Science Practice Exam

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Ecology + Chemistry Student-Made Exam

Part 1: Multiple choice [K30]

1. Who created the periodic table?


a. Niels Bohr
b. Dmitri Mendeleev
c. John Dalton
d. J.J Thomson

2. Which Column number on the periodic table can you find Halogens?
a. 18
b. 12
c. 8
d. 17

3. What are valence electrons?


a. The outer electric shell of an atom
b. The average mass of the element’s atoms
c. A negatively charged atom
d. The number of electrons in an atom

4. What two terms are considered a pure substance?


a. Mixture
b. Compound
c. Element
d. Suspension

5. Which of the following is a physical change?


a. Melting cheese
b. Milk souring
c. Bicycle rusting
d. Burning wood

6. Which of the following is a chemical change?


a. Ice melting
b. Tearing paper
c. Paper catching fire
d. Breaking glass

7. Which of the following properties indicates a substance is an iconic compound?


a. It has a low boiling point
b. It has a high melting point
c. It does not dissolve easily in water
d. It does not conduct electricity when in a solution with water
8. Which of the following prefixes indicates the number 4?
a. Nona
b. Hepta
c. Tetra
d. Penta

9. J.J Thomson used a cathode ray tube to discover which subatomic particle?
a. Neutron
b. Electron
c. Proton
d. Positron

10. Chlorine is a dangerous chemical that is often used to purify water in drinking water supplies
and swimming pools. Liquid chlorine boils at a temperature of -101°C. What is the name of this
change of state?
a. Condensing
b. Evaporation
c. Melting
d. Sublimation

11. Which of the following answers was not part of John Dalton’s theory of matter?
a. Very atom of a particular element has identical properties such as size and mass
b. Atoms combine in random ways to form new substances
c. All matter is made up of small indivisible particles called atoms
d. Atoms of different elements have different properties

12. Which contribution to the atomic theory was made by Earnest Rutherford, whose work revealed
that atoms must consist mostly of empty space, with only a tiny nucleus in the centre?
a. He used a cathode ray tube to shoot electrons at a screen, then created an atomic
model showing electrons
b. He shot radioactive particles at gold foil, saw some deflected, and devised an atomic
model with a solid, positively charged nucleus
c. He examined the properties of electrons in atoms and created an atomic model showing
negatively charged electrons existing in shells around a positively charged nucleus

13. What does the atomic number of an element represent?


a. The number of neutrons in the nucleus of an element
b. The number of protons in the nucleus of an element
c. The number of electrons in the nucleus of an element
d. The number of electrons around the nucleus of an element

14. How do molecular bonds form?


a. Electrons transfer from a metal atom to a non-metal atom
b. Electrons are shared between positive and negative ions
c. Electrons are shared between two non-metal atoms
15. In general, ionic compounds are often formed from which of the following combinations?
a. A metalloid ion and a non-metal ion
b. A metal ion and a non-metal ion
c. Two metal ions
d. Two non metal ions

16. Which of the following is an abiotic factor?


a. The size and number of each species of fish
b. The temperature and oxygen content of the water
c. The number of each type of green plant and each type of snail
d. The mass of fish over a period of time

17. Which of the following are not a heterotroph?


a. Sunflower
b. Any fungi
c. Any bacteria
d. Baby deer

18. Which of the following is a scavenger?


a. Oak tree
b. Lion
c. Hyena
d. Berry bush

19. Which of the following is a detritivore?


a. Lice
b. Fungi
c. Poison ivy
d. Willow tree

20. Algae provides food to fungus obtained from photosynthesis, while the fungus provides
anchoring and protection to the algae. What is this an example of?
a. Partitioning
b. Mutualism
c. Commensalism
d. Parasitism

21. Which is best described as population?


a. All the honeybees in an orchard
b. All the plants and animals in a forest
c. The life in Earth’s atmosphere
d. The living and non-living factors in a meadow

22. Which trophic level is made up of herbivores?


a. Producers
b. Primary consumers
c. Secondary consumers
d. Tertiary consumers
23. In the nitrogen cycle, which organisms converts nitrogen gas to ammonia?
a. Nitrifying bacteria
b. Denitrifying bacteria
c. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
d. Ammonia

24. In the carbon cycle, carbon dioxide gets into the oceans through:
a. Dissolving
b. Transpiration
c. Runoff
d. Infiltration

25. Which of the following is an example of a passive strategy?


a. Running from a predator
b. A skunk spraying a predator
c. A hare that has fur blending in its surroundings
d. Hiding in a bush

26. A forest that grows back after being flooded by lava from an erupted volcano is an example of
the process of:
a. Ecological hierarchy
b. Primary ecological succession
c. Secondary ecological succession
d. Cellular respiration

27. A peacock flashing its feathers at another bird is an example of:


a. Direct competition
b. Partitioning
c. Pre-emptive competition
d. Mimicry

28. If population is less than carrying capacity:


a. It will grow
b. It will decline due to lack of resources
c. It will slow the start of population growth
d. It will increase plant reproduction

29. What is the definition of habitat fragmentation?


a. The ability of populations of organisms to continue to live, to interact, and to reproduce
indefinitely in an environment
b. The process in which habitats are altered enough by humans so that native species can
no longer live there
c. Alteration of small areas within a large region, creating patchwork of altered and
original habitats
d. Unplanned, disorganized growth of urban and suburban development into the
surrounding countryside
30. What is the process in which humans protect species by removing them from their natural
habitat?
a. Trophic cascade
b. In-situation conversation
c. Ex-situ conversation
d. Overexploitation

Part 2: Fill in the blank [10T]

a) An _________ is an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide,
or other chemicals.

b) ___________ ___________ show the amount of available energy the producers and consumers
contain as energy flows through the ecosystem.

c) Competition has two categories, ________ _____________ which involves a physical


altercation, and _______________ ________________ which isn’t a direct confrontation, but
involves a behavior that gives the organism an advantage.

d) The carrying capacity for a particular species is controlled by the environment’s _____________
___________.

e) Biodiversity ensures that there are numerous species to fill a _________ and help to make an
ecosystem sustainable.

f) ____________________ is using a resource faster than it can be replaced or replenished.

g) Car emission chemicals building up in birds and other animals over time is an example of
_____________.

h) The mermithid is a bug that stays in the earwig until it is mature, and forces the earwig to enter
a body of water and drown itself. This allows the worm to emerge and mate as it only can in
water. This is an example of _______________.

i) Denitrifying bacteria converts _________ back into __________, which returns back into the
atmosphere.

j) An ecosystem is ________________ if it continues to function over very long periods of time.


Part 3: True or false [10T]

Indicate whether a statement is true (T) or false (F).

a) ____ An aquatic biome that has a sale concentration of more than 3% is considered a
freshwater biome.

b) ____ A species population that is at its equilibrium means that the population will remain
around the same value.

c) ____ Two organisms that look like each other and share the same ability to inject venom is an
example of mullerian mimicry.

d) ____ The exponential growth phase is when the population fluctuates below and at the carrying
capacity.

e) ____ Point source pollution is when pollution enters bodies of water through run-off.

f) ____ Using rich soil that took hundreds of years to form is a factor of no till farming.

g) ____ Competition occurs when one organism eats another organism to obtain food.

h) ____ Two fish swimming around a coral reef is an example of an interspecific interaction.

i) ____ Primary succession is the transition from bare rock to a stable ecosystem. This takes 1000s
of years.

j) ____ Agriculture requires water, land, and vegetation.

Part 4: Short answer

1. Identify the following as a physical (P) or chemical (C) change.

Melting cheese ____ Wadding up paper ____

Burning wood ____ Bicycle rusting ____

Milk Souring ____ Digesting a banana ____


2. For the following element or ions:
a. Draw a Bohr-Rutherford diagram

Mg²⁺ Li

b. Fill in the following table:


Ion Name Symbol No# p⁺ No# e⁻ Charge
Berylium ion Be²⁺ 4 2 +2

Arsenic ion As3- 33 36 -3

Aluminum ion Al3+ 13 10 +3

Selenium ion Se2- 34 36 -2

Rubidium ion Rb1+ 37 36 +1

c. Draw Bohr-Rutherford diagrams from the following elements and ions:

1. Sodium 2. Fluoride ion


d. Fill in the following table of ionic and molecular compounds. For ionic compounds list
the anion and cation. If it is a molecular compound lead the cation and anion blank.
Name of Compound Cation (+) Anion (-) Chemical Formula

Potassium iodide K1+ I1- KI

Aluminum oxide Al3+ O2- Al2O3

Calcium phosphide Ca²⁺ P³⁻ P2Ca3

Aluminum chloride Al3+ Cl1- Al3Cl1

Dihydrogen Monosulphide H2S

Hydrogen peroxide REMEBER MEMORIZE H2O2


THIS THIS
Calcuim flouride Ca2+ F1- CaF2

Barium chloride Ba2+ CI1- BaCl2

Lithium nitride Li1+ N3- Li3N

Barium Monooxide BaO

Sodium Sulfide Na1+ S2- Na2S1

Sodium Bromide Na1+ Br1- NaBr

Diophosphorus trisulfide P2S3

e. Fill in the missing terms on the classifying matter chart.


f. State the 3 main carbon reservoirs
indicated in the diagram. For each
reservoir, state the form of carbon
present.
Reservoir: __________

Carbon form: __________

Reservoir: __________

Carbon form: __________

Reservoir: __________

Carbon form: __________

g. State the three main bacteria types indicated in the diagram. For each type of bacteria
state the forms of nitrogen it converts.

Bacteria: __________

Converts: _________

_________________

Bacteria: __________

Converts: _________

_________________

Bacteria: __________

Converts: _________

_________________
h. Label the missing words in the water cycle.

i. State the difference between a decomposer and a detritivore.

j. State the levels of ecological hierarchy in order smallest to largest.

k. Describe why biodiversity is necessary to make an ecosystem sustainable.


l. What would happen if all the lions in a savannah were removed?

m. Name the reaction that begins with carbon dioxide and water and takes place in
the chloroplasts of plant cells. Write the reaction using proper chemical
formulas.

n. Name the reaction that is opposite to the one above and write the proper
chemical formula. In which cell part does this reaction take place?

Part 4: Written response:


1. Describe the differences between physical and chemical properties, and physical and
chemical change. Provide examples for each.

2. Explain the difference between each of the following terms.

a. Alkali metal and Alkali earth metal

b. Neutral atom and ion

c. Pure substance and mixture


d. Ionic compound and molecular compound

e. Halogens and noble gases

f. Chose one of the following scientists and explain what their contributions to the atomic
theory were.
i. John Dalton

ii. J.J. Thomson

iii. Earnest Rutherford

iv. Niels Bohr

g. With reference to one of the following substances: CFC’s, benzene, pesticides, or


mercury describe how the human use of chemicals can be harmful to the environment.
h. Discuss 2 ways humans are threatening biodiversity (ex. Draining wetlands,
deforestation, invasive species, extinction). Why is it difficult to prevent this? What can
be done to improve the situation?

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