English Tenses

Present Simple /Indefinite Tense

In this tense at last we use ta hai,ti hai,te hai.

Positive Negative Question

Sub +verb 1st form. Sub+do+not+verb1st Do+ subject+ verb

I, you, we, they form. 1st form.
Eg,I work. They work. Eg,I don’t eat dinner Eg ,Do i need to
You eat. We sleep. after 7oclock. work. Do you have
You don’t study. pen. Do they know
your address.
He ,she ,it With he, she, it Does she cry?
We use “es “ with last (doesn’t) Does he run?
alphabet of verb She Doesn’t cook food. Does it work?
Eg ,She walks ,he talks . He doesn’t watch TV.
It doesn’t look good.

Present Simple uses when we talk about following:

Permanent situation: We live in Bhopal . He work at bank.
Routines: I wake up at 6 am . I write for news paper.
Facts: The sun rise in east. The Moon is beautiful.
Schedule: Our Class Starts at 3 o clock.
The Train Leaves at noon.
Frequency: She always Takes The Bus.

Present Continuous Tense.

In this tense at last we use Raha Hai,Rahi hai,Rahey hai.
 Positive Negative Question/?
Syntex: Syntex: Syntex:
Sub+is/am/are+verb+ing. Sub+is/am/are+not+verb+ing. Is/am/are+sub+verb+ing.
I +am. Eg I am working I +am. Am+i.
you,we,they +are. you,we,they +are. Am I good person?
Eg,I am not working today.
You are sleeping. We are You are not going to office Are +you/we/they.
wating. They are running. today. Are they coming today?
They are not running today. Are you sleeping in class
We are not coming today. room.
Are we look like fools ?

he ,she,it +is. he ,she,it +is+not Is+she/he/it?

He is crying. He is not crying. Eg ,Is she smart girl?
She is weeping. She is not weeping. Is he moron?
Is it flexible?
It is rusting. It is not working.

Quiz:
Q1 Mary __________ to some customers right now..

Talking 2) is talking 3) are working.

Q2. Why are you __________ the car?

a) Stopin b)Stoping c)Stopping
Q3 Peter's flight __________ right now.

Taking off , is taking off ,Take off

Q4 I'm very thirsty. I __________ some water, please.

a) Need b) am needing c) are needing.

Present Perfect Tense

 we use this tense Chuka hai, Chuki Hai, Chuke Hain
When We use it :
.To Connect Present and Past.
.Action In the past and get results in present.
Eg , I lost my book (is past simple)
I have lost my book (Is present Perfect.)
I,you,we,they Have Worked
He,she,it Has done

Eg: Using present Perfect.

Past: I have seen this movie.
True: I have found my keys.
Past: I have finished my homework.
Finished In past: I have cooked dinner.
Past: I have worked Here for five years.
Unfinished: I have lived here since 2002.
Past repetitive: I have shopped here for many years.
I have already Read That Book.
Finished
Our Team Has Just Won The Game.
She Has Worked Here For here for three Months.
She has worked here since January.
The flight has not arrived Yet.
Not Have Your ever been To Italy.
Finished He has Never eaten sushi.
How long Have you Know eachother.

For=Period of time
Since=Use in Point Time
We can use Present perfect For Unfinished time expression or No time expression.
Eg: how long have u know each other.
I have spoken to him three times this week.
I have spoken to him three times last week represent past tense
Have you ever visited Italy.
Present Perfect Tense
Positive Negative Question
Sub +Has/have+verb3rd form Sub+has/have+not+verb3rd Have/has+sub+verb3rdform

Sub +have+verb3rd form Sub+have+not+verb3rd Have+sub+verb3rdform

I , you ,we ,they=have Haven’t Eg:
Eg: I have Worked. Eg: I haven’t worked . Have you called?
You Have learned. They haven’t bought. Have I talked to you?
They Have gone. We haven not caught. Have we walked ?
We have worked.

He ,She ,it ,Name=Has She,he,it,name= hasn’t has+sub+verb3rdform

Sub +has+verb3rd form Sub+have+not+verb3rd
eg:
He has worked. She has not heard about Has He gone?
She has heard. you. Has she gone?
It has burned. He hasn’t ate. Has it lost?
It hasn’t hot.

I have= I’ve
You have=you’ve
They have=they’ve
We have=we’ve
She has=she’s
He has=he’s
Short answer:
Have you visited new York?
Yes,I have or no ,haven’t
Has she had dinner? Yes,she has or no, she hasn’t.

Exercise:
1 he_has developed _(develop) new app. Positive
2.We__Have been_(be) to London.
3)She _hasn’t given_(give)me an answer. Negative
4)They_haven’t singed_(sing)the contract.
5)_Have they made_ (they make) decision?
6)__has he taken_(he take) his medicine? Question
7)_Have you done_(you do)your homework?

Present Perfect Quiz

1. Which is correct?
 Have you ever visited Greece?
 Have you ever visit Greece?
 Have you visited Greece last year?
2. She __________ her homework.
 has do
 has done
 have done
3. Have you learned the present perfect tense?
 Yes, I've.
 Yes, I have.
 Yes, I've learned.
4. Which is correct?
 We been there many times,
 We be there many times.
 We have been there many times.
5. The children __________ their presents yet.
 haven't opened
 have open
 haven't open
6. __________ that book.
 I've already read
 I already red
 I've already readed
7. Which is correct?
 I've worked there since five months.
 I've worked there for five months.
 I've work there for five months.
8. I'm afraid she's not here at the moment. __________ to a meeting.
 She's gone
 She go
 She gone
9. __________ writing the report?
 You have finished
 Have you finished
 You finish

Present Continues Tense Quiz

1. Mary __________ to some customers right now.

 talking
  is talking
 are talking
2. Why are you __________ the car?
 stoppin
 stoping
 stopping
3. Peter's flight __________ right now.
 taking off
 is taking off
 take off
4. I'm very thirsty. I __________ some water, please.
 need
 am needing
 are needing
Stative verbs, such as "need", should not be used in a continuous form, such as the present continuous/present progressive tense. They
should be used in the simple form, such as the present simple tense.
5. We __________ London this year.
 ar'ent visiting
 are'nt visiting
 aren't visiting
6. They're __________ a lot of noise tonight.
 makking
 making
 makeing
For verbs ending in -e, drop the -e, and add -ing. For example: make - making drive - driving
7. What __________?
 he is cooking
 is he cooking
 he cooking
8. Are they arriving today?
 Yes, they is.
 Yes, they're.
 Yes, they are.
You cannot use a contraction to give a positive short answer.
9. Which is correct?
 He's coming home at 8:00.
 He coming home at 8:00.
 He come home at 8:00.
10. She's __________ her shoelaces.
 tying
 tieing
 tiying
For verbs ending in -ie, drop the -ie, add -y, and add -ing. For example: tie - tying lie - lying

Present Perfect Continues Tense

 Connect Present +past
  Started In past/Continuing In present

(Present Perfect Tense) I have cooked dinner.

Present Perfect I have been Cooking Dinner
Continues Tens.
I ,you,we,they Have Been

Learning
She,he,it Has Been

 Use PPCT when we have something Started in past and still

continuing.eg We have been working on this project for six
months. Sea Level Have Been Rising.
 We can also use PPCT for the action we have started in past
and Just finished. Eg I have been calling My friend for hours.
Es2 We have been waiting for you .
 Also use for common expressions.
Eg I have been studying for three hours.
I have been studying Since 5:00 o clock.
Its has been raining all day.
She has been exercising a lot lately/ recently.

We can not use PPCT with stative verb

Eg I have been knowing john for two years.
I have known john for 2 years.
He has been Liking this book all his life.
He has liked this book all his life.

Positive Negative Questions

Sub+ have been+ verb+Ing Sub+ have +not+been+ have +Sub+ been+
I,you,they,we+ Have verb+ Ing. verb+Ing?
been+verb+ing. I,you,they,we+ I,you,they,we.
Eg:I have been working. Have+not+been+verb+ing. Eg , have you been
You have been sleeping. Eg,I have not been working?
They have been running. sleeping. We can
We have been working use(where,what etc.)

Sub+ has Been+ verb+ ing Sub+ has +not+been+ has +Sub+ been+
She,he,it+hasbeen+verb+ing verb+ Ing. verb+Ing?
. She,he,it
Eg, she has been working. Has+not+been+verb+ing He,she,it
He has been weeping. Where has she been
It has been running. She has not been crying. hiding?

Exercise:
1.they watch 2.we pay 3.she sleep 4.he teaches
5.She sleeps 6.It works 7.They Go 8.You attend.
9.She Organizes .
Eg they have been living in new York.
He has been reading.
 Present perfect continues Tense Quiz.
1. Which is correct?
 I have known him for a long time.
 I have been knowing him for a long time.
 (Both answers are correct.)
You cannot use stative verbs like "to know" in the continuous form.
2. They __________ in this department since January.
 are working
 is working
 have been working
 has been working
3. She's been trying to reach you __________ 2:00. Please call her right away.
 for
 since
4. Which is correct?
 What have you been done?
 What have you doing?
 What have you been doing?
5. __________ for a job?
 How long have he been looking
 How long he have been looking
 How long has he been looking
 How long he has been looking
6. __________ for hours.
 It has bin snowing
 It has been snowing
 It have been snowing
7. She __________ to school.
 isn't been going
 haven't been going
 hasn't been going
8. Which is correct?
 We has been learning French for a few months.
 We been learning French for a few months.
 We have been learning French for a few months.
9. "How long have they been waiting for us?"
 This question is correct.
 This question is incorrect.
10. We're tired now. We __________ all day.
 has been cooking
 have been cooking
 have been cooked
Answer Of PPCT

1. Which is correct?
 I have known him for a long time.
 I have been knowing him for a long time.
 (Both answers are correct.)
You cannot use stative verbs like "to know" in the continuous form.
2. They __________ in this department since January.
 are working
 is working
 have been working
 has been working
3. She's been trying to reach you __________ 2:00. Please call her right away.
 for
 since
4. Which is correct?
 What have you been done?
 What have you doing?
 What have you been doing?
5. __________ for a job?
 How long have he been looking
 How long he have been looking
 How long has he been looking
 How long he has been looking
6. __________ for hours.
 It has bin snowing
 It has been snowing
 It have been snowing
7. She __________ to school.
 isn't been going
 haven't been going
 hasn't been going
8. Which is correct?
 We has been learning French for a few months.
 We been learning French for a few months.
 We have been learning French for a few months.
9. "How long have they been waiting for us?"
 This question is correct.
 This question is incorrect.
10. We're tired now. We __________ all day.
 has been cooking
 have been cooking
 have been cooked
 Past Tense
Past Simple Tense: In which Sentence in last we
use,tha,thi,the,ya,yi,ye.

Now
Time Before Now is Past.

Act, situation started

and over in past.
I
If Base Verb is eg I work.
In past eg I,you,we,they worked.
With time Expression Without Time Expression
Brain Called last week. I cooked dinner
Recent Past Distant Past
We Visited her She lived in London
Yesterday a long time ago.

Regular Verb Irregular Verb

Work- Worked Go-went
Clean-Cleaned See-saw
Watch-Watched Buy-Bought.
Positive/Affirmative Negative Question/interrogative
Sub+verb2nd form. Sub+did+not+Verb fist Did+Sub+Verb1st
form.(did+not,didn’t) form.
I,you,we,they,he,she,it i,you,we,they,he,she,it Did+
Eg: I worked. Eg: I didn’t work. I,you,we,they,he,she,it.
You ate. You did not eat. Eg: Did you work
They went. They did not go. yesterday.
She went. She Didn’t go. Did they go for
He dropped. He didn’t run.. shopping last week.

1. I play tennis. I played tennis.

2. They study math. They studied math.
3. It rained. I didn’t rain.
4. John called. John did not call.
5. Alex sent the email. - Did alex send email?
6. They stayed at hotel.- where did they stay?
7. She arrived at 6:00 o clock.-when did she arrived?
Irregular verb.
1.forget{ we_forgot______ our tickets.
2.sleep.{she _slept early.
3.teach(taught____science.
4.spoke.( they_didn’t speak______ Spanish?
5.hurt.( it didn’t hurt.
6.knew(I didn’t know u were here.
7. I met your manager at the meeting.
Where did u meet my manager?
Find mistakes:

Tense: I give him the laptop.

In past tense: I gave him laptop.
Verb: she writed the report.
She wrote the report.
They didn’t called.
They didn’t call.
Did you have lunch?
Did you had lunch?
He stoped smoking.
He stopped smoking.
Helping verb: he wake up early.
Did you wake up early?
“Used to” and “would” can both be used to talk
about things that were done in the past,
“Use to”
Past Habbits we don’t do now.
Time period.
Eg we used to go to the beach .when I was young.
I used to smoke.but now I don’t.
She_____eat meat.

Would : Repeated actions or routine action .

Eg.we would go to the beach every day.
I would smoke at cottage.
I ________ 100 km every day.

Past Continues Tense

Past Continues -Continued During Past.
I was Working, He was working ,She was working, They were
working, You were working, We were Listening.
Use Of Past Continues Tense.
Continuing Sarah Was Studying All day.
During Period.
Continuing At 11 AM, I was Sleeping.
During Moment.
Continuing They were having dinner, when we arrived.
During
Interruption.
Planned Action I was planning To call john but I didn’t have
time.
Polite Request I was wondering If you Could Help me.

Where Not to use Stative Verb in Past Continues Tense.

I was knowing him for many years. . I knew Him for Many Years.
Susan was Hating Spiders. She hated Spiders. Past
They were Owing a big house. They owned Big house. Simple
We were went to call you. we wanted to call you.
She was needing to cathc Her flight.

Past Continues Tense.

Sub + was/were +Verb+ ing.
 Positive Negative Question
Sub+was+verb+ing. Sub+was+not+verb+ing. Was+sub+verb+ing?

I,he,she,it+was+verb+ing. I,he,she,it+was+not+ Was+I,she,he,it+Verb+ing

verb+ing.
I was working. Was he working?
She was not sleeping. How long was she working?
How much was it running?
Sub+were+verb+ing. Sub+were+not+verb+ing Were+ sub+ verb+ ing.
.
You,we,they+were+verb+ing. Were+you,we,they+verb+ing
We,you,they+were+not+
They were dancing in verb+ing. Were you running?
moonlight.
They were not talking to Where were you running?
You were starring at sky. her.
Were they having party?
You were not making fun
of her. Were we listening our
mom’s?
We were not stopping
them to come. When were we listening our
mom’s?

Was not = wasn’t. = I wasn’t working.

Were not = weren’t= we weren’t watching.

Spell verbs
Most verb Add+ing Talk – talking, sell-
selling .
Verbs Ending in -e Drop -e Make-making,take-
taking.
Verbs ending in-ie Drop-ie, add-y Tie-tying,
Lie-lying.

Short answering.
Was he playing video game?
Yes’ he was.
Were they studying for test?
Yes, they were. Or no, they weren’t.

Practice
Past Continues Tense
1 I am learning. I was Learning.
2 We are wating. We were waiting.
3 He is singing. He was singing.
4 Ruby was teaching. Ruby was not teaching.
5 Simon was winning. Simon wasn’t winning.
6 We were learning. We weren’t learning .
7 Steven was going to the conference. Where was steven going?

What were you dong?

Where were you going?
Who were you talking to?