a profit.
through its superior blend of synthetic base oils plus Royal
Purple's proprietary Synerlec additive technology. This • Extremely Clean
unique additive technology is proven to make equipment Synfilm GT is packaged in new poly containers and has a
run smoother, cooler, quieter, longer and more efficiently. typical ISO 4406 Cleanliness Level of 14/13/11 (ISO 32,
46 and 68 only). This is up to 250 times cleaner than other
Synfilm GT typically is used to upgrade from conventional, new oils delivered in steel drums or by bulk delivery.
low film strength, R&O and lightly formulated circulating oils • Reduces Bearing Vibrations
that rely primarily on their viscosity to protect equipment The tough oil film of Synfiim GT coupled with its ability to
against wear. Synfiim GT also excels in replacing premium micro-polish contacting bearing elements provides
EP and Synthetic gear oils in demanding gear and bearing superior bearing lubrication.
service.
• Longer Oil Life
Synfilm GT 32, 46, 68, 100, 150, 220, 320 and 460 are NSF Synfilm GT has outstanding oxidation stability that greatiy
certified for H2 service. extends oil change inten/als while keeping equipment
clean.
SYNERLEC® ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY MAKES • Excellent Corrosion Protection

THE DIFFERENCE! Synfilm GT's tough oil film forms an ionic bond on metal
surfaces, which acts as a preservative oil during shutdown
Synthetic oils enable Royal Purple to make superior and provides instant lubrication at startup.
lubricants, but it is Royal Purple's advanced Synerlec
• Synthetic Solvency
additive technology that gives Royal Purple's lubricants
Synfilm GT's natural solvency cleans up dirty equipment
their amazing performance advantages. Syneriec additive
and keeps it clean.
technology truly is beyond synthetic.
• Compatible with Seals
Synerlec additive technology forms a tough, slippery, Synfilm GT has excellent seal compatibility.
synthetic film on all metal surfaces. This proprietary film
• Compatible with Other Oils
significantly improves lubrication: first, by increasing the
Synfilm GT can be mixed with most mineral and synthetic
oil film's thickness, and second, by increasing the oil
film's toughness, both of which help to prevent metal-to- oils. (It is not compatible with silicone or glycol synthetics).
metal contact. It displaces moisture from metal surfaces • Environmentally Responsible
and protects all metals against rust and corrosion. It also Synfilm GT components are TSCA listed and meet EPA,
fortifies the oil against the detrimental effects of heat, RCRA and OSHA requirements. Synfilm GT extends oil
which causes oil to oxidize. drain intervals, eliminates premature oil changes,
decreases the amount of oil purchased and disposed of
and conserves energy.
Royal Purple LLC / One Royal Purple Lane / Porter, TX 77365 / 281.354.8600 / royalpurpleindustrial.com
REVISED 01 12712014
THE PERFORMANCE OIL TH^T OUTPERFORMS9
SYNFILM'GT
MULTI-PURPOSE INDUSTRIAL OIL
ISO GRADE
TYPICAL ASTM
100 150 220 320 I 460 680
PROPERTIES* METHOD
Viscosity D-445
J _L
cSt @ 40°C 10 22 32 46 I 68 100 150 220 320 I 460 680
cSt@100°C <2.0 4.5 6.0 I-77 10.1 ~ 1sT 17.3 22.4 28.8 ] 36.5 47.9
Viscosity Index D-2270 106 120 135 136 I 133 129 126 124 122 I 120 121
Flash Point, °F D-92 355 350 455 455 485 475 465 445 445_ [ 455 455
Pour Point, °F D-6892 -60 -71 -38 -38 i -38 -44 -44 -44 -40 -44 -38
~~J~ I
Copper Corrosion Test D-130 i
_3JHrs_@_1[OOOC^ 1A 1A 1A 1A I 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A | 1A 1A
24Hrs@100°C 1A 1A 1A _1A__|_JA_ 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A 1A
Rust Test D-665
Fresh Water PASS PASS PASS ^ssj^ss^ PASS PASS PASS PASSjPASS^ PASS
Salt Water PASS PASS PASS PASS | PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS | PASS PASS
Foam Test, Seq I! D-892
IZT ZZI :rz:
lnitiaI/FinaJ/Time(sec) 28/0/6 10/0/2 8/0/2 6/0/1 I 10/0/5 10/0/5 12/0/7 8/0/4 6/0/3 I 4/0/1 0/0/0
Demuisibility Test
Mins@130T
D-1401
10 10 5
~.~LZ
5 j 5
"T
j ztr
Mins@180°F IL- .-._JL
10 10 15_J_10__ 10
Cincinnati Millicron "A" D-2070
Corrosion / Oxidation PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS [^
PASS
ISO Cleanliness Level ISO 4406 ** **
14/13/11 14/13/11 | 14/13/11 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
DryAirOxidation
312Hrs@100°C,
D-2893
jl .::x:
o|
~~0
% Viscosity Increase 0 _° 0_ 0 0 [ 0 0 0 0 0
Ol~1~
Precip. No. (% Solids) 0 0 0 0 o I o 0 0 0 0 0
Density, Ibs/g D-4052 6.90 I 6.99 7.04 7.08 I 7.12 7.19 7.24 7.27 J^32j_7
'^35_\_ 7.38
*Properties are typical and may vary
Note: Synfilm GT's solvency cleans wear metals and deposits left
behind by previous oils. These wear metals and deposits can become
soluble in the new oil, causing abnormally high values on used oil
analysis until equipment is dean.
Royal Purple LLC / One Royal Purple Lane / Porter. TX 77365 / 281.354.8600 / royalpurpleindustrial.com
REVISED 01 12712014
THE PERFORMANCE OIL THAT OUTPERFORMS'
PUMP LUBRICANT
SAFETY DATA SHEET
SYNFILM 150 GEORGIA IRON WORKS
Section 1. Identification
GHS product identifier : SYNFILM 150 GEORGIA IRON WORKS
Product code : SF150
Other means of : Not available.
identification
Product type : Liquid.
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Identified uses
Not available.
Uses advised against Reason

Not available.
Supplier's details : Royal Purple, LLC.

1 Royal Purple Lane
Porter, Texas 77365 USA
Phone:281-354-8600 Emergency Phone:281-354-8600
24hr. CHEMTREC : 24 hr. CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 / International 1-703-527-3887

1-800-424-9300 /
International 1-703-527-3887
Section 2. Hazards identification

OSHA/HCS status : While this material is not considered hazardous by the OSHA Hazard Communication
Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200), this SDS contains valuable information critical to the safe
handling and proper use of the product. This SDS should be retained and available for
employees and other users of this product.
Classification of the : Not classified.
substance or mixture
Percentage of the mixture consisting of ingredient(s) of unknown hazards to the aquatic
environment: 7.7%
GHS label elements

Signal word : No signal word.
Hazard statements : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Precautionary statements
Prevention : Not applicable.
Response : Not applicable.
Storage : Not applicable.
Disposal : Not applicable.
Hazards not otherwise : None known.
classified
Date of issue/Date of revision : 11/16/2015 Version :3 1/9

Section 3. Composition/information on ingredients

Substance/mixture : Mixture
identification
CAS number/other identifiers

CAS number : Not applicable.
Ingredient name % CAS number
Butene, homopolymer (products derived from either/or But-1-ene/But-2-ene) ≥10 - <25 9003-29-6
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C9-11-branched alkyl esters, C10-rich ≥1 - <3 68515-49-1
Any concentration shown as a range is to protect confidentiality or is due to batch variation.
There are no additional ingredients present which, within the current knowledge of the supplier and in the
concentrations applicable, are classified as hazardous to health or the environment and hence require reporting in
this section.
Occupational exposure limits, if available, are listed in Section 8.
Section 4. First aid measures

Description of necessary first aid measures
Eye contact : Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower
eyelids. Check for and remove any contact lenses. Get medical attention if irritation
occurs.
Inhalation : Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Get
medical attention if symptoms occur. In case of inhalation of decomposition products in a
fire, symptoms may be delayed. The exposed person may need to be kept under
medical surveillance for 48 hours.
Skin contact : Flush contaminated skin with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Get medical attention if symptoms occur.
Ingestion : Wash out mouth with water. Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position
comfortable for breathing. If material has been swallowed and the exposed person is
conscious, give small quantities of water to drink. Do not induce vomiting unless directed
to do so by medical personnel. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.
Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

Potential acute health effects
Eye contact : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Inhalation : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Skin contact : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Ingestion : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Over-exposure signs/symptoms
Eye contact : No specific data.
Inhalation : No specific data.
Skin contact : No specific data.
Ingestion : No specific data.
Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

Notes to physician : In case of inhalation of decomposition products in a fire, symptoms may be delayed. The
exposed person may need to be kept under medical surveillance for 48 hours.
Specific treatments : No specific treatment.
Protection of first-aiders : No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training.
See toxicological information (Section 11)

Section 5. Fire-fighting measures

Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing : Use an extinguishing agent suitable for the surrounding fire.
media
Unsuitable extinguishing : Do not use water jet.
media
Specific hazards arising : In a fire or if heated, a pressure increase will occur and the container may burst.
from the chemical
Hazardous thermal : Decomposition products may include the following materials:
decomposition products carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
nitrogen oxides
sulfur oxides
Special protective actions : Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the incident if
for fire-fighters there is a fire. No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable
training.
Special protective : Fire-fighters should wear appropriate protective equipment and self-contained breathing
equipment for fire-fighters apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece operated in positive pressure mode.
Section 6. Accidental release measures

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
For non-emergency : No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. Evacuate
personnel surrounding areas. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from entering. Do not
touch or walk through spilled material. Put on appropriate personal protective equipment.
For emergency responders : If specialised clothing is required to deal with the spillage, take note of any information in
Section 8 on suitable and unsuitable materials. See also the information in "For non-
emergency personnel".
Environmental precautions : Avoid dispersal of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and
sewers. Inform the relevant authorities if the product has caused environmental pollution
(sewers, waterways, soil or air).
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Small spill : Stop leak if without risk. Move containers from spill area. Dilute with water and mop up if
water-soluble. Alternatively, or if water-insoluble, absorb with an inert dry material and
place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Dispose of via a licensed waste
disposal contractor.
Large spill : Stop leak if without risk. Move containers from spill area. Prevent entry into sewers,
water courses, basements or confined areas. Wash spillages into an effluent treatment
plant or proceed as follows. Contain and collect spillage with non-combustible,
absorbent material e.g. sand, earth, vermiculite or diatomaceous earth and place in
container for disposal according to local regulations (see Section 13). Dispose of via a
licensed waste disposal contractor. Note: see Section 1 for emergency contact
information and Section 13 for waste disposal.
Section 7. Handling and storage

Precautions for safe handling
Protective measures : Put on appropriate personal protective equipment (see Section 8).
Advice on general : Eating, drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where this material is handled,
occupational hygiene stored and processed. Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and
smoking. Remove contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering
eating areas. See also Section 8 for additional information on hygiene measures.


Conditions for safe storage, : Store in accordance with local regulations. Store in original container protected from
including any direct sunlight in a dry, cool and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials
incompatibilities (see Section 10) and food and drink. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until
ready for use. Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept
upright to prevent leakage. Do not store in unlabeled containers. Use appropriate
containment to avoid environmental contamination.
Section 8. Exposure controls/personal protection

Control parameters
Occupational exposure limits
None.
Appropriate engineering : Good general ventilation should be sufficient to control worker exposure to airborne
controls contaminants.
Environmental exposure : Emissions from ventilation or work process equipment should be checked to ensure they
controls comply with the requirements of environmental protection legislation. In some cases,
fume scrubbers, filters or engineering modifications to the process equipment will be
necessary to reduce emissions to acceptable levels.
Individual protection measures

Hygiene measures : Wash hands, forearms and face thoroughly after handling chemical products, before
eating, smoking and using the lavatory and at the end of the working period. Appropriate
techniques should be used to remove potentially contaminated clothing. Wash
contaminated clothing before reusing. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers
are close to the workstation location.
Eye/face protection : Safety eyewear complying with an approved standard should be used when a risk
assessment indicates this is necessary to avoid exposure to liquid splashes, mists, gases
or dusts. If contact is possible, the following protection should be worn, unless the
assessment indicates a higher degree of protection: safety glasses with side-shields.
Skin protection
Hand protection : Chemical-resistant, impervious gloves complying with an approved standard should be
worn at all times when handling chemical products if a risk assessment indicates this is
necessary.
Body protection : Personal protective equipment for the body should be selected based on the task being
performed and the risks involved and should be approved by a specialist before handling
this product.
Other skin protection : Appropriate footwear and any additional skin protection measures should be selected
based on the task being performed and the risks involved and should be approved by a
specialist before handling this product.
Respiratory protection : Use a properly fitted, air-purifying or air-fed respirator complying with an approved
standard if a risk assessment indicates this is necessary. Respirator selection must be
based on known or anticipated exposure levels, the hazards of the product and the safe
working limits of the selected respirator.
Section 9. Physical and chemical properties

Appearance
Physical state : Liquid.
Color : Not available.
Odor : Not available.
Odor threshold : Not available.
pH : Not available.
Melting point : Not available.
Boiling point : Not available.
Flash point : Closed cup: 260°C (500°F)
Evaporation rate : Not available.

Flammability (solid, gas) : Not available.
Lower and upper explosive : Not available.
(flammable) limits
Vapor pressure : Not available.
Vapor density : Not available.
Relative density : Not available.
Solubility : Not available.
Partition coefficient: n- : Not available.
octanol/water
Auto-ignition temperature : Not available.
Decomposition temperature : Not available.
Viscosity : Kinematic (40°C (104°F)): 1.5 cm 2/s (150 cSt)
Section 10. Stability and reactivity

Reactivity : No specific test data related to reactivity available for this product or its ingredients.
Chemical stability : The product is stable.
Possibility of hazardous : Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous reactions will not occur.
reactions
Conditions to avoid : No specific data.
Incompatible materials : No specific data.
Hazardous decomposition : Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous decomposition products should
products not be produced.
Section 11. Toxicological information

Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
Product/ingredient name Result Species Dose Exposure
Butene, homopolymer LD50 Dermal Rabbit >10250 mg/kg -
(products derived from either/
or But-1-ene/But-2-ene)
LD50 Oral Rat >34600 mg/kg -
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, LD50 Dermal Rabbit 16000 mg/kg -
di-C9-11-branched alkyl
esters, C10-rich
Irritation/Corrosion
Product/ingredient name Result Species Score Exposure Observation
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, Eyes - Mild irritant Rabbit - 0.1 Mililiters -
esters, C10-rich
Sensitization
Not available.
Mutagenicity
Not available.
Carcinogenicity
Not available.

Reproductive toxicity
Not available.
Teratogenicity
Not available.
Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure)

Not available.
Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure)

Not available.
Aspiration hazard
Not available.
Information on the likely : Not available.

routes of exposure
Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics

Delayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short and long term exposure
Short term exposure
Potential immediate : Not available.
effects
Potential delayed effects : Not available.
Long term exposure
effects
Potential chronic health effects
Not available.
General : No known significant effects or critical hazards.

Carcinogenicity : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Mutagenicity : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Teratogenicity : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Developmental effects : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Fertility effects : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Numerical measures of toxicity

Acute toxicity estimates
Not available.

Section 12. Ecological information

Toxicity
Not available.
Persistence and degradability

Product/ingredient name Aquatic half-life Photolysis Biodegradability
Butene, homopolymer - - Readily
Bioaccumulative potential
Product/ingredient name LogPow BCF Potential
Butene, homopolymer 7.6 to 7.8 314 to 1882 high
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 8.8 0.1 low
esters, C10-rich
Mobility in soil
Soil/water partition : Not available.
coefficient (KOC)
Other adverse effects : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Section 13. Disposal considerations

Disposal methods : The generation of waste should be avoided or minimized wherever possible. Disposal of
this product, solutions and any by-products should at all times comply with the
requirements of environmental protection and waste disposal legislation and any regional
local authority requirements. Dispose of surplus and non-recyclable products via a
licensed waste disposal contractor. Waste should not be disposed of untreated to the
sewer unless fully compliant with the requirements of all authorities with jurisdiction.
Waste packaging should be recycled. Incineration or landfill should only be considered
when recycling is not feasible. This material and its container must be disposed of in a
safe way. Empty containers or liners may retain some product residues. Avoid dispersal
of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers.
Section 14. Transport information

DOT Classification TDG Classification IMDG IATA
UN number Not regulated. Not regulated. Not regulated. Not regulated.
Special precautions for user : Transport within user’s premises: always transport in closed containers that are
upright and secure. Ensure that persons transporting the product know what to do in the
event of an accident or spillage.
Transport in bulk according : Not available.

to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78
and the IBC Code

Section 15. Regulatory information

U.S. Federal regulations : TSCA 8(a) CDR Exempt/Partial exemption: Not determined
All components are listed or exempted.
Clean Air Act Section 112 : Not listed

(b) Hazardous Air
Pollutants (HAPs)
Class I Substances
Class II Substances
DEA List I Chemicals : Not listed
(Precursor Chemicals)
DEA List II Chemicals : Not listed
(Essential Chemicals)
SARA 302/304
Composition/information on ingredients
No products were found.
SARA 304 RQ : Not applicable.

SARA 311/312
Classification : Not applicable.
Name % Fire Sudden Reactive Immediate Delayed
hazard release of (acute) (chronic)
pressure health health
hazard hazard
Butene, homopolymer (products ≥10 - <25 No. No. No. Yes. No.
derived from either/or But-1-ene/
But-2-ene)
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di- ≥1 - <3 No. No. No. Yes. No.
C9-11-branched alkyl esters,
C10-rich
State regulations
Massachusetts : None of the components are listed.
New York : None of the components are listed.
New Jersey : The following components are listed: MINERAL OIL (UNTREATED and MILDLY
TREATED)
Pennsylvania : None of the components are listed.
California Prop. 65
WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive
harm.
Ingredient name Cancer Reproductive No significant risk Maximum
level acceptable dosage
level
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di- No. Yes. No. Yes.
C9-11-branched alkyl esters, C10-rich
International lists
National inventory
Australia : All components are listed or exempted.
Canada : At least one component is not listed in DSL but all such components are listed in NDSL.
China : All components are listed or exempted.


Europe : At least one component is not listed in EINECS but all such components are listed in
ELINCS.
Please contact your supplier for information on the inventory status of this material.
Japan : At least one component is not listed.
Malaysia : Not determined.
New Zealand : All components are listed or exempted.
Philippines : All components are listed or exempted.
Republic of Korea : Not determined.
Taiwan : Not determined.
Section 16. Other information

Procedure used to derive the classification
Classification Justification
Not classified.
History
Date of issue/Date of : 11/16/2015
revision
Version : 3
Key to abbreviations : ATE = Acute Toxicity Estimate
BCF = Bioconcentration Factor
GHS = Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
IATA = International Air Transport Association
IBC = Intermediate Bulk Container
IMDG = International Maritime Dangerous Goods
LogPow = logarithm of the octanol/water partition coefficient
MARPOL 73/78 = International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships,
1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978. ("Marpol" = marine pollution)
UN = United Nations
Indicates information that has changed from previously issued version.
Notice to reader
To the best of our knowledge, the information contained herein is accurate. However, neither the above-named
supplier, nor any of its subsidiaries, assumes any liability whatsoever for the accuracy or completeness of the
information contained herein.
Final determination of suitability of any material is the sole responsibility of the user. All materials may present
unknown hazards and should be used with caution. Although certain hazards are described herein, we cannot
guarantee that these are the only hazards that exist.

Royal Purple, Inc.
Material Safety Data Sheet
Date Issued/Revised: N o v e m b e r 2 1 , 2 0 1 4
I. Product Name: Synfilm® 150 GIW VP
Chemical Family: S y n t h e t i c b a s e d l u b r i c a t i n g o i l
Use: L u b r i c a n t a n d c o r r o s i o n i n h i b i t o r
Manufacturer: R o y a l P u r p l e , L L C
Address: 1 R o y a l P u r p l e L a n e , P o r t e r , T e x a s 7 7 3 6 5 U S A
Phone: 2 8 1 - 3 5 4 - 8 6 0 0 Emergency Phone: 2 8 1 - 3 5 4 - 8 6 0 0 Fax: 2 8 1 - 3 5 4 - 7 6 0 0
24 Hour Emergency Numbers USA:800-424-9300 International: 703-527-3887 (collect calls accepted)
II. Components:
• Base Oil (synthetic) — Synthetic additives with iso-paraffinic diluents.
• The precise composition of this oil is proprietary. A more complete disclosure will be provided to a physician or
nurse in the event of a medical emergency.
• All components of this product are listed on the U.S. TSCA inventory.
• This product contains no hazardous substances within the definition of OSHA Regulation 29 CFR 1910.1200.
• Royal Purple certifies that this product has been evaluated for RCRA characteristics and does not meet the criteria of
a hazardous waste if discarded in its purchased form.
III. Main Hazards / Health Effects:

Eyes: M a y c a u s e i r r i t a t i o n .
Inhalation: O i l m i s t m a y l i n e b r e a t h i n g p a s s a g e s w i t h o i l m a k i n g b r e a t h i n g d i f f i c u l t .
Ingestion: M a y c a u s e d i a r r h e a .
Skin: M a y i r r i t a t e t h e s k i n a f t e r p r o l o n g e d p e r i o d s o f c o n t a c t .
IV. First Aid:

Eyes: F l u s h w i t h w a t e r u n t i l a l l r e s i d u a l m a t e r i a l i s g o n e . I f i r r i t a t i o n p e r s i s t s , s e e k m e d i c a l h e l p .
Inhalation: C l e a r a i r p a s s a g e . I f r e s p i r a t o r y d i f f i c u l t y c o n t i n u e s , s e e k m e d i c a l h e l p .
Ingestion: W a s h o u t m o u t h i m m e d i a t e l y . D o n o t i n d u c e v o m i t i n g . C o n s u l t p h y s i c i a n .
Skin: W a s h t h o r o u g h l y w i t h h a n d c l e a n s e r , f o l l o w e d b y s o a p a n d w a t e r . C o n t a m i n a t e d c l o t h i n g s h o u l d b e d r y c l e a n e d
before reuse.
V. Extinguishing Media:
Suitable: F o a m , d r y p o w d e r , H a l o n® , c a r b o n d i o x i d e , s a n d , e a r t h a n d w a t e r m i s t .
Unsuitable: W a t e r j e t .
Protective Equipment for Fire Fighting: S e l f - c o n t a i n e d b r e a t h i n g a p p a r a t u s .
VI. Accidental Release Measures:

Personal Precautions: W e a r g l o v e s a n d p r o t e c t i v e o v e r a l l s .
Environmental Precautions: D o n o t a l l o w i t t o e n t e r d r a i n s .
Spillage: C o n t a i n s p i l l a n d k e e p f r o m e n t e r i n g w a t e r w a y s . A b s o r b o n p o r o u s m a t e r i a l . L a r g e q u a n t i t i e s c a n b e p u m p e d .
VII. Handling and Storage:

Handling: N o s p e c i a l h a n d l i n g p r e c a u t i o n s n e c e s s a r y .
Storage: D o n o t s t o r e a t e l e v a t e d t e m p e r a t u r e s .
VIII. Exposure Control / Personal Protection:

Respiratory Protection: H y d r o c a r b o n a b s o r b i n g r e s p i r a t o r i f m i s t i n g .
Hand Protection: O i l - p r o o f g l o v e s f o r h y p e r s e n s i t i v e p e r s o n s .
Eye Protection: G l a s s e s , i f a p p l i e d t o p a r t s i n m o t i o n .
Body Protection: O v e r a l l s .
IX. Physical and Chemical Properties: Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate): Negligible
Physical State: Liquid Vapor Pressure (kPa): <0.1
Color: Light Yellow Percent Volatiles: None
Odor: Lube Oil D e n s i t y ( g / c m3 ) : > 0 . 8 8
pH: Neutral Flammability: Not flammable at ambient temp.
Boiling Range / Point ûF (ûC): >550 (>228) OAR Value: UN
Pour Point ûF (ûC): -33 (-36) Oxidizing Properties: None
Flash Point (COC) ûF (ûC): 365 (185) Water Solubility: Insoluble
Autoignition Temperature ûF (ûC): >500 (>260) Vapor Density: Greater than air
Product Name: Synfilm® 150 GIW VP
X. Stability and Reactivity:

Stability: C h e m i c a l l y s t a b l e u n d e r n o r m a l c o n d i t i o n s . N o p h o t o r e a c t i v e a g e n t s .
Conditions to Avoid: P o w e r f u l s o u r c e s o f i g n i t i o n a n d e x t r e m e t e m p e r a t u r e s .
Materials to Avoid: S t r o n g i n o r g a n i c a n d o r g a n i c a c i d s , o x i d i z i n g a g e n t s .
Hazardous Decomposition Products: B u r n i n g g e n e r a t e s s m o k e , a i r b o r n e s o o t , h y d r o c a r b o n s a n d o x i d e s o f c a r b o n , s u l f u r
and nitrogen. Residue mainly comprised of soot and mineral oxides.
XI. Toxicological Information: California Prop 65: N / A

Acute Toxicity: N o t k n o w n Carcinogen: NTP: N o
Irritancy-Skin: V e r y m i l d IARC: N o
Skin Sensitization: N o t k n o w n OSHA: N o
Subacute / Sub-chronic Toxicity: N o t k n o w n EC Classification (67 / 548 / EEC): N o
Genotoxicity: N o n e k n o w n LD-50: > 2 0 0 0 m g / k g - e x t r a p o l a t e d f r o m c o m p o n e n t d a t a
Chronic Toxicity: N o n e k n o w n LC-50: N o t a p p l i c a b l e
XII. Ecological Information:

Possible Effects: W h e n r e l e a s e d i n t o t h e e n v i r o n m e n t , a d s o r p t i o n t o s e d i m e n t a n d s o i l w i l l b e t h e p r e d o m i n a n t
behavior.
Behavior: R e l a t i v e l y w e l l b e h a v e d . B i o a c c u m u l a t i o n p o t e n t i a l n i l .
Environmental Fate: D u e t o i t s f l u i d n a t u r e a n d s p e c i f i c g r a v i t y , t h i s p r o d u c t w i l l f l o a t o r s p r e a d a c r o s s w a t e r m a k i n g i t
a nuisance contaminant. It is not thought to be toxic to marine or land organisms.
XIII. Waste and Container Disposal:

Waste Disposal: C o n s i d e r r e c y c l i n g . T h i s p r o d u c t , a s s o l d , d o e s n o t m e e t t h e R C R A c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f a h a z a r d o u s
waste. Under RCRA, it is the responsibility of the user, at the time of disposal, to determine whether the product meets
the RCRA criteria for hazardous waste. Contact a waste disposal company or local authority for advice.
Container Disposal: S e e w a s t e d i s p o s a l s e c t i o n l i s t e d a b o v e .
XIV. Transport Information: Air Transport (ICAO, IATA): B u l k N o n h a z a r d o u s

DOT: N o n h a z a r d o u s Sea Transport (IMO, IMDG): B u l k N o n h a z a r d o u s
UN No.: N / A Road and Rail Transport (ADR / RID): B u l k N o n h a z a r d o u s
DOT: N o n h a z a r d o u s
XV. Regulatory Information: CERCLA: N o n h a z a r d o u s

Labeling Information: N o n e n e e d e d TSCA: A l l c o m p o n e n t s a r e l i s t e d
EC Annex 1 Class.: N / A WHMIS (Canada): N o t r e g u l a t e d
R Phrases: N / A Canadian DSL: A l l c o m p o n e n t s a r e l i s t e d
SARA 311 / 312: N o n e 40 CFR Part 372 (SARA Section 313): N / A
S Phrases: S - 3 k e e p c o o l , S - 1 6 k e e p a w a y f r o m i g n i t i o n RCRA Hazard Class: N o n h a z a r d o u s
sources TSCA 12B Components: N o n e
Ozone Depleting Chemicals: N / A
XVI. Other Information:
LEGEND
I. Identification of the Substance / Preparation and Company
II. Composition Information on Ingredients
NFPA SYMBOL
III. Hazards Identification FIRE
IV. First Aid Measures
1
V. Fire Fighting Measures
TOXICITY 0 0 REACTIVITY
VI. Accidental Release Measures
VII. Handling and Storage
Signature: VIII. Exposure Control / Personal Protection PERSONAL PROTECTION
INDEX
IX. Physical and Chemical Properties
Prepared By: W . J . C a r t e r , P h . D .
X. Stability and Reactivity
Date Issued/Revised: N o v e m b e r 1 4 , 2 0 1 4 XI. Toxicological Information HMIS SYMBOL
XII. Ecological Information HEALTH 0
A s o f i s s u e d a t e , t h e i n f o r m a t i o n c o n t a i n e d h e r e i n i s a c c u r a t e a n d r e l i-
XIII. Waste Disposal
able to the best of Royal Purple’s knowledge. Royal Purple does not
FLAMMABILITY 1
warrant or guarantee its accuracy or reliability and shall not be liable XIV. Transport Information
for any loss or damage arising out of the use thereof. It is the user’s XV. Regulatory Information REACTIVITY 0
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o s a t i s f y i t s e l f t h a t t h e i n f o r m a t i o n o f f e r e d f o r i t s c o n-
XVI. Other Information PPI B
sideration is suitable for its particular use.
BEARING LUBRICANT
SAFETY DATA SHEET
SYNFILM GT 100 LIGHT GEORGIA IRON WORKS
Section 1. Identification
GHS product identifier : SYNFILM GT 100 LIGHT GEORGIA IRON WORKS
Product code : SFGT100
identification
Product type : Liquid.
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Identified uses
Not available.
Uses advised against Reason

Not available.
Supplier's details : Royal Purple, LLC.

1 Royal Purple Lane
Porter, Texas 77365 USA
Phone:281-354-8600 Emergency Phone:281-354-8600
24hr. CHEMTREC : 24 hr. CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300 / International 1-703-527-3887

1-800-424-9300 /
International 1-703-527-3887
Section 2. Hazards identification

OSHA/HCS status : While this material is not considered hazardous by the OSHA Hazard Communication
Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200), this SDS contains valuable information critical to the safe
handling and proper use of the product. This SDS should be retained and available for
employees and other users of this product.
Classification of the : Not classified.
substance or mixture
Percentage of the mixture consisting of ingredient(s) of unknown hazards to the aquatic
environment: 9.9%
GHS label elements

Signal word : No signal word.
Hazard statements : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Precautionary statements
Prevention : Not applicable.
Response : Not applicable.
Storage : Not applicable.
Disposal : Not applicable.
Hazards not otherwise : None known.
classified

Section 3. Composition/information on ingredients

Substance/mixture : Mixture
identification
CAS number/other identifiers

CAS number : Not applicable.
Ingredient name % CAS number
Butene, homopolymer (products derived from either/or But-1-ene/But-2-ene) ≥10 - <25 9003-29-6
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C9-11-branched alkyl esters, C10-rich ≥3 - <5 68515-49-1
Any concentration shown as a range is to protect confidentiality or is due to batch variation.
There are no additional ingredients present which, within the current knowledge of the supplier and in the
concentrations applicable, are classified as hazardous to health or the environment and hence require reporting in
this section.
Occupational exposure limits, if available, are listed in Section 8.
Section 4. First aid measures

Description of necessary first aid measures
Eye contact : Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water, occasionally lifting the upper and lower
eyelids. Check for and remove any contact lenses. Get medical attention if irritation
occurs.
Inhalation : Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Get
medical attention if symptoms occur. In case of inhalation of decomposition products in a
fire, symptoms may be delayed. The exposed person may need to be kept under
medical surveillance for 48 hours.
Skin contact : Flush contaminated skin with plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Get medical attention if symptoms occur.
Ingestion : Wash out mouth with water. Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position
comfortable for breathing. If material has been swallowed and the exposed person is
conscious, give small quantities of water to drink. Do not induce vomiting unless directed
to do so by medical personnel. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.
Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

Over-exposure signs/symptoms
Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

Notes to physician : In case of inhalation of decomposition products in a fire, symptoms may be delayed. The
exposed person may need to be kept under medical surveillance for 48 hours.
Specific treatments : No specific treatment.
Protection of first-aiders : No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training.
See toxicological information (Section 11)

Section 5. Fire-fighting measures

Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing : Use an extinguishing agent suitable for the surrounding fire.
media
Unsuitable extinguishing : Do not use water jet.
media
Specific hazards arising : In a fire or if heated, a pressure increase will occur and the container may burst.
from the chemical
Hazardous thermal : Decomposition products may include the following materials:
decomposition products carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
nitrogen oxides
sulfur oxides
Special protective actions : Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the incident if
for fire-fighters there is a fire. No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable
training.
Special protective : Fire-fighters should wear appropriate protective equipment and self-contained breathing
equipment for fire-fighters apparatus (SCBA) with a full face-piece operated in positive pressure mode.
Section 6. Accidental release measures

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
For non-emergency : No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. Evacuate
personnel surrounding areas. Keep unnecessary and unprotected personnel from entering. Do not
touch or walk through spilled material. Put on appropriate personal protective equipment.
For emergency responders : If specialised clothing is required to deal with the spillage, take note of any information in
Section 8 on suitable and unsuitable materials. See also the information in "For non-
emergency personnel".
Environmental precautions : Avoid dispersal of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and
sewers. Inform the relevant authorities if the product has caused environmental pollution
(sewers, waterways, soil or air).
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Small spill : Stop leak if without risk. Move containers from spill area. Dilute with water and mop up if
water-soluble. Alternatively, or if water-insoluble, absorb with an inert dry material and
place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Dispose of via a licensed waste
disposal contractor.
Large spill : Stop leak if without risk. Move containers from spill area. Prevent entry into sewers,
water courses, basements or confined areas. Wash spillages into an effluent treatment
plant or proceed as follows. Contain and collect spillage with non-combustible,
absorbent material e.g. sand, earth, vermiculite or diatomaceous earth and place in
container for disposal according to local regulations (see Section 13). Dispose of via a
licensed waste disposal contractor. Note: see Section 1 for emergency contact
information and Section 13 for waste disposal.

Precautions for safe handling
Protective measures : Put on appropriate personal protective equipment (see Section 8).
Advice on general : Eating, drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where this material is handled,
occupational hygiene stored and processed. Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and
smoking. Remove contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering
eating areas. See also Section 8 for additional information on hygiene measures.


Conditions for safe storage, : Store in accordance with local regulations. Store in original container protected from
including any direct sunlight in a dry, cool and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials
incompatibilities (see Section 10) and food and drink. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until
ready for use. Containers that have been opened must be carefully resealed and kept
upright to prevent leakage. Do not store in unlabeled containers. Use appropriate
containment to avoid environmental contamination.
Section 8. Exposure controls/personal protection

Control parameters
Occupational exposure limits
None.
Appropriate engineering : Good general ventilation should be sufficient to control worker exposure to airborne
controls contaminants.
Environmental exposure : Emissions from ventilation or work process equipment should be checked to ensure they
controls comply with the requirements of environmental protection legislation. In some cases,
fume scrubbers, filters or engineering modifications to the process equipment will be
necessary to reduce emissions to acceptable levels.
Individual protection measures

Hygiene measures : Wash hands, forearms and face thoroughly after handling chemical products, before
eating, smoking and using the lavatory and at the end of the working period. Appropriate
techniques should be used to remove potentially contaminated clothing. Wash
contaminated clothing before reusing. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers
are close to the workstation location.
Eye/face protection : Safety eyewear complying with an approved standard should be used when a risk
assessment indicates this is necessary to avoid exposure to liquid splashes, mists, gases
or dusts. If contact is possible, the following protection should be worn, unless the
assessment indicates a higher degree of protection: safety glasses with side-shields.
Skin protection
Hand protection : Chemical-resistant, impervious gloves complying with an approved standard should be
worn at all times when handling chemical products if a risk assessment indicates this is
necessary.
Body protection : Personal protective equipment for the body should be selected based on the task being
performed and the risks involved and should be approved by a specialist before handling
this product.
Other skin protection : Appropriate footwear and any additional skin protection measures should be selected
based on the task being performed and the risks involved and should be approved by a
specialist before handling this product.
Respiratory protection : Use a properly fitted, air-purifying or air-fed respirator complying with an approved
standard if a risk assessment indicates this is necessary. Respirator selection must be
based on known or anticipated exposure levels, the hazards of the product and the safe
working limits of the selected respirator.

Appearance
Physical state : Liquid.
Color : Not available.
Odor : Not available.
Odor threshold : Not available.
pH : Not available.
Melting point : Not available.
Boiling point : Not available.
Flash point : Closed cup: 227°C (440.6°F)
Evaporation rate : Not available.

Flammability (solid, gas) : Not available.
Lower and upper explosive : Not available.
(flammable) limits
Vapor pressure : Not available.
Vapor density : Not available.
Relative density : Not available.
Solubility : Not available.
Partition coefficient: n- : Not available.
octanol/water
Auto-ignition temperature : Not available.
Decomposition temperature : Not available.
Viscosity : Kinematic (40°C (104°F)): 1 cm 2/s (100 cSt)
Section 10. Stability and reactivity

Reactivity : No specific test data related to reactivity available for this product or its ingredients.
Chemical stability : The product is stable.
Possibility of hazardous : Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous reactions will not occur.
reactions
Conditions to avoid : No specific data.
Incompatible materials : No specific data.
Hazardous decomposition : Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous decomposition products should
products not be produced.

Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
Product/ingredient name Result Species Dose Exposure
Butene, homopolymer LD50 Dermal Rabbit >10250 mg/kg -
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, LD50 Dermal Rabbit 16000 mg/kg -
esters, C10-rich
Irritation/Corrosion
Product/ingredient name Result Species Score Exposure Observation
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, Eyes - Mild irritant Rabbit - 0.1 Mililiters -
esters, C10-rich
Sensitization
Not available.
Mutagenicity
Not available.
Carcinogenicity
Not available.

Reproductive toxicity
Not available.
Teratogenicity
Not available.
Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure)

Not available.
Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure)

Not available.
Aspiration hazard
Not available.
Information on the likely : Not available.

routes of exposure
Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics

Delayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short and long term exposure
Short term exposure
effects
Long term exposure
effects
Potential chronic health effects
Not available.
General : No known significant effects or critical hazards.

Carcinogenicity : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Mutagenicity : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Teratogenicity : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Developmental effects : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Fertility effects : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Numerical measures of toxicity

Acute toxicity estimates
Not available.

Section 12. Ecological information

Toxicity
Not available.
Persistence and degradability

Product/ingredient name Aquatic half-life Photolysis Biodegradability
Butene, homopolymer - - Readily
Bioaccumulative potential
Product/ingredient name LogPow BCF Potential
Butene, homopolymer 7.6 to 7.8 314 to 1882 high
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 8.8 0.1 low
esters, C10-rich
Mobility in soil
Soil/water partition : Not available.
coefficient (KOC)
Other adverse effects : No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Section 13. Disposal considerations

Disposal methods : The generation of waste should be avoided or minimized wherever possible. Disposal of
this product, solutions and any by-products should at all times comply with the
requirements of environmental protection and waste disposal legislation and any regional
local authority requirements. Dispose of surplus and non-recyclable products via a
licensed waste disposal contractor. Waste should not be disposed of untreated to the
sewer unless fully compliant with the requirements of all authorities with jurisdiction.
Waste packaging should be recycled. Incineration or landfill should only be considered
when recycling is not feasible. This material and its container must be disposed of in a
safe way. Empty containers or liners may retain some product residues. Avoid dispersal
of spilled material and runoff and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers.
Section 14. Transport information

DOT Classification TDG Classification IMDG IATA
UN number Not regulated. Not regulated. Not regulated. Not regulated.
Special precautions for user : Transport within user’s premises: always transport in closed containers that are
upright and secure. Ensure that persons transporting the product know what to do in the
event of an accident or spillage.
Transport in bulk according : Not available.

to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78
and the IBC Code


U.S. Federal regulations : TSCA 8(a) CDR Exempt/Partial exemption: Not determined
All components are listed or exempted.

(b) Hazardous Air
Pollutants (HAPs)
Class I Substances
Class II Substances
DEA List I Chemicals : Not listed
(Precursor Chemicals)
DEA List II Chemicals : Not listed
(Essential Chemicals)
SARA 302/304
No products were found.
SARA 304 RQ : Not applicable.

SARA 311/312
Classification : Not applicable.
Name % Fire Sudden Reactive Immediate Delayed
hazard release of (acute) (chronic)
pressure health health
hazard hazard
Butene, homopolymer (products ≥10 - <25 No. No. No. Yes. No.
derived from either/or But-1-ene/
But-2-ene)
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di- ≥3 - <5 No. No. No. Yes. No.
C9-11-branched alkyl esters,
C10-rich
State regulations
Massachusetts : None of the components are listed.
New York : None of the components are listed.
New Jersey : None of the components are listed.
Pennsylvania : None of the components are listed.
California Prop. 65
WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive
harm.
Ingredient name Cancer Reproductive No significant risk Maximum
level acceptable dosage
level
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di- No. Yes. No. Yes.
C9-11-branched alkyl esters, C10-rich
International lists
National inventory
Australia : All components are listed or exempted.
Canada : At least one component is not listed in DSL but all such components are listed in NDSL.
China : All components are listed or exempted.


Europe : At least one component is not listed in EINECS but all such components are listed in
ELINCS.
Please contact your supplier for information on the inventory status of this material.
Japan : At least one component is not listed.
Malaysia : Not determined.
New Zealand : All components are listed or exempted.
Philippines : All components are listed or exempted.
Republic of Korea : Not determined.
Taiwan : All components are listed or exempted.
Section 16. Other information

Procedure used to derive the classification
Classification Justification
Not classified.
History
Date of issue/Date of : 11/25/2015
revision
Version : 3
Key to abbreviations : ATE = Acute Toxicity Estimate
BCF = Bioconcentration Factor
GHS = Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
IATA = International Air Transport Association
IBC = Intermediate Bulk Container
IMDG = International Maritime Dangerous Goods
LogPow = logarithm of the octanol/water partition coefficient
MARPOL 73/78 = International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships,
1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978. ("Marpol" = marine pollution)
UN = United Nations
Indicates information that has changed from previously issued version.
Notice to reader
To the best of our knowledge, the information contained herein is accurate. However, neither the above-named
supplier, nor any of its subsidiaries, assumes any liability whatsoever for the accuracy or completeness of the
information contained herein.
Final determination of suitability of any material is the sole responsibility of the user. All materials may present
unknown hazards and should be used with caution. Although certain hazards are described herein, we cannot
guarantee that these are the only hazards that exist.

Rust Bullet® BlackShell®
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
Prepared to U.S. OSHA, CMA, ANSI, Canadian WHMIS Standards, Australian WorkSafe, Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z 7250:2000, and European Directives
1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
® ®
TRADE NAME (AS LABELED): Rust Bullet BlackShell
SYNONYMS: Rust Bullet® One-Component Aliphatic Moisture Cure Coating
CHEMICAL SHIPPING NAME/CLASS: See Section 14 for Details
U.N. NUMBER: UN1263
MANUFACTURER'S NAME: Rust Bullet® LLC
ADDRESS: 300 Brinkby Avenue; Suite 200
Reno, NV 89509
EMERGENCY PHONE: 800-424-9300 or 202-483-7616 (CHEMTREC, CCN17521)
BUSINESS PHONE: 775-829-5606 (For product information)
DATE OF PREPARATION: March 25, 2011
DATE OF REVISION: July 24, 2014 Rust Inhibitor (wax coating)
Rust Bullet Metal Jacket®, Powers Industries, protects metal
from exposure to weather, high humidity, chemical fumes and
2. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION salt spray
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW: Danger!

Product Description: This product is a black liquid with a strong odor.
Health Hazards: Harmful if swallowed or inhaled (Aspiration hazard). Causes irritation to skin, eyes and respiratory tract.
Flammability Hazards: Combustible Liquid Flash point >110°F (>43.3°C)
Reactivity Hazards: This product is reactive.
Environmental Hazards: Release of the product is not expected to cause adverse effects to the aquatic environment.
Emergency Recommendations: Emergency responders must have personal protective equipment and fire protection
appropriate for the situation to which they are responding.
EU LABELING AND CLASSIFICATION: This product meets the definition of a hazardous substance or preparation
according to EU Regulations (EC) No 1272/2008.
INDEX NUMBER:
EC# Proprietary This substance is not classified in the Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC
EC# 204-658-1 Annex1 Index# 607-025-00-1
EC# 215-535-7 Annex1 Index# 601-022-00-9
EC# 265-199-0 Annex1 Index# 649-356-00-4
EC# 201-039-8 This substance is not classified in the Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC
CAS# 9004-36-8 Not Listed in ESIS
EC# 215-609-9 This substance is not classified in the Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC
HAZARDOUS MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
FLAMMABILITY
GHS CLASSIFICATION:
HEALTH HAZARD (BLUE) 2
Flammable Liquid Category 3
STOT SE Category 3
Acute Toxicity Category 4
FLAMMABILITY HAZARD (RED) 2 2
Skin Irritant Category 2
Carcinogen Category 1B
REACTIVITY
HAZARD
(YELLOW) 1
HEALTH
2 1 REACTIVITY
--
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Aspiration Hazard Category 1
EYES RESPIRATORY HANDS BODY
SEE SECTION 8 SEE SECTION 8
SIGNAL WORD : Danger ! For Routine Industrial Use and Handling Applications
OTHER
Scale: 0 = Minimal 1 = Slight 2 = Moderate

3 = Serious 4 = Severe * = Chronic hazard
Rust Bullet® LLC Page 1 of 8 www.RustBullet.com

HAZARD STATEMENT:
H226 Flammable Liquid and Vapor
H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways
H315 Causes skin irritation
H332 Harmful if inhaled
H336 May cause drowsiness and dizziness
H350 May cause cancer
PREVENTION STATEMENT :
P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame/hot surfaces – No Smoking.
P242 Use only non-sparking tools.
P243 Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray.
P271 Use only in well ventilated areas.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
RESPONSE STATEMENT:
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P301+P310 IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or Doctor/Physician.
P333 + P313 IF skin irritation or rash occurs : Get medical advice/attention.
HEALTH EFFECTS OR RISKS FROM EXPOSURE:

ACUTE:
INHALATION: Inhalation can cause severe irritation of mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. Symptoms may
include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting. High
concentrations may cause lung damage. An irritant to the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract.
INGESTION: Causes irritation to the gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
SKIN CONTACT: Causes irritation to skin. Symptoms include redness, itching, and pain. Repeated or prolonged contact
with the skin has a defatting effect and may cause dryness, cracking, and possibly dermatitis.
EYE CONTACT: Causes irritation, redness, and pain.
MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE: Individuals with pre-existing skin, eye impaired liver, kidney or
respiratory function may be more susceptible to the effects of this substance.
CHRONIC:
Chronic exposure to organic solvents has been associated with various neurotoxic effects including permanent brain and
nervous system damage. Symptoms include loss of memory, loss of intellectual ability and loss of coordination.
This product contains an ingredient(s) designated by IARC, NTP, ACGIH or OSHA as probable or suspected human
carcinogens.
3. COMPOSITION AND INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Hazardous Ingredients: WT% CAS# EINECS # Hazard
Classification Risk Phrases
Proprietary 45 - 65% Proprietary Proprietary Not Classified None
n-Butyl Acetate 1 - 10% 123-86-4 204-658-1 [F] Flammable R10, R66, R67
Xylene 1 - 10% 1330-20-7 215-535-7 [F] Flammable, R10, R38

[Xi] Irritant
Solvent Naphtha, Light Aromatic 20 - 40% 64742-95-6 265-199-0 Carc. Cat 2, Muta. R45, R46, R65
Cat 2 [T] Toxic
Catalyst 1 - 5% 77-58-7 201-039-8 Not Classified None
Cellulose Acetate Butyrate 1 - 5% 9004-36-8 Not Listed Not Classified None
Carbon Black 5 - 20% 1333-86-4 215-609-9 Not Classified None

Balance of other ingredients is less than 1% in concentration (or 0.1% for carcinogens, reproductive None
toxins, or respiratory sensitizers).

NOTE: ALL WHMIS required information is included in appropriate sections based on the ANSI Z400.1-2004 format. This product has been classified in
accordance with the hazard criteria of the CPR and the MSDS contains all the information required by the CPR, EU Directives and the Japanese
Industrial Standard JIS Z 7250: 2000.
4. FIRST-AID MEASURES
SKIN EXPOSURE: If this product contaminates the skin, begin decontamination with running water. Minimum flushing is for
5 minutes. Remove exposed or contaminated clothing, taking care not to contaminate eyes. The contaminated individual
should seek medical attention if any adverse effect occurs.
EYE EXPOSURE: If this product enter the eyes, open contaminated individual's eyes while under gently running water. Use
sufficient force to open eyelids. Remove contact lenses if worn. Have contaminated individual "roll" eyes. Minimum flushing
is for 15 minutes. Contaminated individual must seek medical attention if irritation develops or persists or if visual changes
occur.
INHALATION: If vapors/mists generated by this product are inhaled, remove contaminated individual to fresh air. If
necessary, use artificial respiration to support vital functions. SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION.
INGESTION: If this product is swallowed, CALL PHYSICIAN OR POISON CONTROL CENTER FOR MOST CURRENT
INFORMATION. DO NOT induce vomiting; if vomiting occurs spontaneously, keep head below hips to prevent aspiration
of liquid into lungs. Never induce vomiting or give diluents (milk or water) to someone who is unconscious, having
convulsions, or unable to swallow. SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION.
RECOMMENDATIONS TO PHYSICIANS: Treat symptoms and eliminate overexposure.
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
FLASH POINT: Flash point >110°F (>43.3°C)

AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE: 437°C
FLAMMABLE LIMITS (in air by volume, %): Lower Not Established% Upper Not Established%
FIRE EXTINGUISHING MATERIALS: Use fire extinguishing methods listed below:
Water Spray: Yes Carbon Dioxide: Yes
Foam: Yes Dry Chemical: Yes
Halon: Yes Other: Any “C” Class
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks. Vapor may travel
considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back. Containers heated in a fire my swell and burst.
Explosion Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact: No Information Available
Explosion Sensitivity to Static Discharge: No Information Available
SPECIAL FIRE-FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Incipient fire responders should wear eye protection. Structural firefighters
must wear Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus and full protective equipment. Isolate materials not yet involved in the fire
and protect personnel. Move containers from fire area if this can be done without risk; otherwise, cool with carefully applied
water spray. If possible, prevent runoff water from entering storm drains, bodies of water, or other environmentally sensitive
areas.
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
SPILL AND LEAK RESPONSE: Evacuate unprotected personnel from the area. Maintain adequate ventilation. Follow
personal protective equipment recommendations found in section 8. Contain and recover liquid if possible. Use non-
sparking tools and equipment. Collect liquid in an appropriate container or absorb with an inert material (e. g., vermiculite,
dry sand, earth), and place in a chemical waste container. Do not use combustible materials, such as saw dust. Do not
discharge to sewers and surface waters. Notify authorities if entry occurs. Remove all sources of ignition.
U.S. Regulations (CERCLA) requires reporting spills and releases to soil, water and air in excess of reportable quantities.
The toll free number for the US Coast Guard National Response Center is (800) 424-8802.
Dispose of in accordance with U.S. Federal, State, and local hazardous waste disposal regulations and those of Canada and
its Provinces, those of Australia, Japan and EU Member States (see Section 13, Disposal Considerations).
7. HANDLING and STORAGE
WORK PRACTICES AND HYGIENE PRACTICES: As with all chemicals, avoid getting this product ON YOU or IN YOU.
Wash thoroughly after handling this product. Do not eat, drink, smoke, or apply cosmetics while handling this product. Do not
breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable
respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact
with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, and alkalis
STORAGE AND HANDLING PRACTICES: Protect against physical damage. Store in a cool, dry well-ventilated location,
Outside or detached storage is acceptable. Separate from incompatibles. Containers of this material may be hazardous
when empty since they retain product residues (vapors, liquid); observe all warnings and precautions listed for the product.
Storage Temperature (min/max): 32°F (0°C) / 110°F (43°C)
Shelf Life: 24-months at 77°F (25°C). When unopened.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS - PERSONAL PROTECTION

Chemical Name CAS# ACGIH TLV OSHA TWA
Homopolymer of Hexamethylene Diosocyanate 28182-81-2 Not Established Not Established
n-Butyl Acetate 123-86-4 150 ppm 150 ppm
Xylene 1330-20-7 100 ppm 100 ppm
Solvent Naphtha, Light Aromatic 64742-95-6 Not Established Not Established
Catalyst 77-58-7 Not Established Not Established
Cellulose Acetate Butyrate 9004-36-8 Not Established Not Established
Carbon Black 1333-86-4 3.5 mg/m³ 3.5 mg/m³
VENTILATION AND ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Use with adequate ventilation to ensure exposure levels are maintained
below the limits provided below. Ensure eyewash/safety shower stations are available near areas where this product is used.
The following information on appropriate Personal Protective Equipment is provided to assist employers in complying with
OSHA regulations found in 29 CFR Subpart I (beginning at 1910.132) or equivalent standard of Canada, or standards of
EU member states (including EN 149 for respiratory PPE, and EN 166 for face/eye protection), and those of Japan.
Please reference applicable regulations and standards for relevant details.
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: Maintain airborne contaminant concentrations below guidelines listed above, if applicable. If
necessary, use only respiratory protection authorized in the U.S. Federal OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR
1910.134), equivalent U.S. State standards, Canadian CSA Standard Z94.4-93, the European Standard EN149, or EU
member states.
EYE PROTECTION: Use chemical safety goggles and/or a full face shield where splashing is possible. Maintain eye wash
fountain and quick-drench facilities in work area. Contact lenses pose a special hazard; Do not wear contact lenses.
If necessary, refer to U.S. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.133, Canadian Standards, and the European Standard EN166, Australian
Standards, or relevant Japanese Standards.
HAND PROTECTION: Use chemically-resistant gloves when handling this product. If necessary, refer to U.S. OSHA 29
CFR 1910.138, the European Standard DIN EN 374, the appropriate Standards of Canada, Australian Standards, or
relevant Japanese Standards.
BODY PROTECTION: Use body protection appropriate for task (e.g. lab coat, overalls). If necessary, refer to appropriate
Standards of Canada, or appropriate Standards of the EU, Australian Standards, or relevant Japanese Standards. If a
hazard of injury to the feet exists due to falling objects, rolling objects, where objects may pierce the soles of the feet or where
employee’s feet may be exposed to electrical hazards, use foot protection, as described in U.S. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.136.
9. PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

VAPOR DENSITY: Heavier than air EVAPORATION RATE (n-BuAc=1): No Data
% VOLATILE: 3.61 MELTING/FREEZING POINT: No Data
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Non Soluble BOILING POINT: No Data
VAPOR PRESSURE: No Data pH: No Data
ODOR: Strong Odor SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.104 kg/l (8.012#/Gallon)
APPEARANCE and COLOR: Black liquid

10. STABILITY and REACTIVITY
STABILITY: Stable under conditions of normal storage and use.

HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide may form when heated to
decomposition.
MATERIALS WITH WHICH SUBSTANCE IS INCOMPATIBLE: Avoid contact with oxidizing agents and alkalis.
POSSIBILITY OF HAZARDOUS REACTIONS: Will not occur.
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Excess heat, ignition sources, incompatible materials.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

TOXICITY DATA:
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 1330-20-7:
Draize test, rabbit, eye: 87 mg Mild;
Draize test, rabbit, eye: 5 mg/24H Severe;
Draize test, rabbit, skin: 100% Moderate;
Draize test, rabbit, skin: 500 mg/24H Moderate;
Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 5000 ppm/4H;
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 2119 mg/kg;
Oral, rat: LD50 = 4300 mg/kg;
Skin, rabbit: LD50 = >1700 mg/kg;
CAS# 123-86-4:
Draize test, rabbit, eye: 100 mg Moderate;
Draize test, rabbit, skin: 500 mg/24H Moderate;
Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 6 gm/m3/2H;
Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 390 ppm/4H;
Oral, mouse: LD50 = 6 gm/kg;
Oral, rabbit: LD50 = 3200 mg/kg;
Oral, rat: LD50 = 10768 mg/kg;
Skin, rabbit: LD50 = >17600 mg/kg;
CAS# 64742-95-6:
No Data Available
Acute effects: stinging eyes. Vapor inhalation may moderately irritate the upper respiratory trait. Contract with skin may
cause irritation. Ingestion may cause health problems including stomach pain and sting, nausea and sickness.
CARCINOGENICITY:
--------\Cancer Lists\------------------------------------------------------
---NTP Carcinogen---
Ingredient Known Anticipated IARC Category
------------------------------------ ----- ----------- -------------
Carbon Black No No 2B
REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS: No information found
MUTAGENICITY: No information found
NEUROTOXICITY: No information found
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

ALL WORK PRACTICES MUST BE AIMED AT ELIMINATING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION.
ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY: When released into the soil, this material may leach into groundwater. When released
into water, this material may biodegrade to a slight extent. This material is expected to significantly bioaccumulate.
CHEMICAL EFFECT ON PLANTS, ANIMALS AND AQUATIC LIFE: This material has been tested by Wildlife, Fish, and
Conservation Biology Dept.,University of California, Davis and is not expected to be toxic to aquatic life.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
PREPARING WASTES FOR DISPOSAL: Waste disposal must be in accordance with appropriate U.S. Federal, State, and
local regulations, those of Canada, Australia, EU Member States and Japan.
14. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
US DOT, IATA, IMO, ADR:

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (DOT) SHIPPING REGULATIONS: This product is classified (per 49 CFR
172.101) by the U.S. Department of Transportation, as follows.
Domestic (Land, D.O.T.) – Non-Regulated Material
® ®
PRODUCT LABEL: Rust Bullet BlackShell
UN NUMBER: N.A.
D.O.T. HAZARD CLASS: N.A.
PACKING GROUP: N.A.
D.O.T. SHIPPING NAME: Paint
SPECIAL PROVISIONS: 640E
Domestic (Air) – Non Regulated Material (Containers less than 5-Liters)
International (Water, I.M.O.):
® ®
UN NUMBER: UN1263
D.O.T. HAZARD CLASS: 3
PACKING GROUP: III
PRODUCT RQ (Lbs): N.A.
EMS: F-E, S-E
International (Air, I.C.A.O.):
® ®
UN NUMBER: UN1263
D.O.T. HAZARD CLASS: 3
PACKING GROUP: III
AIR-CARGO: Packing Instructions: 366 Maximum Quantity: 220L
AIR-PASS.: Packing Instructions: 355 Maximum Quantity: 60L
Special Instructions: --
MARINE POLLUTANT: The components of this product are not designated by the Department of Transportation to be Marine Pollutants
(49 CFR 172.101, Appendix B).
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION SHIPPING INFORMATION (IATA): This product is considered as
dangerous goods.
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION SHIPPING INFORMATION (IMO): This product is considered as dangerous
goods.
EUROPEAN AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY ROAD
(ADR): This product is considered by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe to be dangerous goods.
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
UNITED STATES REGULATIONS:

U.S. SARA REPORTING REQUIREMENTS: The components of this product are subject to the reporting requirements of
Sections 302, 304, and 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act.
U.S. SARA THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY: There are no specific Threshold Planning Quantities for the components
of this product. The default Federal MSDS submission and inventory requirement filing threshold of 10,000 lbs (4,540 kg)
therefore applies, per 40 CFR 370.20.
U.S. CERCLA REPORTABLE QUANTITY (RQ): CAS# 1330-20-7: 100 lb final RQ; 45.4 kg final RQ
U.S. TSCA INVENTORY STATUS: The components of this product are listed on the TSCA Inventory or are exempted form
listing.

OTHER U.S. FEDERAL REGULATIONS:
CLEAN WATER ACT:
CAS# 1330-20-7 is listed as a Hazardous Substance under the CWA.
STATE REGULATIONS:
CALIFORNIA SAFE DRINKING WATER AND TOXIC ENFORCEMENT ACT (PROPOSITION 65): Ingredient(s) within this
product are on the Proposition 65 Lists.
WARNING! This product contains a component(s) that are known to the State of California to cause cancer or
reproductive harm.
CANADIAN REGULATIONS:
CANADIAN DSL/NDSL INVENTORY STATUS: The components of this product are on the DSL Inventory, or are exempted
from listing.
OTHER CANADIAN REGULATIONS: Not applicable.
CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT (CEPA) PRIORITIES SUBSTANCES LISTS:
WHMIS: This MSDS has been prepared according to the hazard criteria of the Controlled Products Regulations (CPR) and
the MSDS contains all of the information required by the CPR.
CANADIAN WHMIS CLASSIFICATION and SYMBOLS: CLASS B-3: Combustible liquid with a flash between 37.8°C and
93.3°C, CLASS D-2A: Very Toxic Material, CLASS D-2B: Material causing other toxic effects.
EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY INFORMATION:

EU LABELING AND CLASSIFICATION: This product meets the definition of the following hazard class as defined by the
European Economic Community Guidelines.
EU CLASSIFICATION: [F] Flammable, [T] Toxic, [Xi] Irritant
EU RISK PHRASES: R10: Flammable; R38: Irritating to skin; R45: May cause cancer: R46: May cause heritable genetic
damage: R65: Harmful may cause lung damage if swallowed; R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking:
R67: Vapors may cause drowsiness or dizziness.
EU SAFETY PHRASES: S9: Keep container in well ventilated space; S24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes; S26: In case
of contact with eye, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice; S46: If swallowed, seek medical advice
immediately and show this container or label; S51: Use only in a well ventilated area; S62: If swallowed, do not induce
vomiting: seek immediate medical advice.
AUSTRALIAN INFORMATION FOR PRODUCT: The components of this product are listed on the International Chemical
Inventory list.
JAPANESE INFORMATION FOR PRODUCT:

JAPANESE MINISTER OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND INDUSTRY (MITI) STATUS: The components of this product are not
listed as Class I Specified Chemical Substances, Class II Specified Chemical Substances, or Designated Chemical Substances by
the Japanese MITI.
JAPANESE ENCS INVENTORY: The components of this product are on the ENCS Inventory as indicated in the section on
International Chemical Inventories.
POISONOUS AND DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES CONTROL LAW: No component of this product is a listed Specified
Poisonous Substance under the Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Law.
INTERNATIONAL CHEMICAL INVENTORIES:

Listing of the components on individual country Chemical Inventories is as follows:
Asia-Pac: Not all components Listed
Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS): Not all components Listed
Korean Existing Chemicals List (ECL): Not all components Listed
Japanese Existing National Inventory of Chemical Substances (ENCS): Not all components Listed
Philippines Inventory if Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS): Not all components Listed

Swiss Giftliste List of Toxic Substances: Not all components Listed
U.S. TSCA: Listed
16. OTHER INFORMATION
Prepared By: John Shipps (Shipps Inc.)

Approval Date: July 24, 2014
This information is furnished gratuitously and independent of the sales of the product without warranty, expressed or implied, except that it is
®
accurate to the best knowledge of Rust Bullet . NO WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WHETHER OF MERCHANTABILITY OF
FITNESS OF ANY NATURE OR OTHERWISE WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT OR TO THE DATA HEREIN IS MADE HEREUNDER.
The data on this sheet are related only to the specific material designated herein. Rust Bullet assumes no legal responsibility for use or
reliance upon these data. Rust Bullet shall not be responsible for any damages directly or indirectly resulting from the publication or use of or
reliance upon data contained herein. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for all Rust Bullet products and you are urged to obtain those
sheets for all those products that you buy, process, use or distribute. You may also have a legal obligation to advise anyone working with or
exposed to such products of the information contained in the Material Safety Data Sheets.
END OF MSDS SHEET

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IOM-MDX-9973938964_s002 GIW® MINERALS SAP # 9973938964

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Section Page Section Page

Anchor Bolt Template – Anchor Installation 2 Pump Flanges 30

GIW Technical Series Page 1 of 61 2018.07

ANCHOR BOLT GUIDE PIECE – CAST IN ANCHOR INSTALLATION

GIW Technical Series Page 2 of 61 2018.07

2.22" (56mm) Minimum Anchor Bolt Protrusion

GIW Technical Series Page 3 of 61 2018.07

GIW Technical Series Page 4 of 61 2018.07

GIW Technical Series Page 5 of 61 2018.07

D - Parallelism of separate mounting surfaces ± 0.010 inch ± 0.020 ± 0.25 mm ± 0.50 mm

GIW Technical Series Page 6 of 61 2018.07

1 Level in both directions using machined pads

GIW Technical Series Page 7 of 61 2018.07

WET END SUPPORT ALIGNMENT

GIW Technical Series Page 8 of 61 2018.07

BASEPLATE INSTALLATION, GROUT FILLED (also applies to sole plates)

GIW Technical Series Page 9 of 61 2018.07

BASEPLATE INSTALLATION, STEEL FOUNDATION WITH EPOXY GROUT BEARING SURFACE

BASEPLATE INSTALLATION, STEEL FOUNDATION WITHOUT EPOXY GROUT

GIW Technical Series Page 10 of 61 2018.07

Imperial Grade 2 or Metric Class 5.6 fasteners are not acceptable.

BEARING HOUSING TORQUE CHART

Imperial Grade 5 Bolts with Anti-Seize on threads

Metric 8.8 Bolts with Anti-Seize on threads

GIW Technical Series Page 11 of 61 2018.07

Oil Temperature Baseline Values

Bearing Temperature Set Points

GIW Technical Series Page 12 of 61 2018.07

Oil Temperature / Change Interval Values

250+ °F 120+ °C The unit should be shut down.

Every 3,000 operating hours or 3 – Recommended oil change intervals.

Bearing Temperature Set Points

GIW Technical Series Page 13 of 61 2018.07

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