Complex Number 7.

23

Exercise - 1 Objective Problems | JEE Main

SECTION - A & B 9. If |z1 – 1| < 1, |z2 – 2| < 2, |z3 – 3| < 3 then

NUMBER SYSTEM / BASIC OPERATIONS |z1 + z2 + z3|
(A) is less than 6 (B) is more than 3
n
 1+i  (C) is less than 12 (D) lies between 6 and 12
1. Find the least value of n (n  N), for which  
 1- i 
is real 10. If iz3 + z2 – z + i = 0, then |z| equals
(A) 1 (B) 2 (A) 4 (B) 3
(C) 3 (D) 4 (C) 2 (D) 1

2. The number of solutions of the system of equations SECTION -F : ARGUMENT

Re (z2) = 0, |z| = 2 is
11. Let z and w are two non zero complex number such
(A) 4 (B) 3
that |z| = |w| , and Arg (z) + Arg (w) = then-
(C) 2 (D) 1
(A) z = w (B) z = w
3. If (a + ib)5 =  +i then (b + ia)5 is equal to (C) z = w (D) z = – w
(A)  + i (B)  – i
(C)  – i (D) –  – i 12. Let z, w be complex numbers such that
z + i w = 0 and arg zw = . Then arg z equals-
4. Let z (2) be a complex number such that (A)/4 (B) /2
log1/2|z – 2| > log1/2|z|, then (C) 3/4 (D) 5/4
(A) Re(z) > 1 (B) Im(z) > 1
(C) Re(z) = 1 (D) Im(z) = 1 13. If z1 = –3 + 5 i; z2 = –5 – 3 i and z is a complex
number lying on the line segment joining z1 & z2,
SECTION - C then arg(z) can be
ALGEBRA OF COMPLEX NUMBER
3 
5. In one root of the quadratic equation (A) – (B) –
4 4
(1 + i) x2– (7 + 3i) x + (6 + 8i) = 0 is 4 – 3i, then the
other root must be  5
(C) (D)
(A) 1 + i (B) 4 + 3i 6 6
(C) 1 – i (D) 4i + 3
14. If z and  are two non- zero comlex numbers such
SECTION - D : CONJUGATE
z- 1 
6. If z ( – 1) is a complex number such that is that |z| = 1, and Arg (z) – Arg () = , then z  is
2
z+ 1
purely imaginary, then |z| is equal to equal to-
(A) 1 (B) 2 (A) – i (B) 1
(C) 3 (D) 5 (C) – 1 (D) i

7. If (1 + i)z = (1 – i) z then z is SECTION -G , H , I & J

(A) t(1 – i), t  R (B) t (1 + i), t  R CARTESIAN FORM /POLAR FORM /EULER'S
FORM / DEMOVIRE'S THEOREM & APPLICATION
t
(C) , t  R+ (D) None of these
1 i   
15. If zr = cos  r  + i sin  r  , r = 1, 2,...... then z
1
SECTION -E : MODULUS 2  2 

8. If |z – 2|  |z – 4| then correct statement is- z2 z3..... is equal to

(A) R (z)  3 (B) R(z)  3 (A) –1 (B) i
(C) R(z)  2 (D) R(z)  2 (C) – i (D) 1
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7.24 Theory and Exercise Book

(D) None of these

n
1  i tan   1  i tan n
16. The expression   when 22. If i= 1 , then
1  i tan   1  i tan n
334 365
 1 i 3  1 i 3
simplified reduces to 4+5   2  2  +3   2  2  is equal to
   
(A) zero (B) 2 sin n 
(C) 2 cos n  (D) None of these (A) 1i 3 (B)  1 + i 3

(C) i 3 (D)  i 3
SECTION -K
nTH ROOTS OF UNITY
1 3
17. If  is non real and  = 5
1 then the value of 23. Let  = – + i . Then the value of the
2 2
2
  2   1 |
2 |1    is equal to 1 1 1
2 2
(A) 4 (B) 2 determinant 1 -1 - ω ω is
1 ω2 ω4
(C) 1 (D) None of these
(A) 3 (B) 3(– 1)
18. Number of roots of the equation z10 – z5 – 992 = 0 (C) 32 (D) 3(1 –)
with real part negative is
24.  is an imaginary cube root of unity. If (1 + 2)m =
(A) 3 (B) 4
(1 + )m, then the least positive integral value of m
(C) 5 (D) 6 is
(A) 6 (B) 5
SECTION -L (C) 4 (D) 3
CUBE ROOTS OF UNITY
25. If a, b, c are integers not all equal and  is cube root
19. If the cube roots of unity are 1, , 2 then the roots of unity (  1), then the minimum value of |a + b
of the equation (x–1)3 +8=0, are + c2| is
(A) –1, –1 + 2, – 1 – 22 (A) 0 (B) 1
(B) –1, –1, –1 (C) 3/2 (D) 1/2
(C) –1, 1 – 2, 1 – 22
(D) –1, 1 + 2, 1 + 22 26. If x2 + x + 1 = 0 then the numerical value of the
expression
20. If  and  are the imaginary cube roots of unity
2 2 2 2
 1  2 1   3 1   4 1 
1  x   + x  2  + x  3  + x  4 
then find the value of 100 + 100 +  x  x   x   x 
 .100
100

2
 27 1 
(A) 2 (B) 4 +...... ...... +  x  27  is
 x 
(C) 0 (D) 3
(A) 54 (B) 36
(C) 27 (D) 18
21. If p = a + b + c2; q = b + c + a2 and
r = c + a + b2 where a, b, c  0 and  is the 27. If 1, , 2,......, n – 1 are nth roots of unity. The
complex cube root of unity then value of (3 – ) (3 –2) (3 – 3).....(3 – n – 1) is
(A) p + q + r = a + b + c (A) n (B) 0
(B) p2+q2+r2=a2+b2+c2 3n  1 3n  1
(C) (D)
(C) p2+q2+r2 =2(pq+qr+rp) 2 2

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 Complex Number 7.25

28. If w  1 is nth root of unity, then value of 36. If the complex numbers iz, z and z + iz represent
n 1 the three vertices of a triangle then the area of the
| z 1  w k z 2 |2 is
k 0
triangle is
(A) n(|z1|2 + |z2|2) (B) |z1|2 + |z2|2 1
(A) |z –1| (B) |z|2
(C) (|z1| + |z2|)2 (D) n(|z1| + |z2|)2 2
1
(C) |z|2 (D) |z – 1|2
29. If w ( 1) is a cube root of unity, then 2

1 1  i  2 2 37. Complex number z1, z2 and z3 in AP

1 i 1 2  1 (A) lie on ellipse (B) lie on a parabola
equals
i i    1 1 (C) lie on line (D) lie on circle
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) i (D)  38. For all complex numbers z1, z2 satisfying |z1| = 12
and |z2 – 3 – 4i| = 5, the minimum value of |z1 – z2| is
30. The product of cube roots of –1 is equal to (A) 0 (B) 2
(A) –2 (B) 0 (C) 7 (D) 13
(C) –1 (D) 4
39. The complex numbers z 1 , z 2 and z 3 satisfying
SECTION - M , N & O
z1  z 3 1  i 3
GEOMETRY / DISTANCE FORMULA /
z2  z3 = 2 are the vertices of a triangle
SECTION FORMULA
which is
31. The curve represented by Re(z)2 = 4 is (A) of area zero
(A) a parabola (B) an ellipse (B) right angled isosceles
(C) a circle (D) a rectangular hyperbola (C) equilateral
(D) obtuse angled isosceles
32. If |z1| = |z2| = |z3| = 1 and z1, z2, z3 are represented
by the vertices of an equilateral triangle then SECTION -S : MIXED PROBLEMS
(A) z1 + z2 + z3 = 0 (B) z1z2z3 = 1
40. The equation of the radical axis of the two circles
(C) z1z2 + z2z3 + z3z1 = 1 (D) None of these
represented by the equations, |z – 2| = 3 and |z –
2 – 3i| = 4 on the complex plane is
33. The curve represented by |z| = Re(z) + 2 is
(A) a straight line (B) a circle (A) 3iz – 3i z – 2 = 0 (B) 3iz – 3i z + 2 = 0
(C) an ellipse (D) Parabola (C) iz – i z + 1 = 0 (D) 2iz – 2i z + 3 = 0

34. Let A, B, C represent the complex numbers z1, z2, z3 41. If z1, z2, z3,.....,zn lie on the circle |z| = 2, then the
respectively on the complex plane. If the value of
circumcentre of the triangle ABC lies at the origin, 1 1 1
then the orthocentre is represented by the complex E = |z1 + z2 + ...... + zn| – 4 z  z  .....  z is
1 2 n
number (A) 0 (B) n
(A) z1 + z2 – z3 (B) z2 + z3 – z1
(C) z3 + z1 – z2 (D) z1 + z2 + z3 n
(C) –n (D)
2
35. If |z2 – 1| = |z2| + 1, then z lies on
(A) Parabola (B) the imaginary axis
(C) a circle (D) an ellipse

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7.26 Theory and Exercise Book

Exercise - 2 (Level-I) Objective Problems | JEE Main

MODULUS 
7. If Arg (z – 2 – 3i) = , then the locus of z is
1. If z 1 , z 2 , z 3 are complex number such that 4

(2, 3)
1 1 1
|z1|=|z2|=|z3|=   =1, then |z1+z2+z3| is (A)
z1 z 2 z 3

(A) equal to 1 (B) less than 1 (2, 3)

(C) greater than 3 (D) equal to 3 (B)

2. If |z1| = 2, |z2| = 3, |z3| = 4 and

y
|2z1 + 3z2 + 4z3| = 4 then absolute value of
8z2z3 + 27z3z1 + 64z1z2 equals (C) x

(A) 24 (B) 48 (–2, –3)

(C) 72 (D) 96

3. If |z| = max {|z – 1|, |z + 1|} then y

(A) |z + z | = 1/2 (B) z + z = 1

(D) x
(C) |z + z | = 1 (D) None of these
(–2, –3)

ARGUMENT

4. If z is a complex number such that |z| = 4 and arg(z)

5 GEOMETRY
= , then z is equal to
6 8. The locus of z which lies in shaded region is best
(A) –2 3 + 2i (B) 2 3 + i represented by

(C) 2 3 – 2i (D) – 3 +i

5. The argument of the complex number

6  6 
sin  i  1  cos  is  
5  5  (A) |z|  1,  arg z 
2 2
6 5
(A) (B)
5 6  
(B) |z| = 1,  arg z 
9 2 2 2
(C) (D)
10 5

(C) |z|  0, 0  arg z 
6. If z 1 and z 2 are two non-zero complex numbers 2
such that | z 1 +z 2 |=| z 1 |+| z 2 |, then arg z 1 – arg
z 2 is equal to - 
(D) |z|  1,  arg z 
 2
(A) (B) –
2

(C) 0 (D)
2

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 Complex Number 7.27

9. If z 1 & z 2 are two complex number & if 14. The points of intersection of the two curves
|z – 3| = 2 and |z| = 2 in an argand plane are
z1  z 2 
arg z  z  2 but |z 1 +z 2 |  |z 1 –z 2 | then the
1 2 1 1
(A) (7  i 3) (B) (3  i 7 )
figure formed by the points represented by 0, z1, 2 2
z2 & z 1 + z 2 is
(A) a parallelogram but not a rectangle or a rhombus 3 7 7 3
(C) i (D) i
(B) a rectangle but not a square 2 2 2 2
(C) a rhombus but not a square
(D) a square 15. The region of Argand diagram defined by
|z – 1| + |z + 1|  4 is
ROTATION
(A) interior of an ellipse
10. If magnitude of a complex number 4 – 3i is tripled (B) exterior of a circle
and is rotated by an angle  anticlockwise then (C) interior and boundary of an ellipse
resulting complex number would be (D) interior and boundary of a circle.
(A) –12+9i (B) 12 + 9i z
16. If w = and | w | = 1, then z lies on -
(C) 7 – 6i (D) 7 + 6i 1
z i
3

STRAIGHT LINE & CIRCLE

(A) an ellipse (B) a circle
(C) a straight line (D) a parabola
11. The points z1, z2, z3, z4 in the complex plane are the
vertices of a parallelogram taken in order if and
17. The locus of z which lies in sha ded region
only if
(excluding the boundaries) is best represented
(A) z1 + z4 = z2 + z3 (B) z1 + z3 = z2 + z4
by
(C) z1 + z2 = z3 + z4 (D) None of these

P( 2  1, 2 )
12. The equation |z – 1|2 + |z + 1|2 = 2 represents
(–1,0) (1,0)
(A) a circle of radius ‘1’ (B) a straight line
Q( 2  1, 2 )
(C) the ordered pair (0, 0) (D) None of these

(A) z : |z + 1| > 2 and |arg (z + 1)| < /4

13. The points z1 = 3 + 3 i and z2 = 2 3 + 6 i are (B) z : |z – 1| > 2 and |arg (z – 1)| < /4
(C) z : |z + 1| < 2 and |arg (z + 1)| < /2
given on a complex plane. The complex number
(D) z : |z – 1| < 2 and |arg (z – 1)| < /2
lying on the bisector of the angle formed by the
vectors z1 and z2 is
18. If z = x + iy then the equation of a straight line Ax +
By + C = 0 where A, B, C  R, can be written on
(3  2 3) 32
(A) z =  i the complex plane in the form az  az  2C  0
2 2
where ‘a’ is equal to
(B) z = 5 + 5 i
(C) z = 3 + i (A  iB) A  iB
(A) (B)
2 2
(D) 5 + 3i
(C) A+iB (D) None of these

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7.28 Theory and Exercise Book

MIXED PROBLEMS 21. Let z1 and z2 be to non real complex cube roots of
19. Points z1 & z2 are adjacent vertices of a regular unity and |z – z1|2 + |z – z2|2 =  be the equation of a
octagon. The vertex z3 adjacent to z2 (z3  z1) is circle with z1, z2 as ends of a diameter then the
represented by value of  is
1 (A) 4 (B) 3
(A) z2 + (1±i) (z1+z2)
2 (C) 2 (D) 2
1
(B) z2+ (1+i) (z1–z2)
2
1
22. The number of solutions of the equation in
(C) z2 + (1±i) (z2–z1) z, if z z – (3 + i)z – (3 – i) z – 6 = 0 is
2
(D) None of these (A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) infinite

20. If |z – 2 – 3i| + |z + 2 – 6i| = 4 where i =  1 then

locus of P(z) is
(A) an ellipse
(B) 
(C) segment joining the point 2 + 3i; – 2 + 6i
(D) None of these

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 Complex Number 7.29

Exercise - 2 (Level-II) Multiple Correct | JEE Advanced

BASIC OPERATIONS GEOMETRY

1. The value of in + i–n, for i = 1 and n   is 6. The equation |z – i| + |z + i| = k, k > 0, can

represent
2n (1  i)2n (1  i)2n (1  i)2n (A) an ellipse if k > 2
(A) 2n
 n (B) 
(1  i) 2 2n 2n (B) line segment if k = 2
(C) an ellipse if k = 4
(1  i)2n 2n 2n 2n (D) line segment if k = 1
(C)  (D) 
2n (1  i)2n (1  i)2n (1  i)2n
7. The equation ||z + i| – |z – i|| = k represents
MODULUS (A) a hyperbola if 0 < k < 2
2. If z is a complex number then the equation (B) a pair of ray if k > 2
z2 + z |z| + |z2| = 0 is satisfied by (C) a straight line if k = 0
( and 2 are imaginary cube roots of unity) (D) a pair of ray if k = 2
(A) z = kwhere k  R
(B) z = k2 where k is positive real
8. ABCD is a square, vertices being taken in the
(C) z = k where k is positive real
anticlockwise sense. If A represents the complex
(D) z = k 2 where k  R
number z and the intersection of the diagonals is
ARGUMENT the origin then
3. If z satisfies the inequality |z – 1 – 2i|  1, then (A) B represents the complex number iz
3 (B) D represents the complex number i z
(A) min (arg (z)) = tan–1  
4 (C) B represents the complex number i z
 (D) D represents the complex number – iz
(B) max (arg(z)) =
2
(C) min (|z|) = 5 – 1
STRAIGHT LINE
(D) max (|z|) = 5 +1
9. POQ is a straight line through the origin O, P
POLAR FORM and Q represent the complex number a + i b
1 1 and c + i d respectively and OP = OQ. Then
4. If 2 cos  = x + and 2 cos  = y + , then (A) |a + i b| = |c + i d|
x y
1 (B) a + c = b + d
(A) xn + = 2 cos (n) (C) arg (a + i b) = arg (c + i d)
xn
x y (D) None of these
(B) + = 2 cos (–)
y x
1 MIXED PROBLEMS
(C) xy + =2 cos ()
xy 10. If |z1 + z2|2 = |z1|2 + |z2|2 then
(D) None of these z1
(A) z is purely real
2
CUBE ROOTS OF UNITY
z1
5. If g(x) and h(x) are two real polynomials such that (B) z is purely imaginary
2
the polynomial g(x3) + xh (x3) is divisible by x2 + x (C) z1 z 2 + z2 z1 = 0
+ 1, then
z1 
(A) g(1) = h(1) = 0 (B) g(1) = h(1)  0 (D) amp z may be equal to
(C) g(1) = –h(1) (D) g(1) + h(1) = 0 2 2

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7.30 Theory and Exercise Book

Exercise - 3 | Subjective | JEE Advanced

1. Show that the product, iy satisfies both the equality |z – ai| = a + 4
2  2n  and the inequality |z – 2| < 1.
  1  i   1  i  1  i
1     1     ...... 1    
 7. If |z1| = |z2| =.....= |zn| = 1 then show that
  2     2    2 
 
1
 1  (i) z1 
= 1  2n  (1 + i) z1
 2  1 1 1
where n  2. (ii) |z1 + z2 + ..... + zn| = z  z  ......  z .
1 2 n

And hence interpret that the centroid of polygon

2. Without expanding the determinant at any stage,
1 1 1
find K  R such that with 2n vertices z1, z2 .... zn, , ,....
z1 z 2 zn
4i 8i 4  3i (need not be in order) lies on real axis.
8  i 16i i
has purely imaginary
4  Ki i 8i 8. If  & are any two complex numbers, prove that
(i) ||2 + ||2 = 2(||2 + ||2)
value.

2 2 2 2
3. Given that x, y  R solve (ii)          =|| + ||.
(a) (x + 2y) + i(2x – 3y) = 5 – 4i
(b) (x + iy) + (7 – 5i) = 9 + 4i 9. Prove that identity,
2 2 2 2 2 2
(c) x – y – i(2x + y) = 2i |1 – z1 z 2| – |z1 – z2| = (1 – |z1| ) (1 – |z2| )
2
(d) (2 + 3i)x – (3 – 2i) y = 2x – 3y + 5i
2 2 2 2 2
(e) 4x +3xy+(2xy–3x )i = 4y –(x /2) + (3xy–2y ) i 10. Among the complex numbers z satisfying the
condition |z + 3 – 3 i| = 3 , find the number
4. Prove that, with regard to the quadratic equation z2 having the least positive argument.
+ (p + ip) z + q + iq = 0; where p, p, q, q are all
2 2
real. 11. Given, z = cos + i sin , ‘n’ a positive
2n  1 2n  1
(a) If the equation has one real root then
integer, find the equation whose roots are,  = z
q2 – pp q + pq2 = 0.
+ z3 + .... + z2n – 1 &  = z2 + z4 +.......+ z2n.
(b) If the equation has two equal roots then 20
2i
k
p2 – p2 = 4q & pp = 2q. 12. (i) If   e 7 and f(x) = A0 + A x
k 1
k , then
State whether these equal roots are real or complex.
find the value of, f(x) + f(x) +.......+ f(6x)
independent of .
5. (a) Let Z is complex satisfying the equation,
2
(ii) Let  + i ; ,   R, be a root of the equation
z – (3 + i)z + m + 2i = 0, where m  R. Suppose the x3 + qx + r = 0,; q, r  R. Find a real cubic
equation has a real root, then find the value of m. equation, independent of  & , whose one
(b)a, b, c are real numbers in the polynomial, root is 2.
4 3 2
P(Z) = 2Z + aZ + bZ + cZ + 3. If two roots of
13. If A, B and C are the angles of a triangle
the equation P(Z) = 0 are 2 and i, then find the
value of ‘a’. e 2iA e iC e iB
e iC e 2iB e iA
6. Find the real values of the parameter ‘a’ for D= where i = 1
e iB e iA e 2iC
which at least one complex number z = x +
then find the value of D.
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 Complex Number 7.31

7
22. (a) (1 + w) = A + Bw where w is the imaginary
14. If n is a positive integer, prove the following cube root of of a unity and A, B  R, find the
(i) (1 + cos  + i sin )n + (1 + cos  – i sin )n ordered pair (A, B).
 n (b) The value of the expression ;
= 2n + 1 cosn cos . 2 2
2 2 1 . (2 – w) (2 – w ) + 2. (3 – w) (3 – w ) +
2
n ...... ........ + ( n – 1) . (n – w) (n – w ), where
+1 nπ
(ii) (1 + i)n + (1 – i)n = 2 2 .cos w is an imaginary cube root of unity is
4

23. If w is an imaginary cube root of unity then

15. Find all those roots of the equation z12 – 56z6 – 512 = 0
prove that
whose imaginary part is positive.
(a) (1  w + w2) (1  w2 + w4) (1  w4 + w8) .....
to 2n factors = 22n.
16. Let a complex number ,  1, be a root of the (b) If w is a complex cube root of unity , find
equation zp+q – zp – zq + 1 = 0, where p, q are distinct the value of (1 + w) (1 + w2) (1 + w4) (1 + w8)
primes. Show that either 1 + + 2 + ........ + p–1 = ..... to n factors.
0 or 1 +  + 2 + ....... + q–1 = 0, but not both
together. 24. Interpret the following locii in z  C.
(a) 1 < |z – 2i| < 3
17. Solve (z – 1)4 – 16 = 0. Find sum of roots. Locate (b) m (z)  1
roots, sum of roots and centroid of polygon formed (c) Arg(z – a) = /3 where a = 3 + 4i
by roots in complex plane.
25. If |z – 2 + i|  2, then find the greatest and least
value of |z|.
18. If  is the fifth root of unity then find value of

  1 26. If |z + 3|  3 then find minimum and maximum

log2 |1+ +  +  – |. values of

(i) |z| (ii) |z – 1|
19. If  is an imaginary cube root of unity then prove (iii) |z + 1|
that
2 3 2 3
(a) (1 +  –  ) – (1 –  +  ) = 0 27. If O is origin and affixes of P, Q, R are respectively
z, iz, z + iz. Locate the points on complex plane. If
2 5 2 5 PQR = 200 then find
(b) (1 –  +  ) + (1 +  –  ) = 32
(i) |z|
(ii) sides of quadrilateral OPRQ
(c) If  is the cube root of unity, Find the value of
2 4 4 2 3 2
(1 + 5 +  ) (1 + 5 +  ) (5 +  +  ).
28. Plot the region represented by Re(z)  2, m(z)  2

20. If  is a cube root of unity, prove that  3

and  arg(z)  .
2 3 2 3
(i) (1 +  –  ) – (1 –  +  ) = 0 8 8

a  b  c  2 2  z  8i  
(ii) 2 =
c  a  b  29. Let  : Arg   =±
 z6  2
2 4 8
(iii) (1 – ) (1 –  ) (1 –  ) (1 –  ) = 9
 z  8i 
2 2 II : Re   =0
21. If x = a + b; y = a + b ; z = a + b, show that  z6 
3
(i) xyz = a + b
3 Show that locus of z in  or  lies on x2+y2+6x –
8y=0 Hence show that locus of z can also be
2 2 2 z  8i z  8i
(ii) x + y + z = 6ab 
represented by = 0. Further if locus
z6 z6
3 3 3
(iii) x + y + z = 3 (a + b )
3 3 of z is expressed as |z + 3 – 4i| = R, then find R.

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7.32 Theory and Exercise Book

4 3 2
30. If a & b are real numbers between 0 & 1 such 38. If the biquadratic x + ax + bx + cx + d = 0 (a,
that the points z 1 = a + i, z 2 = 1 + bi & z 3 = 0 b, c, d  R) has 4 non real roots, two with sum
from an equilateral triangle, then find the values 3 + 4i and the other two with product 13 + i. Find
the value of ‘b’.
of ‘a’ and ‘b’.
39. If z1, z2 are the roots of the equation
31. (a) Find all non-zero complex numbers Z satisfying 2 2
az + bz + c = 0, with a , b, c > 0; 2b > 4a c
2
2 > b ; z 1  thi rd qua dra nt ; z 2  sec ond
Z = iZ .
quadrant in the argand’s plane then, show that
(b) If the complex numbers z1, z2,.......zn lie on te 1/ 2
 z1  –1
 b2 
unit circle |z| = 1 then show that arg  z  =2cos  
–1 –1 –1
|z1 + z2 + ..... + zn| = |z1 + z2 + ....... + zn |.
 2  4ac 

40. Find the set of points on the argand plane for which
32. Find the Cartesian equations of the locus of ‘z’ in the 2
the real part of the complex number (1 + i)z is positive
complex plane satisfying |z – 4| + |z + 4| = 16.
where z = x + iy, x , y  R and i = -1 .
33. Prove that the complex numbers z1 and z2 and the
41. If Zr, r = 1, 2, 3, ..... 2m, m  N are roots of the
origin form an isosceles triangle with vertical angle 2m 2m – 1 2m – 2
equation Z + Z +Z + ..... + Z + 1 = 0
2m
2/3 if z12  z 22 + z1z2 = 0 1
then prove that  Z  1 = – m
r 1 r

34. If the complex number P(w) lies on the standard

42. Show that all the roots of the equation
unit circle in an Argand’s plane and z=(aw+b) (w–
–1 n
c) then, find the locus of z and interpret it. Given  1  ix  1  ia
   a  R are real and distinct.
a, b, c are real.  1  ix  1  ia

35. (a) Let z = x + iy be a complex number, where x and COMPREHENSION TYPE

y are real numbers. Let A and B be the sets The equation zn – 1 = 0 has n roots which are called the nth
defied by A = {z| | z |  2} and B = {z | (1 – i)z roots of unity. The n, nth rotos of unity are
1,  ,  2, .....,  n– 1 which are in GP, where
+ (1 + i) z  4}. Find the area of region A  B.
 2π   2 
(b) For all real numbers x, let the mapping f(x) =  = cos  n  + i sin   ; i = -1 then we have
   n 
following results:
1
(where i = -1 ). If there exist real n -1 n -1
x- i  2πr 
(i) 
r =0
r
=0 or  cos  n 
=0 and
number a, b, c and d for which f(a), f(b), f(c) r=0

and f(d) form a square on the complex plane. n1

 2r 
Find the area of the square. sin 
r 0 n 
0

n 1
36. Given that, |z – 1| = 1, where ‘z’ is a point on the (ii) zn – 1 = 
r 0
r
0
z- 2
argand plane. Show that = i tan (arg z). n 1
z
(iii)  r
 (1)n 1
r 0

37. Dividing f(z) by z – i, we get the remainder i and n -1

dividing it by z + i, we get the remainder 1 + i. Find

2
(iv) α
r=0
kr
= 0 ,n,if ifk isk isn otm umultiple of n
ltiple of n
the remainder upon the division of f(z) by z + 1.

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 Complex Number 7.33

n -1 MATCH THE COLUMN

1
43. The value of  r =1 (2 - α r )
is equal to 45. Column-I Column-II
1
n
(n - 2)2 n -1 + 1 (A) If |ai|<1;i 0 for i=1,2,3,.....n (P) |z|n +
|z|
(A) (n – 2) 2 (B)
2n -1 and 1 + 2 + ... + n = 1 and 
(n  2)2 n 1
(n- 1)2 n -1 is a complex cube root of unity, then
(C) (D) |1 a1  + 2 a2 2 + ... + n ann|
2n  1 2n -1 cannot exceed

(B) If Re (z) < 0, then the value of (Q) 2

44. The algebraic sum of perpendicular distances from (1 + z + z2 + ... + zn) can not exceed
the points 1,,2,3,...n – 1 to the line a z  a z +
(C) If (1) is a cube root of unity, (R) n
b=0, (where a is complex number and b is real) is
equal to 1
then |1+2+32+...+ 3n3n – 1|
n n|b| 3
(A) (B) (n  N) cannot exceed (S) 1
2|a | 2a
nb nb (T) |a1| + |a2| + ... |an|
(C) | a | (D) 2 | a |

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7.34 Theory and Exercise Book

Exercise - 4 | Level-I Previous Year | JEE Main

1. If z2 + z + 1 = 0, where z is a complex number, then
2 2 2 9. If z is a complex number of unit modulus and
 1  2 1   3 1 
the value of  z   +  z  2  +  z  3  +  1 z 
 z  z   z  argument , then arg   equals
2  1 z 
 6 1  [JEE-MAIN 2013]
..... +  z  6  is– [AIEEE 2006] (A)  (B)  – 
 z 
(A) 54 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 18 
(C) – (D) –
2
2. If |z + 4|  3, then the maximum and minimum value
of |z + 1| are - [AIEEE - 2007] 10. If z is a complex number such that |z|  2, then the
(A) 4, 1 (B) 4, 0
(C) 6, 1 (D) 6, 0 1
minimum value of z  :
2
1 5
3. The conjugate of a complex number is . Then (A) is equal to [JEE-MAIN 2014]
i 1 2
that complex number is- [AIEEE - 2008] (B) lies in the interval (1, 2)
1 1 5
(A) (B) (C) is strictly greater than
i 1 i 1 2
1 1 3 5
(C) (D) (D) is strictly greater than but less than
i 1 i 1 2 2

4 11. A complex number z is the said to be unimodular if

4. If Z- = 2, then the maximum value of | Z | is |z| = 1. Suppose z1 and z2 are complex number such
z
equal to : [AIEEE 2009] z1 – 2z 2
that 2 – z z is unimodular and z2 is not unimodular..
(A) 5  1 (B) 2 1 2
(C) 2 + (D) [JEE-MAIN 2015]
2 3 1 Then the point z1 lies on a :
(A) circle of radius 2.
5. The number of complex numbers Z such that
|z –1| = |z+1| = |z – i| equals - [AIEEE 2010] (B) circle of radius 2 .
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (C) straight line parallel to x-axis
(D) straight line parallel to y-axis
6. If  and  are the roots of the equation 2 + 3isinθ
x2 – x + 1 = 0, then 2009 + 2009 = 12. A value of  for which is purely
1 - 2isinθ
[AIEEE - 2010] imaginary, is : [JEE - MAIN 2016]
(A) –2 (B) –1  3 
(C) 1 (D) 2 π
(A) (B) sin -1  
6  4 
7. Let  be real and z be a complex number. If
z2 + z +  = 0 has two distinct roots on the line Re -1  1  π
z = 1, then it is necessary that : [AIEEE 2011] (C) sin   (D)
 3 3
(A)  (0, 1) (B)  (–1, 0)
(C) || = 1 (D)  (1, ) 13. Let  be a complex number such that 2w + 1
1 1 1
z2
8. If z  1 and is real, then the point 1 –2 – 1 2
z -1 = z where z = -3 . If = 3k,
represented by the complex number z lies: 1 2 7
[AIEEE 2012]
(A) either on the real axis or on a circle not passing then k is equla to : [JEE - MAIN 2017]
(A) –z (B) z
through the origin. (C) –1 (D) 1
(B) On the imaginary axis.
(C) either on the real axis or on a circle passing
through the origin.
(D) on a circle with centre at the origin.

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 Complex Number 7.35

Exercise - 4 | Level-II Previous Year | JEE Advanced

1. If w =  + i where  0 and z  1, satisfies the (i) The number of elements in the set A  B  C is
w  wz (A) 0 (B) 1
condition that is purely real , then the set
1 z (C) 2 (D) 
of the values of z is [JEE 2006, 3]
(A) {z : |z| = 1} (B) {z : z = z } (ii) Let z be any point in A  B  C. Then
(C) {z : z  1} (D) {z : |z| = 1, z  1} |z + 1 – i|2 + |z – 5 – i|2 lies between
(A) 25 & 29 (B) 30 & 34
2. (a) A man walks a distance of 3 units from the origin
(C) 35 & 39 (D) 40 & 44
towards the north-east (N 45° E) direction. Form
there, he walks a distance of 4 units towards the
north-west (N 45° W) direction to reach a point P. (iii) Let z be any point in A  B  C and let w be any
Then the position of P in the Argand plane is point satisfying |w – 2 – i| < 3.
[JEE 2007, 3+3]
Then, |z| – |w| + 3 lies between
(A) 3ei/4 + 4i
(B) (3 – 4i)ei/4 (A) –6 & 3 (B) –3 & 6
(C) (4 + 3i)ei/4 (C) –6 & 6 (D) –3 & 9
(D) (3 + 4i)ei/4
4. Let z=x+iy be a complex number where x and y are
z
(b) If |z| = 1 and z  ± 1, then all the values of integers. Then the area of the rectangle whose
1  z2
lie on vertices are the roots of the equation
(A) a line not passing through the origin 3
zz3 + zz =350 is [JEE 2009]
(B) |z| = 2 (A) 48 (B) 32
(C) the x-axis (C) 40 (D) 80
(D) the y-axis

3. (a) A particle P starts from the point z 0 = 1 + 2i, 5. Let z = cos  + i sin  . Then the value of
where i = 1 . It moves first horizontally away 15
2m–1
from origin by 5 units and then vertically away 
m 1
Im(z ) at  = 2º is [JEE 2009]
from origin by 3 units to reach a point z 1 . From
z 1 the particle moves 2 units in the direction (A) 1/sin 2º (B) 1/3 sin 2º
of the vector iˆ  ˆj and then it moves through an (C) 1/2 sin 2º (D) 1/4 sin 2º

angle in anticlockwise direction on a circle
2 6. Let p and q be real numbers such that p  0, p  q
3
with centre at origin, to reach a point z 2 . The 3
point z 2 is given by and p  –q. If  and  are nonzero complex num-
3 3
JEE 2008, 3+4+4+4] bers satisfying  +  = –p and  +  = q, then a
(A) 6 + 7i (B) –7 + 6i
(C) 7 + 6i (D) –6 + 7i  
quadratic equation having and as its roots is
 
(b) Comprehension (3 questions together)
[JEE 2010]
Let A, B, C be three sets of complex numbers as 3 2 3 3
defined below (A) (p + q)x – (p + 2q)x + (p + q) = 0
3 2 3 3
A = {z : Im z  1} (B) (p + q)x – (p – 2q)x + (p + q) = 0
B = {z : |z – 2 – i| = 3} 3 2 3 3
(C) (p – q)x – (5p – 2q)x + (p – q) = 0
C = {z : Re( (1 – i) z ) = 3 2 3 3
2 }. (D) (p – q)x + (5p + 2q)x + (p – q) = 0

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7.36 Theory and Exercise Book

7. Let  be a complex cube root of unity with  1. A Paragraph for Question Nos. 11 to 13
fair die is thrown three times. If r1, r2 and r3 are the Let a, b and c be three real numbers satisfying
numbers obtained on the die, then the probability
1 9 7 
[a b c] 8 2 7  = [0 0 0] .....(E)
r r r
that  1   2   3  0 is [JEE 2010] [JEE 2011]
1 1 7 3 7 
(A) (B)
18 9
2 1 11. If the point P(a, b, c), with reference to (E), lies
(C) (D)
9 36 on the plane 2x + y + z = 1, then the value of 7a
8. Let z1 and z2 be two distinct complex numbers + b + c is
and let z = (1 - t)z1 +tz2 for some real number t with (A) 0 (B) 12
0 < t < 1. If Arg(w) denotes the principal argument (C) 7 (D) 6
of a nonzero complex number w, then
[JEE 2010] 12. Let  be a solution of x3 – 1 = 0 with Im () > 0. If a
(A) |z – z1| + |z – z2| = |z1 – z2| = 2 with b and c satisfying (E), then the value of
(B) Arg(z – z1) = Arg(z – z2)
z  z1 z  z1 3 1 3
(C)  0 + b + c is equal to
z 2  z1 z 2  z1 a  
(D) Arg(z – z1) = Arg(z2 – z1) (A) –2 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) –3
2 2
9. Let  be the complex number cos  i sin .
3 3
Then the number of distinct complex numbers z 13. Let b = 6, with a and c satisfying (E). If  and  are
the roots of the quadratic equation
z 1  2
n

 z  2 1  1 1
satisfying = 0 is equal to ax2 + bx + c = 0, then     is
2 1 z n0   
[JEE 2010] (A) 6 (B) 7
10. Match the statement in Column I with those (C) 6/7 (D) 
in Column II.
[Note : Here z takes values in the complex plane 14. If z is any complex number satisfying |z–3–2i| 2,
and Im z and Re z denote, respectively, the imagi- then the minimum value of |2z – 6 + 5i| is
nary part and the real part of z]. [JEE 2011]
[JEE 2010]
Column–I Column–II 15. Let   1 be cube root of unity and S be the
(A) The set of points z satisfying (P) an ellipse with set of all non-singular matrices of the form
4
|z - i|z|| = |z + i|z|| eccentricity  1 a b
5   1 c
is contained in or equal to   where each of a, b and c is either 
2  1 
(B) The set of points z satisfying (Q) the set of points
|z + 4| + |z – 4| = 10 z satisfying or 2 . Then the number of distinct matrices in
is contained in or equal to Im z = 0 the set S is [JEE 2011]
(C) If |w| = 2, then the set (R) the set of points (A) 2 (B) 6
1 (C) 4 (D) 8
of points z = w – is z satisfying
w
/3
contained in or equal to |Im z|  1 16. Let  = ei , and a, b, c, x, y, z be non-zero complex
(S) the set of points z numbers such that a+b+c=x
2
a + b + c = y
satisfying |Re z|  2 2
a + b + c = z
(D) If |w| = 1, then the set (T) the set of
1 | x |2  | y |2  | z |2
of points z = w + is points z Then the value of is
w | a |2  | b |2  | c |2
contained in or equal to satisfying |z|3 [JEE 2011]

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 Complex Number 7.37

1
17. Match the statements given in Column I with the 20. Let complex numbers  and lie on circles

values given in Column II [JEE 2011] (x – x 0 ) 2 + (y – y 0 ) 2 = r 2 and (x – x 0 ) 2 +
Column – I Column – II (y – y0)2 = 4r2, respectively. If z0 = x0 + iy0 satisfies
   the equation 2 |z0|2 = r2 + 2, then ||= [JEE 2013]
(A) If a = ˆj + 3k,
ˆ b = -j
ˆ + 3k
ˆ (P)
6 1 1
(A) (B)
 ˆ form a triangle, 2 2
and c = 2 3k
then the internal angle of the 1 1
 (C) (D)
 7 3
triangle between a and b is
b 2
(B) If a (f(x) - 3x) dx = a 2 - b 2 , (Q)
3 3i
21. Let w = and P = {wn : n = 1, 2, 3, .....}.
2
 
then the value of f   is
6  1
Further H1 =  z  C : Re z  2  and H2
2 5/ 6
 
 
(C) The value of ln 3 (sec ( x) dx is (R) 3
  1 
7/6 =  z  C : Re z  2  , where C is the set of all
 
 1  complex numbers.
(D) The maximum value of Arg   (S) 
1 z  If z1  P  H1, z2  P  H2 and O represents the
 origin, then z1 Oz2 = [JEE 2013]
for |z| = 1, z  1 is given by (T)
2  
(A) (B)
18. Match the statements given in Column I with the 2 6
intervals/union of intervals given in Column II
2 5
[JEE 2011] (C) (D)
3 6
Column – I Column – II
(A) The  Re  2iz  
 : z is a complex number, | z |= 1, z  ± 1 is
  1 - z2   22. Let  be a complex cube root of unity with   1
(P) (–, –1)  (1, ) and P = [pij] be a n × n matrix with pij = i+j.
(B) The domain of the function (Q) (–, 0)  (0, ) Then P2 0, when n = [JEE 2013]
 8(3) x  2  (A) 57 (B) 55
–1
f(x) = sin  2( x 1)  is (C) 58 (D) 56
1 3 
1 tan  1
Paragraph for Question Nos. 23 to 24
(C) If f()=  tan  1 tan  , (R) [2, )
1  tan  1
Let S = S1  S2  S3, where
 
then the set  f () : 0     is
2
(S) (–, –1]  [1, )
3/2

  z  1  3i  
(D) If f(x)=x (3x–10), x0, S1 = {z C : |z| < 4},=  z  C : Im  1  3i   0 
   
then f(x) is increasing in (T) (–, 0]  [2, )
and S3 = {z C : Re z > 0}. [JEE 2013]
19. Let z be a complex number such that the imaginary
part of z is nonzero and a = z2 + z + 1 is real. Then 23. Area of S =
a cannot take the value [JEE 2012]
1 10π 20π
(A) (B)
(A) –1 (B) 3 3
3
1 3 16π 32π
(C) (D) (C) (D)
2 4 3 3

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7.38 Theory and Exercise Book

24. min |1 – 3i – z|=

ZS
(D) Let the harmonic mean of two positive real
numbers a and b be 4. If q is positive real num-
2– 3 2+ 3
(A) (B)
2 2 ber such that a, 5, q, b is an arighmetic number

3– 3 3+ 3 such that a, 5, q, b is an arithmetic progression,

(C) (D)
2 2 then the value(s) of |q – a| is (are)

Column II
 2kπ   2kπ 
25. Let zk = cos  10  + i sin  10  ; k = 1,2,...,9. (P) 1 (Q) 2
   
[JEE 2014] (R) 3 (S) 4
List I List II (T) 5
(P) For each zk there 1. True
exists a zj such that zk · zj = 1
 kπ   kπ 
(Q) There exists a 2. False 27. For any integer k, let k =  7  + i sin  7  , where
   
k  {1,2,...,9} such
i = –1 . The value of the expression
that z1 · z = zk has no
solution z in the set of
complex numbers. 12

| 1 – z1 || 1 – z2 | ... | 1 – z9 | | α k +1 – αk |
(R) equal 3. 1 k =1
is. [JEE 2015]
10 3


k =1
| α 4k –1 – α 4k – 2 |
9  2kπ 
(S) 1 –  k =1 cos  10  equal 4. 2
 

P Q R S
(A) 1 2 4 3 28. Let a, b  R and a 2 + b2  0. Suppose S =
(B) 2 1 3 4
 1 
(C) 1 2 3 4 z  C : , t  R, t  0  ; where i =
 a + ibt  1 .
(D) 2 1 4 3
If z = x + iy and z  S, then (x, y) lies on
26. Column I [JEE 2015] [JEE 2016]
2
(A) In R , if the magnitude of the projection vector
of the vector ˆi  ˆj on 3iˆ + ˆj is 3 and if 1  1 
(A) the circle with radius and centre  2a , 0 
2a  
 = 2 + 3β , then possible value(s) of || is
for a > 0, b  0
(are)
(B) Let a and b be real numbers such that the 1
(B) the circle with radius – and centre
2
 –3ax – 2, x <1 2a
function f(x) =  2 is
 bx + a , x 1
differentiable for all x  R. Then possible  1 
 - 2a , 0  for a < 0, b  0
value(s) of a is (are)  
(C) Let   1 be a complex cube root of unity. If (3
(C) the x-axis for a  0, b = 0
– 3 + 22)4 + 3 + (2 + 3 – 32)4 + 3 + (– 3 +
(D) the y-axis for a = 0, b  0
2 + 32)4 + 3 = 0, then possible value(s) of n is
(are)

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99, 8003899588
 Complex Number 7.39

-1 + 3 i 32. For a non-zero complex number z, let arg(z)

29. Let z = , where i = -1 , and r, s  [1,
2 denote the principal argument with – < arg(z)
 (-z) r z 2s   . T he n, whi c h of t he fol l ow i ng
2, 3]. Let P =  2s  and I be the identity statement(s) is (are) False ?
 z zr 
[JEE ADVANCE 2018]
matrix of order 2. Then the total number of ordered
pairs (r, s) for which P2 = – I is 
[JEE 2016] (A) arg(–1 –i) = , where i = –1
4
(B) The function f : R  (–, ], defined by
30. Let a, b, x and y be real numbers such that
a – b = 1 and y  0. If the complex number z f(t) = arg (–1 + it) for all t  R, is continuous

 az  b  at all points of R, where i = –1

= x + iy satisfies Im   = y, then which
 z 1  (C) For any two non-zero complex numbers
of the following is(are) possible value(s) fo
x? [JEE 2017]  z1 
z1 and z2, arg z  – argz1  + arg (z2)
(A) 1  1  y2 (B) 1  1  y2  2

is an integer multiple of 2
(C) 1  1  y2 (D) 1  1  y2
(D) For any three given distinct complex
numbers z1, z2 and z3, the locus of the point
31. Let s,t, r be non - zero complex numbers and
L be the set of sol uti ons z = x + i y z satisfying the condition

 x, y  R,i  
1 of the equation sz + tz +  (z  z1 )(z2 – z3 ) 
arg 

r = 0, where z = x – iy. Then, which of the  (z  z3 )(z2  z1 ) 
following statement (s) is (are ) TRUE ?
lies on a straight line
(A) If L has exactly one element, then
|s|  |t|
(B) If |s| = |t|, then L has infinitely many
elements
(C ) The numb er of el em ents i n
L  z : z  1  i  5 is at most 2
(D) If L has more than one element, then L
has infinitely many elements
[JEE ADVANCE 2018]

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7.40 Theory and Exercise Book

EXERCISE - I
JEE Main
1. D 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A
8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. A
15. A 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. D 21. C
22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A
29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. B
36. C 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B 41. A

EXERCISE - II
JEE Advance
Single correct Option - type Questions
1. A 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. A
8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. B
15. C 16. C 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. B
22. D
Multiple correct Option - type Questions

1. B,D 2. B,C 3. A,B,C,D 4. A,B,C 5. A,C,D 6. A,B,C

7. A,C,D 8. A,D 9. A,B 10. B,C,D

EXERCISE - III
Subjective - type Questions

 2 2  5
2. 3 3. (a) x = 1, y = 2 ; (b) (2, 9) ; (c) (–2,2) or   ,  ; (d) (1, 1)  0,  ;
 3 3  2

3K 11  21 5  3 3 3
(e) x = K, y = ,KR 5.(a) 2 (b)  6.   ,  10.   i
2 2  10 6  2 2

2 sin2 n 2 7 14 3
11. z  z   0 , where   12. (i) 7A0 + 7A7x + 7A14x (ii) x + qx – r = 0
sin2  2n  1

13. –4 15.
 3 i 
1  i 3 , , 2i
2

17. z = –1, 3, 1 – 2 i, 1 + 2i Sum = 4, Centroid = 1 18. 1 19. (c) 64

2
 n n  1 
22.(a) (1,1) (b)   n
 2 
2
23 (b) 1; if n is even, – w ; if n is odd
24. (a) The region between the concentric circles with centre at (0, 2) & radii 1 and 3 units
(b) The part of the complex plane on or above the line y = 1
(c) a ray emanating from the point (3 + 4i) directed away from the origin & having equation,

3 x – y – 3 3 = 0, x > 3 25. 5  2 & 5  2 26. (i) 0, 6 (ii) 1, 7 (iii) 0, 5

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99, 8003899588
 Complex Number 7.41

27. (i) |z| = 20 (ii) OP = OQ = PR = QR = 20 28.

3 i 3 i
29. 5 30. a = b = 2 – 3 31. (a)  ,–  , i;
2 2 2 2

x2 y2 2 2 2 2
32.  =1 34. (1 – c ) |z| –2(a + bc) (Re z) + a – b = 0 35. (a)  – 2 ; (b) 1/2
64 48

iz 1
37.  +i 38. 51
2 2
40. required set is constituted by the angles without their boundaries, whose sides are the straight

lines y = ( 2 – 1) x and y + ( 2 + 1) x = 0 containing the x – axis.

Comprehension - based Questions

43. B 44. D

Matrix Match - type Questions

45. (A)–Q,S,T ; (B)–P ; (C)–R

EXERCISE - IV
Previous Year’s Question
JEE Main
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. 1

JEE Advanced

1. D 2. (a) D ; (b) D 3. (a) D; (b) (i) B; (ii) C; (iii) D 4. A 5. D

6. B 7. C 8. A,C,D 9. 0001 10. (A)–Q, R ; (B)–P ; (C)–P, S, T ; (D)–P, Q, R, S

11. D 12. A 13. B 14. 0005 15. A 16. 0003

17. (A)–Q ; (B)–P ; (C)–S ; (D)–T 18. (A)–S ; (B)–T ; (C)–R ; (D)–R 19. D 20. C

21. C,D 22. B,C,D 23. B 24. C 25. C

26. (A)  P,Q ; (B)  P,Q ; (C)  P,Q,S,T ; (D)  Q,T 27. 4 28. A,C,D 29. 1

30. B,D 31. A,C,D 32. A,B,D

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