SKILL 11: ADJECTIVE CLAUSE WITH CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB

Adjective clause function is to modify a noun in a sentence.

We add extra information to the Noun.

Please pay attention to following sentences!

The cake is delicious

noun

Now, lets add extra information to the noun

Noun Cake. Which cake?
Extra information that I made yesterday

Now lets combine them together

The cake that I made yesterday is delicious

Noun adjective clause (to modify the noun)

FORMULA of Skill 11:

Adjective clause should have CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB

There are some connectors that you can use:

CONNECTOR SUBJECT + VERB
subject and object pronoun for people only.
(*whom can also be used as an object pronoun)
Who/ whom
The man was old
The man who(m) I saw was old
subject and object pronoun used for things only.
which
The book was red
The book that I bought was red
that subject and object pronoun used for people and things.

The man was old

 The man that I saw was old

The book was red

The book that I bought was red
used for possessions.
whose
The man was old
The man whose hair is white was old.
used for places.
where
The restaurant has great view
The restaurant where we met has great view
used for times.
when
The day was cloudy.
The day when we met was cloudy.

EXERCISE 1 : Please add the right connector for the adjective clause below!
TIPS: Find the NOUN first

1. The watch that I want to buy is too expensive.

2. Did you see the painting _______ I bought in Paris?
3. That was a time ______ I will always remember.
4. There are many students _______ I teach can speak English well.
5. The Italian restaurant _______ I went to last night has great dessert.
6. We sat in the garden ______ we could also see birds.

EXERCISE 2 : The connectors below are wrong. Please correct them

TIPS: Find the NOUN first

1. I don’t want to hear the song where I heard in the party.

Correct sentence: I don’t want to hear the song that I heard in the party.

2. He has a list of customers which he calls once a month in his address book.
 Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

3. 1998 was the year who I got married.

Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

4. The printer when we were using yesterday is broken.

Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

5. My bedroom is the only place who the cat can’t go.

Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

6. He’s always talking about his car whom he bought last year in London.
Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

TOEFL EXERCISE : Here are some questions in real TOEFL test. Can you answer them?

1. We had made an appointment with the informant __________ they recommended

(Source: Sastra Noor)
A. Which
B. Whom
C. Are
D. Since

2. Many of Louise Nevelson’s sculptures consisted of a number of large wooden structures

__________ in complex patterns. (Source: Bruce Rogers)
A. Which she arranged
B. She arranged them
C. Which arranged
D. Arranged them

3. The first writing __________ evidence of is on Mesopotamian clay tablets. (Source:

Longman)
A. We
B. That we
 C. Has
D. That we have

4. Benjamin Kabelsky, whom __________ as Jack Benny, was a famous comedian in

vaudeville and on radio and television. (Source: Longman)
A. Most people’s knowledge
B. Most people know
C. Knowing most people
D. The knowledge of most people

5. Many companies across the country have molded the concepts __________ describes into
an integrated strategy for preventing stress. (Source: Longman)
A. And wolf
B. That wolf
C. What wolf
D. So wolf

6. The music whom he composed has just been published earlier than before.
A B C D
(Source: Sastra Noor)

7. Louisa May Alcott which people known for her books for children served as a nurse
A B C
during the Civil War (Source: Bruce Rogers)
D

8. The dav that he spent on the beach left her sunburned. (Source: Longman)
A B C D

9. In 1934, chemist Wallace Carothers produced a plastic who he called nylon.

A B C D
(Source: Longman)

10. A turkey whom Abraham Lincoln had saved from Thanksgiving dinner became a
A B
beloved family pet. (Source: Longman)
C D
SKILL 12: Adjective Clause Connectors/ Subjects

Adjective clause function is to modify a noun in a sentence.

We explain/elaborate more about the Noun.

Please pay attention to following sentences!

The man is my dad

noun

Now, lets add extra information to the noun

Noun The man. What is more explanation about the man?
Extra information who is wearing sunglasses

Now lets combine them together

The man who is wearing sunglasses is my dad

Noun adjective clause (to modify the noun)

FORMULA of Skill 12:

Adjective clause should have CONNECTOR + VERB

*The connectors are the same with connectors in Skill 11

EXERCISE 1 : Please add the right connector for the adjective clause below!
TIPS: Find the NOUN first

1. The ice cream that is served in the restaurant has a smooth, creamy texture.
2. The cars _____ are trying to enter the freeway system are lined up for blocks.
3. I have great respect for everyone _____ is on the Dean's List.
4. It is going to be very difficult to work with the man ____ is lazy here.
5. The door ____ leads to the vault it was tightly locked.
6. The neighbors reported the man ____ was trying to break into the car to the police.

EXERCISE 2 : The connector below are wrong. Please correct them

TIPS: Find the NOUN first

1. These plants can only survive in an environment where is extremely humid.

Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

2. The boss meets with any production workers when they have surpassed their quotas.
Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

3. The salesclerk ran after the woman which had left her credit card in the store.
Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

4. The shoes who matched the dress that was on sale.

Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

5. My best friend lives in the town who has the longest river in the world.
Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

6. She works at a bank when located on Queen Street.

Correct sentence:
______________________________________________________________

TOEFL EXERCISE : Here are some questions in real TOEFL test. Can you answer them?

1. Daniel Webster, Thaddeus Stevens, and many others ___________ prominent in public life
began their careers by teaching school. (Source: Bruce Rogers)
A. They became
B. Once they became
C. Became
D. Who became

2. In 1793, Charles Newbold designed a cast iron plow that __________ than the wooden
plows then in use. (Source: Peterson’s practice)
A. Was more efficient
B. Was of more efficiency
C. Had more efficiency
 D. It was more efficient
3. A major concern among archaeologists today is the preservation of archaeological sites,
____________ are threatened by development. (Source: Bruce Rogers)
A. Of which many
B. Many of them
C. Which many
D. Many of which

4. I took two of the blue pills, __________ very effective.(Source: Longman)

A. Who were
B. Which were
C. Which are
D. That are

5. The Liberty Bell, __________ its own pavilion on Independence Mall, hung for nearly a
century at Independence Hall. (Source: Longman)
A. Who now has
B. Now has
C. When does it have
D. Which now has

6. The plants that they belong to the family of ferns are quite varied in their size and
A B C D
structure. (Source: Barron 6 )
th

7. The Franklin stove, who became common in the 1780s, burned wood more efficiently
A B C
than an open fireplace. (Source: Peterson’s practice)
D
8. I did not vote for the politician who he just won the election. (Source: Longman)
A B C D

9. The people which came in late had to sit at the back. (Source: Longman)
A B C D

10. After dinner she went to visit her parents, which were living down the street.
A B C D
(Source: Longman)
SKILL 11-12: SUM UP

WAIT!! So what makes Skill 11 and 12 different?

Look at these examples below!

The house which I live in is big and beautiful (Skill 11)

The house which has a swimming pool is big and beautiful (Skill 12)

Skill 11: The house which I live in is big and beautiful

connector
subject verb

In Skill 11, the adjective clause aims to add extra information to the house.
So it has CONNECTOR + SUBJECT + VERB

Skill 12: The house which has a swimming pool is big and beautiful

connector
verb

In Skill 12, the adjective clause aims to explain/elaborate more about the house.
So it does not have new subject, the subject is the house itself.
It only has CONNECTOR + VERB

FINAL TOEFL EXERCISE SKILL 11-12

1. The serpent __________ listed on the article was rather rare to searched. Sastra Noor
A. That we
 B. Because
C. Not once
D. Was
2. Next week I am going to visit my cousins, __________ have not seen in seven years.
Longman
A. Which
B. Whom
C. Whom I
D. In which
3. The chief advantage of using satellites to predict weather __________ can survey
vast regions of the Earth at one time. Peterson’s practice
A. They
B. Is that they
C. Is that
D. That they
4. Fiction writer Zona Gale wrote about the small Wisconsin town __________ she grew
up, showing both its positive and negative qualities. Peterson’s practice
A. In which
B. Which in
C. Which
D. In where
5. The teacher ___________ like the most is their history teacher. Longman
A. Whom the students
B. The students whom
C. Which
D. Which the students
6. Hawkeye was a character __________ James Fenimore Cooper created for The Last
of the Mohicans. Barron 6th
A. Who
B. Whom
C. Which
D. Whose
7. The musicians __________ the earliest jazz recordings were originally from Chicago.
Bruce Rogers
A. Which made
B. Who is made
C. Who made
D. Which is made
8. The Wassatch Range, __________, extends from southeastern Idaho into northern
Utah. Bruce Rogers
A. Which is a part of the Rocky Mountains
B. A part of the Rocky Mountains that
C. Is a part of the Rocky Mountains
D. A part of the Rocky Mountains, it
9. The Girl Scouts, __________ by Juliette Gordon Low in 1912, has grown to a current
membership of more than three million girls. Barron 6th
A. Who founded
B. Which found
C. Which founded
D. That found
10. The bank sent a notice to its customers which contains ___________ Cliff
A. A remembrance that internet rates were to raise the following months
B. A reminder that a raise in internet rates was the month following
C. To remember that the interest rates were going up next month
D. A reminder that the interest rates would rise the following month
11. Sally has an appointment with the hairdresser which you recommended. Longman
A B C D
12. Dolphins lack vocal cords but they have a large, oil-filled organ called the “melon,”
A B
which with they can produce a variety of sounds.
C D
13. The girl which my cousin married used to be a chorus girl for the Rockettes at Radio
City
A B C
Music Hall in New York. Cliff
D
14. Whitman wrote Leaves of Grass as a tribute to the Civil War soldiers who had lain on
the
A
battlefields and which he had seen while serving as an army nurse. Barron 6th
B C D
15. The student who the most altruistic was moved to the Los Angeles. Sastra Noor
A B C D
16. In his novels, Sinclair Lewis drew critical portraits of Americans which thought of
A B C
themselves as model citizens. Bruce Rogers
 D
17. Many people which live near the ocean depend on it as a source of food, recreation,
and
A B C
economic opportunities. Bruce Rogers
D
18. Princeton University, who was established in 1746, is one of the oldest University in
the
A B C D
United States. Longman
19. Someone which personifies the “American Dream” is Andrew Carnegie, who
immigrated
A B C
to the United States from Scotland without money and made millions in the steel
industry.
D
Longman
20. Anyone which takes the Rorschach test for personality traits is asked to interpret a
series
A B C D
of inkblots. Longman