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    Tilting the nozzle or propeller shaft of an azimuth thruster can significantly reduce thrust losses from interactions with neighboring thrusters or the hull. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that tilting the nozzle or shaft deflects the slipstream downwards, minimizing these interactions. Simulation results indicated potential performance improvements from tilting, with reductions in relative interaction losses of 1.4-4.8% for different vessel speeds. While tilting the nozzle and shaft provided similar benefits at low speeds, tilting just the shaft may provide an additional 0.5-2.5% gain in efficiency at higher speeds. Tilting can therefore increase station keeping performance for applications where significant thrust losses otherwise occur.

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    41 Azimuth-2p-21 10 22

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    hellix
    24 views2 pages
    Tilting the nozzle or propeller shaft of an azimuth thruster can significantly reduce thrust losses from interactions with neighboring thrusters or the hull. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that tilting the nozzle or shaft deflects the slipstream downwards, minimizing these interactions. Simulation results indicated potential performance improvements from tilting, with reductions in relative interaction losses of 1.4-4.8% for different vessel speeds. While tilting the nozzle and shaft provided similar benefits at low speeds, tilting just the shaft may provide an additional 0.5-2.5% gain in efficiency at higher speeds. Tilting can therefore increase station keeping performance for applications where significant thrust losses otherwise occur.

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    Kongsberg thruster.

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    41.azimuth-2p-21.10.22

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    Tilting the nozzle or propeller shaft of an azimuth thruster can significantly reduce thrust losses from interactions with neighboring thrusters or the hull. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that tilting the nozzle or shaft deflects the slipstream downwards, minimizing these interactions. Simulation results indicated potential performance improvements from tilting, with reductions in relative interaction losses of 1.4-4.8% for different vessel speeds. While tilting the nozzle and shaft provided similar benefits at low speeds, tilting just the shaft may provide an additional 0.5-2.5% gain in efficiency at higher speeds. Tilting can therefore increase station keeping performance for applications where significant thrust losses otherwise occur.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    24 views2 pages

    41 Azimuth-2p-21 10 22

    Uploaded by

    hellix
    Tilting the nozzle or propeller shaft of an azimuth thruster can significantly reduce thrust losses from interactions with neighboring thrusters or the hull. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed that tilting the nozzle or shaft deflects the slipstream downwards, minimizing these interactions. Simulation results indicated potential performance improvements from tilting, with reductions in relative interaction losses of 1.4-4.8% for different vessel speeds. While tilting the nozzle and shaft provided similar benefits at low speeds, tilting just the shaft may provide an additional 0.5-2.5% gain in efficiency at higher speeds. Tilting can therefore increase station keeping performance for applications where significant thrust losses otherwise occur.

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    of 2

    TITLED NOZZLE

    EFFECT OF

    Example: UUC thruster


    with tilted nozzle

    KONGSBERG AZIMUTH THRUSTERS

    EFFECT OF TILTED NOZZLE


    Background
    The propagation direction and velocity distribution of propeller slipstreams
    are crucial for station keeping performance and low speed manoeuvring
    operations. That is because the slipstream can interfere with neighbouring
    thrusters and/or the hull, as sketched in Figure 1. These slipstream interactions
    can lead to significant reductions of the station keeping performance.
    Typical thrust losses are in the range 10-30%, but even 50% loss has
    been measured for certain hull applications.

    Reduction of interaction losses


    In the horizontal plane, it is possible to minimize thrust interaction loss
    by alterations of slipstream directions through changes in azimuth
    angle of adjacent thrusters.

    The Coanda effect leads to deflection of the


    slipstream and associated thrust loss.

    Not tilted

    Tilted

    Figure 1:
    Thruster-hull interaction

    kongsberg.com 41.Azimuth-1 of 2-21.10.22


    Not tilted

    It is also beneficial to control the slipstream in the vertical plane. This


    can be done by tilting the nozzle. An alternative method is to tilt also
    the propeller shaft, which means that the input shaft and the propeller
    shaft are not perpendicular. Both alternatives turn the slipstream
    direction downwards, leading to a considerable reduction of the interaction
    losses. Advanced CFD simulations have been carried out in order to
    compare the performance of azimuth thrusters using different tilting
    options.

    URANS CFD simulation


    Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes simulations in full scale
    are performed with ANSYS Fluent. Propeller is rotated using sliding
    Tilted nozzle
    mesh technology, in order to achieve the correct unsteady propeller
    slipstream behaviour. Such simulations are very time- and computational
    demanding.

    Results
    Figure 2 shows the simulated propeller slipstream created by the three
    thruster versions. It is seen that for both tilted nozzle and tilted shaft,
    the slipstream is directed downwards. This will significantly reduce
    the thrust interaction losses compared to a horizontally directed
    slipstream.

    Results for the thruster performance are presented in Table 1 below.


    It is a comparison of merit coefficient or efficiency between thruster Tilted shaft
    versions. Merit coefficient and efficiency are dimensionless relationships
    between thrust and torque. A negative difference represents reduction
    in performance. The results in Table 1 include an estimate of interaction
    losses, based on model test results. For many applications, the thruster or
    nozzle that has no tilt will experience much larger interaction losses
    than the tilted versions, hence are tilted versions highly preferable for
    these applications.

    For manoeuvring close to zero advance speed (or bollard condition),


    it is no difference in merit coefficient between tilted nozzle and tilted
    shaft. However, at higher vessel speed, 0.5-2.5% can be gained by a
    tilted shaft.
    Figure 2:
    Propeller slipstreams from URANS simulation.
    Table 1: Results from URANS open water simulation

    Relative Relative
    interaction interaction SUM
    loss (*) loss (*) (*)

    Not tilted -25 % - -25 %


    Merit coefficient in manoeuvring (0.2 knots) Tilted nozzle - -1.4 % -1.4 %
    Tilted shaft - -1.4 % -1.4 %

    Not tilted -10 % - -10 %


    Efficiency in 6 knot Tilted nozzle - -4.8 % -4.8 %
    Tilted shaft - -2.5 % -2.5 %

    Not tilted -5.0 % - -5.0 %


    Efficiency in 12 knot Tilted nozzle - -3.5 % -3.5 %
    Tilted shaft - -3.0 % -3.0 %

    (*) The figures for relative interaction loss in Table 1 are estimated from model test results. These figures are
    dependent on hull application and thruster configuration.

    Kongsberg Maritime Switchboard: +47 815 73 700


    P.O.Box 483, NO-3601 Global support 24/7: +47 33 03 24 07
    Kongsberg, Norway E-mail sales: [email protected]
    E-mail support: [email protected]
    41.Azimuth-2 of 2-21.10.22

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