X-FACTOR

Sahara Garden city Road, Adityapur-2, JSR -14

ACID BASES & SALT

Class 10 - Science
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.

2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student is expected to

attempt only one of these questions.

3. Section A consists of 20 objective-type questions carrying 1 mark each.

4. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the

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range of 30 to 50 words.

5. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these questions should
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be in the range of 50 to 80 words.

6. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers to these questions should
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be in the range of 80 to 120 words.

7. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each with sub-parts.

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Section A
1. Which gas is liberated when HCl is added to a sample of solid Na2CO3? [1]
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a) Carbon dioxide b) Nitride

c) Carbon monoxide d) Carbide

2. One of the constituents of baking powder is sodium hydrogencarbonate, the other constituent is [1]

a) Acetic acid b) Sulphuric acid

c) Tartaric acid d) Hydrochloric acid

3. The acid produced in stomach is: [1]

a) HNO3 b) H2SO4

c) HCl d) CH3COOH

4. Two solution A and B were found to have pH values of 6 and 8 respectively. The inference which can be drawn [1]
is

a) the strength of solution B is higher that of A b) both are acid solutions

c) both are basic solutions d) A is an acid while B is a base

5. Assertion (A): While dissolving an acid or base in water, the acids must always be added slowly to water with [1]
constant stirring.

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 Reason (R): Dissolving an acid on a base in water is a highly exothermic reaction.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

6. Assertion (A): The acidity of Mg(OH)2 is two. [1]

Reason (R): The acidity of a base is equal to the number of hydroxyl ions.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

7. Assertion (A): On adding H2SO4 to water the resulting aqueous solution gets corrosive. [1]

Reason (R): Hydronium ions are responsible for corrosive action.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

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8. On putting few drops of an unknown liquid on the pH strip as shown here, the colour of pH strip changed to [1]
violet.The liquid taken is likely to be :
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a) dilute acetic acid b) dilute sodium hydroxide

c) water d) dilute hydrochloric acid

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9. Equal volumes of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions of same concentration are mixed and the [1]
pH of the resulting solution is checked with a pH paper. What would be the colour obtained? (You may use
colour guide given in Figure

a) Red b) Blue

c) Yellowish green d) Yellow

10. Match the following with correct response. [1]

Column A Column B

(i) Strong acid (a) H2SO4

(ii) Strong base (b) CH3COOH

(iii) Weak acid (c) NaOH

(iv) Weak base (d) NH4OH

a) (i) - (d), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (c), (iv) - (b) b) (i) - (b), (ii) - (d), (iii) - (a), (iv) - (c)

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 c) (i) - (c), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (d), (iv) - (a) d) (i) - (a), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (b), (iv) - (d)
11. Match the following with correct response. [1]

(1) Citric acid (A) Vinegar

(2) acetic acid (B) tamarind

(3) Nitric acid (C) mineral acid

(4) Tartaric acid (D) Lemon

a) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D b) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B

c) 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C d) 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A

12. A teacher provided acetic acid, water, lemon juice, aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate and sodium [1]
hydroxide to students in the school laboratory to determine the pH values of these substances using pH papers.
One of the students reported the pH values of the given substances as 3,12, 4, 8 and 14 respectively. Which one
of these values is not correct? Write its correct value stating the reason.
13. Give two uses of chlorine. [1]
14. Give one example of weak base. [1]

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15. An aqueous solution turns red litmus solution blue. Excess addition of which solution would reverse the change? [1]
16. Why are some perishable food preserved in Vinegar? [1]
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Section B
17. State True or False: [2]
(i) The optimum pH for the activity of chymotrypsin is 4-5. [1]
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(ii) Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth is lower than 5.5 [1]
18. Fill in the blanks: [2]
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(i) Aqueous solution of sodium chloride is called ________. [1]

(ii) A solution of certain salts ________ the colour of litmus solution. [1]
19. How is plaster of Paris obtained ? What reaction is involved in setting of a paste of plaster of Paris ? [2]
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20. A student added few pieces of aluminium metal to two test tubes A and B containing aqueous solution of iron [2]
sulphate and copper sulphate. In the second part of her experiment, she added iron metal to another test tube C
and D containing aqueous solution of aluminium sulphate and copper sulphate.
In which test tube or test tubes will she observe colour change? On the basis of this experiment state which one
is the most reactive metal and why?
21. A student prepared a special ink using some basic chemical compound. The colour of the ink is blue. The [2]
imprints marked on white paper using this ink turn invisible when the paper is heated slightly and the imprints
reappear when the paper is kept outside for some time. Explain the observations.
OR
Identify the acid and the base from which sodium chloride is obtained. Which type of salt is it? When is it called rock
salt? How is rock salt formed?
22. i. State the purpose of developing pH scale. [2]
ii. Mention the pH range for acid and bases.
OR
Give some practical uses of neutralization.
23. You have two solutions. A and B, the pH of solution A is 6 and pH of solution B is 8. Which solution has more [2]

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 hydrogen ion concentration? Which of this is acidic and which one is basic?
24. The conditions preferred by some plants are shown in the table below: [2]

Plant Apple Potato Black currant Mint Onion Strawberry Lettuce

pH 5.0 - 6.5 4.5 - 6.0 6.0 - 8.0 7.0 - 8.0 6.0 - 7.0 5.0 - 7.0 6.0 - 7.0

(i) Which plants grow well over the largest range of pH values?
(ii) Which plant can grow in the most acidic soil?
(iii) Which plant can grow in the basic soil?
Section C
25. Rahul was playing with his friends. Suddenly, Rahul was stung by a honeybee and was in great pain. [3]
Immediately, his friends call his mother. She applied a coating of toothpaste on the affected area and then took
him to the doctor.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions.
i. What could be the reason for this burning pain?
ii. Why did his mother applied toothpaste on the affected area?
iii. What qualities are possessed by Rahul's friends?

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26. A sulphate salt of Group 2 element of the Periodic Table is a white, soft substance, which can be moulded into [3]
different shapes by making its dough. When this compound is left in open for some time, it becomes a solid
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mass and cannot be used for moulding purposes. Identify the sulphate salt and why does it show such a
behaviour? Give the reaction involved.
OR
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A compound which is prepared from gypsum has the property of hardening when mixed with a proper quantity of
water. Identify the compound. Write the chemical equation for its preparation. For what purpose is it used in
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hospitals?
27. A white shirt has a yellow stain of curry. When soap is rubbed on this shirt during washing, the yellow stain [3]
turns reddish-brown. On rinsing the shirt with plenty of water, the reddish-brown stain turns yellow again.
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i. Name the natural indicator present in curry stain.

ii. Explain the changes in colour of this indicator which take place during washing and rinsing the shirt.
iii. What is the nature of soap (acidic/basic) as shown by the indicator present in curry stain?
28. A chemical compound X is prepared using sodium chloride as starting material. The compound X is used for [3]
faster cooking. It also finds use as an ingredient in medicine to treat indigestion.
i. Identify the compound X.
ii. Give an equation for the chemical reaction which takes place upon heating X during cooking.
iii. Which quality of compound X makes it suitable for treating indigestion?
OR
Justify HNO3 and KOH are respectively strong and weak acid and base.

29. While eating food, you spill some curry on your white shirt. You immediately scrub it with soap. What happens [3]
to its yellow colour on scrubbing with soap? What happens to this stain when the shirt is washed with plenty of
water?
30. Sugandha prepares HCl gas in her school laboratory using certain chemicals. She puts both dry and wet litmus [3]
paper in contact with the gas.
i. Name the reagent used by Sugandha to prepare HCl gas.

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 ii. State the colour change observed with dry and wet litmus paper.
iii. Show the formation of ions when HCl gas combines with water.
31. Describe an activity to show that the effect of base is nullified by addition of an acid and vice versa. What is the [3]
name given to this reaction? Define it.
OR
A milkman adds a very small amount of baking soda to fresh milk.
i. Why does he shift the pH of the fresh milk from 6 to slightly alkaline?
ii. Why does this milk take a long time to set as curd?
iii. What do you expect to observe when milk comes to boil?
Section D
32. Read the following and answer any four questions: [4]
A scale for measuring hydronium ion in a solution called the pH scale. The pH of a neutral solution is 7. A value
of less than 7 on the pH scale represents an acidic solution. As the pH value, increases from 7 to 14 it represents
OH- ion concentration in solution i.e a basic solution.

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i. Human Body works within the pH range of
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a. 7.4 to 8
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b. 4.4 to 5.4
c. 7 to 7.8
d. 6.1 to 7
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ii. The strength of acid and bases depend on the ________

a. number of H+ ion produce

b. number of OH- ion produce
c. both (a) and (b)
d. none of the above
iii. A solution turns red litmus blue, its pH is likely to be
a. 1
b. 4
c. 5
d. 10
iv. Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth lower than
a. 7.5
b. 5.5
c. 6.7
d. 8.4
v. The higher the hydronium ion concentration ________ is the pH value.

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 a. lower
b. greater
c. same
d. zero
33. Read the following and answer any four questions: [4]
Experiment-1 to show the reaction of dilute sulphuric acid with zinc a few pieces of zinc granules in the boiling
tube is taken and 5ml of dil. H2SO4 added to it and the gas bubble is formed.

Experiment-2 of passing CO2 gas through calcium hydroxide solution. On passing the carbon dioxide gas
evolved through lime water.

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i. In experiment 1 which gas evolved which produce the pop sound:
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a. Oxygen
b. Hydrogen
c. Nitrogen
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d. CO2

ii. The reaction that takes place in experiment 2 is:

a. 2NaOH + Zn → Na2ZnO2 + H2
b. 2NaOH + Fe → Na2FeO2 + H2

c. 2KOH + Zn → K2ZnO2 + H2
d. 2NaOH + Sn → Na2SnO2 + H2

iii. In experiment-2 neutralization reaction can be written as:

a. Base + Acid → salt + water
b. Base + Base → Strong base
c. Acid + Acid → Strong acid
d. None of the above
iv. The chemical formula of sodium zincate:
a. Na2ZnO2
b. Na3ZnO3

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 c. Na6ZnO3
d. Na4ZnO3

v. In experiment - 2 the product which is formed on passing excess of CO2 in CaCO3:

a. Ca(CO3)
b. Ca2(HCO3)
c. Ca2CO3

d. Ca(HCO3)2

34. Read the following and answer any four questions: [4]
Copper sulphate crystal contains water of crystallisation when the crystal is heated the water is removed and salt
turns white. The crystal can be moistened again with water. The water of crystallisation is the fixed number of
water molecule present in 1 formula unit of copper sulphate. On heating gypsum at 373K, it loses water
molecule and became calcium sulphate hemihydrate.

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i. If the crystal is moistened with water ________ colour of crystal reappear

a. blue
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b. green
c. black
d. pink
ii. What is the commercial name of calcium sulphate hemihydrate?
a. Washing soda
b. Bleaching powder
c. Plaster of Paris
d. Baking soda
iii. ________ water molecules are present in one formula unit of copper sulphate.
a. Five
b. Two
c. Six
d. Seven
iv. On heating gypsum at 373 K, it loses water molecules and becomes
a. CaCO3⋅ H2O
1

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 b. CaCl2⋅ H2O
1

c. CaSO3.⋅ H2O
1

d. CaSO4.⋅ H2O
1

v. The salt which possesses water of crystalline solution is ________.

a. baking soda
b. gypsum
c. washing powder
d. bleaching powder
Section E
35. Write the formulae of the salts given below: [5]
Potassium sulphate, sodium sulphate, calcium sulphate, magnesium sulphate, copper sulphate, sodium chloride,
sodium nitrate, sodium carbonate and ammonium chloride.
Identify the acids and bases from which the above salts may be obtained. How many families can you identify
among these salts?
OR
How would you obtain a base from other base, an alkali from a base, salt from another salt.

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36. (a) The PH of rain water collected from two cities A and B was found to be 6 and 5 respectively. Water of which [5]
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city is more acidic? Find out the ratio of hydrogen ion concentration in the two samples of rain water?
(b) Arrange the following in order (ascending) of their PH values.
N aOH solution, Blood, lemon Juice.
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OR
Give the name of raw materials that are required for the manufacture of washing soda. Write the reaction involved in
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the process.
37. Solution A turns the universal indicator blue to purple whereas solution B turns the universal indicator orange to [5]
red.
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i. What will be the action of solution A on litmus?

ii. What will be the action of solution B on litmus?
iii. Name any two substances which can give solutions like A.
iv. Name any two substances which can give solutions like B.
v. What sort of reaction takes place when solution A reacts with solution B?
OR
i. What is meant by pH?
ii. Water is a neutral substance. What colour will you get when you add a few drops of universal indicator to a test
tube containing distilled water?
iii. Two solutions A and B have pH values of 3.0 and 9.5, respectively. Which of these will turn litmus solution from
blue to red and which will turn phenolphthalein from colourless to pink?

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