A

Micro Project Report

On
HOUSEHOLD WATER FILTERATION UNIT.
Under Subject: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (22447)

Semester: V

Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai

Matoshri Aasarabai Polytechnic, Eklahare, Nashik

Academic Year: 2023-24

 Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai Matoshri
Aasarabai Polytechnic, Eklahare, Nashik

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that following students of FIFTH SEMESTER Diploma Engineering

Program in CO Engineering have successfully completed the Micro- Project entitled
“BANK MANAGEMENT APPLICATION” under my supervision, in the partial fulfillment
of Course ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (22447) for Academic Year 2023-2024as per
prescribed in the MSBTE “I-Scheme” curriculum.

Roll
Enrollment
No. Name of Students
12 2111700071 Samadhan Anil Dhikale
13 2111700072 Shubham Ramesh Dhikale
14 2111700073 Rohit Ramkrishna Dhondage
23 2111700091 Raj Yuraj Pardeshi

Date: Place: Nashik

Subject Teacher Head of Department Principal

( Mrs.P.V.Jadhav ) (Prof.V.A.Sonawane) (Dr. S. J. Bagul)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With deep sense of gratitude we would like to thanks all the people who have lit our path
with their kind guidance. We are very grateful to these intellectuals who did their best to
help during our project work.

It is our proud privilege to express deep sense of gratitude to, Dr. S. J. Bagul Principal of
Matoshri Aasarabai Polytechnic, Eklahare, Nashik, for his comments and kind
permission to complete this project.

We remain indebted to V.A.Sonawane ,Head of COMPUTER Department, for his suggestion and
valuable guidance.

The special gratitude goes to our internal guide P. V.jadahv, technical staff members, and
non-technical staff members, of Computer Department for their expensive, excellent and
precious guidance in completion of this work.

Name of Students:

12. Samadhan Anil Dhikale

13. Shubham Ramesh Dhikale
14. Rohit Ramkrishna Dhondage
23.Raj Yuvraj Perdeshi
 Annexure I

Rubrics for Evaluation of Micro Project

Case Study – Rubric used for Evaluation of Micro Project

Indicators for different level of performance (Evaluation Scale-

Criteria 1-6)

Poor (1-2) Average(3-4) Good (5-6)

Student spent too Student spent too Student spent an

much time and/or much time and/or adequate amount of
Adequate Time
too little time on too little time on time on Micro
Spent on Activity
entire Micro parts of micro project to ensure the
Project. project. best results.

Student put no Student put little Student put a great

effort towards effort towards deal of effort
Effort
Micro Project. Micro Project. towards Micro
Project.

Student completed Student completed Student completed

Completion of Task less than 1/2 of the about 1/2 of the all of the Micro
Micro Project by the Micro Project by the Project by the due
due date. due date. date.

Responses and Responses and Responses and

information given information given information given
are entirely are unreadable and are very neat,
Neatness,
unreadable and illegible throughout readable, and
Readability
illegible throughout most of the activity legible throughout
the activity of Micro of Micro Project. all of the activity of
Project. Micro Project.
 ANNEXURE II

Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project

AcademicYear:2023-24 Name of Faculty: Mrs.P.V.Jadhav

Course:CO5I Course Code: 22447 Semester: FIVE

Title of the Project: HOUSEHOLD WATER FILTERATION UNIT.

COs addressed by the Micro Project:

A. Use computer system and its peripherals.
B. Prepare business document using word processing tool.
C. Interpret data and represent it graphically using spreadsheet.
D. Prepare professional presentations.
E. Use different types of web browsers.

Marks out of 4 for

Roll Marks out of 6 for performance in Total
Student Name performance in group out of
No. oral/presentation
activity activity 10

12 Samadhan Dhikale
13 Shubham Dhikale
14 Rohit Dhondage
23 Raj Perdeshi

Mrs P.V.Jadhav
(Name & Sign of Faculty)
 Content

CHAPTER TITLE OF THE CHAPTER PAGE

NO NO
1. Abstract 1
2. Introduction 2
3. DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY 3
4. Filtration Process 4-5
5. Importance Of Filtration 6-7
(essential)
6. Conclusion 8
7. Reference 9
 ABSTRACT

Access to clean and safe drinking water is essential for human health and well-being. However, in
many regions, the availability of potable water is compromised due to various contaminants and
pollutants. The aim of this microproject is to design and develop a cost-effective household water
filtration unit that effectively removes impurities and pathogens from water sources, making it suitable
for consumption.

This microproject focuses on creating a compact and efficient water filtration system that can be easily
installed and maintained within households. The filtration unit employs a multi-stage approach to
ensure thorough purification. The initial stage involves a sediment filter to remove larger particles and
debris. Subsequently, a activated carbon filter is utilized to adsorb organic compounds, chlorine, and
unpleasant odors. To address microbial concerns, a UV-C sterilization component is integrated into the
system, effectively neutralizing bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens.

The design takes into consideration user-friendliness and sustainability. The filtration unit is designed
to be easily assembled, disassembled, and cleaned without requiring specialized tools or expertise. It
also incorporates materials that are durable and environmentally friendly. Furthermore, the unit
promotes water conservation by incorporating a backwash mechanism for periodic cleaning of filters,
reducing water wastage.

The microproject also emphasizes community engagement and awareness. Alongside the development
of the filtration unit, educational materials are created to inform users about water quality, filtration
processes, and maintenance procedures. Workshops and information sessions are conducted to
empower residents with the knowledge to operate and maintain the system effectively.

The success of this microproject is evaluated through rigorous testing of the water before and after
filtration. Parameters such as turbidity, pH, total dissolved solids, and microbial counts are measured
to ensure the effectiveness of the filtration unit in producing safe drinking water. User feedback and
acceptance are also gauged to refine the system based on practical experiences.

In conclusion, this microproject aims to address the pressing issue of access to clean drinking water at
the household level. By developing an affordable and efficient water filtration unit, the project
contributes to improving the health and quality of life for communities facing water contamination
challenges. Through a combination of technical innovation, user education, and sustainability, the
household water filtration unit serves as a small-scale solution with the potential for significant positive
impact.

1.
 INTRODUCTION

Access to clean and safe drinking water is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of public
health. However, millions of people around the world still lack access to reliable sources of potable
water, facing the threat of waterborne diseases and health risks due to contaminated water supplies. In
response to this critical challenge, the development of innovative and cost-effective solutions for water
purification at the household level has gained significant importance.

This microproject focuses on the design and implementation of a household water filtration unit, aimed
at providing an accessible and sustainable means of purifying water for domestic use. The unit's
purpose is to effectively remove various impurities, contaminants, and pathogens that can compromise
the quality of water sources. By harnessing a multi-stage filtration process and integrating modern
technologies, this project strives to empower communities to take control of their water quality and
safeguard the health and well-being of their members.

The household water filtration unit is not only an embodiment of technical innovation but also a
testament to the commitment to improving the living conditions of individuals and families facing
water-related challenges. Through careful design, user-friendly features, and an emphasis on education
and community engagement, the project seeks to create a holistic solution that addresses both the
technological and societal aspects of safe water provision.

As we delve into the details of this microproject, we will explore the filtration unit's design principles,
the technologies it employs, its potential benefits for households, and the strategies in place to ensure
its successful implementation and long-term viability. By combining scientific expertise with practical
considerations, this microproject endeavors to contribute to the broader mission of achieving global
access to clean water, one household at a time

2.
DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY

The household water filtration unit is designed with a focus on simplicity, efficiency, and affordability.
It consists of three main stages:
1. sediment filtration,
2. activated carbon filtration,
3. UV-C sterilization.

Sediment Filtration: The initial stage employs a high-capacity sediment filter to remove large particles,
sediment, and debris from the water. This helps prevent clogging and extends the lifespan of subsequent
filters.

Activated Carbon Filtration: The second stage involves passing the pre-filtered water through an activated
carbon filter. This filter is adept at adsorbing organic compounds, chlorine, volatile organic compounds
(VOCs), and unpleasant odors, enhancing the taste and odor of the filtered water.

UV-C Sterilization: After carbon filtration, the water passes through a UV-C sterilization chamber. This
chamber exposes the water to ultraviolet (UV) light with a specific wavelength that disrupts the DNA of
bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, rendering them inactive and safe for consumption.

3.
Here's a step-by-step breakdown of the filtration process:

1. Sediment Filtration:

The journey of water purification begins with the sediment

filtration stage. Raw water is directed into the unit and first
encounters a sediment filter. This filter is designed with fine
mesh or porous material that captures larger particles, debris,
sediment, and even sand that might be present in the water. By
removing these larger contaminants, the sediment filter
prevents clogging and ensures the subsequent filters can work
efficiently.

2. Activated Carbon Filtration:

After passing through the sediment filter, the water progresses

to the activated carbon filtration stage. Here, it enters a chamber
containing activated carbon. Activated carbon is a porous
material with a large surface area that has the ability to adsorb
various organic compounds, chemicals, chlorine, and even
some heavy metals present in the water. As the water flows
through the carbon bed, impurities stick to the carbon's surface,
leaving the water cleansed of undesirable taste, odor, and certain
pollutants.

3. UV-C Sterilization:

Following activated carbon filtration, the

water is directed to the UV-C sterilization
chamber. In this stage, the water is exposed
to ultraviolet (UV) light of a specific
wavelength. This light is UV-C, which has
germicidal properties. As water flows
through the chamber, any bacteria, viruses,
and other microorganisms present are
exposed to the UV-C light. The light
damages the genetic material of these
microorganisms, rendering them unable to reproduce or cause harm. This process effectively disinfectsthe
water, making it microbiologically safe for consumption. 4.
4. User-Friendly Features:
The household water filtration unit incorporates several user-friendly features that simplify its operation and
maintenance. These features include:

Modular Design: The unit is designed with easily replaceable filters that can be removed and replaced without
requiring specialized tools.
Indicator System: An indicator or alert mechanism notifies users when it's time to replace filters or perform
maintenance, ensuring consistent filtration performance.
Simple Installation: Clear instructions and an intuitive design make installation straightforward, allowing users
to set up the unit without hassle.

5. Sustainability and Environmental Impact:

The filtration unit is constructed using durable and environmentally friendly materials. The UV-C sterilization
process consumes less energy compared to traditional disinfection methods, reducing the unit's overall energy
footprint. This approach aligns with the project's commitment to sustainability and environmental
responsibility.

6. Community Engagement and Education:

The project doesn't end with the hardware alone; community engagement and education are integral.
Workshops, training sessions, and educational materials empower users with the knowledge of water quality,
filtration processes, and proper maintenance. By engaging with the community, the project ensures the
sustained success of the filtration unit and fosters a culture of water awareness.

7. Testing and Validation:

The efficacy of the household water filtration unit is verified through rigorous testing. Water samples are
collected before and after filtration, and various parameters such as turbidity, pH levels, total dissolved solids,
and microbial counts are measured. These tests validate the unit's capability to produce safe and clean drinking
water that meets established standards.

5.
Here are several key reasons why filtration is essential(important):

Filtration is of paramount importance because it serves as a frontline defense against waterborne contaminants,
ensuring that water is safe, clean, and suitable for various applications, including drinking, cooking, bathing,
and industrial processes.

Health Protection: Contaminated water can harbor a wide range of harmful microorganisms such as bacteria,
viruses, and parasites. Filtration helps remove these pathogens, reducing the risk of waterborne diseases and
illnesses that can have severe health implications, especially for vulnerable populations like children, the
elderly, and those with compromised immune systems.

Removal of Suspended Particles: Water sources often contain suspended particles, sediment, and debris that
can affect the water's clarity, taste, and overall quality. Filtration removes these larger particles, leading to
cleaner and more visually appealing water.

Chemical and Organic Compound Removal: Water can also contain chemical pollutants, organic
compounds, and chlorine from various sources such as industrial runoff or water treatment processes.
Filtration, particularly through activated carbon filters, can effectively adsorb these substances, improving
taste and odor and reducing potential health risks.

Improvement of Aesthetic Qualities: Filtration enhances the aesthetic qualities of water by removing
substances that cause unpleasant taste, odor, or color. This makes the water more palatable and enjoyable for
consumption and other uses.

Protection of Plumbing and Appliances: Filtration safeguards household plumbing and appliances from
potential damage caused by sediments and contaminants. Reducing the presence of these impurities extends
the lifespan of pipes, faucets, water heaters, and other equipment.

Environmental Impact: Proper filtration minimizes the release of contaminants back into the environment.
When unfiltered water is disposed of or returned to natural water bodies, it can have adverse effects on aquatic
ecosystems and wildlife.

Industrial and Commercial Applications: Filtration is crucial in various industries, such as food and
beverage production, pharmaceuticals, and manufacturing, where water quality is critical for product safety
and process integrity.

Emergency Preparedness: Filtration systems are vital during natural disasters, emergencies, or in remote
locations where access to clean water may be compromised. They provide a quick and effective means of
making water potable.

Water Scarcity and Conservation: As water scarcity becomes a global concern, effective filtration allows
for the reuse and recycling of water. Filtration technologies can help treat wastewater for safe discharge or for
use in non-potable applications.
6.
Public Confidence: Filtration is an essential component of municipal water treatment processes, ensuring that
tap water meets regulatory standards and providing the public with confidence in the safety and quality of the
water supply.

7.
 Conclusion:

In essence, the household water filtration unit employs a multi-stage approach to purify water. It begins by
removing larger particles through sediment filtration, followed by the removal of organic compounds and
pollutants through activated carbon filtration. The final stage employs UV-C light to disinfect and render
microorganisms harmless. The unit's user-friendly features, commitment to sustainability, community
engagement, and rigorous testing combine to create a holistic solution that transforms contaminated water into
a vital source of health and well-being.

8.
Reference

[1] www.studytonight.com
[2] www.tutorialspoint.com
[3] www.ntu.edu.sg/home

9.