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Blue
While blue is one of the most popular colors, it is one of the least appetizing. Food researchers say that when
humans searched for food, they learned to avoid toxic or spoiled objects, which were often blue, black or purple.
When food dyed blue is served to study subjects, they lose appetite.

Carbon Emission
When countries assess their annual carbon emissions, they count up their cars and power stations, but bush
fires are not included – presumably because they are deemed to be events beyond human control. In Australia,
Victoria alone sees several hundred thousand hectares burn each year; in both 2004 and more recently, the
figure has been over one million hectares.

Tesla and Edison

Tesla's theoretical work formed the basis of modern alternating current electric power systems. Thomas Edison
promised him almost one million dollars in today's money to undertake motor and generator improvement. How-
ever, when Tesla, the ethical Serb, asked about the money, Edison’s reportedly reply was "Tesla, you don't
understand our American humor." The pair became arch-rivals.

Productive Capacity
The core of the problem was the immense disparity between the country's productive capacity and the ability of
people to consume. Great innovations in productive techniques during and after the war raised the output of
industry beyond the purchasing capacity of U.S. farmers and wage earners.

Father
Every morning, no matter how late he had been up, my father rose at five-thirty, went to his study, wrote for a
couple of hours, made us all breakfast, read the paper with my mother, and then went back to work for the rest of
the morning. Many years passed before I realized that he did this for a living.

Himalayas
Although it hails from a remote region of the western Himalayas, this plant now looks entirely at home on the
banks of English rivers, and colonized river banks and damp woodlands. In the Himalayas the plant is held in
check by various pests, but take these away and it grows and reproduces unhindered. Now it is spreading across
Europe, New Zealand, Canada and the US.

Pluto
Pluto lost its official status when the International Astronomical Union downsized the solar system from nine to
eight planets. Although there had been passionate debate at the General Assembly Meeting in Prague about the
definition of a planet, and whether Pluto met the specifications, the audience greeted the decision to exclude it
with applause.

Fiscal Year
At the beginning of each fiscal year funds are allocated to each State account in accordance with the University's
financial plan. Funds are allocated to each account by object of expenditure. Account managers are responsible
for ensuring that adequate funds are available in the appropriate object before initiating transactions to use the
funds.
Shakespeare
A young man from a small provincial town, a man without independent wealth, without powerful family connec-
tions and without a university education, moves to London in the fifteen eighties, and becomes a remarkable
playwright of all time. How is an achievement of magnitude made? How does Shakespeare become Shake-
speare?

Akimbo
Akimbo, this must be one of the odder-looking words in the language and puzzles us in part because it doesn't
seem to have any relatives. What's more, it is now virtually a fossil word, until recently almost invariably found in
arms akimbo, a posture in which a person stands with hands on hips and elbows sharply bent outward, one
signalling impatience or hostility.

Yellow
Yellow is considered as the most optimistic color, yet surprisingly, people lose their tempers most often in yellow
rooms and babies will cry more. The reason may be that yellow is the hardest color for eyes to take in, so it can
be overpowering if overused.

Elephant
The elephant is the largest living land mammal. During evolution, its skeleton has greatly altered from the usual
mammal, designed for two main reasons. One is to cope with the great weight of huge grinding cheek teeth and
elongated tusk, making the skull particularly massive. The other is to support the enormous bulk of such a huge
body.

Grand Canyon
Few things in the world produce such amazement as one's first glimpse of the Grand Canyon; it took around
more than 2 billion years to create this vast wonder in some places. 17 miles wide, largely through the relentless
force of the Colorado River, which runs 277 miles along its length and a mile beneath its towering rims.

Global Warming
Global warming is defined as an increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere. This trend
began in the middle of the 20th century and is one of the major environmental concerns of scientists and govern-
mental officials worldwide. The changes in temperature result mostly from the effect of increased concentrations
of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere.

Lincoln
Lincoln's apparently radical change of mind about his war powers to emancipate slaves was caused by the
escalating scope of the war, which convinced him that any measure to weaken the Confederacy and strengthen
the Union war effort was justifiable as a military necessity.

Furniture
There are perhaps three ways of looking at furniture: some people see it as purely functional and useful, and
don't bother themselves with aesthetics; others see it as essential to civilized living and concern themselves with
design and how the furniture will look in a room. In other words, function combined with aesthetics; and yet
others see furniture as a form of art.
Modern buildings
Modern buildings have to achieve certain performance requirements, at least to satisfy those of building codes,
to provide a safe, healthy, and comfortable environment. However, these conditioned environments demand
resources in energy and materials, which are both limited in supply, to build and operate.

Historian
As a historian, if you really want to understand the sensibilities of those who lived in the past, you must be like
a novelist and get into the skins of your characters and think and feel as they do. You are asked to imagine
what it's like to be a peasant in medieval times, asking the sort of questions a peasant might ask. What the
writer is saying is that a historian needs imaginative sympathy with ordinary people in the past.

Energy and Pollution

Humans need to use energy in order to exist. So it is unsurprising that the way people have been producing
energy is largely responsible for current environmental problems. Pollution comes in many forms, but those that
are most concerning, because of their impact on health, result from the combustion of fuels in power stations and
cars.

Rehabilitation
The primary application we're targeting at first is to give people a decision aid during rehabilitation, following an
acute knee injury, to help them understand when they can perform particular activities, and when they can move
to different intensities of particular activities. A useful thing to take a crack at.

The Border
The border itself between Mexico and United States is fraught with a mix of urban and desert terrain and spans
over one thousand nine hundred miles. Both the uninhabited areas of the border and urban areas are where the
most drug trafficking and illegal crossings take place. Crime is prevalent in urban cities like El Paso, Texas and
San Diego, California.

Networking
Networking is easy and fun because it taps into this human predilection to talk about ourselves when asked.
Consider successful networking as little more than the process of guiding a person to tell you about his life, what
he's doing, the company that employs him, and his current industry.

Hubble Space Telescope

The successor to the Hubble Space Telescope has been delayed yet again and will not now launch until "approxi-
mately May 2020". The James Webb Space Telescope is also in danger of busting the cost cap put on the project
by the US Congress. Back in 2011, politicians on Capitol Hill said the observatory should not take more than $8
billion dollars to build and $800 million dollars to operate over five years in orbit.

Microbes
Such cross-protection is usually seen between two animals. But Gore studies the same sort of mutualism in
microbes. He and his team demonstrated the first experimental example of that cross-protective relationship in
drug-resistant microbes, using two strains of antibiotic-resistant E. coli bacteria: one resistant to ampicillin, the
other to chloramphenicol.
Botanic Garden
Botanic gardens are scientific and cultural institutions established to collect, study, exchange, and display plants
for research and for the education and enjoyment of the public. There are major botanic gardens in each capital
city. Zoological parks and aquariums are primarily engaged in the breeding, preservation, and display of native
and exotic fauna in captivity.

Agricultural problems
Agricultural problems due to climate change of normal weather, water depletion and the collapse of soil have
become big problems in all parts of the world. Many are now focusing on ethics and family farming as a way to
combat these issues.

Augustus
Augustus was given the powers of an absolute monarch, but he presented himself as the preserver of republican
traditions. He treated the Senate, or state council, with great respect, and was made Consul year after year. He
successfully reduced the political power of the army by retiring many soldiers, but giving them land or money to
keep their loyalty.

Industrial Revolution
As to the Industrial Revolution, one cannot dispute today the fact that it has succeeded in inaugurating in a
number of countries a level of mass prosperity which was undreamt of in the days preceding the Industrial
Revolution. But, on the immediate impact of Industrial Revolution, there were substantial divergences among
writers.

Vanilla
The uniquely scented flavor of vanilla is second only to chocolate in popularity on the world's palate. It's also the
second most expensive spice after saffron. But highly labor-intensive cultivation methods and the plant's temper-
amental life cycle and propagation mean production on a global scale is struggling to keep up with the increasing
demand for the product.

Teacher’s instruction
In classes, your teachers will talk about topics that you are studying. The information that they provide will be
important to know when you take tests. You must be able to take good written notes from what your teacher
says.

An innovative new product

An innovative new product or service can give a firm a head start over its rivals, which can be difficult for a new
entrant to overcome. If the new technology is also patented, then other firms cannot simply copy its design. It is
legally protected.

Statistics
Statistics are indicators of change and allow meaningful comparisons to be made. While it may be the issues
rather than the statistics as such that grab people's attention, it should be recognized that it is the statistics that
informed the issues. Statistical literacy, then, is the ability to accurately understand, interpret and evaluate the
data that inform these issues.
Political problems
The course considers the ways in which thinkers have responded to the particular political problems of their day
and the ways in which they contribute to a broader conversation about human goods and needs, justice, democ-
racy, and the proper relationship of the individual to the state.

Child psychology
Within this free course, you will be introduced briefly to the discipline of child psychology and to theories and
approaches that have been developed to help us understand and support children's lives by focusing on the
individual children. Psychologists can assess changes in their child's abilities over time, including their physical,
cognitive, social, and emotional development.

Scottish literature
Despite many similarities with literary political debate and other nations, there are also ways in which the cultural
and political situation in Scotland has left a study of Scottish literature in a significantly different condition from
that of a literary studies in many other parts of the world.

Two Sisters
Two sisters were at a dinner party when the conversation turned to upbringing. The elder sister started to say
that her parents had been very strict and that she had been rather frightened of them. Her sister, younger by two
years, interrupted in amazement. "What are you talking about?" she said, "Our parents were very lenient."

Urban forests
Urban forests can show pride and community spirit. Trees enhance community economic stability by attracting
businesses and tourism. People linger and shop longer along tree-lined streets, apartments and offices in
wooded areas, rent more quickly and have higher occupancy rates. Businesses leasing office space and devel-
oped developments with trees find their workers are more productive and absenteeism is reduced.

A single research study

Rarely, however, does a single research study produce the certainty needed to assume that the same results will
apply in all or most settings. Rather, research is usually an ongoing process, based on many accumulated under-
standings and explanations that, when taken together, lead to a generalization of educational issues and
ultimately, to the development of theories.

Russia
Long isolated from Western Europe, Russia grew up without participating in the development like the Reforma-
tion that many Europeans taking pride in their unique culture, find dubious value. Russia is, as a result, the most
unusual member of European family, if indeed it is European at all. The question is still open to debate, particu-
larly among Russians themselves.
Marketing Management
For any marketing course that requires the development of a marketing plan, such as Marketing Management,
Marketing Strategy and Principles of Marketing. This is the only planning handbook that guides students through
step by step creations of a customized marketing plan while offering commercial software to aid in the process.

Get enough fluid

Your body is nearly two-thirds water. And so it is really important that you consume enough fluid to stay hydrated
and healthy. If you don't get enough fluid you may feel tired, get headaches, and not perform at your best.

Attendance at Cultural Events

To some extent, attendance at cultural venues and events is influenced by a person's age and the composition of
the household in which they live. For example, those people in households with dependent children were more
likely to visit zoological parks and aquariums than people living in single person households.

Your tutor
Your tutor helps you make the most of your time at university by giving you guidance and support along the way.
All new students are allocated a personal tutor who will encourage you to get the most out of your course, direct
you to other sources of support and help you achieve your goals.

Statistical Information
The provision of accurate and authoritative statistical information strengthens our society. It provides a basis for
decisions to be made on public policy, such as determining electoral boundaries and where to locate schools and
hospitals. It allows businesses to know their market, grow their business, and improve their marketing strategies
by targeting their activities appropriately.

Giving helps with depression

At a time when stress levels are soaring, rates of depression are increasing and the gap between rich and poor
is ever widening. We believe that giving can play a positive role in helping people to feel connected to those
around them and generate a sense of purpose and hope. When we give, we feel valued, useful and happy.

William Shakespeare
Three hundred and eighty years after his death, William Shakespeare remains the central author of the
English-speaking world; he is the most quoted poet and the most regularly produced playwright — and now
among the most popular screenwriters as well. Why is that, and who "is" he? Why do so many people think his
writing is so great? What meanings did his plays have in his own time, and how do we read, speak, or listen to
his words now?
Antarctica
The world's fifth-largest continent Antarctica is almost entirely covered by ice over 2000 (two thousand) meters
thick. The area sustains a varied wildlife, including seals, whales, and penguins. The Antarctic Treaty, signed in
1959 (nineteen fifty-nine) and in force since 1961 (nineteen sixty-one), provides for international governance of
Antarctica. To gain Consultative Status, countries have to set up a program of scientific research into the conti-
nent. Following a 1994 (nineteen ninety-four) international agreement, a whale sanctuary was established around
Antarctica.

Environmental Policy Course

Along with customary classes on subjects such as finance, accounting, and marketing, today's MBA students are
enrolling on courses for environmental policy and stewardship. Indeed, more than half of business schools
require a course in environmental sustainability or corporate social responsibility, according to a survey of 91 US
business schools, published in October 2005.

Art as expression
Expression became important during the Romantic movement with artwork expressing a definite feeling, as in the
sublime or dramatic. Audience response was important, for the artwork was intended to evoke an emotional
response. This definition holds true today, as artists look to connect with and evoke responses from their view-
ers.

Business School Admissions

Business school admissions officers said the new drive to attract younger students was in part the result of a
realization that they had inadvertently limited their applicant pool by requiring several year's work experience.
Talented students who might otherwise have gone to business school instead opted for a law or policy degree
because they were intimidated by the expectation of work experience.

Online Shopping Environments

A unique characteristic of online shopping environments is that they allow vendors to create retail interfaces with
highly interactive features. One desirable form of interactivity from a consumer perspective is the implementation
of sophisticated tools to assist shoppers in their purchase decisions by customizing the electronic shopping
environment to their individual preferences.

Bookkeepers
A national study into fraud by bookkeepers employed at small and medium-sized businesses has uncovered
sixty-five instances of theft in more than five years, with more than thirty-one million dollars stolen. Of the cases
identified by the research, 56 involved women and nine instances involved men. However, male bookkeepers
who defrauded their employers stole three times, on average, the amount that women stole.

Domestic Work
Traditional divisions of domestic work are understood to persist because of the strong association of the home
with femininity and paid work with masculinity, to challenge who does what in the home is arguably equivalent to
challenging what it is to be a woman or a man.
The Only Family
Imagine living all your life as the only family on your street. Then, one morning, you open the front door and
discover houses all around you. You see neighbors tending their gardens and children walking to school. Where
did all the people come from? What if the answer turned out to be that they had always been there, you just
hadn't seen them?

The Most Measurable Benefit

Perhaps the most measurable benefit of the program has been the opportunity to meet in small groups, some-
thing that is difficult to arrange in such a desperate organization. Many officers would have to work together for
thirty years but would not know each other's strengths and weaknesses.

Teenage Girls
Teenage girls are continuing to outperform boys in English while the gender gap in achievements in math and
science has almost disappeared. The figures show that last year eighty percent of fourteen-year-old girls
reached at least the expected Level Five in English, compared with sixty-five percent of boys. But in math, the
girls are just one percent ahead of boys, while in science the difference is two percent.

Black Swan
Before the discovery of Australia, people in the old world were convinced that all swans were white, an unassail-
able belief as it seemed completely confirmed by empirical evidence. The sighting of the first black swan might
have been an interesting surprise for a few ornithologists, but that is not where the significance of the story lies.

Important Values of Literature

Certainly, one of the important values of literature is that it nourishes our emotional lives. An effective literary
work may seem to speak directly to us especially if we are ripe for it. The inner life that good writers reveal in
their characters often gives us glimpses of some portion of ourselves. We can be moved to laugh, cry, tremble,
dream, ponder, shriek, or rage with a character by simply turning the page instead of turning our lives upside
down.

Norms and values

Members of a culture must conform to its norms for the culture to exist and function. Hence, members must want
to conform and obey rules. They first must internalize the social norms and values that dictate what is normal for
the culture. Then they must socialize or teach norms and values to their children.

Attending the theatre

Experts discuss the significance of attending the theater as a civic occasion, associated with the political and
cultural achievements of Athens. Through archeology and analyses of contemporary art forms such as decoration
on pottery, a picture is built up of ancient Greek theater.
Recycle
When we recycle, used materials are converted into new products, reducing the need to consume natural
resources. If used materials are not recycled, new products are made by extracting fresh, raw material from the
Earth, through mining and forestry. Recycling helps conserve important raw materials and protects natural
habitats for the future.

Consumer culture
In this course, we will explore how such things as department stores, nationally advertised brand-name goods,
mass produced cars and suburbs transformed the American economy, society and politics. The course is orga-
nized both thematically and chronologically. Each period deals with a new development in the history of consum-
er culture.

Tortoise
The tortoise size and shell shape varies depending on where they live. The shell is made of bone and is a dull
brown color. Their rips, backbone and breastbone have become part of the shell, which is why you can never
separate the tortoise from its shell.

Terms for certain items

An industry or work place often has its own terms for certain items, places, or groups of people, and a university
is no different. Here we have attempted to explain some of the terms you may come across on our website that
are specific to higher education.

Learner's experience
We seek to improve learner's experience of education at college and help them to aspire, achieve and progress.
We must embed equality and diversity in everything we do, both as a provider and an employer. We hope to
prepare our students for work, higher education and citizenship by equipping our staff with the skills to meet this
agenda.

The natural environment

The natural environment can be hazardous, and, with increased travel and leisure, people today are more likely
than ever to be exposed to potentially life-threatening conditions. Although the human body can adjust to some
extent, it cannot cope with poisons or prolonged exposure to extremes of environment.

Emigrants to North America

In the late 16th and 17th centuries, many English, French and Dutch emigrants went to North America in search
of gold and silver. But they did not find it. Instead, settlers were forced to support themselves by cultivating crops
that they could sell in Europe, like tobacco, indigo and rice.

Volcano behaviors
There were various explanations for volcano behavior before the structure of the earth's mantle as a semisolid
material was developed. For decades, awareness that compression and radioactive materials may be heat
sources was discounted and volcanic action was often attributed to chemical reactions and a thin layer of molten
rock near the surface.
Brain hemispheres
The brain is divided into its hemispheres by a prominent groove. At the base of this lies nerve fibers which
enable these two halves of the brain to communicate with each other. But the left hemisphere usually controls
movement and sensation in the right side of the body, while the right hemisphere similarly controls the left side
of the body.

New textbook
This is a new, accessible and engaging textbook written by academics who also work as consultants with organi-
zations undergoing change. It offers a unique combination of rigorous theoretical exploration together with
practical insights from working with those who are actually responsible for managing change.

Scientific evidence
The latest scientific evidence on the nature and strength of the links between diet and chronic diseases is
examined and discussed in detail in the following sections of this report. This section gives an overall view of the
current situation and trends in chronic diseases at the global level.

The word radical

The word radical from the Latin word for roots means anyone who advocates fundamental change in the political
system. Literally, a radical is one who proposes to attack some political or social problem by going deep into the
social or economic fabric to get at the root cause and alter this basic weakness.

Humanities and social sciences

We believe in the inherent value of research in the humanities and social sciences. And our research data
agenda is given by the pursuit of new knowledge that will be of benefit of Australia and the world. We offer one of
the most comprehensive programs in the humanities and social sciences in Australia and the Asian Pacific
region.

Chasing the Flame

Yet it is precisely in observing the intertwinings of success and failure that Chasing the Flame makes its greatest
mark. With piercing insight and relentless logic, it reveals the pitfalls of international politics and details an
intricate struggle between individual and institution. It haunts us with the poignant truth that even a great man
can do only so much to reinvent the world.

A thesis
A thesis is a claim that you can argue for or against. It should be something that you can present persuasively
and clearly in the scope of your paper, so keep in mind the page count. If possible, your thesis should also be
somewhat original.

US Automobile market
The United States is at present the world's market for motor cars and trucks. An agent for the U.S. Bureau of
Foreign and Domestic Commerce reports a prosperous condition of affairs prevailing in Japan, which is buying
more automobiles, especially large cars, than ever before.
Restaurant location
The physical location of a restaurant in the competitive landscape of the city has long been known as a major
factor in its likely success or failure. Once restaurants are established in such environments they can do little
about their location. All they can do is work to improve customer access to their premises. Restaurateurs often
do this by engaging in battles with local authorities about car parking.

Babies’ hearing
Most babies start developing their hearing while still in the womb, prompting some hopeful parents to play classi-
cal music to their pregnant bellies. Some research even suggests that infants are listening to adult speech as
early as 10 weeks before birth, gathering the basic building blocks of their family's native tongue.

Barley grains
University of Adelaide researchers have uncovered fundamental new information about the malting characteris-
tics of barley grains. They say their finding could pave the way to more stable brewing processes or new malts
for craft brewers. Published in the Nature publication Scientific Reports, the researchers discovered a new link
between one of the key enzymes involved in malt production for brewing and a specific tissue layer within the
barley grain.

Eminent professors
Written by three eminent professors, it has been updated to reflect the shifts of sociological thought in the last
five years, making it the most comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date dictionary available. It is essential
reading for all students and teachers of sociology and other related courses - and also the general reader.

Food is important
Food is one of the most important things you'll ever buy. And yet most people never bother to think about their
food and where it comes from. People spend a lot more time worrying about what kind of blue jeans to wear,
what kind of video games to play, what kind of computers to buy.

Microscopic invaders
We all know about bacteria, viruses, and microscopic protozoa. We can watch the way that these tiny agents
move into our bodies and damage our organs. We have a growing understanding of how our body mounts defen-
sive strategies that fight off these invaders, and have built some clever chemical that can help mount an assault
on these bio-villains.

Windows in the painting

We can see from the X-rays that at an early stage of painting, a window was painted in at the left of the portrait.
It seems that there may have been two windows in the initial design for the portrait or that the window was
moved at an early stage.
Quotes
Many papers you write in college will require you to include quotes from one or more sources. Even if you
don't have to do it, integrating a few quotes into your writing can add life and persuasiveness to your
arguments. The key is to use quotes to support a point you're trying to make rather than just include them to
fill space.

Lincoln’s executive order

But on May 3rd a couple of weeks later, Lincoln issued an executive order calling for 43,000 3-year volunteers
for the army and also increasing the size of the regular army and navy by 40,000 men. Both these actions were
in apparent violation of the constitution.

Physical Activity
Participating regularly in physical activity has been shown to benefit an individual's health and wellbeing. Regular
physical activity is important in reducing the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and stroke, obesity,
diabetes and some forms of cancer. The National Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults recommends at least 30
minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, preferably every day of the week, to obtain health benefits.

Graduate admission school

Since our graduate admission school is not centralized, each of the university schools and colleges admits
students to its own programs. For information about specific program degrees, graduate applications, graduate
admission requirements and procedures, graduate scholarships and status of your application, visit the individual
school websites.

Flood control
We’ve spent a lot of money over the last 70 years on flood control, and it’s protected millions of people and has
saved us billions of dollars. We’ve built dams to hold back the waters. We’ve built levees to keep the water off
the people, and we’ve raised the ones that were originally started in 1718.

Personal libraries
Scholars build their own personal libraries to support not only particular projects but also general reading in their
field. They buy or make photocopies of materials when possible so they can consult them frequently, mark
passages, and write annotations on them. When moving into a new field, they add to their collections, usually
concentrating on primary texts.

Mature trees
The wonderful framework of mature trees creates a secluded enclosed atmosphere that unites a great variety of
plantings to inspire visitors in all seasons. Spring in the garden is marked by the leafing up and flowering of trees
and eruption of flowers in the bulb meadows and woodland understory.
Beginning of the lecture
Don’t miss the very beginning of a lecture since that is often the most valuable part. For instance, because it
reviews previous lectures or outlines objectives and lecture structure. If you easily get distracted by other
students, sit near the front.

Emigrants to North America

In the late 16th and 17th centuries, many English, French and Dutch emigrants went to North America in search
of gold and silver. But they did not find it. Instead, settlers were forced to support themselves by cultivating
crops that they could sell in Europe, like tobacco, indigo and rice.

Yellow Tulip
How do we imagine the unimaginable? If we're asked to think of an object - say, a yellow tulip – a picture imme-
diately forms in our mind's eye. But what if we try to imagine a concept such as the square root of negative
number?

The natural environment

The natural environment can be hazardous, and, with increased travel and leisure, people today are more likely
than ever to be exposed to potentially life-threatening conditions. Although the human body can adjust to
some extent, it cannot cope with poisons or prolonged exposure to extremes of environment.

Marijuana
Another administration option is to bake marijuana at a relatively low temperature to kill any dangerous
microorganisms and then allow that patient to eat it or drink it. Both of these methods of administration make
smoking the drug unnecessary. However, criticism of medical marijuana has also been raised because as a
natural plant, it cannot be patented and marketed by pharmaceutical companies and is unlikely to win wide-
spread medical acceptance.

Introvert and Extrovert

Introvert, or those of us with introverted tendencies, tends to recharge by spending time alone. They lose energy
from being around people for long periods of time, particularly large crowds. Extroverts, on the other hand, gain
energy from other people. Extroverts actually find their energy is sapped when they spend too much time alone.
They recharge by being social.

US Automobile market
The United States is at present the world's market for motor cars and trucks. An agent for the U.S. Bureau of
Foreign and Domestic Commerce reports a prosperous condition of affairs prevailing in Japan, which is buying
more automobiles, especially large cars, than ever before.
Aquaculture
Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans,
molluscs and aquatic plants. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under
controlled conditions.

Carbon Emission
When countries assess their annual carbon emissions, they count up their cars and power stations, but bush
fires are not included – presumably because they are deemed to be events beyond human control. In Australia,
Victoria alone sees several hundred thousand hectares burn each year; in both 2004 and more recently, the
figure has been over one million hectares.

Trade Unions
Trade unions originated in Europe during the industrial revolution. Because of the machinery that had become
commonplace, skilled labour became less in demand so employers had nearly all of the bargaining power.
Employers mistreated the workers and paid them too little for the work they did. Trade unions were organised
that would help in the improvement of working conditions.

History is selective
History is selective. What history books tell us about the past is not everything that happened, but what histori-
ans have selected. They cannot put in everything: choices have to be made. Choices must similarly be made
about which aspects of the past should be formally taught to the next generation in the shape of school history
lessons.

Tissues and organs

Tissues are grouped together in the body to form organs. These include the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, and
liver. Each body organ has a specific shape and is made up of different types of tissue that work together. For
example, the heart consists mainly of a specialized type of muscle tissue, which contracts rhythmically to provide
the heart's pumping action.

Hunter-gatherer
The life of a hunter-gatherer is indeed, as Thomas Hobbes said of the state of nature, 'solitary, poor, nasty,
brutish, and short'. In some respects, to be sure, wandering through the jungle bagging monkeys may be prefera-
ble to the hard slog of subsistence agriculture.
Long-Distance Fliers
Researchers think that long-distance fliers such as the American golden-plover and the white-rumped
sandpiper picked up the spores while lining their nests. Then when the birds arrive in new places they molt,
leaving behind the feathers and their precious cargo-to start growing again at the other end of the world.

Moods
Moods may also have an effect on how information is processed, by influencing the extent to which judges rely
on pre-existing, internal information, or focus on new, external information. Positive moods promote more
holistic and top-down processing style, while negative moods recruit more stimulus-driven and bottom-up
processing.

Blue whales
Blue whales are the largest living mammals. Though reports of maximum length and weight vary from one
account to another, Antarctic blue whales are known to have reached lengths to 100 feet and weights of over 150
tons before stocks were severely depleted by whaling operations.

Soil Samples
Investigators also compared those microbes with those living in fifty-two other soil samples taken from all around
the planet. The park had organisms that also exist in deserts, frozen tundra, forests, rainforests, and prairies.
Antarctica was the only area that had microbes that did not overlap with those found in Central Park. Only a
small percentage of the park's microbes were found to be already listed in databases.

Hunter-gatherer
The life of a hunter-gatherer is indeed, as Thomas Hobbes said of the state of nature, 'solitary, poor, nasty,
brutish, and short'. In some respects, to be sure, wandering through the jungle bagging monkeys may be prefera-
ble to the hard slog of subsistence agriculture.

Tissues and organs

Tissues are grouped together in the body to form organs. These include the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, and
liver. Each body organ has a specific shape and is made up of different types of tissue that work together. For
example, the heart consists mainly of a specialized type of muscle tissue, which contracts rhythmically to provide
the heart's pumping action.

History is selective
History is selective. What history books tell us about the past is not everything that happened, but what histori-
ans have selected. They cannot put in everything: choices have to be made. Choices must similarly be made
about which aspects of the past should be formally taught to the next generation in the shape of school history
lessons.
Physical Activity
Participating regularly in physical activity has been shown to benefit an individual's health and wellbeing. Regu-
lar physical activity is important in reducing the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and stroke,
obesity, diabetes and some forms of cancer. The National Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults recommends at
least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, preferably every day of the week, to obtain health bene-
fits.

Demographic change
How quickly this occurs depends on the dynamics of fertility, mortality and overseas migration. While a moderate
pace of demographic change allows for gradual adjustment of the economy and policies to the changing popula-
tion demographics, rapid changes are more difficult to manage. As a result, governments and society as a whole
may need to take actions to address these issues.

University
A university is a lot more than just classes and exams. University is a concept that offers you a host of
possibilities to develop both academically and personally. Find out about the different projects, clubs and
societies that are in your university. You will definitely find something you are interested in.

Private Equity
It isn't rare for private equity houses to hire graduates fresh out of business schools, but nine times out of ten,
the students who nab these jobs are the ones who had private equity experience before even starting their
MBA program.

Microscopic invaders
We all know about bacteria, viruses, and microscopic protozoa. We can watch the way that these tiny agents
move into our bodies and damage our organs. We have a growing understanding of how our body mounts defen-
sive strategies that fight off these invaders, and have built some clever chemical that can help mount an assault
on these bio-villains.

Food is important
Food is one of the most important things you'll ever buy. And yet most people never bother to think about their
food and where it comes from. People spend a lot more time worrying about what kind of blue jeans to wear,
what kind of video games to play, what kind of computers to buy.

Madagascar's
Scientists have recommended actions the government of Madagascar's recently elected president Andry should
take to turn around the precipitous decline of biodiversity and help put Madagascar on a trajectory towards
sustainable growth. Madagascar's protected areas, some of the most important for biodiversity in the world, have
suffered terribly in recent years from illegal mining, logging, and collection of threatened species for the pet
trade.
 REPEAT
SENTENCE

Total No. of Questions : 10 to 12

Questions Appear Rate : 4 to 5

Repeat Rate : 50%

1. A computer virus destroyed all my files.
2. A lot of agricultural workers came to the east end to look for alternative work.
3. A periodical is a publication that is issued regularly.
4. A preliminary bibliography is due the week before the spring break.
5. A study skill seminar is on for the students who require assistance.
6. A full bibliography is needed at the end of all the assignments.
7. All essays and seminar papers submitted must be emailed to your tutor.
8. All filed assignments should have a full list of bibliography.
9. All necessary information is in the assignment.
10. All undergraduate students should participate in the seminar.

11. All students and staff have access to printers and scanners.
12. All students are encouraged to vote in the upcoming elections.
13. All students must participate in the exercise.
14. All the assignments should be submitted by the end of this week.
15. All the necessary information is in the assignment.
16. Allergy problems do run in the family, but we don't understand why.
17. Any text or references you make should be cited appropriately in the footnotes.
18. Anyone who has a problem with their accommodation should speak to the welfare
officer.
19. Basketball was created in eighteen ninety one by a physical educational instructor.
20. Being a student representative in the union really cuts into my study time.

21. Being a vegan means not consuming any animal product.

22. Conferences are always scheduled on the third Wednesday of the month.
23. Please pass the handouts along to the rest of the people in your row.
24. Distance learning has become far more popular these days.
25. Dr. Green's office has been moved to the second floor of the building.
26. Does the college refectory offer vegetarian dishes on a daily basis?
27. Doing this research makes me think of the purpose of science.
28. Don't forget to hand in your assignments by the end of next week.
29. During the next few centuries, London became one of the most powerful and pros-
perous cities in Europe.
30. The African elephant is the largest living land mammal in the world.
31. Essays should be typed with double space in white paper.
32. Even with a permit, finding a parking spot on campus is almost impossible.
33. Farmers do not always receive price for agricultural goods.
34. Higher numbers of patients were infected than during previous outbreaks of the
illness.
35. However, this method is problematic in terms of accuracy.
36. I believe children should read aloud more.
37. I didn't understand the author's point of view on immigration.
38. I missed yesterday's lecture. Can I borrow your notes?
39. I still don't understand the last sentence.
40. I think the university's main campus is closed.

41. I will be in my office every day from 11 to 12.

42. I will now demonstrate how the reaction can be arrested by adding a dilute acid.
43. I've got a tutorial in an hour and I haven't had any time to prepare for it.
44. If you forgot your student number, you will need to contact Jenny Brice.
45. If you want to quit the student union, tell the registrar.
46. In the last few weeks, we've been looking at various aspects of the social history of
London.
47. International students can get help with locating housing near the university.
48. It is important to take gender into account when discussing the figures.
49. It's time to finalize the work before the Wednesday seminar.
50. Just wait a minute. I will be with you shortly.

51.Meeting with mentors could be arranged for students who need additional help.
52.Meteorology is a detailed study of earth's atmosphere.
53.More females than males graduated from universities last year.
54.Most assignments need to be submitted on the same day.
55.No more than four people can be in the lab at once.
56.Our class is divided into two groups. You come with me, and the others just stay here.
57.To get further extension, you need to call the education executive on 401.
58.You need to finish all the reading chapters before the field trip.
59.Please register your student email account at your earliest convenience.
60.The portfolio is due at the internal review office no later than Tuesday.
61. Put the knife and fork next to the spoon near the edge of the table.
62. In this library, reserve collection books can be borrowed for up to three hours.
63. The residence hall is closed prior to the academic building closing time at the end of
the semester.
64. She has been in the library for a long time.
65. Students are so scared of writing essays because they have never learned how.
66. Most students can get access to computers on a daily basis.
67. The Internet provides unusual opportunities for students and current events.
68. The course comprises twenty hours of lectures, seminars, and tutorials per week.
69. Each group should submit a rough outline of their project to their tutor.
70. The clear evidence between brain events and behavioral events is always fascinat-
ing.

71. I would like an egg and tomatoes on white sandwich bread with orange juice.
72. The minimal mark for Distinction to be awarded is 75%.
73. The office opens on Mondays and Thursdays directly following the freshman induc-
tion seminar.
74. The office said Dr. Smith will arrive later today.
75. The original Olympic Games were celebrated as religious festivals.
76. The part of the story is the story of my father.
77. The pharmacy was closed when I went past this morning.
78. The School of Arts and Design has an open day on Thursday next week.
79. The topic next week on colonial era will be the nuclear disarmament.
80. The tutorial is held on the 8th of April.

81. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy.

82. The wheelchair lift will be upgraded this month.
83. There is no entrance fee for tonight's lecture.
84. All applications of internship are available in the office.
85. We offer a broad range of undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
86. Would you pass me the book on the left-hand side?
87. A demonstrated ability to write clear, correct and concise English is bigotry.
88. Biographical information should be removed prior to the publication of the results.
89. Conservation is the survival of future generation.
90. I wasn’t able to attend the tutorial because I had a doctor appointment
91. I'm glad you got here safely.
92. No crop responds more readily to careful husbandry and skillful cultivation.
93. Students should take advantage of the online resources before attending the lecture.
94. Students will not be given credits for assignments submitted after the due date.
95. The study demonstrates a need for further research in this field.
96. The first person in space was from the Soviet Union.
97. Unfortunately, the two most interesting economic selective subjects clash on my
timetable.
98. Assignments should be submitted to the department office before the deadline.
99. I would like a tomato and cheese sandwich on white bread and orange juice.
100. Students have the opportunity to share their lunch during the common lunch break
around noon.

101. In eighteen thirty, periodicals appeared in large numbers in America

102. Number the beakers and put them away before tomorrow.
103. Physics is the study of matter and energy.
104. Student loans for higher education are now available for international students.
105. The bookstore is located on the main campus behind the library.
106. The library is located on the other side of the campus behind the student center.
107. The small Indian state is a land of forests, valleys and snowy islands.
108. The study of archaeology requires extensive international fieldwork.
109. The United States has developed a coffee culture in recent years.
110. The U.S. ranks twenty second in foreign aid, given as a percentage of GDP.

111. Vessels carry blood from the heart to other organs of the body.
112. What distinguishes him from others is his dramatic use of black and white photogra-
phy.
113. This Thursday is the last day for students to withdraw subjects without any penalty.
114. We are required to submit the assignments before Friday.
115. Please do not bring food into the classroom.
116. I expect a long and stagnant debate for a week or two on this issue.
117. Higher fees make students think more critically about what universities can offer.
118. Anatomy is the study of the body's internal and external structures.
119. Hypothetically, insufficient mastery of comprehension slows future progress.
120. Many undergraduate students go back home and stay with their parents after grad-
uation.
121. We want to attract the very best students regardless of their financial circumstanc-
es.
122. The hypothesis on the black hole is rendered moot as the explanation for the explo-
sion.
123. Restricted scholarships target principally at the students with specific goals.
124. He is almost never in his office.
125. You must ensure you do not include too much irrelevant information.
126. It is interesting to observe the development of the language skills of toddlers.
127. There's an hourly bus service from the campus into the town.
128. You can pay by cash or using a credit card.
129. Those students have to retake the module if their marks are too low.
130. In consultation with your supervisor, your thesis is approved by the faculty commit-
tee.

131. You should go to the reception to get your student card.

132. You can download all lecture handouts from the course website.
133. Eating too much can lead to many health problems.
134. Fishing is a sport and a means for surviving.
135. Contemporary critics dismissed his idea as eccentric.
136. The brain can be called the central computer of the body.
137. Ideally, free trade is beneficial for trading with two partners.
138. Living in the 21st century is increasingly stressful.
139. I would like the assignment less than two thousand words.
140. We have three distinctive libraries which are nationally acclaimed.

141. Parking permits can be collected through the student service office.
142. Everyone should get access to art galleries no matter where they live.
143. There is too much information on this topic.
144. The main sports on campus are rugby, soccer, and tennis.
145. This framework allows us to pose further research questions more systematically.
146. Read the safety instructions before using the equipment during the workshop.
147. Please make an appointment with your tutor about work.
148. I think your watch is fast. You need to reset it.
149. This website has probably the most attractive layout
150. Animals grow larger and stronger to help them hunt better.
151.All students must return the books to the college library before the end of the term.
152.Tuition fees will vary according to the field of study.
153.The contemporary literature works have been broadened and extended through
interpretation.
154.For further information, please contact a member of our administrative team.
155.The professor plans to discuss issues in the news that reflect concepts taught in
class.
156.I have lectures on Tuesdays from nine o’clock until two o’clock.
157.Would you pass me the textbook on that table?
158.You may use your student identification card to borrow books at the library.
159.Keeping organized class notes will make study time more efficient.
160.Animal behavior appears to contain both similar and distinct aspects to that of
humans.

161.Tomorrow evening, there's a panel discussion on sustainable development.

162.We are not able to accept assignments submitted after Friday's deadline.
163.Key aspects of this investigative paradigm may prove useful in other spheres.
164.One of the first mass transit systems was located in France.
165.The university hosts a wide range of events both on and off campus.
166.Our capacity to serve the community is a vital part of our role.
167.At the end of the day, people want to profit from return on their investment.
168.The support and advice of lecturers within the department has been invaluable.
169.Tomorrow's lecture has been canceled due to the power cut.
170.Today we have a guest speaker who is visiting from Canada.

171.Please make sure you use the standard form of quotation.

172.Compiling a bibliography can present a major challenge for some students.
173.By logging in, you agree to all terms and conditions regarding your enrollment.
174.Renewable energy sources are now used to produce electricity.
175.Having a healthy breakfast can provide energy throughout the day.
176.The assessment of this course will begin next week.
177.It is expected that all students have their own laptops.
178.We are committed to recruiting the best students regardless of their financial situa-
tions.
179.You have to submit the project by the end of the week.
180.None of the students found it difficult to get a job.
181.His particular interest is in the 18th century French society.
182.Such behaviors are regarded as a deviation of the norm.
183.The graph shows the population growth in the last century.
184.The origin of psychology can be traced back to ancient Greece.
185.Experts cannot agree on a single definition of intelligence.
186.There is a lot more about this topic on the university website.
187.The literal output of this research is prolific and diverse.
188.She is doing a Master's degree by distance learning.
189.The campus library will be closed during the winter break.
190.Digital scans of archive materials are provided for a small fee.

191.The bus for London will leave ten minutes later than planned.
192.The energy that we absorb from the food we eat can help us prevent the cold and
become warmer.
193.The result of the experiment indicates that further research is needed.
194. This website has probably the most attractive layout
195. The university celebrated the Earth Day by planting trees.
196. In marketing, short-term thinking often leads to disasters.
197. Sport is the main cause of traumatic brain injury in the United States.
198. I believe children should read aloud more.
199. Farmers do not always receive price for agricultural goods.
200. The support and advice of lecturers within the department has been invaluable.

201. You need to use a Bunsen burner and a test tube.

202. The trial experiment is to increase the interests of the issue and the jurisdiction
clause.
 DESCRIBE
IMAGE

Total No. of Questions : 3 to 4

Questions Appear Rate : 2 to 3

Repeat Rate : 40%

 1. 2.

3. 4.

5. Weekly Temperature 6.
 Litchfield Population Growth Probability of Depression by Age
7. 8.

9. 10.

World Income
11. 12.
Distribution
and Poverty
Line in 1970
and 1990
13. 14.

15. 16.

17. 18.
19. 20.

21. 22.

23. 24.
25. 26.

27. 28.

29. 30.
31. 32.

33. 34.

35. 36.
 ANSWER
SHORT QUESTIONS

Total No. of Questions : 5 to 6

Questions Appear Rate : 2 to 3
Repeat Rate : 40%
1.A business doesn’t want to make a loss - what does it want to make? - - Profit
2.What would call a doctor who sells prescribed medicines? - - Pharmacist / Chemist.
3.What is the legal document protecting someone's intellectual property? - - Patent
4.What is the ceremony where two people get married? - -Wedding.
5.How many years are there in a millennium? - One thousand.
6.What is the synonym of destiny? - - Fate.
7.If you need to use a different currency, what do you need to do? - - Exchange.
8.In addition to A, E, what are the other three vowel letters? - - I, O, U.
9.What is the word to describe the process of bringing goods from foreign countries and
then selling it in this country? - - Import.
10.What do you call a group of mountains? - - Range.

11.What is the opposite of majority? - Minority

12.What are winter, spring, summer and autumn? - - Seasons
13.What do we call a period of 100 years? - - Century
14.What do we call the alphabetical list, at the end of the book that tells you where to
find specific information?- - Index
15.What is the summary at the beginning of an academic paper called? - - Abstract
16.What do you call a very long essay, that students have to write for a doctor's degree?
- —Thesis or dissertation
17.Who is the person who works in a hospital and can do operations? - – Surgeon.
18.What does the acronym A.S.A.P stand for? - – As soon as possible
19.When you bake a cake, where do you put the tray into? - Oven.
20.What instrument is used for measuring temperature? - Thermometer

21.What are the joints called when your legs meet the rest of your body? - - Hip.
22.When it’s raining, what object would you raise over your head? - - Umbrella.
23.What kind of protector does a motorbike rider wear to protect his head? - –Helmet
24.What do you call a period of ten years? - – A decade
25.What do we call the site of a college or university's buildings? - - Campus
26.Where would you go to see an exhibition of art works? - Gallery
27.Which sweet food do bees produce? - – Honey
28.Who is a person that makes bread, cakes and pastries? - – Baker
29.In what industry do you work if your job is to extract minerals from below the Earth's
surface? - - Mining
30.What is the private teacher who gives you lessons outside school hours? - - Tutor
31.In what room do scientists usually do experiments? - Laboratory.
32.What do you call the red liquid that transports oxygen through your body? - - Blood.
33.What is the word for a book that someone writes in order to tell the story of their own
life? - - Autobiography.
34.What is the act of sending goods to another country for sale called? - - Export.
35.What are the mountains that can erupt? - - Volcano.
36.What shape has four sides of the same length? - - Square
37.What is the line where the sky meets the land? - Horizon.
38.How would you describe the process when snow becomes water? - - Thaw.
39.What's the relationship between two people sharing the same opinion? - - Agreement.
40.What do the following belong to: roses, daisies, tulips, etc? - - Flowers

41.What does IT stand for? - – Information Technology

42.What are apartments, houses, and flats called? - - Properties
43.What do we call a person who studies the past? - – Historian
44.How would you describe someone who can speak two languages? - – Bilingual.
45.Which organ is the blood pumped from? - - Heart.
46.What is the horizontal line that separates the globe into two same halves? - -
Equator.
47.What word means the opposite of artificial? - - Natural.
48.What do we call trouser-like clothing worn for sports that ends above the knee? - -
Shorts.
49.What are the two holes in your nose that you use to breathe? - - Nostrils.
50.Which part of a birds’ body is used for flying? - - Wings.

51.What do we call a car that uses two types of fuels? - – Hybrid car.
52.If a magazine is published quarterly, how many times a year is it published? - - Four
53.What do you throw underwater to keep ships staying on rivers or oceans without
drifting away? - - Anchor.
54.What is the occupation that transfers one language to another language? - -
Translator.
55.What do you call the two children who were born at the same time? - Twins.
56.What do you call a baby cat? - Kitten.
57.What do you call a photograph of a person's face seen from the side? - - Profile.
58.What do you hear after a flash of lightning? - - Thunder.
59.What do people usually use to cut food? - Knife
60.Some people use right hands to write, then who are the people using left hands to
write? - Left-handed / Lefty / Sinistral
61.Number 1, 3, 5, 7 are odd numbers, then what are number 2, 4, 6? - Even numbers.
62.What do you call a health professional who can help you with your mental health?
- - Psychologist.
63.When we say someone is doing the B.A. in history or literature in the university, what
does B.A. stand for? - - Bachelor of Arts.
64.What do you call the five parts at the front of your foot? - - Toes
65.Where do marine animals live? - - Ocean / Sea.
66.What is the legal relationship between a husband and wife? - - Marriage.
67.How to describe the two lines that have crossed each other and never meet again?
- - Intersecting lines.
68.What do you call young dogs? - - Puppies.
70.What object have three legs that can provide a support for a camera or a telescope? -
- Tripod.

71.What star does the Earth moves around? - - Sun.

72.A sabbatical is a lengthy time away from what type of activity? - - Teaching
73.What is the name for the remains of an Animal or plant preserved in rock? - - Fossil.
74.What is the word for the arguments presented in court by the person accused of a
crime or their lawyer? - -Testimony.
75.In a circle, what is the straight line from the centre point to its outer edge? - - Radius.
76.What are the people who work on a ship or a plane? - - Crew.
77.What do you call the person who studies weather? - - Meteorologist.
78.What do we call a young cow? - - Calf.
79.Some calendars begin the week on Sunday, what is the other day which commonly
starts a week? - - Monday.
80.What does the word TV stand for? - Television.

81.What instrument do scientists use to see tiny elements that cannot been seen with
naked eyes? - – Microscope
82.What do you call someone who cannot see? - – Blind
83.What is the important document that can prove you are eligible to drive a car? - –
Driver's license
84.What is the study of stars and planet called? - – Astronomy
85.Which is the longest: a decade, a millennium or a century? - – A millennium
86.Which one of the following is not a mythological animal, unicorn, giraffe, dragon or
mermaid? - - Giraffe
87.What do you call the diagram which includes a horizontal line called the X-axis and a
vertical line called the Y-axis? - - Coordinate system.
88.What is the opposite of 'guilty'? - - Innocent.
89.When you are speeding on the road and pulled over by the police, what money would
you need to pay? - Fine.
90.When you have the primary, and the secondary, what do you have next? - - Tertiary.
90.When you have the primary, and the secondary, what do you have next? - - Tertiary.
91.What category do bees, butterflies, mosquitoes, and beetles belong to? - Insects.
92.If a company requires its employees to wear identical clothes, what is the clothing
called? - Uniform.
93.What is the main building of a large company or an organization? - Headquarters.
94.What is another name for religious study? - - Theology.
95.Who is the person who writes a piece of music, especially classic music? - -
Composer.
96.What is the antonym of maximum? - - Minimum
97.What do we call the line between the sunset and the sea? - - Horizon.
98. What would you call a specialist who repairs leaking water pipes? - - Plumber
99. At what ceremony do students receive their degree or diploma at the end of their
period of study? - - Graduation
100. Apples and cherries come under which category? - - Fruits

101. What do you call the person who faces you in a court? - - Judge
102. How would you call people who study ancient bones, rocks and plants?
- - Paleontologist.
103. In which direction does the Sun arise from? - - East
104. If someone has a couple of kids, how many kids does he have? - - Two
105. What is the word or expression that has the same or nearly the same meaning as
another word in the same language? - - Synonym.
106. A newspaper is published every day, and a journal is published every month. What
do you call the publication that is published four times a year? - - Quarterly
107. What is the job that people fly an airplane? - - Pilot.
108. What would you call a doctor who treat sick animals? - - Vet.
109. What is the magazine that is dedicated to academic news? - - Academic journal.
110. Apart from addition, subtraction, and division, what is the other mathematical calcu-
lation method? - - Multiplication

111. When the sun is in the sky, what can you see under your body? - - Shadow
112. What is the behavior when an animal changes its color to match the environment for
protection? - - Camouflage
113. How many eggs are there in a dozen? - - 12
114. What is the name for students in universities who have not yet graduated? - - Un-
dergraduates.
115. What is the term to specifically describe either a brother or a sister? - - Sibling
116. What do we call the thread in the center of the candle? - - Wick
117. What do you call young dogs? - - Puppies
118. What do ophthalmologist specialize in? - - Eye operations
119. What could we call a natural disaster when the ground shakes violently? - - Earth-
quake
120. If Monday is the first day of the week, what is the fourth? - - Thursday
121. What is the summary at the beginning of an academic paper called? - - Abstract
122. What type of body covering helps to insulate burns? - - Dressing
123. What is the word for a narrow, tongue shaped piece of land that sticks out into the
sea? - - Peninsula
124. What do you call instructions for cooking a meal? - - Recipe
125. What is the word for a sick or injured person who is in hospital? - - Patient
126. What word means the process of voting for someone, for example, the political
leader of a country. - - Election
127. The term green has come to be associated with the protection of what? - -
Environment
128. What is the generic term for a person who once held the same position or title you
now hold? - - Predecessor
129. What do we call someone who buys and sells insurance or shares in companies for
other people? - - Broker
130.When your company’s assets have increased by triple, how many times does it
increase? - - three times.

131. What do bees collect from the center of flowers? - - Pollen

132. How would you describe a list of events that is placed in time order? - - chronology
133. How many days are there in a week? - - Seven
134. A famous canal links the Mediterranean Sea with the Indian Ocean, is it the Corinth
or Suez Canal? - - Suez Canal
135. What is the antonym of horizontal? - - Vertical
136. If you get sick, you go to see a doctor in hospital. There are different types of doc-
tors. Some doctors deal with bones; some deal with the heart. Which doctor deal with
teeth? - - Dentist
137. What do you call the hair that grows above your eyes? - - Eyebrow
138. What instrument would you use when you want to weigh something? - - Scale
139. What do you call a length of time that lasts for seven days? - - Week
140. Tomorrow’s lecture has been cancelled. If today is Tuesday, then on which day was
the lecture cancelled? - - Wednesday
141. How many quarters in a calendar year? - - Four
142. How many days are there in a fortnight? - - Fourteen
143. How do you call three siblings who were born at the same time? - - Triplets
144. When you mix black and white, what color would you get? - - Gray
145. Where can we find the footnotes on a page? - Bottom.
146. What is the colorful sticker that is put on an envelope? - - Stamp
147. What product do you apply to your skin to protect from sunburn? - - Sunscreen
148. What is the quickest way to get to the 21st floor? - - Elevator
149. What does the chemical symbol H2O stand for in chemistry? - -Water
150. Which continent is Canada located on? - - North America
151. What is the opposite of the minus sign? - - Plus Sign
152. A manufacturing process releases poisonous gases. What is the most important
safety measure for workers at this plant –ensuring good ventilation, or appropriate foot-
wear? - - Ensuring good ventilation
153. What is it called when two or more people are speaking to each other ? - - Conver-
sation
154. What is the heading at the top of an article or page in a newspaper or magazine? - -
Headline.
155. What is the first paragraph of an essay? - - Introduction.
156. What do you call the person who plays musical instruments as a job? - - Musician
157. What is the storyline or the series of scenes of novels, movies, short stories or
plays? - - Plot.
158. What do you call the pointing device that is connected to the computer? - - Mouse.
159. How many years does a centennial celebrate? - - One Hundred.
160. If someone lives in an urban area, where do they live? - - City
161. What are the animals that have fins? - - Fish
162. What do you call the number of people living in a specific area? - - Population
163. What is the opposite of the word "dangerous"? - - Safe
164. What is the red fluid that flows from the heart to the rest of the body? - - Blood
165. What kind of liquid do mammals feed their babies? - - Milk.
166. What do we call it when the moon completely blocks out the light from the sun? - -
Solar Eclipse
167. How would you describe an animal that no longer exist on the earth? - - Extinct
168. Who produces books? - - Publisher
169. Which of the following is not a means of transportation: plane, train, or car model? -
- Car Model
170. What are dollars, euros, and pounds the examples of? - - Currency
171. What is the boat that carries people from one side of a river to the other? - - Ferry
172. Who is the person who buys things in a shop? - - Customer
173. What do you call the daughter of your sister or brother? - - Niece
174. What is the opposite of "negative"? - - Positive
175. What do we use to get to the third floor when the elevator is broken? - - Stairs
176. What is the financial plan of how much money you will spend over a period of time?
- - Budget
177. What is the book that people write about their own stories? - - Autobiography
178. What is the northernmost or the southernmost part of the Earth called? - - Pole
179. What is the verb when employing someone or renting something? - - Hire
180. Despite all the advances in equality between the sexes, would moremen or women
play professional football? - - More men
181. If there are 8 black balls and 1 white ball, and I randomly pick one, which color is
mostly likely to be picked? - - Black
182. What do you call the person who is guilty in law term? - - Criminal
183. Who is a female's partner as in a married relationship? - - Husband
184. What is the tool that you use to measure an adult’s weight? - - Scale
185. Who is the person who gives evidence in court? - - Witness
186. What is the body part of your leg that is below your thigh and between your knee
and ankle? - - Calf
187. What does IT stand for? - - Information Technology
188. What is the short form of a word? - - Abbreviation.
189. What do we call a festival which is held every four years gathering people together
as a sporting event? - - Olympics
190. What is the 26th letter of the alphabet in English? - - Z
191. What gas will be formed from the boiling water? - - Vapour / Steam
192. Which part of your leg can make it possible to bend? - - Knee
193. What do you call a book where you arrange all of your photos together? - - Album
Summarize
WRITTEN TEXT

Total No. of Questions : 1 to 2

Questions Appear Rate : 1 to 2
Repeat Rate : 80%
1. Plug-in vehicle
2. The Rosetta stone
3. Water resource
4. American English
5. Malaysia Tourism
6. World Wide Web
7. Overqualified employees
8. Online teaching & online Learning
9. Oil Price Decline
10. Vividity of T V and Newspaper
11. 3D printing
12. Children Allowance
13. Cataract Surger y
14. The Great Sphinx
15. Australia-US Alliance
16. Grass & Cow
17. School Liaison Police NSW
18. Crime rate
19. Plants research
20. Pre -ser vice teachers
21. Micro-plastics
22. Asda
23. People -watching Obser vation
24. Women’s Institutes
25. Reading Aloud
26. New Women
27. Eater of animal flesh
28. Ethics
29. Electric car
30. Straw as building material
31. Positive mindset
32. Brain waves
33. A flow state
34. Why are women so far behind men
35. Biomimicr y
36. Double Blind
37. Legumes
 WRITING
ESSAY

Total No. of Questions : 1 to 2

Questions Appear Rate : 1 to 2
Repeat Rate : 60%
1 .It is argued that getting married before finishing school or getting a job is foolish. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?

2. More and more women are raising a family with a career. Please give your sugges-
tions on a personal level and national level.

3. Some employers involve employees in the decision-making process of products and

services. What are the advantages and disadvantages of such policy?

4. The formal written examination can be a valid method to assess students’ learning. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?

5. It is often argued that studying overseas is overrated. There are many scholars who
study locally. Is travel a necessary component of quality education?

6. There is no value to travel overseas for study, as you can be a good scholar even
without leaving your home base. It is or isn’t necessary to travel overseas for a better
education?

7. In modern society, unemployment among young people is a serious problem. One

solution is to shorten the working week. Give your opinion of the idea, considering the
advantages and disadvantages, whether it can apply to young people or the whole work-
force.

8.The disadvantages of tourism in less developed countries are as great as the advan-
tages. What is your opinion?

9. In your opinion, what are the advantages and disadvantages of extreme or adventure
sports?

10. Nowadays, more and more people engage in dangerous activities, such as sky diving
and motorcycling. Are you in favor of them? Why? Use examples to support your opinion.

11. The information revolution by modern mass communication has both positive and
negative consequences for individuals and for society.” To what extent do you agree?
Explain with your own experience.

12. Mass media, including TV and newspaper, have a great influence on humans, partic-
ularly on the younger generation. It has a pivotal role in shaping people's opinions. Dis-
cuss the extent you agree or disagree. Use your own experience or examples.
13. Climate change is a concerning global issue. Who should take the responsibilities,
governments, big companies or individuals?

14. Should celebrities give up the right to privacy? Discuss

15. Some people claim that digital age has made us lazier, others claim it has made us
more knowledgeable. Discuss both opinions, use your own experience to support.

16. You are given climate change as the field of study. Which area would you prefer?
Explain why you pick this particular area of your study and give an example in the area
you pick.

17. There are both problems and benefits for high school students study plays and works
of theatres written centuries ago. Discuss and use your own experience.

18. Large shopping malls are replacing small shops. What is your opinion on this? Do
you think this is a good or bad change?

19.There are more and more situations where credit cards are used instead of cash. The
idea of a cashless society seems to be becoming more of a reality. How realistic do you
think it is? What do you see as the potential benefits or problems?

20. The medical technology is responsible for increasing the average life expectancy. Do
you think it is a curse or a blessing?

21. Some people point that experiential learning (i.e. learning by doing) can work well in
formal education. However, others think a traditional form of teaching is the best. Do you
think experiential learning is beneficial in high school or college?

22. Should parents be held legally responsible for the actions of their children? Do you
agree with this opinion?Support your position with your own study, experience or obser-
vation.

23. Some universities deduct students’ marks if assignments are given late. What is your
opinion and give your recommendations?

24. Many people choose to emigrate to other countries. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of living in a foreign country? Discuss with your own experience.

25. Living in the countryside or having a city life, which one do you prefer? Please use
examples or your personal experience to support your opinion.
24. Governments should not put too much attention on arts, such as theaters, xxx and
xxx. Governments should allocate more funds to areas of concern. Do you agree with
this opinion or not? Use your own experience to support your idea.

25. The world’s governments and organizations are facing a lot of issues. Which do you
think is the most pressing problem for the inhabitants on our planet?And give solutions.

26. How does the design of building affect, either positively or negatively, where people
work and live?

27. Some people argue that experience is the best teacher. Life experiences can teach
more effectively than books or formal school education. How far do you agree with this
idea? Support your opinion with reasons and/or your personal experience.

28. With the increase of digital media available online, the role of the library has become
obsolete. Universities should only procure digital materials rather than constantly update
textbooks. Discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of this position and give your
own point of view.

29. More and more women are raising a family with a career. Please give your sugges-
tions on a personal level and national level.

30. More and more countries spend large amounts of money on the restoration of build-
ings instead of on modern housing. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this
analysis? Support your writing with your experience and/or examples.

31. Nowadays, it is increasingly more difficult to maintain the right balance between work
and other aspects of one’s life, such as time with family and leisure needs. How import-
ant do you think is this balance? Why do people find it hard to achieve?

32. Advanced technology such as artificial intelligence can translate a foreign language
easily. Do you think learning a foreign language is still necessary? Support with your
own experience.

33. Television has many functions to play in everyone's life. For some it's relaxation; for
some, it is the companion. To what extent do you think the statement is true? Please
provide your argument and supporting evidence from your own experience.

34. There is a current trend of paying teachers for students' achievements. Some people
agree that it is an incentive for teachers to link students' achievements to teachers'
salary, while others disagree. What is your opinion?
 READING
R&W

LATEST ADDED
QUESTIONS

Repeat Rate : 55%

Very High Repeating Rate
The Black Diamonds

An exotic type of diamond may have come to Earth from outer space, scientists say.
Called carbonado or "black" diamonds, the mysterious stones are found in Brazil and the
Central African Republic. They are unusual for being the color of charcoal and full of
frothy bubbles.

English class at Beijing Language Institute

There were twenty-six freshmen majoring in English at Beijing Language Institute in the
class of 1983. I was assigned to Group Two with another eleven boy and girls who has
come from big cities in China. I was told that language study required smallness so that
we would each get more attention from the skillful teachers. The better the school, the
smaller the class. I realized that my classmates were ready all talking in English, simple
sentences tossed out to each other in their red-faced introductions and carefree chat-
ting. Their intonations were curving and dramatic and their pronunciation refined and
accurate. But as I stretched to catch the drips and drops of their humming dialogue, I
couldn’t understand it all, only that it was English. Those words now flying before me
sounded a little familiar. I had read them and tried to speak them, but I had never heard
them spoken back to me in such a speedy, fluent manner. My big plan of beating the city
folks was thawing before my eyes.

Track Down Research

Having tracked down research that is relevant to your area of interest the next task is to
actually make sense of that research. This section is intended to show you how to be
critical of the research you are reviewing and how to check that the evidence is credible
and represented appropriately. Unfortunately this means discussing the
ways in which research findings may be misrepresented.

Genetically Modified Foods

Genetically modified foods provide no direct benefit to consumers; the food is not
noticeably better or cheaper. The greater benefit, proponents argue, is that genetic engi-
neering will play a crucial role in feeding the world's burgeoning population. Opponents
disagree, asserting that the world already grows more food per person than ever before
– more, even, than we can consume.
Estée Lauder

Leonard Lauder, chief executive of the company his mother founded, says she always
thought she "was growing a nice little business." And that it is. A little business that
controls 45% of the cosmetics market in U.S. department stores. A little business that
sells in 118 countries and last year grew to be $3.6 billion big in sales.
The Lauder family's shares are worth more than $6 billion. But early on, there wasn't a
burgeoning business, there weren't houses in New York, Palm Beach, Fla., or the south
of France. It is said that at one point there was one person to answer the telephones
who changed her voice to become the shipping or billing department as needed. You
more or less know the Estée Lauder story because it's a chapter from the book of Ameri-
can business folklore. In short, Josephine Esther Mentzer, daughter of immigrants, lived
above her father's hardware store in Corona, a section of Queens in New York City. She
started her enterprise by selling skin creams concocted by her uncle, a chemist, in
beauty shops, beach clubs and resorts. No doubt the portions were good
— Estée Lauder was a quality fanatic — but the saleslady was better. Much better. And
she simply outworked everyone else in the cosmetics industry. She stalked the bosses of
New York City department stores until she got some counter space at Saks Fifth Avenue
in 1948. And once in that space, she utilized a personal selling approach that proved as
potent as the promise of her skin regimens and perfumes.

Emerald

Emerald is defined by its green color. To be an emerald, a specimen must have a

distinctly green color that falls in the range from bluish green to green to slightly yellow-
ish green. To be an emerald, the specimen must also have a rich color. Stones with weak
saturation or light tone should be called “green beryl.” If the beryl‘s color is greenish
blue then it is an “aquamarine.” If it is greenish yellow it is “heliodor”.

This color definition is a source of confusion. Which hue, tone, and saturation combina-
tions are the dividing lines between "green beryl" and "emerald"? Professionals in the
gem and jewellery trade can disagree on where the lines should be drawn. Some believe
that the name "emerald" should be used when chromium is the cause of the green color,
and that stones colored by vanadium should be called "green beryl."
Calling a gem an "emerald" instead of a "green beryl" can have a significant impact upon
its price and marketability. This "color confusion" exists within the United States. In some
other countries, any beryl with a green color - no matter how faint - is called an "emer-
ald."
Australian Renewable Energy Agency

The Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) has awarded $2.49 million to cover a
portion of the cost of acollaborative project led by the Australian Maritime College at the
University of Tasmania, in partnership with The University of Queensland and CSIRO.
The $5.85 million 'Tidal Energy in Australia - Assessing Resource and
Feasibility to Australia's Future Energy Mix' project will map the country's tidal energy in
unprecedented detail before assessing its ability to contribute to Australia's energy
needs. Lead chief investigator Associate Professor Irene Penesis from the University of
Tasmania said the project would help overcome barriers to investment in
commercial-scale tidal farms in Australia. 'With some of the largest tides in the world,
Australia is ideal for this extremely reliable and low-carbon form of energy,' she said.

Iceland Volcanic Events

On average, Iceland experiences a major volcanic event once every 5 years. Since the
Middle Ages, a third of all the lava that has covered the earth's surface has erupted in
Iceland. However, according to a recent geological hypothesis, this estimate does not
include submarine eruptions, which are much more extensive than those on
the land surface.

The Resultant force

The overall result of two or more forces acting on an object is called the resultant force
the resultant of two forces is a single force, which has the same effect as the two forces
combined. If two forces pull an object in opposite directions, the size of the resultant can
be found by subtracting one force from the other. If the forces are equal, they balance
each other.

Australian Renewable Energy Agency

The Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) has awarded $2.49 million to cover a
portion of the cost of a collaborative project led by the Australian Maritime College at the
University of Tasmania, in partnership with The University of Queensland and CSIRO.
Lead chief investigator Associate Professor Irene Penesis from the University of Tasma-
nia said the project would help overcome barriers to investment in commercial-scale tidal
farms in Australia. 'With some of the largest tides in the world, Australia is ideal for this
extremely reliable and low-carbon form of energy,' she said.
Civil War

A Civil War reenactment is in part a memorial service. It is partly, too, a leisure activity.
Furthermore most reenactors assert an educational import to the performance, and to
develop their roles many pursue archival research with a rare dedication. On the other
hand Civil War reenactments are increasingly commercial spectacles, with as many as
fifty thousand Americans routinely gathering at (or near) historical Civil War battlefields
in order to stage performances that purport to recreate the conflict, while hundreds of
thousands more spectate (Hadden 1996:5). I will show how theoretical issues of
authenticity arise as practical problems in the Civil War reenactment community by pre-
senting my own observations from the 2006 Gettysburg reenactment and by relying on a
number of texts produced by participant-o servers. In particular I will refer to Robert Lee
Hodge, who was made famous by Tony Horwitz's 1996 book, Confederates in the Attic,
and who served as a kind of Virgil to the author on his journey through a Confederate
Valhalla. From these sources I will argue that 'Living History' performances require an
interpretive apparatus that takes genuine history as its authority, while remaining exter-
nal to both participants and tourists, who may well be unaware of how closely their own
involvement approximates genuine historical events.

Impact and management of purple loosestrife (New)

Recently, management of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), has been criticized for
lack of evidence demonstrating negative impacts of L. salicaria, and management using
biocontrol for lack of evidence documenting the failure of conventional control methods.
Although little quantitative evidence on negative impacts on native wetland biota and
wetland function was available at the onset of the control program in 1985, recent work
has demonstrated that the invasion of purple loosestrife into North American freshwater
wetlands alters decomposition rates and nutrient cycling, leads to reductions in wetland
plant diversity, reduces pollination and seed output of the native Lythrum alatum, and
reduces habitat suitability for specialized wetland bird species such as black terns, least
bitterns, pied-billed grebes, and marsh wrens. Conventional methods (physical, mechani-
cal or chemical), have continuously failed to curb the spread of purple loosestrife or
to provide satisfactory control.

Although a number of generalist insect and bird species utilize purple loosestrife, wet-
land habitat specialists are excluded by encroachment of L. salicaria. We conclude that
negative ecosystem impacts of purple loosestrife in North America justify control of the
species and that detrimental effects
Global Textile Industry

The environmental impact of the global textile industry is hard to overstate. One-third of
the water used worldwide is spent fashioning fabrics. For every ton of cloth produced,
200 tons of water is polluted with chemicals and heavy metals. An estimated 1 trillion
kilowatt-hours of electricity powers the factories that card and comb, spin and weave,
and cut and stitch materials into everything from T-shirts to towels, leaving behind
mountains of solid waste and a massive carbon footprint.
“Where the industry is today is not really sustainable for the long term,” says Shreyaskar
Chaudhary, chief executive of Pratibha Syntex, a textile manufacturer based outside
Indore, India. With something of an “if you build it, they will come” attitude, Mr.Chaud-
hary has steered Pratibha toward the leading edge of eco-friendly textile production.
Under his direction, Pratibha began making clothes with organic cotton in 1999. Initially,
the company couldn't find enough organic farms growing cotton in central
India to supply its factories. To meet production demands, Chaudhary's team had to
convince conventional cotton farmers to change their growing methods.

Effective Leader

In search of lessons to apply in our own careers, we often try to emulate what effective
leaders do. Roger Martin says this focus is misplaced, because moves that work in one
context may make little sense in another. A more productive, though more difficult,
approach is to look at how such leaders think. After extensive interviews with more than
50 of them, the author discovered that most are integrative thinkers -that is, they can
hold in their heads two opposing ideas at once and then come up with a new idea that
contains elements of each but is superior to both.

Crop Losses

As demand for food and competition for land rises, it is vital that crop losses are limited.
Chemical protection has provided effective control of crop losses in recent years. Along-
side chemical fertilizers and improved crop genetics, it has helped to increase crop
yields dramatically over the last six decades. However, there is now a need to develop
complementary alternatives, and researchers from the Rural Economy and Land Use
Program have been exploring the potential of -- and barriers to -- alternative pest man-
agement approaches. 'Alternatives to chemical pesticides are needed because overuse
of them leads to pesticide resistance and affects biodiversity and water quality,' says Dr
Alastair Bailey. 'Heightened EU regulations are also leading to the withdrawal of many
pesticide products. Hence, complementary approaches are required to reduce use and
preserve the efficacy of those valuable pesticides that are still available to sustain food
production systems.
Sigmund Freud

That Sigmund Freud became a major intellectual presence in twentieth-century culture is

not in doubt. Nor is there any doubt that at all times there was both fervent enthusiasm
over and bitter hostility to his ideas and influence. But the exact means by which Freud
became, despite this hostility, a master of intellectual life, on a par, already in the 1920s,
with Karl Marx, Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Bertrand Russell, has not been suffi-
ciently explored. Strikingly, Freud emerged as a twentieth-century icon without the
endorsement and support of an institution or a profession (in contrast to Einstein, Curie
and Russell). Where are we to look for the details of this story of an emergent - and new
- figure of immense cultural authority? One of the principal aims of this book is to show
how this happened in one local, parochial yet privileged, site - Cambridge, then as now
a university town stranded in the English Fens with a relatively small fluctuating popula-
tion.

The Iron Age

People in parts of western Africa and southwestern Asia were the first to realize that the
dark-silvery rocks poking out of the earth could be worked into tools and weapons,
sometime around 1500 B.C., evidence shows. The metal was probably discovered there
by accident when some ore was dropped into a fire and cooled into wrought iron, histori-
ans think. The eureka moment didn't reach Europe for another 500 years, traveling
slowly north and west through Greece, Italy, central Europe and finally to the British
Isles with the spread of the famous Celtic tribes. The Celts diffused iron technology over
much of the continent through warfare, where their victory was assured due to the
strength of iron weapons. Perhaps not the most peaceful of cultural exchanges, but
where the technology did travel, it caught on fast. Iron made life a lot easier in those
days, when just living to the age of 45 was a feat. By that time, much of Europe had
settled into small village life, toiling the soil with bronze and stone tools..

Colorful Poison Frogs

Colorful poison frogs in the Amazon owe their great diversity to ancestors that leapt into
the region from the Andes Mountains. This is the first study to show that the Andes have
been a major source of diversity for the Amazon basin, one of the largest reservoirs of
biological diversity on Earth. The finding runs counter to the idea that Amazonian diversi-
ty is the result of evolution only within the tropical forest itself. We have shown that you
cannot understand Amazonian biodiversity by looking only in the basin.Adjacent regions
have played a major role
Utility

Most housing agencies would pay the utility costs for tenants, generally be-
cause individual unit in developments don’t have individual meters. The family
pays its own bills to the utility company, or agencies deduct an amount from the
family’s rent.

Cultural studies

Cultural studies is a new way of engaging in the study of culture. In the past
many academic subjects –including anthropology, history, literary studies,
human geography and sociology – have brought their own disciplinary concerns
to the study of culture. However, in recent decades there has been a renewed
interest in the study of culture that has crossed disciplinary boundaries. The
resulting activity, cultural studies, has emerged as an intriguing and exciting
area of intellectual inquiry that has already shed important new light on the
character of human cultures and which promises to continue so to do. While
there is little doubt that cultural studies is coming to be widely recognised as an
important and distinctive field of study, it does seem to encompass a potentially
enormous area. This is because the term ‘culture’ has a complex history and
range of usages, which have provided a legitimate focus of inquiry for several
academic disciplines.

Civil society and the market

For too long we have held preconceived notions of ‘the’ market and ‘the’ state
that were seemingly independent of local societies and cultures. The debate
about civil society ultimately is about how culture, market and state relate to
each other. Concern about civil society, however, is not only relevant to central
and eastern Europe and the developing world. It is very much of interest to the
European Union as well. The Civil Dialogue Initiated by the Commission in the
1990s was a first attempt by the EU to give the institutions of society - and not
only governments and businesses-a voice at the policy-making tables in Brus-
sels. The EU, like other international institutions, has a long way to go in trying
to accommodate the frequently divergent interests of non-governmental organi-
zations and citizen groups. There is increasing recognition that international
and national governments have to open up to civil society institutions.
Native species in North America (R/W)

Of the more than 1,000 bat species worldwide, 22 are native to North America. And while
there are no pollinator bats in our area, gardeners should champion those that do live
here, because they’re insectivorous. These bats consume moths, beetles and mosquitoes,
and can eat up to 500 mosquito-sized insects per hour. They also protect gardens and
crops from such pests as cucumber beetles, cutworms and leafhoppers.

Concept of Culture (R)

Many people today think of culture in the way that it was thought of in Europe during the
18th and early 19th centuries. This concept of culture reflected inequalities within Europe-
an societies and their colonies around the world. This understanding of culture equates
culture with civilization and contrasts both with nature or non-civilization. According to this
understanding of culture, some countries are more civilized than others, and some people
are more cultured than others. Anything that doesn’t FIT into this category is labeled as
chaos or anarchy. From this perspective, culture is closely tied to cultivation, which is the
progressive refinement of human behavior.

In practice, culture referred to elite goods and activities such as haute cuisine, high fash-
ion or haute couture, museum-caliber art and classical music. The word cultured referred
to people who knew about and took part in these activities. For example, someone who
used culture in this sense might argue that classical music is more refined than music by
working-class people, such as jazz or the indigenous music traditions of aboriginal
peoples.

The wholeness of thought

The writer-or, for that matter, the speaker conceives his thought whole, as a unity, but
must express it in a line of words; the reader- or listener-must take this line of symbols
and from it reconstruct the original wholeness of thought. There is little difficulty in con-
versation, because the listener receives innumera- ble cues from the physical expressions
of the speaker; there is a dialogue, and the listener can cut in at any time. The advantage
of group discussion is that people can overcome linear sequence of words by converging
on ideas from different directions; which makes for wholeness of thought. But the reader is
confronted by line upon line of printed symbols, without benefits of physical tone and em-
phasis or the possibility of dialogue or discussion.
Australian families (R/W)

Families provide emotional, physical, and financial care and support to their members, and
are often the basis on which government assistance is determined and administered. Aus-
tralians have traditionally experienced three main living arrangements over a life cycle:
living with parents, living with a partner (for some of this period was children), and living
alone in old age if that partner died. Now and into the future, living arrangements
throughout a life cycle may also include living alone or in a group household before per-
haps forming a long-term partnership, or living as a lone parent or alone after divorce or
separation. These changes in living arrangements and family characteristics are the out-
come of various demographic and social trends, such as declining fertility, increased rates
of divorce and longer life expectancy.

Promoting good customer service (R/W)

Promoting good customer service must start at the top. If management doesn’t realise how
important this aspect of their business is, they will be at an instant disadvantage in their
industry Good customer response equates to loyal customers, which are the cornerstone
of any successful business. No matter how money you invest in your marketing, if you
don't much have the fundamental elements of your business right, it's wasted money.

Spanish language (R/W)

If after years of Spanish classes, some people still find it impossible to understand some
native speakers, they should not worry. This does not necessarily mean the lessons were
wasted. Millions of Spanish speakers use neither standard Latin American Spanish nor
Castilian, which predominate in US schools. The confusion is partly political - the Span-
ish-speaking world is very diverse. Spanish is the language of 19 separate countries and
Puerto Rico. This means that there is no one standard dialect. The most common Spanish
dialect taught in the US is standard Latin American. It is sometimes called "Highland"
Spanish since it is generally spoken in the mountainous areas of Latin America. While
each country retains its own accents and has some unique vocabulary, residents of coun-
tries such as Mexico, Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia generally speak Latin American
Spanish, especially in urban centers. This dialect is noted for its pronunciation of each
letter and its strong "r" sounds. This Spanish was spoken in Spain in the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries and was brought to the Americas by the early colonists. However,
the Spanish of Madrid and of northern Spain, called Castilian, developed characteristics
that never reached the New World.
Color preferences (R/W)

Many tests have shown that, in a very broad way, people in most parts of the world have
similar color preferences. Blue is the most preferred and popular hue, followed in order by
red, green, purple, yellow, and orange. Overlaying this basic order of color preference,
however, are the responses of individuals, which of course vary widely and may also be
very powerful. Children are likely to have strong preferences for some colors and aver-
sions to others, but sometimes will not admit to them, since outside factors may be influen-
tial in determining both color preferences and the way that they are expressed or sup-
pressed. Current fashions in clothes and accessories, gender-stereotyping, and
peer-group pressure may all play a significant part. Boys, in particular, may be reluctant to
admit to any strong preferences for colors other than those of favorite football teams,
because color awareness may be regarded by their peer group as feminine.
 More Topics
Reading & Writing Reading
1). Burger King 1). Performance appraisals
2). Darkness in the Northern Hemisphere 2). Stress
3). What’s a herbal? 3). Environmentalists
4). Mayan Civilisation 4). Just-in-time
5). Effective Leader 5). The United Nations Library
6). Daniel Harris 6). Gun violence
7). How fish travel 7). Cuteness
8). Performance appraisals 8). Steven Pinker
9). Economic Character 9). Wind Moving
10). DNA is a Molecule 10). Orchestra
11). Paris is very old 11). The gray wolf
12). The Iron Age 12). Crime prevention
13). Ocean floor 13). South Fremantle Power
14) Bizarre Universe Station
15) Petrified Forest 14) Fingerprint
16) Delegation
17) Richard Morris
18) Significance of instinct
19) Computational thinking
20) Natural Capital
21) The Origin of Music
22) Digitalisation and smart automation
23) Sydney
24) A Bonus of Dendrochronology
25) Job-hunting
26) The Bridge to Pop
27) DNA on a Crime Scene
28) Quiet or noisy study space
29) Basic organisms
30) Peter Garrett
FILL IN THE BLANKS
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William Shakespeare
For all his fame and celebration, William Shakespeare remains a mysterious figure with
regards to personal history. There are just two primary sources for information on the
Bard: his works, and various legal and church documents that have survived from Eliza-
bethan times. Naturally, there are many gaps in this body of information, which tells us
little about Shakespeare the man.

Integrated Ticketing
Well in 2004 we integrated ticketing in South East Queensland, so we introduced a
paper ticket that allowed you to travel across all the three modes in South East
Queensland, so bus, train and ferry and the second stage of integrated ticketing is the
introduction of a Smart Card, and the Smart Card will enable people to store value so to
put value on the card, and then to use the card for traveling around the system.

Contract Patterns Generator (CPG)

In animals, a movement is coordinated by a cluster of neurons in the spinal cord called
the central contract patterns generator (CPG). This produces signals that drive muscles
to contract rhythmically in a way that produces running or walking, depending on the
pattern of pulses. A simple signal from the brain instructs the CPG to switch between
different modes such as going from a standstill to walking.

Ocean Currents
For many years, the favorite horror story about abrupt climate change was that a shift in
ocean currents could radically cool Europe's climate. These currents, called the over-
turning circulation, bring warm water and warm temperatures north from the equator to
Europe.
Susan Lozier, an oceanographer at Duke University, says scientists have long worried
that this ocean circulation could be disrupted.

Financial Markets
Financial markets swung wildly yesterday in the frenzied trading market by further selling
of equities and fears about an unraveling of the global carry trade. At the same time,
trading in the US and European credit markets were exceptionally heavy for a third con-
secutive day. London trading was marked by particularly wild swings in the prices of
credit derivatives, used to ensure investors against corporate defaults.

Beekeeper
Dave Hackenberg, a beekeeper since 1962, can usually tell what killed his bees just by
looking at them. If they're lying on the ground in front of a hive, it's probably pesticides,
he says. If the bees are deformed and wingless, it's probably vampire mites. But last
fall, Hackenberg saw something he had never seen before. Thousands of his bee colo-
nies simply disappeared. He was in Florida at the time, pulling the lids off some of his
commercial hives. To his horror, they were all empty.
Online Dating
Bruch and her colleague Mark Newman studied who swapped messages with whom on a
popular online dating platform in the month of January 2014. They categorized users by
desirability using PageRank, one of the algorithms behind search technology. Essential-
ly, if you receive a dozen messages from desirable users, you must be more desirable
than someone who receives the same number of messages from average users.

Then they asked: How far "out of their league" do online daters tend to go when pursuing
a partner? "I think people are optimistic realists."

In other words, they found that both men and women tended to pursue mates just 25
percent more desirable than themselves. "So they're being optimistic, but they're also
taking into account their own relative position within this overall desirability hierarchy."

And the study did have a few more lessons for people on the market: "I think one of the
take-home messages from this study is that women could probably afford to be more
aspirational in their mate pursuit."

Laurence Stephen Lowry

Laurence Stephen Lowry was an English artist. Many of his drawings and paintings
depict Pendlebury,

Lancashire, where he lived and worked for more than 40 years, Salford and its vicinity.
Lowry is famous for painting scenes of life in the industrial districts of North West En-
gland in the mid-20th century. He developed a distinctive style of painting and is best
known for his city landscapes peopled with human figures, often referred to as ""match-
stick men"". He painted mysterious unpopulated landscapes, brooding portraits and the
unpublished ""marionette"" works, which were only found after his death.

South Australia
Now that the story's been scratched, it is only part of contingency planning. But it was a
symptom of the dramatic turn of events in South Australia, and it flushed out other
remarks from water academics and people like Tim Flannery, indicating that things were
really much worse than had been foreshadowed, even earlier this year. So is Adelaide,
let alone some whole regions of South Australia, in serious bother? Considering that the
vast amount of its drinking water comes from the beleaguered Murray, something many
of us outside the state may not have quite realized. Is their predicament something we
have to face up to as a nation?
Beautiful Buildings
Along the way we have built unashamedly beautiful buildings, two of which have won
and another was runner- up in the prestigious United Nations World Habitat Award: the
first time an Australian building has received that international honour. We rely on older
concepts of Australian architecture that are heavily influenced by the bush. All residents
have private verandhas which allow them to socialize outdoors and also creates some
"defensible space" between their bedrooms and public areas. We use a lot of natural
and soft materials to build beautiful landscape gardens.

Sunflowers by Van Gogh

These two paintings, both called “Sunflowers,” are generally accepted as the finest of
several depictions of the thick-stemmed, nodding blooms that Van Gogh made in 1888
and 1889 during his time in Arles. The first is now in the collection of the National Gal-
lery in London, and the second is in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. Van Gogh
referred to this work as a “repetition” of the London painting. But art historians and
curators have long been curious to know how different this “repetition” is from the first.
Should it be considered a copy, an independent artwork or something in between? An
extensive research project conducted over the past three years by conservation experts
at both the National Gallery and the Van Gogh Museum has concluded that the second
painting was “not intended as an exact copy of the original example,” said Ella Hen-
driks, a professor of conservation and restoration at the University of Amsterdam, who
was the lead researcher on the project.

Nanotechnology
What is nanotechnology? Well, a report that was put together by a combination of the
Royal Society and the Royal Academy of Engineering that came out last summer, identi-
fied two topics. Nano-science is the study of phenomena and the manipulation of mate-
rials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where properties differ significant-
ly from those as a larger scale. Nanotechnologies are the design characterization, pro-
duction and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and
size at the nanometer scale. So I'll talk a little bit more in a moment about what a nano-
meter is, but loosely speaking people think of nanotechnologies as being a sort of a
hundred nanometers or less.
Carbon-rich soils
Rebuilding carbon-rich agricultural soils is the only real productive permanent solution
to taking excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. She's frustrated that scientists
and politicians don't see the same opportunities she sees.
This year Australia will emit just over 600 million tonnes of carbon. We can sequester
685 million tonnes of carbon by increasing soil carbon by half a per cent on only two per
cent of the farms. If we increased it on all of the farms, we could sequester the whole
world's emissions of carbon.

Cars in America
There are some 250 million cars in America, 250 million cars in the country with just over
300 million people. And most of those vehicles, of course, are gas powered. This poses
a huge challenge given the limited supplies of oil and the growing urgency of the global
warming crisis.
But there is good news, according to our guests today. And that is we have the
know-how and the technology to build sleek, fast automobiles that don't use gasoline.
These vehicles of tomorrow are powered by hydrogen, electricity, bio-fuels, and digital
technology. And they already exist. So what's stopping us from putting them on the
roads? Our guests today will help answer that.

Malaria
Also, malaria is something that is a very complex disease with this complex life cycle.
That means that if you're going to eliminate it, you have to be able to target cute para-
sites and humans. You have to be able to target parasites in the mosquitoes, that mos-
quito population. And so that requires a lot of resources. It requires really
good planning and a health system across all these different levels. And so I think the
political capital that you need for that, the educational infrastructure you need for that,
the economic resources you need for that are quite a challenge.

Dogs and Hygiene Hypothesis

Dogs aren't just man's best friend. Previous studies have shown that kids with dogs are
less likely to develop asthma. Now a new study may show how—if results from mice
apply to us. The work was presented at a meeting of the American Society for Microbiol-
ogy. The study tests what’s called the hygiene hypothesis. The idea is that extreme
cleanliness may actually promote disease later on. Researchers collected dust from
homes that had a dog. They fed that house dust to mice. They then infected the mice
with a common childhood infection called respiratory syncytial virus—or RSV.
Locomotion

We are trying to understand the locomotion of one of our closest living relatives, which
is the orangutan, and also the locomotion of all of the apes and the common ancestor of
humans and the other apes. And in that area, we have had a big problem traditionally,
and that we know a lot about how they move around the forest. I've been out to the
forest and spent a year recording the different types of locomotion they use, but we
have no idea about the energetic cost of how they move around the forest and the solu-
tions that they find to problems of moving around the canopy. And what we're doing here
is using the park or athletes as an analogy for a large bodied ape moving around a com-
plex environment and getting them to move around in the course
that we've made that they've never seen before. And we're going to record their energet-
ic expenditure while they're doing it.

Productivity in Industrial Revolution

I'm going to argue that the tremendous increases in productivity that we associate with
the industrial revolution originate not so much from changes in science or technology or
new inventions, where England was far from unique as from changes in attitudes, atti-
tudes towards morality, towards what constituted the good. Attitudes towards property,
which became in England individuals long before it did on the continent. Attitudes
toward the proper role of government. And together, these attitudes constitute much of
what the Luddites were protesting against.

Lead-in Time

Lead-in time is the amount of time that elapses between a business placing an order
with a supplier for more stock or raw materials and the delivery of the goods to the busi-
ness. Businesses want the lead-in time to be as short as possible, so that they can meet
their customer orders and minimize the time between paying for the stock and receiving
the revenue from the customer. However, this may not happen due to a number of
factors,such as delays in the supplier receiving the order, or the breakdown of the sup-
pliers’ lorries delivering the stock to the business.
Life on Mars
The thing that makes it difficult is because even if life had evolved on Mars, the chances
of being preserved are very small. If we use Earth as a reference and our planet is
teeming with life, yet it rarely preserves evidence of life of the fossil record. And the
focus now is on exploring for habitable environments. If you're looking for water, a
source of energy, either solar energy or thermal energy or chemical energy, and then
organic carbon, assuming life as we know it on Earth based on carbon. So those are
sort of the three things that we're looking for in the course of our mission.

Green chemistry
Green chemistry is a is a concept designed to develop technologies which allow chem-
istry to be practiced with minimal damage to the environment or in an environmentally
compatible way. And it's meant to cover both chemical processes and chemical
products. The center, if you would, set up about seven or eight years ago, and the idea
was to provide a hub of activities that covered fundamental research work, industrial
collaboration, but also educational developments. So we work with schools and on public
[understanding] projects as well, and also networking. So we network out to well over
1000 people around the globe.
 WRITE FROM
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 WRITE FROM DICTATIONS
1. The celebrated theory is still the source of great controversy.
2. Economic development needs to be supported by the government.
3. Although sustainable development is not easy, it is an unavoidable responsibility.
4. Americans have typically defined the process of plant growth in quantitative terms.
5. An introduction is an essential element of presentation.
6. Tribes vied with each other to build monolithic statues.
7. Education and training provide important skills for the labor force.
8. Convincing evidence to support this theory is hard to obtain.
9. The ability to work with fellow students cannot be stressed enough.
10. The government department was doing some crucial work on climate change.
11. You are advised to use multiple research methods for this project.
12. The essay contains most of the important information.
13. The lecture tomorrow will discuss the educational policy of the United States.
14. You will be tested via quizzes and a dissertation.
15. All students are expected to attend ten lab sessions per semester.
16. Radio is a popular form of entertainment throughout the world.
17. Speed is defined as how quickly an object or a person moves.
18. Make sure you choose a course that provides great career opportunities.
19. Nurses can specialize in clinical work or management.
20. Sugar is a compound including carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms.
21. International exchange formed the important part of our study program.
22. The history department is very active in research.
23. All of your assignments are due on Wednesday.
24. Castles were designed to intimidate both local people and enemies.
25. The new articles for the study and the subject are collected.
26. Journalism faces the crisis in the light of the digital revolution.
27. A laptop computer has been found in the biology lab.
28. Measures must be taken to prevent the unemployment rate from increasing.
29. Before attending classes, you must register online or by post.
30. Library reference desks hold a lot of materials on academic history.
31. Salt is produced from the seawater or extracted from the ground.
32. More graduate training is needed after university study has finished.
33. The course will help students to improve their pronunciation skills.
34. We can all meet at my office after the lecture.
35. Your ideas are discussed and debated in seminars and tutorials.
36. The first assignment is due on the fourteenth of September.
37. The garden behind the university is open to the public in summer.
38. The history of the university is a long and interesting one.
39. The nation achieved prosperity by opening its ports for trade.
40. Academic libraries across the world are steadily incorporating social media.
41. Imported default packages are likely to be used for most computers.
42. The theme of the instrumental work exhibits more of a demure compositional style.
43. The ways in which people communicate are constantly changing.
44. The stock market crash had repercussions throughout the world.
45. This morning’s lecture on economic policy has been canceled.
46. Students should leave their bags on the table behind the door.
47. Traffic is the main cause of air pollution in many cities.
48. Agenda items should be submitted by the end of the day.
49. Please close the door behind you when you leave the room.
50. Water filters on campus will discourage the unnecessary use of plastic bottles.
51. We can’t consider any increase in our price at this stage.
52. Astronomers use light years to measure distance in space.
53. Honey can be used as food and a health product.
54. Farmers need to adapt to the changes in climate.
55. Many university lectures can now be viewed on the internet.
56. Linguistics is the scientific study and analysis of language.
57. Trees benefit the city by soaking up the rainwater that runs off the roads.
58. The economic status of the early Roman Republic will be examined.
59. Please note that the seminar has now been canceled.
60. All industries are a system of inputs, processes, outputs and feedback.
61. The shipwreck of this year ruined some artifacts which were interested by historians.
62. They developed a unique approach to training their employees.
63. You can make an appointment to meet the librarian.
64. Every student has both the right and the ability to succeed.
65. You need to hand in an essay next semester.
66. There have been long streams of extreme weather throughout human history.
67. Before submitting your dissertation, your advisor must approve your application.
68. Today we have a guest speaker who is visiting from Canada.
69. You may use your student identification card to borrow books at the library.
70. The poster of this play is hung in the largest lecture theater.
71. Request for late applications will not be accepted under any circumstances.
72. Students attempting to go to the conference must register now.
73. You will be tested by continuous assessments and examinations.
74. Practical experience is a vital part of legal training.
75. Students must attend the safety instruction course before attending the engineering
workshop.
76. Auditions for the university choir will be held next week.
77. Visual aid can be really helpful when you are revising.
78. The other book isn't thorough, but it's more insightful.
79. The department is organizing a trip to London in July.
80. Protective clothing must always be worn in the laboratory.
81. We no longer respond to any post reference requests.
82. The dance department stages elaborated performances each semester.
83. Consumer confidence tends to increase as the economy expands.
84. The article considers the leisure habits of teenagers in rural areas.
85. The closing date of applications for travel scholarships is next Monday.
86. A number of students have volunteer jobs.
87. New media has transcended traditional national boundaries.
88. As student union members, you can influence and change our university.
89. Some people believe that education should be free to everyone.
90. Please confirm that you have received the textbook.
91. A group meeting will be held tomorrow in the library conference room.
92. While some people regard it as reforming zeal, others regard it as recklessness.
93. We have a great deal of debate on that topic.
94. And in that regard, as well as in other regards, it stands as an important contribution.
95. Keeping organized class notes will make study time more efficient.
96. You must answer security questions when you reset your password.
97. Default designed packages are likely to be used for most computers.
98. Currently the growth of the economy is unpredictable.
99. Members should make mandatory contributions to associated operating funds.
100. The collapse of the housing market has triggered recessions.
101. He wrote poetry and plays as well as scientific papers.
102. The economic predictions turned out to be incorrect.
103. When the roots of a plant fail, foliage suffers.
104. The history course is assessed via three written assignments.
105. The momentum is defined as the combination of mass and velocity.
106. The course involves a combination of pure and applied mathematics.
107. A mixture is defined as a compound of chemically separate parts.
108. The disease that was serious has now been eradicated.
109. Our view is that educational reforms have been inadequately implemented.
110. The assessment of this course will begin next week.
111. Plants are the living things that can grow in land or in water.
112. Research shows that exercising makes us feel better.
113. Consumer confidence has a direct influence on sales.
114. Students who study overseas can significantly improve their work chances.
115. The bus for London will leave 10 minutes later than planned.
116. The student shop sells a range of stationery.
117. Some students find that true or false questions are harder than short answers.
118. Industry experts will discuss job opportunities in an automated workforce.
119. The qualification will be assessed by using a criterion-referenced approach.
120. Conferences ought to be always scheduled two weeks in advance.
121. Vocabulary that is peculiar in a special field is called jargon.
122. Strangely, people are simultaneously impressed by and are skeptical about using statistics.
123. Remember, the prestigious election of stewardship has strict eligibility criteria.
124. A demonstrated ability to write clear, correct and concise English is bigotry.
125. The aerial photographs were promptly registered for thorough evaluation.
126. Educational level is found to be related to social and economic background.
127. The marketing budget has been doubled since the beginning of the year.
128. Important data from the argument are missing in the summary.
129. I will come back to this in a moment.
130. Some economists argue that the entire financial system is fatally flawed.
131. Listening is the key skill needed to succeed in this course.
132. Tutorials are scheduled in the final week of the term.
133. We study science to understand and appreciate the world around us.
134. The faculty staff are very approachable, friendly and extremely helpful.
135. Packaging is very important to attract the attention of a buyer.
136. All of your assignments are due by tomorrow.
137.
138. Scientists are always asking the government for more money.
139. The earth's atmosphere is primarily composed of oxygen and nitrogen gases.
140. The supposed benefits of space exploration are frequently questioned.
141. Behind the group, there is a flat cart drawn by mules.
142. Time and distance are used to calculate speed.
143. The author’s early works were less philosophical and more experimental.
144. All dissertations must be accompanied by a submission form.
145. Students requiring an extension should apply sooner rather than later.
146. Climate change is now an acceptable phenomenon among a group of reputable scientists.
147. The plight of local wildlife has been ignored by developers.
148. Graduates from this course typically pursue careers in financial sector.
149. The synopsis contains the most important information.
150. The application processes may take longer than expected.
151. It is a debate about the value of knowledge.
152. Peer group pressure has a significant effect on young people.
153. The timetable for the next term will be available next week.
154. I thought a good architectural structure should be useful, durable and beautiful.
155. The most popular courses still have a few places left.
156. Our professor is hosting the business development conference.
157. He landed a job in a very prestigious law firm.
158. Some people are motivated by competition, while others prefer to collaborate.
159. There is a pharmacy on campus near the bookstore.
160. Calculators allow us to add numbers without making mistakes.
161. Accountancy students have to hand in their dissertations this week.
162. One student representative will be selected from each class.
163. The exam application system has been upgraded for professional exams.
164. Student representatives will be visiting the classes with voting forms.
165. We have sophisticated ways of studying the brain in action.
166. Many diseases that were once serious have now been eradicated.
167. University fees are expected to increase next year.
168. There are some doubts about whether these events actually occurred.
169. Tutors should set a clear goal at the start of the class.
170. The economic strength of the early Roman Republic will be examined.
171. Clinical placements in nursing prepare students for professional practice.
172. Nutrition plays a key role in athletic performance.
173. The student union hosts a variety of social events.
174. Most of the lectures begin promptly, so do not be late.
175. Technology is changing the way that media is used and studied.
176. Optional tutorials are offered in the final week of the term.
177. The deadline for this assignment is next Wednesday.
178. Manufacture can now employ more people than agriculture and fishing combined.
179. The artists tied to the conservative politicians earned the roles of critics.
180. Please note that the submission deadlines are only negotiable in exceptional
circumstances.
181. If finance is a cause of concern, scholarships may be available.
182. The university will seek a colossal renovation to the faint empty theater.
183. Affordable housing is an important issue for all members of society.
184. A new collection of articles has just been published.
185. The year when the ship of artifacts was wrecked interested historians.
186. Mechanical engineering first became prominent during the Industrial Revolution.
187. All of the assignments must be submitted in person to the faculty office.
188. They cannot put in everything: choices have to be made.
189. The study of nutrition is a growing field.
190. Many birds migrate to warmer areas for the winter.
191. I thought it was through the small meeting room.
192. Daily practice can build confidence and improve skills.
193. Students must wear protective clothing that is provided in the medical laboratory.
194. There is a welcome party for all new students each term.
195. The commissioner will apportion the funds among all the authorities.
196. You were able to contact a number of research subjects.
197. If you need additional help, visit the student resource center.
198. The assignments should be submitted to the department office before the deadlines.
199. The speaker began by giving an outline of her presentation.
200. The department will continue to offer three new scholarships next year.
201. Lectures are the oldest and the most formal teaching method at university.
202. Population has a sharp rise in the recent twenty years.
203. The museum is closed on the third Monday of every month.
204. Stories often contain messages in our life.
205. You must be able to work in a team.
206. You can use your laptops in the lecture.
207. Computers used to be larger than they are now.
208. Figures could be established through rigorous establishment.
209. Houses were built for workers near the factories.
210. Social psychology is concerned with the understanding of human behaviors.
211. Our faculty includes five libraries in the university.
212. This is the first example of a modern and professional army.
213. It is important to plan your study time carefully.
214. Gravity is the force that attracts two bodies toward one another.
215. Many different conferences offer opportunities for volunteer work.
216. The best student has an opportunity to require a scholarship.
217. You are required to attend lectures and write weekly reports.
218. A series of the observations were carried out in the classroom.
219. The reception staff provide advice on renting private accommodation.
220. There are many branches of medical studies.

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