PHILIPPINE LAW SCHOOL

CIVIL PROCEDURE I
Syllabus 2023-2024

I. Preliminaries/ General Principles

A. Remedial Law distinguished from substantive law

1. Prospective Effect of the Rules of Court/ Retroactive Application of Rules of Court;

Applicability to pending actions

· In the Matter to Declare in Contempt of Court Hon. Simeon Datumanong, G.R.

No. 150274, 4 August 2006
· Colmenar v. Colmenar, G.R. No. 252467, 21 June 2021

2. Rule-making power of the Supreme Court

· Constitution, Art. VI, Sec. 30

· Constitution, Art. VIII, Sec. 5(5) 3. Power of the Supreme Court to suspend the
Rules of Court
· Labao v. Flores, G.R. No. 187984, 15 November 2010
B. Nature and Classification of Philippine Courts
1. Classification of jurisdiction
a. Original vs. Appellate
b. General vs. Special
c. Exclusive vs. Concurrent
2. Constitutional and statutory courts
3. Courts of law and equity
4. Distinguish court and judge
5. Doctrines of hierarchy of courts
· Gios-Samar, Inc. v. DOTC, G.R. No. 217158, 12 March 2019
6. Doctrine of Primary Jurisdiction; Exceptions
· Commission on Audit v. Ferrer, G.R. No. 218870, November 24, 2020
7. Doctrine of Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies
· The Roman Catholic Bishop of Malolos, Inc. v. Heirs of Marcos, G.R. No.
225971, June 17, 2020
 8. Doctrine of non-interference or doctrine of judicial stability
· Tan v. Cinco, G.R. No. 213054, 15 June 2016
· Erice v. Sison, A.M. No. RTJ-15-2407, November 22, 201
9. Doctrine of adherence of jurisdiction, continuity of jurisdiction
· Vda. de Ballesteros v. Rural Bank of Canaman, Inc., G.R. No. 176260,
November 24, 2010
C. Jurisdiction
1. Statute in force at the time of the commencement of the action
i. Cang v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 105308, 25 September 1998
2. Jurisdiction of various Philippine courts, BP 129, as amended by RA 11576
a. Supreme Court
b. Court of Appeals
c. Court of Tax Appeals
d. Regional Trial Courts
1. SRC – RA 8799
2. Sec. 2, PD 1529
· Heirs of Dolleton v. Fil-Estate Management, Inc., G.R. No. 170750, April 7, 2009
e. Family Courts – RA 8639
· Thornton v. Thornton, G.R. No. 154598, 16 August 2004
f. MTC, MeTC, MCTC, MTCC
3. Docket and Filing Fees
· Manchester Development Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R.
No. 75919, 7 May 1987
· Sun Insurance Office, Ltd. V. Asuncion, G.R Nos. 79937-38, February 13, 1989
· Intercontinental Broadcasting Corp. (IBC-13) v. Alonzo Legasto,
G.R. No. 169108, April 18, 2006
· Foronda-Crystal v. Son, G.R. No. 221815, November 29, 2017
4. Aspects of jurisdiction
i. Jurisdiction over the Subject Matter
1. Conferred by law; determined by the allegations in the complaint
 · Radio Communications of the Philippines, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
136109, August 1, 2002
· Sps. Erorita v. Sps. Dumlao G.R. No. 195477, 25 January 2016
· Heirs of Alfredo Bautista v. Lindo, G.R. No. 208232, 10 March 2014
· Heirs of Julao v. De Jesus, G.R. No. 176020, 29 September 2014
– Note the jurisdictional amounts as amended by RA 11576
ii. Jurisdiction over the Parties
· Palmiano-Salvador v. Angeles, G.R. No. 171219, 3 September 2012
iii. Jurisdiction over the Issues
· Denila v. Republic, G.R. No. 206077, July 15, 2020
iv. Jurisdiction over the Res
· De Joya v. Marquez, G.R. No. 162416, 31 January 2006
v. Jurisdiction over the Remedy
· Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company v. Citi Appliance M.C.
Corporation, G.R. No. 214546, October 9, 2019
vi. Estoppel Jurisdiction
· Tijam v. Sibonghanoy, G.R. No. L-21450, 15 April 1968
· Spouses Erorita v. Spouses Dumlao, G.R. No. 195477, January 25, 2016
D. Katarungang Pambarangay (Sec. 399-422, Local Government Code)
1. Civil Code, Art. 2041
· Lansangan v.Caisip, G.R. No. 212987, 6 August 2018
· Abagatnan v. Spouses Clarito, G.R. No. 211966, 07 August 2017
· Chavez v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 159411, 18 March 2005
E. Rules on Expedited Procedures in First Level Courts, OCA Circular No. 69-2022
1. Small Claims
2. Summary Procedure, Civil Cases
I. Rule 1 General Provisions; Actions
a. Ordinary Civil Actions, Special Civil Actions, Criminal Actions, Special
Proceedings
b. Personal actions and Real Actions
 c. Actions in rem, in personam, and quasi in rem
· Macasaet v. Co, Jr., G.R. No. 156759, June 5, 2013
II. Rule 2 - Cause of Action
A. Cause of action defined
· Heirs of Tomas Dolleton v. Fil-Estate Management, Inc., G.R. No. 170750, 7
April 2009
· Right of Action – Multi-Realty Development Corp., G.R. No. 146726, 16
June 2006
· Consular Area Residents Association, Inc. v. Casanova, G.R. No.
202618, April 12, 2016
· Danfoss Inc. v. Continental Cement Corp., G.R. No. 143788, September
9, 2005
B. Failure to state cause of action distinguished from lack of cause of action
· Colmenar v. Colmenar, et al., G.R. No. 252467, 21 June 2021
· Sanico v. Colipano, G.R. No. 209969, September 27, 2017
b. Test of sufficiency of cause of action
· Misamis Occidental II Cooperative, Inc. v. David, G.R. No. 129928, 25 August
2005
c. Splitting of a single cause of action and its effects
· Marilag v. Martinez G.R. No. 201892, 22 July 2015
· Yap v. First E-Bank Corporation, G.R. No. 169889, 29 September 2009
· Umale v. Canoga Park Development Corp., G.R. No. 167246, 20
July 2011
d. Joinder and misjoinder of causes of action
· Perez v. Hernano, G.R. No. 147417, 8 July 2005
· Pantranco North Express Inc. v. Standard Insurance Co. Inc. , G.R. No. 140746,
March 16, 2005
· Danilo v. Pedro, G.R. No. 155736, 31 March 2005
· Santos Ventura Hocorma Foundation, Inc. v. Mabalacat Institute, Inc.,
G.R. No. 211563, September 29, 2021
· Rule 3, Sec. 6 Permissive Joinder of Parties
· Totality Rule (BP 129, Sec. 33, as amended)
 III. Rule 3 Parties to Civil Actions A. Who may be parties
· Gaffney v. Butler, G.R. No. 219408, November 8, 2017
B. Parties in Interest
· Evangelista v. Santiago, G.R. No. 157447, 29 April 2005
C. Representatives as parties
· V-Gent, Inc. v. Morning Star Travel & Tours, Inc., G.R. No. 186305, 22 July
2015
· Oposa v. Factoran, G.R. No. 101083, 30 July 1993
· Resident Marine Mammals of Tanon Strait v. Reyes G.R. No. 180771, 21 April
2015
D. Indispensable Parties
· In the Matter of the Heirship of the Late Hermogenes Rodriguez, G.R. No.
182645, 15 December 2010 (Resolution)
· Cerezo v. Tuazon, G.R. No. 141538, 23 March 2004
· Foster-Gallego v. Spouses Galang, G.R. No. 130228, July 27, 2004
E. Necessary Parties
· Caravan Travel and Tours International, Inc. v. Abejar, G.R. No.
170631, February 10, 2016
F. Indigent Party
· Spouses Algura v. City of Naga G.R. No. 150135, 30 October 2006
G. Nominal, Pro Forma Party
· Republic v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 232724-27, February 15, 2021
H. Misjoinder and non-joinder of parties
· Divinagracia v. Parilla G.R. No. 196750, 11 March 2015
I. Effect of death of party litigant 1. Rule 3, Sec. 20
· Spouses De la Cruz v. Joaquin, G.R. No. 162788, July 28, 2005
· San Juan v. Cruz G.R. No.167321, 31 July 2006
· Gaffney v. Butler G.R. No. 219408, 8 November 2017
· Uy v. Del Castillo, G.R. No. 223610, July 24, 2017
IV. Rule 4 - Venue
 A. Venue vs. Jurisdiction
· Nocum v. Lucio Tan G.R. No. 145022, 23 September 2005
B. Venue in civil cases vs. Criminal cases
· Nocum v. Lucio Tan G.R. No. 145022, 23 September 2005
C. Venue of real actions, personal actions, actions against non-residents D.
When the rules on venue do not apply
· Radiowealth Finance Co., Inc. v. Pineda, Jr., G.R. No. 227147, July 30, 2018
· Waiver on Improper Venue
· Stipulation on Venue
E. Remedy against improper venue Rule 8, Sec. 12
I. Rule 6 Kinds of Pleadings
A. Pleadings Defined and Allowed
1. Distinguish Pleading, Rule 6, Sec. 1 from Motion, Rule 15, Sec. 1
B. Complaint
1. Actionable Document, Rule 8, Sec. 7; How to contest, Rule 8, Sec. 8
· Memita v. Masongsong, G.R. No. 150912, 28 May 2007
C. Answer
1. Actionable Document, Rule 8, Sec. 7
· Ridao v. Handmade Credit and Loans, Inc., G.R. No. 236920, February 3, 2021
2. Defenses
a. Negative Defenses
i. Specific Denial Rule 8, Sec. 10
· Go Tong Electrical Supply Co., Inc. v. BPI Family Savings Bank, Inc., G.R.
No. 187487, June 29, 2015
ii. Specific Denial Actionable Documents, Rule 8, Sec. 8; Reply, Rule 6, Sec.
10; Rejoinder, Rule 6, Sec. 10
· Trans Industrial Utilities, Inc. v. Metropolitan Bank & Trust Co., G.R. No.
227095, January 18, 2021
· Ridao v. Handmade Credit and Loans, Inc., G.R. No. 236920, February 3,
2021
 · Casent Realty Development Corp. v. Philbanking Corporation, G.R. No.
150731, 14 September 2007
iii. Allegations not specifically denied deemed admitted, Rule 8, Sec. 11
iv. Negative Pregnant
· Serrano Mahilum v. Spouses Ilano, G.R. No. 197923, June 22, 2015
b. Affirmative Defenses i. When there may be summary hearing: Rule 6, Sec.
5(b) par. 1; Rule 8, Sec. 12(c) and (d); Rule 15, Sec. 12(b)
ii. No summary hearing: Rule 6, Sec. 5(b), Par. 2; Rule 8, Sec. 12 (a); Rule 15,
Sec. 12(b)
iii. Action of Court – Rule 8, Sec. 12(c) and (d)
iv. Remedies – Rule 8, Sec. 12(e); Rule 15, Sec. 12(c)
· Colmenar v. Colmenar, et al., G.R. No. 252467, 21 June 2021
c. Rule 9, Sec. 1 Defenses and objections not pleaded deemed waived;
exceptions
D. Compulsory and Permissive Counterclaim
1. Rule 6, Sec. 12 Bringing New Parties
2. Existing counterclaim or cross-claim, Rule 11, Sec. 8
a. Rule 9, Sec. 2 Compulsory counterclaims or cross-claims not set up, barred
3. Counterclaim or cross-claim arising after answer, Rule 11, Sec. 9 4. Omitted
counterclaim or cross-claim, Rule 11, Sec. 10
· Metropolitan Bank v. CPR Promotions, G.R. No. 200567, 22 June 2015
· Tiongson v. National Housing Authority, G.R. No. 166964, October 11, 2005
· Alday v. FGU Insurance Corp., G.R. No. 138822, January 23, 2001
· Carpio v. Rural Bank of Sto. Tomas (Batangas), Inc., G.R. No. 153171, 4 May
2006
· Sy-Vargas v. Estate of Ogsos, G.R. No. 221062, October 5, 2016
E. Cross-Claim
1. Rule 6, Sec. 12 Bringing New Parties
2. Existing counterclaim or cross-claim, Rule 11, Sec. 8
a. Rule 9, Sec. 2 Compulsory counterclaims or cross-claims not set up, barred
3. Counterclaim or cross-claim arising after answer, Rule 11, Sec. 9 4. Omitted
 counterclaim or cross-claim, Rule 11, Sec. 10
F. Counter-Counterclaim and Counter-Cross Claim
G. Reply, Rejoinder
· Casent Realty Development Corp. v. Philbanking Corporation, G.R. No.
150731, 14 September 2007
H. Third-Party Complaint
I. Answer to Third-Party Complaint
II. Rule 7 Parts and Contents of a Pleading A. Caption, Body, Signature and Address
B. Verification
· Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas v. BF Homes, Inc., G.R. No. 228239, June 10, 2019
• Jorgenetics Swine Improvement Corp. v. Thick & Thin Agri-Products, Inc.,
G.R. Nos. 201044 & 222691, May 5, 2021
· Victory Liner, Inc. v. Malinias, G.R. No. 151170, May 29, 2007
C. Certification Against Forum Shopping
· Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas v. BF Homes, Inc., G.R. No. 228239, June 10, 2019
· Tanyag v. Tanyag, G.R. No. 231319, November 10, 2021
· Victory Liner, Inc. v. Malinias, G.R. No. 151170, May 29, 2007
· Heirs of Gabriel v. Cebrero, G.R. No. 222737, November 12, 2018
· Cosco Philippines Shipping, Inc. v. Kemper Insurance Co., G.R. No. 179488,
April 23, 2012
D. Names of Witnesses, Summary of Testimonies, Judicial Affidavits, Documentary
and object evidence
1. Judicial Affidavit Rule, A.M. No. 12-8-8-SC
· Lara’s Gifts and Decors, Inc. v. PNB General Insurers, Co., G.R. No. 230429,
24 January 2018
E. A.M. No. 11-9-4-SC, Efficient Use of Paper Rule
III. Rule 8 Manner of Making Allegations in Pleadings
A. Distinguish Ultimate from Evidentiary Facts
· Lazaro v. Brewmaster Intl, Inc., G.R. No. 182779, 23 August 2010
B. Alternative causes of action or defenses
C. Conditions precedent
 1. Katarungang Pambarangay 2. Art. 151, Family Code
D. Capacity
E. Fraud, Mistake, Condition of the Mind
· Reyes v. RTC of Mataki, G.R. No. 165744, 11 August 2008
F. Judgment
G. Official Document or Act
H. Striking Out of Pleading or matter contained therein
IV. Rule 9 Effect of Failure to Plead
A. Defenses and objections not pleaded deemed waived; exceptions
B. Compulsory counterclaims or cross-claims not set up, barred
C. Declaration of Default
1. Rule 11, Sec. 11 Extension of Time to File Answer
· Momarco Import Co., Inc. v. Villamena, G.R. No. 192477, July 27, 2016
· Crisologo-Jose v. Land Bank of the Phils., G.R. No. 167399, June 22, 2006
· Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Third Division of the Court of Tax
Appeals, G.R. No. 238093, January 26, 2021
· Rodriguez v. Government of the United States of America, G.R. No. 251830,
June 28, 2021
· Gajudo v. Traders Royal Bank, G.R. No. 151098, 21 March 2006
E. Where no defaults allowed

V. Rule 10 Amended and Supplemental Pleadings

A. Amendments in General
1. Formal Amendment
2. Filing of Amended Pleadings
3. Effect of Amended Pleadings
· Alpha Plus International Enterprises Corp. v. Philippine Charter
Insurance Corp., G.R. No. 203756, February 10, 2021
B. Amendment as a matter of right
· Marcos-Araneta v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 154096, August 22, 2008
 · Biglang-awa v. Philippine Trust Company, G.R. No. 158998, March 28, 2008
· National Mines and Allied Workers Union v. Calderon-Bargas, G.R. No. 157232,
December 10, 2007
· Limbauan v. Acosta, G.R. No. 148606, June 30, 2008
· Sante v. Claravall, G.R. No. 173915, February 22, 2010
C. Amendment by leave of court D. No amendment necessary to conform to or
authorize presentation of evidence
E. Supplemental Pleadings
· Spouses Lambino v. Presiding Judge, RTC, Br. 172, Valenzuela City, G.R. No.
169551, January 24, 2007
· Ada v. Baylon, G.R. No. 182435, 13 August 2012

VI. Rule 11 When to File Responsive Pleadings

VII. Rule 12 Bill of Particulars

· Roa v. Spouses Sy, G.R. No. 221586, September 14, 2021
I. Rule 13 Filing and Service of Pleadings, Judgments and Other Papers
A. Definition of Filing, Papers Required to be Filed
1. Conventional Filing
2. Manner of Filing, When Date of Filing
3. Proof of Filing
B. Definition of Service, Papers Required to be Served
1. Conventional Service
2. Different modes of service
a. Distinguish Substituted Service under Rule 13 from Substituted service of
summons under Rule 14
b. Completeness of Service c. Service on counsel
· Abutin v. San Juan, G.R. No. 247345, July 6, 2020
3. Presumptive Service 4. Proof of Service
C. A.M. No. No. 251-2020, Guidelines on the Implementation in the Philippines of
the Hague Service Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial Documents in Civil
and Commercial Matters
D. A.M. No. 11-9-4-SC, Efficient Use of Paper Rule
E. Notice of Lis Pendens
· Spouses Gonzales v. Marmaine Realty Corp., G.R. No. 214241, January 13, 2016
· Equitable PCI Bank, Inc. v. South Rich Acres, Inc., G.R. Nos. 202384 & 202397,
May 4, 2021
II. Rule 14 Summons
A. Nature and purpose of summons
· Sabado v. Sabado, G.R. No. 214270, May 12, 2021
B. Dismissal Prior to issuance of summons
1. Rule 9, Sec. 1 in relation to Rule 14, Sec. 1
C. Contents
D. Who may Serve
1. When counsel for defendant may serve summons
E. Alias Summons
F. Service on Address indicated in the Complaint, Sec. 4, Rule 14
· Sarol v. Spouses Diao, G.R. No. 244129, December 9, 2020
G. Personal Service
· Yap v. Lagtapon, G.R. No. 196347, January 23, 2017
H. Substituted Service
· Sarol v. Spouses Diao, G.R. No. 244129, December 9, 2020
· BDO Unibank, Inc. v. Spouses Chang, G.R. No. 250769, May 3, 2021
· EUCDI United Construction and Development, Inc. v. De Guzman, G.R. No.
196836, September 16, 2020
I. Service Upon Private Domestic Juridical Entity
1. Wherever they may be found
· CCC Insurance Corp. v. Kawasaki Steel Corp., G.R. No. 156162, June 22, 2015
2. Exclusive list
· Integrated Micro Electronics, Inc. v. Standard Insurance Co., Inc., G.R. No.
210302, August 27, 2020
J. Service on Public Corporations
 · Heirs of Manguiat v. Court of Appeals, G.R. Nos. 150768 & 160176, August 20,
2008
K. Service when identity or whereabouts of defendant is unknown
· Roxas v. Asiatrust Development Bank, Inc., G.R. No. 203506, January 6, 2020 –
Note, the present Sec. 16 was formerly Sec. 14 as discussed in this case
· Procianos-Cohen v. Heirs of Magdayao, G.R. No. 241558,
September 29, 2021 - Note, the present Sec. 16 was formerly Sec. 14 as discussed in
this case
L. Extraterritorial Service of Summons
· Perkin Elmer Singapore Pte Ltd. v. Dakila Trading Corp. G.R. No. 172242,
August 14, 2007
· Sarol v. Spouses Diao, G.R. No. 244129, December 9, 2020; Note, the present
Sec. 17 was formerly Sec 15 as discussed in this case
M. Service on Residents Temporarily Out of the Philippines
· Sabado v. Sabado, G.R. No. 214270, May 12, 2021
· Barber v. Chua, G.R. No. 205630, January 12, 2021
N. Return and Proof of Service
· BDO Unibank, Inc. v. Spouses Chang, G.R. No. 250769, May 3, 2021
O. Voluntary Appearance
· Belo v. Marcantonio, G.R. No. 243366, September 8, 2020
· Roxas v. Asiatrust Development Bank, Inc., G.R. No. 203506, January 6, 2020
· Uy v. Del Castillo, G.R. No. 223610, July 24, 2017
I. Rule 15 Motions
A. Distinguish Dismissal with prejudice from dismissal without prejudice
1. Rule 41, Sec. 1
· Heirs of Sadhwani v. Sadhwani, G.R. No. 217365, August 14, 2019
II. Rule 17 Dismissal of Actions
A. Dismissal upon Notice by Plaintiff B. Dismissal upon Motion of Plaintiff
· Blay v. Baña, G.R. No. 232189, March 7, 2018
C. Dismissal due to fault of plaintiff
· Heirs of Sanchez v. Abrantes, G.R. No. 234999, August 4, 2021,|||
 · Philippine National Bank v. Daradar, G.R. No. 180203, June 28, 2021
I. Rule 18 Pre-Trial
A. Concept, Nature, Purpose; Compare with Pre-Trial in Criminal Cases
· Dela Cruz v. Victa Realty & Development Corp., G.R. No. 218627, June 14, 2021
B. Notice and Appearance; Effect of Failure to Appear
· Dela Cruz v. Victa Realty & Development Corp., G.R. No. 218627, June 14, 2021
· Domingo v. Spouses Singson, G.R. Nos. 203287 & 207936, April 5, 2017
C. Pre-Trial Brief; Effect of Failure to File
· Dela Cruz v. Victa Realty & Development Corp., G.R. No. 218627, June 14, 2021
D. Court Annexed Mediation, Judicial Dispute Resolution
1. Mediation on Civil Liability -Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal
Cases (A.M. No. 15-06-10-SC)
2. 2020 Guidelines for the Conduct of JDR and CAM in Civil Cases A.M. No. 19-10-20-
SC
E. Judgment after Pre-Trial
II. Rule 19 Intervention
• Pulgar v. RTC of Mauban, Quezon, Branch 64, G.R. No. 157583, September
10, 2014
• Office of the Ombudsman v. Cerna, G.R. No. 195134, March 24, 2021
III. Rule 20 Calendar of Cases

IV. Rule 21 Subpoena

V. Rule 22 Computation of Time

· Rabe-Valeros v. Heirs of Marinas, G.R. No. 196148, October 2, 2019

Modes of Discovery
I. Rule 23 Depositions Pending Actions
· Santamaria v. Cleary, G.R. Nos. 197122 &197161, June 15, 2016
• People v. Sergio, G.R. No. 240053, 9 October 2019
II. Rule 24 Depositions Before Action or Pending Appeal
III. Rule 25 Interrogatories to Parties
· Ng Meng Tam v. China Banking Corp., G.R. No. 214054 , August 5, 2015
· Spouses Afulugencia v. Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co., G.R. No. 185145,
February 5, 2014
IV. Rule 26 Admission by Adverse Party
· Duque v. Spouses Yu, G.R. No. 226130, February 19, 2018
· Lañada v. Court of Appeals, G.R. Nos. 102390 & 102404, February 1, 2002
V. Rule 27 Production or Inspection of Documents or Things
· Air Philippines Corp. v. Pennswell, Inc., G.R. No. 172835, December 13, 2007
VI. Rule 28 Physical and Mental Examination of Persons
VII. Refusal to Comply with Modes of Discovery
• Castillo v. Torres-Aquino, G.R. No. 190034, November 20, 2017
I. Trial – Rule 30
A. Schedule of Trial
B. Order of Trial; Reverse Trial
1. Judicial Affidavit Rule, A.M. No. 12-8-8-SC, Sec. 9
2. Form of Testimony, Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases
(A.M. No. 15-06-10-SC)
3. Rules on Expedited Procedures in First Level Courts, OCA Circular No. 69-2022,
Use of Judicial Affidavits and Sworn Statements in Criminal Cases under
Summary Procedure
C. Adjournments and postponements 1. Rule 15, Sec, 12(f)
2. Rule 18, Sec. 7
D. Agreed statement of facts 1. Rue 129, Sec. 4
E. Oral Offer of Documentary Exhibits 1. Rule 132, Sec, 34-40
F. Suspension of Actions
1. Art. 2030 and 2035, Civil Code G. Rule 31 Consolidation or severance of hearing
or trial
· Deutsche Bank AG v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 193065, February 27, 2012
H. Delegation of reception of evidence 1. Rule 9, Sec. 3
I. Rule 32 Trial by commissioners
 J. A.M. No. 20-12-01-SC Guidelines on the Conduct of Videoconferencing

II. When no trial will be conducted A. Rule 33 Demurrer to Evidence, Distinguished

from Dismissal due to failure to state a cause of action
· Colmenar v. Colmenar, G.R. No. 252467, 21 June 2021
1. Motion
a. Rule 15, Sec. 5(a)(12), Sec. 5(b)-(c), Sec 6-7
2. Grounds
· Republic v. De Borja, G.R. No. 187448, January 9, 2017
· GMA Network, Inc. v. Central CATV, Inc., G.R. No. 176694, July 18, 2014
3. Effects of Grant and Denial
· Republic v. De Borja, G.R. No. 187448, January 9, 2017
· Duque v. Spouses Yu, G.R. No. 226130, February 19, 2018
4. Remedies against grant and denial ·
• Republic v. De Borja, G.R. No.187448, January 9, 2017
• Rule 41, Sec. 1
5. Compare with Demurrer in Criminal Cases, Rule 119, Sec. 23
B. Rule 34 Judgment on the pleadings
1. Court Motu proprio, Rule 18, Sec. 7(i) and Sec. 10
2. Motion
a. Rule 15, Sec. 5(a)(12), Sec. 5(b)-(c), Sec 6-7
3. Grounds
a. Rule 8, Sec. 8, 10 and 11
· Comglasco Corp. v. Santos Car Check Center Corp., G.R. No. 202989, March 25,
2015
· Fernando Medical Enterprises, Inc. v. Wesleyan University Phils., Inc., G.R. No.
207970, 20 January 2016
· Iloilo Jar Corp. v. Comglasco Corp., G.R. No. 219509, January 18, 2017
· Sunbanun v. Go, G.R. No. 163280, 2 February 2010
4. Remedies against grant and denial a. Rule 41, Sec. 1
 b. Rule 18, Sec. 10 5. When prohibited
a. A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC, Sec. 17
b. A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC, Sec. 14(b) 6. Distinguish from Judgment by Default,
Summary Judgment
· Garcia v. Llamas, G.R. No. 154127, December 8, 2003
C. Rule 35 Summary Judgment
1. Court Motu proprio, Rule 18, Sec. 7(i) and Sec. 10
· Spouses Pascual v. First Consolidated Rural Bank (Bohol), Inc., G.R. No. 202597,
February 8, 2017
2. Motion
a. Rule 15, Sec. 5(a)(12), Sec. 5(b)-(c), Sec 6-7
3. Grounds
· Asian Construction v. PCIB, G.R. No. 153827, 25 April 2006
· Pepsi-Cola Products Philippines, Inc. v. Isabela Leaf Tobacco Co., Inc., G.R.
No. 237840 , June 10, 2019
· Aljem's Credit Investors Corp. v. Spouses Bautista, G.R. No. 215175, April 25,
2022
4. Partial Summary Judgment
· Philippine Business Bank v. Chua, G.R. No. 178899, November 15, 2010
5. Remedies against grant and denial a. Rule 41, Sec. 1
b. Rule 18, Sec. 10
· Aljem's Credit Investors Corp. v. Spouses Bautista, G.R. No. 215175, April 25,
2022
D. Rule 9, Sec. 3 Judgment by Default
• Bacabac v. Spouses Tiu, G.R. No. 228126, June 30, 2021
· National Power Corp. v. Baysic, G.R. No. 213893, September 25, 2019

E. Judgment on Compromise
· Spouses Garcia v. Spouses Soriano, G.R. No. 219431, August 24, 2020
· National Electrification Administration v. Maguindanao Electric Cooperative,
Inc., G.R. Nos. 192595-96 & 192676-77, April 11, 2018
· |||St. Francis Plaza Corp. v. Solco, G.R. Nos. 248519, 248520 & 248757-59, March
17, 2021
I. Rule 36 Judgment and Final Order
A. Distinguished from Interlocutory Order
1. Rule 41, Sec. 1
· Garrido v. Tortogo, G.R. No. 156358, 17 August 2011
B. Supplemental and Amended Judgment
· Planters Development Bank v. Sps. Lopez, G.R. No. 186332, October 23, 2013
C. Judgment Nunc pro tunc
· Baterina v. Musngi, G.R. Nos. 239203-09, July 28, 2021
D. Entry of Judgment and Final Order 1. Immutability of Final Judgments;
Exceptions
· Philippine Veterans Bank v. Bank of Commerce, G.R. Nos. 217938 & 217945,
September 15, 2021
2. Bar by Prior Judgment
· Padillo v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 119707, November 29, 2001
· People v. Escobar G.R. No. 214300, 26 July 2017
3. Conclusiveness of Judgment
· Padua v. Heirs of De Guzman., G.R. No. 221521, February 3, 2021
4. Law of the Case
· Philippine Ports Authority v. Nasipit Integrated Arrastre and Stevedoring
Services, Inc., G.R. No. 214864, March 22, 2017
I. Post-judgment Remedies
A. Rule 37 - Motion for New Trial or Reconsideration
a. Berry Rule
b. Sec. 3, Rule 41
· Dinglasan, Jr. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 145420, September 19, 2006
· Marikina Valley Development Corp. v. Flojo, G.R. No. 110801, December 8, 1995
· Carreon v. Aguillon, G.R. No. 240108 , June 29, 2020
· Valdez v. Sundiang, G.R. No. 248786, October 14, 2020
B. Rule 38 - Relief from
judgments, orders and other
proceedings
· Madarang v. Spouses Morales, G.R. No. 199283, June 9, 2014
· Purcon v. MRM Philippines, G.R. No. 182718, 26 September 2008
· Valencia v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 119118, February 19, 2001
· Gomez v. Montalban, G.R. No. 174414, 14 March 2008
· Santos v. Santos, G.R. No. 214593, July 17, 2019
I. Rule 39 - Execution, Satisfaction and Effect of Remedies
a. Execution as a Matter of Right
i. Difference between final order/ judgment for purposes of appeal and for
purposes of execution
ii. Execution in Small Claims, Rules on Expedited Procedures in First Level Courts,
OCA Circular No. 69-2022
b. Execution Pending Appeal
• Heirs of Casiño, Sr. v. Development Bank of the Philippines, Malaybalay
Branch, Bukidnon, G.R. Nos. 204052-53, March 11, 2020
· Centennial Guarantee Assurance Corp. v. Universal Motors Corp., G.R. No.
189358, October 8, 2014
i. Discretionary Execution and stay of Discretionary Execution
ii. Execution not stayed by Appeal, exceptions
1. Forcible Entry and Unlawful Detainer, Execution and Stay of Execution, Sec.
19, Rule 70
• Office of the Court Administrator v. Corpuz, A.M. No. P-00-1418, September 24,
2003
c. Period and Manner of Execution – By Motion or Independent Action
· Villareal, Jr. v. Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System, G.R. No.
232202, February 28, 2018
• Perez v. Manotok Realty, Inc., G.R. No. 216157, October 14, 2019
• Villeza v. German Management and Services, Inc., G.R. No. 182937, August 9,
2010
• ·Infante v. Aran Builders, G.R. No. 156596, 24 August 2007
i. Voluntary Execution without Writ of Execution - Procedure
d. Execution in case of death of party i. Rule 86, Sec 7
ii. Rule 87, Sec. 1
e. Issuance, Form Contents, Return of Writ of Execution
f. Execution of Judgment for Money ·
• Vergara, et al., v. Gedorio, et al., G.R. No. 154037, 30 April 2003
• Rule 61, Sec. 5
i. Properties exempt from Execution
ii. Examination of judgment obligor and obligor of judgment obligor when
judgment is unsatisfied
iii. Levy, Garnishment – Manner of Levy and Garnishment
· Miranda v. Spouses Mallari, G.R. No. 218343, November 28, 2018
iv. Order for Application of Property and Income to Satisfaction of Judgment
v. Notice of Public Sale, Procedure
vi. Terceria
· Bigtas v. Sterling Bank of Asia, G.R. No. 230804, March 24, 2021
· Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management Corp. v. Maunlad Homes,
Inc, G.R. No. 215933, February 8, 2017
vii. Rules on Redemption
· AQA Global Construction, Inc. v. Planters Development Bank, G.R. Nos.
211649 & 211742 , August 12, 2015
g. Execution of Judgment for a Specific Act
· Barrete v. Amila, A.M. No. MTJ-92-733, 23 February 1994
h. Execution of Special Judgment
· Sia v. Arcenas, G.R. Nos. 209672-74, 14 January 2015

i. Effects of Judgments or Final Orders

· Metropolitan Manila Development Authority v. Concerned Residents of

Manila Bay, G.R. Nos. 171947-48, 15 February 2011
j. Effects of Foreign Judgments or Final Orders
· Rules on Action for Support and Petition for Recognition and Enforcement of
Foreign Decisions or Judgments on Support, A.M. No. 21-02-02-SC