Arduino Based Fingerprint Door Lock System

e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:08/August-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
ARDUINO BASED FINGERPRINT DOOR LOCK SYSTEM
Prof. A.A. Ranaware*1, N.S. Desai*2, S.R. Teli*3,
S.D. Londhe*4, S.R. Pisal*5
*1HOD, E&TC Diploma, College Of Engineering, Phaltan, Maharashtra, India.
*2,3,4,5Diploma E&TC, College Of Engineering, Phaltan, Maharashtra, India
DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.56726/IRJMETS29473
ABSTRACT
From earlier times as well as till now, security was an important issue of concern in our households and also
in office, shops, etc. Everyone has a fear of unauthorized person entering to their home or office without their
knowledge. The normal door can be fitted with locks which are capable of breaking with the use of an alternate
key. Alternatives to this system can be found like the password or pattern system in the locks which again
has the possibility of getting exposed and opening the lock. So, a solution to such problems can be by
combining door lock with biometrics. Biometric verification is any means by which a person can be
uniquely identified by evaluating one or more distinguishing biological traits. Unique identifiers include
fingerprints, hand geometry, earlobe geometry, retina and iris patterns, voice waves, DNA, and signatures. Here
we will use fingerprint for biometric verification as it is one such thing which is unique to every individual and
the use of fingerprint as the key to door locks can overcome the security problem of unauthorized people
trespassing to our homes, shops, offices, etc to a great extent as duplicity in such key is not possible. Also, this
system will not lead to problems like losing keys because we do not require carrying keys. This system can
be used instead of traditional locks. So, using arduino we will try to implement the system with features which
will increase the security level.
Keywords: Door Lock.
I. INTRODUCTION
Security in the office/corporate world is a big concern for everyone these days, whether they are away from
Home or at home. Protection services are one of the most important issues in today’s busy dynamic society,
Where humans are unable to provide security for their private belongings manually. Instead, he comes up with
A different approach that provides faster, more dependable and atomized protection. This is an age in which
Everyone is linked through the internet, and everyone can access information from anywhere on the planet.
As a result, the possibility of having one’s information stolen is a significant concern. Because of these Dangers,
it’s critical to provide some kind of personal identity to enter one’s info. Personal identity is becoming
Increasingly relevant in today’s world. We mainly see password and identity card strategies among Mainstream
personal identification approaches. However, passwords are now easily hacked, and identity cards Can be
misplaced, rendering these approaches ineffective. Certain cases are very aggravating, such as when a person
locks himself out of his home or office and leaves His key inside, or when a robber simply breaks the lock and
takes everything. People who use a manual door Lock or keys are still troubled by circumstances like this. In
other cases, some people are responsible for Locking up houses or offices and holding the keys secure.
However, there are occasions where the person in Possession of the keys is unable or has gone through an
emergency routine, which may trigger an unwelcome Interruption for those who need the key immediately.
These are only a few of the problems that people can encounter while using keys or smart cards. That’s where
our fingerprint-based lock scheme comes in handy. Our architecture is applied to offer greater security so Users
do not need to recall passwords or carry around keys or cards that are often misplaced. If a person’s
Fingerprint is approved in the device, he will not experience any delays when entering a room Fingerprint
recognition Is one of the most reliable technologies and no two people’s fingerprints are identical.
Unauthorized access can thus be limited by creating a lock that stores the fingerprints of one or more
Registered users and unlocks the system only when a match is made.
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

[2019]
e-ISSN: 2582-5208
Problem Definition / Statement
The previous project developed in academic year 2020-21 is a Digital Code Lock System operates on keypad.
Any person can open the door who knows the pass keys. Hence, Digital code lock system cannot authenticate
the person hence any one can easily enters which results in theft occurrence or mishappening. To overcome the
problem of Authentication in previous system, we introduced the fingerprint-based Door Lock System.
II. METHODOLOGY
Block Diagram
The block diagram of our project is as
Fig. Block Diagram of Arduino based Fingerprint Door Lock System

The block diagram description is as follows
Hardware Components :
In our project we are using following components
1. Arduino Uno
2. Fingerprint Sensor
3. LCD Display
4. Relay Module
5. Solenoid Lock
Software
Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is used to program the Arduino Uno board.
Arduino Uno
Arduino Pin Configuration
Pin configuration of Arduino is as follows
Fig. Arduino Uno Pin Configuration

[2020]
e-ISSN: 2582-5208
Arduino Uno is a popular microcontroller development board based on 8-bit ATmega328P microcontroller.
Along with ATmega328P MCU IC, it consists other components such as crystal oscillator, serial communication,
voltage regulator, etc. to support the microcontroller.
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on 8-bit ATmega328P microcontroller. Along with
ATmega328P, it consists other components such as crystal oscillator, serial communication, voltage regulator,
etc. to support the microcontroller. Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (out of which 6 can be used as
PWM outputs), 6 analog input pins, a USB connection, A Power barrel jack, an ICSP header and a reset button.
How to use Arduino Board.
The 14 digital input/output pins can be used as input or output pins by using pinMode(), digitalRead() and
digitalWrite() functions in arduino programming. Each pin operate at 5V and can provide or receive a
maximum of 40mA current, and has an internal pull-up resistor of 20-50 KOhms which are disconnected by
default. Out of these 14 pins, some pins have specific functions as listed below:
 Serial Pins 0 (Rx) and 1 (Tx): Rx and Tx pins are used to receive and transmit TTL serial data. They are
connected with the corresponding ATmega328P USB to TTL serial chip.
 External Interrupt Pins 2 and 3: These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low value, a
rising or falling edge, or a change in value.
 PWM Pins 3, 5, 6, 9 and 11: These pins provide an 8-bit PWM output by using analogWrite() function.
 SPI Pins 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO) and 13 (SCK): These pins are used for SPI communication.
 In-built LED Pin 13: This pin is connected with an built-in LED, when pin 13 is HIGH – LED is on and when
pin 13 is LOW, its off.
Along with 14 Digital pins, there are 6 analog input pins, each of which provide 10 bits of resolution, i.e. 1024
different values. They measure from 0 to 5 volts but this limit can be increased by using AREF pin with analog
Reference() function.
 Analog pin 4 (SDA) and pin 5 (SCA) also used for TWI communication using Wire library.
Arduino Uno has a couple of other pins as explained below:
 AREF: Used to provide reference voltage for analog inputs with analogReference() function.
 Reset Pin: Making this pin LOW, resets the microcontroller.
Communication
Arduino can be used to communicate with a computer, another Arduino board or other microcontrollers. The
ATmega328P microcontroller provides UART TTL (5V) serial communication which can be done using digital
pin 0 (Rx) and digital pin 1 (Tx). An ATmega16U2 on the board channels this serial communication over USB
and appears as a virtual com port to software on the computer. The ATmega16U2 firmware uses the standard
USB COM drivers, and no external driver is needed. However, on Windows, a .inf file is required. The Arduino
software includes a serial monitor which allows simple textual data to be sent to and from the Arduino board.
There are two RX and TX LEDs on the arduino board which will flash when data is being transmitted via the
USB-to-serial chip and USB connection to the computer (not for serial communication on pins 0 and 1). A
Software Serial library allows for serial communication on any of the Uno's digital pins. The ATmega328P also
supports I2C (TWI) and SPI communication. The Arduino software includes a Wire library to simplify use of the
I2C bus.
Arduino Uno to ATmega328 Pin Mapping
When ATmega328 chip is used in place of Arduino Uno, or vice versa, the image below shows the pin mapping
between the two.

[2021]
e-ISSN: 2582-5208
Fig. Arduino Uno to ATmega328 Pin Mapping

LCD Display :
In LCD 16×2, the term LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display that uses a plane panel display technology, used in
screens of computer monitors & TVs, smartphones, tablets, mobile devices, etc. Both the displays like LCD &
CRTs look the same but their operation is different. Instead of electrons diffraction at a glass display, a liquid
crystal display has a backlight that provides light to each pixel that is arranged in a rectangular network. Every
pixel includes a blue, red, green sub-pixel that can be switched ON/OFF. Once all these pixels are deactivated,
then it will appear black and when all the sub-pixels are activated then it will appear white. By changing the
levels of each light, different color combinations are achievable.
Features of 16×2 LCD display:
 Operating voltage: 4.7v to 5.3v.
 Current consumption is 1mA without backlight.
 Alphanumeric LCD display Module, meaning can displays alphabets and numbers.
 Consist of two rows and each row can print 16 characters.
 Each character is built by a 5×5-pixel box.
 Can work on both 8 bit and 4-bit mode.
 Available in green and blue backlight.
Fig. LCD Display

Fingerprint Module :
The fingerprint module is a key to transform an ordinary access control. It captures, stores and matches the
user’s fingerprint, and can more implement functions through various protocols provided.

[2022]
e-ISSN: 2582-5208
Features of Fingerprint Module :
 Fingerprint scanner is a popular security barrier which can be found in all sorts of high-end devices
that are currently on the market.
 It is fast & easy to use.
 It can be used as an alternative or a complement to those hard-to-remember passwords.
 Power use is low, small in size.
Fig. Fingerprint Module

Solenoid Lock:
The solenoids are simple electrical components and it has many uses in daily life. The term itself is derived
from the Greek name “solen”, which illustrates a channel or a pipe. The second part of the name is taken from
the Greek name “eidos”, which refers to an outline. Basically, it is a component in the form of a pipe. The
solenoid is used in a variety of applications, and there are numerous types of solenoid designs available. Each of
them has their own properties that make it useful in many precise applications.
Features of Solenoid Lock:
 Operating voltage : 12VDC
Fig. Solenoid Lock

III. DETAILS OF DESIGNS, WORKING AND PROCESSES
Circuit Diagram
The circuit diagram of our system is as
Fig. Arduino Based Fingerprint Door Lock system

[2023]
e-ISSN: 2582-5208
Working :
First the Arduino and LCD will be energized using power supply. When the power will energize then fingerprint
module will ON. LCD will show the message as “Insert your Finger”. Whenever anyone inserts the finger on
fingerprint module, the finger will be detected. The Arduino Uno check whether the entered finger is matched
with stored finger data or not. If the finger is matched then the raspberry pi will send a signal to LCD and
displays the message as “Access Granted”, after that the door will be opened. If the finger is wrong, then door
will not be opened. It will display the message as “Wrong Finger or Access Denied”.
Flow Chart
IV. RESULTS AND APPLICATION

Results

[2024]
e-ISSN: 2582-5208
Applications
1. Fingerprint-based security system” project can be used by the employees, staff or workers in various
industries like Automobile industries, manufacturing industries, Software development companies.
2. Home or domestic application: This project can be used to automate the door locking process at our home, so
the user needs not to carry the door lock keys ...
3. Bank Lockers or security safes: Many of the banks use key based or password-based locks for their lockers
or safes.
V. CONCLUSION
The design and implementation of fingerprint-based door lock system is customizable and flexible. This door
locking mechanism is comparatively cost-effective than the available lock systems in the traditional market.
Our fingerprint-based lock system has high accuracy rate and is also quick to recognize fingerprints which
enable seamless integration with the users and provides tighter security. In our country, private and
government organizations are very much concerned about security. Many companies are interested in using
this type of locking mechanism but the system which is available have very high installation cost. Due to this
excessive cost, many small firms cannot afford such systems. Keeping the installation cost in mind we planned
to develop a system that should be affordable to both large and small firms.
This design can be improved by more intensive development and additional features such as more locks can be
added to the system. Thus, we do not need to spend so much for just one lock if this can be used to control
several doorways. A system to save prints without the use of a computer could have been made, but it will
require more parts than the ones we used. In order to maintain security properly, the whole mechanism should
be placed inside the door panel or on the other side of the door. One of the main advantages of this system is its
flexibility. Several other systems can be implemented with this system. The system is very secure. Fingerprints
are unique and the sensor is able to identify all of the prints during testing. There are some drawbacks of this
system such as this system is complicated and difficult to make any change in the hardware as it is a closed
system. Also, it needs high power to operate so providing continuous power through batteries is a challenge
sometimes.
VI. REFERENCES
[1] Shilpashree P.S, Abhishek Kumar Tiwari, Ashutosh Prakash Saurabh Kumar Singh, “Cloud Based
Secured Locker” International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends Volume 5, Issue,
Mar-Apr-2019, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X
[2] Jae Hoon Lee ; Yong-Shik Kim ; Bong Keun Kim ; Ohba,K. ;Kawata,H. ; Ohya,A. ; Yuta,S. “Security Door
System Using Human Tracking Method with Laser Range Finders” , IEEE- International Conference on
Mechatronics and Automation 2007. ICMA 2007
[3] Piash Paul, Md. Abdullah Al Achib, Hazrat Sauda Hossain, Md. Kaviul Hossain “Smart Door Lock Using
Fingerprint Sensor” BRAC University, October 2019.
[4] Anil K. Jain, Arun Ross and Salil Prabhakar. An Introduction to Biometric Recognition. IEEE
Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, Special Issue on Image and Video Based

[2025]
e-ISSN: 2582-5208
Biometrics, Vol. 14(1), January, 2004.
[5] R. P. Wildes. Iris recognition: an emerging biometric technology. Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 85, no. 9,
pp. 1348-1363, September, 1997.
[6] Mary Lourde R and Dushyant Khosla. Fingerprint Identification in Biometric Security Systems.
International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, 2(5), October, 2010
[7] Fernando L. Podio. Personal authentication through biometric technologies. Proceedings 2002 IEEE 4th
International Workshop on Networked Appliances (Cat. No.02EX525), Gaithersburg, MD,2002, pp. 57-
66.
[8] X. Wei, A. Manori, N. Devnath, N. Pasi, and V. Kumar, “QR Code Based Smart Attendance System,” Int. J.
Smart Bus. Technol., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2018. [6] K. Rajesh, S.. Waranalatha, K. V. M. Reddy, and M.
Supraja, “QR Code-based Real Time Vehicle Tracking in Indoor Parking Structures,” in Second
International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS), 2018, pp. 11–16.
[9] Anil K. Jain, Karthik Nandakumar, and Abhishek Nagar, Review Article: Biometric Template Security,
Journal on Advances in Signal Processing Volume 2008, Article ID 579416.
[10] Meenakshi N, Monish M, Dikshit KJ, Bharath S. Arduino Based Smart Fingerprint Authentication
System. In 2019 1st International Conference on Innovations in Information and Communication
Technology (ICIICT) 2019 Apr 25 (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
[11] Baidya J, Saha T, Moyashir R, Palit R. Design and implementation of a fingerprint based lock
system for shared access. In 2017 IEEE 7th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and
Conference (CCWC) 2017 Jan 9 (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
[12] Anu, Bhatia D. A smart door access system using finger print biometric system. International
Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics 2. 2014 Jan 1;6(3):274-80.
[13] Afolabi A, Alice O. On Securing a door with finger print biometric technique. Transactions on Machine
Learning and Artificial Intelligence. 2014 Apr 11;2:86-96.
[14] Gupta RP. Implementation of Biometric Security in a Smartphone based Domotics. In 2018
International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking
(ICACCCN) 2018 Oct 12 (pp. 80-85). IEEE

[2026]

Arduino Based Fingerprint Door Lock System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Arduino Based Fingerprint Door Lock System

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Arduino Based Fingerprint Door Lock System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

e-ISSN: 2582-5208

International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

Fig. Block Diagram of Arduino based Fingerprint Door Lock System

Fig. Arduino Uno Pin Configuration

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

Fig. Arduino Uno to ATmega328 Pin Mapping

Fig. LCD Display

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

Fig. Fingerprint Module

Fig. Solenoid Lock

Fig. Arduino Based Fingerprint Door Lock system

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

IV. RESULTS AND APPLICATION

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science

You might also like