CHESS

CHESS
WHAT IS CHESS?  The rook is a piece in the game of chess. It may move
any number of squares horizontally or vertically without
a game for 2 players each of whom moves 16 pieces according to jumping, and it may capture an enemy piece on its path;
fixed rules across a checkerboard and tries to checkmate the additionally, it may participate in castling.
opponent's king.
KNIGHT
HISTORY OF CHESS
 The knight is a piece in the game of chess, represented
• Chess, as we know it today, was born out of the Indian by a horse's head and neck. It moves two squares
game chaturanga before the 600s AD. The game spread vertically and one square horizontally, or two squares
throughout Asia and Europe over the coming centuries, horizontally and one square vertically, jumping over
and eventually evolved into what we know as chess other pieces.
around the 16th century.
BISHOP
• One of the first masters of the game was a Spanish
priest named Ruy Lopez.  Bishop is a piece in the game of chess. It moves and
captures along diagonals without jumping over
• First official World Chess Champion is Wilhelm Steinitz.
intervening pieces. Each player begins the game with
• The International Chess Federation or World Chess two bishops.
Federation, commonly referred to by its French acronym
QUEEN
FIDE.
 The Queen is the most powerful piece in the game
THE CHESSBOARD
of chess. It can move any number of squares vertically,
A chessboard is a horizontally or diagonally, combining the powers of
gameboard used to play the rook and bishop.
chess. It consists of 64
KING
squares, 8 rows by 8
columns, on which the  The king is the most valuable chess piece in a game of
chess pieces are placed. It chess. It can move left, right, up, down or diagonally. It
is square in shape and uses can only move one square at a time.
two colours of squares, one
light and one dark, in a
chequered pattern. During play, the board is oriented such that
each player's near-right corner square is a light square. PLACEMENT OF CHESS PIECES ON THE CHESSBOARD
The columns of a chessboard are known as files, the 1. Lay out the light square in the bottom-right corner
rows are known as ranks, and the lines of adjoining same-coloured 2. Set up the pawns on the second rank
squares (each running from one edge of the board to an adjacent
edge) are known as diagonals. Each square of the board is named 3. Put your rooks in the corners
using algebraic, descriptive, or numeric chess notation.
4. Place your knights next to the rooks
5. Bishops go next to knights
THE CHESS PIECES
6. Queen goes on her color
1. A standard chess set has 32 pieces, 16 per side.
7. Place your king in the last square available
2. The six different types of pieces
are: king, rook, bishop, queen, knight, and pawn. 8. Don't forget, white moves first!
*8 pawns *2 rooks *2 knights *2 bishops

*1 queen *1 king
PAWN
 The pawn is the most numerous and weakest piece in

the game of chess. It may move one vacant square
directly forward, it may move two vacant squares directly
forward on its first move, and it may capture one square
diagonally forward.
TERMINOLOGIES IN CHESS
TOUCH MOVE
ROOK
 The touch-move rule in chess specifies that a player,
having the move, who deliberately touches a piece on
the board must move or capture that piece if it is legal to the center of the board (it is possible even to checkmate
do so. If it is the player's piece that was touched, it must with castling).
be moved if the piece has a legal move.
EN PASSANT (FRENCH WORD FOR “IN PASSING”)
(J'adoube) /ZHaˈdo͞ob/
 En passant is a special method of capturing in chess
 A player can declare "J'adoube" if he desires to adjust that occurs when a pawn captures a horizontally
the piece. Otherwise, he or she must move it if he or she adjacent enemy pawn that has just made an initial two-
touches it, as long as it is legal. square advance. The capturing pawn moves to the
square that the enemy pawn passed over, as if the
CHECK enemy pawn had advanced only one square.
 Check is a situation in the game of Chess where a  Any given pawn will have a maximum of two
player's King is threatened directly by another player's opportunities to capture a pawn by en passant, though it
piece. If at any point in the game a player's King is is limited to taking only one of them.
threatened directly by another player's piece so that in
their next turn, they will be able to capture him - the other
player has put the King in “Check”. CHESS NOTATION
CHECKMATE  Chess notation
systems are used
 A checkmate in chess is a game-ending state in which to record either
one player's king is helpless, and the player cannot the moves made
move their king out of danger or take the or the position of
threatening piece. When a player successfully puts their the pieces in a
opponent in checkmate, they win the game. game of chess.
STALEMATE Chess notation is used in chess literature, and by players
keeping a record of an ongoing game.
 Just like with Checkmate, in a Stalemate the King cannot
move—he has no Safe Squares. In fact, a Stalemate
happens when there are no legal moves, just like
Checkmate. The only difference is that since the King
isn't threatened, the attacker can't claim a win and the
game is declared a Draw!
CAPTURE
 Captures are tactical moves changing material balance

where an opponent piece is removed from the board as
part of the completion of the move. This is either done by
moving a piece to a square, which is occupied by the
opponent captured piece - or as a special case of pawn
takes pawn, en passant.
. SPECIAL RULES IN CHESS

PROMOTION
 In chess, promotion is the replacement of a pawn with a

new piece when the pawn is moved to its last rank . The
player replaces the pawn immediately with
a queen, rook, bishop, or knight of the same color . The
new piece does not have to be a previously captured
piece.
 Pawn promotion is an important strategic and legal move
in the game of chess that can help chess players earn a
decisive victory over an opponent.
CASTLING
 Castling is a move in chess. It consists of moving

the king two squares toward a rook on the same rank
and then moving the rook to the square that the king
passed over.
 Castling is an important goal in the early part of a game,
because it serves two valuable purposes: it moves the
king into a safer position away from the center of the
board, and it moves the rook to a more active position in
QUIZ
1. How many squares does a chessboard have? 10. At the start of a chess game, how many pieces are there in
total on a chess board?
A. 65
A. 8
B. 32 B. 16
C. 64 C. 32
D. 10
D. 99
11. What do we call the rows on a chess board?
2. What is it called when a player can't defend an attack against
their king? A. Files
B. Ranks
A. Check C. Bars
D. Numbers
B. Stalemate
12. Which piece can only move one square to any side in each
C. Capture move?
D. Checkmate A. Pawn
B. King
3. Where did chess originate?
C. Knight
A. India D. None of the above
B. Russia 13. When a pawn reaches the other side of the chess board, it
would be exchanged for any lost piece. What is this strategy
C. Italy called?
D. France A. Reigning
B. Queening
4. What does the word “checkmate” mean? C. Demotion
A. King is alone D. Promoting
B. King is helpless 14. Chess: Chaturanga, Chessboard: ___________.
C. King is guardless
D. King is dead A. Ashtapada
B. Ashtapa
5. Approximately how old is the game of chess? C. Istahp
A. Around 1500 years D. Ishtopado
B. Around 300 million years 15. How can a chess game finish in a draw?
C. More than 5000 years
D. Around 600 years A. The game reaches a stalemate
B. Both players are queen-less
6. Who was the first official World Chess Champion? C. Both A and B
A. Wilhelm Steinitz D. None of the above
B. Garry Kasparov Answer Key
C. Bobby Fischer
D. Paul Morphy 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A
7. What is the common abbreviation of the international chess 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C
federation? 11.B 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.A
A. International Chess Federation – FIDE

B. International Chest Organization – ICO
C. International Chest Association – ICA
D. Chess Organization Federation – COF
8. What counters the touch move?
A. Jz’adoube
B. J'adoube
C. J’abodo
D. J’adoubed
9. Which piece could be “checkmated” in chess?
A. King
B. Queen
C. Knight
D. Rook

CHESS

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CHESS

8 pawns 2 rooks 2 knights 2 bishops

 The pawn is the most numerous and weakest piece in

 Captures are tactical moves changing material balance

. SPECIAL RULES IN CHESS

 In chess, promotion is the replacement of a pawn with a

 Castling is a move in chess. It consists of moving

A. International Chess Federation – FIDE

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