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    Lecture 10

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    amanterefe99
    A multiplexer is a circuit with multiple data inputs, select inputs, and one output. It passes the signal from one of the data inputs to the output based on the values of the select inputs. Larger multiplexers can be built from smaller ones. Multiplexers can be used to implement logic functions using their truth tables. Shannon's expansion theorem states that any Boolean function can be written as sums of products, which can be implemented using multiplexers. A demultiplexer is the opposite, taking a single input and placing it on multiple outputs based on the select inputs.

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    Lecture 10

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    amanterefe99
    55 views10 pages
    A multiplexer is a circuit with multiple data inputs, select inputs, and one output. It passes the signal from one of the data inputs to the output based on the values of the select inputs. Larger multiplexers can be built from smaller ones. Multiplexers can be used to implement logic functions using their truth tables. Shannon's expansion theorem states that any Boolean function can be written as sums of products, which can be implemented using multiplexers. A demultiplexer is the opposite, taking a single input and placing it on multiple outputs based on the select inputs.

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    A multiplexer is a circuit with multiple data inputs, select inputs, and one output. It passes the signal from one of the data inputs to the output based on the values of the select inputs. Larger multiplexers can be built from smaller ones. Multiplexers can be used to implement logic functions using their truth tables. Shannon's expansion theorem states that any Boolean function can be written as sums of products, which can be implemented using multiplexers. A demultiplexer is the opposite, taking a single input and placing it on multiple outputs based on the select inputs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    55 views10 pages

    Lecture 10

    Uploaded by

    amanterefe99
    A multiplexer is a circuit with multiple data inputs, select inputs, and one output. It passes the signal from one of the data inputs to the output based on the values of the select inputs. Larger multiplexers can be built from smaller ones. Multiplexers can be used to implement logic functions using their truth tables. Shannon's expansion theorem states that any Boolean function can be written as sums of products, which can be implemented using multiplexers. A demultiplexer is the opposite, taking a single input and placing it on multiple outputs based on the select inputs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 10

     Multiplexers

     A multiplexer circuit has a number of data inputs, one or more select inputs, and one
    output.
     It passes the signal value on one of the data inputs to the output.
     The data input is selected by the values of the select inputs.
    2-to-1 multiplexer
    • The select input, s, chooses as
    the output of the multiplexer
    either input w0 or w1.
    • Hence,
    when s=0, the o/p becomes wo
    when s=1, the o/p becomes w1

    1
    4-to-1 multiplexer
     Four data inputs, w0, . . . ,w3, and two select inputs, s1 and s0.

     As shown in the truth table in part


    (b), the two-bit number represented
    by s1s0 selects one of the data inputs as
    the output of the multiplexer.

     Realizes the multiplexer function

     It is possible to build larger


    multiplexers using the same approach

     A multiplexer that has n data inputs,


    w0, . . . ,wn−1, requires log2n select
    inputs.

    2
     Larger multiplexers can also be constructed from smaller multiplexers. For example, the
    4-to-1 multiplexer can be built using three 2-to-1 multiplexers as illustrated below.

     Exercise: Construct a 16-to-1 multiplexer using 4-to-1 multiplexers.

    3
     crossbar switch
     A circuit that has n inputs and k outputs, whose sole function is to provide a capability
    to connect any input to any output, is usually referred to as an n×k crossbar switch.
     Implementing 2×2 crossbar using 2-to-1 multiplexers:

     The function of the circuit is to allow


    either of its inputs (x1 and x2) to be
    connected to either of its outputs,
    under the control of another input, s.
     If s = 0, the crossbar connects x1 to y1
    and x2 to y2, while if s = 1, the crossbar
    connects x1 to y2 and x2 to y1.

    4
     Synthesis of Logic Functions Using Multiplexers

    Example #1: Exclusive-OR [ XOR]


    Consider the function f = w1 ⊕ w2
     Directly straightforward f can be implemented using a 4-to-1 multiplexer.

     The values of f in each row of the truth


    table are connected as constants to the
    multiplexer data inputs.

    5
     By manipulating the truth table, f can be implemented by a single 2-to-1
    multiplexer.
     w1 in this example, is chosen as the
    select input of the 2-to-1 multiplexer.

     The truth table is redrawn to indicate


    the value of f for each value of w1.

     When w1 = 0, f has the same value as


    input w2, and when w1 = 1, f has the
    value of w2.

    6
    Example #2: Three-input majority function
     Consider the truth table for the three-input majority function, f.
     The truth table is modified to implement the function using a 4-to-1
    multiplexer.
     w1 and w2 are chosen as the multiplexer select inputs.

     Exercise: Implement the function f = w1⊕w2⊕w3 using 2-to-1 multiplexers.


    7
    Multiplexer Synthesis Using Shannon’s Expansion
     Shannon’s Expansion Theorem
     Any Boolean function f (w1, . . . ,wn) can be written in the form

    This expansion can be done in terms of any of the n variables.

    Example: Implement the function

    using a 2-to-1 multiplexer and any other necessary gates.


    Soln.
    Shannon’s expansion using w1 gives

    The corresponding circuit becomes

    8
    Exercise:
    #1)* Implement the previous example using a 4-to-1 multiplexer. Give the Shannon’s
    expansion in terms of two variables.
    #2) Implement the three-input majority function using only 2-to-1 multiplexers. Use
    Shannon’s expansion.

    9
     Demultiplexer
     A demultiplexer is a circuit that performs the opposite function of multiplexer,
    namely, placing the value of a single data input onto multiple data outputs.
    1-to-4 demultiplexer

     The data-input line goes to all of the AND gates. The two data-select lines enable
    only one gate at a time, and the data appearing on the data-input line will pass
    through the select gate to the associated data-output line.

    10

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