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    Skeletal System

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    melendezramesesjoseph
    The document describes the bones of the upper and lower limbs. It details the individual bones of the arm, forearm, hand, thigh, leg, ankle and foot. For each bone, it identifies key features like processes, tuberosities, lines, ridges and articulation surfaces. It also defines common bone types like long, short, irregular, flat bones. Bone structures like the diaphysis, epiphysis and periosteum are explained. Mnemonics are provided to remember the tarsal bones.

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    Skeletal System

    Uploaded by

    melendezramesesjoseph
    10 views5 pages
    The document describes the bones of the upper and lower limbs. It details the individual bones of the arm, forearm, hand, thigh, leg, ankle and foot. For each bone, it identifies key features like processes, tuberosities, lines, ridges and articulation surfaces. It also defines common bone types like long, short, irregular, flat bones. Bone structures like the diaphysis, epiphysis and periosteum are explained. Mnemonics are provided to remember the tarsal bones.

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    SKELETAL SYSTEM

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    The document describes the bones of the upper and lower limbs. It details the individual bones of the arm, forearm, hand, thigh, leg, ankle and foot. For each bone, it identifies key features like processes, tuberosities, lines, ridges and articulation surfaces. It also defines common bone types like long, short, irregular, flat bones. Bone structures like the diaphysis, epiphysis and periosteum are explained. Mnemonics are provided to remember the tarsal bones.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    10 views5 pages

    Skeletal System

    Uploaded by

    melendezramesesjoseph
    The document describes the bones of the upper and lower limbs. It details the individual bones of the arm, forearm, hand, thigh, leg, ankle and foot. For each bone, it identifies key features like processes, tuberosities, lines, ridges and articulation surfaces. It also defines common bone types like long, short, irregular, flat bones. Bone structures like the diaphysis, epiphysis and periosteum are explained. Mnemonics are provided to remember the tarsal bones.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 5

    Neck of Radius Ulnar notch of Radius

    -Articulates with round head of the ulna;


    Slight depression at the mediodistal end of
    the bone

    Styloid Process of Radius


    Projects distally from its lateral margin

    Bicipital Tuberosity (Radial


    Tuberosity)
    -attachment of the biceps brachii tendon.

    Ulna
    -The ulna is one of the two long bones in the
    forearm; In anatomical position, the ulna is
    located at the side of the forearm closest to
    the body

    Interosseous Border
    -For the attachment of the interosseous
    membrane connecting the radius and the
    ulna.

    CARPAL BONES
    There are 8 carpal bones made up of 2 rows.
    A. Proximal row from lateral to medial –
    scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform

    B. Distal row from lateral to medial –


    trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate
    METACARPAL BONES AND Types of Bone
    PHALANGES Long -
    Short -Almost same length and width (e.g
    - There are 5 metacarpal bones.
    carpal wrist bones and tarsal ankle bones)
    - The first metacarpal bone of the thumb is the
    shortest and most mobile Irregular - hindi nag fall sa long and short
    - There are three phalanges for each finger but bones / Vertebra, calcaneus
    only two for the thumb. Sesamoid - Shape like sesame seed (Patella
    and pisiform)
    Flat -Scapula and sternum serves to protect
    / Palpetion

    2parts of IV Disc
    -Annulus Fibrosus 50-60 percent made of
    collagen
    -Nucleus Pulposus 50-80 percent water to
    lubricate 10-20 percent collagen

    Atlanto -Occipital - Cervical flexion


    Atlanto- Cervical Extension
    Bones of the Lower Limbs
    -The thigh has one bone (Femur – thigh bone) Types of Ribs
    - The leg has two bones (Tibia and Fibula)
    True ribs 1-7
    False ribs 8-10
    The foot Floating ribs -11-12
    Tarsus – ankle
    Metatarsals – sole
    Phalanges – toes
    Innominate Bone
    The hip bone, innominate bone or coxal
    bone is a large, flattened, irregularly shaped
    bone, constricted in the center and
    expanded above and below. (Pelvic Cavity)

    Arcuate Line
    The arcuate line of the ilium is a smooth
    rounded border on the internal surface of
    the ilium. It is immediately inferior to the iliac
    fossa and Iliacus muscle.

    Pubis

    Bone Structures:

    Diaphysis -Gitna
    Epiphysis -Dulo ng buto
    Metaphysis -Between Epi and Dia
    /Connector
    Periosteum -Outermost
    Medullary Cavity -Hallowed part
    Articular Cartilage -Cartilage
    Pubic Crest Gluteal Tuberosity
    Medial to the pubic tubercle is the pubic crest, The lateral ridge of the linea aspera is very rough,
    which extends from this process to the medial and runs almost vertically upward to the base of
    end of the bone. the greater trochanter. It is termed the gluteal
    tuberosity, and gives attachment to part of the
    Gluteus maximus.

    Pecten (Pectineal Line)


    The pecten pubis or pectineal line of the Linea Aspera
    pubis is a ridge on the superior ramus of the The linea aspera (L. rough line) is a ridge of
    pubic bone. roughened surface on the posterior aspect of the
    femur, to which are attached muscles and
    intermuscular septum.

    Iliopectineal line
    is the border of the iliopubic eminence. It can
    be defined as a compound structure of the
    arcuate line (from the ilium) and pectineal
    line (from the pubis).
    Supracondylar Ridges

    Obturator Crest
    The anterior border of superior pubic ramus
    presents a sharp margin, the obturator crest,
    which forms part of the circumference of the
    obturator foramen superiorly and affords Condyles and Intercondylar
    attachment to the obturator membrane. Fossa
    Epicondyles and Adductor Patella
    The patella, also known as the knee cap or
    Tubercle kneepan, is a thick, circular-triangular bone
    which articulates with the femur and covers and
    protects the anterior articular surface of the
    knee join

    Patellar and Popliteal Surface

    TARSAL BONES
    The 7 bones of the tarsus make up the skeleton
    of the posterior half of the foot. 1. Proximal rows
    = Talus and Calcaneus 2. Distal rows (Medial to
    Lateral) = medial cuneiform, intermediate
    cuneiform, lateral cuneiform and the cuboid 3.
    Medial side = Navicular bone

    Tibia
    Large medial bone of the leg.

    Tarsal MNEMONICS
    Try Catching Naughty Cute Chicks
    T=Talus
    C=Calcaneum
    N=Navicular
    C=Cuniforms 3
    C=Cuboid

    Tall Centers Never Take Shots From Corners


    T = Talus
    C = Calcaneus
    N = Navicular
    T = Third Cuneiform
    S = Second Cuneiform
    F = First Cuneiform
    Fibula C = Cuboid
    Slender lateral bone of the leg which takes no
    part in the articulation at the knee joint but
    below it forms the lateral malleolus of the ankle
    joint.
    METATARSALS
    The metatarsus or metatarsal bones are a group
    of five long bones in the foot located between
    the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-foot and
    the phalanges of the toes. Lacking individual
    names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from
    the medial side (side of big toe): the first, second,
    third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal. The
    metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal
    bones of the hand.

    FOOT PHALANGES
    The phalanges of the foot are the bones in the
    toes. They correspond, in number and general
    arrangement, with those of the hand; there are
    two in the big toe, and three in each of the other
    toes. They differ from them, however, in their
    size, the bodies being much reduced in length,
    and, especially in the first row, laterally
    compressed.

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