Exs in Ks3 Levels 5-6 PDF

Exercises in KS3
Mathematics
Levels 5 - 6
R Joinson
Sumbooks 5 Northway Chester CH4 8BB
Exercises in KS3 Mathematics - Levels 5 and 6
First Published 2001
Copyright R Joinson and Sumbooks
This package of worksheets is sold subject to the condition

that it is photocopied for educational purposes only on
the premises of the purchaser
ISBN 0 9531626 6 4
Preface
The questions have been arranged, as far as possible, according to level 5 and level 6
of the National Curriculum. All level 5 questions are in the front of the book and all level
6 questions in the back. Pages are labelled L.5 or L.6 accordingly. There may be some
overlap of the levels where I have found it unavoidable in order to keep the questions
sensible.
I have included a blank master triangular spotty page for use with Enlargements.
The answers to Missing Blocks, 3-D Shapes, Drawing T’s, Enlarging Letters and
Enlarging Through a Point can be accommodated on the question sheets.
I would like to thank my wife Jenny and my daughters Abigail and Hannah for all the
help and encouragement they have given me.
R Joinson May 2001

Chester
.
Contents
10’s, 100’s and 1000’s 7
Rounding off Whole Numbers 8
Negatives 9
Number Cards 10
Multiplication 11
Multiplying Decimals 12
Division 13
Division with Decimals 14
Cancelling Fractions 15
Mixed Fractions 16
Calculating a Fraction 17
Calculating Percentages 18
Ratio and Proportion 19
Checking 20
Inverse Operations 21
Adding Letters 22
Adding Letters and Numbers 23
Perimeters of Tiles 24
Simplifying Expressions 25
Brackets 26
Number Rules 27
Number Grids 28
Number Patterns 29
Negative Co-ordinates30
Angles 31
Triangles 32
Angles at a Point 33
Drawings 34
Making Shapes 35
Packages 36
Missing Blocks 37
3-D Shapes 38
Enlargements 39
Rotational Symmetry 40
Metric and Imperial Measure 41
Estimating Measures 42
Area and Perimeter 43
Mean 44
Rainfall 45
Youth Club 46
Moving 47
Percentage Bars 48
Reading Pie Charts 49
Comparing Pie Charts 50
Chances 51
Taking a Chance 52
Spinners 53
Take a Card 54
Different Outcomes 55
Trial and Improvement 56
Negatives 57
Fraction Problems 58
Percentage Calculations 59
Fractions, Decimals and Percentages 60
Ratios 61
Adding and Subtracting Fractions 62
More Fractions 63
Numbers for Letters 64
Multiplying a Bracket by a Bracket 65
Finding the Missing Expression 66
Making Magic Squares 67
Tiling Patterns 68
Equations of Parallel Lines 69
Graphs of Equations 70
Viewing Shapes 71
Drawing T’s 72
Properties of Quadrilaterals 73
Angles of Polygons 74
Symmetry of Polygons 75
Intersecting and Parallel Lines 76
Computer Instructions 77
Drawing an Octagon 78
Area and Circumference of a Circle 79
Areas and Rectangles 80
Volumes 81
Enlarging Letters 82
Enlarging Through a Point 83
Continuous Data 84
Pupils Weights 85
Constructing a Pie Chart 86
Distance and Time 87
Scatter Diagrams 88
Dice 89
Choosing 90
On The Road 91
© Sumbooks 2001 Key Stage 3
10’s, 100’s and 1000’s

30 180 Do not use a Calculator
31 so on
4560 4525.4L.5
1) Multiply each of these by 10
a) 3 b) 18 c) 54 d) 456 e) 3.1 f) 8.54 g) 452.54
h) 0.8 i) 0.54 j) 0.539 k) 0.03 l) 0.054 m) 0.0043 n) 0.0003
8 5.4 5.39 0.3 0.54 00.043
0.003
2) Multiply each of these by 100 ecs
a) 6 b) 27 c) 129 d) 456 e) 9.3 f) 37.8 g) 0.426
h) 0.7 i) 0.003 j) 0.0032 k) 0.0025 l) 0.00023 m) 0.004 n) 0.03001
ecs
60003) Multiply each of these by 1000
a) 6 b) 53 c) 693 d) 900 e) 2.67 f) 78.2 g) 26.976
h) 0.5 i) 0.53 j) 0.04 k) 0.004 l) 0.0475 m) 0.001 n) 0.00034
4) Divide each of these by 10 wcs

0.5
a) 5 b) 62 c) 459 d) 6539 e) 5.8 f) 2.76 g) 843.71
h) 0.5 i) 0.004 j) 0.64 k) 0.547 l) 0.03 m) 0.0046 n) 0.000328
5) Divide each of these by 100 0.09

a) 9 b) 14 c) 367 d) 1853 e) 6.8 f) 23.74 g) 2.9786
h) 0.7 i) 0.27 j) 0.064 k) 0.839 l) 0.01 m) 0.0002 n) 0.00654
0.002
6) Divide each of these by 1000
a) 2 b) 49 c) 386 d) 4638 e) 3.8 f) 18.5 g) 4.076
h) 0.6 i) 0.643 j) 0.062 k) 0.007 l) 0.3061 m) 0.003 n) 0.01001
7) a) What is 2.76 × 100?

Use this answer to do each of these
b) 2.76 × 200 c) 2.76 × 50 d) 0.276 × 200 e) 27.6 × 50
0.365
8) a) What is 35.6 ÷ 1000?
Use this answer to do these
b) 35.6 ÷ 2000 c) 35.6 ÷ 500 d) 3.56 ÷ 200 e) 356 ÷ 500
0.0178
9) Each of these gives an answer of 6.41. Fill in the missing values.
0.0641
1
.... × 100 6.41 ÷ ....
641 ÷ .... 0.00641 × ....

100
= 6.41
0.000641
.... × 1000 .... ÷ 10
10
0.641 × .... .... × 10
7
Rounding off Whole Numbers

L.5
1) The table shows the heights of some mountains to the nearest metre.
Height in m to Height in m to Height in m to

Mountain
the nearest m the nearest 10m the nearest 100m
1340 1300
Ben Nevis 1344
Snowdon 1090 1000
1086
Scafell Pike 1000 1000
977
900 1000
Slieve Donard 852
a) Write down their heights rounded to the nearest 10m and the nearest 100m.
b) There is another mountain which is not on the list.

It has a height of 1300m to the nearest 100m, and a height of 1310 to the
nearest 10m. 1303m
Write down a possible height of the mountain to the nearest metre.
c) Two more mountains have different heights. They both have a height of 1050m
to the nearest 10m, but their heights to the nearest 100m are different. What
could their heights be?
1045 and 1503
2) The attendances at four football matches are given in the table below.
Attendance to Attendance to
Ground Attendance
the nearest 10 the nearest 100
Leeds Utd. 39,267 39,270 39,300
Millwall 16,014 16,010

16,000
8,220
Cardiff City 8,219 8,200
Aberdeen 11,806 11,810 11,800
a) Write down the attendances rounded to the nearest 10 and the nearest 100.
b) The game at Portsmouth had an attendance of 13,000 to the nearest hundred,

and an attendance of 13,020 to the nearest 10.
13,017
Write down a possible attendance.
c) Two more games have different attendances. They both have an attendance of
15,500 to the nearest 100, but their attendances to the nearest 1000 are different.
What could their attendances be?
d) Another game has an attendance of 18,000 to the nearest thousand, 18,000 to

the nearest hundred and 18,000 to the nearest ten.
Complete this sentence by filling in the missing numbers.
The attendance could be 17,??6 or 18,??2
8
Negatives
L.5
1) Write down these temperatures in order of size, lowest first.
–10oC 12oC 7oC –6oC –14oC 4oC
2)
Use the diagram of a thermometer to answer these questions.
30˚C
What temperature does it show?
25˚C
20˚C The temperature is 5oC. It falls by 10oC. What will the new temperature be?
15˚C
The temperature is –5oC. If it increases by 12oC, what will the new
10˚C
5˚C temperature be?
0˚C
The temperature is –10oC. It rises by 20oC. What is the new temperature?
–5˚C
–10˚C The temperature is 12oC. It falls by 15oC. What is the new temperature?
3)
.... –15 .... –5 0 .... 10 ....
The diagram shows a number line.

Write down the missing values.
4) The temperature of the items in a freezer is –18oC.

a) A packet of peas is taken out. After half an hour their temperature has risen
by 11oC. What is their new temperature?
b) A packet of fish fingers is taken out. It is put in the fridge. The temperature of
the fridge is 3oC. When the packet reaches the temperature of the fridge, what
is its increase in temperature?
5) In a quiz show, contestants get 5 points for answering a question correctly and they
lose 5 points if they get it wrong.
In the first round, David got 3 questions correct and no questions wrong. His score
was 15.
In the same round, Simon got 3 questions wrong and no questions correct. His score
was –15.
a) If Ann gets 2 questions right and 1 question wrong, what is her score?
b) If Sian gets 1 question right and 2 questions wrong, what is her score?
c) In the second round, Simon gets 2 questions correct and one wrong. What is his
new score?
d) In the second round, Sian gets all her three questions wrong. What is her new
score?
9
Number Cards
L.5
In each of the questions below, use one of these eight cards to complete it.
+5 –3 +7 –1
–4 –9 0 +2
a) +5 + = 2
b) –3 + = –3
c) –9 + = –2
d) 0 + = –9
e) +2 + = 9
f) –4 + = –13
g) +7 + = 6
h) –3 + = –4
i) +2 + –9 + = –8
j) –1 + –4 + = –14
k) –9 + +2 + = –7
l) +2 + –3 + = 4
10
Multiplication
Do not use a calculator
L.5
1) Multiply each of the following
a) b) c) d) e)
12 16 24 34 48
× 3 × 5 × 8 × 6 × 7
f) g) h) i) j)
67 27 37 53 63
× 9 × 12 × 18 × 27 × 36
k) l) m) n) o)
134 643 547 545 321
× 7 × 3 × 8 × 5 × 7
p) q) r) s) t)
560 405 569 371 430
× 9 × 30 × 50 × 40 × 90
u) 83 × 27 v) 94 × 45 w) 79 × 62 x) 532 × 34 y) 63 × 80 z) 406 × 84
2) There are 23 pupils in a class. The teacher hands out 6 sheets of paper to each pupil.
How many sheets does she hand out altogether?
3) The number of sweets in a tube is 19. Sarah buys 16 tubes. How many sweets does
she buy?
4) It says on a packet of seeds that it contains 150 seeds. How many seeds will
there be in 12 packets?
5) The number of spots on a die is 21. How many spots are there on 19 dice?
6) Jake earns £5 per hour in his weekend job. Over a period of a month he works a total
of 52 hours. What will be his total earnings for the month?
7) Mr Johnson’s car will travel 16 kilometres using 1 litre of petrol. How many
kilometres will it travel if it uses 27 litres?
8) Wall tiles are sold in packs of 25. James buys 17 packs. How many wall tiles is this?
9) A ream of paper contains 500 sheets. The mathematics department buys 16 reams.
How many sheets is this?
10) Samantha’s bus journey to and from school each day totals 9 miles. She calculates
that over a period of a year she goes to school for 190 days. How many miles
does she travel in a year?
11
Multiplying Decimals
L.5
1) Multiply these numbers together
a) b) c) d) e)
5.7 7.3 8.4 7.9 8.8
× 4 × 7 × 6 × 3 × 9
f) g) h) i) j)
4.53 6.93 3.95 0.82 9.03
× 7 × 5 × 7 × 8 × 6
k) l) m) n) o)
17.5 56.4 65.4 27.5 37.9
× 2 × 5 × 4 × 8 × 9
p) q) r) s) t)
3.4 4.8 5.7 9.0 6.8
× 2.5 × 6.2 × 3.8 × 5.7 × 4.6
u) v) w) x) y)
1.34 1.57 3.45 8.31 7.03
× 12 × 22 × 39 × 40 × 83
2) There are 26 pupils in 8Y. They each bring £4.56 for the school trip. How much
money will the form tutor collect from the class?
3) A pen costs £1.26. What is the cost of 9 pens?
4) A group of 54 pupils go to the theatre with their teachers. The cost of a ticket for each
pupil is £1.50.
a) What is the cost for all 54 pupils?
b) There are 4 teachers with the party. The cost of a ticket for each of them is £2.95.
What is the cost of the four tickets for the teachers?
c) What is the total cost for the whole group?
5) A length of string is cut into 8 equal pieces. If each piece measures 62.5cm, what
was the original length of the string?
6) A factory makes radios. Each radio weighs 0.76kg.

a) What is the weight of 36 radios?
b) 36 radios are packed into large boxes to be sent off to the shops. If an empty box
weighs 0.45kg, what is the weight of a box containing the radios?
7) A car can travel 13.64 kilometres on 1 litre of petrol. How far will the car travel with
24 litres?
8) 1 ounce is approximately 28.35 grammes. How many grammes make 16 ounces?
12
Division
L.5
1) Divide each of the following.
a) 72 ÷ 6 b) 105 ÷ 7 c) 140 ÷ 4 d) 192 ÷ 8 e) 216 ÷ 9
f) 340 ÷ 4 g) 365 ÷ 5 h) 434 ÷ 7 i) 584 ÷ 8 j) 828 ÷ 9
k) 836 ÷ 4 l) 920 ÷ 5 m) 824 ÷ 8 n) 392 ÷ 7 o) 786 ÷ 6
p) 837 ÷ 9 q) 768 ÷ 6 r) 832 ÷ 8 s) 981 ÷ 9 t) 861 ÷ 7
2) Divide each of the following. In each case there will be a remainder.

a) 47 ÷ 2 b) 85 ÷ 3 c) 93 ÷ 7 d) 123 ÷ 4 e) 253 ÷ 6
f) 354 ÷ 8 g) 384 ÷ 7 h) 465 ÷ 9 i) 742 ÷ 3 j) 687 ÷ 8
k) 635 ÷ 6 l) 898 ÷ 7 m) 545 ÷ 8 n) 484 ÷ 7 o) 854 ÷ 9
3) Divide each of the following. Some will have remainders.

a) 156 ÷ 12 b) 195 ÷ 13 c) 255 ÷ 15 d) 396 ÷ 18 e) 532 ÷ 19
f) 843 ÷ 22 g) 753 ÷ 24 h) 702 ÷ 26 i) 915 ÷ 27 j) 984 ÷ 35
k) 893 ÷ 32 l) 738 ÷ 43 m) 843 ÷ 37 n) 708 ÷ 36 o) 981 ÷ 47
4) John has to tile the kitchen floor.

It measures 500 centimetres long by 400 centimetres wide.
500cm
400cm
The tiles are square and each side measures 20 centimetres.

a) How many tiles will fit along the 500 centimetre side?
b) How many tiles will fit along the 400 centimetre side?
c) How many tiles will be needed altogether?
5) A bookshelf is 150 centimetres wide. Books which are 3cm thick are to be put on the
shelf. How many books will the shelf hold?
6) Bill has to plant 800 plants at the garden centre. He puts 28 plants in each row.
a) How many rows does he plant and how many are left over?
b) How many more plants will he need to make one more row?
7) At the sweet factory, 33 sweets are put into each packet. How many packets will
957 sweets fill?
8) A cinema will hold 456 people when it is full. If there are 38 rows of seats, how many
seats are there in each row?
9) Claire wants to save £950 in order to buy a car. If she puts £40 each week into her
bank, how many weeks will it take her to save up the money?
13
Division with Decimals

L.5
1) Divide each of the following. Give your answers to 1 or 2 decimal places, whichever
is appropriate.
a) 28.0 ÷ 5 b) 38.00 ÷ 8 c) 27 ÷ 5 d) 31 ÷ 4 e) 42 ÷ 8
f) 41 ÷ 5 g) 44.1 ÷ 2 h) 50.4 ÷ 6 i) 27 ÷ 4 j) 14.4 ÷ 9
k) 1.05 ÷ 5 l) 132.6 ÷ 6 m) 19.5 ÷ 6 n) 41.84 ÷ 8 o) 31.85 ÷ 7
p) 0.4 ÷ 8 q) 56.12 ÷ 4 r) 112.5 ÷ 9 s) 23.04 ÷ 9 t) 1.26 ÷ 7
u) 22.55 ÷ 5 v) 104.23 ÷ 7 w) 336.6 ÷ 6 x) 235.77 ÷ 3 y) 168.6 ÷ 4
2) A length of wood measures 220 centimetres. Jane wants to cut it into 8 equal pieces.
How long will each piece be?
3) £50 is shared equally between 8 people. How much do they each receive?
4) Stephen buys a pack of 8 oranges. It costs £1.52. He sells one of the oranges to his
friend. He says he will charge him the same price as he paid. How much does he
charge?
5) Robert travels to work and back each day for 5 days. At the end of the last day he
finds that he has travelled a total of 92 miles.
a) How far does he travel each day?
b) What is the distance to his place of work?
6) Mr Jones has his newspaper delivered each day. On Sunday it costs 85p but on the
other 6 days it is cheaper. His total bill for the week is £4.15. If his newspaper cost the
same on each of the 6 days, how much will it cost on Monday?
7) Sarah has a plant. She notices that it grows twice as much on Tuesday as it does
on Monday, and it grows twice as much on Wednesday as it does on Tuesday. At
the end of Wednesday she found that it had grown a total of 19.6 centimetres over
the three days.
a) How much did it grow on Monday?
b) How much did it grow on Tuesday?
c) How much did it grow on Wednesday?
8) Hannah works in a bookshop. She has a space on her bookshelf measuring exactly
14.4 centimetres. She finds that 9 copies of the same book will fit into the space.
What is the thickness of each book?
9) Eight friends go on a trip to London. The total cost of their outing is £418.16. If they
share the cost equally, how much do they each pay?
10) One side of a square and one side of an equilateral triangle are equal. If the
perimeter of the square is 7.4 metres, calculate the perimeter of the triangle.
14
Cancelling Fractions
L.5
Exercise 1
Put these fractions into their lowest terms.
3 4 4 2 3 6
1) --- 2) ------ 3) --- 4) --- 5) --- 6) ------
9 10 8 8 6 10
4 4 5 10 8 7
7) ------ 8) ------ 9) ------ 10) ------ 11) ------ 12) ------
12 20 15 18 10 14
15 4 15 15 15 16
13) ------ 14) ------ 15) ------ 16) ------ 17) ------ 18) ------
20 24 25 30 40 40
16 14 15 15 40 15
19) ------ 20) ------ 21) ------ 22) ---------- 23) ---------- 24) ----------
48 42 50 100 100 150
15 45 150 65 105 150
25) ---------- 26) ---------- 27) ---------- 28) ---------- 29) ---------- 30) ----------
105 100 200 100 300 500
2
31) Cancel down each of these fractions and say which have a value of ---
3
12 8 7 6 6 8 10 14 12 12
------ , ------ , ------ , --- , ------ , ------ , ------ , ------ , ------ , ------ ,
15 10 14 9 12 12 15 30 18 20
4 5 16 18 14
--- , ------ , ------ , ------ , ------
6 15 20 27 21
32) Cancel down each of these fractions. List them in order of size, smallest first.
12 12 5 12
------ , ------ , ------ , ------
30 15 25 20
Exercise 2
In each case give your answer as a fraction in its lowest terms.
1) In a school of 1000 pupils, 550 are girls and 450 are boys.
a) What fraction of the school are boys?
b) What fraction of the school are girls?
2) An aeroplane flies from an airport in the UK to an airport in the USA. The total
distance is 6,000 miles. It re-fuels after a distance of 4,500 miles. What fraction of the
journey does it have left to do?
3) A village needs to collect £5,000 to repair the church steeple. When it has collected
£3,500, what fraction of the total will it have left to collect?
4) Bill cuts a length of wood into two pieces. One measures 45cm and the other
measures 65cm. What fractions has the wood been cut into?
5) Jill carries out a survey of people. She asks them whether they want a new
supermarket in the district. She interviews 200 people. 90 people say they want a
supermarket, 80 people say they don’t want one and the rest are undecided. What
fraction of the sample a) want the supermarket, b) don’t want the supermarket and
c) are undecided?
15
Mixed Fractions
L.5
Exercise 1
1) 25 students sit an examination. 15 pass and the remainder fail.
a) What fraction of the students pass?
b) What fraction of the students fail?
2) Gary walks from his home to the centre of town, a distance of 8 miles. When he has
walked 2 miles he stops for a rest.
a) What fraction of the journey has he travelled when he stops?
b) What fraction of the journey has he got left?
3) ABRACADABRA
a) What fraction of this word is made up of A’s?
b) What fraction of this word is made up of B’s?
c) What fraction of this word is made up of C’s?
d) What fraction of this word is made up of D’s?
e) What fraction of this word is made up of R’s?
4) A bunch of flowers is made up of 9 yellow roses, 8 red roses and 3 white roses.
a) What fraction of the bunch are yellow roses?
b) What fraction of the bunch are red roses?
c) What fraction of the bunch are white roses?
Exercise 2
1
1) Is ------
16
bigger than 1--8- ? 2) Is 1
---
8
smaller than 1--4- ?
1 1
3) Which is the smaller, --- or --- ?
4 8
4) How many 1--4- ’s make 1--2- ?
5) How many 1--8- ’s make 1

--- ?
4
6) How many 1--8- ’s make 1--2- ?
7) Write down these fractions in order of size, smallest to largest.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
--- --- --- --- --- --- ------
3 8 4 2 5 7 12
8) There are 200 people in a cinema audience. 150 are adults and the rest are children.
What fraction of the audience are children?
9) Tim sows a packet of seeds. There are 50 seeds in the packet.
If 35 seeds grow into plants, what fraction of the packet is this?
10) 90g of water is mixed with 5g of salt until the salt is dissolved.
a) What fraction of the mixture is salt?
b) What fraction of the mixture is water?
11) An alloy is made by combining two metals, copper and zinc. 50g of copper is
put with 12g of zinc. What fraction of the alloy is zinc?
12) A recipe needs 400g of flour, 150g of butter and 50g of sugar. When the three are
mixed together, what fraction will be a) flour, b) butter and c) sugar?
16
Calculating a Fraction
L.5
Exercise 1
Work these out, without using a calculator.
1 1 1 1
1) --- of 20
2
2) ---
2
of 10 3) --- of 9
3
4) --- of 21
3
5) 1--6- of 30 6) 1
--- of 36
6
1 1
7) --- of 20
4
8) ---
4
of 40 9) 1
--- of 15 10) 1--5- of 25 1
11) -----
10
- of 40
1
12) -----
10
- of 80
5
1 1
13) --- of 16 apples
2
14) ---
3
of 30 cm. 15) 1--4- of 24 hours 16) 1--5- of 30 cakes
1 1
17) ------ of 20 days
10
18) ---
3
of 18 loaves 19) 1--4- of 40 mm. 20) 1--5- of 25 oranges
Exercise 2
Work these out without using a calculator
2 3 3 3 5
1) ---
5
of 20 2) --- of 25
5
3) ---
8
of 24 4) --- of 21
7
5) --- of 18
6
6) 3--4- of 20
5 7 5 3 9 5
7) ---
7
of 28 8) ------ of 30
10
9) ---
8
of 32 10) ------ of 40
10
11) -----
10
- of 50 12) -----
12
- of 60
3 3
13) ---
4
of 40 apples 14) ---
5
of 35 cakes 15) 2--3- of 21 days
5 4
16) ---
8
of 40 mm. 17) ---
5
of £60 18) 7--8- of 64 metres
Exercise 3
Use a calculator to work out each of the following.
3 1 3 5
1) 7- of 154.7 metres 2) -8 of 22 metres 3) -4 of 25 metres 4) -7 of 14.7kg
2 7 3 5
5) -3 of 27.3kg 6) -9 of 129.87kg 7) -8 of 154 metres --- of 16.8 metres
8) 12
3 7 4 11
9) -7 of 2.45 metres 10) ---
15
- of 7.5 litres 11) -9 of 29.7 litres 12) ---
15
- of 97.5 litres
Exercise 4
1) If 1--4- of a number is 6, what is the number?
1
2) If ---
3
of a number is 12, what is the number?
1
3) 39 sweets are shared between two people. David gets ---
3
of them and Karen gets the
rest. How many do they each get?
2
4) ---
5
of the pupils in a school are girls and the rest are boys.
a) What fraction of the school are boys?
b) If there are a total of 900 pupils in the school, how many are boys?
3
5) Tom earns £250 per week. He calculates that -----
20
- of this is taken from him in tax. How
much tax will he pay?
6) A supermarket buys 240 cabbages. 3--4- of these are sold at their full price. The
remainder are reduced in price. How many are sold at full price?
3
7) At a football match, ---
8
of the crowd support Manchester United. The rest support
Chelsea. Altogether there are 60,000 people at the match. How many
a) Support Manchester United b) Support Chelsea?
17
Calculating Percentages
L.5
Exercise 1
Calculate each of the following without using a calculator
1) 50% of £6.80 2) 10% of £9.50 3) 25% of £8.00 4) 75% of £10.00
5) 75% of £16.20 6) 15% of £4.00 7) 15% of £6.40 8) 5% of £4.20
Exercise 2
Calculate each of the following without using a calculator
1) 8% of 700 2) 11% of 500 3) 17% of 400 4) 32% of 650
5) 47% of 900 6) 56% of 250 7) 65% of 620 8) 72% of 225
9) 83% of £16 10) 92% of £8 11) 43% of £12 12) 16% of £3.50
13) 87% of £14 14) 36% of £9.50 15) 45% of £4.40 16) 58% of £6.50
Exercise 3
Use a calculator to work these out
1) 17% of 33kg 2) 23% of 48kg 3) 78% of 97kg 4) 66% of 26 metres
5) 23% of 17 metres 6) 79% of 24 metres 7) 93% of 13.4 litres
8) 16% of 19.7 litres 9) 27% of 27.6 litres 10) 47% of 63.8 litres
11) 54% of 65.4kg 12) 97% of 53.2 metres 13) 43% of 240kg
Exercise 4
1) John sits an examination. There are 60 questions and he gets one mark for each
question he gets correct. The maximum mark he can get is 60. However, he is told
that his mark is 55%. How many questions did he get right?
2) In a plantation there are 2500 trees. 60% of them are coniferous. How many trees
are coniferous?
3) In a sale, all items are reduced in price by 20%. A TV normally costs £210. Calculate
a) The amount by which it is reduced in price.
b) Its new price.
4) Value Added Tax (VAT) is added to the cost of most things we buy. If the VAT on
items is 17.5%, calculate the tax added on to each of the following items.
a) a car costing £10,000 b) a bicycle costing £150 c) a game costing £20
5) a) Calculate 10% of £36, without using a calculator.

b) Use this to write down 5% of £36.
c) Use this to write down 2 1--- % of £36.
2
d) Use these values to calculate 17 1--- % of £36.
2
e) VAT of 17 1--- % is added on to the cost of a badminton racket. What is its final cost
2
if it costs £36 before VAT is added on?
18
Ratio and Proportion

L.5
1) A school has a total of 950 pupils. 400 pupils are boys and the rest are girls.
Complete the line below to show the ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls
Boys : Girls
.... : ....
2) In a competition there are 3 prize winners, 1st, 2nd and 3rd. The organisers have
£60 to spend on the prizes. They decide to split the money up in the ratio 3:2:1.
The 1st gets the most expensive prize and the 3rd gets the least expensive prize.
How much money is spent on each prize?
3) A length of wood is cut into two smaller lengths in the ratio 3:2.
The smaller length is 60cm long.
a) How long is the larger length?
b) What was the length of the original piece of wood?
4) Two local primary schools join forces to have a school fair. There are 300 pupils in
the first school and 400 in the second. They decide to share the proceeds in the
same ratio as the number of pupils in each school.
a) Which school gets the most money?
b) Complete this statement for the ratio of pupils at the schools.
school 1 : school 2
= 300 : 400
= 3 : .....
c) They make a profit of £350. How much money does each school get?
5) Miranda carries out a survey. She counts the different vehicles passing her school
over a period of one hour in the morning. The numbers of vehicles she counted were
15 Buses, 60 Vans, 75 Lorries and 150 Cars.
a) Complete this line to show the ratio of the number of vehicles.
Buses : Vans : Lorries : Cars
1 : .... : .... : ....
In the afternoon, she carries out another survey. This time the ratio of vehicles was
Buses : Vans : Lorries : Cars
1 : 3 : 5 : 7
b) Altogether 320 vehicles passed her in the afternoon. How many were vans?
19
Checking
L.5
1) 32 × 27 = 864
This can be estimated by rounding off each number to the nearest 10 then mentally
multiplying.
i.e. 30 × 30 = 900
457 × 72 can be approximated to 500 × 70 = 35,000 by rounding off to the nearest

100 and the nearest 10 then calculating mentally.
In the same way, estimate the size of each of these.

a) 22 × 34 b) 27 × 38 c) 58 × 32 d) 52 × 41 e) 103 × 47
f) 278 × 53 g) 481 × 26 h) 57 × 235 i) 84 × 237 j) 372 × 61
k) 540 × 61 l) 245 × 381 m) 178 × 226 n) 89 × 371 o) 372 × 95
This method of estimating can be used for checking whether an answer is of the
correct magnitude. In the estimates below, some are reasonable and some are
wrong. Check these by estimating their size. Which are wrong?
(i) 38 × 43 estimate 1600 (ii) 27 × 89 estimate 27,000

(iii) 103 × 43 estimate 8,000 (iv) 286 × 52 estimate 15,000
(v) 76 × 52 estimate 400 (vi) 324 × 56 estimate 1800
(vii) 56 × 94 estimate 5,400 (viii) 78 × 93 estimate 72,000
(ix) 33 × 543 estimate 15,000 (x) 184 × 86 estimate 18,000
2) Dividing can be done in a similar way but more estimates may have to be carried out.
e.g. 385 ÷ 7
Call this 400 ÷ 7
Estimate again and call it 400 ÷ 8 = 50
So 385 ÷ 7 gives an answer of about 50
In the same way, estimate these divisions.

a) 145 ÷ 8 b) 341 ÷ 7 c) 583 ÷ 6 d) 935 ÷ 4 e) 527 ÷ 9
f) 364 ÷ 12 g) 629 ÷ 16 h) 672 ÷ 24 i) 729 ÷ 14 j) 841 ÷ 37
k) 735 ÷ 46 l) 538 ÷ 63 m) 724 ÷ 21 n) 1753 ÷ 57 o) 1427 ÷ 83
Check which of these estimates are reasonable. Make a list of the wrong ones.
(i) 156 ÷ 7 estimate 60 (ii) 238 ÷ 8 estimate 50
(iii) 249 ÷ 11 estimate 25 (iv) 854 ÷ 19 estimate 45
(v) 673 ÷ 42 estimate 30 (vi) 736 ÷ 15 estimate 50
(vii) 643 ÷ 7 estimate 90 (viii) 732 ÷ 5 estimate 14
(ix) 528 ÷ 31 estimate 1.8 (x) 743 ÷ 6 estimate 120
20
Inverse Operations
L.5
1) Amy likes to check her work by doing inverse operations. This is what she does.
When she has done a subtraction like this
452 – 197 = 255
she does an inverse operation on it, like this
255 + 197 = 452
Check these subtractions by doing an inverse operation on them. Which are wrong?
a) 56 – 27 = 39 b) 53 – 29 = 34 c) 67 – 35 = 32
d) 123 – 45 = 72 e) 156 – 88 = 68 f) 374 – 94 = 280
g) 318 – 163 = 255 h) 251 – 135 = 216 i) 462 – 187 = 275
j) 512 – 351 = 161 k) 251 – 219 = 132 l) 542 – 315 = 223
2) When Amy checks a divide like this

1288 ÷ 56 = 23
she does a multiplication like this
56 × 23 = 1288
Check these divisions by doing the inverse operation on them. Which are wrong?
a) 208 ÷ 8 = 26 b) 238 ÷ 7 = 35 c) 423 ÷ 9 = 47

d) 420 ÷ 12 = 35 e) 893 ÷ 19 = 45 f) 874 ÷ 23 = 28
g) 1026 ÷ 18 = 57 h) 3393 ÷ 39 = 77 i) 1736 ÷ 31 = 56
j) 824 ÷ 8 = 113 k) 3150 ÷ 15 = 210 l) 4719 ÷ 33 = 143
In questions 3, 4 and 5 write down the calculation needed to check the answer.
3) Nigel has a piece of wood measuring 2.4 metres long. If he cuts off 90cm, what
length of wood is left?
4) Georgina buys 12 oranges for £2.76. How much does each orange cost?
5) Mr Green collects in the money for the school trip from the 27 pupils in his group.
He collects the same amount of money from each student which amounts to a total
of £148.50. How much does each pupil pay?
6) What two subtractions could Daniel be checking with this addition?

123 + 76 = 199
7) A piece of string is cut into 7 equal pieces. Rebecca does a calculation to find the
length of each piece. She checks the calculation with this multiplication
0.26 × 7 = 1.82 metres
How long, in centimetres, was each of the seven pieces of string?
21
Adding Letters
L.5
1) The perimeter of this rectangle is p = 2a + 2b
b b
Write down an expression for each of these perimeters.

In each case write down the expression in its simplest form
v
a) b) c) x
g
f f w w x x
g
x
v
p= p=
p=
2) The perimeter of this shape is p = 3a + 2b + c + d + e
a a
b b
c a
e
Write down expressions for the perimeters of these shapes.

In each case write down the expression in its simplest form.
a) s b) w w c) e
w f f
w
w
r f f
t x x f g
h
p= p= p=
22
Adding Letters and Numbers

L.5
1) The perimeter of this shape is p = a + b + 6.5
b
3
3.5
In the same way, write down the perimeters of these shapes.

Simplify each expression.
a) b) w c)
a h 6.2
w
b k
7 12
y
9
8 n 9.5
8
p= p= p=
2) This is a tile in the shape of an equilateral triangle.

Each of its sides measures d centimetres.
d d
The perimeter of this tile is d

p = 3d centimetres
Each of the following shapes are made up of these tiles.

Write down the perimeters of each of the shapes.
Ensure they are written in their lowest terms.
a) b)
c)
d)
23
Perimeters of Tiles
L.5
1) This is a square tile. The length of each side is x centimetres.
The perimeter (p) of the tile is p = 4x centimetres.
x
A number of these tiles are put together like this.
a) Write down the perimeter (p) of this shape.

p=
b) If the perimeter of this shape is 32 cm, use your answer to part a) to write down
an equation involving x.
c) Solve the equation to find the value of x.
2) This is a rectangular tile. Its length is twice as long as its width.
2y
y
The perimeter of this tile is p = 6y

A number of these tiles are put together like this
a) Write down an equation for the perimeter of this shape.

p=
b) If the perimeter of this shape is 260 centimetres, use your answer to part a) to
write down an equation involving y.
c) Solve the equation to find the value of y.
d) What are the dimensions of the tile?
24
Simplifying Expressions
L.5
1) Rewrite each of the following expressions in their simplest form.
The first one has been done for you.
a) 3a + 4a = 7a b) 7y + 2y c) 6x – 2x d) n + n
e) 3n + n f) 5p – p g) 12y – 3y h) m – m
i) 5s – 2s j) 4z – 4z k) 2 × a l) y ÷ y
m) p × p n) r × r × r o) z × 2 p) n + n + 3n
2) Rewrite each of the following expressions in their simplest form.

a) 3p + 3 + p + 2 b) 4r – 3 + 2r + 7 c) 5a + 7 – a + 4
d) 5b + 5 – 3b – 7 e) 5n + 4 – 3n – 2 f) 9k – 6 + 3k + 4
g) 5c + 6 – 3c + 7 h) 4d – 3 + 5d – 2 i) 5t + 4s – 3t + 6s
3) Look at these expressions then answer the questions about them.

n2 n÷n 2×n n+2 n–2
n
n3 2n 2n – n n ---
2
a) Which two always give the same answer as 3n – n ?
b) Which one always gives the same answer as 2 + n ?
c) Which one always gives the same answer as n × n × n ?
d) Which one always gives the same answer as n ÷ 2 ?
e) Which one always gives the answer 1?
f) Which one always gives the same answer as n × n ?
g) Which two always give the same answer as 3n – 2n ?
h) Which two always give the same answer as n + n ?
i) Which one always gives the same answer as x ÷ x ?
4) Look at these expressions.

n
n2 n÷n n3 2n 2n – n n ---
2
n+2 n×n×n n÷2 1 n×n 2+n n+n
Pairs of these will always give the same answer.
One pair is n3 and n × n × n
Write down all the other pairs.
25
Brackets
L.5
1) Calculate the value of each of the following.
a) 2(4 – 2) b) 3(2 + 7) c) 6(3 – 1) d) 6(5 + 2)
e) 7(3+1) f) 4(12 – 8) g) 4(5 – 6) h) 8(2 – 4)
i) 3(–2 + 1) j) 6(–3 – 2) k) 3(6 – 6) l) 2(5 – 7)
2) Look at these expressions.

a) 2(x – 1) b) 6x – 21 c) 2(3 + x) d) 6 + 2x
2 + 2x
e) x f) 3(2x – 7) g) 2x – 2 h) 3x
i) 6x – 2x2 j) 2x(3 – x) k) x(x + 2) l) 3(2x – x)
Which pairs will always give the same answer?
3) Write down expressions equal to these but without the brackets.

a) 2(x – 3) b) 5(2n – 6) c) 2(3x – 4) d) 3(3n – 5)
e) 6(4x + 3) f) 4y(2 + 3y) g) 2b(9 – b) h) 3c(2c + 7)
i) x(x + 4) j) 2f(3 – 2f) k) y(4 – 2y) l) 2x(3 – x)
4) Write down each of the following expressions in their simplest form.

a) (2x + 3) + (2x + 2) b) (4x + 5) + (2x – 3) c) (5y + 6) + (2y – 3)
d) (5a – 4) + (2a + 2) e) (3b – 4) + (2b + 6) f) (7a – 3) + (3a – 7)
g) (6d + 3x) + (4d – 2x) h) (3x – 4) + (4x – 3) i) (2y – 2x) + (3y + 3x)
j) (3x – 4) + (2x – 3) k) (4y – 3) + (3y – 2) l) (6x – 2) + (6 – 2x)
m) (6 – 3a) + (4a – 3) n) (3b – 7) + (2a – 4) o) (6 + 3b) + (2a – 5)
5) Write down these expressions in their simplest form without the brackets.
a) 6 – (– 3) b) 5 – (– 4) c) 7 – (– 9) d) 4 – (– 6)
e) 3x – (– 2x) f) 7y – (– 3y) g) 3a – (– 7a) h) 7b – (– 2b)
i) 4a – (– 3) j) 9 – (– 2b) k) 7 – (– 5b) l) 8 – (– 4y)
6) Simplify these as much as you can.

a) (3 + 2) – (1 – 4) b) (5 + 7) – (2 – 6) c) (3 + 4) – (1 – 8)
d) (1 + 5) – (2 + 3) e) (7 + 3) – (5 + 2) f) (3 + 4) – (8 + 5)
g) (–5 + 4) – (3 – 4) h) (7 + 3) – (–3 – 5) i) (5 – 3) – (–8 + 5)
j) (3 – 7) – (–3 + 5) k) (1 + 5) – (–1 – 4) l) (4 – 8) – (–4 + 2)
7) Simplify these as much as you can.

a) (5a + 2) – (3a + 2) b) (7x + 3) – (2x + 1) c) (4y + 5) – (y + 7)
d) (7b + 5) – (4b – 2) e) (9y + 4) – (4y – 3) f) (9x + 3) – (5x – 4)
g) (3b + 2) – (b – 5) h) (7y + 4) – (y + 5) i) (2a + 2) – (4a + 6)
j) (3 + 2y) – (1 – 4y) k) (5 + 4b) – (2 – 7b) l) (1 + 3y) – (4 – y)
26
Number Rules
L.5
In each of the following the last diagram shows the rule for the other two.
Complete the diagrams
a) 1 2 n
2 3 n+1
3 4 n+2
4 5 6 5 6 7
b) 2 4 6 n n+2
1 3 5
7 8
9
11
c)
2 8 3 12 n
4 14 10 6 15 2n
6 12 9
d)
2 4 3 6 n
8 12
16 24
64 16n
e)
2 17 n–6 n+9
5 14 10 19
8 11 13 n
27
Number Grids
L.5
1) Dewi investigates a number pattern. He puts a box around four numbers on the
number grid and adds them together.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
He enters all this information in the table shown below. The box highlights the
numbers 14, 15, 24 and 25. Copy this table and complete it.
1st number 2nd number 3rd number 4th number Sum of the numbers
14 15 24 25 78
28
66
97
126
n
2) Indira carries out the same type of investigation but she uses a T box to find her
numbers.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
She enters all the information in the table below. Copy this table and complete it.
1st number 2nd number 3rd number 4th number Sum of the numbers
22 23 24 33 102
27
61
80
107
n
28
Number Patterns
L.5
1) The diagram shows squares made from matchsticks.
1 Square 2 Squares 3 Squares

4 Matchsticks 7 Matchsticks 10 Matchsticks
a) How many matchsticks are needed to make 4 squares?

b) How many matchsticks are needed to make 10 squares?
c) Write in words how you calculate the number of matchsticks you need if you
know the number of squares.
d) Let s represent the number of squares and m the number of matchsticks.
Which of these shows the rule for calculating the number of matchsticks needed?
m = 4s + 1 m = 4s m = 3s + 1 m=s+3 m = 4s + 3
e) Use the rule to calculate the number of matchsticks needed to make 34 squares.
f) How many squares are made with 61 matchsticks?
g) If I have 75 matchsticks, how many squares can I make and how many
matchsticks are left over?
2) The diagram shows fences made from posts and rails.
2 posts 3 posts 4 posts

3 rails 6 rails 9 rails
a) How many rails are needed with 5 posts?

b) How many rails are needed with 10 posts?
c) Explain in words how you can calculate the number of rails needed if you know
the number of posts.
d) Let r represent the number of rails needed and p the number of posts.
Which of these shows the rule for calculating the number of rails needed?
r = 3(p – 1) r = 2(p – 1) r = 4(p – 1) r = 3p r = 3p – 1
e) Use the rule to calculate the number of rails needed with 25 posts.
f) How many posts are needed for a fence having 66 rails?
29
Negative Co-ordinates
L.5
1) a) Plot the points A(–4,1), B(–2,5), C(2,5), D(4,1), E(2,–3), F(–2,–3). The y axis
needs to go from –4 to 6 and the x axis from –5 to 5. Draw the shape.
b) What name is given to this shape?
c) Describe the vertical line of symmetry.
2) a) Plot the points A(2,2), B(3,5), C(6,4) and D(5,1). Both the axes needs to go from
–6 to 6. Draw the shape.
b) Reflect this shape about the y axis. Draw your result. What are the co-ordinates
of the corners of this new shape?
c) Reflect the first shape about the x axis. Draw your result. What are the
co-ordinates of this new shape?
3) Frank draws his initials on a sheet of square paper, as shown below. He also draws
the reflection of them about the x axis.
y
8
0
–12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 x
–2
–4
–6
–8
a) Draw the initials and their reflection.

b) What are the co-ordinates of the reflection of the letter T?
4) Three corners of a square are represented by the co-ordinates (–5,3), (1,2) and
(0,–4)
a) Plot these points.
b) What are the co-ordinates of the other point?
5) Three corners of a triangle are (–2,1), (1,2) and (–1,–2).

a) With an x axis of –7 to 4 and a y axis of –7 to 7, plot and draw the triangle.
These co-ordinates are multiplied by 3. The first becomes (–6,3)
b) What are the other two co-ordinates when multiplied by 3?
c) Show these three co-ordinates and sketch the triangle.
d) How many smaller triangles will fit into the larger one?
e) Draw these triangles in the larger one.
30
Angles
L.5
1) Measure each of these angles.
F
G
2) Draw these angles

a) 24o b) 37o c) 81o d) 94o e) 126o f) 154o
o
g) 175 h) 205o i) 233o j) 290o k) 314o l) 346o
31
Triangles
L.5
Calculate the size of the missing angle in each of these triangles.
b)
a) 52º
41º
61º
67º
c)
73º
49º
d)
68º
33º
e)
72º
26º
f) 76º
65º
g) 46º
107º
h)
i)
52º
67º
74º
65º
32
Angles at a Point
L.5
Calculate the sizes of the angles a to m below.
a 63º b
73º 67º
e
g 105º
81º
111º
50º
d c f
290º
i
81º j
54º
h
107º
63º
55º
77º
123º
l k
99º
42º
m
33
Drawings
L.5
Draw the following shapes full size.
Sector of a circle
42o
35o 44o 77o

8.5cm
Triangle 7.2cm
6.7cm 7.3cm
67o 57o
9.2cm 7.3cm
Parallelogram Rhombus
6cm 6cm
95o
120o 120o
6cm 6cm 6cm 6cm

120o 120o
58o
Kite Regular Hexagon
7.2cm 7.2cm
72o 72o
9.6cm
Trapezium
34
Making Shapes
L.5
1) Which of these shapes will fold to make a cube?
a) b) c)
d) e) f)
2) Which of these shapes will fold to make a cuboid?
a) b) c)
d) e) f)
3) The diagram shows the net of a cuboid.

a b
c d e
f
g h i
j l
k
m n
When it is folded to make the cuboid, corner j will touch corner m.
List the other corners that will touch.
35
Packages
L.5
1) The diagram shows part of the net of an hexagonal prism.
l m
k n
h i j o p q r
g f e d c b a
a) What is the shape of the missing side?
b) Which letters meet the corners of the missing shape?
2) This net will make a triangular prism when folded.
a
a) How many edges will the prism have?
b) Which corner will meet the when it is folded?
c) How many corners will the prism have?
3)
Which of the following nets will make this shape?
a) b) c) d)
36
Missing Blocks
L.5
In each of the pair of diagrams below, both shapes are the same but viewed from
different directions. The right hand view has two dark blocks missing. Put in the missing
dark blocks.
a)
b)
c)
d)
37
3-D Shapes
L.5
Each of the following pairs of diagrams show the same model viewed from different
directions. The diagram on the right is incomplete. Complete it.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
38
Enlargements
L.5
In each of the following, draw the shape enlarged. Make each diagram twice as
high, twice as long and twice as wide as the original.
a) b) c)
d) e) f)
g) h) i)
j) k) l)
39
Rotational Symmetry
L.5
1) In each of the following diagrams, draw on the lines of symmetry and write down its
order of rotational symmetry.
a) b) c) d)
e) f) g)
h) i) j)
k) l) m)
n) o) p)
40
Metric and Imperial Measure

L.5
1) Adam buys some petrol. He buys 25 litres and says that he has approximately
5 gallons.
Ellen buys 36 litres of petrol. She says that she has 8 gallons.
a) How many litres of petrol does Adam call a gallon?
b) How many litres of petrol does Ellen call a gallon?
2) Navin makes cakes. He uses this recipe from an old cook book.
10 ounces of butter
10 ounces of sugar
1 pound of flour
2 eggs
1
---
4
pint of milk
His needs to change these units into metric as he only has metric scales.
What measurements will he use?
3) Here are some distances between towns in miles. What would they be in kilometres?
Birmingham to Newcastle 210 miles
Aberystwyth to Norwich 290 miles
Edinburgh to London 390 miles
Belfast to Dublin 105 miles
4) Esther weighs 7 stone 12 pounds. She converts this into metric and gets 55kg.
a) How many pounds does she say makes 1 kilogram?
She decides to be more accurate. This time she gets an answer of 50kg.
b) How many pounds does she say make 1 kilogram this time?
5) Toby’s height is 5ft 4ins.

a) What is the approximate metric equivalent of 1 foot?
b) What is the approximate metric equivalent of 1 inch?
c) What is the approximate metric equivalent of 5ft 4ins?
6) Ashley goes to the supermarket to buy some potatoes for his mum. She says that
she wants 12lbs of potatoes. When he gets there he finds that they are sold in bags
of 2 1--2- kg, 5kg and 10kg. Which bag should he choose? Show all your calculations.
7) Milk is sold in 1, 2, 4 and 6 litre containers. Megan wants to buy 7 pints. Which size
container should she buy?
41
Estimating Measures
L.5
1) Complete each of the following statements, putting in an appropriate measurement.
a) The distance from Dundee to London is approximately 473 ... or 766 ...
b) The height of a desk is approximately 70 ...
c) Mr Pritchard’s weight is 105 ...
d) The length of time it takes Stuart to clean his teeth is about 150 ...
e) The weight of a tin of beans is 450 ...
f) Antonia’s swimming pool contains approximately 8,800 ... or 40,000 ... of water.
g) The length of the stem of a daffodil is 500 ...
h) A book is 17 ... thick.
i) The glass contains 180 ... of lemonade.
2) Complete each of the following statements by putting in an approximate value. You

are allowed a wide margin, so long as the answer makes sense.
a) The height of the classroom is approximately ... centimetres.
b) A glass contains about ... millilitres of orange squash.
c) A bucket contains about ... litres of water when full.
d) Mrs Douglas weighs ... kg. Her 14 year old daughter, Hester, weighs ... kg.
e) Alex filled up his bath with ... litres of water.
f) Janine lives about 2km from school. She walks home most days. It takes her about
... minutes. Sometimes her dad picks her up in the car. This time it takes her only
... minutes to get home.
g) A bottle contains 2 litres of lemonade. This will fill about ... glasses?
h) Martha lives in a house with a small front garden. She says that the distance from
the front door to the garden gate is ... metres.
i) Sam and his friends go into town by bus. They watch a film at the cinema, go to a
cafe for a drink then buy a CD. They then go home by bus. All this takes them
about ... hours
42
Area and Perimeter

L.5
1) Calculate the area and perimeter of these shapes.
a) 12cm b) 4cm c) 11.5cm
8cm
9cm
13cm
7cm
d)
9cm
e)
8cm
9cm
2cm 5cm
12cm
13cm
f) 14cm g) 5cm 4cm
6cm
10.5cm 9cm 10cm
14cm
6cm
2) A field is in the shape of a rectangle. It measures 94 metres by 221 metres.

a) What is its area in square metres?
b) If 10,000 square metres make 1 hectare, what is its area in hectares?
3) The driveway to a house has to be re-surfaced. The cost is £56 per square metre.
What is the cost for a drive measuring 16 metres by 5 metres?
4) A room measures 4 metres by 6 metres. Carpet costs £24 per square metre and
underlay costs £4.50 per square metre. Anna covers the floor with underlay first,
then carpet on top of it. What is the total cost?
5) Square wall tiles measure 10cm by 10cm. How many are needed to cover an area
of 1 square metre?
43
Mean
L.5
1) Calculate the mean value and the range of each of these sets of numbers.
a) 5, 6, 5, 7, 8, 4, 6, 5, 8, 4, 5, 3, 7, 9, 8
b) 1.2, 3.4, 2.3, 4.5, 2.8, 5.6, 4.5, 6.7, 8.1, 5.5
c) 345, 349, 340, 341, 346, 346, 345, 347, 349, 342, 339, 341, 338, 346, 346
2) Lizzie has to calculate the mean of these numbers

541, 548, 551 539, 548, 542, 543, 538, 546, 550, 540, 548, 542, 542, 548, 538
She says ‘Because the numbers are big and near to one another the average
can be calculated like this’
Starting with 540 she says the first is 1 above 540, the second is 8 above, the third
is 11 above, the next is 1 below and so on.
So she finds the sum of these differences like this
1 + 8 + 11 – 1 + 8 + 2 + 3 – 2 + 6 + 10 + 0 + 8 + 2 + 2 + 8 – 2 = 64
She says the average of the big numbers is 540 + the average of the differences
i.e. 540 + (64 ÷ 16) = 540 + 4 = 544
a) Asif now tries it with his numbers.
765, 768, 765, 769, 768, 762, 767, 764, 769, 770, 772, 764, 760, 768
He then makes a list of the differences from 760
5 + 8 + 5 + ........
Finish off Asif’s list and calculate the mean of the big numbers.
b) In the same way, calculate the mean of these numbers
601, 604, 608, 603, 604, 602, 603, 605, 601, 608
3) Helen played 5 games in a competition. Her mean score for the 5 games was 7.
a) What was her total score for the 5 games?
b) In her next game she scored 1. What was her new mean score for the 6 games?
c) There are 7 games in the competition. In order to qualify for the next round, her
average for all 7 games has to be greater than 7. What is the minimum score she
must get in the 7th game to qualify?
4) a) What is the mean and range of these numbers?

3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 5, 4, 6, 5
b) These numbers have a mean of 4 and a range of 3. Two of the numbers are
missing. What are they?
5, 3, 4, 3, ..., ...
44
Rainfall
L.5
The bar charts below show the annual rainfall for New York and Sydney
Annual rainfall of New York

14
12
10
8
Cms 6
j f m a m j j a s o n d
Months of the year
Annual rainfall of Sydney

14
12
10
8
Cms
6
j f m a m j j a s o n d
Months of the year
a) Which city is the wettest, New York or Sydney?

b) Which month is the wettest in New York?
c) Which month is wettest in Sydney?
d) Which city has the highest mean amount of rain per month? Explain how you
know without calculating it.
e) What is the range of the monthly rainfall for the year in New York?
f) What is the range of the monthly rainfall for the year in Sydney?
g) Which consecutive three months are the wettest in Sydney?
h) Which consecutive three months are the wettest in New York?
i) Which consecutive three months are the driest in Sydney?
j) Which consecutive three months are the driest in New York?
45
Youth Club
L.5
The diagrams below show the attendances at the junior and senior youth clubs.
Tuesday Youth Club

15
Number
of 10
Members
5
14 15 16 17 18
Age
Thursday Youth Club

15
Number
of 10
Members
5
11 12 13 14 15
Age
a) On what day is the senior youth club?

b) How many members attended the Tuesday youth club?
c) How many members attended the Thursday youth club?
d) What is the modal age of the members of the Tuesday youth club?
e) What is the modal age of the members of the Thursday youth club?
f) What is the range of the ages for each day?
g) What is the minimum age a member must be to be able to go to the senior
youth club?
h) Four fifteen year olds transfer to the senior youth club from the junior youth club.
What affect does this have on the mode and range of each club?
46
Moving
L.5
1) Stefan travels from his home to London by coach, a distance of 160 miles.
London
140
120
100
Distance
80
60
40
20
Home
7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00
Time
a) If he begins his journey at 7 o’clock, at what time does he arrive in London?
The coach makes two stops on the way.
b) (i) At what times does the bus stop? (ii) For how long do the stops last?
c) How far from home is Stefan when the bus makes the stops?
2) Two swimmers, Simon and Martin, compete in a 100m race. Their progress is shown
in the diagram below. Use the diagram to answer these questions.
100
Martin
80
Simon
60
Distance
(metres)
40
20
0 20 40 60 80
Time taken (seconds)
a) Which swimmer was in the lead first?
b) What happened at the 40 metre mark?
c) At what time did Martin take over the lead?
d) Who won and in what time? Give your answer correct to the nearest second.
47
Percentage Bars
L.5
1) The diagram shows how people in a town voted in two elections. One in 1997 and
the other in 2001.
100%
Key Political party
Labour
Conservative
50% Liberal Democrat
Others
0%
1997 2001
a) Which political party got the most votes in 1997?
b) Which political party got the most votes in 2001?
c) Which parties percentages of the votes were smaller in 2001 than in 1997?
d) What was the approximate Labour share of the votes in 1997?
e) Approximately by what percentage did the Labour share of the vote go down
between 1997 and 2001?
2) Jane and Helen both have an allotment where they grow vegetables. Both
allotments are the same size. The diagram below shows how they are divided up.
Key
Carrots
Jane
Potatoes
Cabbages
Helen Onions
Broccoli
0% 50% 100%
a) Who grows the most potatoes?

b) Who grows the most cabbages?
c) Approximately what percentage of Jane’s allotment is given over to carrots?
d) Approximately what percentage of Helen’s allotment is given over to broccoli?
e) The area of each allotment is 400 square metres. What area do each of them
allocate to potatoes?
48
Reading Pie Charts

L.5
1) Gina is in charge of the tuck shop. She sells crisps, sweets, fruit, juice and chocolate.
The pie chart below shows her sales for Monday.
Juice
Crisps
Chocolate
Sweets
Fruit
a) What did she sell most of?

b) What did she sell least of?
c) What two items did she sell equal amounts of?
d) Which item made up about 30% of her sales?
2) Clara surveys the cars in a car park. She writes down the colour of each car.
A
B
E C
When she represents these colours on a pie chart it looks like this. However she
has forgotten to put in the colour of the car.
She knows that one third of the cars are blue and a quarter are white. There are
the same number of black and red cars. The final area is a mixture which she
labels ‘others’.
a) Which area represents the ‘other’ colours?
b) Which areas represent the four colours of the cars?
c) If there were 30 white cars, how many cars were there altogether?
d) How many blue cars were in the car park?
49
Comparing Pie Charts

L.5
1) Robert lives near two farms. One is owned by Mr Williams and the other by
Mr Jones. As part of his school exams he does a survey of the trees on the
two farms. He shows his results on these two pie charts.
Farmer Williams Farmer Jones
Beech Oak
Oak Beech
Hawthorn Birch Hawthorn

Birch
Ash Ash
a) Which was the most common tree on both farms?

b) Robert’s friend David looks at the two charts. He says that he can tell from the
charts that farmer Jones has the greatest number of Ash trees. Explain why he is
wrong to say this.
c) Farmer Williams has more Beech trees than farmer Jones. What can you
say about the total number of trees farmer Williams has?
2) The local cinema has 5 screens. The pie charts show which films the public went to
see on Saturday and the following Monday. The same films were shown on both
days.
Saturday Monday
Screen 1 Screen 2 Screen 1
Screen 5 Screen 5 Screen 2
Screen 4 Screen 3
Screen 4
Screen 3
a) More people went to see the film at screen 5 on Saturday than Monday. What
does this tell you about the total number of people who went to the cinema on
these two days?
b) Screen 3 shows a children’s film. What do the diagrams tell you about the
number of people who go to see it?
50
Chances
L.5.
1) The number line represents the probability of something happening. Some words
and numbers have been left out. Make a copy of the line and put in the words and
numbers.
0.25 0.75 1
Impossible Even
Poor Certain 0 Good 0.5
2) A coin is tossed once. What is the probability of it coming down heads? Give your
answer as a fraction, decimal and a percentage.
3) Alan tosses a coin 10 times. He records his results. He gets 6 heads and 4 tails.
Nicola tosses the same coin and gets 4 heads and 6 tails.
David says that they should both have got 5 heads and 5 tails, so there is
something wrong with the dice.
Is David correct? Explain your answer.
4) Joel does a survey of the vehicles going down his high street.
These are his results.
Vehicle Number
Motorbike 3
Car 27
Bus 1
Bicycle 12
Lorry 2
Van 4
a) Which vehicle is most likely to go past next? Explain your answer.

b) Which vehicle is least likely to go past next? Explain your answer.
5) A bag contains 10 counters. 5 are green, 3 are red and 2 are white. Each counter
has an equal chance of being taken from the bag.
a) What is the probability of taking a red counter?
b) What is the probability of taking a green counter?
51
Taking a Chance
L.5
1) A bag contains 12 marbles. Five are red and seven are white.
The marbles are thoroughly mixed up and one is taken out at random.
a) What colour is the marble most likely to be?
b) What is the probability that it is red?
c) What is the probability that it is white?
d) Which is the largest fraction, the answer to part b or the answer to part c?
2) A dice has the numbers 1 to 6 on it.
Hugh says that the dots on opposite faces always add up to the same number.
a) What do the dots on opposite faces add up to?
b) The dice is rolled on the table. What is the probability of the number 4 being on the
top?
c) Explain why the probability of a 4 being on the top is the same as the probability
of a 3 being on the top.
d) Hugh plays a game where he wins if the dice shows a number greater than 2.
What is the probability that he wins?
3)
1
4
2
a) What is the probability of getting a 1 with this spinner?

b) What is the probability of getting a 3 with this spinner?
c) What is the probability of getting a 4 with this spinner?
d) What is the probability of getting a number less than 4?
e) What is the probability of getting a multiple of 2?
52
Spinners
L.5.
1) The diagram shows two spinners.
Spinner 1 Spinner 2
1 6 1
5
5 2
4 2
4 3
3
a) What is the probability of getting a 4 on spinner number 1?

b) What is the probability of getting a 4 on spinner number 2?
c) Which is more likely, getting a 5 on spinner 1 or getting a 5 on spinner 2?
Explain your answer.
2) David designs a spinner. He has to use the numbers 1 to 4. The spinner has 8 sides.
4 4
He must obey the following rules.

a) It is more likely to spin a 4 than a 3.
b) 3 and 2 have an equally likely chance.
c) 4 is 3 times more likely than 1.
d) 3 is twice as likely as 1.
Complete the spinner for David.
3) John has two spinners, both with the numbers 1, 2, and 3 on. He spins both together
and adds together the results.
Spinner 1 Spinner 2
2 3 2 3
1 1
The table below shows his results
Spinner 1
+ 1 2 3
1 2 3 4 a) How many different outcomes are there?
Spinner 2 b) What is the probability of getting a total of 6?
2 3 4 5
c) What is the probability of getting a total of 5?
3 4 5 6 d) What is the probability of getting a total of 4?
53
Take a Card
L.5
1) Joanne and Bob both have 3 cards.
Joanne’s cards Bob’s cards
1 1 2 2 2 3
They each shuffle their cards and select one at random. They then add together the
numbers on the two cards.
The table below shows the results that can be obtained.
Bob’s
cards
+ 2 2 3
1 3 3 4
Joanne’s
cards 1 3 3 4
2 4 4 5
For example. If Bob gets a 2 and Joanne gets a 1 then their result will be 3.
a) What is the probability that their result is 3?
b) What is the probability that their result is 5?
c) What is the probability that their result is less than 5?
Complete these two sentences
d) The probability that the result is greater than .... is 5--9- .
e) The probability that the result is less than .... is zero.
f) Bob says ‘The result can only be 3, 4 or 5. This means that the probability of
getting a 4 is 1--3- .’ Explain why Bob is wrong.
2) Alan has 8 cards numbered 1 to 8.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
He shuffles the cards and places them face down on a table, like this.
a) What is the probability that the first card in the row is the number 4?
b) What is the probability that the last card in the row is less than 6?
c) What is the probability that the 4th card along has the number 4 on it?
54
Different Outcomes
L.5
1) Damian rolls a fair dice. He wants to check the probability of the number 3 appearing
on the top of the dice.
a) What is the theoretical probability that the number 3 appears on the top of the
dice?
He writes down the number which appears on the top of the dice. He does this
60 times.
b) How many times would you expect the dice to show a number 3?
Damian wants to calculate the probability of the 3 appearing on the dice by using the
experimental data he gets.
c) How should he do this?
d) He finds that the 3 appears 9 times. What is the probability he calculates?
Dawn says that she can get a more accurate answer by doing the experiment
600 times.
e) How many times would you expect the dice to show a number 3?
f) She finds that the 3 appears 96 times. What is the probability she calculates?
g) Whose value is closest to the theoretical value, Damian’s or Dawn’s? Explain
your answer.
2) Leslie carries out an experiment. He counts the number of lorries and the total
number of vehicles that pass his school. After every half hour he puts his figures
onto a table. This is his table
Half hour Number of Number of Probability

lorries vehicles of a lorry
1st 9 150 0.06
2nd 11 110
3rd 13 104
4th 21 140
5th 8 125
He uses the numbers he gets to calculate the probability that the next vehicle to
pass will be a lorry. He puts this down in the final column.
a) How does he calculate this probability?
b) Calculate the other probabilities.
Angela says that she can calculate the probability for the whole table.
She does this and gets 0.0985691 on her calculator.
c) How does she calculate this probability?
d) She says that the probability that the next vehicle to pass will be a lorry is
about 0.1. Is she correct? Explain your answer.
55
Trial and Improvement

L.6
1) Gareth wants to make two broaches, one circular and one square. They have to be
the same area. The circular broach has a diameter of 3.2cm.
x
3.2cm
a) Calculate the area of the round broach, correct to the nearest square centimetre.
b) Gareth knows that the area of the square broach is x × x square centimetres.
(x is the length of one side of the square in centimetres)
He begins to calculate its length like this
Length of side Area of square
2cm 4cm2 Too small
3cm 9cm2 Too large
2.5cm
Finish off his calculations. Give your answer correct to the nearest millimetre.
Explain why you chose this value.
2) Jack wants to calculate a solution to the equation x2 = x + 5.

These are some of his calculations.
Finish them off, finding an answer correct to 1 decimal place.
Explain why you chose this value
x x2 x+5 Difference
2 4 7 3
2.2 4.84 7.2 2.36
2.4
2.6
2.7
56
Negatives
L.6
1) Two numbers multiplied together make –20.
If one of the numbers is 5 what is the other?

If one of the numbers is –4 what is the other?

If the numbers make 1 when added, what are the numbers?

If the numbers make 8 when added, what are the numbers?
5) The square of 7 is 49.

The square of another number is also 49. What number is it?
6) In each of the questions below, use one of these eight cards to complete it.
+4 –5 +6 –7
–8 +1 –3 0
a) +4 – = 3
b) –3 – = –4
c) +6 – = 2
d) +1 – = –5
e) –8 + +4 – = –4
f) –7 – –5 – = 1
g) +1 + –7 – = 1
57
Fraction Problems
L.6
1 2
1) Tara earns £140 per week. She spends ---
5
of it on food and ---
5
on rent.
a) How much does she spend on food?
b) How much does she spend on rent?
2) Edwin and Polly share a job. The total pay for the job is £250 per week. They are
paid according to the amount of time they work. Edwin works for 24 hours and Polly
works for 16 hours.
a) What fraction of the week did Edwin work?
b) What fraction of the week did Polly work?
c) How much per week is Edwin paid?
d) How much per week is Polly paid?
3) Nicholas earns £320 per week. He has an increase in pay of £20.

a) What is his pay rise as a fraction of his old wages?
Louisa also has a pay rise of £20. Her new wage is £380.
b) What is her pay rise as a fraction of her old wages?
3
4) Harriet has 400 beads, all of the same shape. ---
8
of them are blue and the remainder
are red.
a) What fraction of the beads are red?
b) How many red beads has she?
5) Matthew travels by coach to Prague in the Czech Republic. On the first day he
travels 700 kilometres, and on the second day he travels 800 kilometres.
a) What is his total journey?
b) What fraction of the journey did he do on the first day?
c) What fraction of the journey did he do on the second day?
Matthew travelled back home along the same route. This time he took three days.
2
On the first day he completed ---
5
of the journey. On the second day he completed a
1
further ---
3
of the journey.
d) What fraction of the journey did he do on the third day?
e) How many kilometres did he do on each of the three days?
6) A large tank will hold 8,000 litres of water when full.

3
a) If it is only -----
16
- full, how much water is in it?
A further 2,500 litres are added to the tank.

b) What fraction of the tank is now full?
9
Oliver has to put more water into the tank until it is ------
10
full.
c) How much more water will he put into it?
58
Percentage Calculations
L.6
1) Naomi counts 550 flowers in her garden. 18% of them are blue and the remainder
are red.
a) What percentage of the flowers are red?
b) How many red flowers are in the garden?
2) Alice earns £250 per week. She spends 15% of it on food and 35% on rent.
a) How much does she spend on food?
b) How much does she spend on rent?
She has an increase in pay of £15.
c) What is her pay rise as a percentage of her wages?
Her friend Kim also has a pay rise of £15. Her new wage is £215.
d) What is her pay rise as a percentage of her old wages?
3) Brian and Ruth win £600 on a lottery. They agree to share the money according
to the amount of money they spent on the ticket. Brian’s share of the ticket was 55p
and Ruth’s share was 45p.
a) What percentage of the ticket price did Brian pay?
b) What percentage of the ticket price did Ruth pay?
c) How much of the prize will Brian get?
d) How much of the prize will Ruth get?
4) Victor travels by coach to Rome. On the first day he travels 600 kilometres,
and on the second day he travels 900 kilometres.
a) What is his total journey?
b) What percentage of the journey did he do on the first day?
c) What percentage of the journey did he do on the second day?
Victor travelled back home along the same route. This time he took three days.
On the first day he completed 28% of the journey. On the second day he completed a
further 35% of the journey.
d) What percentage of the journey did he do on the third day?
e) How many kilometres did he do on each of the three days?
5) A library has 11,000 books when full.

a) 15% of the books are in the travel section. How many is this?
A further 5,500 books are in the fiction section.
b) What percentage of the books are in the fiction and travel sections combined?
On a particular day Alan the librarian estimates that 18% of the books are out on
loan.
c) How many books are left in the library?
59
Fractions, Decimals and Percentages

L.6
1) Change the following decimals into percentages.
a) 0.8 b) 0.4 c) 0.7 d) 0.65 e) 0.74 f) 0.94 g) 0.345
h) 0.05 i) 0.532 j) 0.043 k) 0.021 l) 0.030 m) 0.063 n) 0.904
2) Change each of the following percentages into fractions. Simplify the fractions.
a) 50% b) 60% c) 75% d) 25% e) 33 1--- %

3
f) 66 2--- % g) 15% h) 45% i) 35% j) 72%
3
k) 91% l) 24% m) 64% n) 62 1--- % o) 57 1--- %
2 2
3) Change the following fractions into decimals

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a) --- b) --- c) --- d) --- e) ------ f) --------
- g) --------- h) ------
2 4 5 8 10 100 200 50
4) Change each of these fractions into (i) decimals and (ii) percentages
2 3 3 3 3 1 1 2
a) ---
5
b) --- c) ---
4
d) ------ e) --------
- f) --- g) ------ h) ------
5 10 100 4 40 10
7 3 9 3 3 13 1 23
i) ------ j) ------ k) ------ l) --- m) ------ n) ------ o) ------ p) ------
10 20 20 8 40 20 25 25
5) In each of the following, four of the values are equal to each other. Which are they?
7 7 3
a) ------ 0.375 ------ 0.720 --- 37 1--- %
10 20 8 2
17
71% ------ 38% 56% 0.3750 27%
20
3 3
b) --- 0.035 37% --- 73% 0.731
5 7
1 1
65% 0.600 ------ 60% 0.6 ---
60 6
2 27
c) --- 0.071 0.27 --------- 0.654 27%
7 100
54 6 7
--------- 54% 0.876 0.027 ------ 2 -----
-%
200 54 10
3 6
d) 63% ------ 0.603 ------ 36% 0.72
16 13
9 18
------ 0.925 0.036 0.36 ------ 40%
25 50
6) In each of the following, calculate which fraction is the larger.

1 3 1 11 3 4 7 9
a) --- and ------ b) --- and --------
- c) ------ and ------ d) ------ and ------
7 20 9 100 17 25 16 20
60
Ratios
L.6
1) Ewan has to do a survey of the trees in a plantation. He counts them and these are
his results
Oak 15, Ash 45, Beech 60 and Horse Chestnut 90
He writes these down as ratios
Oak Ash Beech Horse Chestnut
1 ...... ...... ......
a) Complete the line of ratios.
Ewan cuts down 10 Oak, 15 Ash, 25 Beech and 35 Horse Chestnut trees.
b) Complete the new line of ratios.
Oak Ash Beech Horse Chestnut
1 ...... ...... ......
c) What percentage of the trees are now Beech?
2) Duncan works in a kiosk selling drinks, ice cream and sweets. On a warm day in
June he finds that 60% of his sales are for drinks, 25% are for ice cream and the rest
are for sweets.
a) Complete the ratios below
Sweets : Ice Cream : Drinks
3 : .... : ....
The next day is colder. He finds that his sales of drinks are down by 3--4- , his sales of
ice cream are down by 1--5- and his sales of sweets remain the same.
b) Complete this ratio line for the second day.
Sweets : Ice Cream : Drinks
3 : .... : ....
c) What percentage of his sales on the second day are for drinks?
3) Sally carries out a survey. She counts the different vehicles that pass her school
during half an hour in the morning. These were her results.
50 cars, 20 lorries, 10 vans and 5 buses.
a) Complete the line below to show the ratio.
Buses : Vans : lorries : Cars
1 : .... : .... : ....
She does a second survey in the afternoon. This time the number of buses remains
the same, the number of vans increase by 50%, the number of lorries decrease
by 50% and the number of cars increase by 30%
b) What is the total number of vehicles passing Sally over the second period?
c) Complete this line to show the ratios for the second survey.
Buses : Vans : lorries : Cars
1 : .... : .... : ....
61
Adding and Subtracting Fractions

L.6
1) Add and subtract these fractions.
1 1 1 3 1 1 1
a) ---
2
+ ---
4
b) ---
2
+ ---
4
c) ---
2
– ---
4
d) 1 + ---
4
e) 1 + 1 1--4- f) 2 1--4- – 1 1--4- g) 1 1--4- – 3

---
4
h) 3
---
4
+ 3
---
4
i) 1 3--4- – 3
---
4
j) 2 1--4- – 1 1--2- k) 4 1--2- + 2 1--4- l) 3 3--4- + 2 1--4-
m) 6 1--4- – 2 1--2- n) 2 1--2- – 1 3--4- o) 1 3--4- + 3 1--2- p) 3 1--2- – 2 3--4-

3 1 3 4 3 4 3 2
a) ---
5
+ ---
5
b) -----
10
- + ------
10
c) ---
8
+ ---
8
d) ---
6
+ ---
6
2 1 1 6 9 2 7 2
e) ------
20
+ ------
20
f) ------
10
+ ------
10
g) ------
10
– ------
10
h) ------
16
– ------
16
5 2 7 3 8 4 6 7
i) ------
12
+ ------
12
j) ------
15
– ------
15
k) ------
21
– ------
21
l) ------
18
+ ------
18
14 7 13 3 14 3 7 2
m) ------
24
– ------
24
n) ------
17
+ ------
17
o) ------
15
– ------
15
p) ------
10
+ ------
10
3) Cancel down these fractions into their lowest terms.

3 3 2 4 4 5 12 7 10 15 15
a) ---
9
b) ------
12
c) ---
8
d) ---
8
e) ------
20
f) ------
20
g) ------
24
h) ------
21
i) ------
15
j) ------
36 k) ------
50
4) Change these pairs of fractions into fractions having the save denominator.
4 4 3 1 5 4 1 4
a) ------
20
and ---
5
b) ------
12
and ---
6
c) ------
15
and ---
5
d) ---
2
and ---
5
3 1 2 3 4 3 2 2
e) ---
4
and ---
5
f) ---
7
and ---
4
g) ---
9
and ---
6
h) ------
12
and ---
9
2 1 5 4 7 2 3 5
i) ------
11
and ---
3
j) ---
7
and ------
21
k) ------
10
and -----
5
l) ------
16
and ------
12
5) Add together these pairs of fractions (simplify wherever necessary)

1 4 1 3 5 1 3 1 1 3
a) ------
15
+ ---
5
b) --- + --- c) --- + --- d) ------ + --- e) --- + ------
8 4 9 3 10 4 8 20
7 1 1 1 6 1 7 1 3 1
f) ------
15
+ ---
3
g) ------ + --- h) ------ + --- i) --- + ------ j) --- + ---
14 7 20 4 8 12 7 4
6) Subtract these pairs of fractions (simplify wherever necessary)

11 1 9 1 17 1 7 1 6 1
a) ------
15
– ---
5
b) ------ – --- c) ------ – ----- d) --- – ------ e) --- – ---
14 7 20 0 8 16 7 2
13 1 17 3 5 1 7 1 5 3
f) ------
15
– ------
20
g) ------ – --- h) --- – --- i) ------ – --- j) --- – ------
18 4 9 4 10 2 6 20
62
More Fractions
L.6
1) Add together these pairs of fractions.
Write down your answers in their simplest form
11 3 9 1 11 3 7 3
a) ------
20
+ ---
5
b) ------ + --- c) ------ + --- d) --- + ------
10 5 20 5 8 16
4 + 3--- 4 13 17 1
e) --- f) ---
5
+ ------
20
g) ------ + --- h) 5--- + 1---
7 4 20 4 7 2
6 3 7 13 9 5 7 3
i) ------ + --- j) ------ + ------ k) ------
15
+ ---
6
l) ------ + ---
11 4 10 25 12 4
13
5
m) ------ + 2--- 9
n) ------ + 1--- o) 5
--- + 9
------ p) ----- - + 1---
11 3 10 2 8 16 15 3
11
q) ------ + 3--- 9 3
r) ------ + --- s) 5
--- + 7
------ t) 5
--- + 2
---
14 7 20 4 8 12 9 3
a) 1 11
------ +
15
2
---
5
9
b) 1 -----
- –
3
---
9
c) 1 -----
- +
2
--- d) 1 7--- – 5
------
20 5 20 5 9 18
3 7
e) 2 4--- – 1
--- f) 2 ---
5
+ ------
20
g) 2 13
------ –
1
--- h) 2 5--- + 1---
5 4 20 2 6 2
7
i) 3
2 -----
- + 2 1--- j) 7
2 -----
- – 1 13
------ k) 2 -----
12
- + 2 1--6- l) 2 5--- – 1 3---
11 4 20 40 6 5
2
4
m) ----- 1
- + 3 ---
9
n) 3 ----- 1
- – 2 --- o) 2 3--- – 7
------ p) 6 ---
5
+ 2 2--3-
11 3 14 7 8 16
q) 2 11 3
------ – 1 --- r) 5 11
------ +
1
---
7
s) 3 ----- 7
- + 3 ------ 5 – 1 1---
t) 4 -----
-
15 5 20 4 10 15 11 2
3
3) Fill in the missing numbers in the following. All the answers are --- .
8
..... – 1
8
1 + .....
8
1
116 – .....
= 3 1 – .....
8
2 1 – .....
2
1
..... + 3 16 + .....
16
1 + .....
4
63
Numbers for Letters

L.6
1) Mrs Wilson sells plants and trees at her roadside stall. Plants are sold for £3 each
and the trees for £5 each. She uses the equation T = 3x + 5y to calculate the total
amount of money she earns during one day. x represents the number of plants sold
and y represents the number of trees sold.
a) On one day she sold 17 plants and 11 trees. Calculate how much money she
earned.
b) Calculate the amount of money she earns if she sells 7 trees and 15 plants.
c) On another day she sold 20 plants and earned £90. Calculate how many trees
she sold.
d) On the next day she earned £100 and sold 5 trees. Calculate how many plants
she sold.
2) a) If T = 3x + 7y calculate T when x = 4 and y = 6

b) If T = 4x + 6y calculate T when x = 7 and y = 9
c) If T = 9x + 3y calculate T when x = 9 and y = 11
d) If T = 7x + 4y calculate T when x = 20 and y = 32
e) If T = 2x + 5y calculate x when T = 19 and y = 3
f) If T = 4x + 3y calculate x when T = 38 and y = 6
g) If T = 4x + 7y calculate y when T = 50 and x = 2
h) If T = 5x + 10y calculate y when T = 105 and x = 5
3) a) If T = 4x – 3y calculate T when x = 5 and y = 2

b) If T = 5x – 2y calculate T when x = 2 and y = 3
c) If T = 9x – 5y calculate T when x = 5 and y = 6
d) If T = 5x – 5y calculate T when x = 23 and y = 19
e) If T = 7x – 2y calculate x when T = 12 and y = 1
f) If T = 5x – 3y calculate x when T = 35 and y = 5
g) If T = 5x – 7y calculate y when T = 11 and x = 5
h) If T = 10x – 10y calculate y when T = 30 and x = 7
4) The formula for calculating the area of a circle is A = πr2. ‘A’ represents the area,
‘r’ represents the radius of the circle and π = 3.142. Calculate -
a) the value of A when r = 4
b) the value of A when r = 5.23
c) the value of r when A = 113.112
d) Phoebe gets a value of 13.684 for A when r = 2. When she checks it she finds that
it is wrong. What is her mistake and what should the answer be?
64
Multiplying a Bracket by a Bracket

L.6
1) The area of this rectangle is (n + 5) × (n + 2) cm2
n cm 5cm
n cm Area
Area = ......
=......
2cm Area Area = ......

= n cm2
2
It is split up into four smaller rectangles. The area of one of these rectangles has
been written down.
a) What are the areas of the other three small rectangles?
b) The total area of the large rectangle is the sum of these smaller rectangles.
What is the sum of the areas of the four smaller rectangles? Write down your
answer in it’s simplest form.
c) What is (n + 5)(n + 2) when multiplied out?
2) This rectangle measures (n + 7)cm by (n + 4)cm.

n cm 7cm
n cm
4cm
a) Write down the areas of the four smaller rectangles.

b) Add together these four areas and simplify your answer.
c) Complete this equation (n + 7)(n + 4) = ...
3) In each of the following, draw rectangles to represent the two expressions.

Use the diagrams to calculate the area of the large rectangle.
Simplify your answer to find the product of the two expressions.
a) (n + 3) and (n + 6)
b) (n + 10) and (n + 2)
c) (2n + 3) and (n + 2)
d) (3n + 5) and (n + 1)
65
Finding the Missing Expression

L.6
1) Each of these expressions has been simplified. Part has been left out each time.
Write down what is missing.
a) 2a + 5 + ... = 2a + 6 b) 6d + 7 + ... = 6d + 10 c) 7a + 5 – ... = a + 5
d) 4x – 3 +... = 4x + 7 e) 5y – 6 + ... = 7y – 6 f) 3x + 6 – ... = 3x + 5
g) 5p + 5 – ... = 5 – 2p h) 7r + 3 – ... = 3 + 3r i) 6f – 5 – ... = –5 – f
j) 6g – 6 + ... = 6g + 3 k) k + 5 – ... = 5 – k l) 3m – 4 – ... = –4 – m
2) Fill in the blanks in each of the following. The first has been done for you.
a) 5a + 4 = 2a + ..... Answer is 2a + 3a + 4
b) 7b + 5 = 3b + ..... c) 5y + 7 = 2y + ..... d) 7x + 6 = 4x + .....
e) 5y – 6 = 2y – 2 + ..... f) 7c – 5 = 4c + ..... g) 7w – 4 = w + 1 + .....
h) 3c + 2 = 4c – 2 + ..... i) 5w + 7 = 3w + ..... j) 4s – 3 = s + .....
k) 4x + 3 = 5x + ..... l) 3y – 5 = 4y – ..... m) 6a – 5 = 9a – .....
3) Write down an expression for each of the missing lengths in each of these
rectangles.
Write down each expression as simply as possible.
a) b) 3a – 7
3d + 4
3p – 6 d+2
2p + 5
3d – 5
......
......
2d – 1 ......
...... 2a – 4
c) 4x + 1 d)
4m + 7
5y
2n – 1
7y – 2 3n
......
......
x+2 ......
m+7 ......
66
Making Magic Squares

L.6
1) This is a rule for working out magic squares.
a) Check that each line, column and diagonal will give 3n.
n+3n–2 n–1 n + 3 + n – 2 + n – 1 = 3n
n–4 n n+4
n + 1n + 2 n – 3
This magic square shows the numbers when n = 5.
8 3 4 = 15
1 5 9
6 7 2
Check that each line, column and diagonal adds up to 15.

b) What are the numbers in a magic square when n = 7?
c) Make up some of your own magic squares using this rule.
2) This is another rule for magic squares.

a) Complete all the small squares in terms of n
n+4 n + 1 + n + 4 + n – 5 = 3n
n–6 n
n+5 n–1
b) Use the rule above to complete these magic squares
18
12 10
10
3) Using the ideas you have gained from questions 1 and 2, invent a rule to calculate
a 3n magic square.
67
Tiling Patterns
L.6
1) These patterns are made from grey and white square tiles.
1st pattern 2nd pattern 3rd pattern 4th pattern
1 grey
2 white 2 grey
4 white 3 grey
6 white 4 grey
8 white
a) In this sequence, by how many does the grey tile increase each time?
b) By how many does the white tile increase each time?
c) How many tiles will be needed for the 8th pattern?
d) How many white tiles will be needed for the nth pattern?
2) These patterns are made from grey and white triangular tiles.
1st pattern 2nd pattern 3rd pattern
a) In this sequence, by how many tiles do the grey tiles increase each time?
b) By how many do the white tile increase each time?
c) How many tiles will be needed for the 8th pattern?
d) How many tiles will be needed for the nth pattern?
e) A pattern has 78 white tiles in it. How many grey tiles will it have?
3) These patterns are made from square and octagonal tiles.

1st pattern 2nd pattern 3rd pattern
a) In this sequence, by how many does the octagonal tile increase each time?
b) By how many does the square tile increase each time?
c) How many octagonal tiles will be needed for the 8th pattern?
d) How many square tiles will be needed for the 8th pattern?
e) How many octagonal tiles will be needed for the nth pattern?
f) How many square tiles will be needed for the nth pattern?
g) What is the total number of tiles needed for the nth pattern?
68
Equations of Parallel Lines

L.6
1)
y
A
12
10
B
8
C
D
6
2
E
0 x
–4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
–2
–4
The equation which represents line A is y = x + 10

What are the equations of the other lines?
2)
y
A
12
B
10
C
8
D
6
4
E
2
0 x
–4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
–2
–4
3
The equation of line A is y = --- x + 9
2
What are the equations of the other lines?
69
Graphs of Equations
L.6
1) y
C
12
10
B
8
F
6
A D E
4
0 x
–4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
–2
–4
Which line has the equation

3
a) y = --- x – 4 b) x = 12 c) y = x + 4
2
1
d) y = --- x + 8 e) x = – 4 f) y = 8
4
2) y
12
10
0 x
–4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
–2
X
–4
The diagram shows a rectangle with one of its diagonals.

a) What are the equations of the four sides of the rectangle?
b) What is the equation of the diagonal?
c) Draw a line parallel to this diagonal through the point X.
d) What is the equation of this line?
70
Viewing Shapes
L.6
1) The diagram shows a shape made from 3 white and 3 red cubes.
D
A
B
The diagrams below are views from the four directions A, B, C and D. Which is which?
a) b) c) d)
2) This shape is made from four red cubes and 4 1--2- white cubes.
A
B
D C
Three views are shown from three different directions. One view is missing.
(i) (ii) (iii)
a) Which views are shown?

b) Draw the view which is missing.
c) Two of the diagrams below show a view looking down on the top of the shape.
Which are they?
i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi)
71
Drawing T’s
L.6
Complete the drawings for these transformations.
a) T1 is reflected across the line Y-Y to make T2. Complete T2.
1
b) T3 is rotated ---
4
of a turn to make T4. Complete T4.
1
c) T4 is rotated ---
4
of a turn to make T5. Complete T5.
d) T5 is reflected across the line X-X to make T6. Complete T6.
T1 T2
T3
T4
T5
X X
T6
72
Properties of Quadrilaterals
L.6
In each of the following shapes calculate the sizes of the unknown angles.
1) 2) 3)
50º b
145º
a
In this tile, all

Four identical square
tiles are put together. four sides are of
equal length
In this shape, opposite
sides are parallel and
equal in length and
4)
corner angles are 90º
140º
a
5) a
b 109º
In this shape, all four sides
are equal in length
b 62º
The top and bottom sides of this

6) quadrilateral are parallel
b 55º
a
49º
The opposite sides of this

quadrilateral are parallel b
90º
7) This shape is made from three a
identical white tiles and three
identical grey tiles. All the sides
of the tiles are equal in length.
73
Angles of Polygons
L.6
1) The diagram shows a number of polygons.
Use these polygons to complete this table. The first two lines have been done.
Diagram Number Number of Sum of

name of sides triangles x × 180º interior
x angles
Triangle 3 1 180º 180º
Quadrilateral 4 2 360º 360º
5
6
7
8
9
n
2) In a regular polygon, all the interior angles are equal.
a) Mary knows what the sum of the interior angles of her regular polygon are. What
does she have to do to calculate one of the interior angles?
b) If a regular polygon has n sides, what is the rule for calculating one of the
interior angles?
c) Calculate the interior angles of these regular polygons.
(i) Hexagon (ii) Octagon (iii) Decagon
74
Symmetry of Polygons
L.6
1) The diagram shows 5 regular polygons. The hexagon has all of its lines of symmetry
shown.
Complete the table below for other regular polygons.
Name of regular
Lines of symmetry Order of rotational
polygon symmetry
Hexagon 6 6
Square
Equilateral triangle
Octagon
Heptagon
Pentagon
2) Three regular polygons are shown below. Each diagram shows two lines of
symmetry and the exterior angle is marked.
(i) (ii) (iii)
180° ( n – 2 )
a) Use the rule x = ---------------------------- to calculate the interior angle for each shape.
n
b) Use this angle to help calculate the three other angles marked. In each case explain
how you do the calculation.
75
Intersecting and Parallel Lines

L.6
In questions a to f calculate the sizes of the marked angles
a) b)
f g
a 56º
b c
d
e 118º
c)
j
i d)
h m
o
47º
67º l
71º
k n
e) f)
68º r
t
p s
q
106º 35º
51º
g) A h)
a b e f
d c h g
D E
i j m n
l k p o
B C
(i) Which angle is vertically opposite
(i) Which angle corresponds with to angle a?
(ii) What property do vertically opposite
angle AED?
(ii) Which angle is the corresponding angles have?
(iii) Which angle is the alternate angle
angle to ADE?
to angle d?
(iii) What can you say about these
(iv) What can you say about these
corresponding angles?
alternate angles?
76
Computer Instructions
L.6
1) The diagram below shows a quadrilateral.
120º
25
21 94º
24
Start
14
110º
The instructions for drawing this are as follows

FORWARD 21
TURN RIGHT 120
FORWARD 25
TURN RIGHT 94
FORWARD 24
TURN RIGHT ....
FORWARD ....
a) Complete the instructions by filling in the final two numbers
b) Write instructions for drawing a similar quadrilateral with sides double those of the
first one.
2) Emily wants to use the computer to draw this triangle. Two of the interior angles are
shown.
a
50º
5 9.9
100º
s
7.8
b
a) What are the sizes of the exterior angles marked a and b?

b) Write a program, beginning at point s, which will draw this shape.
c) Write a program which will draw an equilateral triangle with sides of 6cm.
77
Drawing an Octagon
L.6
The diagram below shows a regular octagon.
10
x
Start
a) What is the size of the exterior angle x?

b) Lewis has to draw this shape onto a computer. This is how he starts. Finish it off.
FORWARD 10
TURN RIGHT ....
FORWARD 10
TURN RIGHT ....
FORWARD 10
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
........................
Nicole says that these instructions can be made easier by using a repeat instruction.
REPEAT 8 [FORWARD 10, TURN RIGHT ....]
c) Complete these instructions.

d) What will these instructions draw?
REPEAT 6 [FORWARD 10, TURN RIGHT 60]
e) What instructions will Nicole write down to draw an equilateral triangle with sides
of 10 cm?
f) What instructions will Nicole write down to draw a square with sides of 10cm?
78
Area and Circumference of a Circle

L.6
1) a) Calculate the areas of these three circles(use π = 3.142)
5cm 10cm 20cm
b) How many times bigger than the 5cm circle is the 10cm circle?
c) How many times bigger than the 5cm circle is the 20cm circle?
d) Write down the missing numbers in this ratio.
Area of 5cm circle : Area of 10cm circle : Area of 20cm circle
1 : ..... : .....
e) Calculate the circumferences of the three circles.
f) Write down the missing numbers in this ratio.
Circum. of 5cm circle : Circum. of 10cm circle : Circum. of 20cm circle :
1 : ..... : .....
2) A pulley is used to move a lift between the ground

floor and the top floor of a block of flats (see diagram).
The 2 floors are 40 metres apart and the radius of the
pulley is 1 metre.
a) Calculate the circumference of the pulley.
b) Approximately how many revolutions will the
pulley make in raising the lift from the ground
floor to the top floor? 40m
3) a) A circle has a circumference of 200cm.

Calculate its radius.
b) What is its area?
4) A garden pond is in the shape of a circle with a diameter of 3 metres.

A concrete path is made around the pond. The width of the path is
1 metre (see the diagram).
a) Calculate the area of the pond correct to the nearest m2
b) What is the outside diameter of the concrete path?
c) Calculate the area of the concrete path and pond combined, to the nearest m2
d) What is the approximate area of the concrete path?
79
Areas of Rectangles
L.6
1) Annette cuts a rectangle from a sheet of paper. She calls the length of the smaller
side 2n centimetres.
The larger side is 6cm longer so she calls that 2n + 6 centimetres.
What is the area of Annette’s rectangle?
2n + 6
2n
2) Annette cuts a similar rectangle in half down its middle.

2n + 6
2n
a) What is the length of each side of the half?

b) Use these values to calculate the area of one half of the rectangle.
3) Graham makes a similar rectangle. He cuts it in half, but this time along its length.
2n + 6
2n
a) What is the length of each side of the half?

b) Use these values to calculate the area of one half of the rectangle.
4) Dylan makes another rectangle. He cuts it in half, this time along its diagonal
making two right angled triangles.
2n + 6
2n
a) What is the area of the rectangle?

b) What is the area of half of the rectangle?
c) What is the area of one of the triangles?
80
Volumes
L.6.
1) (i) Calculate the volumes of these cuboids.
a)
b) c)
5cm
6cm 5cm 15cm

21cm
17cm 17cm
d)
4cm
12cm 16cm
5cm 4cm
f)
e)
21cm
10cm
30cm 32cm
11cm 14cm
(ii) Which of the cuboids have a capacity greater than 1 litre?
2) An open bucket is in the shape of a cuboid. It’s length is 25cm, it’s width is 20cm and
it’s depth is 30cm. It is to be filled with water. How many litres will it hold?
3) The diagram shows a garden pathway. It is to be made from concrete to the

dimensions shown.
Depth 18cm
Length 15 metres
Width 110cm
(Not drawn to scale)
a) Write down the depth and the width as a decimal part of a metre.
b) Calculate the volume of the concrete needed to make the pathway.
81
Enlarging Letters
L.6
Enlarge each of the following diagrams by the scale factor given.
Each diagram has been started.
×2
×2
×3
82
Enlarging Through a Point

L.6
Enlarge the following shapes, using the scale factor given, through the points indicated.
Question 1 has been started for you.
Question 2 has the construction lines drawn.
Question 3 has only the enlargement point indicated.
1)
×2
2)
×3
3)
Enlargement Point
×4
83
Continuous Data
L.6
The following frequency table gives the heights of pupils in a class. The h represents
the height of the pupils.
Class Interval Frequency

120 ≤ h < 125 2
125 ≤ h < 130 4
130 ≤ h < 135 6
135 ≤ h < 140 8
140 ≤ h < 145 5
145 ≤ h < 150 3
150 ≤ h < 155 1
a) How many pupils are in the class?

b) What does the < sign mean?
c) What does the ≤ sign mean?
d) What does the line 120 ≤ h < 125 mean?
e) One of the pupils has a height of 145 cm. Which group has she been put into?
f) How many pupils are less than 125 centimetres in height?
g) How many pupils are less than 145 cm?
h) How many pupils are 140cm or more in height?
Jo wants to show this data on a bar chart. She says that the bars will have to touch
because the numbers carry on from each other (they are continuous). She thinks that
the first bar should go from 120cm to 125cm, the second from 125 to 130 and so on.
The last one should be 150 to 155.
This is the start of her chart. Copy what she has done and finish it off.
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
120 130 140 150 160
84
Pupils Weights
L.6
Julian carries out a survey of the pupils in his group. He weighs each of the pupils
and records their masses. These are the results in kilograms.
45.1, 47.5, 53.8, 39.0, 41.8, 56.3, 38.9, 53.7, 43.7, 45.0, 42.4, 51.1, 59.6, 63.4, 47.5,
53.5, 50.9, 67.3, 52.5, 47.4, 54.5, 49.3, 51.3, 71.6, 38.4, 55.0, 63.3, 53.0, 45.1, 48.8
He then puts the values into this frequency table.
a) Copy and complete the table.
Weight Tally Frequency

30 ≤ w < 40
40 ≤ w < 50
b) How many pupils weigh less than 60 kilograms?

c) How many pupils weigh 40kg or more?
d) How many pupils have a weight which is greater than 40kg and less than 60kg?
Julian shows this data as a bar chart, like this.
12
10
8
6
30 50 70 90
e) Complete Julian’s bar chart.

Julian decides that his chart will look better if he changes the class intervals to
30 ≤ w < 35, 35 ≤ w < 40 and so on.
f) How many bars will there be in Julian’s diagram?
85
Constructing a Pie Chart

L.6
1 1 1
1) A car manufacturer says that of its cars are red,
---
4
---
3
are silver, ------
10
are white and the
remainder are ‘other’ colours.
Alison draws a pie chart to show this.
a) Copy her chart and complete it.
b) What angle at the centre of the chart represents ‘other’?
2) The sales at a supermarket are shown in the following table. Steve draws a pie chart
containing this information. He calculates the angle he needs for each department
and puts them in the table.
Department Percentage Angle needed
Fruit and Vegetables 20%
Delicatessen 5%
Frozen Foods 10%
Household Goods 15%
Butcher 10%
General Groceries 40%
a) Finish his calculations for the angles needed.

b) Use these angles to draw a pie chart.
3) The table shows the number of withdrawals from a library during one week in May.
Library withdrawals for 1 week

Type of Book Number
Fiction 200
Non Fiction 100
Children’s 150
Videos 50
Amanda draws a pie chart of this information.

a) What angle at the centre of the pie chart is needed to represent Fiction?
b) Draw the pie chart.
86
Distance and Time

L.6
1) Olive gets into a lift at the 7th floor. She wants to go to the 10th floor, but has to travel
to other floors first. The diagram is a graph of her journey.
10
9
8
7
6
Floor 5
4
3
2
1
G
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (seconds)
a) Which other floors did the lift stop at before arriving at the 10th floor?
b) For how long does the lift stop at each floor?
c) If the lift were to travel from the ground floor to the 10th floor without stopping, how
long would it take?
2) The graph shows the height of water in a bath Mrs Riley runs for her young
daughter. Use the graph to answer these questions.
28
24
20
16
Depth
of water 12
(cm)
8
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Time (minutes)
a) When was the second tap turned on?
b) When did Mrs Riley’s daughter get in the bath?
c) When was the water turned off?
d) If Mrs Riley fills the bath to a depth of 20cm before putting her daughter in, for
how long must she run both taps?
87
Scatter Diagrams
L.6
1) The graphs below show three things plotted against the age of the pupils in years 7
to 11. They are (i) distance of their home from school, (ii) the time it takes to run a
race and (iii) the amount of time spent doing homework.
a) b) c)
x
x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x
x x x
x x x
11 12 13 14 15 16 11 12 13 14 15 16 11 12 13 14 15 16
Age Age Age
Which descriptions do the three graphs best fit?
2) Wendy does a survey of the houses in her village. She counts the number of
windows in each house and the number of bedrooms they have. The diagram below
shows her results.
20
x
x
x x
15 x
x x
x x x x
Number of x x
x x
windows 10 x x x x
x
x x
x x
1 2 3 4 5 6
Number of bedrooms
Use the diagram and the line of best fit to answer these questions.
a) What does the graph tell you about the relationship between the number of
bedrooms and the number of windows in a house?
b) Another house was visited. It had 12 windows in it. How many bedrooms would
you expect it to have?
c) How many windows would you expect a four bedroomed house to have?
88
Dice
L.6
1) Lydia has two dice, a blue one and a red one. She says that there are 36 different
outcomes of the numbers on the top when the two dice are rolled. She writes down
these outcomes in the table below. She writes down the number on the blue dice
before the number on the red dice.
Red Dice
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 1,1
2
Blue 3 3,6
Dice 4 4,3
5
6
a) Copy and complete the table.

b) What is the probability of her getting 4,4?
c) Which pairs of numbers will give her a total of 5?
d) What is the probability of her getting a total of 5?
e) What is the probability of her getting a total of less than 5?
f) What is the most likely total that she could get?
2) The table below shows the totals that can be obtained when two special dice are
rolled. The table shows some of the numbers on the dice and some of the totals.
First Dice
+ 1 1
3 5
2
Second 3 4
Dice
4 5 7
6 9
7
a) Complete the table of numbers.

b) What is the probability that a total of 3 is obtained when the dice are rolled?
c) What is the probability that the total obtained is not 3?
89
Choosing
L.6
1) In a pub lottery there are 5 balls numbered 1 to 5. A ball is withdrawn and not
replaced. A second is then withdrawn. The table below shows some of the outcomes
that are likely to happen.
Second
Ball
1 2 3 4 5
1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5
2 2,1
First
Ball 3
4
5
a) Complete the table.

b) How many different outcomes are there?
Each contestant has two numbers. Michael has 4 and 2.
c) What is the probability that he wins? (the order that the balls are withdrawn is not
important).
d) What is the probability of him not winning?
2) A bag contains 1 red, 1 white and 1 black ball. Two balls are to be withdrawn
together.
a) List all the different ways the balls can be taken from the bag.
b) What is the probability of withdrawing a red and a white ball?
c) What is the probability of not withdrawing a red and white ball?
3) In a bag there are red marbles and blue marbles.

Ralph is told that the probability of getting a blue marble from the bag is 1--4- .
a) What is the probability of getting a red marble?
He takes a marble from the bag and it is red.
b) What is the smallest number of marbles there can now be left in the bag?
He takes another marble from the bag. It is blue.
c) What is the smallest number of marbles there can now be in the bag?
He takes a third marble from the bag. It is blue.
d) What is the smallest number of marbles there can now be in the bag?
He is told that there were 9 red marbles in the bag before he took any from it.
e) What was the total number of marbles in the bag originally?
90
On the Road
L.6
1) Andrea stops at a motorway service station for breakfast. She has a choice between
egg, bacon, beans and tomatoes. Each portion costs £1 and she has £3 to spend.
She chooses 3 different items.
a) List all the breakfasts she can choose.
b) If she chose 2 portions of the same item, what other breakfasts could she
choose?
c) If she set no restriction on what she bought for £3, how many different types of
breakfast could she choose?
2) Rhoda stops off at a motorway service station for breakfast. There are 5 items to
choose from on the menu. They are egg, bacon, beans, tomatoes and toast.
Each item costs £1 and Rhoda has £3 to spend. She buys 3 different items.
If she buys egg she must buy toast with it. She must have tomatoes.
List all the different breakfasts she can choose from.
3) A car hire company calculates the probability of one of its cars breaking down during
the year. Copy this table and fill in the missing probabilities.
Probability of Probability of not

breaking down breaking down
1 year old car 0.002
2 year old car 0.01
3 year old car 0.017
4) BangerKing hires cars to the public. The table shows the availability of their cars on a
particular day.
Probability
Available and on hire
Available but not on hire 0.32
Broken down 0.14
a) Complete the probability table.

b) On another day the probability that a car is available is 0.68. What is the
probability that a car is broken down?
91
.
Answers 8) 453.6g
Division - Page 13
10’s, 100’s and 1000’s - Page 7 1) a) 12 b) 15 c) 35 d) 24 e) 24 f) 85 g) 73 h) 62 i) 73
1) a) 30 b) 180 c) 540 d) 4,560 e) 31 f) 85.4 g) 4525.5
j) 92 k) 209 l) 184 m) 103 n) 56 o) 131 p) 93 q) 128
h) 8 i) 5.4 j) 5.39 k) 0.3 l) 0.54 m) 0.043 n) 0.003
r) 104 s) 109 t) 123
2) a) 600 b) 2700 c) 12,900 d) 45,600 e) 930 f) 3,780
2) a) 23 r1 b) 28 r1 c) 13 r2 d) 30 r3 e) 42 r1 f) 44 r2
g) 42.6 h) 70 i) 0.3 j) 0.32 k) 0.25 l) 0.023 m) 0.4 n) 3.001
g) 54 r6 h) 51 r6 i) 247 r1 j) 85 r7 k) 105 r5 l) 128 r2
3) a) 6,000 b) 53,000 c) 693,000 d) 900,000 e) 2,670
m) 68 r1 n) 69 r1 o) 94 r8
f) 78,200 g) 26,976 h) 500 i) 530 j) 40 k) 4 l) 47.5 m) 1
3) a) 13 b) 15 c) 17 d) 22 e) 28 f) 38 r7 g) 31 r9 h) 27
n) 0.34
i) 33 r24 j) 28 r4 k) 27 r29 l) 17 r7 m) 22 r29 n) 19 r24
4) a) 0.5 b) 6.2 c) 45.9 d) 653.9 e) 0.58 f) 0.276 g) 84.371
o) 20 r41
h) 0.05 i) 0.0004 j) 0.064 k) 0.0547 l) 0.003 m) 0.00046
4) a) 25 b) 20 c) 500
n) 0.0000328
5) 50 6) a) 28 rows with 16 over b) 12
5) a) 0.09 b) 0.14 c) 3.67 d) 18.53 e) 0.068 f) 0.2374
7) 29 8) 12 9) 24 weeks
g) 0.029786 h) 0.007 i) 0.0027 j) 0.00064 k) 0.00839
l) 0.0001 m) 0.000002 n) 0.0000654
6) a) 0.002 b) 0.049 c) 0.386 d) 4.638 e) 0.0038 f) 0.0185
Division with Decimals - Page 14
g) 0.004076 h) 0.0006 i) 0.000643 j) 0.000062 k) 0.000007 1) a) 5.6 b) 4.75 c) 5.4 d) 7.75 e) 5.25 f) 8.2 g) 22.05
l) 0.0003061 m) 0.000003 n) 0.00001001 h) 8.4 i) 6.75 j) 1.6 k) 0.21 l) 22.1 m) 3.25 n) 5.23
7) a) 276 b) 552 c) 138 d) 55.2 e) 1380 o) 4.55 p) 0.05 q) 14.03 r) 12.5 s) 2.56 t) 0.18 u) 4.51
8) a) 0.0356 b) 0.0178 c) 0.0712 d) 0.178 e) 0.712 v) 14.89 w) 56.1 x) 78.59 y) 42.15
9) From the top right - clockwise 2) 27.5 3) £6.25 4) 19p 5) a) 18.4 miles b) 9.2 miles
1, 1000, 64.1, 0.641, 10, 0.00641, 100, 0.0641 6) 55p 7) a) 2.8cm b) 5.6cm c) 11.2cm 8) 1.6cm
9) £52.27 10) 5.55cm
Rounding off Whole Numbers - Page 8
1) a) 1344 1340 1300
Cancelling Fractions - Page 15
1086 1090 1100 Exercise 1
1 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 5
997 980 1000 1) --- 2) --- 3) --- 4) --- 5) --- 6) --- 7) --- 8) --- 9) --- 10) ---
3 5 2 4 2 5 3 5 3 9
852 850 900
4 1 3 1 3 1 3 2 1
b) Anything between 1305 and 1314 11) --- 12) --- 13) --- 14) --- 15) --- 16) --- 17) --- 18) --- 19) ---
5 2 4 6 5 2 8 5 3
c) Anything between 1045 and 1049 and between 1050 and 1 3 3 2 1 1 9 3
1054 20) --- 21) ------ 22) ------ 23) --- 24) ------ 25) --- 26) ------ 27) ---
3 10 20 5 10 7 20 4
2) a) 39,267 39,270 39,300 13 7 3
28) ------ 29) ------ 30) ------
16,014 16,010 16,000 20 20 10
6 8 10 12 4 18
8,219 8,220 8,200 31) --- , ------ , ------ , ------ , --- , ------ , 14
------
11,806 11,810 11,800 9 12 15 18 6 27 21
2 4 1 3 5 12 12 12
b) Anything between 13,015 and 13,024 32) --- , --- , --- , --- order is ------ , ------ , ------ , ------
5 5 5 5 25 30 20 15
c) Anything between 15,450 and 15,499 and between 15,500
and 15,549 Exercise 2
d) 17,996 and 18,002 9 11 1 3 9 13 9 2 3
1) a) ------ b) ------ 2) --- 3) ------ 4) ------ and ------ 5) a) ------ b) --- c) ------
20 20 4 10 22 22 20 5 20
Negatives - Page 9
1) –14, –10, –6, 4, 7, 12 Mixed Fractions - Page 16
2) 12ºC, –5ºC, 7ºC, 10ºC, –3ºC Exercise 1
3) –20, –10, 5, 15 3 2 1 3 5 2 1 1 2
1) a) --- b) --- 2) a) --- b) --- 3) a) ------ b) ------ c) ------ d) ------ e) ------
4) a) –7ºC b) 21ºC 5 5 4 4 11 11 11 11 11
5) a) 5 b) –5 c) –10 d) –20 9 2 3
4) a) ------ b) --- c) ------
20 5 20
Number Cards - Page 10 Exercise 2

a) –3 b) 0 c) +7 d) –9 e) +7 f) –9 g) –1 h) –1 i) –1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1) no 2) yes 3) --- 4) 2 5) 2 6) 4 7) ------ , --- , --- , --- , --- , --- , ---
8 12 8 7 5 4 3 2
j) –9 k) 0 l) +5
1 7 1 18 6 2 1 1
8) --- 9) ------ 10) a) ------ b) ------ 11) ------ 12) a) --- b) --- c) ------
4 10 19 19 31 3 4 12
Multiplication - Page 11
1) a) 36 b) 80 c) 192 d) 204 e) 336 f) 603 g) 324 h) 666
i) 1431 j) 2268 k) 938 l) 1929 m) 4376 n) 2725 o) 2247 Calculating a Fraction - Page 17
p) 5040 q) 12,150 r) 28,450 s) 14,840 t) 38,700 u) 2241 Exercise 1
v) 4230 w) 4898 x) 18,088 y) 5040 z) 34,104 1) 10 2) 5 3) 3 4) 7 5) 5 6) 6 7) 5 8) 10 9) 3 10) 5 11) 4
2) 138 3) 304 4) 1800 5) 399 6) 260 7) 432 8) 425 12) 8 13) 8 14) 10 15) 6 16) 6 17) 2 18) 6 19) 10 20) 5
9) 8000 10) 1710 Exercise 2
1) 8 2) 15 3) 9 4) 9 5) 15 6) 15 7) 20 8) 21 9) 20 10) 12
11) 45 12) 25 13) 30 14) 21 15) 14 16) 25 17) 48 18) 56
Multiplying Decimals - Page 12
Exercise 3
1) a) 22.8 b) 51.1 c) 50.4 d) 23.7 e) 79.2 f) 31.71
1) 66.3 2) 2.75 3) 18.75 4) 10.5 5) 18.2 6) 101.01 7) 57.75
g) 34.65 h) 27.65 i) 6.56 j) 54.18 k) 35 l) 282 m) 261.6
8) 7 9) 1.05 10) 3.5 11) 13.2 12) 71.5
n) 220 o) 341.1 p) 8.5 q) 29.76 r) 21.66 s) 51.3 t) 31.28
Exercise 4
u) 16.08 v) 34.54 w) 134.55 x) 332.4 y) 583.49 3
1) 24 2) 36 3) 13 and 26 4) a) --- b) 540 5) £37.50 6) 180
2) £118.56 3) £11.34 4) a) £81 b) £11.80 c) £92.80 5
7) a) 22,500 b) 37,500
5) 500cm 6) a) 27.36kg b) 27.81kg 7) 327.36km
93
Calculating Percentages - Page 18 g) 2c + 13 h) 9d – 5 i) 2t + 10s
3) a) 2 × n and 2n b) n + 2 c) n3 d) --- e) n ÷ n f) n2
n
Exercise 1 2
1) £3.40 2) 95p 3) £2.00 4) £7.50 5) £12.15 6) 60p 7) 96p g) 2n – n and n h) 2 × n and 2n i) n÷n
8) 21p 4) a) n ÷ n and 1 b) n and n × n c) n + 2 and 2 + n d) n ÷ 2
2
n
Exercise 2 and --- e) 2n and n + n f) 2n – n and n
2
1) 56 2) 55 3) 68 4) 208 5) 423 6) 140 7) 403 8) 162
9) £13.28 10) £7.36 11) £5.16 12) 56p 13) £12.18 14) £3.42 Brackets - Page 26
15) £1.98 16) £3.77 1) a) 4 b) 27 c) 12 d) 42 e) 28 f) 16 g) –4 h) –16 i) –3
Exercise 3 j) –30 k) 0 l) –4
1) 5.61kg 2) 11.04kg 3) 75.66kg 4) 17.16 metres 2) a and g b and f c and d e and k h and l i and j
5) 3.91 metres 6) 18.96 metres 7) 12.462 litres 3) a) 2x – 6 b) 10n – 30 c) 6x – 8 d) 9n – 15 e) 24x + 18
8) 3.152 litres 9) 7.452 litres 10) 29.986 litres f) 8y + 12y2 g) 18b – 2b2 h) 6c2 + 21c i) x2 + 4x
11) 35.316kg 12) 51.604metres 13) 103.2kg j) 6f – 4f2 k) 4y – 2y2 l) 6x – 2x2
Exercise 4 4) a) 4x + 5 b) 6x + 2 c) 7y + 3 d) 7a – 2 e) 5b + 2
1) 33 2) 1500 3) a) £42 b) £168 4) a) £1750 b) £26.25 f) 10a – 10 g) 10d + x h) 7x – 7 i) 5y + x j) 5x – 7
c) £3.50 5) a) £3.60 b) b) £1.80 c) 90p d) £6.30 e) £42.30 k) 7y – 5 l) 4x + 4 m) 3 + a n) 3b + 2a – 11 o) 3b + 2a + 1
5) a) 9 b) 9 c) 16 d) 10 e) 5x f) 10y g) 10a h) 9b i) 4a + 3
Ratio and Proportion - Page 19 j) 9 + 2b k) 7 + 5b l) 8 + 4y
1) 8:9 2) £30, £20 and £10 3) a) 90cm b) 150cm 6) a) 5 – (–3) = 8 b) 12 – (–4) = 16 c) 7 – (–7) = 14
4) a) Second school b) 3:4 c) £150 and £200 d) 1 e) 3 f) –6 g) 0 h) 18 i) 5 j) –4 – 2 = –6 k) 11
5) a) 1:4:5:10 b) 60 l) –4 – (–2) = –2
7) a) 2a b) 5x + 2 c) 3y – 2 d) 3b + 7 e) 5y + 7 f) 4x + 7
Checking - Page 20 g) 2b + 7 h) 6y – 1 i) –2a – 4 j) 2 + 6y k) 3 + 11b
1) a) 20 × 30 = 600 b) 30 × 40 = 1200 l) –3 + 4y or 4y – 3
c) 60 × 30 = 1800 d) 50 × 40 = 2000
e) 100 × 50 = 5,000 f) 300 × 50 =15,000 Number Rules - Page 27
g) 500 × 30 = 15,000 h) 60 × 200 =12,000 a) n + 3, n + 4, n + 5
i) 80 × 200 = 16,000 j) 400 × 60 = 24,000 b) 10, 12, n + 4, n + 6, n + 8, n + 10
k) 500 × 60 = 30,000 l) 200 × 400 = 80,000 c) 18, 21, 3n, 4n, 5n, 6n, 7n(in centre)
m) 200 × 200 = 40,000 n) 90 × 400 = 36,000 d) 32, 48, 96, 2n, 4n, 8n, 32n
o) 400 × 100 = 40,000 (ii) (iii) (v) (vi) (viii) e) 7, 16, 22, n – 3, n + 3, n + 6
2) These are suggested estimates. Others are acceptable.
a) 150 ÷ 8 b) 350 ÷ 7 = 50 c) 600 ÷ 6 = 100 Number Grids - Page 28
160 ÷ 8 = 20 1) 14 15 24 25 78
d) 900 ÷ 4 = 225 e) 500 ÷ 9 f) 360 ÷ 12 = 30 28 29 38 39 134
500 ÷ 10 = 50 66 67 76 77 286
87 88 97 98 370
g) 620 ÷ 20 = 31 h) 700 ÷ 24 i) 730 ÷ 14
115 116 125 126 482
700 ÷ 25 = 28 750 ÷ 15 = 50
n n+1 n + 10 n + 11 4n + 22
j) 800 ÷ 37 k) 700 ÷ 50 = 14 l) 500 ÷ 60 2) 22 23 24 33 102
800 ÷ 40 = 20 500 ÷ 50 = 10 27 28 29 38 122
m) 700 ÷ 20 = 35 n) 1800 ÷ 60 = 30 o) 1400 ÷ 100 = 14 61 62 63 72 258
3) (i), (ii), (v), (ix) 78 79 80 89 326
96 97 98 107 398
Inverse Operations - Page 21 n – 11 n – 10 n–9 n 4n – 30
1) a, b, d, g, h, k and l are wrong
2) b, e, f, h and j Number Patterns - Page 29
3) 150 + 90 = 240 4) 23 × 12 = 276 5) £5.50 × 27 = £148.50 1) a) 13 b) 31 c) multiply the number of squares by 3 then
6) 199 – 123 or 199 – 76 7) 26 centimetres add 1 d) m = 3s + 1 e) 103 f) 20 g) 24 with 2 over
2) a) 12 b) 27 c) subtract 1 from the number of pots then
Adding Letters - Page 22 multiply by 3 d) r = 3(p – 1) e) 72 f) 23
1) a) 2g + 2f or 2f + 2g b) 2w + 2v or 2v + 2w c) 4x
2) a) r + s + t b) 5w + 2x c) 5f + e + g + h Negative Co-ordinates - page 30
1) a)
Adding Letters and Numbers - Page 23
1) a) a + b + 15 b) 2w + y + 17 c) h + k + n + 27.7
2) a) 4d b) 8d c) 12d d) 8d
Perimeters of Tiles - Page 24

1) a) 16x b) 16x = 32 c) x = 2cm
2) a) 26y b) 26y = 260 c) y = 10cm d) 20cm by 10cm
Simplifying Expressions - Page 25

1) a) 7a b) 9y c) 4x d) 2n e) 4n f) 4p g) 9y h) 0 i) 3s j) 0
k) 2a l) 1 m) p2 n) r3 o) 2z p) 5n
2) a) 4p + 5 b) 6r + 4 c) 4a + 11 d) 2b – 2 e) 2n + 2 f) 12k – 2
b) Hexagon c) The y axis or x = 0
94
2) a) 2)
a) c)
b)
d)
e)
b) (–2,2) (–3,5) (–6,4) (–5,1)

c) (2,–2) (3,–5) (6,–4) (5,–1)
3) a)
y f)
8 g)
6
2
h)
0
–12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 x i)
–2
–4 j)
–6
–8 k)
l)
b) (–1,–7) (–1,–8) (–6,–8) (–6,–7)
(–4,–7) (–4,–2) (–3,–2) (–3,–7)
4) a)
Triangles - Page 32
a) 67º b) 72º c) 39º d) 59º e) 121º f) 39º g) 27º h) 39º
i) 63º
Angles at a Point - Page 33

a) 117º b) 40º c) 49º d) 131º e) 99º f) 130º g) 144º h) 118º
i) 70º j) 47º k) 61º l) 77º m) 48º
b) (–6,–3)
5) a) c) e) Drawings - Page 34
See separate sheet
Making Shapes - Page 35

1) a, c, e and f
2) a, b, d and e
3) f and c a, j and m n, e and b l and i
Packages - Page 36
b) (3,6) and (–3,–6) d) 9
1) a) Hexagon b) a, b, c, d, e, f and g
2) a) 9 b) d c) 6 3) b and c
Angles - page 31
1) A = 72º B = 150 º C = 45º D = 114º E = 21º F = 36º
G = 276º H = 305º I = 331º
95
Enlargements - Page 39
Missing Blocks - Page 37
a) c)
b)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i) j)
3-D Shapes - Page 38

a)
b)
l)
k)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
96
Rotational Symmetry - Page 40 Rainfall - Page 45
a) Sydney b) July c) April c) Sydney - its total rainfall for
the year is greater than that of New York.
a) b) c) d)
e) 3cm f) Approx. 6.5cm g) March, April and May
h) July, August and September
i) September, October and November j) April, May and June.
3 6
1 4
Youth Club - Page 46
e) f) g) a) Tuesday b) 52 c) 53 d) 16 e) 14 f) 5 years (from the
beginning of age 11 to the end of age 15 is 5 years) g) 14
h) Ranges remain the same. The mode of the Tuesday club
3 1 changes from 16 to 15
2
Moving - Page 47
h) i) j) 1) a) 11:45 (approx) b) (i) 8:00 and 10:00 (ii) 30mins and
45mins c) 40 miles and 115 miles (approx) 2) a) Martin
b) Simon takes the lead c) 50 seconds d) Martin, 85 seconds
1 2
Percentage Bars - Page 48
2 1) a) Labour b) Conservative c) Labour and Liberal
k)
Democrat d) 44% e) Labour share went down by about 11%.
l) m)
The actual Labour vote went down by about 25%
2) a) Helen b) Jane c) 34% d) 15% e) Jane gives about
62sq m and Helen gives about 125sq m
1
4
4
Reading Pie Charts - Page 49
1) a) Crisps b) Juice c) Sweets and Chocolate d) Crisps
n) o) p)
2) a) D b) A - red or black, B - white, C - black or red, E - blue
c) 120 d) 40
4 2 2
Comparing Pie Charts - Page 50
1) a) Oak b) The diagram shows only the proportion of Ash
Metric and Imperial Measure - Page 41 trees on each farm. If there are more trees on farmer
1) a) 5 litres b) 4.5 litres Williams’ farm there could be a larger number of Ash trees
2) 250g of butter than on farmer Jones’ farm. A small proportion of a large
250g of sugar number can be bigger than a large proportion of a small
400g of flour number.
2 eggs c) Farmer Williams has more trees on his land.
125ml 2) a) More people went to the cinema on Saturday than on
using 1oz = 25g and 1 pint = 0.5 litre Monday. b) Lots more on Saturday. This is probably
3) 336, 464, 624, 168 using 1 mile = 1.6km because children are off school on Saturday and not on
4) a) 2lbs b) 2.2lbs Monday
5) a) 30cm b) 2.5cms c) 160cms
6) 5kg 7) 4 litres
Chances - Page 51
1) 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1
Estimating Measures - Page 42 Impossible Poor Even Good Certain
1) a) miles, kilometres b) cm c) kg d) seconds e) grams 1
f) gallons, litres g) cms h) millimetres i) ml 2) - , 0.5, 50%
2
2) a) 200 - 500 b) 50 - 300 c) 4 - 15 d) 40 - 100kg, 30 - 60kg 3) No. It is expected that over a large number of tosses there
e) 30 - 150litres f) 10 - 40 minutes, 2 - 5 minutes g) 4 - 12 would be about the same number of heads and tails.
h) 3 - 10 metres i) 3hrs - 6hrs Sometimes it happens with a small number of tosses but not
always.
Area and Perimeter - Page 43 4) a) Car. There have been more cars passing than any other
1) a) 40cm, 96cm2 b) 34cm, 52cm2 c) 41cm, 103.5cm2 vehicle.
d) 40cm, 66cm2 e) 44cm, 101cm2 f) 49cm, 135cm2 b) Bus. There have been fewer buses passing than any
g) 60cm, 110cm2 other vehicle.
3 1
2) a) 20,774 b) 2.0774 3) £4480 4) £684 5) 100 5) a) ---- or 0.3 or 30% b) - or 0.5 or 50%
10 2
Mean - Page 44 Taking a Chance - Page 52

1) a) 6,6 b) 4.46, 6.9 c) 344, 10 5 7 7
1) a) White b) ---- c) ---- d) ----
12 12 12
2) a) 5+8+5+9+8+2+7+4+9+10+12+4+0+8 1
Mean = 766.5 2) a) 7 b) - c) Because there are the same number of 3’s
6
b) 1+4+8+3+4+2+3+5+1+8 and 4’s on the dice. i.e. 1 of each. d) 2-
Mean = 603.9 3
1 1 1 3 3
3) a) 35 b) 6 c) 14 3) a) - b) - c) - d) - e) -
8 2 4 4 8
4) a) 5, 4 b) 6 and 3
97
Spinners - Page 53 m) 0.075, 7.5% n) 0.65, 65% o) 0.04, 4% p) 0.92, 92%
1 3 1 3
1) - b) 1- c) Getting a 5 on spinner 1 is more likely. There 5) a) 0.375, - , 37 - %, 0.3750 b) - , 0.600, 60%, 0.6
8 2 5
5 6
are fewer numbers on spinner 1 than on spinner 2 thereby 27 54 9 18
c) 0.27, ------- , 27%, ------- d) 36%, ---- , 0.36, ----
100 200 25 50
increasing the probability
3 1 3 9
2) The spinner has 3 fours, 2 threes, 2 twos and 1 one. 6) a) ---- b) - c) ---- d) ----
20 9 17 20
3) a) 9 b) 1- c) 2- d) 1-
9 9 3 Ratios - Page 61
1) a) 1:3:4:6 b) 1:6:7:11 c) 28%
Take a Card - Page 54 2) a) 3:5:12 b) 3:4:3 c) 30%
4 1 8
1) a) - b) - c) - d) 3 e) 3 f) Because there are not an 3) a) 1:2:4:10 b) 95 c) 1:3:2:13
9 9 9
equal number of outcomes for each total.
Adding and Subtracting Fractions - Page 62
1 5 1
2) a) -- b) -- c) -- 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3
8 8 8 1) a) - b) 1 - c) - d) 1 - e) 2 - f) 1 g) -- h) 1 -- i) 1 j) -
4 4 4 4 4 2 2 4
Different Outcomes - Page 55 3 3 3
k) 6 - l) 6 m) 3 - n) - o) 5 - p) -
1 3
1 4 4 4 4 4
1) a) - b) 10 times c) by dividing the number of times the
6 4 7 7 5 3 7 7 5 7
9 3 4 2) a) - b) ---- c) - d) - e) ---- f) ---- g) ---- h) ---- i) ----
number occurs by 60 d) ---- = ---- e) 100 f) ---- g) One way 5 10 8 6 20 10 10 16 12
60 20 25
4 4 13 7 16 11 9
is to compare fractions like this:- j) ---- k) ---- l) ---- m) ---- n) ---- o) ---- p) ----
15 21 18 24 17 15 10
1 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 5 3
Theoretical is - = ------- 3) a) - b) - c) - d) -- e) - f) - g) - h) - i) - j) ---- k) ----
6 600 3 4 4 2 5 4 2 3 3 12 10
3 90 4 16 3 2 5 12 5 8
Damian’s is ---- = ------- 4) a) ---- and ---- b) ---- and ---- c) ---- and ---- d) ---- and ----
20 600 20 20 12 12 15 15 10 10
4 96 15 4 8 21 8 9 6 8
Dawn’s is ---- = ------- e) ---- and ---- f) ---- and ---- g) ---- and ---- h) ---- and ----
25 600 20 20 28 28 18 18 36 36
Dawn’s is closer to the theoretical value than Damian’s. 6 11 15 4 21 4 9 20
i) ---- and ---- j) ---- and ---- k) ---- and ---- l) ---- and ----
2) a) He divides the number of lorries by the number of 33 33 21 21 30 30 48 44
vehicles. b) 0.10, 0.125, 0.15, 0.064 c) She divides the 13 7 8 11 11 4 3 11 23 19
5) a) ---- b) - c) - d) ---- e) ---- f) - g) ---- h) ---- i) ---- j) ----
total number of lorries by the total number of vehicles. 15 8 9 20 40 5 14 20 24 28
8 1 3 13 5 49 7 11 1 41
d) Yes. 0.09856.... is very close to 0.1. It is therefore a very 6) a) ---- b) -- c) - d) ---- e) ---- f) ---- g) ---- h) ---- i) - j) ----
15 2 4 16 14 60 36 36 5 60
good approximation.
More Fractions - Page 63

Trial and Improvement - Page 56
3 1 3 1 9 9 1
1) a) 8cm2b) 28mm (When the areas are the same, the 1) a) 1 ---- b) 1 ---- c) 1 ---- d) 1 ---- e) 1 ---- f) 1 ---- g) 1 ----
20 10 20 16 28 20 10
length of the side is between 2.8 and 2.85, so 28mm is the 3 13 11 13 1 4 2
nearest) h) 1 ---- i) 1 ---- j) 1 ---- k) 1 ---- l) 1 - m) 1 ---- n) 1 -
14 44 50 30 3 33 5
2) When the difference is 0, the value of x will be between 3 1 3 1 5 2
o) 1 ---- p) 1 - q) 1 ---- r) 1 - s) 1 ---- t) 1 -
2.75 and 2.8. therefore 2.8 is the nearest value correct to 1 16 5 14 5 24 9
decimal place. 2 17 17 1 11 19 3 1
2) a) 2 ---- b) ---- c) 1 ---- d) 1 -- e) 2 ---- f) 2 ---- g) 2 ---- h) 3 -
15 20 20 2 20 20 20 3
23 1 3 7 23 1 15 1
Negatives - Page 57 i) 4 ---- j) 1 ---- k) 4 - l) 1 ---- m) 3 ---- n) 1 -- o) 1 ---- p) 9 ----
44 40 4 30 33 2 16 15
1) –4 2) 6 3) –5 and 6 4) 12 and –4 5) –7 6) a) +1 b) +1 2 4 1 21
c) +4 d) +6 e) 0 f) –3 g) –7 q) 1 ---- r) 5 - s) 7 - t) 2 ----
15 5 6 22
1 1 5 5 1 3 1 11
3) From the top, clockwise -- , - , - , ---- , - , ---- , 2 - , ----
Fraction Problems - Page 58 2 4 8 16 8 16 8 16
3 2 1
1) a) £28 b) £56 2) a) - b) - c) £150 d) £100 3) a) ----
5 5 16 Numbers for Letters - Page 64
1 5 7 8 4 1) a) £106 b) £80 c) 6 d) 25 2) a) 54 b) 82 c) 114 d) 268
b) ---- 4) a) - b) 250 5) a) 1,500km b) ---- c) ---- d) ----
18 8 15 15 15 e) 2 f) 5 g) 6 h) 8 3) a) 14 b) 4 c) 15 d) 20 e) 2 f) 10
1
e) 600, 500, 400km 6) a) 1,500 litres b) - c) 3,200 litres g) 2 h) 4 4) a) 50.272 b) 85.94 to 2d.p. c) 6 d) 12.568 She
2
has used π = 3.412 instead of 3.142
Percentage Calculations - Page 59
1) a) 82% b) 451 2) a) £37.50 b) £87.50 c) 6% d) 7.5% Multiplying a Bracket by a Bracket - Page 65
3) a) 55% b) 45% c) £330 d) £270 4) a) 1500km b) 40% 1) a) n2, 5n and 10 b) n2 + 7n +10 c) n2 + 7n +10
c) 60% d) 37% e) 420, 525, 555 5) a) 1650 b) 65% c) 9020 2) a) n2, 7n, 4n, 28 b) n2 + 11n + 28 c) n2 + 11n + 28
3) a) n2 + 9n + 18 b) n2 + 12n + 20 c) 2n2 + 7n + 6
Fractions, Decimals and Percentages - Page 60 d) 3n2 + 8n + 5
1) a) 80% b) 40% c) 70% d) 65% e) 74% f) 94% g) 34.5%
h) 5% i) 53.2% j) 4.3% k) 2.1% l) 3% m) 6.3% n) 90.4% Finding the Missing Expression - Page 66
1 3 3 1 1 2 3 9 7 18 1) a) 1 b) 3 c) 6a d) 10 e) 2y f) 1 g) 7p h) 4r i) 7f j) 9
2) a) - b) - c) - d) - e) - f) - g) ---- h) ---- i) ---- j) ----
2 5 4 4 3 3 20 20 20 25
k) 2k l) 4m
91 6 16 5 23
k) ------- l) ---- m) ---- n) - o) ---- 2) b) 4b + 5 c) 3y + 7 d) 3x + 6 e) 3y – 4 f) 3c – 5 g) 6w – 5
100 25 25 8 40
h) 4 – c i) 2w + 7 j) 3s – 3 k) 3 – x l) y – 5 m) 3a – 5
3) a) 0.5 b) 0.25 c) 0.2 d) 0.125 e) 0.1 f) 0.01 g) 0.005 3) a) 11 – p, d + 5 b) 2d – 7, a – 3 c) 2y – 2, 3x – 1 d) 3m,
h) 0.02 n+1
4) a) 0.4, 40% b) 0.6, 60% c) 0.75, 75% d) 0.3, 30%
e) 0.03, 3% f) 0.25, 25% g) 0.025, 2.5% h) 0.2, 20%
i) 0.7, 70% j) 0.15, 15% k) 0.45, 45% l) 0.375, 37.5%
98
Making Magic Squares - Page 67
1) a) n – 4 + n + n + 4 = 3n Drawing T’s - Page 72
n + 1 + n +2 + n – 3 = 3n
n + 3 + n + n –3 = 3n Y
n – 1 + n + 4 + n – 3 = 3n
n – 2 + n + n + 2 = 3n
T1 T2
n + 3 + n – 4 + n + 1 = 3n
n – 1 + n + n + 1 = 3n
b) T3
Y
10 5 6
3 7 11
8 9 4
T4
2) a)
n+1 n+4 n–5 T5
n–6 n n+6
X X
n+5 n–4 n–1
T6
b)
13 16 7 15 18 9 12 15 6 17 20 11
6 12 18 8 14 20 5 11 17 10 16 22
17 8 11 19 10 13 16 7 10 21 12 15
Properties of Quadrilaterals - Page 73
1
1) 90º 2) 130º 3) a) 35º b) 17 - º 4) a) 40º b) 70º 5) a) 118º
2
b) 71º 6) a) 49º b) 125º 7) a) 30º b) 150º
Tiling Patterns - Page 68
1) a) 1 b) 2 c) 24 d) 2n 2) a) 4 b) 6 c) 80 d) 10n e) 52 Angles of Polygons - Page 74
3) a) 2 b) 1 c) 18 d) 8 e) 2n + 2 f) n g) 3n + 2 1)
Triangle 3 1 180º 180º
Equations of Parallel Lines - Page 69 Quadrilateral 4 2 360º 360º
1) B y = x + 3, C y = x, D y = x – 4, E y = x – 11 Pentagon 5 3 540º 540º
3 3 3 3
2) B y = - x + 4, C y = - x, D y = - x – 3, E y = - x – 9 Hexagon 6 4 720º 720º
2 2 2 2
Heptagon 7 5 900º 900º
Octagon 8 6 1080º 1080º
Graphs of Equations - Page 70
Nonagon 9 7 1260º 1260º
1) a) D b) E c) C d) B e) A f) F
n n – 2 180(n – 2 ) 180(n – 2 )
2) a) x = 7, x = –2, y = 13, y = –5 b) y = 2x – 1 c)
2) a) Divide by the number of sides
180 ( n – 2 )
y b) -------------------------- c) (i) 120º (ii) 135º (iii) 144º
n
12
10
Symmetry of Polygons - Page 75
1) Hexagon 6 6
8
Square 4 4
6
Equilateral Triangle 3 3
4
Octagon 8 8
2 Heptagon 7 7
0 x Pentagon 5 5
–4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
–2
2) a) (i) 135º (ii) 120º (iii) 108º
X
–4
b) (i) Exterior angle 180º – 135º = 45º
1
Interior angle is half of 135º = 67 - º
2
Centre angle is 360º ÷ 8 × 2 = 90º
d) y = 2x – 11 (ii) Exterior angle 180º – 120º = 60º
Interior angle is half of 120º = 60º
Centre angle is 360º ÷ 6 × 2 = 120º
Viewing Shapes - Page 71 (iii) Exterior angle 180º – 108º = 72º
1) a) C b) D c) A d) B 2) a) C, D,and B Interior angle is half of 108º = 54º
b) c) (ii) and (iii) Centre angle is 360º ÷ 5 = 72º
99
Intersecting and Parallel Lines - Page 76 Enlarging Letters - Page 82
a 124, b 56, c 124, d 118, e 62, f 118, g 62, h 66,
i 114, j 66, k 113, l 47, m 71, n 109, o 109, p 51, ×2
q 119, r 39, s 39, t 141.
g) (i) ACB (ii) ABC (iii) They are equal h) (i) c (ii) they
are equal (iii) j (iv) They are equal
Computer Instructions - Page 77

1) a) 110, 14 b) Forward 42
Turn Right 120
Forward 50
×2
Turn Right 94
Forward 48
Turn Right 110
Forward 28
2) a) 130º and 150º b) Forward 5
Turn Right 130
Forward 9.9
Turn Right 150 ×3
Forward 7.8
c) Forward 6
Turn Right 120
Forward 6
Turn Right 120
Forward 6
Drawing an Octagon - Page 78

a) 45º
b) FORWARD 10 Enlarging Through a Point - Page 83
TURN RIGHT 45
FORWARD 10
TURN RIGHT 45
FORWARD 10
TURN RIGHT 45
FORWARD 10
TURN RIGHT 45
FORWARD 10
TURN RIGHT 45
FORWARD 10
TURN RIGHT 45
FORWARD 10
TURN RIGHT 45
FORWARD 10
c) REPEAT 8 [FORWARD 10, TURN RIGHT 45]
d) A regular hexagon
e) REPEAT 3 [FORWARD 10, TURN RIGHT 120]
f) REPEAT 4 [FORWARD 10, TURN RIGHT 90]
Area and Circumferance of a Circle - Page 79

1) a) 78.55cm2 b) 314.2cm2 c) 1256.8cm2
b) 4 times c) 16 times d) 1:4:16 e) 31.42cm, 62.84cm,
125.68 f) 1:2:4
2) a) 6.284m b) Approximately 6.4 revolutions
3) a) Approximately 31.8cm b) Approximately 3183cm2
4) a) 7m2 b) 5m c) 20m2 d) 13m2
Areas of Rectangles - Page 80

1) 4n2 + 12n 2) a) 2n and n + 3 b) 2n2 + 6n 3) a) 2n + 6
Continuous Data - Page 84
and n b) 2n2 + 6n 4) a) 4n2 + 12n b) 2n2 + 6n c) 2n2 + 6n a) 29 b) is less than c) is less than or equal to d) h lies
between 120 and 125, and includes 120 but does not include
125 e) 145 ≤ h < 150 f) 2 g) 25 h) 9
Volumes - Page 81
1) (i) a) 150cm3 b) 4032cm3 c) 4335cm3 d) 80cm3
e) 3300cm3 f) 9408cm3 (ii) b, c, e and f.
2) 15 litres 3) a) 0.18m and 1.1m b) 2.97m3
100
b)
8 V’eos
7
6
Fiction
5 Children
4
3
Non
Fiction
2
1
Distance and Time - Page 87
120 130 140 150 160
1) a) 3rd, 1st and 6th b) 10 seconds c) 25 seconds
2) a) 3 minutes b) 9 minutes c) after 11 minutes d) About
Pupils Weights - Page 85 6 minutes and 20 seconds
a)
Weight Tally Frequency

Scatter Diagrams - Page 88
1) a) (ii) b) (iii) c) (i)
30 ≤ w < 40 3
2) a) The more bedrooms a house has, the more windows it
40 ≤ w < 50 11 has. b) 3 or 4 c) 13
50 ≤ w < 60 12
60 ≤ w < 70 3 Dice - Page 89
70 ≤ w < 80 1 1) a)
Red Dice
b) 26 c) 27 d) 23
1 2 3 4 5 6
12
1 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6
10
2 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6
8
Blue 3 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6
6
Dice 4 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 4,5 4,6
4
5 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6
2
6 6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 6,5 6,6
30 50 70 90 1 1 1
e) 8 b) ---- c) 4,1 3,2 2,3 and 1,4 d) - e) - f) 7
36 9 6
2) a)
Constructing a Pie Chart - Page 86 First Dice
a)
+ 1 1 1 2 3 4
2 3 3 3 4 5 6
Red 2 3 3 3 4 5
Other 6
Second 2 3 6
3 3 4 5
Dice
Silver 4 5 5 5 6 7 8
White
5 6 6 6 7 8 9
6 7 7 7 8 9 10
b) 114º
2) a) 1 3
b) - c) -
4 4
Department Percentage Angle needed
Fruit and Vegetables 20% 72º Choosing - Page 90
Delicatessen 5% 18º 1) a)
Frozen Foods 10% 36º Second
Household Goods 15% 54º Ball
Butcher 10% 36º
40% 144º 1 2 3 4 5
General Groceries
b) 1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5
2 2,1 2,3 2,4 2,5
F&V First
Ball 3 3,1 3,2 3,4 3,5
GG D
FF
4 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,5
B HG 5 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4

1 9
b) 20 c) ---- d) ----
3) a) 144º 10 10
101
1 2 3
2) a) R,W R,B B,W b) - c) - 3) a) - b) 3 c) 2 d) 5
3 3 4
e) 12
On the Road - Page 91

1) a) egg, bacon, beans
egg, bacon, tomatoes
bacon, beans, tomatoes
egg, beans, tomatoes
b) egg, egg, bacon bacon, bacon, egg
egg, egg, beans bacon, bacon, beans
egg, egg, tomatoes bacon, bacon, tomatoes
tomatoes, tomatoes, egg beans, beans, egg
tomatoes, tomatoes, bacon beans, beans, bacon
tomatoes, tomatoes, beans beans, beans, tomatoes
c) 20 (with the addition of 4 lots of 3 of the same)
2) bacon, beans, tomatoes
bacon, toast, tomatoes
beans, toast, tomatoes
egg, toast, tomatoes
3)
Probability of Probability of not

breaking down breaking down
1 year old car 0.002 0.998
2 year old car 0.01 0.99
3 year old car 0.017 0.983
4) a) 0.54 b) 0.32
102

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Exercises in KS3

Exercises in KS3 Mathematics - Levels 5 and 6

First Published 2001

Copyright R Joinson and Sumbooks

This package of worksheets is sold subject to the condition

R Joinson May 2001

10’s, 100’s and 1000’s

4) Divide each of these by 10 wcs

5) Divide each of these by 100 0.09

7) a) What is 2.76 × 100?

641 ÷ .... 0.00641 × ....

Rounding off Whole Numbers

Height in m to Height in m to Height in m to

b) There is another mountain which is not on the list.

Millwall 16,014 16,010

b) The game at Portsmouth had an attendance of 13,000 to the nearest hundred,

d) Another game has an attendance of 18,000 to the nearest thousand, 18,000 to

The diagram shows a number line.

4) The temperature of the items in a freezer is –18oC.

3) A pen costs £1.26. What is the cost of 9 pens?

6) A factory makes radios. Each radio weighs 0.76kg.

8) 1 ounce is approximately 28.35 grammes. How many grammes make 16 ounces?

2) Divide each of the following. In each case there will be a remainder.

3) Divide each of the following. Some will have remainders.

4) John has to tile the kitchen floor.

The tiles are square and each side measures 20 centimetres.

Division with Decimals

5) How many 1--8- ’s make 1

5) a) Calculate 10% of £36, without using a calculator.

Ratio and Proportion

457 × 72 can be approximated to 500 × 70 = 35,000 by rounding off to the nearest

In the same way, estimate the size of each of these.

(i) 38 × 43 estimate 1600 (ii) 27 × 89 estimate 27,000

In the same way, estimate these divisions.

2) When Amy checks a divide like this

a) 208 ÷ 8 = 26 b) 238 ÷ 7 = 35 c) 423 ÷ 9 = 47

6) What two subtractions could Daniel be checking with this addition?

Write down an expression for each of these perimeters.

2) The perimeter of this shape is p = 3a + 2b + c + d + e

Write down expressions for the perimeters of these shapes.

Adding Letters and Numbers

In the same way, write down the perimeters of these shapes.

2) This is a tile in the shape of an equilateral triangle.

The perimeter of this tile is d

Each of the following shapes are made up of these tiles.

A number of these tiles are put together like this.

a) Write down the perimeter (p) of this shape.

2) This is a rectangular tile. Its length is twice as long as its width.

The perimeter of this tile is p = 6y

a) Write down an equation for the perimeter of this shape.

2) Rewrite each of the following expressions in their simplest form.

3) Look at these expressions then answer the questions about them.

4) Look at these expressions.

2) Look at these expressions.

3) Write down expressions equal to these but without the brackets.

4) Write down each of the following expressions in their simplest form.

6) Simplify these as much as you can.

7) Simplify these as much as you can.

1 Square 2 Squares 3 Squares