11 HUMSS A

LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
UNIT
GROUP 4
1 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

MEMBERS

Justine Lee Carupo

Laurence Donal

Cliff lawrence Heredia

Justin Ray Heredia

Kurt Heredia

Carl Mendez

Rizel May Alinabon

Missy Janelle Batoctoy

Enriqueta Amacanin

Trina Carreon

Ivy Rose Maranon

2 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

 Local government unit is defined as institutional units with fiscal, legislative and executive
authority extends over the smallest geographical areas distinguished for administrative and
political purposes.
 It is the lowest level of territorial organization within a state.
 Though it is the smallest and basic unit of governance, it constitutes the foundation of the
entire structure of the government.
 The acts of the local government units affect the ordinary citizen more directly than those of
the national government.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT ROLE IN DEVELOPMENT

 Devolves to LGUs the responsibility for delivery of basic services that have always belonged
to the national government.
 Grants LGs significant regulatory powers that traditionally always belonged to the national
government agencies.
 Significantly increases the financial resources available to
 LGUs thru increased IRA.
 Recognizes & encourages the active participation of the private sector, NGOs, & POs in the
process of governance.

NOTE:

REGULATORY POWERS CORPORATE POWERS

Power to generate & apply resources To have continuous succession in its

Power of eminent domain corporate name
Power to reclassify agricultural lands To sue & be sued
(not under CARP): 15% for HUC & To have and use a corporate seal
Independent Component Cities; 10% To acquire and convey real or personal
for property
Component Cities & 14 to 3° Class To enter into contracts
Municipalities; 5% for 44 to 6* Class To exercise other powers granted to
Municipalities corporations subject to limitations in
Power to close & open roads Code & other laws
Inspection of food products
Adoption of quarantine regulations
Enforcement of National Building Code
Regulation and operation of tricycles
Regulation of real estate trade and
business
Licensing of cockpits & regulation of
cockfighting
3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

DEVOLVED BASIC SERVICES

On Health and Social Services:

1) Include the implementation of programs and projects on primary health care, maternal
and child care, and communicable and noncommunicable disease control services
2) Health services which access to secondary and tertiary health services
3) Purchase of medicines, medical supplies, and equipment needed to carry out the
services
4) Social welfare services which include programs and projects on child and youth welfare,
family and community welfare, women's welfare, welfare of the elderly and disabled
persons

On Environmental Management:

1) Solid waste disposal system

2) Services or facilities related to general hygiene and sanitation
3) Implementation of community-based forestry projects which include integrated social
forestry programs and similar projects
4) Management and control of communal forests

On Agriculture:

1) Inter -Barangay irrigation system

2) Water and soil resource utilization and conservation projects
3) Enforcement of fishery laws in municipal waters including the conservation of
mangroves

On Infrastructure:

Maintenance and Rehabilitation of the following:

a) roads and bridges

b) school buildings and other facilities for public elementary and secondary schools
c) clinics, health centers and other health facilities
d) small water impounding projects
e) fish ports; artesian wells, spring development
f) rainwater collectors and water supply systems
g) seawalls, dikes, drainage and sewerage, and flood control
h) traffic signals and road signs; and similar facilities

On Tourism:

1) Tourism facilities and other tourist attractions

2) Acquisition of equipment
3) Regulation and supervision of business concessions
4) Security services for such facilities
4 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

DEVOLVED REGULATORY FUNCTIONS

1) Inspection of food products such as meat, fruits, poultry, milk, fish, vegetables and other
foodstuffs.
2) Adoption of quarantine regulations.
3) Enforcement of the National Building Code.
4) Regulations of tricycle operations.
5) Regulation of the real estate trade.
6) Licensing of cockpits.

POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS
1. Province
2. Cities
3. Municipality
4. Barangay

PROVINCE

PROVINCE

 Provinces (Filipino: lalawigan) are one of its primary political and administrative divisions.
 The province is the highest tier of local government unit.
 There are eighty-two (82) provinces in the Philippines – thirty-eight (38) in Luzon, twenty-
seven (27) in the Visayas, and seventeen (17) in Mindanao.

NCR: National Capital Region Region 1: Ilocos Region

CAR: Cordillera Administrative Region
 Ilocos Norte
 Abra  Ilocos Sur
 Apayao  La Union
 Benguet  Pangasinan
 Ifugao
 Kalinga
 Mountain Province
Region 2: Cagayan Valley Region 3: Central Luzon

 Batanes  Aurora
 Cagayan  Bataan
 Isabela  Bulacan
 Nueva Vizcaya  Nueva Ecija
 Quirino  Pampanga
 Tarlac
 Zambales
Region 4A: CALABARZON Region 4B: MIMAROPA / Southwestern
Tagalog
 Batangas
 Cavite  Marinduque
 Laguna  Occidental Mindoro
 Quezon  Oriental Mindoro
5 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

 Rizal  Palawan
 Romblon
Region 5: Bicol Region

 Albay
 Camarines Norte
 Camarines Sur
 Catanduanes
 Masbate
 Sorsogon

Region 6: Western Visayas Region 7: Central Visayas

 Aklan  Bohol
 Antique  Cebu
 Capiz  Negros Oriental
 Guimaras  Siquijor
 Iloilo
 Negros Occidental
Region 8: Eastern Visayas

 Biliran
 Eastern Samar
 Leyte
 Northern Samar
 Samar
 Southern Leyte

Region 9: Zamboanga Peninsula Region 10: Northern Mindanao

 Zamboanga del Norte  Bukidnon

 Zamboanga del Sur  Camiguin
 Zamboanga Sibugay  Lanao del Norte
 Misamis Occidental
 Misamis Oriental
Region 11: Davao Region Region 12: SOCCSKARGEN

 Davao de Oro  Cotabato

 Davao del Norte  Sarangani
 Davao del Sur  South Cotabato
 Davao Occidental  Sultan Kudarat
 Davao Oriental
Region 13: Caraga Region BARMM: Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in
Muslim Mindanao
 Agusan del Norte
 Agusan del Sur  Basilan
 Dinagat Islands  Lanao del Sur
6 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

 Surigao del Norte  Maguindanao del Norte

 Surigao del Sur  Maguindanao del Sur
 Sulu
 Tawi-Tawi

 Based on the 2020 census, the provinces with the highest population (excluding highly
urbanized cities) are Cavite (4,344,829), Bulacan (3,708,890), and Laguna (3,382,193). Those
with the lowest population are Batanes (18,831), Camiguin (92,808), and Siquijor (103,395).
 By land area, the largest are Palawan (14,649.73 km2), Lanao del Sur (15,055.51 km2), and
Isabela (13,102.05 km2), while the smallest are Batanes (203.22 km2), Camiguin (241.44
km2), and Siquijor (337.49 km2).

QUALIFICATIONS

 Has an average annual income, as certified by the Department of Finance, of not less than
Twenty million pesos(Php20,000,000.00) based on 1991 constant prices.
 A contiguous territory of at least two thousand (2,000) square kilometers, as certified by the
Lands Management Bureau.
 A population of not less than two hundred fifty thousand(250,000) inhabitants as certified
by the National Statistics Office

CLASSIFICATION
 Provinces are classified according to average annual income.

CLASS AVERAGE ANNUAL INCOME

1st ₱450 million or more
2nd ₱360 million or more but less than ₱450 million
3rd ₱270 million or more but less than ₱360 million
4th ₱180 million or more but less than ₱270 million
5th ₱90 million or more but less than ₱180 million
6th below ₱90 million

Basic Functions of Province

1. Supervision - Every provincial government is tasked with supervising the municipal governments
in the planning, budgeting, and service delivery process.

2. Developmental - This function has to do with facilitating economic development of municipalities

within the jurisdiction of a provincial government by paving the way for transfer of technology and
the granting of agricultural assistance to farmers.

3. Environmental - This is associated with the enforcement of laws and ordinances relating to the
preservation of the environment.

4. Health - Provincial governments provide tertiary health services in addition to what are provided
by each municipality.
7 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

OFFICIALS
1. Governor
2. Vice Governor
3. Provincial board members (vocales)

NOTE:

The number of regular Sanggunian members is based on the income of the province as
classified by the Department of Finance. The Commission on Elections issues resolutions
allocating the number of regular members of the Sanggunian a province may elect should a
province's income classification change.
 First-class and second-class provinces are entitled to 10 regularly elected members, 8 for
third- and fourth-class provinces and 6 for fifth- and sixth-class provinces.
 Each Sangguniang Panlalawigan district in the provinces of Batangas, Cavite, Cebu, Negros
Occidental and Pangasinan elect two members to the Sanggunian, resulting in a total
number of 16 regularly elected SP members in Cavite, 14 in Cebu, and 12 in the three other
provinces.

Rest of the provincial officials:

 provincial treasurer  division superintendent of schools

 provincial assessor  district health officer
 district auditor  district engineer
 judges of the Regional Trial courts  register of deed
 provincial fiscal

 In addition, thereto, the governor may appoint a provincial population officer, a provincial
natural resources and environment officer, a provincial cooperative officer, a provincial
architect, and a provincial information officer. (The Local Government Code of the
Philippines section 463).

GOVERNOR

 Highest-ranking executive of a province.

 The Governor is responsible for implementing laws and policies at the provincial level, as
well as overseeing the delivery of public services within the province.

TERM OF OFFICE

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

TERM LIMITS

 The offices of the abovementioned local chief executives are limited to three consecutive
three-year terms. Once they end their third term, they may not run for reelection, but may
run again once they let one term pass.
8 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

QUALIFICATIONS

 Filipino citizen
 At least 21 years old on election day
 Registered voter of the province where he/she intends to be elected
 Resident of the province where he/she intends to be elected at least 1 year before election
day
 Able to read and write in Filipino or any other local language

POWERS AND DUTIES

1. Exercise general supervision and control over all programs, projects, services, and activities of the
provincial government:

i. determine the guidelines of municipal policies and be responsible to the Sangguniang

Panlalawigan for the program of government;
ii. direct the formulation of the provincial development plan;
iii. at the opening of the regular session of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, present the program
of government and propose policies and projects for consideration;
iv. initiate and propose legislative measures to the Sangguniang Panlalawigan;
v. represent the province in all its business transactions and sign on its behalf all bonds,
contracts, and obligations, upon authorization by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan;
vi. carry out emergency measures as may be necessary during and in the aftermath of man-
made and natural disasters;
vii. examine the books, records and other documents of all offices, officials, agents or
employees of the province;
viii. furnish copies of executive orders issued by him to the Office of the President within 72
hours after their issuance;
ix. visit component cities and municipalities at least once every six months;
x. represent the province in inter-provincial or regional sports councils or committees, and
coordinate the efforts of component cities or municipalities in the regional or national
palaro or sports development activities;
xi. conduct an annual palarong panlalawigan; and
xii. submit to the Office of the President an annual report on the administration and
development of the province, and supplemental reports when unexpected events and
situations such as calamities arise.

2. Enforce all laws and ordinances, and implement all approved policies, programs, projects, services
and activities of the province:

i. issue executive orders as are necessary for the proper enforcement and execution of laws
and ordinances;
ii. call conventions, seminars or meetings of any elective and appointive officials of the
province;
iii. in coordination with the component cities and municipalities, and the National Police
Commission, formulate and implement the peace and order plan of the province; and
iv. call upon the appropriate law enforcement agencies to suppress disorder, riot, lawless
violence, rebellion or sedition or to apprehend violators of the law.

3. Initiate and maximize the generation of resources and revenues, to be used for the
implementation of development plans, program objectives and priorities:
9 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

i. prepare and submit to the Sangguniang Panlalawigan for approval the annual executive and
supplemental budgets of the province;
ii. ensure that all taxes and other revenues of the province are collected;
iii. issue, suspend or revoke licenses and permits;
iv. adopt measures to safeguard and conserve land, mineral, marine, forest, and other
resources of the province;
v. provide efficient and effective property and supply management in the province; and
protect the funds, credits, rights and other properties of the province; and
vi. institute or cause to be instituted administrative or judicial proceedings for violation of
ordinances in the collection of taxes, fees or charges, and for the recovery of funds and
property.

4. Ensure the delivery of basic services and the provision of adequate facilities as provided for under
Section 17 of the Local Government Code.

VICE GOVERNOR

 An elected official who serves as the second-highest-ranking executive in a province.

 In the absence of the Governor, the Vice Governor assumes the responsibilities and
functions of the chief executive.

TERM OF OFFICE

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day.

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms.

TERM LIMITS

 After serving three consecutive terms, an official is not allowed to immediately seek re -
election for the same position. However, they can run again after sitting out for one term.
This means that they can run for the same position again after a break in service.

QUALIFICATIONS

 Filipino citizen.
 At least 21 years old on election day.
 Registered voter of the province where he/she intends to be elected.
 Resident of the province where he/she intends to be elected at least 1 year before election
day.
 Able to read and write in Filipino or any other local language.

POWERS AND DUTIES

 The Vice Governor shall be the presiding officer of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan who
formulates policies and programs for the realization of the vision, mission, and goals of the
Province.
 Appoint all officials and employees of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan subject to civil law,
rules and regulations.
 Assumes the office of the Governor in the event of temporary or permanent vacancy.
 Exercise such powers, duties and functions as maybe prescribed by law or ordinance.
10 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

BOARD MEMBER

 A board member in the context of a province is typically an individual appointed or elected

to serve on a board that oversees specific functions or activities within the provincial
government.
 Board members contribute to decision-making, policy development, and governance within
their designated area,

TERM OF OFFICE

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

TERM LIMITS

 They can serve for three consecutive terms.

After serving three consecutive terms, a board member is not allowed to run for the
same position in the next election. However, they can run for a different local
government position or run again for the same position after sitting out for one
term.

QUALIFICATIONS

 Filipino citizen
 At least 21 years old on election day
 Registered voter of the province where he/she intends to be elected.
 A resident of the province where he/she intends to be elected at least 1 year before election
day.
 Able to read and write in Filipino or any other local language.

Composition of the Provincial Board

 Vice governor, who serves as presiding officer

 Elected regular members
 President of the provincial chapter of Liga ng mga Barangay sa Pilipinas
 President of the provincial chapter of the Sangguniang Kabataan Federation
 President of the provincial chapter of federation of municipal and component city councils
 The Local Government Code of 1991 also provides for the election of 3 "sectoral
representatives,"[1] which are supposed to come from:
women's sector
agricultural or industrial sector
ther sectors, including the disabled, the urban poor, or indigenous cultural
communities
Powers and Responsibilities

 Enacting ordinances and resolutions to appropriate funds for the programs and projects of
the province
Reviewing all ordinances approved by the Sangguniang Panlungsod and Sangguniang
Bayan of the province's component cities and municipalities to ensure that they and
11 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

their mayors are within their scope of powers as outlined in the Local Government
Code
 Enact annual and supplemental appropriations of the provincial government
 Approve and pass ordinances and resolutions necessary for the function of the provincial
government
 Grant franchises and approve permits and licenses

CITY
CITY

 A city, in the context of local government in the Philippines, is a political subdivision and a
local government unit (LGU) with a higher level of autonomy compared to municipalities.
 Cities are created, organized, and classified under the Local Government Code of 1991
(Republic Act No. 7160).
 As of July 8, 2023, there are 149 cities.

Alaminos, Pangasinan Cotabato City

Angeles, Pampanga Dagupan, Pangasinan
Antipolo, Rizal Danao, Cebu
Bacolod, Negros Occidental Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte
Bacoor, Cavite Dasmariñas, Cavite
Bago, Negros Occidental Davao City
Baguio, Benguet Digos, Davao del Sur
Bais, Negros Oriental Dipolog, Zamboanga del Norte
Balanga, Bataan Dumaguete, Negros Oriental
Batangas City, Batangas El Salvador, Misamis Oriental
Bayawan, Negros Oriental Escalante, Negros Occidental
Baybay, Leyte Gapan, Nueva Ecija
Bayugan, Agusan del Sur General Santos, South Cotabato
Biñan, Laguna General Trias, Cavite
Bislig, Surigao del Sur Gingoog, Misamis Oriental
Bogo, Cebu Guihulngan, Negros Oriental
Borongan, Eastern Samar Himamaylan, Negros Occidental
Butuan, Agusan del Norte Ilagan, Isabela
Cabadbaran, Agusan del Norte Iligan, Lanao del Norte
Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija Iloilo City, Iloilo
Cabuyao, Laguna Imus, Cavite
Cadiz, Negros Occidental Iriga, Camarines Sur
Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental Isabela City, Basilan
Calamba, Laguna Island Garden City of Samal, Davao del
Calapan, Oriental Mindoro Norte
Calbayog, Samar Kabankalan, Negros Occidental
Caloocan, Metro Manila Kidapawan, Cotabato
Candon, Ilocos Sur Koronadal, South Cotabato
Canlaon, Negros Oriental La Carlota, Negros Occidental
Carcar, Cebu Laoag, Ilocos Norte
Catbalogan, Samar Lapu-Lapu, Cebu
Cavite City, Cavite Las Piñas, Metro Manila
Cebu City, Cebu Legazpi, Albay
12 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

Ligao, Albay San Carlos, Negros Occidental

Lipa, Batangas San Carlos, Pangasinan
Lucena, Quezon San Fernando, La Union
Maasin, Southern Leyte San Fernando, Pampanga
Mabalacat, Pampanga San Jose, Antique
Makati, Metro Manila San Jose, Nueva Ecija
Malabon, Metro Manila San Juan, Metro Manila
Malaybalay, Bukidnon San Pablo, Laguna
Malolos, Bulacan Santa Rosa, Laguna
Mandaluyong, Metro Manila Santiago, Isabela
Mandaue, Cebu Silay, Negros Occidental
Manila, Metro Manila Sipalay, Negros Occidental
Marawi, Lanao del Sur Sorsogon City, Sorsogon
Marikina, Metro Manila Surigao City, Surigao del Norte
Masbate City, Masbate Tabaco, Albay
Mati, Davao Oriental Tacloban, Leyte
Meycauayan, Bulacan Tacurong, Sultan Kudarat
Minglanilla, Cebu Tagaytay, Cavite
Muntinlupa, Metro Manila Tagbilaran, Bohol
Naga, Camarines Sur Taguig, Metro Manila
Naga, Cebu Tagum, Davao del Norte
Navotas, Metro Manila Talisay, Cebu
Olongapo, Zambales Talisay, Negros Occidental
Ormoc, Leyte Tanauan, Batangas
Oroquieta, Misamis Occidental Tangub, Misamis Occidental
Ozamiz, Misamis Occidental Tanjay, Negros Oriental
Pagadian, Zamboanga del Sur Tarlac City, Tarlac
Palayan, Nueva Ecija Tayabas, Quezon
Panabo, Davao del Norte Toledo, Cebu
Parañaque, Metro Manila Trece Martires, Cavite
Pasay, Metro Manila Tuguegarao, Cagayan
Pasig, Metro Manila Urdaneta, Pangasinan
Passi, Iloilo Valencia, Bukidnon
Puerto Princesa, Palawan Valenzuela, Metro Manila
Quezon City, Metro Manila Victorias, Negros Occidental
Roxas, Capiz Vigan, Ilocos Sur
Sagay, Negros Occidental Zamboanga City
Samal, Bataan

WHY CONVERT?
 Municipalities aspire for cityhood mainly for the effectual changes in their fiscal status.
INCOME CLASSIFICATION
Cities are classified according to average annual income based on the previous 3 calendar years.

CLASS AVERAGE ANNU AL INCOME

st
1 ₱400 million or more
2nd ₱320 million or more but less than ₱400 million
13 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

3rd ₱240 million or more but less than ₱320 million

4th ₱160 million or more but less than ₱240 million
5th ₱80 million or more but less than ₱160 million
6th below ₱80 million

CITY CLASSIFICATION
1. Highly Urbanized City
2. Independent Component Cities
3. Component Cities

HIGHLY URBANIZED CITY

 There are 33 HUC

Angeles City Muntinlupa

Bacolod Navotas
Baguio Olangapo
Butuan Parañaque
Cagayan de Oro Pasay
Caloocan Pasig
Cebu City Puerto Princesa
Davao City Quezon City
General Santos San Juan
Iligan Tacloban
Iloilo City Taguig
Lapu-Lapu City Velenzuela
Las Piñas Zamboaga City
Lucena
Makati
Malabon
Mandaluyong
Mandaue
Manila
Marikina

QUALIFICATION: SECTION 452

a. Citles with a minimum population of two hundred thousand (200,000)

inhabitants as certified by the National Statistics Office
b. within the latest annual incorne of at least Fifty Million Pesos
(P50,000,000.00) based on 1991 constant prices, as certified by the city
treasurer, shall be classified as highly urbanized cities.

ARTICLE 12. Conversion of a Component City Into a Highly-Urbanized City.

a. Requisites for conversion - A component city shall not be converted into a luighly-urbanized
city unless the following requisites are present:
14 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

1) Income - Latest annual incoe of not less than Filty Million Pesos (P50,000,000,00) based
on 1991 constant prices, as certified by the city troosurer: The annual income shall
include the income accruing to the general fund, exclusive of special funds, transfers,
and non-recurring income; and
2) Population - which shall not be less than two hundred thousand (200,000) inhabitants,
as certified by NSO.
b. Procedure for conversion -
1) Resolution. The interested component city shall submit to the Office of the Presid ent a
resolution of its Sanggunian adopted by a majority of all of its merbers in a meeting duly
called for the purpose, and approved and endorsed by the city mayor. Said resolution
shall be accompanied by certifications as to income and population.
2) 2. Decoration ol Conversion. Within thirty (30) days from receipt of such resolution, the
President shall, atter venifying that the income and' population raquirements have been
met, declare the component city as highly-urbanized.
3) 3. Plobiscite. Within one hundred twenty (120) days from the declaration of the
President or as specified in the declaration, tho COMELEC shall conduct a plebicito in tha
cty proposed to be converted, such olebisote shall be preceded by a compretensive
information campaigna to be coriducted by the COMELEC with te assistance of national
and local government official, mecho, NCOs, and other Interested parties.

INDEPENDENT COMPONENT CITIES

 Cities whose charters prohibit their voters from voting for provincial elective officials.
 Independent component cities are independent of the province.
o There are five such cities: Dagupan, Cotabato, Naga, Ormoc and Santiago.
 does not have its Sangguniang Panlungsod legislation subject to review by any province's
Sangguniang Panlalawigan;
 does not share tax revenue with any province; and
 is directly supervised by the President of the Philippines through the city government (given
that the provincial government no longer exercises supervision over city officials), as stated
in Section 29 of the Local Government Code.
 There are 5 Independent Component Cities

Cotabato City Ormoc

Dagupan Santiago
Naga

COMPONENT CITIES

 Cities which do not meet the above requirements are considered component cities of the
province in which they are geographically located.
 If a component city is located within the boundaries of two (2) or more provinces, such city
shall be considered a component of the province of which it used to be a municipality.
 Barangays may be converted into a component city if it has an average annual income, as
certifiedby the City Hall Department of Finance, of at least Twenty million pesos
(Php20,000,000.00) for the last two (2) consecutive years based on 1991 constant prices,
and if it has either of the following requisites:
15 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

(i) a contiguousterritory of at least one hundred (100) square kilometers, as certified

by the Lands Management Bureau; or,
(ii) a population of not less than one hundred fifty thousand(150,000 (The Local
Government Code of the Philippines section 450).
 There are 111 Component Cities

Alaminos El Salvador Sagay

Antipolo Escalante Samal
Bacoor Gapan San Carlos, Davao
Bago General Trias San Carlos, Negros
Bais Gingoog San Fernando
Balanga Guihulngan San Fernando
Baliwag Himamaylan San Jose
Batac llagan San Jose del Monte
Batangas City Imus San Pablo
Bayawan Iriga San Pedro
Baybay Isabela Santa Rosa
Bayugan Kabankalan Santo Tomas
Biñan Kidapawan Silay
Bislig Koronadal Sipalay
Bogo La Carlota Sorsogon City
Borongan Lamitan Surigao City
Cabadbaran Laoag Tabaco
Cabanatuan Legazpi Tabuk
Cabuyao Ligao Tacurong
Cadiz Lipa Tagaytay
Calaca Maasin Tagbilaran
Calamba Mabalacat Tajum
Calapan Malaybalay Talisay
Calbayog Malolos Tallisay
Candon Marawi Tanauan
Canlaon Masbate City Tandag
Carcar Mati Tangub
Carmona Meycauayan Tanjay
Catbalogan Muñoz Tarlac City
Cauayan Naga Tayabas
Cavite City Oroquieta Toledo
Danao Ozamiz Trece
Dapitan Pagadian Tuguegarao
Dasmariñas Palayan Martires
Digos Panabo Urdaneta
Dipolog Passi Valoncia
Dumaguete Roxas Victorias
Vigan

OFFICIALS
1. City Mayor
2. Vice Governor
16 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

3. Provincial board members (vocales)

Rest of the municipal officials:

secretary to the Sangguniang Bayan, a municipal treasurer, a municipal assessor, a municipal
accountant, a municipal budget officer, a municipal planning and development coordinator, a
municipal engineer/building official, a municipal health officer and a municipal civil registrar.

In addition, thereto, the mayor may appoint a municipal administrator:

a municipal legal officer, a municipal agriculturist, a municipal environment and natural
resources officer, a municipal social welfare and development officer, a municipal architect, and
a municipal information officer

City Mayor
 an official elected or appointed to act as chief executive or nominal head of a city.

Term of Office

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

Qualifications

 Citizen of the Philippines

 Registered voter in the city where he/she intends to be elected
 Resident of the city where he/she intends to be elected for at least 1 year before the day of
election
 Able to write in Filipino or any other local language or dialect
 At least 21 years old on election day

Powers and Responsibilities

 Supervise all programs, projects, services, and activities of the city government
 Enforce all laws and ordinances in relation to the governance of the city
 Implement all policies, programs, projects, services, and activities of the city
 Initiate and maximize the generation of resources and revenues and use these for
implementing plans
 Ensure that the city has basic services and adequate facilities

City Vice Mayor

 The City Vice Mayor shall be the presiding officer of the Sangguniang Panlungsod and sign all
warrants drawn on the City Treasury for all expenditures appropriated for the operation of
the Sangguniang Panlungsod and exercise the powers and perform the duties and functions
of the city mayor in case of temporary vacancy and perform such other duties and functions
and exercise such other powers as provided for under the Local Government Code BF 1991
and those that are prescribed by law or ordinance.

Term of Office

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day

17 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

Qualifications

 Citizen of the Philippines

 Registered voter in the city where he/she intends to be elected
 Resident of the city where he/she intends to be elected for at least 1 year before the day of
election
 Able to write in Filipino or any other local language or dialect
 At least 21 years old on election day
Powers and Responsibilities

 Preside over the sangguniang panlungsod (city council)

 Sign all warrants for the expenditures of the city council
 Appoint officials and employees of the city council
 Assume the office of the city mayor in the event of a permanent vacancy
 Exercise the powers and perform the duties and functions of the city mayor in cases of
temporary vacancy

Sangguniang Panlunsod (City Council) Member

Term of office

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

Qualifications

 Citizen of the Philippines

 Registered voter in the city where he/she intends to be elected
 Resident of the city where he/she intends to be elected for at least 1 year before the day of
the election
 Able to write in Filipino or any other local language or dialect
 At least 18 years of age on election day. Candidates of highly urbanized cities need to be at
least 21 years old on election day.

Composition of the City Council

 City vice-mayor, who serves as the presiding officer

 Regular elected members
 President of the city’s Liga ng mga Barangay
 President of the city’s Sangguniang Kabataan Federation
 3 sectoral representatives: 1 from the women, 1 from agricultural or industrial workers, and
1 from other sectors like the urban poor, indigenous communities, or disabled persons.

Powers and Responsibilities

 Approve ordinances and pass resolutions for an effe ctive city government
 Generate resources and revenues for the city’s development plans, program objectives, and
priorities
 Enact ordinances that grant franchises and authorize the issuance of permits or licenses
18 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

 Regulate activities in relation to the use of land, buildings, and structures

 Approve ordinances for the delivery of basic services and facilities

MUNICIPALITY
Municipality

 A municipality serves as a form of local government that is closer to the people.

 Municipalities have the authority to enact local ordinances and regulations to address the
specific needs and concerns of their residents.
 As of July 8, 2023, there are 1,485 municipalities encompassing the country.
 44 of the 1,485 municipalities in the Philippines are from Cebu.

Alcantara, Cebu Madridejos, Cebu

Alcoy, Cebu Malabuyoc
Alegria, Cebu Medellin, Cebu
Aloguinsan Minglanilla
Argao Moalboal
Asturias, Cebu Oslob
Badian, Cebu Pilar, Cebu
Balamban Pinamungajan
Bantayan, Cebu Poro, Cebu
Barili Ronda, Cebu
Boljoon Samboan
Borbon, Cebu San Fernando, Cebu
Carmen, Cebu San Francisco, Cebu
Catmon San Remigio, Cebu
Compostela, Cebu Santa Fe, Cebu
Consolacion Santander, Cebu
Cordova, Cebu Sibonga
Daanbantayan Sogod, Cebu
Dalaguete Tabogon
Dumanjug Tabuelan
Ginatilan Tuburan, Cebu
Liloan, Cebu Tudela, Cebu

QUALIFICATIONS

 A municipality may be created if it has an average annual income, as certified by the

provincial treasurer, of at least two million five hundred thousand pesos (P2,500,000.00) for
the last two (2) consecutive years based on the 1991 constant prices
 a population of at least twenty-five thousand (25,000) inhabitants as certified by the
National Statistics Office
 and a contiguous territory of at least fifty (50) square kilometers as certified by the Lands
Management Bureau: (The Local Government Code of the Philippines Section 441).
19 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

CLASSIFICATION
CLASS AVERAGE ANNUAL INCOME
1st ₱55 million or more
2nd ₱45 million or more but less than ₱55 million
3rd ₱35 million or more but less than ₱45 million
4th ₱25 million or more but less than ₱35 million
5th ₱15 million or more but less than ₱25 million
6th below ₱15 million

OFFICIALS
1. Mayor
2. Vice Mayor
3. 8 regular Councilor

MAYOR

 the head of a municipal government

Term of Office

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

Qualifications

 Filipino citizen
 At least 21 years old on election day
 Registered voter in the municipality where he/she intends to be elected
 Resident of the municipality where he/she intends to be elected for at least 1 year before
election day
 Able to read and write in Filipino or any other local language or dialect

Duties and Responsibilities

 Supervise all programs, projects, services, and activities of the municipal government
 Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the governance of the municipality and the
exercise of its corporate powers
 Initiate and maximize resource and revenue generation
 Ensure the delivery of basic services and the provision of adequate facilities

Municipal Vice Mayor

 The Vice Mayor is the permanent Presiding Officer of the SB providing leadership during
Deliberation & decision-making for a commitment of high legislative performance.

Term of Office

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms
20 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

Qualifications

 Filipino citizen
 At least 21 years old on election day
 Registered voter in the municipality where he/she intends to be elected
 Resident of the municipality where he/she intends to be elected for at least 1 year before
election day
 Able to read and write in Filipino or any other local language or dialect

Powers and Responsibilities

 Preside over the sangguniang bayan (municipal council) and sign warrants for expenditures
appropriated for its operation
 Appoint officials and employees of the sangguniang bayan, with exceptions provided in the
Local Government Code
 Assume the municipal mayor’s office in the event of permanent vacancy
 Exercise the powers and perform the duties and functions of the municipal mayor in cases of
temporary vacancy

Sangguniang Bayan (Municipal Council) Member

 Municipal Councillors are members of local municipal corporation and representatives of

citizens in a given place.

Term of Office

 3 years starting noon of June 30 following election day

 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

Qualifications

 Filipino citizen
 At least 18 years old on election day
 Registered voter in the district where he/she intends to be elected
 Resident of the district where he/she intends to be elected for at least 1 year before election
day
 Able to read and write in Filipino or any other local language or dialect
Composition of the Municipal Council

 Municipal vice mayor, who serves as presiding officer

 Regular council members
 President of the municipal chapter of the Liga ng mga Barangay
 President of the pambayang pederasyon ng mga Sangguniang Kabataan
 3 sectoral representatives: 1 from among women, 1 from agricultural or industrial workers,
and 1 from any of the following: urban poor, indigenous peoples, persons with disabilities
21 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

Powers and responsibilities

 Approve ordinances and pass resolutions for an efficient and effective municipal
government
 Generate and maximize resources and revenues for the municipality’s development plans,
program objectives, and priorities
 Grant franchises, enact ordinances authorizing the issuance of permits or licenses, enact
ordinances levying taxes, fees, and charges
 Regulate activities related to the use of land, buildings, and structures within the
municipality
 Approve ordinances ensuring the efficient and effective delivery of basic services and
facilities

BARANGAY
BARANGAY

 The barangay is the basic unit of government.

 Just over 42,001 barangays are established in Philippines and these political units are the
first level of government that citizens have access to.

Ablayan, Dalaguete Maloray, Dalaguete

Babayongan, Dalaguete Mananggal, Dalaguete
Balud, Dalaguete Manlapay, Dalaguete
Banhigan, Dalaguete Mantalongon, Dalaguete
Bulak, Dalaguete Nalhub, Dalaguete
Caleriohan, Dalaguete Obo, Dalaguete
Caliongan, Dalaguete Obong, Dalaguete
Casay, Dalaguete Panas, Dalaguete
Catolohan, Dalaguete Poblacion, Dalaguete
Cawayan, Dalaguete Sacsac, Dalaguete
Consolacion, Dalaguete Salug, Dalaguete
Coro, Dalaguete Tabon, Dalaguete
Dugyan, Dalaguete Tapun, Dalaguete
Dumalan, Dalaguete Tuba, Dalaguete
Jolomaynon, Dalaguete
Lanao, Dalaguete
Langkas, Dalaguete
Lumbang, Dalaguete
Malones, Dalaguete

ROLE OF THE BARANGAY

 As the basic political unit, the barangay serves as the primary planning and implementing
unit of government policies, plans, programs, projects and activities in the community and as
a forum wherein the collective views of the people may be expressed, crystallized and
considered and when disputes may be amicably settled (The Local Government Code of the
Philippines section 384).
22 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

Basic Functions of Barangay

1. Ensure the delivery of basic services.
2. Enforce laws and regulation relating to the protection of the environment.
3. Adopt measures to prevent and eradicate drug abuse, child abuse and juvenile
delinquency.
4. Serves a forum where people's interests and opinions on local and national issues
are articulated
5. Serves as a place for settling neighborhood disputes or conflicts.

Officials
1. Punong Barangay
2. Seven (7) Sangguniang Barangay members

OTHER BARANGAY OFFICIALS:

 the Sangguniang Kabataang Chairman

 a Barangay Secretary
 a Barangay Treasurer
 There shall also be in every Barangay a Lupong Tagapamayapa

Punong Barangay
 A barangay captain, or a barangay chairperson, is the highest elected official in a barangay

Term of Office

 3 years
 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

Qualifications

 A natural-born Filipino citizen

 A registered voter in the barangay
 An actual resident of the barangay for at least one year immediately preceding the election
 Able to read and write Filipino or any other local language or dialect
 At least 21 years of age on the day of the election
Duties and responsibilities

 Make sure everyone follows the ordinances and rules of the barangay
 Sign agreements for the barangay, but only with the approval of the barangay council
 Keep peace in the barangay and help the city or town leader and council members do their
jobs
 Run and lead meetings of the barangay council and community meetings, and only vote
when there’s a tie
 With the council’s approval, choose people for important jobs in barangay, like a secretary
and a treasurer
 Organize and lead a group for emergencies to keep peace and order or on occasions of
calamity
23 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

 In coordination with the Barangay Development Council, prepare the annual executive and
supplemental budgets of the barangay
 Approve the spending of barangay budget
 Make sure people follow the rules about keeping the environment clean and safe
 Help with neighborhood conflicts and disputes
 Keep an eye on the activities of the youth council (Sangguniang Kabataan)
 Make sure everyone in the barangay gets the basics they need
 Organize a yearly sports event with the Department of Education
 Look out for the well-being of the barangay
 Do other jobs and duties as the laws or barangay ordinances and rules require

Sangguniang Barangay Member

Term of Office

 3 years
 Can be elected to a maximum of 3 consecutive terms

Qualifications

 A natural-born Filipino citizen

 A registered voter in the barangay
 An actual resident of the barangay for at least one year immediately preceding the election
 Able to read and write Filipino or any other local language or dialect
 At least 21 years of age on the day of the election

Duties and responsibilities

 Pass ordinances and budgets

 Oversee public facilities while also suggesting improvements
 Promote cooperatives, manage facilities, coordinate project fundraising
 May provide compensation and allowances to council members within budget limits
 May authorize the punong barangay to enter into contracts, and the treasurer to make
administrative purchases
 May organize community activities, forums, lectures, and assemblies to encourage citizen
participation in governance
 May start a barangay high school or non-formal education center
 Support child protection and anti-juvenile delinquency efforts
 Assist the punong barangay in his duties
 Act as peace officer to maintain public order and safety
 Exercise any other powers and perform duties as prescribed by law or ordinance

SK Chairperson and Kagawad:

 A citizen of the Philippines;

 A qualified voter of the Katipunan ng Kabataan;
 A resident of the Barangay for not less than 1 year immediately preceding the day of the
election;
24 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT

 Able to read and write Filipino, English or the local dialect;

 Must not be related within the 2nd civil degree of consanguinity or affinity to any incumbent
elected national official or to any incumbent elected regional, provincial, municipal, or
barangay official in the locality where the aspirant seeks to be elected; and
 Must not have been convicted of any crime involving moral turpitude.

People aged 15 to 30 may vote in Sangguniang Kabataan elections. As with their adult counterparts,
the COMELEC has a registration period a few months prior to the election.