INTERMEDIATE GROUP 2023-24 FALL SEMESTER

ACTIVE VOCABULARY LIST FOR THE SPAN 2

WEEK 1

UNIT 7 – Surroundings
Phrases (p. 80):
 review (for your exams) (v)  do well (in college) (v. phrase)
 specialize (in a particular subject) (v)  (get good) results (n)
 attend (classes) (v)  research (something online) (v)
 (ancient and modern) philosophy (n)  (get an all-around) education (n)
WIDE ANGLE 4

MORE TO READ 1

TEXT 52 HISTORY OF SPACE TRAVEL

 to explore new places/outer space  to reach a conclusion (n)
to explore thoroughly/fully (v)  to anticipate a problem
great explorer (n) to anticipate that + sentence (v)
mineral/detailed/scientific exploration (n)  the main component of sth (n)
 orbiting planets/moons/satellites (adj)  to take (sth) seriously (idiom)
 to orbit the sun/the moon (v)  to enable sb to do sth (v)
 to figure out sth (phrasal verb)  virtually impossible/the same (adv)
 extensive reading/knowledge/research (adj)  to be/become determined (to do sth) (adj)
 to conclude that + sentence (v)

TEXT 87 IS AMERICA CLOSING THE ‘GOLDEN DOOR’?

 a land of immigrants/illegal immigrants (n)  to be persistent in sth (adj)
to immigrate (to...) (from) (v) a persistent problem/ cough (adj)
a rise/fall in immigration (n) to persist in (doing) sth (v)
 a (US) citizen (n)  an alien (n)
to hold/to apply for (American) citizenship (n) an alien environment/culture (adj)
 descendants of immigrants/direct descendant  to range from ... to... (v)
descendant X predecessor (n)  at an alarming rate (adj)
 unrestricted immigration/areas/access (adj) to be (extremely) alarming (adj)
 insufficient funds/time/evidence (adj)  to benefit from sth (v)
 unpredictable economies/weather/result (adj)  an over-burdened economy (adj)
 a frontier (n) to be over-burdened with sth (adj)
a frontier (town/zone) between A and B (n)  professional misconduct (n)
 constant stream of immigrants/visitors (adj) to be accused of misconduct (n)
to pay constant attention to sth (adj)  to take necessary precautions against sth (n)
 strict laws/rules/regulations/discipline (adj)  satisfactory solutions/explanation/answers/
a strict parent/teacher/Christian (adj) conclusion (adj)
 to decrease from a number to a number (v) to be entirely satisfactory (adj)
a decrease (in sth)/(by 5%) (n)  influx of immigrants/visitors/wealth (to
somewhere) (n)
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  to impose a quota/restrictions/limitation (on sth)  to partially help sth (adv)
to impose sth on sb (v) to be partially responsible/successful (adv)
 virtually impossible (adv)
 to maintain control over sb/sth (v)

RHO 5 The Artificial Meat Factory

 artificial (adj.)  to obtain sth. (from sb) (v.)

 to gather (v.)  to require sth. (v)
 to prove sth. (v.) requirement (n)
 proof (n.)  to achieve sth. (v.)
 to improve sth. (v.) achievement (n.)
 to make an improvement (n.)  first/top/main/high/low priority (n.)
 an urgent need/action/task/problem (adj.)  to estimate sth. (v.)
 urgently (adv.) to make an estimate (n.)
urgency (n.)  to differentiate between two things/A from B (v.)
 to reduce sth. (v.)
a big/large/significant/massive/dramatic reduction
(n.)

WEEK 2

UNIT 8 – Change
Technology words (p. 90):
 handheld (adj)  virtual (adj)
 access (v)  applications (n)
 upload (v)  download (v)
 browse (v)
Future time expressions (p. 95) (These phrases might be tested in grammar sections of the exams):
 in five years  the year after next
 this time tomorrow  the day after tomorrow
 by 2050  twenty years from now
WIDE ANGLE 4

READING STRATEGIES

UNIT 5 TEXT 2: THE GROWTH MINDSET

 assumption (n)  to attempt sth/to do sth (v)
to assume (that) (v)  to mold yourself/sth/sb into sth (v)
 a sense of fulfillment (n)  to cement a point/idea/relationship, etc. (v)
 to emerge from sth/a place (sth)  to alter sth such as a plan or lifestyle (v)
 diligent study/work (adj.)  a major/big/serious/severe setback (n)
 to nurture an idea/plan/feeling, etc. (v)  to be burdened with/by sth (adj)
 to label sb/sth (v) to burden sth/sb (v)
 the validity of reseach results (n)  to shift sth (v)

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  to amass information/knowledge, etc. (v) to shift from sth to sth (v)
 compelling evidence/reason/argument, etc. (adj)

UNIT 5 TEXT 1: HOW TO BEAT BOREDOM

 to engage in sth (phrasal v.)  to fulfill a goal/requirement (v)
 to date back (phrasal v.) a fulfilling career/life (adj)
 a profound effect/influence/consequence (adj.) to seek/find personal fulfillment (n)
to be profoundly disturbing/grateful (etc.) (adv)  to underline sth (v)
 internal affairs (adj.)  the underlying cause/reason/problem
internally (adv.) (adj)
 external factors/conditions (adj.)  to have a propensity to do sth (n)
externally (adv.) propensity for sth (n)
 to be/look/seem dull (adj.)  productive employees/classes (adj.)
extremely/deadly/very dull (adj) to improve/increase productivity (n)
productively (adv.)

MORE TO READ 1

TEXT 103 GLOBAL TRADE

 to have access to sth/the Internet/health care (n)  essential nutrient (n)
 essential goods/items (adj)  to encounter/overcome an obstacle to sth (n)
to be essential to/for sb  infectious diseases (adj)
it is essential to do sth to be (highly) infectious (adj)
 essential/traded goods (n)  an agricultural subsidy (n)
to buy and sell/to trade goods (n) to pay a subsidy to sb (n)
 to curtail sth (drastically/seriously) (v)  infrastructure of a city/town (n)
 instead of (prep)  to persuade sb to do sth (v)
 a startling difference/contrast (adj)
 the gap between the rich and the poor (n)

133 MIXED MESSAGES ACROSS CULTURES

 to (completely) misunderstand sb/sth (v)  to apologize (for doing sth) (v)
 to assume that + sentence (v)  to intend to do sth (v)
to make an assumption (about sth) (n) to have the intention of doing sth (n)
 to feel/be ignored (adj)  to omit sth (v)
 to do sth on purpose (phrase) the omission of sth (n)
 to impose (on people)  be/feel/look (really/quite) dreadful (adj)
 repeatedly (adv) a dreadful experience (adj)
 to greatly/mainly/entirely depend on sth (phrasal  presence X absence (of sth/sb) (n)
verb)  to disturb sb (v)
 to (attempt/manage/try to) negotiate with sb (on to be deeply/emotionally disturbed by sth (adj)
an issue) (v) a disturbing noise/news (adj)
 to be/seem (deeply/ racially) prejudiced
(against sb) (adj)

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 WEEK 3

UNIT 10 – Mysteries
(p.112)
 atmosphere (n)  (little) evidence (n)
 disappear (v)  (difficult to) prove (v)
 mysterious (circumstances) (adj)  puzzled (to discover) (adj)
 (remain a) mystery (n)  reveal (the truth) (v)

Phrases with “on” (p.116):

 on the one hand  on account of
 on the other hand  on purpose

(p.119)
 analyze (v)  concentrate (v)
 assume (v)  definite (adj)
 build up (phrasal verb)  puzzling (adj)
 complex (adj)  rational (adj)

WIDE ANGLE 4

READING STRATEGIES

UNIT 5 TEXT 3: WHY WE’RE ALL ADDICTED TO TEXTS, TWITTER, AND GOOGLE
 to desire (to do) sth (v)  a sensitive electronic camera touchpad (adj)
 abstract concepts/ ideas (adj)  to enhance sth (v)
 to be curious about sth (adj)  to stimulate sb to do sth (v)
 to form/run in a loop (n) stimulating effects (adj)
 instant success/access (adj) stimulus (pl. stimuli) (n)
 to anticipate sth/problems/changes/  an exhausting task/day/ process (adj)
developments (v) to be exhausted from/by sth (adj)
anticipation (n) exhaustion (n)
 to predict sth (v)  to accomplish sth (v)
(un)predictable (adj) to easily/successfully/safely accomplish sth (v)
accomplishment (n)
 to adjust sth (for sth) (v)
to slightly/automatically adjust sth
to make (the necessary) adjustments to sth (n)

MORE TO READ 1

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TEXT 26 JUST AS GOOD AS THE ORIGINAL
 to arrest sb (for (doing) sth) (v)  to specialize in sth (v)
 to charge sb with sth (v)  to arouse sb’s suspicion/curiosity/anger (v)
a charge against sb/a murder/an assault charge  to be ashamed of sth (adj)
(n)  greed (n)
 to accuse sb of (doing) sth (v) greedy (adj)
to make an accusation (n)  to exploit sb (v)
 to fake sth (v) exploitation (n)
a fake painting (adj)  to cheat sb (v)
 to admit (to) doing sth  to be/go on trial for sth (n)
to admit that + sentence (v)  to receive/generate publicity (n)
 to trace sb/sth (v) good/bad/adverse publicity (n)
to disappear/vanish without (a) trace (n)  to appear on TV (v)
 a genuine painting (adj)  remarkable
 to take delight in (doing) sth (n) talent/achievement/accomplishment (adj)
 so-called (adj)
 to do sth discreetly (adv)
to be discreet (adj)
WEEK 4

TEXT 56 SALT
 find/have (direct) evidence (to prove sth.) (n)  to point out sth./that + sentence (phrasal verb)
 to (clearly) indicate sth/that + sentence. (v) to point sth. out (phrasal verb)
 to reduce gradually/dramatically/  to maintain/control (alcohol/drug/water) intake
 slightly (v) (n)
to reduce from sth. to sth. (v) the average intake of sth. (n)
a reduction in sth/ in the price of sth. (n)  to be/become/consider sth (absolutely/truly)
 to be concerned that + sentence (adj) essential (adj)
to be concerned about sth (adj) an essential nutrient / requirement (adj)
 excessive use of sth. (adj)  an essential nutrient (n)
excessively (adv) to be rich in nutrients (n)
 to manufacture goods/products (v) nutritional foods (adj)
a manufacturer (n)  to be/become keen on sth. (adj)
 to be/appear/seem/look/become reluctant to  to greatly fear sth/that + sentence (v)
do sth. (adj) to have/feel/experience a deep fear of sth. (n)
 to conduct a study/an experiment/a survey (v)
 to result in sth/failure (phrasal verb)

WIDE ANGLE 4
UNIT 11 – Wishes
(p. 125)
 calm down (quickly) (phrasal verb)  get over (problems) (phrasal verb)
 regret (v)  adapt (to new situations) (v)
 get (sb/sth) wrong (idiom)  deal with (phrasal verb)
 cope (with problems) (v)

Prefixes (p. 129)

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  misinform (v)  rewrite (v)
 misunderstand (v)  replace (v)
 misuse (v)  overdo (v)
 misbehave (v)  overcooked (adj)
 rebuild (v)  overload (n)
 review (v)

MORE TO READ 1

TEXT 84 ARRANGED MARRIAGES: AN ALTERNATIVE TO LOVE MARRIAGES

 to practice sth (v)  to view sb/sth as sth (v)
to ban/prevent/stop the practice of sth (n)  to (commonly/frequently/infrequently/rarely
 participation in sth (n) naturally) occur (v)
to participate in sth (v)  to reflect sth (v)
 the border between two countries (n)  urban X rural (adj)
 an alliance between two countries/parties (n)  to be convenient X inconvenient (for sb) (adj)
to form/make an alliance (n) the convenience X inconvenience of (doing) sth
an alliance with sb/sth (n) (n)
a meeting of the European allies (n)  to reveal sth (to sb) (v)
 to be/become/remain/ regard sth as crucial (for to reveal that + sentence (v)
sth) (adj)  to forbid sb from doing sth (v)
 a prospective couple/husband/teacher (adj) to forbid sb to do sth (v)
 to be/become out of date (adj)

TEXT 127 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

 ancient times/civilizations/Egypt/Greece  to rely (heavily) on/upon sth/sb (phrasal verb)
(adj)  to be compatible with sth (adj)
 to expand into sth (v) IBM-/IOS-/Android-compatible computers
 to expand sb’s horizons (v) (adj)
 to expand rapidly (v)  voice/face recognition (technology) (n)
 a dedicated to show recognition (n)
mother/teacher/researcher/sports fan (adj)  to meet/satisfy a demand for sth (n)
 to be dedicated to sth (adj) growing demand for sth (n)
 to prepare the ground (for sth) (idiom)  to demand sth/to do sth (v)
 a link between sth and sth/with sth (n)  advancement in sth (n)
 to maintain that + sent. (v) the advancement of knowledge/education/
 the founder of a company/brand/an science (n)
organization (n)  inevitably (adv)
 to serve as sth (v)  to be absolutely/apparently inevitable (adj)
 to a certain/great/some/large extent (n) it is inevitable that + sentence (adj)
 to make/achieve a major/significant an inevitable consequence/result (of sth) (adj)
breakthrough in sth (n)
 to stand for sth (phrasal verb)
 pace of sth (n)
to keep pace with sb/sth (n)
to move at a certain pace (n)

RHO 6 (MTR 1 TEXT 57 MEAT? NO, THANKS)

 to be aware of sth (adj)  to treat sb with respect/consideration/suspicion

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 to be aware that + sentence (adj) (n)
to raise/increase/develop an awareness (of sth) to treat sb as sth/to treat sb like sth (v)
(n) treatment (n)
environmental/political/social awareness (n)  intolerance of sb/sth X tolerance of sb/sth (n)
 to have a suspicion that + sentence (n) tolerant of sb/sth X intolerant of sb/sth (adj)
to be suspicious (of/about sb/sth) (adj) to tolerate sth (v)
suspiciously (adv) to tolerate (sb/sth) doing sth (v)
 mutual distrust (n)  to indicate sth (v)
a deep distrust of modern technology/the to indicate that+ sentence (v)
media/journalists (n)  to include sth (v)
to distrust sb/sth (v) to include doing sth (v)
 morally/economically/commercially justifiable  to put up with sb/sth (phrasal verb)
(adj)  to destroy sth (v)
to justify (doing) sth (v)  to prohibit sth (v)
justification for (doing) sth (n) to prohibit sb from doing sth (v)
 a conscious decision/choice/effort (adj) the prohibition of sth (n)
to do sth consciously (adv)  to react to sth/sb (v)
consciousness (n) to react by doing sth (v)
reaction to sb/sth (n)

WEEK 5

WIDE ANGLE 4

UNIT 12 – Wisdom
Phrases for introducing direct and reported speech (p.138):
 According to…,  As reported by…,
 As…says,…  In… words,…

p.140:
 figure out (phrasal verb)  notice (an improvement) (v)
 make use of (phrase)  get on with (phrasal verb)
 give sth a try (verb phrase)  take an alternative approach (verb phrase)

READING STRATEGIES

UNIT 6 TEXT 2: FROZEN BODY: CAN WE RETURN FROM THE DEAD?

 to preserve sth (v)  to be on a transplant list (n)
preservation of sth/sb (n) transplantation (n)
well-preserved (adj.) to transplant an organ (v)
 to restore sth (v)  to die of/have medical complications (n)
the restoration of sth (n)  to be fragile (adj)
 to declare sth/legally dead (v)  to make up sth (phrasal verb)
 to be sufficient X insufficient (adj)  to disrupt the function of sth (v)
(in)sufficiently) (adv)  subtle properties (adj)
 to be inevitable (adj)  crucial connections (adj)
 to overcome a situation (v) to be crucial (adj)
 to employ (v) crucially (adv)
 to retain (a part of) sth (v)

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 WEEK 6

READING STRATEGIES
UNIT 6 TEXT 3: SWEATSHOPS
 to be subject to sth (usually unpleasant) (adj)  to signal sth (v)
 political/racial/sexual oppression (n)  to ensure sth/that + sentence (v)
 a political controversy (n)  to impose a rule/punishment tax, etc. (v)
a controversy that surrounds…/ surrounding… to impose sth on sb/sth (v.)
(n)  to prohibit smoking/hunting etc. (v)
a controversial issue (adj) to prohibit sb. from doing sth. (v.)
 common/human/public decency (n)  a basic necessity (n)
a decent person/place/behaviour etc. (adj) necessity for sth (n)
 to contract with sb/a group/a company (v)  a devastating effect/impact/loss, etc.
 to constitute an alternative/a threat, etc. for/to (adj)
sb (v)  an applicable
 to earn a good/living wage (n) solution/method/conclusion (adj)
a weekly/ monthly wage a universally applicable solution to a
 a/an (il)legitimate economy/ child/ business problem (adj)
(adj) to apply an idea/ method/ solution, etc.
(v)

UNIT 6 TEXT 1: IS INTER-RAILING STILL A RITE OF PASSAGE?

 to salvage sth from sth (v)  to assure (that sth happens)
 to be a sophisticated person (adj)  to devote (your life) to sth/sb (v)
 to show resourcefulness (n)  the essence of sth (n)
 to keep an impressive itinerary (adj)  to be (less) naive (adj)

MORE TO READ 1

128 STEPHEN HAWKING: CHANGING OUR VIEW OF THE UNIVERSE

 to struggle to do sth (v)  to use up (sth) (phrasal verb)
 to deal with sb/sth (phrasal verb) to use (sth) up (completely) (phrasal verb)
 to rule sth/a country/for a period of time (v)  to emit gas/heat/light/energy/electrons (v)
 the law of gravity (n)  to confine sb to sth (v)
the force of gravity (n)  barely (adv)
 gravitational pull of the planets/the Earth  to progress rapidly/quickly/slowly (v)
 extraordinary (adj)  to give up (doing) sth (phrasal verb)
 to remain a mystery (n)  to lead a
 incredibly (adv) busy/quiet/sedentary/normal/active life (v)
 a dense population/forest/fog/region/area  to soar dramatically (v)
(adj) temperatures/ prices/ costs soar (v)
 to exert force/pressure/influence (v)

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TEXT 160 THE NEW IMAGE OF MUSEUMS
 an art exhibit (n)  to appeal to sb (v)
to exhibit sth at/in somewhere (v)  to find sth appealing (adj)
 free admission (n) to make sth appealing to sb (adj)
admission charge (n)  to be devoted to sb/sth (adj)
 to charge admission fees (v)  annual fee/budget/income (adj)
to charge sb for sth (v)  admission/ annual fee (n)
 to persuade sb to do sth (v)  annual/monthly/regular/national income (n)
 to receive/apply for a grant (n) receive/provide (sb with) income (n)
a government/research/student grant (n)  to seek funding for a project/employment (v)
 to abolish sth/a law (v)  to have a new/basic/remarkable/unusual feature
 to be worth doing sth (adj) (n)
 to maintain a building/road/machine (v) feature of sth (n)
 a commercial organization/ success/ sponsorship
(adj)

WEEK 7

MORE TO READ 1

TEXT 162 CINEMA

 rapidly growing/changing/expanding (adv)  to make/reach a compromise (n)
a rapid change/growth (adj) to compromise (with sb) (on sth) (v)
 solely (adv)  to decline (v)
sole survivor/responsibility (adj) a rapid/sharp/gradual/dramatic decline (in sth)
 to flourish (v) (n)
 to make innovations in sth/computer technology (n)  consistently (adv)
financial/organizational/technological/technical to be consistent X inconsistent (adj)
innovation (n)  contemporary directors/music/dance (adj)
 commercially viable (adv)  a prolific artist/writer/author (adj)
commercially produced/grown/developed (adv)  a striking resemblance/similarity/contrast (adj)
a commercial organization/success (adj)  competition (between/with sb) (for sth) (n)
 to release a movie/book/CD (v) competitive (adj)
 the golden era (n) to compete with/against sb for sth (v)
 the advent of sth (n)  a lasting influence/peace/impression (adj)
 fierce competition/criticism/opposition (adj) a long-lasting effect (adj)

TEXT 98 WASTE DISPOSAL CRISIS

 waste disposal (n)  to decompose (sth into sth) (v)
to dispose of sth (phrasal verb)  to reclaim sth/sb (from sb/sth) (v)
 human/animal/hazardous/toxic waste (n)  to be determined by sth (verb)
 to throw out/to take out trash/garbage (n) a determined effort/ opposition (adj)
 either...or (conjunction)  to generate garbage/electricity/heat/energy/
 residential areas/home (adj) income/profit (v)

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 to apply modern methods (v)  eventually (adv)
to apply to sb/sth to sth (v)  to separate sth from sth (v)
 to leak out of sth (v)
leakage (of sth) (n)

TEXT 113 MONSTERS OR VICTIMS

 motive for (doing) sth (n)  to disguise sb/sth (as sb/sth) (v)
motive behind sth (n) disguise (n)
 to result from sth (phrasal verb)  to enforce a law/ban (v)
result (of sth) (n) law enforcement (n)
 unfulfilled desires/hopes/promises/ambitions (adj)  an accident/earthquake/famine victim (n)
 to be insane (adj)  to tend to do sth (v)
insanity (n) to have a tendency to do sth (n)
 character/personal/genetic traits (n)  to fit the stereotype of sth/
 to ill-treat sb (v) cultural/gender/racial stereotypes (n)
ill-treatment (n)  destruction (n)
to treat sb with respect/consideration/suspicion (v) to destroy sb/sth (v)
to treat sb like sth (v)  to blame sb/sth for sth/doing sth (v)
treatment (n) to put the blame for sth on sb (n)
 to adopt a child/an animal (v)  to deserve sth (v)
 to torture sb (v) to deserve to do sth (v)
torture (n)  impulse (to do sth) (n)
 to be fascinated by sth/sb (adj) to act on impulse (n)
to be fascinated to see/hear/learn sth (adj)

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