Lecture 7 - Piecewise Linear Function

BUS202: Business Mathematics
Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan

Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering
Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology
Piecewise Linear Functions
BUS202: Business Mathematics 1

Lesson objectives
Learning objective:
The main aim of this lesson is to introduce the concept of describing a function
that is represented by more than one equation.
Learning outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
• Evaluate piecewise functions
• Graph and write piecewise function
References
• Earl Bowen, Pritchett/Saber, Mathematics with application in Management and
Economics (seventh edition), IRWIN
• S. M. Shahidul Islam, Business Mathematics, Abir Publications

Piecewise function
Case-I: A museum charges Tk.50 per person for a guided tour with a group of
1 to 9 people or a fixed Tk.500 fee for a group of 10 or more people. Write a
function relating to number of people, x, to the cost, C?

Piecewise function
Case-II: You plan to celebrate Rag day. For this purpose, you want to buy
same color and same design t-shirts for all your batch mates. You went to Viera
textile company, a reputed company for producing t-shirts for rag celebration
and the company will charge you according to the function below, where 𝑓(𝑥) is
the cost of the t-shirts and 𝑥 is the number of t-shirts that you order.
300𝑥 0 <≤ 10
𝑓 𝑥 = ቐ 280𝑥 11 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 50
250𝑥 𝑥 ≥ 50
(i) If you want to buy 52 t-shirts, how much will each t-shirts cost?
(ii) If you want to buy only 5 t-shirts, how much will each t-shirt cost?
(iii) You end up with 30 members who want to participate the rag program.
How much will each t-shirt cost?
(iv) Suppose you want to sell the shirts to your friends who are joining the rag
program and How much should you sell each shirt for TK 100 profit.

Piecewise function Definition
A piecewise function is a function in which more than one formula is used to
define the output over different pieces of the domain.
𝑎𝑥 ; 𝑥≤𝑓
𝑓 𝑥 = ቐ𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ; 𝑓≤𝑥≤𝑔
𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 ; 𝑥>𝑔

Example problem-7.1
A bakery has the following pricing for large orders of cupcakes. The first 100
cupcakes of any order cost $2.00 each. Each of the next 150 cupcakes only
cost $1.75 each. And each cupcake ordered in excess of 250 costs $1.25
each. Show the cost function

Example problem-7.2
A rental home on Airbnd rents for $100 a night for the first three nights. $90 a
night for the next three nights, and $80 a night for each remaining night. The
total cost 𝑇 is a function of the number of nights 𝑥 a guest stays. Write the
priecewise defined function 𝑇.

Example problem: 7.3
Boston Gas company charges its customers according to their
usages of gas as follows: a $6.71 customer charge, $0.7376 per
“therm” for the first 160 therms, and $0.6800 per “therm” for each
“therm” over 160.
a) Determine the cost function.
b) What is the total and average charge for using 120 therms ?
c) What is the total and average charge for using 200 therms ?
d) How many therms were used when charge was $355.93 ?

Boston Edison Company charges its customers according to
their usage of electricity. One rate it charges a particular class
of user is as follows: a basic monthly charge of $3.35, 3.380
cents per kilowatt hour (kWh) for the first 350 kWh, and 5.634
cents per kWh for any kwh in excess of 350.
a) Determine the cost function.
b) What are the total and average charges for using 200 kWh?
c) What are the total and average charges for using 400 kWh?
d) How many kWh were used if the total charge is $51.80?

Colonial Gas Company charges its customers according to
their usage of gas as follows: a $6 customer charge, $1.180
per unit (100 cubic feet) for the first 20 units, and $ 0.806 per
unit for each unit over 20.
(a) Determine the cost function.
(b) What are the total and average charges for using 15 units?
(c) What are the total and average charges for using 50 units?
(d) How many units were used if the total charge is $73.93

Com Electric charges its customers according to their usage of
electricity. One rate it charges commercial users is as follows: a
monthly customer charge of $6, $0.05973 energy charge per
kWh for the first 2300 kWh. $0.02505 energy charge per kWh in
excess of 2300 kwh & $0.00048 conversion charge per kWh.
a. Determine the cost function.
b. What is the total and average charge for using 2000 kWh?
c. What is the total and average charge for using 4000 kWh?
d. How many kWh were used if the total charge is $254.26?

The 1990 U.S. federal tax rate for single individuals was as
follows: 15 percent on an adjusted gross income (AGI) between
$0 and $19450; $2917.50 plus 28 percent on the excess over
$19,450 on an AGI between $19,450 and $47,050; and
$10,645.50 plus 33 percent on the excess over $47,050 on
an AGI between $47,050 and $97,620.
(a) Determine the tax function.
(b) How much tax would a single individual pay on an AGI of
$15,000?
(c) How much tax would a single individual pay on an AGI of
$35,000?
(d) How much tax would a single individual pay on an AGI of
$85,000?
(e) What was the individual’s AGI if taxes were $10,071.50?
The 1990 U.S. Federal tax rate for married couples was as follows: 15
percent on an adjusted gross income (AGI) between $0 and $32,450;
$4867.50 plus 28 percent on the excess over $32,450 on an AGI
between $32,450 and $78,400; and $17,733.50 plus 33 percent on the
excess over $78,400 on an AGI between $78,400 and $162,770.
(a)Determine the tax function.
(b)How much taxes would a married couple pay on an AGI of $15000?
(c)How much taxes would a married couple pay on an AGI of $35,000?
(d)How much taxes would a married couple pay on an AGI $85,000?
(e)What was the couple’s AGI if taxes are $8,381.50?
BUS202: Business Mathematics


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BUS202: Business Mathematics

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan

Piecewise Linear Functions

BUS202: Business Mathematics 1

BUS202: Business Mathematics 1

BUS202: Business Mathematics 3

BUS202: Business Mathematics 4

BUS202: Business Mathematics 5

BUS202: Business Mathematics 6

BUS202: Business Mathematics 7

BUS202: Business Mathematics 8

BUS202: Business Mathematics 9

BUS202: Business Mathematics 10

BUS202: Business Mathematics 11

BUS202: Business Mathematics

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