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Table of Contents
2. REC22 & EXPO ACTIVITIES .................................................................................................................... 6
2.1. Opening Ceremony........................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 Conference Opening Speech ..................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2 Ministry Welcoming Speech ..................................................................................................... 8
2.1.3 Conference Main Partners Speech ......................................................................................... 9
2.1.4 Guest of Honor Speech ........................................................................................................... 11
2.2 Technology Development and Deployment ................................................................................ 14
2.2.1 High-Level Round-table Discussion: A Clean Energy Future for All ............................... 14
2.2.2 Delivering Clean Energy at a Time of Global Crisis – Energy Security and Climate
Change ............................................................................................................................................... 15
2.2.3 A Spotlight on the Future: Parish Development Model and Productive Use of Energy 17
2.2.4 Green Jobs: Readiness, Opportunities, and Bottlenecks in the Energy Transition ....... 18
2.2.5 Towards New Energy Systems and Technologies .............................................................. 20
2.2.6 Leveraging and Transforming Water-Energy-Food Nexus Across Farming
Landscapes in Eastern and Southern Africa ............................................................................... 21
2.2.7 Transforming the Lives and Livelihoods of Unserved, Remote, and Rural Communities
by Scaling Off-grid Productive Uses of Renewable Energy (PURE) ......................................... 22
2.2.8 SMEs Role in Scaling Energy Access in the Global South................................................ 23
2.2.9 Last-mile, Refugee and Displaced Communities: Energy for All ..................................... 24
2.2.10 Accelerating Productive Use of Energy (PUE) for Increased Energy Demand
Stimulation and Economic Development ...................................................................................... 25
2.2.11 The Green Rural Salvage: Building a Thriving Decentralized Renewable Energy Sector
in the Face of Energy Geopolitics .................................................................................................. 26
2.2.12 Opportunities and Status of Decentralized Renewables in Sub-Saharan Africa ........ 27
2.2.13 Renewable Energy (RE) for all – A pathway for Uganda’s Just Transition, Climate
Neutral and Sustainable Energy Future ....................................................................................... 28
2.2.14 Reinventing Waste Solutions for Better Future ................................................................ 30
2.2.15 Clean Energy Transition: Critical Minerals and Supply Chains....................................... 32
2.3 Access to Finance .......................................................................................................................... 33
2.3.1 Bridging the Funding Gap to Scale Innovation and Accelerate a Clean Energy
Transition in East Africa .................................................................................................................. 33
2.3.2 Team Europe Support to the Energy Sector in Uganda..................................................... 35
2.3.3 Scaling Finance for Equitable Transition to Clean Energy ............................................... 37

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 2.3.4 Demand Side Results-Based Financing: Launch Event .................................................... 39
2.3.5 Innovative Technologies to Scale Finance for Distributed Renewable Energy (DRE)
Projects .............................................................................................................................................. 39
2.3.6 Biofuels Blending Side Event ................................................................................................ 40
2.3.7 GET Access Uganda: Mini-Grids Project Launch................................................................ 42
2.4 Information and Knowledge Management ................................................................................. 44
2.4.1 Clean Cooking Industry Trends in Africa: Past, Present and the Future Outlook and
Perspectives...................................................................................................................................... 44
2.4.2 Religious Leadership Dialogue on Clean Energy and Sustainable Practices ................ 45
............................................................................................................................................................ 46
2.4.3 People: Championing Community-Led Energy Transition ................................................ 47
2.4.4 Energy Data, Knowledge and Analytics for Actionable Insights ..................................... 48
2.4.5 Promoting Inclusive Energy Engagements: Empowering All Voices .............................. 50
2.4.6 Making Modern Energy Cooking Markets Work for All ..................................................... 51
2.4.7 Role of Science, Technology and Indigenous Knowledge in Just Energy Transition .... 52
2.5 Training, Research & Communities of Practice ......................................................................... 53
2.5.1 Renewable Energy Teens Club............................................................................................... 53
2.5.2 Sustainable Energy Development Programme: Closed Door Donor Working Group
Meeting .............................................................................................................................................. 54
2.5.3 Official Launch of the NREP/Off-Grid Energy Working Group ......................................... 55
2.5.4 Sustainable Biomass Resources: Bio-Economy and Bioenergy ..................................... 56
2.5.5 Local Government Sub-Regional Forum............................................................................. 57
2.5.6 Climate Change and Renewable Energy: Securing an Energy and Climate Resilient
Future for People and Planet ......................................................................................................... 58
2.5.7 Civil Society and Shaping the Energy Transition Discourse: Legacy and Prospects .... 59
2.5.8 International Collaboration on Solar Energy Development: Spotlight on International
Solar Alliance ................................................................................................................................... 60
2.5.9 Debunking the Myths and Stereotypes on Bioenergy: Redefining the Relevance of
Bioenergy in the Transition to a Green Economy, the Case of Biofuels ................................... 62
2.5.10 Create Your Clean Energy Legacy and Pass the Baton: Teens Thrive When they have
Meaningful Conversations with Caring Adults ............................................................................ 63
2.5.11 Youth Dialogue on Energy Transition and climate Change............................................... 64
2.6 Policy, Planning, Standards, Quality, Institutions and Markets ............................................... 66
2.6.1 Grid Efficiency and Resilience: Electricity Theft and Infrastructure Vandalism ............. 66

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 2.6.2 Commitment is an Act, not a Word: The Oil & Gas Industry’s Decarbonization Strategy
............................................................................................................................................................ 68
2.6.3 Towards a Green Hydrogen Economy: Policies and Strategies for Catalyzing Energy
Transition and Sustainable Development ..................................................................................... 69
2.6.4 Charcoal Ban: Bottlenecks and Prospects for Transitioning to Clean Energy .............. 71
2.6.5 Affirmative Action for Local Content: Advocacy for Inclusivity in the Energy Markets in
Africa .................................................................................................................................................. 73
2.6.6 Enabling Environment for Private Sector Participation in Clean Cooking Transition... 74
2.6.7 Promoting a Just, Effective, and Equitable Energy Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa . 76
2.6.8 Strategy for Accelerating Cooking with Efficient Electrical Appliances in Urban
Centers from Traditional Fuels to E-Cooking .............................................................................. 78
2.6.9 Harnessing Access to Clean Cooking Technologies: Private Sector Experiences ....... 80
2.6.10 East African Community: Unlocking an Inclusive Energy Transition ............................. 82
2.6.11 Practicable Energy Solutions for Nature and Conservation ............................................ 83
2.6.12 Innovation and Sinking Emissions in Carbon-Intensive Sectors ................................... 84
2.6.12 Biodigester in a Circular Bio-Economy: Scalability Prospects and Actions ................. 86
2.6.13 Transparency and Regulations: Scaling Energy Projects Amidst Environmental
Crusaders .......................................................................................................................................... 87
2.6.14 Business on the Streets: Spotlight on Private Sector ..................................................... 88
2.6.15 Energy transition in the context of the Global Geo-political Dynamics and Quest for
Structural Transformation in Uganda/Africa ............................................................................... 90
2.7 Closing Ceremony .......................................................................................................................... 91
2.7.1 Closing Speech ......................................................................................................................... 91

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Management; Training, Research &
Development held its 19th Energy and Communities of Practice; and Policy,
Minerals Week at Speke Resort and Planning, Standards, Quality, Institutions and
Conference Centre, Munyonyo, Kampala Markets. The conference had 63 sessions in
from 13th November to 18th November, 2023. total that ran in parallel over the three days
As part of the year’s Energy and Minerals with 315 speakers.
Week, the National Renewable Energy
The conference section was highly attended
platform - NREP held its third annual
with a daily average physical participation of
conference, dubbed the Renewable Energy
about 1,786 people and virtual participation
Conference 2023 and Expo (REC23 & Expo)
of about 467 people. The official opening
from 16th to 18th November. REC23 & Expo ran
session of the conference was attended by
under the theme, “A Clean Energy Future for
1,839 people while the official closing
All”.
session of the conference was attended by
REC23 & Expo event was highly attended 1,794 people. The Expo section had 148
with a representation of participants from energy companies in attendance that
over 33 countries around the world, namely, exhibited E-mobility, Solar, Clean Cooking
Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, and Nuclear Technologies as well as Energy
Ethiopia, Guinea, Rwanda, Chad, Nigeria, Financing Institutions and locally made art
South Africa, Cameroon, Democratic craft.
Republic of Congo, Egypt, Mauritius,
This document, therefore, provides an
Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, China, Israel,
account of what transpired at REC23 & Expo
India, Nepal, South Korea, Sri Lanka,
by thematic area and its respective sessions
Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates,
therein. For every session, the moderator
United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Belgium,
and panellists, topics of discussion,
Austria, Norway, Russia and Sweden. The
highlights and recommendations made are
event attracted stakeholders representing
noted. Each thematic area discussion is
central government (ministries,
presented with cross cutting
departments & agencies), local government,
recommendations made in the sessions.
development partners, foreign missions,
Additionally, the document provides some of
investors, religious institutions, financing
the highlights of REC23 & Expo. The
institutions, cultural institutions, private
document also recognizes the sponsors of
sector, civil society organizations, media,
REC23 & Expo in a special way.
researchers, academicians and all levels of
energy users, from local and international
spectrum.

The conference sessions addressed

pressing issues in the energy sector under
thematic areas, namely, Technology
Development and Deployment; Access to
Finance; Information and Knowledge

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2. REC22 & EXPO ACTIVITIES

2.1. Opening Ceremony

Session Chair: Hon. Daudi Migereko – Former Minister, Government of Uganda

2.1.1 Conference Opening Speech

Speaker: Prof. Lawrence Coreta Muganga – Vice Chancellor, Victoria University

Speaking about transforming the globally, acknowledging its

education systems to harness and indispensable role in the fight against
support the energy transition, he climate change. Called upon participants
remaindered the conference attendees not to renewable energy view as an
that they were not just participants in a option but as an imperative, presenting
conference, but architects of the future an opportunity to leapfrog over
where clean and renewable energy must traditional energy sources to
be the cornerstone of the local and sustainable energy sources. Revealed
global community. Noted that at the that Uganda has utilized a mere 10% or
heart of this kind of transformation less of its renewable energy potential,
definitely lies education. Alluded to the indicating a substantial opportunity for
fact that education is the most powerful further development.
tool available to change communities,
Alluded to the fact that education is the
families, countries and world at large.
bridge that connects ideas to
Further noted that even within the
implementation, noting that with the
renewable energy space, it is education
integration of renewable energy
that must play this pivotal role and the
concepts into the curriculum would
actors include everyone that was in
prepare students to be active agents of
attendance.
change and not just passive consumers.
Highlighted the critical role of renewable Disclosed that Victoria University
energy in academic excellence, citing already included environment and
examples such as students having to energy economics into the curriculum.
walk 20 km to school and the use of Further commented that advancements
kerosene lamps which pose fire risks for in innovation do not just shape the
grass-thatched houses, along with energy systems, but also redefine the
contributing to household air pollution skills and knowledge required in
(HAP), issues that can be remedied by tomorrow’s energy sector and economy.
renewable energy solutions. Noting that adapting to these energy
Emphasized the need to comprehend systems calls for a corresponding
renewable energy both locally and

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adaptation of the education sector to towers, but rather should be somewhere
match them. in the community, in the organizations.
Noting that organizations should be the
He emphasized the need to revamp the
classrooms where education happens.
education systems to actively support
Emphasizing that renewable energy is
the energy transition. Noted that
not just illuminating homes, but igniting
education, as the most potent catalyst
hopes and people’s dreams. He
for change, holds the key to transforming
concluded by noting that we have a part
not just our communities and families,
to play to make sure that these dreams
but also our entire world. Pointed out
and hopes are achieved. Urged the
that by integrating education about clean
participants to apply the knowledge
energy into the community, we would not
obtained from the conference into their
only spread awareness but also cultivate
respective fields of practice,
a culture of sustainability and
underscoring the importance of
environmental responsibility. He
collective action to the creation of a
recommended that education should not
legacy of sustainability, innovation and
be confined in what we know as ivory
hope.

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2.1.2 Ministry Welcoming Speech

Speaker: Eng. Irene Pauline Bateebe – Permanent Secretary, MEMD

Appreciated and welcomed the and distribution to address aspects of
participants, both national and the energy transition, climate change,
international, from far and near, to the and energy access, presently stands at
Renewable Energy Conference and Expo 57%, with a target to achieve universal
2023. Noted that REC23 is in its second access by 2030 and hinted that about $ 5
year running at a bigger scale as part of billion is needed to achieve this target.
the broader Energy and Minerals Week
Indicated that there is urgent need to
under the Ministry of Energy and Mineral
address barriers to the clean energy
Development.
transition like mobilizing patient and
Appreciated the participants for the affordable financing, technical capacity
large turn up at the conference and gaps both in government and the private
thanked the development partners and sector, and strengthening electricity grid
private sector for working with MEMD. system to make it SMART through
digitalization.
Pointed out that REC23 was quite
innovative and inclusive, with sessions Concluded by informed the participants
on key activities for the special interest that regulations on biofuels to support
groups i.e., youth, women, cultural the deployment of biofuels in the
leaders and religious leaders. bioenergy space had been developed.
Emphasized that bringing on board Also, clean cooking interventions and
religious leaders was quite creative and LPG development are underway with
considerate since they have a large various partners. Also noted that the
platform to talk about clean energy. Ministry is working on the removal of
barriers to ensure easy investment by
Noted that the energy sector continues
the private sector within the given
to focus on generation, transmission,
timeframe.

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2.1.3 Conference Main Partners Speech

Speaker: Phillipe Groueix – Country

Chair TotalEnergies & TotalEnergies EP Uganda

Thanked the organizers of the

conference for continuously working and
partnering with TotalEnergies.
Recognized all the participants and
partners that supported the conference
and expo. Pointed out that in 2022, at
TotalEnergies has been active in
REC22 and Expo, a Memorandum of
screening all project opportunities
Understanding was signed between the
within the country, which is to contribute
Ministry of Energy and Mineral
to the development of one Gigawatt by
Development and TotalEnergies allowing
2030.
TotalEnergies to develop one Gigawatt
Renewable Energy capacity in Uganda by Emphasized that the development of
2030. Assured the participants that renewable energy should be associated
TotalEnergies is still trying to deliver this with electrification and electrification
objective. means transmission from the production
point to the consumers. Congratulated
Highlighted that TotalEnergies is
the Ministry of Energy and Mineral
studying the expansion of the Soroti
Development on its efforts to install
solar plant coupled with batteries to
transmission lines across the country.
address the issue of intensity and soon
Noted that the country needs a robust
presenting it to the Ministry. Also
transmission backbone to supply
mentioned that a feasibility study on a
reliable power from the production point
120 MW possible project was done and
to the final consumer.
its report is almost completed and will
be presented to the Ministry by the end Indicated that at Tilenga project,
of the 1st quarter of the year 2024 as a TotalEnergies is working hard to deliver
possible concrete project proposal. oil by 2025. Highlighted that
TotalEnergies included a 15 MW solar
Indicated that the ambition of developing
plant to minimize the use of gas and oil.
a one Gigawatt by 2030 is mainly based
Also informed the participants that s
on the development of large solar PV
project to develop 200 MW watts of solar
plants and medium-sized hydropower
energy
plants. Noted that about hydro power,

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within the perimeter wall lies ahead. possible, with a target of about 8,000 per
Emphasizing that TotalEnergies has year to provide solutions for those who
already solarized its various Total cannot be connected to the grid.
stations.
Concluded by noted that e-mobility is
Appreciated the Ministry for developing mainly for Kampala and that
regulations on the use of biofuels. TotalEnergies plans to install charging
Indicated that TotalEnergies will start points in 30 stations following a study on
with bioethanol and it is currently getting where to install these stations. Further
in touch with the suppliers. Assured the indicated that TotalEnergies will produce
participants that TotalEnergies will be a significant quantity of LPG which is 5
able to commercialize bioethanol before times more than what is got from Kenya
the end of 2024 while for bio-diesel, it in the international market. Once again
will take until the end of 2025. Also thanked the participants for being part of
indicated that a new home solar product the conference and expo.
had been developed and will be sold at
the various service stations and noted
that the price will be as low as

Speaker: H.E Kate Airey – British High Commissioner

Congratulated the Ministry upon a renewables and double energy efficiency to

successfully organized event. Assured a record 1.8 trillion USD in 2023 alone.
attendees of robust physical presence of her Expressed confidence in Uganda's strategic
delegation led by development director, Mr. position to capitalize on this climate
Philip Smith, members of the department for mitigation opportunity.
business and commerce, and climate and
Pointed out that the UK’s pivotal role in
energy team. Expressed the UK's delight in
supporting Uganda’s renewable energy
sponsoring the Renewable Energy
sector since the early 2000s through the
Conference 2023 and Expo.
backing of electricity sector reforms and
Thanked the Minister of Energy and Mineral investments in private sector distribution
Development and NREP for another despite the associated risks. Emphasized
successful conference, noting its continuous that over the last two decades, Uganda has
improvement and timeline in the run-up to evolved into a global leader, with over 90% of
COP28 is remarkable. Highlighted that one of its electricity derived from renewables,
the COP28’s themes as cleaner energy, with primarily hydro, followed by solar and
the UAE leading in developing a clean energy pending wind prospects. In light of a
pledge set to triple the investment in projected population doubling by 2050,

expressed confidence that renewable

energy presents a viable solution to meet
the escalating demand.

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Underscoring the crucial role of the Nexus Green, and Modern Energy
private sector in supporting Uganda’s Cooking Services that are supported by
energy transition, highlighted that the UK to enable cheaper rural
emphasis was placed on attracting transport, reduced pollution, water
private sector investment through de- supply, health center electrification and
risking mechanisms, exemplified by the clean cooking. Encouraged the
successful GET-FiT project that is conference participants to engage with
contributing 11% of Uganda’s renewable the UK companies leading
energy production. Referenced the breakthroughs in the renewable energy
Climate Financing Accelerator, sector, noting that several UK companies
inaugurated on October 2023, that seeks were present at the conference and
to align business-ready investors to willing to share valuable experiences.
support green growth in Uganda.
In conclusion, call for collaborative
Expressing excitement about innovation discussions on the potential of
in the Renewable Energy Space, innovative renewable energy
highlighted partnerships between the technologies, fostering connections,
British government and companies with building networks, and shared learning.
Uganda’s government and private sector, Wished the participant the best of the
citing examples such as Zembo Electric conference and expo.
Bodas,

2.1.4 Guest of Honor Speech

Guest of Honor: Hon. Dr. Ruth

Nankabirwa Ssentamu – Minister of

Energy and Mineral Development

Thank the participants for turning up in

big numbers for such a noble event that
focuses on discussing energy aspects in
the country and beyond. Noted that the
participants presence was a testament
to a shared commitment for a
sustainable and clean energy future,
extending beyond environmental Underscored the urgent need for an
considerations to include economic equitable energy transition through
investments in clean and renewable
growth, job creation, universal energy
energy, along with integrating diverse
access, and improved quality of life.
energy resources for rural empowerment.

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Affirmed the importance of every and with 80% connected to the main grid,
individual in achieving a clean energy and surplus from distributed
future, emphasizing the importance of renewables. Revealed that a $638
ending cultural barriers that hindering million USD loan from the World Bank
the adoption of clean cooking had been secured to facilitate one million
technologies in the country. Advocated electricity connections across the
for income-generating opportunities, country.
highlighting their crucial role in
Regarding Uganda’s prospects,
combating energy poverty.
highlighted progressive improvement in
Emphasized the need to propel Uganda low electricity consumption, plans to
towards a future with universally reduce distribution network losses to
available clean energy. Urged to have single-digit figures by 2040, and
critical discussions and collaborative increase clean cooking technology
efforts at the conference and beyond to adoption to 95%. Other sectoral plans
ensure that Uganda achieves its energy include a national biofuel blending
access goals. Disclosed Uganda's program to achieve a 5% mandatory
participation in COP28, where blending ratio by 2040, and enforcing a
achievements in the country's energy 1% mandatory biofuels blend with
sector were to be showcased. petroleum as a start.

Highlighted Uganda’s significant strides Announced the intentions to extend

in harnessing clean energy sources, clean cooking sector exhibitions to the
from which over 95% of the electricity Parliament of Uganda, aimed at
supply is from renewables. However, sensitizing nationwide constituency
underscored the importance of an representatives. Called for the growth of
integrated approach to the development the renewable energy forum to pave the
and exploitation of all available energy way for sensitization. Affirmed that the
resources to ensure energy security, government's commitment to developing
access, sustainability and affordability. and implementing policies, legal
frameworks, and reforms to enhance
Alluded to initiatives beyond the Energy
sector efficiency, attract investment, and
Policy, aiming to propel Uganda towards
promote private sector and local content
set energy and climate action goals, that
participation for Uganda's just energy
is, increasing generation capacity from
transition.
2000MW to 52,000MW by 2040 for an e-
mobility and electricity-led transition. In conclusion, made revelation of the
Noted that the plan target 50% plan to table the Energy Efficiency and
renewable energy, 40% nuclear energy, Conservation Bill to Cabinet, which is

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aimed at improving Uganda’s energy landscape. Once again thanked the partners and
participants their support towards the energy sectors and officially

declared the conference and expo opened.

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2.2 Technology Development and Deployment

2.2.1 High-Level Round-table Discussion: A Clean Energy Future for All

Session Chair: Eng. Irene Pauline Bateebe, Permanent Secretary, MEMD

Discussants: H.E Kate Airey – British High Commissioner (represented by Mr. Philip
Smith – Development Director, BHC); H.E Maria Hakansson - Ambassador of Sweden;
H.E Mathias Schauer – Ambassador Germany; H.E Anne Kristin Hermansen –
Ambassador of Norway; H.E Jan Sadek – Head of the European Union; and H.E. Monzer
Selim – Ambassador of Egypt

Noted that globally, it is inevitable to process, and public support on the

discuss and commit resources to clean technologies is important. Further
energy. Pointed out that it is currently emphasized that capacity building,
every mission’s area of interest and policies, right partners, knowledge and
several projects are already ongoing and technology transfer and investments,
others are in the pipeline to support the decentralizing the energy solutions are
delivery of clean energy in the country. key in delivering clean energy.
Acknowledged the existent conducive Emphasized that it is important to
working partnership they have with the develop proper financial models, no
government of Uganda that has enabled loans but rather working within the
their missions to encourage investors to national budgets to support the
explore the Ugandan market. Further transition.
noted that several of the companies
Indicated that about 100 million Euros
supported through their projects were
had been invested in the last 5 years in
part of the conference and expo, both as
support of the energy transition. Further
participants and exhibitors. Reminded
noted that in the coming programs,
the participants that they are still
about 250 million Euros is earmarked to
committed to supporting Uganda to
support infrastructure development,
achieve its clean energy access targets.
stronger engagement with the private
Also called upon participants to attend
sector and the government of Uganda to
the different sessions organized by their
provide a conducive environment for
projects and partners that were to share
investments. Also pointed out that a new
more about the running support for the
climate investment fund was established
energy sector.
recently in 2022 to reduce gas emissions
Noted that working on the enabling by investing in the renewable energy
environment for the transition to clean sector in developing countries in the
energy i.e., robust policy, transferring coming 5 years. Hinted that this fund will

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be capitalized with $ 200 million per different countries, but the main goal is
year. achieving a just energy transition.

Emphasized that pooling financial Also, called on the stakeholder to pay

resources as well as developing a long- attention to climate change. Hinted that
lasting energy plan to rely on the energy and climate change are
country’s energy resources is crucial. inseparable and affect each other in
Pointed out that every country should several ways. Reminded participants to
have a transition plan to guide it. To this, enable energy efficient and clean
appreciated the Ministry for having technologies for the sake of their
developed the Energy Transition Plan environment. Noted that one of the main
and noted that they look forward to causes of climate change is the energy
supporting the Ministry in its sector, either directly or indirectly.
implementation. Noted that several In conclusion, highlighted that
initiatives to enhance clean energy have investments in renewable energy
so far been deployed. However, so much remain a big challenge in Africa.
more needs to be done to accelerate the Recommended that investments by the
transition. Highlighted the commitment private sector to enhance the transition
of developed economies to continue to clean energy deployment is crucial.
support to developing countries, Emphasized that the time for a solid
particularly Uganda, in advancing their commitment to sustainable energy is
energy transition. Emphasized that the now. Further recommended engaging in
transition will take different forms for partnerships for a collective solution.

2.2.2 Delivering Clean Energy at a Time of Global Crisis – Energy Security and Climate
Change

Session Chair: Hon. Shartsi Musherure – Member of Parliament, Mawogola North

Constituency

Discussants: Jan Alber – Country Director, KfW German Development Bank; Ivan
Tumuhimbise – Representative, WWF; Antonio Querido – Country Representative, FAO; and
David Otieno – Cluster Coordinator and Head of Program, GIZ Uganda

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Discussed some of the lessons that traditional biomass for cooking is
developing countries could benchmark unsustainable and will have lasting
on to quick-start their energy security, impacts on the country’s climate if not
how countries could balance the need urgently addressed. Alluded to the fact
for energy security with the urgent that the country has lost significant
requirement to meet their Nationally forest cover due to the search for
Determined Contribution (NDC) targets. biomass for cooking mostly. Noted that
Also shared some of the initiatives their although alternative clean cooking fuels
organisations have put in place to are available on market, not many
support energy security and climate people know about them.
change mitigation/adaptation in
Discussed greenhouse gas emissions,
developing countries.
water-energy-food nexus, climate
Highlighted some of the key energy change, energy planning and deployment
projects their respective organizations from the development partner’s
have implemented in the recent years. perspective. Pointed out some of their
Appreciated the government, ongoing projects on productive use of
particularly the Ministry of Energy and energy that support solar irrigation
Mineral Development, for a sustained systems, result-based financing for
good working relationship as well as clean cooking, among others. Noted that
spearheading the transition to clean awareness levels amongst Ugandans
energy. Pointed out that the Uganda about clean energy and its applications
Energy Policy 2023 is indicative of the is still low. Emphasized that
Ministry’s commitment to its mandate of coordination of water, energy and food
ensuring every Uganda has access to nexus is key in dealing with the effects
clean and affordable energy across the of climate change and should be
country. Also noted that such annual prioritized. Highlighted strategies that
gatherings like the renewable energy Uganda could adopt to improve energy
conference have become an avenue for security while advancing the transition
sharing lessons, stock taking and to a low-carbon economy. Called on all
devising solution to the sector’s stakeholders to be the champions of the
challenges, calling on the Ministry to change their desire in their communities
keep it up! and country at large. Noting that
everyone has a role to play and it is not
Recognized the abundant renewable
only the government and its
energy resource that Uganda is
development partners to deliver the
endowed with, but unfortunately has not
transition. Called upon other
been fully exploited for energy
development partners to support local
generation. Pointed out that the
clean cooking company.
prevailing high dependence on

16
Recommended that going forward more growth is guided by government with
resources should be dedicated to appropriate policies and standards.
awareness and behavioural change Recommended decentralization of
campaigns to promote clean energy to energy activities noting that most of the
all Ugandans. Called on the government clean energy related activities are
to investigate and invest in capacity mainly done in Kampala and other cities,
building, distribution value chains, which limits their impact to urban
information gathering and centres.
dissemination, and adherence to
standards. Noted that the sector is still
nascent, it is very important that its

2.2.3 A Spotlight on the Future: Parish Development Model and Productive Use of Energy

Session Chair: Ruth Komuntale – Managing Director, ECOCA East Africa

Discussants: Michael Otim - PDM Secretariat; Capt. Fred Mubiru – Liaison Officer
Operation Wealth Creation; and Paul Okitoi – Commissioner Planning, MEMD

Highlighted that the government is needed to facilitate the successful

currently running several programs, integration of PDM/OWC and PUE
namely, the Parish Development Model initiatives.
(PDM) and Operation Wealth Creation Pointed out that the Parish, being the
(OWC) to uplift the livelihoods of lowest reference unit for planning,
Ugandans. Shared some of the lessons budgeting, and delivery of interventions,
learnt in implementing PDM and OWC sits at the heart of driving socio-
projects. Noted that Productive Use of economic transformation. Highlighted
Energy is one of the ways Ugandans can that the PDM is intended to create
use energy effectively to transform their
Wealth, and Employment as well as
livelihoods. Hinted that unfortunately increase Household Incomes. In relation
PUE was not prioritized in the framing of to PUE, noted that PUE is also looked at
these initiatives. Discussed how PUE as an avenue of creating and increasing
could be integrated and leveraged as a household incomes and employment in
core component in both PDM and OWC addition to being an electricity demand
for a common goal of livelihood stimulation mechanism and rural
transformation. Also noted that policy, electrification driver. Explored suitable
regulatory, and institutional support is

17
approaches for integrating energy faster way of growing electricity
initiatives such as PUE into the PDM to demand, especially in rural areas where
advance community development and electricity supply just arrived.
household income. Noted that an Recommended adoption of subsidies and
integration of PUE in PDM would be a structured financing to support PUE
Win-Win situation for the county at all uptake in the country. Reminded the
fronts. participants that awareness and
understanding of PUE and PDM is still
In conclusion, called upon the
very low in the country. To this, they
government to look into the possibility of
called upon the government to intensify
having PUE integrated in PDM as a core
awareness campaigns across the
area of emphasis. Noted that PUE is a
country.

2.2.4 Green Jobs: Readiness, Opportunities, and Bottlenecks in the Energy Transition

Session Chair: Perez Magoola – Energy Advisor, Open Capital

Discussants: Simone Nyakwezi Rumanyika – Ambassador, African Leadership Academy;

Alex Asiimwe – Commissioner, Labour, Industrial Relations and Productivity, MGLSD;
Margaret Balikagala – Project Coordinator, VVOB in Uganda, VVOB in Uganda; and Dan
Jollans – Economic Adviser, British High Commission

Discussed what qualifies as a green job and jobs for its youth just to maintain the
what sectors present the biggest status quo and questioned the current state
opportunities for green jobs in Uganda. of readiness to the transition to green jobs.
Noted that Uganda needs to create over 1M Hinted on the current level of capacity of the

18
workforce to tap into the green job economy should prioritize green jobs to support
and what gaps are existing. Explored how youth employment. Noting that Uganda is
the various stakeholders could support in often referred to as one of the most
closing the gaps and equipping the youth entrepreneurial countries, thus, it should
with the requisite skills needed. tap into the entrepreneurial spirit and
Emphasized that Uganda as a country create green jobs. Highlighted the

experiences that the different stakeholders Applauded the Ministry and the National
including government, donors, private Renewable Energy Platform for having
sector, and companies in the energy space given the youth a platform at the conference
could benchmark on to foster the evolution to also discuss clean energy. Called upon
of the green economy transition. the government and its partners to invest
more in capacity building as well as
Noted that achieving universal energy involving the youth in energy planning and
access relies on creating and cultivating implementation processes to facilitate the
renewable energy jobs, providing a global growth of their skill sets. Challenged
opportunity to drive employment and officers that consider interns as just people
economic growth. Indicated that technical to file papers and making tea in office.
support is needed to equip the youth with Encouraged them to give such interns a
the relevant market skills to embrace the challenge to try out their skills as well as to
different existent and upcoming green jobs. learn from the practitioners in their field.
Pointed out that more workforce Recommended that partnerships between
investments are needed, especially for training institutions and industry should be
women and the youth. Cautioned that established and strengthened to facilitate a
transitioning to a green economy could smooth collaboration and skills
create, but also kill jobs in the country. development among the youth.
Highlighted several new initiatives working
to build the skills and ecosystems required
by the energy practitioners of the future.
Hinted on the limited number of institutions
in the country that have the capacity to equip
and produce competent youth with the
desired skill sets for the market.

19
2.2.5 Towards New Energy Systems and Technologies

Session Chair: Dr. John Mutenyo, Lecturer, Makerere University

Discussants: Syrine Elabed – Energy Expert, IEA; Musa Mukulu – Manager Research,
and Business Development, UEGCL; Godfrey Bahati – Commissioner Geothermal
Resources Department, MEMD; and Henry Kasirye – Innovation Executive, Mrod Studio

Noted that the energy space is quite dynamic with

new technologies emerging every now and then.
Discussed the approaches that could be
undertaken to facilitate the deployment of new
energy systems and technologies in Uganda.
Scrutinized the country’s preparedness to
embrace new energy systems and technologies as
well as addressing their associated risks. Noted
how the new energy systems and technologies
could aid the advancement of energy transition.
Shared some of the lessons learnt from countries
that have successfully integrated new energy
systems and technologies in their energy mix.

Highlighted the importance of innovation and technology in enabling the transition to low-carbon
energy systems. Focused on technical solutions for electricity systems, such as battery storage,
smart grids, and other technologies, and the enablers required to scale up these solutions.
Further discussed new and less exploited clean energy sources such as nuclear, geothermal,
and floating solar. Highlighted the bottlenecks innovators and promoters of new technologies
endure in the market, ranging from policy, standards, financing to perceptions.

Recommended that government should establish a dedicated energy research, development and
innovation center to support in the testing, calibration, standardization and scalability of the new
technologies. Further encouraged academic institutions to take up research on energy related
subjects such as developing appropriate business models that could be embraced in the rollout
of new technologies. Recommended that government should set aside a fund dedicated to
supporting new technologies in the country.

20
2.2.6 Leveraging and Transforming Water-Energy-Food Nexus Across Farming
Landscapes in Eastern and Southern Africa

Moderator: Dr. Ronald Ngobi – Project Director, WASH & Fenrich Consults

Discussants: George Gift Alibo – Head Programmes, Welthungerhilfe Uganda; James

Mumbere – Policy Advocacy Coordinator, UWASNET; Martha Naigaga – National
Coordinator, Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Water and Environment; Vincent
Sseremba – Country Director, Tulima Solar; and Dr. Enock Warinda – Executive Director,
ASARECA

Noted that it is quite complex to separate trigger social-economic growth and

water and energy given that most areas enable several sustainable development
that are water constrained are also agendas. Explored avenues of
energy unserved. Hinted that the current harnessing clean energy access
climate change threats, water and leverage the water-energy-food nexus
energy security are precursors for food in rural areas, in the sub-region.
security. Discussed the support
mechanisms that ought to be put in place Recommended that government should
to ensure that the Water-Energy-Food strengthen its programmatic approach
Nexus thrives in the global South. of work, which in this case would pool
Shared some of the success stories and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral
experiences of Water-Energy-Food Development, Ministry of Water and
Nexus initiatives that Uganda could pick Environment, and Ministry of
lessons from. Emphasized that the Agriculture, Animal Industry and
Water-Energy-Food nexus approach Fisheries to collectively implement
could improve climate resilience and Water-Energy-Food Nexus projects in
sustainability in rural and farming areas. the country. Also called upon the
government streamline the relate
Highlighted that Sub-Saharan Africa policies to ensure that Water-Energy-
currently faces limited access to natural Food Nexus thrives in the country. Noted
capital, social services, and basic that this space is still at infancy, thus,
infrastructure, compounded by called up researchers and investors to
increased climate vulnerability. explore it.
However, the sub-region has strong
renewable energy potential that could

21
2.2.7 Transforming the Lives and Livelihoods of Unserved, Remote, and Rural
Communities by Scaling Off-grid Productive Uses of Renewable Energy (PURE)

Session Chair: Pauline Cyiza – Renewable Energy and Market specialist, Ayuda en Acción
Uganda

Discussants: Hack Stiernblad – Director of Business Development, SunCulture; Fred

Tuhairwe – Project Manager PUE, UECCC; Carlos Sordo – Senior Project Manager PURE,
GOGLA; Fransisco de Asis Lopez – Country Director, Ayuda en Accion; and Innocent
Lawoko Muno – Energy and Environment Officer, UNCHR
The session commenced with a presentation with access to more beneficial working
on “Wider Framing of PURE in Rural Uganda: capital with the capacity to offer consumer
Northern Uganda RBF Program”. Noted that finance; and governments and international
productive use of energy has been partners providing targeted subsidy
prioritized by government, development programs to improve affordability and scale
partners and private sector actors to operations among low-income rural
stimulate and grow energy demand and as a consumers would enhance PURE adoption.
life transformative initiative. Discussed what Discussed specific roles that should be
the government, donors and the private played by key stakeholders, that is,
sector should do differently to stimulate policymakers, donors, civil society
communities’ appeal for adoption of PURE organizations, private sector actors, and
technologies. Shared experiences on how investors, to accelerate access to PURE
PURE initiatives have contributed to poverty products. Also highlighted specific
reduction, economic development, and job programmatic examples for Uganda and the
creation in underserved areas. Highlighted region.
how off-grid PURE projects could be
designed to ensure inclusivity and consider Recommended that government should
the unique needs and preferences of offer subsidies to both supply and demand
different community members, including sides of the PURE value chain to foster the
women and marginalized groups. uptake of these technologies. Also noted the
need to extensive capacity building in order
Pointed out that PURE technologies and to guarantee technical expertise in rural
solutions have been demonstrated to be areas where such technologies are mostly
transformative in boosting agricultural applicable. Finally pointed out the relevance
production among rural communities. of awareness campaigns to promote PURE
Highlighted that in an effort to boost the technologies. Hinted that majority of rural
adoption of PURE technologies that can dwellers are not aware or familiar with
rapidly transform rural livelihoods and these technologies which deters their
decarbonize agricultural value chains, the adoption by the potential beneficiaries.
right mix of public incentives and private Called upon the government to set up
sector investment must be found. demonstrational centers in upcountry areas
Emphasized that providing PURE companies that support in awareness creation.

22
2.2.8 SMEs Role in Scaling Energy Access in the Global South

Session Chair: Eva Mpalampa – Head Oil and Gas |Business and Commercial Clients,
Stanbic Bank

Discussants: Namutebi Hanifah – CEO, BM Energy; Peter Nyeko – Cofounder, Mandulis

Energy; Ben Odongo – Business Lead, UpEnergy; and Boldewijn Sloet – CEO, SolarNow
Services Ltd. Uganda

Noted that Small and Medium-sized also achieve the targets of SDG 7.
Enterprises (SMEs) are important Explored the role of small locally owned
stakeholders in contributing to global businesses in addressing this complex
economic activity, social well-being, and problem and discussed the different
environmental footprint. Highlighted that types of financing, services, policy, and
the energy sector, SMEs play a role in regulatory enablers that support
extending energy services and products African-led or owned SMEs. Noted that
to the end-users. Discussed SMEs could the tax regime is suffocating their
be empowered to develop and businesses and they are literally
implement energy access projects in a struggling to keep them running
more effective and sustainable manner. considering the affordability levels of
Shared experiences on how the support the target markets.
rendered to SMEs by the different
development partners by far impacted Recommended that government should
their sustainability in the energy market. priority supporting local companies
Highlighted some examples of through rendering them targeted
successful SME-led initiatives that have subsidies, matching them with foreign
significantly improved energy access in companies whenever bids are up out
communities. and setting aside a support fund for local
actors. Called upon the government to
Alluded to the fact that access to energy implement its Buy Uganda Build Uganda
ought to grow faster in order to meet the Policy, noting that more commitment
increasing demand across Africa. from the government to achieve the
Emphasizing that such growth must policy’s targets.

23
2.2.9 Last-mile, Refugee and Displaced Communities: Energy for All

Session Chair: Sarah Basemera – Team Lead & Founder, Raising Gabdho Foundation Ltd.

Discussants: Riccardo Ridolfi – CEO, Equatorial Power; Ben Betele Adrama – Refugee
Energy Projects Coordinator, GIZ; Maria Ossola – Focal Point Support Access to Energy,
AVSI Foundation; Laurynas Vaiciulis – Chief Executive Officer, BrightLife; and Winnie
Lawoko-Olwe – CEO, WilioTrains

Pointed out that Uganda currently hosts over chains and demand-side subsidies
1.5 million refugees from its neighbouring targeting refugee and host communities.
countries. Also highlighted that the Noted that handling of refugee related
government of Uganda considers access to energy needs should be effective in nature.
energy as a right for everyone in the country Emphasizing that all partners should be
but unfortunately areas that often host moving on the same page, clearly
refugees and displaced communities are communicating their programmes for
national grid unserved places. Shared better coordinated troops. Alluded to the
experience on how the efforts to support fact that most districts hosting refugees are
increased energy access in these settings already vulnerable as a result of underlying
have been executed. Highlighted the poverty, limited resilience to shocks, limited
transformational impact of providing energy capacity of local institutions and low levels
to these communities. Also pointed out the of human capital. Highlighted the
best approaches for addressing the energy importance for national and international
access needs of refugee and displaced actors to collaborate to ensure the refugee
communities who may be in temporary or and host communities have a sustainable
constantly changing settlements. energy supply for development.

Explored how to build energy markets that Cognizant of the affordability gaps,
reach the bottom of the pyramid with life- recommended that financial incentives and
changing energy products and services, easy payment modalities like pay-as-you-
drawing from first-hand experiences in go model of renewable energy technologies
humanitarian and other last-mile contexts. should be developed to expand the market
Discussed interesting partnership for increased access to quality energy
opportunities to collectively ramp up products and services. Called on the
sustainable energy access in the hardest- government to intervene and regulate the
to-reach communities. Covered financing pay-as-you-go business model to ensure
mechanisms for de-risking and that both the supplier and end-user are
incentivizing private sector supply value protected.

24
2.2.10 Accelerating Productive Use of Energy (PUE) for Increased Energy Demand
Stimulation and Economic Development

Session Chair: Carlos Sordo – Senior Project Manager PURE, GOGLA

Discussants: Brian Kawuma – Country Director, Power for All; Roy Baguma – Director,
Transaction Execution, UECCC; Vianney Mutyaba – Manager of Pricing, ERA; Florence
Nsubuga, CEO, UMEME; Andrew Kasibante – Project Manager – UGIFT, MAAIF

The session commenced with presentations business inefficiencies affecting PUE in the
on “PUE: Opportunities, Challenges and country and recommended what the private
Recommendations” and “Building up the sector could do to make PUE a
Policy Environment for Productive Uses of commonplace. Also shared ways of
Renewable Energy”. Discussed the recent accelerating the adoption of productive use
development on PUE in Uganda. Highlighted of energy solutions, both on and off the grid
that USAID is leading on the development of across the country. Highlighted what is
a comprehensive National PUE strategy for necessary to support on-billing finance by
Uganda. Also pointed out that the Ministry either utilities or mini-grids. Questioned
with the support of GOGLA, developed and whether the the regulation support on-
launched a Uganda Productive Use of Solar billing finance and what would be required
Energy (PUSE) roadmap. Encouraged the foster PUE uptake. Furthermore, questioned
stakeholders to look up the roadmap and who ought to lead the awareness drive and
see the priority areas the Ministry is sensitization efforts consistently amongst
focused on. Emphasized that USAID Power MEMD, ERA, Utilities (UMEME) and how
Africa and GOGLA are committed to these actors could jointly collaborate to
accelerating the PUE industry in Uganda, progress and ensure on-going sensitization
especially focusing on the and awareness is done on PUE.
recommendations and interventions laid
Recommended that the government, that is,
down in the PUSE roadmap, and the planned
MEMD and ERA as well as UMEME should
National PUE Strategy.
come up with a unified front lead on PUE
Highlighted that PUE presents opportunities awareness creation. Called upon the
for the utility sub-sector and discussed what Ministry to integrate PUE in its rural
utilities could do to accelerate Productive electrification projects as well as make it a
use of Energy adoption. Explored ways of requirement for all mini-grids
ensuring that PUE supply chains, developments. Emphasized the need for
distribution, and quality PUE equipment are local capacity to drive PUE as well as
readily available on the market. Noted that maintain PUE systems, particularly in rural
there are still several challenges including areas.
taxation (regulatory environment), and

25
2.2.11 The Green Rural Salvage: Building a Thriving Decentralized Renewable Energy
Sector in the Face of Energy Geopolitics

Session Chair: Benon Bena, Specialist on Off-grid and Renewable Energy

Discussants: Dr. Steve Kalule – Managing Director, USK Consulting Africa; Olga
Namatovu – Mini-grids Lead, GIZ; Dario Fallara – Board Member, AMDA; Alex Wanume
– Country Director, WINCH Energy; and Telma Nkutunula – Head of Division for Legal
Affairs and Consumer, Energy Regulatory Authority (ARENE), Mozambique

Highlighted thecurrent state of the effectively embraced decentralized

decentralized renewable energy sector renewable energy solutions as well as
in Africa and how regulations regarding learn lessons from their experiences.
decentralized renewable energy are
Noted that energy geopolitics continue to
aiding the promotion of Africa’s Energy
evolve, hence discussed some strategies
Transition. Discussed how decentralized
off-grid communities could adopt to
renewable energy systems could help
adapt to changing energy landscapes
off-grid communities become more self-
and ensure the sustainability of their
reliant and resilient in the face of energy
renewable energy initiatives. Shared
geopolitics. Shared some of the
insights into the status quo of the
successful case studies of off-grid
decentralized renewable energy sector
communities or regions that have
in Uganda as well as green recovery

26
initiatives to make the sector flourish provided to the trainees. Further
and be competitive as the country recommended the Ministry to regulate
transitions its energy systems in the face the technicians in the country in order to
of global energy geopolitics. weed out masqueraders, but also to
professionalize the sector. Finally,
Recommended that the Ministry should
recommended that Uganda National
enact a law to regulate the renewable
Bureau of Standards (UNBS) should be
energy sector and stipulate clearly the
well capacitated, both financially and
parties that are in charge of the
personnel in order to develop and
decentralized renewable energy sector.
enforce standards appropriately across
Called about the harmonization of the
the country.
curriculum for training technicians in the
country, highlighting existing disparities
in the quality and quantity of the content

2.2.12 Opportunities and Status of Decentralized Renewables in Sub-Saharan Africa

Session Chair: Eng. Denis Ariho – Lead Technical Expert, EACREEE

Discussants: Laura Corcoran – Chief Business Development Officer, Aptech; Joyce

Nkuyahaga – Off-grid Advisor, Power Africa's Empowering East and Central Africa
(EECA), RTI International; Eng. Ivan Karau – Uganda Development Bank; Julius Magala –
Energy Access Coordinator, UNCDF; and Bernard Mbaine – CEO, UNREEEA

Discussed available opportunities for renewable energy resources, about 600

investment in Decentralised Renewable million of its people still have no access
Energy in Sub-Saharan Africa. to electricity. Further pointed out that
Highlighted how the private sector could only about 5GWp, which is less than 1% of
be supported to accelerate the the global total, is installed capacity in
deployment of Decentralised SSA, yet the region has the equator
Renewables in Sub-Saharan Africa. crossing several of its countries.
Shared how DRE developers overcome
Pointed out that the main challenges
the existing hindrances to the projects.
affecting the deployment of
Pointed out what needs to be done to
Decentralised Renewables in SSA are
unlock financing for Decentralised
Unreliable electricity supply, limited
Renewables in Sub-Saharan Africa?
affordability, and heavy reliance on fossil
Noted that although Sub-Saharan Africa fuels. Emphasized that SSA requires a
(SSA) is endowed with abundant favourable policy, legal and regulatory

27
environment, and financing to harness Ministry to come up with a law for the
the abundant resources available. renewable energy sector. Also noted that
investment in the development of DREs
Recommended that Uganda should stand
is big, thus recommended the
out amongst the SSA countries and
government to support local companies
adopt a supportive legal and policy
to grow their capacity and competences
framework for DRE. Noted that there is
to be able to develop DREs rather than
currently a vacuum in the regulation of
always relying on foreign developers.
DREs in the country and called upon the

2.2.13 Renewable Energy (RE) for all – A pathway for Uganda’s Just Transition, Climate
Neutral and Sustainable Energy Future

Keynote Speaker: Ivan Tumuhimbise – Country Representative, WWF

Session Chair: Yonah Turinayo – Coordinator - Energy, Climate and Extractives

Programme, WWF International

Discussants: Robert Bakiika – Executive Director, Environmental Management for

Livelihood Improvement; Dr. Hillary Agaba – Director for Research, National Forestry
Resources Research Institute (NaFORRI)/NARO; Madira Davidson Amooti – General
Secretary, Uganda National Alliance on Clean Cooking; and Ibrahim Mutebi - Renewable
Energy Manager, SNV

The session commenced with

presentations on “RE Technical Scenario
for Uganda” that was delivered by Reiner
Lemoine Institute (RLI) and “Renewable
Energy Roadmap” that was delivered by
Heden Engineering Solutions.
Development of the presented
documents was supported WWF
through the Multi-Actor Partnership
(MAP) Platform for 100% RE. Shared envisage energy alternatives and their
experiences, lessons learned, and best effects in the coming years. Noting that
practices/approaches for a sustainable it is useful to identify how the existing
energy future based on the RE scenario energy policy could be complemented
and policy roadmap studies conducted. and how a roadmap for an energy
Elaborated scenarios that could help to transition to the use of RE in different

28
sectors could be defined. Pointed out goals. Further examined the prospects
that the pathways and scenarios were for the widespread adoption of
evaluated to assess the potential of the renewable energy in Uganda. Assessed
available resources to set up an energy Uganda’s preparedness to tackle the
system based on 100% renewable most challenging factors it is likely to
energies by 2050. Discussed and face in its energy transition journey.
launched the RE technical scenario and Highlighted the best tangible scenarios
policy roadmap reports for public or practices that could be adopted to
adoption. achieve a 100% clean energy access in
Uganda in line with the country's
The discourse shed light on the available commitments and targets beyond what
and enabling DRE proliferation policies, was presented. Discussed how the
strategies and guidelines. Included an existing renewable energy policies and
interactive debate on the design and strategies in Uganda could be adopted or
implementation of policies and fine-tuned to contribute to a just
regulations needed to radically speed up transition and a sustainable energy
investments in the DRE energy access future.
sector. Noted that Uganda is at a turning
point in its development and it must Recommended that the only way of
make decisions for its energy future achieving a just transition as a country is
given its wide variety of natural through coordinated planning and
resources, both renewable and non- implementation of energy projects.
renewable. Emphasized that the Ministry should not
just stop at developing policies, but
Highlighted how the private sector and rather proceed and efficiently implement
CSOs could work in sync with the them in conjunction with its partners.
Government to ensure that the Recommended that the policies should
highlighted energy transition pathway is be translated to local dialects to
achieved. Emphasized that for the facilitate comprehension from by
progress of energy transition pathway to layman. Furthermore, called on the
be implemented, monitored and government to undertake awareness
evaluated, significant finances are campaigns on the different renewable
requested. Highlighted how MAP energy technologies, their usages and
members could be consolidated to benefits in order to facilitate mindset
spearhead the fundraising drives for change among the populace. Finally
energy transition initiatives in Uganda. recommended that routine policy audits
Alluded to the fact that transitioning to should be done to ascertain the progress
renewable energy is crucial for Uganda's in the implementation of the policies and
sustainable development and climate guide on areas of improvement.

29
2.2.14 Reinventing Waste Solutions for Better Future

Session Chair: Tom Ssengalama, Team Leader, Nature Climate Energy and Resilience,
UNDP

Discussants: Dr. Miria F. Agunyo – Project Manager, NAMA Biogas; Cathy Adengo – Head
Sustainability, and Environment, Stanbic Bank; Joel Kagina – Supervisor Solid Waste
Management Project, KCCA; Harold Obiga – Director Legal Services, ERA; Eng. James
Maiteki – Manager Sewerage Services, NWSC; and Sunil Agrawal – Project Director
Madhivani Group-Kakira Sugar Works

The session commenced with a ways the knowledge of transforming

presentation on “Success Story of NAMA waste into useful resources could be
Biogas Project and Investment translated into practice. Suggested
Opportunities”. Shared how the project measures that should be taken to
exposed cities and urban authorities in enhance local investment in waste-to-
the country to the appreciation of the initiatives in the country. Pointed out
waste as a resource. Pointing out the how different the learnings from the
appreciation of the waste as a resource NAMA project could inform future
value chain from sorting of waste to initiatives. Explored how sustainable
recovery of resources in form of financing for the next phase of NAMA
electricity, energy for heating, promoting and similar projects could be secured.
the discussion of organic fertilizer and Discussed how banks could support in
even recovery of plastic. However, enhancing the discussion on sustainable
highlighted that waste to energy projects that can positively impact all
conversion is not a new phenomenon groups of stakeholders i.e. youth,
noting that the private sector, women and men.
policymakers, and donor community
Noted that as government promotes waste
involved at various levels. Noted that
to energy projects in a bid to contribute to
these initiatives point to the sustainable the energy security discussion,
management discussion and technologies resulting in use of biogas and
incorporating environmental aspects as biomass to generated electricity have been
well, yet investment is still a major considered and successfully been applied in
challenge. certain cases. Discussed the journey a
potential investor should take to
Explored avenues of the roll-out such a successfully install a biogas to
project to other parts of the country and electricity/biomass to electricity plant that

30
feeds electricity to the grid. A case of Kakira generation. Called on the government to
Sugar Works limited, one of the private develop standards for industrial biogas
sector entities that have benefited from the production and distribution in order to
generation of electricity from waste i.e., facilitate large scale production.
bagasse and feeding it on the national grid
Appealed to the government to
was discussed, where positive and negative
streamline the licensing process for
experiences were shared that other
large scale biogas to electricity
interested investors could learn from.
generation, noting that unnecessarily
Noted that the discussion on waste to bureaucracy is deterring investment in
energy has been globally embraced with this sector.
various regions in the North and South
demonstrating viability through project
that have been successful. Cognizant
that waste to energy approaches could
be a solution for urban areas of the
developing south given the growth
population, urbanization and trends of
waste generation, some of the
measures Uganda could take in adopting
and promoting waste to energy
approaches help her ‘leap frog’ some of
the negative experience the North has
faced were highlighted.

Recommended that the government

should enforce stringent measures to
ensure that all cities, towns and
municipalities efficiently manage their
waste and appropriated use it for energy

31
2.2.15 Clean Energy Transition: Critical Minerals and Supply Chains

Discussants: Chris Lubangakene – Ass. Commissioner Laboratories, GSD/MEMD; Loyola

Karobwa Rwabose – Mining Lawyer, MEMD; Bwesigye Don Binyina – Executive Director,
Africa Center for Energy and Mineral Policy; and Frank Dickson Mugyenyi – Executive
Director Minerals Africa Development Institution

Highlighted how the rapid rise of clean critical minerals is a major issue for
energy has underpinned significant resilient energy transition globally.
growth in demand for critical minerals, Discussed the latest advancements in
citing that clean energy transition research on clean energy and essential
exploiting technologies like e-mobility minerals concerning developing
EVs and renewable energies are economies. Pointed out opportunities for
extremely minerals-intensive scheme. Uganda to utilise its critical mineral
Noted that the competition for clean resources to advance the clean energy
energy manufacturing and supplies of transition. Noted the role geopolitical

dimensions play in the supply of critical ensure a secure and diversified supply
minerals, and how countries could chain of these minerals that will

32
equitably benefit both producing and critical minerals, energy development
consuming nations. Pointed out and deployment activities. Pointing out
strategies that could be employed to that several bills, policies and
ensure that the supply chains for these regulations were passed in the recent
minerals remain sustainable and years. Also called upon the government
environmentally friendly. to support nascent energy technologies
through incentives and championing
Indicated that the astonishing demand awareness and sensitization campaigns.
for minerals is likely to put upward Likewise, support local manufacturing of
pressure on prices, exacerbating the energy components like solar panels to
costs of an energy transition that is enhance job creation. Furthermore, the
already expected to be very expensive. government was called upon to
Explored major issues facing domestic financially support local value addition to
mining, inventing substitutes, recycling, the country’s critical minerals.
and reprocessing. Highlighted the role Finallyrecommended the government to
of innovation in addressing our critical provide capacity building and technical
minerals challenges. assistance to enhance the skills and
knowledge about these critical minerals
Recommended that sector stakeholders
in the country.
should keen interest in the country’s

2.3 Access to Finance

2.3.1 Bridging the Funding Gap to Scale Innovation and Accelerate a Clean Energy
Transition in East Africa

The session was organized by UK innovators scale and attract private

Catalyst to showcase as well discuss it sector investment. The session brought
support to Uganda’s energy sector as together a range of experts and
well as experience sharing by some of innovators to share learnings from
the private sector actors that have so far across the portfolio of 256 companies
benefited from the UK Catalyst fund. addressing energy access and spotlight
Highlighted that to date, Energy Catalyst the successes that have helped leverage
has invested over £120 million of grant over £200 million in follow-on funding
funding to target risky early-stage for Energy Catalyst-supported
innovation that cannot access traditional companies.
finance to bridge the gap and help

33
Some of the benefiting Ugandan companies include Nexus Green, Mandulis Energy,
CREEC, among others, that shared their experiences as well as exhibited their products
at the event. Emphasized that funds are available, but unfortunately, applicants do not
prepare enough before applying and thus end up being rejected.
Recommended interested companies and researchers to always look out for the UK
Catalyst funding calls every year. Hinted that sharing experiences from those that have
already benefited from
the funds could help prospects to develop competent proposal. Indicated that the funding is very
competitive, cautioning prospective applicants to do thorough research and planning before
submitting their proposals.

34
2.3.2 Team Europe Support to the Energy Sector in Uganda

Session Chair: Maurice Mugisha – News Anchor, NTV Uganda

Discussants: Dr. Isabirye Brian – Commissioner, Renewable Energy Department, MEMD;
H. E. Maria Hakansson – Swedish ambassador to Uganda; H. E. Xavier Sticker – French
ambassador to Uganda; Nan Yang – EU Team Leader Energy Development; Jacob
Holmberg; Mark Hurley - Private Director AFB; Jesus Garland – Project Manager Energy
EU; H. E. Mathias Shauer – German ambassador to Uganda; and Mrs. Caroline
Adriaensen - Head of Cooperation EU Delegation in Uganda
Noted that the European Union and its Member States are global leaders in the transition
towards clean energy, as part of the EU’s global commitments in the fight against climate
change. Highlighted that the EU Green Deal - the EU’s policy to achieve carbon neutrality
by 2050 - sets out the road map, strategy and financial resources allocated to deliver on
these ambitions. Further pointing out that it includes the promotion of renewable energy
resources, energy efficiency and energy conservation measures, and research and
innovation across sectors. Additionally, it also aims at supporting partner countries –
such as Uganda – in their efforts to reach the targets set by the Paris Agreement.
Highlighted ongoing and planned support to Uganda’s energy sector, and discussing
challenges and opportunities for the energy transition with key public and private sector
players.
Indicated that as part of EU plans to fight against climate change to achieve carbon
neutrality by 2050, promoting energy efficiency and research in energy conservation
techniques in Uganda are critical areas. Highlighted that data from IRENA shows that in
2022 an additional 42GW of solar energy was sold in Europe compared to merely 1GW
sold in Africa in the same year. Questioned the cause of the differences and noting
measures taken by EU that could be benchmarked on to improve this situation,
especially in Uganda.

Noted that data management and collection is one of the biggest challenges in
implementing the renewability programs in Uganda. Pointed out financial innovation for
sustainable renewable energy development in Uganda as a critical area that needs
urgent attention. Elaborated that Team Europe has supported the private sector to bring
capital

investment in renewable energy sector. conducive political, policy framework,

Also indicated that several domestic and and Uganda’s climate that is attractive to
external investors have been attracted investors. Further hinted on the need for
to invest in the renewable energy sector. electrifying vehicles and bikes in Uganda
Applauded the government for the and highlighted role Team Europe played

35
in supporting this cause, particularly by Alluded to the fact that in 2022, around
offering financial support and capacity October there was an increase in
building. investment in battery selling and
charging points for electric bikes to
Pointed out that Team Europe had
more than 60 locations in Eastern and
managed to improve the efficiency of
Central Uganda and as of November
producing ordinary biomass (charcoal)
2023, there were close to 700 electric
from less than 10% to more than 20%.
bikes on the road and a target of 1,000
Also indicated that there is ongoing
was foreseen by the end of the year.
promotion of electricity for clean
cooking as a way of reducing carbon Emphasized that Team Europe has
footprint by EU in different parts of provided and it is still committed to
Uganda. Highlighted that 17 additional providing the necessary support tools
small hydro electric power and 3 such that Uganda can realize a complete
transmission lines have been transition to renewable energy by 2050
constructed to improve access to through its implementing programs like
renewable energy. GIZ, d.light, Engie Energy solutions and
many more and its currently running a
Informed the participants that Team
huge portfolio of about 600 to 700 million
Europe created a platform for collecting
euros which is ran by only EU delegates.
funds from different people in Europe to
Hinted that Team Europe understands
invest in renewable energy projects in
that the access to these funds by a
Uganda. Also noted that the Ministry of
grassroot stakeholder is still low and it
Energy and Mineral Development
is trying hard to improve it such that
recently wanted to implement EVs in
everyone is able to access these funds.
Uganda with the help of Team Europe to
Also, for these programs to thrive, Team
reduce the carbon footprint but
Europe pointed out that it needs
unfortunately, they did not have enough
dedication from authorities in Uganda.
data for the realization of this project.
Recommended that incentives should be
Highlighted that Team Europe has provided to private sector companies
provided funds to support and provide that invest in renewable energy projects.
adequate skills for both foreign and Further noted that more technical
domestic investors, for example, there support is required for different
was in increase of 155MW of electricity in stakeholders, an indication that Uganda
last 8 years and also the support is still lagging behind in this. Pointing out
increased from 400 million euros to 500 that there is need for more skilling
million euros. Also noted that the EU has among the people especially in new
helped the private sector actors to emerging technologies since the skilled
develop their ideas. people are still low. Recommended

36
extensive training on renewable energy energy transition plans by coordinating
across the country for mindset change. with its private sector. For the sector of
Team Europe urged the Ugandan private EVs and electric bikes to thrive in
sector and the government at large to Uganda, Team Europe urged the
heavily collect data which will later be Ugandan government and private sector
used as information for any renewable actors to heavily invest in construction of
energy project. Emphasized that the charging facilities for batteries.
government should embark on its

2.3.3 Scaling Finance for Equitable Transition to Clean Energy

Session Chair: Dr. Frank Bunnya Ssebowa, Senior Advisor, UOMA

Discussants: Samuel Ocanya – Project Manager EASP, UECCC; Nicholas Kiiza – Sector
Head – Power & Infrastructure, Stanbic Bank; James Otto – Senior Investment Manager
Infrastructure, Uganda Development Bank; and Elizabeth Mwerinde Kasedde – Executive
Director, Equity Bank

The session commenced with a speech delivered by Mr. Roy Baguma - Director,
Transaction Execution, UECCC on behalf of Ms. Specioza Ndagire, Managing Director,
UECCC.

37
Emphasized that clean energy solutions planning, greater coordination among
are needed to decarbonize our actors, and innovative, just & patient
infrastructure and markets. Collectively finance mechanisms – the energy sector
agreed that the bottlenecks to uptake of could unlock greater investment
clean energy solutions are around opportunities. Noted that scaling private
deployment and the cost of integration. finance for the clean energy transition is
Noted the need for innovative policies
crucial. Highlighted knowledge gaps in
and financing models that use public
the energy sector regarding the
funding to de-risk and leverage private
available financing products targeting
capital, reduce the green premium, and
clean energy. Also noted that several
make green solutions cost-competitive.
Hinted that the private sector must take sector players are do not meet the basic
the lead in driving the collaboration on funding requirements, such as
the climate agenda through nurturing bookkeeping, legal status and bankable
and implementing sustainable clean projects. Emphasized the need for
energy innovations. Discussed options financial literacy training in the energy
for de-risking carbon and climate sector in order to enhance sectoral
investments to accelerate and upscale financial competences.
energy and climate action,
recommended sustainable net zero Recommended that sector players
innovations that are affordable for should always approach the financing
reducing the green premium, and how to institutions and consult about the
fast-track the innovation adoption available packages and terms and
trajectory in Africa. Indicated that conditions applicable to them. Called
concessional finance must be upon sector coordinating bodies to work
significantly scaled up and used closely with the financing institutions to
strategically to mobilize the largest organize financial literacy trainings for
possible amounts of private capital in the sector players. Also noted that the
support of clean energy development mismatch in the packaging, particularly
and climate goals. Highlighted the the ticket size and mistrust between the
different funds available such as under financiers and the beneficiaries could be
the Electricity Access Scale-up Project addressed if consultative meetings are
at UECCC that has different components held. Energy businesses should refine
addressing a range of financial issues in their renewable energy projects to
the energy sector. ensure bankability to easily secure
funding from financing institutions.
Argued that achieving scale in the Recommended that bookkeeping by
energy sector requires a holistic businesses should be prioritized.
approach across the value chain.
showcased how with the correct
ingredients – integrated energy access

38
2.3.4 Demand Side Results-Based Financing: Launch Event

The session alluded to the fact that (DGIS) launched a new project called the
Uganda is currently home to over 1.5 “Demand Side Results Based Financing
million refugees, mainly from South Project,” which targets refugees and
Sudan, the Democratic Republic of host communities with modern cooking
Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, and Somalia. as well as solar PV technologies in the
Hinted that refugees live in settlements West Nile sub-region, and other
alongside rural host communities locations such as Kiryandongo, and
across 13 districts, which are among the Palabek.
poorest and least developed in the
country. Recognized the several Subsidies provided in targeted regions
interventions by actors such as lower consumer prices for a range of
Energising Development (EnDev) and quality-certified products including
other humanitarian and development solar lanterns, solar home systems,
partners to address challenges in these improved cook stoves and higher-tier
communities. However, noted that cooking technologies. Through this
significant barriers to accessing modern demand-side subsidy project, EnDev
energy products and services remain Uganda targets to enable up to 400,000
eminent in these communities. people to access modern energy
services and products as well as
As a means of addressing this indirectly contribute to providing energy
bottleneck, EnDev Uganda with funding access to millions through scale up and
from the Netherlands Directorate replication.
General for International Cooperation

2.3.5 Innovative Technologies to Scale Finance for Distributed Renewable Energy (DRE)
Projects

Session Chair: Essien Joel, Energy Consultant

Discussants: Samuel Kaufman – CEO & Co-Founder, SAWA Energy; Edith Kababure –
Chief Manager, Alternative Channels, Centenary Bank; Kenneth Nkumiro – Enabling
Environment Advisor, Chemonics; and Elizabeth Kasenene – Executive Director,
RENTICO
Noted that decentralised renewable role in enabling an equitable energy
energy (DRE) technologies play a critical transition and ensuring energy security

39
for many emerging and developing intentionally interesting themselves in
economies. Shared on the current the energy sector projects as well as
innovative technologies to scale finance building the capacity of their personnel
for DRE projects and overarching to better understand energy projects.
challenges from an investment
Recommended that the Ministry should
perspective that could be addressing
facilitate interactive discussions
through innovation/ innovative
amongst the financing institutions with
technologies. Forecasted the possible
private sector companies on innovative
innovation, particularly technology
and cutting-edge technologies that could
relevant to DRE, looking at the run to the
help attract, de-risk and catalyze
end of the SDGs timeline. Highlighted
investment in the DRE sector in
how innovative technologies could de-
emerging markets. Further
risk and catalyze investment in the DRE
recommended that the Ministry should
sector. Allured to the relevance of data,
get interested in knowing periodically
evidence and learning to
the financing available in the sector by
innovation/innovation of technology.
collecting data. Called on the financing
Decried the limited financial resources
organizations should modify their ticket
in the country that are committed to
funding sizes to accommodate a wider
supporting innovation as well as limited
size of interested clients’ projects. Local
innovative finance. Emphasizing that for
financing organizations in renewable
the DRE to advance steadily, it is
energy sector e.g., UECCC, UNCDF
important for financing institutions to be
should create partnerships and work
creative and come up with innovative
together to reduce scenarios of
finance packages that speak to the
bureaucratic red tape setbacks, and
social needs and status quo. Pointed out
share information about their activities
that energy companies find it very hard
to clients.
to secure finance in comparison to
agriculture companies. Blamed the
financing institutions for not

2.3.6 Biofuels Blending Side Event

Session Chair: Solomon Muyita – Head of Communications, MEMD

Discussants: Disan Kiguli – Principal Energy Officer, Petroleum Supply Department,

MEMD; Mubiru Wilberforce – Sugar Manufactures Representative; Eng. Herbert Abigaba
– Principal Energy Officer, MEMD; and Hosea Nkojo – Supply and Petroleum Affairs
Manager, TotalEnergies

Noted that Uganda is a net importer of currently underway to exploit and utilize her
petroleum products with development fuels under exploration. Stated that the

40
consumption of petroleum products Generally, shared an overview of
currently stands at 78 and 80 million litres Uganda’s petroleum sub-sector,
per month of PMS and AGO, respectively. regulatory Framework, developments
Shared that the Ministry of Energy and and plans. Examined Uganda’s
Mineral Development had developed
regulatory framework for the biofuels in
legislation to provide a Legal Framework to
comparison to other countries and the
support the development of the biofuels
country’s preparedness in terms of
industry, which include the Biofuels Act,
2020, Biofuels Regulations 2022, and policy for the implementation of the
declaration for the Licensing Authority. Biofuels. Further discussed the
Highlighted that these legal frameworks are readiness of the sugar producers to
intended to develop the biofuels for meet the demand once commences with
sustainable use in the transport sector as about 800 litres of biofuel required
part of; promoting the availability of an monthly. Shared experiences from
alternative, renewable energy fuel which elsewhere on handling similar biofuel
preserves the natural ecosystem, the blending initiatives and how best could
biodiversity, and carbon oxide neutral and
handle transportation, blending and
ensures food security in Uganda; creation of
dispensing of the blended fuels.
green jobs and a circular economy.
Questioned what could still be pending in
Further indicated that the Ministry had also order to achieve customer satisfaction
held engagements with the key and confidence to used blend fuel.
stakeholders in the biofuels chain as well as
the potential key stakeholders including the The Minister of State for Minerals
producers, fuel company owners, and appreciated the attendance and
policymakers among others in terms of the commitment to driving the Sustainable
development of the above frameworks. Development of Uganda’s Biofuels
Discussed the roadmap for Uganda’s Industry this far. Further noted from the
blending of fossil fuels with biofuels with a presentations and discussions, that the
focus on the 1% blend of bioethanol with
Ministry has developed legislation to
petrol. Served as a forum for sharing
provide a Legal Framework to support
lessons learned, challenges, and
opportunities in biofuel production and
the development of this industry,
blending. including the Energy Policies; Biofuels
Act, 2020; the Biofuels Regulations, 2022;
and the Declaration of Licensing
Authority.

Further noted that to support the

initiative of blending fossil fuels with
biofuels, as part of the energy transition,
and the decarbonization of the transport

41
sector in particular and the Oil and Gas Concluded the remarks by announcing
sector in general, the Ministry has the intent to commence mandatory
undertaken a consultative process with blending as below.
key stakeholders to discuss the plan for
commencement of blending of the fossil In line with section 3 of the Biofuels
fuels with the biofuels, and as well, (licensing) Regulations, 2022 (No. 129 of
assessed biofuels production status 2022) IN EXERCISE of the powers
across the Country.Asserted that based conferred upon the Minister responsible
on the above process, the Country has for Energy, the Ministry issued an intent
the availability of feedstock that is to issue a mandatory Statutory
sufficient for the commencement of the Instrument for the mandatory use of
mandatory Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) bioethanol for blending with petrol,
program, that is, starting with a 1% by effective start of next FY (2023/2024) -
volume ratio blend (E1), effective start of July 1st, 2024.
next FY (2023/2024) - July 1st, 2024.

2.3.7 GET Access Uganda: Mini-Grids Project Launch

Session Chair: Benon Bena – Renewable Energy Expert

Discussants: Patrick Tutembe – ERA; Fred Tuhairwe – Project Manager PUE, UECCC; Olga
Namatovu – Mini-grids Lead, GIZ; Moses Kakooza – PUE Expert; Idris Tayebi – Director,
NEOT Off-grid Africa; Riccardo Ridolfi – CEO, Equatorial Power; and Peter Nyeko – Co-
founder, Mandulis Energy
The session speeches from: David Löw – Deputy Head of Cooperation, German Embassy;
Gavilan Marin Jesus – Energy Programme Officer, European Union; and Eng. Irene
Pauline Bateebe - PS, MEMD
Eng. Irene Pauline Bateebe - PS, MEM
Shared that the Government of Uganda
received a 35 million Euro grant facility
for the implementation of Solar PV based
mini-grid systems in 140 villages across
various districts of Uganda, including
refugee settlements and Lake Victoria
shores. Noted that the targeted
customer connections under the project
are over 25,000 and the project is
expected to deploy up to 5.3 MW of PV
generation capacity.

42
Highlighted that the Ministry was stimulation and growth, affordability
launching the Project and further intends gaps among the users and access to just
to conduct a market-sounding activity to and patient financing for mini-grid
obtain feedback from stakeholders, projects.
including mini-grid project developers,
appliance financing institutions in the
Solar PV space, and consultants, which
will feed into the qualification
requirements for the project. Involved
sharing of experiences by mini-grid
developers, an in-depth presentation on
the project, discussions amongst the
participants. Shared challenges
encountered such as bureaucracy and
delays in issuing of licenses, demand

43
2.4 Information and Knowledge Management

The session began with a presentation on Stated that some homes in rural areas are
Clean Cooking Industry Trends in Africa by not built for some energy technology
Caroline Amollo. Noted that the future of therefore the need to put that into
clean cooking in Africa is or will be consideration. Indicated that about 65% of
realistically a slow but sure transition due Ugandans use charcoal and 20,000 people
to the difference technological are employed in the charcoal value chain.
advancements between the rural and urban Noted that people end up destroying forests
areas. Emphasized that more efficient and to get charcoal and earn a living which has a
less negative impacting innovations could negative impact on the climate. Emphasized
be adopted by the different communities that there is a lot of deforestation happening
with the help of the government and private at the cost of the environment and bringing
sector especially through providing more about climate change. Called on the
affordable clean cooking alternatives. participants to consider the effects of
Highlighted the need for more awareness climate change and make the right choices
about carbon financing at all levels of the or adopt the right practices e.g., planting the
communities highlighting the various right trees and of good quality.
benefits of this approach.
Noted that the transition process is long
from the traditional or old practices due to

unawareness and the cost that might not be Recommended that government should
favourable to all. Indicated that through revise the electricity cooking tariff by either
awareness programs on the use of stoves lowering its range or increase the lifeline
and benefits of minimizing the use of units to about 40kWh to encourage use of
firewood, involving private sector in the electricity to cook. Called on urban dwellers
distribution of the products and working to embrace the use of electricity to cook as
together with government to provide easy a means of minimizing carbon emissions.
use of improved technology, the transition Recommended the Ministry to intensify
could be fast-tracked. Also, user training on awareness campaigns on clean cooking
the technology was identified as a possible fuels and stoves on the market. Noted that
trigger for demand to encourage since the charcoal ban was enacted, the
communities to purchase the products Ministry has never come out to sensitive
whose functions are well known. people about the available alternatives.

44
2.4.2 Religious Leadership Dialogue on Clean Energy and Sustainable Practices

Session Chair: Peter R. Kakuru – Paster, Watoto Church

Discussants: Pastor Martin Ssempa – Founder of the Makerere Community Church; Rev.
Emmanuel Kalagala – Vicar, Church of the Resurrection Bugologi, Church of Uganda;
Immam Kasozi, Imam, Mawanga Mosque, Munyonyo; Prof. Peter Nyende – Lecturer, UCU;
and Dr. Kaiso Flugencio – Manager Climate Change, Energy and Environmental
Stewardship, Inter Religious Council of Uganda
Emphasized that development has Acknowledged that many people are not
promoted the use of renewable energy aware of the clean energy, noting that
to meet the needs of today without the concept of clean energy is
interfering with the future needs. Noted centralized in urban centres and not in
that most of energy widely used is rural. Highlighted that the issue of wrong
unreplaceable (fossil fuels), thus, it is attitude toward clean energy still affects
people and needs to be tackled
important to think of people who are
immediately. Asserted that religious
coming after the present generation.
leaders can be good ambassadors and
From a religious perspective, noted that
champions of renewable energy. Further
religious leaders have a duty to protect
pointed out that renewable energy
the environment, asserting that if energy technologies are not expensive per say,
is not used sustainably, then even but the initial cost is often prohibitive.
religion is under threat. Pointed out the Called on the government to make these
contentment nature of lifestyle that technologies affordable. Also required
needs to be reminded about their that government to foster education on
environment. renewable energy in order to build

45
knowledge and acceptance amongst the products on market are of standard to
people. avoid market distortion.
Alluded to the fact that religious leaders
are influential, who exist for the good of
our community. Emphasizing that this
category of people is an untapped force
in the advancement of renewable energy
adoption in the country. Collectively
pointed out that there is need to take
influential people like religious leaders
to partner and be ambassadors of
renewable energy technologies.
Recommended that the Ministry should
endeavor to work closely with the
religious leaders in promoting
renewable energy in the country. Called
on the Ministry to train religious leaders
on renewable energy so that they could
have the basic knowledge and skills to
share with their congregants. Requested
the government to ensure that the

46
2.4.3 People: Championing Community-Led Energy Transition

Session Chair: Najja Nasif, District Speaker, Wakiso District Local Government

Discussants: James Bond Kunobere – Environment Minister, Buruuli Kingdom; Collins

Muttu Atiko – Secretary General, Acholi Kingdom; Teddy Nabakooza Galiwango –
Environment Board Member, Buganda Kingdom; Robert Byaruhanga – Oil & Gas
Manager, Bunyoro Kingdom

The session commenced with a Keynote speech from Owek. Mariam Mayanja Nkalubo,
Environment Minister, Buganda Kingdom.

Highlighted the growing consensus that Pointed out that the Kingdom of Buganda
effectively tackling the energy transition launched the “Ekibira Kya Kabaka”
initiative in order to boost the efforts to
and climate change crisis, requires the
conserve the environment. Highlighted
support and scale of solutions that
that Buganda Kingdom has adopted the
indigenous people, local communities,
use of solar as source of light, solar
and grassroots initiatives offer. Noted
dryers, and powering water pumps to
that indigenous peoples and local improve the availability of water for
communities are a critical part of the agriculture. Also hinted that in the
solution, despite not always being Buganda Kingdom, the Kabaka Education
equitably involved in the discourse. Fund has helped to educate the youth in
Emphasized that culture evokes the various institutions in a range of
emotion, stimulates imaginations, fields such as environment and energy.
generates images of ourselves and of Called on the government extend
possible futures, and thus shapes our financial support to the local
brains and therefore holds immense communities. Indicated that capacity
power to influence and transform what building trainings are still needed on the
people aspire to, what they expect, and technical aspects of the renewable
what they consider essential in the energy technologies.
moment and over time. Highlighted that as cattle population in
the Bunyoro region grows, biogas
Pointed out that in the past, as the
production has also gone up. However,
women cooked using their local stoves,
financial constraints and limited
some would put stones in the fire as food
technical know-how remain the
gets ready and when cooking would be
underlying challenges in adopting the
done, these stones are then removed
technology. Noted that in Bunyoro, locals
and put in a basin of water to warm the
with no electricity have been advised to
water for bathing. Noted that this
take up solar home systems and they are
practice is no more in the present
doing so. Further pointed out that
generation.
Bunyoro Kingdom had partnered with

47
the government to build a geothermal Ministry to carry out awareness
power plant. campaigns in order to bring out mindset
change among the people.
Alluded to the fact that there is abundant
sunshine in the country since Uganda Recommended that cultural institutions
lies along the Equator and also there are should not be left out of the decision-
numerous hydropower resources, but all making process, particularly concerning
these have not been put to full use to clean energy technologies, noting that
benefit Ugandans. Highlighted the they have a big mass of people that they
challenge of some infrastructures being influence in decision making. Encourage
destroyed, which affects the steady the government to set up vocational
supply of electricity. Called up institutions to teach the local
government to establish surveillance communities on renewable energy.
systems to safeguard against Recommended that sensitization on the
infrastructure vandalism and theft. improved stoves is needed so as the
local communities can embrace the new
Pointed out that most women have it in
technologies. Emphasized that capacity
mind that when cooking Matooke, one
building programs should be put in place
need to leave it to stay on the charcoal
to facilitate grassroot presence of
stove for some time (simmering) in
people with technical know-how on the
order for it to have the taste that they
clean energy technologies.
want. Therefore, this creates a challenge
to the cooking alternatives such as
electricity and gas. Called upon the

2.4.4 Energy Data, Knowledge and Analytics for Actionable Insights

Session Chair: Dr. Suzan Mary Abbo, Managing Director, CREEC

Discussants: Andrew Wilobo – Program Partner Digital Economy, Mastercard

Foundation; Henry Obwoya – Digital Finance Expert; Richard Muhangi – Principal
Surveyor and Head GIS Unit, MEMD; and Mark Shibuka – Senior GIS Officer, UEDCL

Noted that availability of energy data associated with manual data collection
online has eradicated the need of and update. Pointed out the need for data
surveys. Highlighting that such data also portals to make data acquisition
has the feasibility studies. Emphasized seamless because it is the right of every
that it is imperative to have an citizen to access this data. Noted that the
ecosystem that has data available, most expensive phase in the data cycle
accessible to anyone interested, correct is the interconnection. Cited an example
and generative data mechanisms that not all data is available from UEDCL
without necessarily incurring costs due to data privacy and legal reasons.

48
Emphasized the need for challenge to the energy sector and the
interdisciplinary engagement to allow country at large.
for information flow to support decision
Recommended more outreaches to
making from the research side, business
institutions of learning to avail
side and policy side. Knowledge
information on the energy transition
management in the energy sector has
because incorporation of the same into
created opportunities for investment. All
the curriculum may take time.
decisions should be data driven such
Emphasized that the government should
that the discussions are not emotional
incorporate collection of feedback from
and screaming on top of voices.
the public to better understand how to
Pointed out that the energy sector has attend to their energy data requests.
quite a large and dynamic data bank i.e. Recommended prioritizing the
the target is moving for example development of interactive data portals
distribution grid involving replacement to make data acquisition seamless and
of transformers, connection of new possible with any end user. Pointed out
customers. This generates a lot of data. the need for knowledge sharing in a
Practical scenarios at UEDCL such as platform where decisions are made to
dealing with large investments attract low-cost capital, renegotiate,
opportunities on grid systems such as reach to development partners and
EACOP with various stakeholders such redirect regulators to correct prices.
as UNOC. Noted that there have been There is need to understand why the end
extensive collaborative sessions where user is not using the available
data has been a key player. Highlighting technologies presented by government
that the simulation of the grids to know i.e. address mindset change. Develop
the best sites for deployment of heating methodologies and metrics that
stations required a lot of data. demonstrate return on investment to
demonstrate financial sense of the
Pointed out that CREEC has been tying to
energy data.
make business sense from the data.
Noting that a lot of skilled and competent
people are present in the country but
their efforts cannot be monetized or
create revenue flows from their works.
Highlighted that some investment
partners hold back on information in a
specific way that they do not know what
the information would be used for. Noted
that data management remains a key

49
2.4.5 Promoting Inclusive Energy Engagements: Empowering All Voices

Session Chair: Priscilla Regina Nalwoga, News Anchor, NTV Uganda

Discussants: Eng. Judith Nayiga Ssengendo – Director Technical Regulation, ERA; Emilly
Nakamya – Business Planning and Performance Manager, Uganda National Oil Company;
and Hon. Dr. Miria Matembe – Former Member of Parliament, Uganda

Noted that the government remains are highly placed have not handheld
committed to empowering all fellow women. Pointed out that several
Ugandans irrespective of their women groups exist in the energy sector,
gender, race, and diversity. However, but on the contrary, little or no impact is
hinted that women involvement in
visible in regard to more women
energy remains low. Encouraged
assuming higher positions. Called on
women not to wait to be called on to
join the energy discussion, but should such groups to work together and
their way to the discussion. Cited the empower each other in order to achieve
affirmative action policy and regretted their mandate. Emphasized that a just
say that the women that benefited energy transition cannot be achieved
from it did not labor to support fellow unless all parts of society equally
women to raise up the ranks. Noted participate in the sustainable energy
that often women fight fellow women, discussion. Called on men to create
they seem not to be wishing them well space and boost female participation in
unfortunately.
a masculinized sector through the
Mentioned that women in the energy provision of a platform to share their
and extractives formed a network. experiences, challenges, and lessons
Highlighted that the network is learned. Hinted the need for a
intended to encourage more women
commitmet on gender transformation.
to join the energy sector and stand
out. Welcomed all women to join the Recommended that government should
network so that they could hand hold give women audience and take into
each other. Decried the fears among consideration their views, particularly in
women that the energy sector
the energy sector. Called on the Ministry
involves too much walking and lifting
of equipment, which is a myth. Called
on the girls to do courses in science,
technology, engineering and
mathematics (STEM) and never look
down on themselves.
Noted that it is evident that advocacy for
women's participation has deteriorated
in recent years and likewise, women that

50
to intensify awareness campaigns in government to take action on men that
schools in order to encourage more girls sexually abuse women at their
to join the energy sector. Called on for respective workplaces. Encouraged
more platforms that allow women to women not to shy away and avoid airing
freely air out their views and participate out their struggles and mischiefs.
in decision-making. Called on

2.4.6 Making Modern Energy Cooking Markets Work for All

Session Chair: Janney Nabanoba – Administrative Assistant, CREEC

Discussants: Gorreti Nakiwala – Champion, Women in Renewable Energy Assoc/CREEC;

Sarah Kiggundu – Energy Saving Stoves Champion, Joint Energy and Environment
Projects; Nakato Leticia – Team Leader, Katoogo Women Group, Mbuya; and Phiona
Namara – Food Vendor, Makerere Kikoni Market

Highlighted that clean cooking to share their experiences, challenges,

technologies are not the preserve of the and opportunities of using clean cooking
rich and middle-income classes alone, technologies in ghetto areas.
but everyone human being. Showcased
the role integrated energy planning can Noted that as people in the ghettos and
play in expanding access to clean markets, they never get a chance to be
cooking, using the experiences of heard when it comes to issues of energy.
women from ghetto areas that use or Pointed out that ever since charcoal was
supply clean cooking technologies. banned, they have struggled to sustain
Discussants used their native languages their businesses and families.

Appreciated the different institutions They called upon the Ministry to extend
such as CREEC, JEEP, NREP, among outreaches and trainings on clean
others that have reached out to them to cooking to the ghettos and markets
support them. Alluded to the fact that because these are areas of the most
they had been trained to make vulnerable and poor people that are
briquettes and improved cook stoves. struggling to meet their energy needs.
Decried the cost of machinery for Asked the Ministry to translate the
making briquettes which is beyond their promotional material and any material it
affordability range, noting that their daily puts out to the local language to enable
production is limited because they have even the unlearned to comprehend it,
to manually make the briquettes. The emphasizing that energy is not for only
called on the participants to support the learned, but all Ugandans.
them acquire these machines.

51
2.4.7 Role of Science, Technology and Indigenous Knowledge in Just Energy Transition

Session Chair: Priscilla Regina Nalwoga, News Anchor, NTV Uganda

Discussants: Dr. Miria Agunyo – Project Manager, NAMA project; Dr. Ruth Atuhaire –
Head of Department, Energy Science and Technology, MUBS; Dr. Sara Namirembe –
Executive Director, STEPUP Standard Limited; and Prof. Elizabeth Balyejusa – Director,
Directorate of Research Partnerships & Innovation, UCU

Highlighted that science, technology, Academicians demonstrated how they

and traditional knowledge are important have used scientific analysis to
for the clean energy transition. Shared understand the impacts of energy
experiences from academic and systems and climate change on
research organizations as well as social community livelihoods. Focused on how
settings across Africa, and options for to develop a scientific hub for energy
systems that are more human-centred, research and assess how academic
and culturally sensitive. Noted that it is institutions could be successful in
crucial to connect clean energy developing partnerships in energy
initiatives to ecological networks to research, and what is needed to
catalyze long-term viability, sustainable harmonize efforts to advance
development, and improved well-being. collaboration in implementing research
findings. Discussed the current state of
Discussed successful initiatives that
energy education and capacity building
integrated indigenous knowledge into
and efforts to make quality skills
renewable energy projects, sharing
indigenous ways of cooking, preserving development accessible to all. Further
heat and cooling that overtime been discussed how to facilitate community
abandoned yet could still be useful. organizational development to promote
Highlighted that plans are underway to clean energy transformation and natural
document and archive some of the resources conservation, how to
indigenous knowledge and skills that promote an alternative framework for
could be pivotal in sharping the energy the coexistence of communities, energy
transition. Emphasized that energy needs, and biomass, and how to
transition is not during away with promote science and technology and
indigenous knowledge, but rather should indigenous knowledge to facilitate
catalyze the former. sharing of energy and conservation
innovations. Explored connectivity, and
innovations to accelerate energy-

52
inclusive interventions and look to that energy transition should be looked
opportunities to capitalize on to secure at a case-by-case basis. Noting that
a connected and energy-resilient each country ought to define its
communities’ nature and people. transition framework and strategize
accordingly in order to achieve its set
Hinted that UCU and MUBS, for instance targets. Otherwise, the bandwagon
had begun course on energy economics approach to energy transition will never
and other energy disciplines to train work for developing countries such as
graduates in energy as their contribution Uganda.
to the country’s social, economic and
Recommended that the Ministry should
industrial development as well as
establish strong ties with the academic
energy transition readiness. Noted that
and research institution in order to
generally, the country has limited
personnel with technical know-how on enable exchange of data, collective
energy, with very few experts at PhD development of research agenda,
level. Decried brain-drain challenges impactful and informative research
whenever the universities send out their undertaking, appropriate packaging and
staff to pursue further studies. Called on dissemination of findings, data-based
the government to be intentional and decision-making and policy
support staff training at university level development. Called up sector players,
as well as funding research and that is, development partners, private
innovation. sector, civil society and policy makers to
In reference to the energy policy, noted work closely with the academicians for a
that the policy is quiet about indigenous harmonized and coordinated
knowledge, which makes it challenging undertaking of planning, implementation
to even establish mechanisms of and development of the energy sector.
exploring such knowledge. Pointed out

2.5 Training, Research & Communities of Practice

2.5.1 Renewable Energy Teens Club

Session Chair: Dr. Sara Namirembe – CEO & Founder, StepUp Standard

Discussants: Lia Rogers – Luigi Giusanni High School; Elijah Bongole – Makerere College
School; Kirsten Murungi – Grace High School; Neema Buwaga – Hope Senior School;
Nissi fuorr – Shiloh International School; and Janet Wangui – St. Charles Lwanga S.S.
Mubende
Emphasized that teens are an integral programs, but unfortunately no one
part of change in the renewable energy cares about what teenagers say. Noted

53
that some schools do not have the Recommended that teens should be
passion for renewable energy programs. involved more in the renewable energy
Also, some students study renewable programs by equipping schools with the
energy just for the sake of getting marks, leaning resources to facilitate such
but not to put to use the skills they learning. Called on the parents to join
acquire. Pointed out that there are some hands with the government to promote
students who cram class notes and also and fund renewable energy ideas from
read past papers to just know how to the young generation of the country.
pass the subject/ course without Recommend that the government should
understanding the real principles. encourage and promote practical
Mentioned that it is wise for students to sessions in subjects and courses that
practice the discussed ideas about are energy related. Shared that most
renewable energy in their holidays. students waste a lot of time during
holidays on watching movies and
Alluded to the fact that about 7.5 million
sleeping. Suggested that students could
Ugandans are teens. Noted that most
use this time to do important things, for
ideas shared by teens are never been
example getting involved in different
implemented as the parents and the
renewable energy programs. Called on
government keeps giving excuses of
renewable energy companies to always
limited funds. Looking to rural schools
involve teenager in their projects so that
noted that several of them not even
they can get chances to share their
connected to the national grid, denying
knowledge.
young people a right to clean and reliable
energy generated from renewable
energy sources.

2.5.2 Sustainable Energy Development Programme: Closed Door Donor Working Group
Meeting

This closed-door discussion brought together Heads of Foreign Mission, development

directors, heads of cooperation and Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development
management to take stock of the support to Uganda’s energy transition as well as to
affirm their commitment going forward. Involved sharing lessons learnt, challenges and
remedy mechanisms established.

The discussions Centred on the importance of donor organizations in the sustainable

development of energy and as well as the need to ensure exchange of information
between donors and the governments on the needs and opportunities for energy

54
investments. Discussed the framework for coordination with donors, international
financial institutions and international organizations, a key ingredient to boosting aid
effectiveness and developing capacities in Uganda.

2.5.3 Official Launch of the NREP/Off-Grid Energy Working Group

Session Chair: Alexander Komaketch Akena – Institutions Expert, BGFA

Discussants: Jeroen Van der-linden – Team Leader, NIRAS; David Njugi – East Africa
Regional Representative, GOGLA; Dr. Brian Isabirye – Commissioner, Renewable Energy
Department, MEMD; and H.E. Maria Hankasson – Ambassador of Sweden

In response to the evolving off-grid sector. Noted that the task force targets
energy landscape in Uganda, the Off- the provision of sustainable clean
Grid Energy Working Group was energy services for underserved people
established as a vital initiative under the in rural and urban areas and aims at
National Renewable Energy Platform mobilizing the private sector and
(NREP), in collaboration with various accelerate market for off grid energy
partners. This session that was investment and enabling sustainable
sponsored by the BGFA program and business and accelerating energy
supported by Sweden and Denmark, access. Furthermore, will provide
marked the official launch of the Off- market insights, standards and best
Grid Energy Task Force. Noted that the practices including catalysing policies.
Off-Grid Working Group, operating
Noted that the role of economic
within NREP, will serve as a central hub
development could be a catalyst to foster
for the exchange of experiences,
energy sector and energy transition.
knowledge, and information related to
Recognized MEMD for giving renewable
off-grid energy solutions. Emphasized
energy and specifically off-grid energy a
that it will also keep a watchful eye on
platform. Affirmed continued funding for
regulatory and policy developments.
the off-grid platform through the BGFA
Pointed out that the task force is meant (Beyond the Grid Fund for Africa).
to create market changes through Emphasized that supported by robust
engagements for addressing barriers and effective data collection and analysis
and will contribute to policy regulatory mechanisms and systems
framework in Uganda, facilitating off- mainstreamed to inform better public
grid energy investment by the private and private investment in frontier

55
markets, the task force is poised to aggregation, monitoring of performance
succeed. and quality of service delivery by private
sector players. Noted that sharing of
Called up increased coordination data and lessons learned would be
between government institutions, crucial in informing policy and
international donor programs and the prioritization of market supporting
private sector to inform priorities for measures. Recommended sector
market development measures. support through facilitating TA, capacity
Recommended the government to pay building, knowledge exchange
attention to data collection and

2.5.4 Sustainable Biomass Resources: Bio-Economy and Bioenergy

Session Chair: Arthur Makara, National Coordinator, Uganda Biotechnology and

Biosafety Consortium (UBBC)

Discussants: Dr. Ephraim Nuwamanya – Senior Researcher, NARO; Praviin Kekal –

Managing Director, Bukona Agro-processors Ltd.; and Dr. William S. Kisaalita – Founder,
Thermogenn & Lecturer, UCU

Emphasized that agriculture is the husks, ground nut shells, coffee husks,
source of food generation for Uganda. etc. for energy generation. Further
Highlighted that bio-economy means stated that animals waste could be used
biological use of resources that we have as a feedstock to generate biogas.
been damping. Noted that crops also
provide waste or residue for other Submitted that ethanol is currently
economic use like biofuels production. manufactured in Nwoya district and sold
Also, the residue could be used for in Kenya. Encouraged participants to
generating fibres, wall hanging, cover embrace ethanol as a cooking fuel,
bulbs, and generating hair extensions noting that it burns with a blue flame that
for the ladies. Decried that some of is appropriate for cooking. Indicated that
these major resources are neglected yet strategies are needed to have ethanol
they could be useful in building energy consumed in Uganda. Called on the
resilient economy. For instance, plant Ministry to create awareness on ethanol.
materials that is not finding its way in to Highlighted that ethanol production has
the energy mix easily is bamboo. Noted created market for the cassava farmers
that bamboo grows within a short time due to the demand for cassava as a
and can be used. Hinted that other feedstock. Cautioned participants of the
countries are using elephant grass, rice challenges of selling all their cassava,
which is food, to ethanol producers that

56
such a move will expose them to food afford them. For instance, noted that
shortage and hence starvation. bamboo needs technological innovation
for it to burn slowly. However, people
Noted that sustainable production and want or demand for what burns like the
utilization of biomass resources for traditional firewood. Hinted that bamboo
solid (charcoal, wood, etc.) and liquid is produced at lower cost so that it can
(biofuels) is critical to avoid causing compete with charcoal.
indirect land use change emissions.
Recommended the development of Recommended that the Ministry should
systems of low indirect land use change develop policies that work for all and all
emissions risk certification, such that technologies. Called on the Ministry to
rules are set allowing certification of look into the use of biomass for heating
projects that could deliver additional and electricity generation. Noted that
biomass without impacting existing there is need to regulation the use of
markets. Hinted that Low indirect land food crops for energy production before
use change emissions risk production the country faces food scarcity and
approaches include restoring low- starvation. Emphasized the need for the
quality land, improving crop productivity, Ministry to carry out awareness
and implementing novel agricultural campaigns on the different energy
approaches like intercropping. technologies and fuels so that the public
can appreciate their benefits. Called on
Hinted on the challenged faced in the the government to offer subsidies on
bio-economy, noting that establishing a nascent technologies so that their
value chain all the way from production production machinery becomes
to end user is hard. Further noted that affordable and enhance mass
the machinery required to process and production in the country.
produce at large scale very expensive
and not many actors in the sector can

2.5.5 Local Government Sub-Regional Forum

The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development in partnership with GIZ organized the
Energy Decentralization Sub-Regional Forum with the objective of sharing updates
since the last forum in November 2022 and to work on the draft strategy to improve the
operation and maintenance of renewable energy systems in social institutions under
District Administration. The forum attracted participants from MEMD, Ministry of Local
Government and District Local Governments. District Energy Focal Persons and District
Planners came from the 22 Decentralization Pilot Districts, namely, Adjumani, Agago,

57
Amolatar, Alebtong, Apac, Arua, Dokolo, Gulu, Kitgum, Koboko, Kolo, Lamwo, Lira,
Maracha, Moyo, Nebbi, Otuke, Oyam,Pader, Soroti, Yumbe, Zombo, and Obongi to
participate in the forum.

Focused on energy Mainstreaming, planning and budgeting and coordination of clean

energy in the various sectors at Central and Local Government levels. Highlighted that
this is crucial for the success of increasing access to clean energy. Also, the forum
shared experiences, lessons learnt and challenged encountered by district energy focal
persons and district planners. The forum also had several capacity building sessions to
equip the participants with the relevant skills.

2.5.6 Climate Change and Renewable Energy: Securing an Energy and Climate Resilient
Future for People and Planet

Session Chair: Acago Bernadette Virginia, CEO& Founder, BernaAcago foundation

Discussants: Asha Pauline – Executive Director, Environmental Alert; Aaron Werikhe –

Climate Financing Unit, MoFPED; Arthur Ssebbugga Kimeze – Climate Resilient and
Green Growth Lead, GGGI; Piya Shrestha Resha – British Embassy, Nepal; and Tony
Ninsiima – Bwiidi conservation

Pointed out that diversification of not have to encroach on wetlands and

technologies in energy generation is cutting down trees for charcoal. Hinted
paramount. Noting that it is risky for that if government truly wants to promote
countries that are vulnerable to climate renewable energy technologies, it should
change to depend on only one type of reduce taxes levied on imported
technology for energy generation. Hinted renewable energy technologies. Likewise,
that increasing public financing and there is need to attract more international
foreign direct investments in renewable and local financing to support quick-start
energy projects will support energy mix the energy transition in the country.
diversification. Called on the
strengthening of Uganda’s adaptive Emphasized that people are not aware of
capacities. Emphasized that climate government policies on climate change.
Stated that the environment degradation
education is very important at rural levels.
question in Uganda is not for the poor, but
Noting that engaging people that are
rather it is for the whole national.
directly facing challenges of climate
Discussed the global strategy for
change in negotiations through
adaptation and mitigation to secure
conferences and discussions is the way to resilient energy and ecosystems for
go. Called on the government to develop people and the planet in Africa. Shared
policies and conditions where people do thoughts on managing energy market

58
ecosystems for increased resilience and by the challenges of climate change
low-carbon communities. Also discussed should be involved in negotiations and
how nature-based solutions represent an international conferences like COP 28.
opportunity for clean energy and climate Also emphasized the need to involve the
adaptation and mitigation goals, and how youth and grassroot people. Government
DRE certification could be an innovative should enhance on climate education,
tool for clean energy and climate make people aware of different policies in
mitigation and adaptation. Additionally, place regarding the environment
shared lessons learnt on carbon financing conservation. Highlighted the need to
to drive more impactful actions in Africa. focus on mitigation strategies and
adaptation strategies, planting of more
Recommended to the government that the
trees.
common people that are directly affected

2.5.7 Civil Society and Shaping the Energy Transition Discourse: Legacy and Prospects

Session Chair: Richard Kimbowa, Chairman, INFORSE & CSOs Network Uganda

Discussants: Nimpamya Enock – Executive Director, Action Coalition on Climate Change

(ACCC); Frank Tumusiime – Advocates for Natural Resources Governance and
Development (ANRRDE); Judith Nabimanya – Department of Investment for Sustainable
Development, SEATINI Uganda; and Robert Turyakira – Executive Director, Environment
Shield

held both the private sector and

Shared the historical role of civil society governments accountable in the energy
in advocating for energy transition and transition. Pointed out ways in which the
sustainability, highlighting some influence and capacity of CSOs could be
success stories of how civil society has further strengthened to ensure a just
been instrumental in shaping the global, and
regional and country energy agenda, and
government events where CSOs were
sustainable energy transition. Called on allotted a platform to share their views
for strengthened collaborations without being censed. Applauded NREP
between CSOs, governments, and the for making this happen and pledged to
private sector to drive a faster and more continue working with NREP in uniting
equitable energy transition. Noted that energy sector actors in the country.
this is REC23 was one of the few
Examined the important role of Civil well as the next steps for further
Society Organizations (CSOs) play in strengthening of their part. Spotlighted
advocating for and representing their the critical role of civil society in shaping
members in their respective markets, as the global energy agenda and

59
implementation of commitments and Recommended continuous dialogues
pledges under SDG 7. Noted that CSOs with the energy sector actors,
have been advocating for sustainable particularly the government officials
energy and environment practices in the and development partners in order to
country. Hinted that they will keep streamline the energy sector policies,
government in check regarding the regulations and strategies. Called on the
policies and financing of the energy government to put into their words into
transition in Uganda. Called upon action. Emphasizing that government
everyone to play their role and change buildings for instance should be
their households, communities and powered by solar systems by now to
country in the long run. serve as champions of energy
transition.

2.5.8 International Collaboration on Solar Energy Development: Spotlight on

International Solar Alliance

Session Chair: Dr. Brian E. Isabirye, Commissioner Renewable Energy Department,

MEMD

Discussants: Dr. Nicholas Mukisa – Deputy National Coordinator, NREP; Sowedi

Kitanywa – MP, Busongora North; Job Mutyaba – IRENA Consultant; Sylvia Aarakit
Manjeri – Lecturer, MUBS; and Robinah Nanyunja – CEO, USEA

Highlighted that accelerating global attainment of the SDG Goals, particularly, universal
energy access, energy security, and energy transition remains a crucial priority for the
International Solar Alliance (ISA) as a critical driver of inclusive growth and gateway to
abating climate change. The ISA, in keeping with its 5-year strategic plan to provide
programmatic support to member countries by rolling out regulatory support to member
states in establishing sustainable and viable solar-receptive regulatory frameworks, of
which Uganda had been identified for this purpose. Informed participants that together
with MEMD, ISA

intends to establish up a state-of-the- standardization, and testing for Uganda

art Solar Technology Application in coordination with the other country
Resource Centre (STAR-C) in Uganda, a partners.
facility intended to provide capacity for
the deployment of solar energy Shared lessons learnt and how the
applications and research, business country could harness international
collaboration to build the Renewable
modeling, incubation, training,

60
Energy Sector. Highlighted experiences partners, embrace opportunities and
in interacting with the International strategically align themselves so as to
Solar Alliance and individual and have their enterprises spread all over
community benefits attained from the world.
interactions with the International Solar
Alliance. For instance, noted that among From a political point of view, politicians
the benefits of the Solar Panel being the high-level decision makers,
Installation Project are, lighting, recommended that politicians should be
increased innovation in rural schools, sensitized in regard to renewable
i.e., salon establishment, computer & TV energies so that they can in turn
set purchase, monitoring of teaching influence the society to embrace
staff. Also noted that in the health centre, recycling, responsible living, saving
patients are happier due to the presence electricity and water. Recommended that
of lighting. such collaborations as the one of ISA
should be extended to other districts
Highlighted that the development of the
particularly rural communities in
Centre of Excellence as an initiative of
Uganda.
the International Solar Alliance to build
capacity for the country is a positive Noted that there is need to look at the
given that Uganda is still struggling with target audience to serve as technicians.
limited personnel with technical know- Recommended that one of the target
how, particularly in the area of solar beneficiaries should be the science
systems at the grassroot. Pointed out teachers and once trained they can
ways through which more Ugandan serve as maintenance technicians so as
companies can have more partnerships to reduce concentration of expertise in
at the highest levels. Noted how the only urban areas. Also hinted that there
Uganda’s energy sector is building up in is need to develop an energy local
comparison to the rest of the world. content framework and a renewable
Stated ways through which Ugandan energy Act and regulations to address the
companies can be strong enough to various challenges being faced.
create a sustainable market.
To advance research and development,
encouraged collaborations between
Recommended that people should
international universities and local
embrace the renewable energy sector universities. Hinting that there is need to
since Africa’s abundance of energy
build capacity that can be scaled up as well,
presents a lot of opportunities not only
through local partnerships. Likewise, noted
for the private sector to do business but that sustainability can be triggered through
also for the international community and empowerment of local institutions which
government. Emphasized that must be embraced.
Ugandans, especially Ugandan women
should strive to work with the right

61
2.5.9 Debunking the Myths and Stereotypes on Bioenergy: Redefining the Relevance of
Bioenergy in the Transition to a Green Economy, the Case of Biofuels

Session Chair: Flavia Ajambo – Public Relations Officer, CREEC

Discussants: Dr. Betty Nabuuma – Bioenergy expert/Lecturer CEDAT, Makerere
University; Innocent Miria Opio – Bioenergy Expert, Muni University; John Tumuhimbise
– Ass. Commissioner, Bioenergy, MEMD; and Joshua Ogwok – Head of Research,
Innovation and Development, CREEC

The session commenced with a that because of limited awareness about

presentation on “Advancement in Biofuel biofuels, people have been made to
and what CREEC is doing”. Clarified on believe anything they hear. Called upon
the misconceptions and illustrated the the experts, particularly at the Ministry
overlooked indicators of biomass to create awareness on these fuels. Also
significance. Recalled the impressive called upon the Ministry to partner with
and transformative role that biomass research institutions, both local and
international to advance research on
played in the first industrial revolution.
biofuels.
Recreated a sustainable path for
biomass production, use, and trade. Emphasized that biofuels are produced from
Noted that currently biomass stands a non-food biomass mainly, although some
food crops could as well be used. Noted that
chance of being relegated to the biased
most observed investments have been in
zone of polluting fuels. Pointing out that infrastructural development e.g., Kakira
this stems from partial information, sugar work improved their infrastructure as
overgeneralization, and the tendency to well as Bukono in Nwoya to produce
equate the smoke from biomass to that biofuels. Hinted that there are barriers to
from fossils. Presented common investment that investors are often scared
of. Hinted that concerns over food security
misconceptions about biomass and how
are real and recommended that this should
they are disputable using research be safeguarded against before largescale
findings from a series of topics studied production of biofuels in the country
at CREEC. commences. For instance, noted that if
cassava is used as a feedstock for biofuel
Noted that 42% rely on advance bio fuel production, this is likely to cause food
produced form non-food waste such as insecurity. Noted that that biofuel production
water hyacinth. Pointed out that as a uses a lot of water and emphasized that
myth that Biomass is seen as polluting recycling water is the way to go. Stated that
growing market of electrical vehicle is a
fuel and compared to fossil fuels often.
threat to biofuel. Noting that both biofuel and
Asserted that there is need to
electric cars should work side by side hence
distinguish biofuels from conventional the need for biofuels in Uganda. Hinted that
fuels with mature fuel market. Noted market demand of biofuel is limited.

62
Recommended that government should
support the sector in growing the market for
biofuels in the country.

2.5.10 Create Your Clean Energy Legacy and Pass the Baton: Teens Thrive When they have
Meaningful Conversations with Caring Adults

Session Chair: Ruth Bongole - Bishop Cypriano Kihangire S. S. Luzira

Discussants: Josette Elotu – International School of Uganda; Jeff Bongole – Shiloh

International School; Jessie Alma – Fairways Primary School; Martha Amanya – St
Charles Lwanga S.S Mubende; and Tukamushaba Nixon – Mengo Senior School

Highlighted that the impacts of climate change are detrimental to the health, nutrition,
education and the future of children, adolescents, and youth, who are the most
vulnerable to extreme weather events, toxic chemicals, temperature changes and eco-
anxiety. Emphasized that solutions and just transition require brave collective
commitments from everyone, particularly youth leadership, as natural partners and
inheritors of the planet. Discussed practical solutions and policy actions for clean
energy transition to ensure a just and inclusive transition to a low-emission,
energy/climate-resilient future and a just and fair transition pathway. Amplified the
specific challenges and the energy activism efforts led by children and adolescents.

Pointed out that for all, young people were left behind and never given a platform to
share in the energy and environment discourse. Noted that whoever is currently
planning for the energy sector, he/she is actually planning for the young generation and
the generations to come, which most likely will interface with the climate change threats
due to the current generation’s mischiefs in planning.

Recommended that government should include renewable energy and environmental

studies in the education curriculum as early as at primary level. Called upon the Ministry
to carry out training sessions on renewable energy in schools in order to expose young
people to such technologies. Welcomed the idea of inviting them to share at REC23 and
prayed that they should be invited again and again to be part of such discussions.
Appreciated their schools for having allowed them to attend such a great national event.

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2.5.11 Youth Dialogue on Energy Transition and climate Change

Session Chair: Edwin Muhumuza – CEO, YouthGoGreen

Discussants: David Nankunda – Master’s Scholar, Energy Economics and Governance,

MUBS; Ronald Natukunda – Aeon Energy solutions UG, & TM leader at Clean Energy
Initiative (CEI); Adello Nakafero – Smart Youth Network Initiative; Opiro Emalu Joshua –
Founder, and Director, Oshataka Waste Initiative; and Ethol Amanda Natukunda –
Founder, Erudites Uganda

Tabled that young people can compete climate crisis on the rise, it was
favourably to attain financing when their deliberated that renewable energy can
ideas and innovations are communicated address this issue through targeting
and stipulated articulately to the daily energy consumers at the
financing platforms coupled with grassroots not limited to the
revision in the procedures undertaken to employment of clean cooking, sun-
attain these grants. Highlighted that the dryers and E-bikes.
government can enable rural areas to
access cleaner energy by enabling big Emphasized that young people
prosumers to set up more renewable understand the links between
energy systems which should allow the sustainable development and climate
price per kilowatt hour to drop and be justice. Pointed out that they have risen
affordable in the rural areas. With the to the forefront as advocates and

64
innovators in bringing sustainable that it was unacceptable for
energy solutions to homes, governments to
communities, and countries. Amplified
continue to build polluting economies of learning, hands on training of users by
the past by investing in fossil fuels. In the suppliers of renewable energy
unison, noted that the young African appliances. Called on the translation of
activists have called on governments to user manuals to local languages to
advance just and equitable energy improve usability and outreach of
transitions that step-up ambitions and appliances as a way to help simplify the
accelerate progress. Indicated that Youth renewable energy conversation. The
Go Green holds different events such as government was also called upon to
the runs, tree planting and dialogues to provide infrastructure through cell
equip youth with the knowledge and phone data and avail the necessary
resources needed to amplify and expensive tools to promote youth
strengthen advocacy efforts for clean inclusion. Asked the Ministry not to
and just energy access. sideline the youth, but continue to
partner with them in its activities and
Recommended embracement of always engage them because they are
practical knowledge in institutions of energetic

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2.6 Policy, Planning, Standards, Quality, Institutions and Markets

2.6.1 Grid Efficiency and Resilience: Electricity Theft and Infrastructure Vandalism

Session Chair: Dr. Nicholas Mukisa, Deputy National Coordinator, NREP

Discussants: Emmanuel Okello – Senior Planning Engineer, UETCL; Eng. Emmanuel

Sande Nsubuga – Sustainable Energy Systems Engineer, MEMD; Ronald Bogere Mitti,
Health and Safety Manager, American Tower; and Micheal Shibuta – Head of GIS, UEDCL

Highlighted that electricity theft is about masts but rather the wires. Hinted that
illegal connections people make without vandals come for cables instead,
following the right procedure to connectivity. vandalize cut and pull wires only. Noting
Vandalism on the other hand is stealing that vandals search for copper or
electrical gadgets or materials to make
aluminium out of these materials.
other products out of steel. Pointed out that
the backbone of vandalism is the high Pointed out that first traversing the
demand for scrap in the country, which community with grid lines everywhere
targets specific metals. Need for money for derails connectivity of electricity projects
survival and economic sabotage are other and communities become impatient. Noting
causes of vandalism that were noted. that swiftness is needed to ensure prompt
Shared how telecommunication companies connectivity to prevent hostility from
have been safe from vandalism but noted communities that results in vandalism. Also,
that recently there have been some cases of some project in one country being initiated
recorded on their towers. Emphasized that with sufficient material may culminate into
vandalism was real, noting that for telecom vandalism to another country to source
companies, vandals do not tamper with materials since the implementers may not

66
have materials to support their machinery. Called upon the developers and companies
Pointed out that the greedy categories of to employ people in the areas where
vandals go in for materials with loader and projects are established so that they can as
even pick up generators. Highlighted that the well benefit from the projects rather than
companies are working with security agents come with employees from elsewhere to go
to cub vandalism. works that the locals could ably do.
Recommended compensation of the
Noted that the transmission and distribution community members affected by the
grids today result in up to over 17% of electricity project to address their anger.
electricity lost to inefficiency. Emphasized Also noted that companies should have
that efficient grids would provide better social responsibility to know that people
electricity services without the need to need to be paid for their land where the sub
expand power generation, with many stations are established.
sustainable development benefits. Besides
the inefficiency, highlighted that electricity Recommended that government should not
theft and infrastructure vandalism present be kind on the proprietors of electricity theft
additional bottlenecks to grid reliance in and vandalism. The law should take its
Africa, particularly in Uganda. Hinted that course and none should be sympathized
Experiences elsewhere have shown that with to serve as an example to the rest of
digital technologies for foresight and the people.
response escalation exist, but not much has Hinted about the need for active equipment
been done in the Global South. Appreciated to encourage surveillance of the main
the role partnerships could play in tackling activities can be an advantage.
opportunities for efficient and resilient grids Recommended having some form of dying of
in Africa. a certain length so that when one goes to the
market, they can ably identify the materials
Recommended stakeholder engagements
being sold are from a vandalized electricity
on electricity projects in order to establish a
infrastructure. Called on the companies to
buy-in from the communities. Highlighted
consider Artificial Intelligence as opening
that it is important to look at the needs of the
opportunities for addressing the vices. Also
people within the various communities and
noted that trackers should be used to curb
make them part of the electricity project.
theft and vandalism.
Emphasized that companies should
organize people in the community to police
the grid and its infrastructure on behalf of
the company. Amplified the importance of
community policing.

67
2.6.2 Commitment is an Act, not a Word: The Oil & Gas Industry’s Decarbonization
Strategy

Session Chair: Herbert Mugizi, Principal Petroleum Engineer, MEMD

Discussants: Felix Bob Ocitti – Manager Licence Compliance, PAU; Paul Bagabo –
Natural Resources Governance Institute, Uganda; Zion Okama – Senior Renewable
Energy Export, TotalEnergies; and Honey Malinga – Commissioner Upstream
Exploration and Production, MEMD

Hinted that the Oil & Gas industry’s including new technologies and
operational emissions account for more discussed policy enablers to encourage
than 10% of global 𝐶𝑂2 emissions. the industry’s decarbonization. Pointed
Emphasized that supporting the out the challenges for the Global South
transition to lower-carbon alternatives, to access energy transition resources at
it is critical for Oil & Gas companies to an affordable cost while driving their
also decarbonize their operations decarbonization as part of potential
rapidly: reducing methane leaks, sustainable development pathways.
venting, and flaring; improving energy
efficiency; and using renewable power Noted that the country is planning an
and carbon capture technologies. LPG refinery to increase clean energy
Highlighted best industry practices sources following oil and gas extraction.

68
Encouraged the participants to share TotalEnergies are currently promoting
practical outcomes that the government electric vehicles. To emphasize this,
can base on for energy transition. Noted called all the participants to visit the
that there are plans to blend fuel fuels TotalEnergies stall to witness the e-
with biofuels, which is one step towards vehicle and the charging station
decarbonization of oil and gas sector. prototype.
Pointed out that currently companies
Recommended that actors in the oil and
that entirely dealt in fuel fossils are also
gas sector should not be looked at as
diversifying and taking on projects in
energy of the energy transition, but
renewable energy. Assured the
rather as partners that facilitate the
participants that the government is
transition. Called on the renewable
taking every possible measure to ensure
energy and environmental conservation
that oil production happens with little or
actors to continuously engage them in
no leakages. Also pointed out that the
their discourses to allow them a chance
government was committed to amicably
to present their advancements in
work with all actors in the oil and gas
address environmental issues.
sector to ensure that best practices are
Recommended to the Ministry to take on
adhered to.
the creation of awareness about the
Pointed out that electric charging points country’s oil and gas sector and its
are going to be integrated in several fuel advancements in adherence to
stations around Kampala metropolitan environmental issues.
area to facilitate electric charging of e-
vehicles and e-bikes. Also hinted on the
fact that companies such as
2.6.3 Towards a Green Hydrogen Economy: Policies and Strategies for Catalyzing Energy
Transition and Sustainable Development

Session Chair: Eng. Sharon Mukami – Head of Eastern Africa Region and Business
Development

Discussants: Charnelle Fortuin-Ndlovu – Business Developer, HDF Energy; Aleem

Karmali – Head of Infrastructure, Industrial Promotion Services (IPS); Mak Owuor
Achola – Siemens Limited; and Prof. Wilson Musinguzi Babu – Lecturer, Mountains of
the Moon University

Highlighted that the transition from a happening now. Noted that developing
global economy dependent on fossil green hydrogen value chains could yield
fuels, to a green hydrogen and economic value, create jobs, and
renewable fuels-based economy is contribute to achieving global emission

69
reduction targets. Hinted that green Ministry for a National Policy to pave
hydrogen and its derivatives (e.g., green ways for private sector investment in
ammonia, e-fuels) could be critical in green hydrogen. Asserted that the
reducing the emissions of hard-to- current status of the country is practical
abate and hard-to-electrify sectors enough for the production of green
such as heavy industries, aviation, and hydrogen.
shipping or heavy road transportation.
Explored the latest developments in the Shared experiences from elsewhere,
field, potential economic and job growth noting that Kenya launched her Green
opportunities and proposed enablers Hydrogen Road map in August 2023,
required to scale up the solutions. Kenya’s regulation drafts for Hydrogen
Additionally discussed the financing gap guideline are out for public review, HDF
needed for the global south to realize is developing a 1.3 GW hydrogen power
this development. plant in South Africa with about 15
different integrated projects, and the
Highlighted green hydrogen projects for Government in Namibia partnered with
Uganda, namely, Hydrogène de France private sectors in order to boost green
SA ("HDF Energy") group to develop a hydrogen projects. Pointed out that the
hydrogen-based storage green power usage of hydrogen-based fertilizers for
generation plant as an alternative crop production as a partnership
source of electricity in Uganda; H₂ Agro between the agricultural and the
Uganda Limited to develop a hydrogen hydrogen sector it is important for the
industrial complex at the Karuma country. As a country dependent on
Hydropower Plant; IPS Consortium to agriculture, highlighted that there is a
invest in green hydrogen for high demand for Hydrogen.
ammonium-based fertilizers; Global
Gases Group to invest in Green Recommended to government that
Hydrogen for Remote electrification on Green Hydrogen technologies should be
islands in lake Victoria, and K2R that has adopted and elaborately considered in
proposed to harness the potential of 𝐻2 the national policy. Called on the
as a Fuel. government develop a clear Green
Hydrogen Road map. Also emphasized
Emphasized that the dangers of fossil that the government should prioritize
fuels and need for energy transition. inter-sector partnerships. Noted that the
Clarifies that Hydrogen is to diversify grid is aged and called the government
and not to replace existing renewable to invest in national grid strengthening.
energy technologies. Also noted that Called on the Ministry to establish
green hydrogen looks at the acceleration mechanisms for regulating the
of agricultural productivity. Called on the production and consumption of

70
Hydrogen should be regulated. Noted should not wait for too long before
that hydrogen transportation is difficult, commencing the production of hydrogen.
thus, industries should be set up near
the power plants. Hinted the country

2.6.4 Charcoal Ban: Bottlenecks and Prospects for Transitioning to Clean Energy

Session Chair: James Kyewalabye, Managing Director, Divine Bamboo, Divine Bamboo
Discussants: Hitimana Leonidas – Chief Technical Advisor, FAO; Joan Kyokutamba –
Executive Director, Shungura Foundation; and Teddy Nabakooza – Environmental
scientist, Buganda Kingdom

Hinted that Charcoal/Wood fuel continue Emphasized the importance of the

to play a critical role as a cooking energy charcoal ban as it is a signal of how the
charcoal trade and production used to
source for most Ugandans accounting
happen and also serves as a regulator of
for over 94%. Noting that over 65% of
future price increases in charcoal due to
urban dwellers and 90% of the rural
depletion of resources involved. Decried
population use charcoal and traditional
the high prevalence of ignorance of
wood fuels, respectively, as their main charcoal production in a sustainable
cooking fuels. Highlighted that the way. Noted that the implementation of a
charcoal production process is wasteful sustainable charcoal value chain with
and comprises unskilled labourers with interventions to repair damages caused
little or no attention given to the charcoal by charcoal production through
quality. Noted that the traditional earth deforestation is important. Emphasizing
kilns with a conversion efficiency of 10% that such could include the
- 15% dominate the production cycle. establishment of biodiversity.
Pointed out that more efficient Noted that charcoal production is largely
technologies such as Casamance kilns sustained by a very large market
and retorts with efficiencies of 25% - 30% demand. Proceeded to emphasize that
are being promoted by the Ministry and charcoal production is not competitive
her partners. Allured to the fact that in but highly commercialized to the extent
the last decade, efforts have been made that those trying to make it competitive
to promote the adoption and continued would find hard time to do so. Hinted that
usage of Improved Cookstoves, and 36% theree exists knowledge gaps among
have adopted their use. Shared the people with regards to a transition to
bottlenecks of greening the charcoal clean energy. Asserted that this was the
value chain as well as explored the right time to kickstart sensitization as
the charcoal prices are high.
prospects for transitioning to clean
energy.

71
Discussed FAO’s forestry interventions for wood harvesting and compliance
to support the transition to clean energy with environmental concerns. Called
i.e., monitoring forest change to support upon the Ministry to promote alternative
the government in greening energy sources such that the charcoal
humanitarian responses, biodiversity, share keeps reducing to enable a just
and commercial wood processing. Noted transition. Recommended consistent
that there had not been many interfaces efforts by the Government to support
with initiatives present in traditional technologies and innovations of
charcoal production districts i.e., alternative energy sources. Proposed
Mubende, Kasanda, Nakaseke and licensing at charcoal production level;
Kiryandongo, even when these are registration to promote business,
endowed with bushy arears of forests as ordinances at local government. Local
raw materials for charcoal production. level leaders should interest themselves
Highlighted the promotion of briquettes in charcoal trade.
has not yielded much in terms of public
Recommended to the government to
buy-in due to the perception that it is
make briquette production attractive to
dirtier than charcoal.
the business people and consumers.
Decried the status of briquettes, noting Also, called on the government to
that it was very disappointing among support large scale industrial production
women innovative groups because the of non-carbonized briquettes.
production is not commercialized as Emphasized that collaboration of
these currently produce for their own government and partners to support
use rather than sale. Hinted that the innovations of alternative energy
main challenge associated with the sources are important. Noting that the
transition is affordability as the efforts should be consistent to ensure
alternative energy sources are that these alternatives are easily
expensive. available and at a cheaper cost.
Proposed assessment of existent Recommended cultural integration in the
regulatory policies especially the sensitization process i.e., the
ordinances for charcoal production at communication should be translated to a
the district level as none is being fully language that locals understand and
implemented. Recommended also integration of people’s beliefs in the
certification should be done by a third sensitization campaigns. Emphasized
party for sustainable charcoal tailoring of solutions according to the
production to check on the technologies target group i.e. rural and urban people.

72
2.6.5 Affirmative Action for Local Content: Advocacy for Inclusivity in the Energy Markets
in Africa

Session Chair: Dr. Nicholas Mukisa – Deputy National Coordinator, NREP

Discussants: Kajura Francis – Programs and Partnerships Manager, PSFU; Jane

Seruwagi Nalunga – Executive Director, SEATINI; and Godbert Tumushabe; Associate
Director, Great Lakes Institute for Strategic Studies

Explored the competencies needed in support required to drive the local

the energy sector and the level of content agenda across Africa Energy

Markets. Shared experiences on gender facing marginalized groups and how to

and indigenous companies’ inclusivity support them in ensuring the effective
and potential tools to catalyze concrete energy planning, production, and
ways to bring women and locals back to consumption. Discussed most important
the centre of clean energy discourse; the drivers and affirmative actions to
role of umbrella Associations; and the keeping communities and vulnerable
level of awareness of the challenges incentivized, dedicated, and capable.

Noted that it is essential to prioritize local or the funding agencies. Pointed out that these
content and inclusivity in the energy sector in bodies are not independent, which compromises
developing countries. Highlighted that local their position in advocacy for the rights of their
companies ordinarily create jobs for the local members. Also hinted that such bodies cannot
communities which results in improved only survive on their membership subscriptions,
household revenues. Decried the inabilities of which cannot meet their administrative costs. It
the umbrella bodies to advocate for local content was however noted that these bodies have
and empowerment of their members. Further conducted several policy advocacy dialogues
hinted that such bodies have done nothing with government and have also attracted some
warranting them to be beneficial to their financing for the sector from international
members. Noted that these umbrella bodies are partners. Acknowledged that there is still work to
not serving the interests of their members, but be done to strengthen the bodies and make them
interests of a third party, often the government competent like the ones in other countries.

Recommended to the government to development a local content framework that will guide on
what should be done by local companies. Also called on the Ministry to support local companies
through technical assistance and capacity building. Recommended to the umbrella bodies to
establish revenue streams beyond their membership subscription for their sustainability.
Refuted the call for affirmative action, but rather recommended that local actor to address their
competence because going by the current status, they are unable to deliver quality work as
required at a national level. Recommended that the government should support the local
companies by twinning them with international companies to enable them grow their
competences over time.

73
2.6.6 Enabling Environment for Private Sector Participation in Clean Cooking Transition

Session Chair: James Baanabe – Senior Consultant, MECS

Discussants: Winnie Grace Onziru – Senior

Standards Officer, UNBS; Desmond Tutu Opio –
Senior M&E Specialist, UECCC, Eng. Herbert
Abigaba – Principal Energy Officer, MEMD; Aaron
Werikhe – Climate Financing Unit, MoFPED; and
Louis Arinaitwe – Country Director Department for
Business and Trade at the British High
Commission.

Focused on discussing the ways to create a

conducive environment for private sector
participation in the clean cooking transition
in Uganda. Covered a range of topics,
including Government incentives to with the ultimate goal being ensuring that all
accelerate the transition to clean cooking, Ugandans have access to clean, safe and
the Regulatory framework for the clean affordable cooking solutions.
cooking sub-sector, the Standards and
labelling of Clean cooking technologies, Emphasized that the government recognizes
Financing options for the transition to clean the importance of affordability of clean
cooking, and the government strategy for cooking technologies, which are known to
attracting carbon finance to reduce costs of have high upfront costs. To address this
issue, the Uganda Credit Capitalization
clean cooking technologies.
Company (UECCC) established a clean
Revealed that the government was actively cooking fund within the Electricity Access
implementing a program to support clean Scale-up Project (EASP), a World Bank-
cooking through the use of LPG (Liquefied funded project aimed at increasing
Petroleum Gas) by distributing cylinders and electricity access and promoting clean
kits to the public. Highlighted the importance cooking using electricity. Hinted that over
of e-cooking as a solution to the affordability the years, UECCC has supported the off-grid
market through a pilot biogas financing
problem. Noted that various partners,
facility, which informed the development of
including the World Bank, the UK
clean cooking financing tools. By providing
government and GIZ are supporting
credit through financial officials and
research efforts to analyze what an e- subsidies in the form of Results Based
cooking value chain looks like. Hinted that Financing (RBF), UECCC was reported to be
there were ongoing efforts to address helping end-users acquire clean cooking
concerns regarding the charcoal ban, and technologies. UECCC’s RBF scheme offers a
there is a commitment to the clean cooking subsidy of 30-60% based on the type of
discussion with research showing that using technology.
electricity for cooking is cheaper, more
Divulged that the Climate Finance Unit under
efficient and convenient than using charcoal,
the Ministry of Finance Planning and

74
Economic Development (MoFPED), is enforcement of these standards was a
mandated to mobilize, access and challenge and that a registration and
appropriate climate finance to all energy database system was proposed to address
sector actors. To de-risk investments in the the issue. Additionally, the lack of testing
clean cooking sector, noted that several capacity was identified as a significant
initiatives were being undertaken, including obstacle to the standardization of products
the African Development Bank’s climate and technologies. Emphasized that the
finance and ongoing talks with the bureau was committed to providing support
International Monetary Fund (IMF) to access to sector players in achieving their
a new window of climate finance called the standardization goals.
Resilient Sustainability Facility. Hinted that
Recommend and emphasized that ensuring
part of the proceeds were to be used to
the integrity of quality standards is a shared
capitalize the firm in the Uganda
responsibility that extends beyond
Development Bank. The Ministry of Finance government or regulatory bodies. UNBS
Planning and Economic Development was underscores the significance of garnering
also reported to have been developing a widespread support, urging individuals to
green taxonomy to incentivize private sector assume the role of ambassadors for
players to invest in green projects and standardized services. Noted that in the
provide clarity on what constitutes a green innovation landscape, standards often lag
investment. behind the introduction of novel products.
Consequently, the Bureau is constrained in
Disclosed that the existing standards were preventing the influx of products lacking
in place to regulate the influx of clean established standards to regulate them.
technologies into the Ugandan market, with Recommended that a proactive approach is
more measures planned for the future. essential to expedite the development of
Noted that the development of standards timely and relevant standards.
was facilitated through technical
Highlighted that the impact of subsidies on
committees, which are under the purview of system prices is a nuanced consideration,
the Ugandan authorities rather than the
Bureau of Standards. Further noted that the
contingent upon factors such as the subsidized components, suppliers, and subsidy amounts.
Therefore, recommended that conducting comprehensive cost-benefit analyses prior to subsidy
allocation becomes crucial to ascertain their efficacy.

In the mission to heighten awareness, recommended a collective effort between the private
sector and government is indispensable. This undertaking demands substantial resources and
manpower, underscoring the necessity for active participation from all stakeholders in achieving
a seamless and professional awareness campaign. Noted that the British High Commission had
pledged continued support to the government to support training, technical assistance, funding
and investment by both the private and public sector in the policy, research and innovation in the
various energy initiatives.

75
2.6.7 Promoting a Just, Effective, and Equitable Energy Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa

Session Chair: Dr. Joseph Kobusheshe – Director EHS, PAU.

Presentation: Uganda’s Energy Transition Plan

Discussants: Jeroen van der Linden – Team Leader, NIRAS; Elison Karuhanga – Co-head
of the Oil, Gas, Energy and Mining practice, KAA, Kampala Associated Advocates; Peter
Muliisa – Chief Legal and Corporate Officer, UNOC; Dr. Gerald Banaga-Baingi – Ass.
Commissioner Technical Planning, MEMD

The session commenced with a driven by strong government

presentation on “Uganda’s Energy programmes. Pointed out that the
Transition Plan” by Dr. Gerald Banaga- country has many domestic energy and
Baingi. Emphasized that the energy
mineral resources that can help realise
systems must modernise and expand
rapidly to meet these ambitions, the energy transition. Uganda has ample
prompting Uganda’s decision to develop potential for solar, hydroelectric and
the Energy Transition Plan (ETP). geothermal power. With the opening of
Highlighted that the objectives of the the Tilenga and Kingfisher oil fields in
plan, stated by Uganda's Ministry of 2025, Uganda is set to become an oil
Energy and Mineral Development producer and exporter for the first time.
(MEMD), are: Provide universal access
Currently the country imports all its oil
to electricity and cleaner cooking by
2030; Modernise and diversify Uganda’s products. It also has new graphite and
energy mix and promote its efficient use rare earth projects in Orom and Makuutu
across all sectors to support industrial under development and holds important
growth, poverty reduction and socio- deposits of other critical minerals. These
economic transformation; Ensure resources, if harnessed well, could
secure and affordable energy supply; reinforce the transition and contribute to
Mitigate energy emissions in line with
Uganda’s economic growth.
Uganda’s conditional climate
commitments, which imply a 20% Asserted that the rate of progress
reduction compared to baseline required to reach universal access is
emissions in 2030; and Position Uganda
steep, but not unprecedented.
as an energy hub for the East African
region. Acknowledged that prior to disruptions
from the Covid-19 pandemic, electricity
Highlighted that given Uganda’s point of access rates improved at 5% annually,
departure, efforts must be stepped up to and clean cooking rates around 1.5%. To
develop the country’s energy systems. reach universal access to electricity by
Electricity and clean cooking access 2030, noted that over 800 000
rates remain low, at around 45% and 15%, households would need to gain a
respectively, despite recent progress

76
connection each year to 2030. Cited that way through to 2050, even while
Kenya, Rwanda, Bangladesh and India generation grows nearly forty-fold.
have all achieved similar rates of
progress in the past. Examined how to attain greater
effectiveness through unified action,
Forecasted that reaching universal subsidiarity, and complementary
access this decade relies on all solutions platforms for clean energy. Shared
available. Hinted that grid connections targets and visions of institutions and
should reach around 45% of those continental alliances in driving a just
without access today in the transition and equitable Energy transition.
plan, leaving the majority of connections Discussed the need for the country to
to off-grid systems by 2030. Further consider how it could develop and
noted that smaller systems should mobilize the capacity to meet the
provide an important first step for many updated NDC and SDG7 targets. Noted
households with acute affordability that if the country supports and achieves
challenges and are gradually provided an ambitious, multi-dimensional target
with more robust connections over time. along these lines, it needs to be
Similarly, highlighted that liquified supported to catalyze its knowledge and
petroleum gas (LPG) and electric skills but also be equipped with tools
cooking should reach more than half of and resources to achieve and measure
those gaining clean cooking access by progress. Explored opportunities and
2030, but emphasized that improved priorities for private sector-led and
biomass cookstoves shall be an community energy initiatives to scale up
important transitional solution for many coverage, impact, and community
rural households with limited means to benefits across the country.
pay for fuel on an ongoing basis.
Emphasized that no country should be
Asserted that the power sector will
forced into a transition it has not
become the backbone of Uganda’s
prepared for. Called upon countries,
energy systems, with all growth met by
particularly in the global south to define
low-emissions sources. Predicted that
their nature of transition, have clear
electricity will rise to become the single
transition plans supported with
largest source of energy consumed by
strategies and funds. Asserted that no
2040, growing to reach 56% of total final
country should be cornered into
consumption by 2050. Noted that the grid
abandoning their fossil fuel resource
currently is already 99% renewable, with
without compensation. Recommended
only a small amount of oil-based
global south countries to sustainably
generation used in critical situations.
extract, process and supply their fossil
Highlighted that low-emissions sources
of energy will maintain this share all the

77
fuel and utilize the revenue to finance government to come up with the
their transition. transition fund to support actors in the
sector in their energy transition.
Recommended to government to Recommended that government should
maintain its stand on energy integration embark on awareness creation so that
over energy transition. However, the public can appreciate the trade-offs
cautioned government to be mindful of between energy integration and energy
the environmental concerns around oil transition
and gas production. Called on the
.

2.6.8 Strategy for Accelerating Cooking with Efficient Electrical Appliances in Urban
Centers from Traditional Fuels to E-Cooking

Session Chair: Agnes Naluwagga – Clean Cooking Guru, CREEC

Discussants: Victoria Butegwa – Project Manager at EnDev-GIZ; Jacob Etunganan –
Energy Expert at SNV; Dr. Will Clements – MECS Research Lead for Uganda; and Dr.
Samuel Baker Kucel – Consultant at CIRCODU
Reiterated that cooking with electricity in regulatory environment; Accessibility,
the context of Uganda is feasible, and availability and reliability of power;
this could be verified by studies available Affordability; Limited administrative
to the public owing to CREEC and MECS. capacity; and social-cultural factors.
Revealed that studies show 82% of Revealed that there are a lot of
Uganda’s local dishes could be prepared perception regarding cooking with
using e-cooking technology. Elaborated electricity, with beliefs that it is not safe
that e-cooking is the main clean cooking to cook with electricity or very costly to
technology being promoted because it is do so. Signaling a lack of awareness on
one of the proposed ways in which the availability and benefits of e-cooking
Uganda could reduce its surplus appliances. Additionally, a challenge of
electricity generated. power imbalance was identified to which
less adoption of e-cooking is attributed
Pointed out that CIRCODU was engaged
due to the low reliability it implies. It was
by MEMD and MECS through the funding
disclosed that the Ministry of Energy and
from the Foreign Commonwealth &
Mineral Development was working on a
Development Office of the UK
strategy to address the barriers to the
government to do a baseline study to
adoption of e-cooking.
ascertain the status of clean cooking in
Uganda. Noted that the study classified Highlighted that SNV as per its mission
the barriers to e-cooking under 5 to strengthen capacities and utilize
thematic areas which are: Policy and partnerships to ensure sustainable and

78
inclusive livelihoods, divulged that SNV Alluded to the fact that successful
had a program on Sustainable Energy transition to e-cooking is possible and
Markets looking into three assets i.e., hinges on the unwavering commitment
demand, supply, and enabling of key stakeholders. Recommended that
environment. To this end, noted that SNV everyone should acknowledge that the
as a development organization, responsibility now lies with each
individual to effect this transition within
demonstrate what works that could be
their households and actively
adopted by the governments and other
disseminate awareness. Recommend
players through projects such as; the that the government and clean cooking
Inclusive Markets for Energy Efficiency actors should ensure the dissemination
in Uganda (IMEEU) which aims at of accurate information to consumers is
increasing access to energy efficient imperative for all stakeholders involved.
technologies among households, Noted that e-cooking stands as a
industries and Small and Medium Sized promising innovation in Uganda,
Enterprises (SMEs) to improve their showcasing significant potential.
profitability, resilience and Emphasized that EnDev-GIZ expresses
competitiveness. genuine interest in providing support
and exploring adaptability within the
Disclosed that about 8.4 billion Uganda Ugandan context. Recommended
shillings had been deployed specifically fostering collaborative efforts among
for catalytic grants and Result Based the actors to map out overarching
Financing (RBF). Noted that the IMEU themes of collaboration and identify
project has partnered with 13 companies opportunities underscoring the strategic
on the supply side that are beneficiaries pathways forward
of RBF and 11 companies on the catalytic
grants side. Emphasized that plans were
in the pipeline to include financial
institutions to ensure the sustainability
of financing to the project. Emerged that
GIZ’s EnDev project, as an energy access
initiative, holds a vested interest in
market development by employing
market-based approaches, fortifying the
private sector, and advancing energy
access in refugee host community areas.

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2.6.9 Harnessing Access to Clean Cooking Technologies: Private Sector Experiences

Session Chair: Didas Muhumuza – Senior Officer Stakeholder Management at PAU

Discussants: Peter Mwesigwa – Project Lead at UMEME EPC Pilot; Lafelle Chu – Country
Director at UpEnergy; Caroline Amollo – Director for Corporate Affairs, Burn
Manufacturing Company; Dr. Emmy Wasirwa – Wana Gas Energy Solutions; and Ronald
Sezibwa – Seb Engineering Construction Ltd.
Based on the insights gained from of customer adoption and the impact on
Kenya’s market, unveiled that cultivating the grid. This aspect is led by the Access
an enabling environment is imperative to Energy Institute, with key partners
for investors in the clean cooking sector such as the Ministry of Energy and
to nurture its growth. Noted that the Mineral Development and the Center for
crucial challenge of establishing Research in Energy and Energy
connectivity to the main grid was Conservation (CREEC) involved.
underscored, supported by statistics Highlighted that the promotion of clean
revealing that despite Uganda's status as cooking adoption involves emphasizing
one of the leading producers of electric collaboration and adherence to
power in East Africa, a substantial 60% of standards as regulatory measures for
this capacity remains untapped, an ensuring the quality of Electric Pressure
untapped surplus that could be Cookers (EPCs). Price subsidies were
harnessed by the clean cooking sector, identified as a pivotal factor in this
contingent upon grid connectivity. context.
Additionally, highlighted the challenge of
Decried a reverse transition to
reliability, stating that in the face of
traditional biomass amongst people.
unreliable electrical power, there is an
Noted that insights had been derived
inherent tendency to revert to biomass
from an EPC pilot project where
due to its dependable nature.
customers had initially purchased clean
Emphasized that UMEME's commitment cooking technologies but had reverted to
to advancing the adoption of electric the use of more familiar biomass.
cooking was highlighted through the Observed that the end-user of the
development of the EPC pilot, a project technology might not always be the
supported by various partners. Noted purchasing customer.
that the pilot project, facilitated by MECS,
On navigating the market amidst
incorporates a comprehensive
prevalent financial and cultural myths
monitoring and research framework,
about clean cooking technologies, noted
examining both the behavioural aspects

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that troubleshooters have been utilized understand the niches of where they
to identify faults, particularly with want to practice.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), to dispel
Recommended that participatory
associated misconceptions about the
research is crucial in promoting the
dangers of the technology. Highlighted
adoption of clean cooking technologies,
that participatory research initiatives
as it facilitates the creation of
had also addressed mindset change.
consumer-centric technologies as well
Emphasizing that this approach unveiled
as interventions. Emphasized that
significant concerns among customers,
innovation is necessary to achieve the
notably high upfront costs. Allegedly,
goal of promoting clean cooking in
government intervention, through
Uganda as it enables companies as well
reduced taxes on LPG but increased
as the end users to reach mutually
taxes on cylinders, has sustained
beneficial solutions. Called upon the
elevated technology costs. Private
government to cultivate an enabling
sector companies attribute their market
environment for investors in the clean
persistence to innovative business
cooking sector to nurture its growth. To
models.
foster the sustainable adoption of clean
Pointed out that it is necessary that the cooking technologies, recommended
rate at which standards are developed that effort should be put into dispelling
be accelerated to keep up with the high myths and misconceptions about the
level of innovation being experienced. various clean cooking technologies by
Stated that it is hard to drive away providing information in the place of
cooking with charcoal or firewood as misinformation.
they too offer numerous opportunities.
questioned how opportunities are to be
created for every player regardless of
their form of energy to come into the
business at the right standard.
Highlighted that businesses need to

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2.6.10 East African Community: Unlocking an Inclusive Energy Transition

Session Chair: David Njugi – East Africa Regional Representative, GOGLA

Discussants: Tutembe Patrick – Electricity Regulatory Authority; Joseline Namara

Kwesiga – GIZ; Molly Mbekeka – USAID; Allan Okello – Head of Business Unit, Tukole
Solar; and Fransisco de Asis Lopez – Country Director, Ayuda en Accion

Asserted that inclusive energy transition is renewable energy, energy efficiency, and
a process towards an environmentally energy conservation to reduce the demand
sustainable economy that ensures decent for energy and make energy available to
work for all, social inclusion, gender other people with no access to energy.
equality, and poverty eradication. Noted that Stated that majority of the population in the
inclusive energy transition involves taking EAC depends on biomass for cooking using
care of the needs of the human resources inefficient cooking technologies. Argued that
working in the carbon-intensive sectors there should be a shift to e-cooking to
driven by fossil fuels as the source of energy. reduce greenhouse gas emissions and
Pointed out that the East African Community contribute to a better climate. Asserted that
is endowed with abundant renewable energy the entire transport sector in the EAC is
resources such as hydro, solar, wind, dominated by the use of fossil fuels (i.e.
geothermal, biomass, etc. Further asserted Diesel, Petrol, etc) which generate high
that these resources have not been well greenhouse gas emissions to the
harnessed to satisfy the energy needs of the atmosphere. Pointed out that this sector
citizens. Hinted that decarbonization, could be transformed to e-mobility and
renewable energy, energy efficiency, and hybrid-mobility. Stated that inclusive energy
energy conservation are required to reduce transition requires all stakeholders in the
the energy demand of energy-consuming sector to commit to: Job creation; gender
sectors and save money for other economic equality; racial equality and social cohesion;
activities. human rights; and disability inclusion.
Discussed the gist of addressing
Called on the countries in the EAC to
prioritize investment in decarbonization,
the needs of all stakeholders as the region transitions to renewable energy and energy
efficiency.

Pointed out that there are macro-economic benefits for inclusive energy transition in
the EAC. Highlighted the gender imbalance situation in renewable energy and energy
efficiency sector in the EAC region and advised on what could be done to improve the
gender status. Emphasized that several jobs have been created in the renewable
energy and energy efficiency sector in the EAC and they are quite attractive compared
to the fossil fuel industry.

Recommended strengthening and actualization of regional integration especially on

matters of energy access to unlock the inclusive energy transition ecosystem. Called

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on the line ministries in the EAC countries to work together as well as the private
sector actors to see to it that an inclusive energy transition is achieved. Recommend
establishment of cross-border energy trade and investment by encouraging regional
governments to put in place policy that create a conducive environment with minimal
bureaucracy to facilitate such developments. Recommended that regional dialogues
on energy transition should be held and avail a platform to all actors to contribute to
the discourse.

2.6.11 Practicable Energy Solutions for Nature and Conservation

Session Chair: Natukunda Sharon – Assistant

Director, SWEDO Innovations Limited

Discussants: Twesigye Bashir – Executive

Director, Civic Response on Environment and
Development (CRED); Pauline Nantongo Kalunda
– Executive Director, ECOTrust; Janet Akugizibwe
– Programs Manager, Tree Adoption Uganda;
Moses Egaru – Country Director, IUCN; and
Ahimbisibwe Catherine – Ag. Commissioner
Relief, Disaster Preparedness and Management,
OPM

Hinted that natural resources underpin Noted that natural resources have been
economies, world over, through depleted because of lost ownership
resources like water, food security, during the first policies brought up by
sustainable charcoal and wildlife government. Pointed out that small
habitats. Emphasized that nature also holder farmers are very innovative with
serves as a bridge to a clean energy about 80% land ownership but they are
future, providing critical carbon less informed and they have been
sequestration and storage. Discussed excluded from formal systems. Noted
how to capitalize on the need for our that investments are being made but
natural world to support our planet unfortunately, they do not amount to
while continuing to ensure our forests anything, especially when it comes to
and agricultural lands provide for preservation of nature.
people as well. Explored a range of
Shared an experience how Bugoma
natural climate solutions and presented
forest has been destroyed for energy and
a menu of policy options and best
agricultural purposes. Pointed out that
practices that could be employed to
people were acquiring land titles over
meet the challenges and opportunities
natural resources like in Kikuube district
at hand.
where a local leader was owning a title
of a river bed. Called upon the

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government to develop and implement the regulators should continuously
policies with preservation of nature as a follow up to establish the projects are
priority. Hinted that environment and having any environmental impacts
social impact assessments should not during their execution.
only stop before project licensing, but

2.6.12 Innovation and Sinking Emissions in Carbon-Intensive Sectors

Session Chair: Marsida Rada – Energy Advisor, ENDEV-GIZ

Discussants: Jackson Muhindo – Resilience & Climate Change Coordinator, Oxfam;

Ronald Kaggwa – National Planning Authority; Justine Akumu – Energy Officer, MEMD;
and Howard Ping – Mandulis Energy

Highlighted that globally, governments investments well would be especially

are investing billions into clean energy important to decarbonize hard-to-
research and development. electrify industrial, transportation,
Emphasizing that spending these agricultural, and other sectors.

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Discussed and recommended what it will the attainment of net zero targets. Pointed
take to successfully implement existing out that a national wide drive sensitizing
energy programs to incentivize and deploy people about clean cooking would result in
clean energy and decarbonization growth of the number of households using
innovation at scale, as well as additional clean cooking stoves. Also noted that
technical and policy solutions that could passing a policy that obliges industries and
help reduce emissions and grow jobs. companies to only use clean energy for
Addressed accounting for differentiating heating would tremendously the attainment
products from mining, green hydrogen, of net zero targets. Also hinted on how
biofuels, and other applications and potential innovators looking to innovate and
highlighted prospects for Africa’s reduce emissions in carbon-intensive
comparative advantage in cleaner sectors could access financing and
decarbonization solutions. government support. For instance, noted
that the government is currently
Pointed out that carbon-Intensive Sectors
could explore strategies, technologies, and working on policy and regulatory framework
policies to address climate change in for carbon financing. Also pointed out that
industries that traditionally contribute several financing streams are coming up to
significantly to carbon emissions. support climate clean interventions,
Highlighted some technological particularly in the developing countries.
breakthroughs or emerging trends that are
Recommended that the government should
promising in helping carbon-intensive
fast-track the development and
sectors transition to cleaner and more
implementation of carbon financing policy
sustainable practices. Pointed out local case
and regulatory framework. Called on the
studies that demonstrate the impact of
government to create awareness about
innovation on carbon emissions reduction,
clean energy technologies as well as offer
with the emphasis being put on electric
subsidies in order to stimulate their
cooking. Highlighted that cooking in
adoption. Noted that government needs to
households and heating in industries and
be intentional with about its net zero targets
commercial companies play a significant
and should penalize any actors in the
role in the country’s emissions. Emphasized
industrial and commercial sectors that do
that the use of electric stoves as well as
not adhere to national regulations.
green hydrogen by the industry and
Encouraged participants to undertake
commercial companies will go a long way to
research as well as coming up with
reduce the total annual emissions of
innovations promoting energy
Uganda.
decarbonization.
Highlighted how cinnovative clean energy
interventions could be utilized to enhance
the decarbonization agenda and accelerate

85
2.6.12 Biodigester in a Circular Bio-Economy: Scalability Prospects and Actions

Session Chair: Micheal Ahimbisibwe – Ag. Principal Energy Officer Bio-Energy, MEMD
Discussants: Prof. Mackay Okure – Senior Lecturer, CEDAT/Makerere University; Saroj
Rai – Global Technical Advisor - Biodigester Market Development, SNV; Dr. Kigozi Abbas
– Senior Scientist, NARO; Sarah Ruedenauer – Lead Project Coordinator · Fachverband
Biogas e.V. / German Biogas Association; and Florence Kintu – Business Development
Manager, Biogas Solutions Uganda Ltd.
Pointed out that biogas is a renewable and
eco-friendly source of energy that could be
produced from organic waste. However,
noted that it also has some disadvantages
that may limit its adoption and use. Some of
the stated limitations of using biogas were
upfront costs which prove to be expensive
considering the average Ugandan household
income levels. Further, social and cultural
barriers, such as the perception of biogas as the investment in the biodigester value
a low-status or dirty fuel, or the reluctance chain, and identifying the missing links in
to use human or animal waste as a resource. driving the renewable gas system in Africa.
Hinted that biogas technology is not widely Recommended that the government should
adopted or supported by the government sponsor the installation of biogas systems
and the public in some regions. Highlighted for households to serve as demonstrational
that biogas production requires large systems in feedstock rich communities as
amounts of feedstock, which may not be well as for picking lessons about
readily available or affordable for some perceptions and maintenance of these
individuals. Noted that the quality and systems. Emphasized that government
quantity of the feedstock also affect the policies should be revised to create an
efficiency and yield of biogas generation. enabling environment for biogas subsector.
Recommended to government to need to
Asserted that the huge potential of the
conduct awareness campaigns in
renewable gas sector becomes more
communities to increase the uptake and
apparent year after year, yet the sector still
adoption of biogas. Called upon the
needs relevant legislative support and
government and partners to support
investments in the coming years to harness
capacity building of artisans as well as
its full potential. Discussed the role of the
social workers are grassroot level to
biogas subsector in the future energy
support in construction, maintenance and
system, assessing the capacity of
stimulating demand for biogas systems.
feedstocks to scale the industry, accelerate

86
2.6.13 Transparency and Regulations: Scaling Energy Projects Amidst Environmental
Crusaders

Session Chair: Herbert Kafeero – Programs and Communications Manager, SEATINI

Discussants: Dickens Kamugisha – CEO, AFIEGO; Francis Elungat – Energy Lawyer,

MEMD; Tony Sserubiri – Principal Petroleum Officer, MEMD; and Juliana Keirungi –
Senior Partner, Atacama Consulting

Highlighted that the major focus around Initiative in 2020 as a means of keeping
petroleum activities is on emissions, air its extraction process transparent and
quality, noise, water and vegetation and adherent to environmental standards.
pointed out that the national petroleum Also noted that the resettlement and
policy (2008) is the guiding tool in compensation program for the project
safeguarding the environment. Noted affected persons is clear and open.
that produced natural gas during the Asserted that for every development to
production of petroleum oil such as take place, NEMA takes the lead to carry
methane will not be flared. Indicated that out environmental, and social impact
UNOC and Climate Alliance were assessment of the project to ensure the
planting many trees in the Albertine project will not have unacceptable
Graben to reduce carbon foot print. Also impacts. Also, noted that alll
informed the participants that Uganda stakeholders are involved and engaged
joined Extractive Industry Transparency before decisions are made.

87
Indicated that one of the key challenges data that could be used to assess the
of transparency is management of data. projects’ impacts on the environment.
Noting that it is very hard to come across
Insisted that inclusive decision making should be more implemented to allow
communities have their say and voices considered before project implementation.
Pointed out that it is crucial to have the necessary policy and legal framework on how
all stakeholders could be engaged in the development process of the projects. Noted
that benchmarking on the international practices could be beneficial to the country.

Asserted that every energy project should be accounted for in terms of social, economic,
environmental and political impacts because these projects require very extensive
investments. Called on the sensitization of the public about energy projects, how they
will be executed and their intended benefits to people. Recommended comparison of the
available energy source in different societies and developing them according to demand.
Recommended strengthening of the regulations to help to assess the effects of the
project. Noted that the major challenge is implementation of these policies and delay in
the rule of law to ensure justice.

Recommended the development of a central database for every project, completed,

underway and planned to enable consolidation of information and ensure that such
information is accessible by the general public. Emphasized that all ministries should
work together as one Government to ensure development and transparency.
Recommended development of a policy to protect consumers in terms of the equipment
they use.

2.6.14 Business on the Streets: Spotlight on Private Sector

Session Chair: Aidah Ssemakula – Director Consulting, Belli Advisory

Discussants: Douglas Baguma, Board Chairperson, USEA; Rikki Verma – CEO, Nexus
Green Ltd; Victor Kazimiri – Marketing Manager, AKVO International; Matinda Waringa –
CEO, Village Energy; and Joshua Mawerere – Chairperson, KACITA Youth League

88
Noted that with the business shift in focus Services (MECS). Indicated that the
from low income to middle income earners, electricity cooking tariff has become a tool
businesses were receiving increased of awareness and facilitating adoption of
income and have continued to receive good clean cooking technologies.
reports regarding the benefits from the
Cited some of the challenges hindering the
consumption of their products. However, as
uptake of clean energy that related to quality
part of the experience across Uganda over
against cost of the product, stringent
time, it was stated that solar cannot be an
measures required by financial institutions
alternative to the grid power but a
to access financing, laxity nature of
supplement. Decried the high taxes levied on
standards in the sector, a need to invest
businesses that make it very hard for them
more in clean energy to produce more,
to make profits. Noted that while
sensitization at all levels to improve
affordability of systems is key, most
awareness and the elimination of brokers in
businesses have no reverence for quality
the supply chain to increase the profits in
control but are rather more interested in
approaches of reducing costs by dealing
profits. Further highlighted that the quality
directly with manufacturers.
of installations and after-sale services are
also a glaring concern because it Recommended that the introduction of tax
determines functionality. waivers and subsidies would encourage
investors and consumers to take up clean
Indicated that there has been a lot of
energy. Also endorsed having standards
improvement in designing, engineering,
made mandatory as well as stringent
lighting, tailor-made solutions and noted the
enforcement regulations to foster quality for
need to involve the client in proper
both imported and homemade products.
education about the system is important.
Also recommended collaborations and
Alluded to the fact that there has been a
partnerships amongst the sector
gradual transition from traditional cooking
stakeholders. Finally, emphasized the need
systems to improved forms of cooking like
to increase awareness and sensitization of
LPG, Biogas and electric pressure cookers.
people about clean energy technologies.
Noted that an improvement had been
Called on the government to support the
registered in adoption of clean cooking
sector by organizing capacity building
energies, creation of awareness and
sessions to train technicians, artisans and
addressing the issues of quality and clean
business owners on issues of financing and
cooking using solar systems. Mentioned that
technologies.
registered success was attributed partly
due to the awareness campaigns held at
national level by the government through
the Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Development, and development partners
like GIZ and Modern Energy Cooking

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2.6.15 Energy transition in the context of the Global Geo-political Dynamics and Quest for
Structural Transformation in Uganda/Africa

Session Chair: Herbert Kafeero – Programs

and Communications Manager, SEATINI
Uganda
Discussants: Jane Nalunga – Executive Director,
SEATINI Uganda; Faith Lumonya – Economic
Justice and Climate Action Programme Officer,
Akina Mama wa Afrika; Paul Bagabo – Senior
Officer, Natural Resource Governance Institute;
and Siraj Magara Luyima – Energy and Extractive
Industries Coordinator, Oxfam in Uganda

Noted that there are many factors that

could make it hard for some countries to
exploit their natural resources, such as
political instability, environmental
degradation, corruption, lack of
infrastructure, and foreign interference.
Hinted that some examples of countries
that face these challenges in the
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
which has abundant mineral resources, these countries are eyeing fossil fuel
such as cobalt, copper, gold, and projects across Africa, such as the
diamonds, but has been plagued by Senegal-Mauritania gas pipeline, which
decades of conflict, violence, and poor was expected to supply Germany with
infrastructure barring exploitation. 2.5 million tons of gas by the end of 2023.

Highlighted that a lot of competition and Asserted that energy transition is not a
interest in Africa’s natural resources, one-size-fits-all solution for Africa.
especially oil and gas exist. Pointed out Therefore, pointed out that energy
that European countries are coming transition in Africa should be tailored to
back to renegotiate oil deals with African the specific context and priorities of
countries. Insisting that some of these each country and community, while also
European countries are looking for taking into account the regional and
alternatives to Russian gas imports, global implications. Highlighted that
which have become more expensive and energy transition in Africa is about
unreliable due to the geopolitical affordability and not emissions. Noting
tensions over Ukraine. Indicated that that people will only transition to the

90
source of energy that is readily available be subsidized to make it affordable to the
and affordable or cheap. local communities in different African
countries. Emphasized that private
Recommended that countries should
companies in line with the energy
focus on capacity building to equip their
transition campaign should be
citizens with the necessary skills to
empowered to reach in all corners of the
utilize the available resources. Called on
continent for both sensitization and the
regional integration to boost the
provision of services. In Uganda’s case,
exploitation capacity rather than
recommended that the resources
patterning with foreign countries.
acquired from oil and gas could be used
Recommended that clean energy should
to finance the transition.

2.7 Closing Ceremony

2.7.1 Closing Speech

Speaker: Hon. Peter Lokeris – State Minister for mineral development

Thanked all participants for being part of

this year’s conference and expo. Noted
that the REC23 and expo was part of the
Energy and Minerals Week 2023, and a
platform for insights and creating
pathways towards clean energy for all.
Recognized the technical team at the
Ministry of Energy and Mineral
Development and National Renewable
Energy Platform for the Unwavering
commitment and collaboration spirit,
great organization and making REC2023 efficiency in Uganda. Acknowledged that
and expo a success. the exhibition of innovations,
Highlighted that witnessing converging businesses, and technologies has been a
ideas and experiences from over 33 testament to show potential in the sector
countries represented at the conference and the recommendations made during
and expo reflected the ambitions to the different sessions of the event
enhance renewable energy and energy emphasized the collective struggles for
ambitious actions. Called upon

91
participants to ensure that the insights the participants that the efforts will
are turned into tangible implementations ultimately be of benefit to the present
to mitigated against climate change and and future generations.
its impacts.
Concluded by thanking everyone on
Noted that the Critical challenge that is behalf of the Ministry of Energy and
continuously emerging is the need for Mineral Development and Honorable
affordable and sustainable energy Minister Ruth Nankabirwa for the
solutions and that the spirit steadfast and overwhelming support and
demonstrated at REC23 and Expo must commitment from the ecosystem
translate into appropriate and targeted stakeholders throughout the conference,
efforts in securing the necessary and congratulated the award winners for
financial support to attain Renewable their excellence in Renewable Energy.
energy goals. Emphasized that the Further acknowledged the Event
energy sector is not only economically partners, British High Commission,
viable but also essential for sustainable TotalEnergies, GIZ, UECCC, WWF, Energy
development. Pointing out that by Catalyst UK, KFW, UNEFCO, FAO, Care
forming strong partnerships and International and all other partners that
honoring of available resources, small contributed to the success the
steps could be taken to lead to conference and expo.
significant transformations.
Thanked all the session chairs and
Further acknowledged and appreciated discussions as well as the exhibitors
of everyone for the dedication and effort who contributed to the success of REC23
involved in making the REC23 and expo a and expo and noted that the insights,
meaningful encounter in that the experiences and commitments are
discussions and engagements that were significant in the journey towards a clean
conducted enriched the event and made energy for all.
it a concern for future progress of the
Officially declared REC23 and Expo
energy sector and reminded the Ministry
closed
of its importance in shaping a
sustainable energy vision, and assured FOR GOD AND MY COUNTRY.

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