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    Lab 0

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    salaheltayeb4
    The document contains instructions for 4 MATLAB coding exercises related to digital signal processing concepts: 1. Design a code to calculate the energy and power of a sinusoidal signal using numerical integration and the trapezoidal rule. 2. Design a code to check the orthogonality of two signals by calculating their inner product. 3. Demonstrate ideal sampling of a continuous-time signal. 4. Demonstrate sampling and quantization of a signal using 4-level pulse code modulation. Plots and explanations are included for each step.

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    Lab 0

    Uploaded by

    salaheltayeb4
    7 views6 pages
    The document contains instructions for 4 MATLAB coding exercises related to digital signal processing concepts: 1. Design a code to calculate the energy and power of a sinusoidal signal using numerical integration and the trapezoidal rule. 2. Design a code to check the orthogonality of two signals by calculating their inner product. 3. Demonstrate ideal sampling of a continuous-time signal. 4. Demonstrate sampling and quantization of a signal using 4-level pulse code modulation. Plots and explanations are included for each step.

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    The document contains instructions for 4 MATLAB coding exercises related to digital signal processing concepts: 1. Design a code to calculate the energy and power of a sinusoidal signal using numerical integration and the trapezoidal rule. 2. Design a code to check the orthogonality of two signals by calculating their inner product. 3. Demonstrate ideal sampling of a continuous-time signal. 4. Demonstrate sampling and quantization of a signal using 4-level pulse code modulation. Plots and explanations are included for each step.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    7 views6 pages

    Lab 0

    Uploaded by

    salaheltayeb4
    The document contains instructions for 4 MATLAB coding exercises related to digital signal processing concepts: 1. Design a code to calculate the energy and power of a sinusoidal signal using numerical integration and the trapezoidal rule. 2. Design a code to check the orthogonality of two signals by calculating their inner product. 3. Demonstrate ideal sampling of a continuous-time signal. 4. Demonstrate sampling and quantization of a signal using 4-level pulse code modulation. Plots and explanations are included for each step.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Arab Academy for Science & Technology

    and Maritime Transport – Aswan Branch


    College of Engineering & technology
    Electronics & Communication Engineering Department
    Course: Intro. To Digital communication Course Code: EC422
    Lecturer: Dr/ Moataz salah
    Tutors: Eng.Hoda khalaf

    Lab (0)
    1)- Design matlab code calculates the energy and power of sinusoidal signal.
    % Parameters
    Fs = 1000; % Sampling frequency
    T = 1/Fs; % Sampling period
    t = 0:T:1; % Time vector
    f = 5; % Frequency of the sinusoid
    A = 1; % Amplitude of the sinusoid
    % Generate sinusoidal signal
    x = A*sin(2*pi*f*t);
    % Calculate energy
    energy = sum(x.^2) * T;

    % Calculate power
    power = energy / length(x); %total energy /total time

    disp(['Energy of the sinusoidal signal: ', num2str(energy)]);


    disp(['Power of the sinusoidal signal: ', num2str(power)]);

    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    Parameters
    Fs = 1000; % Sampling frequency
    T = 1/Fs; % Sampling period
    t = 0:T:1; % Time vector
    f = 5; % Frequency of the sinusoid
    A = 1; % Amplitude of the sinusoid

    % Generate sinusoidal signal


    x = A*sin(2*pi*f*t);

    % Calculate energy using numerical integration


    energy = trapz(t, x.^2);

    % Calculate power (average power)


    power = energy / (t(end) - t(1)); % Total energy / total time
    disp(['Energy of the sinusoidal signal: ', num2str(energy)]);
    disp(['Power of the sinusoidal signal: ', num2str(power)]);
    2)- Design matlab code checks the orthogonality of two signals.
    clear all;
    close all;
    clc;

    % Define time vector


    t = linspace(0, 1, 1000);

    % Define frequencies
    f1 = 5; % Frequency of the first sinusoid
    f2 = 10; % Frequency of the second sinusoid

    % Define sinusoidal signals


    x1 = sin(2*pi*f1*t);
    x2 = sin(2*pi*f2*t);

    % Calculate inner product


    inner_product = trapz(t, x1 .* x2);

    % Check orthogonality
    if abs(inner_product) < 1e-10 % Tolerance for numerical errors
    disp('The signals are orthogonal.');
    else
    disp('The signals are not orthogonal.');
    end

    % Plot the signals


    figure;
    plot(t, x1, 'b', t, x2, 'r');
    legend('x1', 'x2');
    xlabel('Time');
    ylabel('Amplitude');
    title('Orthogonal Sinusoidal Signals');
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    clear all; close all;
    clc;

    syms t;
    s = -4:0.1:4;
    x1 = 5.*cos(2*pi*10*t);
    x2 = sin(2*pi*10*t);
    y = x1.*x2;
    orth = int(y, t, 0, 2);
    disp ('the orthogonality is equal to ' )
    disp(orth)
    Help commands:
    [sin, subplot, plot]
    3- Ideal sampling
    % Parameters
    Fs = 1000; % Sampling frequency
    t = 0:1/Fs:1; % Time vector
    f = 5; % Signal frequency
    A = 1; % Amplitude
    % Continuous-time signal
    x = A * sin(2 * pi * f * t);
    % Ideal sampling
    T_sample = 0.1; % Sampling period
    t_sample = 0:T_sample:1; % Sampling instances
    x_sampled = A * sin(2 * pi * f * t_sample);
    % Plot
    subplot(2,1,1);
    plot(t, x);
    title('Continuous-Time Signal');
    xlabel('Time (s)');
    ylabel('Amplitude');

    subplot(2,1,2);
    stem(t_sample, x_sampled);
    title('Ideal Sampled Signal');
    xlabel('Time (s)');
    ylabel('Amplitude');
    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    a=4;
    fm=2;
    fs=100*fm;
    t=0:1/fs:1;%for sampling
    x=a*sin(2*pi*fm*t);%let us take one simple sin signla for
    Pulse code modulation
    subplot(5,1,1);
    plot(t,x,'r');
    xlabel('time');
    ylabel('amplitude');
    title('Original message signal');
    subplot(5,1,2);
    stem(t,x,'r');
    xlabel('time');
    ylabel('amplitude');
    title('Sampled message signal');
    4-sampling and quantization
    a=4;
    fm=2;
    fs=100*fm;
    t=0:1/fs:1;%for sampling
    x=a*sin(2*pi*fm*t);%let us take one simple sin signla for
    Pulse code modulation
    subplot(5,1,1);
    plot(t,x,'r');
    xlabel('time');
    ylabel('amplitude');
    title('Original message signal');
    subplot(5,1,2);
    stem(t,x,'r');
    xlabel('time');
    ylabel('amplitude');
    title('Sampled message signal');
    for i=1:length(x)
    if (x(i)>0 && x(i)<=1)
    e=[1 0 0];
    xq(i)=0.5;
    elseif (x(i)>1 && x(i)<=2)
    e=[1 0 1];
    xq(i)=1.5;
    elseif (x(i)>2 && x(i)<=3)
    e=[1 1 0];
    xq(i)=2.5;
    elseif (x(i)>3 && x(i)<=4)
    e=[1 1 1];
    xq(i)=3.5;
    elseif (x(i)>-4 && x(i)<=-3)
    e=[0 0 0];
    xq(i)=-3.5;
    elseif (x(i)>-3 && x(i)<=-2)
    e=[0 0 1];
    xq(i)=-2.5;
    elseif (x(i)>-2 && x(i)<=-1)
    e=[0 1 0];
    xq(i)=-1.5;
    elseif (x(i)>-1 && x(i)<=0)
    e=[0 1 1];
    xq(i)=-0.5;
    end
    %enc=[enc e];
    end
    subplot(5,1,3);
    plot(t,xq,'b');
    title('Quantised signla');

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