Circles
Circles
Circles
CIRCLES
CIRCLES 2
1. In Figure, if tangents PA and PB drawn from a point P to 6. Prove that the perpendicular at the point of contact to the
a circle with centre O, are inclined to each other at an tangent to a circle passes through the center of the circle.
angle of 70o, then find the measure of ∠POA. [CBSE-Term 2 -2022 Basic]
[CBSE- Term 2 – 2022 - Basic] 7. Prove that the opposite sides of a quadrilateral
circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary angles at
the centre of the circle.
[CBSE – Term 2 - 2022 Standard]
Options
(a) 3 cm
(b) 4 cm
(c) 2 cm
(d) 2 2 cm 2 2 cm
CIRCLES 3
11. In Figure, PQ is tangent to the circle with centre at O, at 16. If the angle between two tangents drawn from an external
the point B. If ∠AOB = 100o, then ∠ABP is equal to point P to a circle of radius a and centre O, is 60, then
[CBSE 2020] find the length of OP.
[CBSE 2017]
17. Prove that the tangents drawn at the end points of a
chord of a circle make equal angles with the chord.
[CBSE 2017]
18. A circle touches all the four sides of a quadrilateral
ABCD. Prove that AB + CD = BC + DA.
[CBSE 2017]
19. In the figure, PQ is a tangent at a point C to a circle with
Options
(a) 50o centre O. if AB is a diameter and ∠CAB = 30 o, find
(b) 40o ∠PCA.
(c) 60o [CBSE 2016]
(d) 80o
12. In figure, find the perimeter of ΔABC, if AP = 12 cm
[CBSE 2020]
Options:
(a) 3.8
(b) 7.6
(c) 5.7
(d) 1.9
25. In Fig., PQ and PR are two tangents to a circle with
centre O. If ∠QPR = 46o, then ∠QOR equals:
[CBSE 2014]
Options:
(a) 67o
(b) 134o
(c) 44o
(d) 46o
CIRCLES 5
Solutions:
1. ∠OAP = ∠OBP = 90o
Using angle sum property of the quadrilateral, ∠AOB =
110o
ΔAPO ≅ ΔBPO ⇒ ∠POA = 55o
2. 7.
ΔOBP ≅ ΔOBQ (SSS)
⇒ ∠1 = ∠2 cpct
Similarly ∠3 = ∠4, ∠5 = ∠6 and ∠7 = ∠8
As ∠1 + ∠2 + ∠3 + ∠4 + ∠5 + ∠6 + ∠7 + ∠8 = 360o
⇒ 2∠8 + 2∠1 + 2∠4 + 2∠5 = 360o ⇒ ∠8 + ∠1 + ∠4 +
∠5 = 180 o
⇒ ∠AOB + ∠COD = 180o similarly ∠BOC + ∠AOD =
180 o
8. We know that tangents drawn from the external point to
ΔOBP ≅ ΔORP (SSS) the circle are equal
⇒ ∠1 = ∠2 (cpct)
∴ BP = BQ
ΔOAQ ≅ ΔORQ (SSS)
CP = CR
⇒ ∠3 = ∠4 (cpct)
AQ = AR
As ∠AQP and ∠BPQ are consecutive interior angles and l
2AQ = AQ + AR
|| m
= (AB + BQ) + (AC + CR)
⇒ ∠1 + ∠2 + ∠3 + ∠4 = 180o
= AB + BP + AC + CP
⇒ 2∠ 2 + 2∠3 = 180o
= AB + AC + BC
∠2 + ∠3 = 90o
= AB + AC + BC
∴ ∠POQ = 90o (Using angle sum property in ΔPOQ)
1
3. Here, QC = QA and RC = RB AQ = ( AB + AC + BC )
Therefore PA + PB = PQ + QA + PR + RB 2
= PQ + QC + PR + RC 9.
⇒ 2PA = PQ + QR + PR = 20cm (PA = PB)
⇒ PA =1 0cm
4. Since AB is diameter therefore ∠D = 90o
⇒ ∠ABD = 35o
Also, AB ⊥ BC ⇒ ∠DBC = 90o – 35o = 55o
5. Tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are
equal in length Let ∠APO = θ
∴ BP = BS, CP = CQ, DQ = DR, AR = AS OA 1
AB + CD = u + x + y + z = BC + AD sin = =
But BC = AD, AB = DC ⇒ 2AB = 2BC OP 2
AB = BC ⇒ ABCD is rhombus ⇒ θ = 30 o
⇒ ∠APB = 2θ = 60o
6.
Also, ∠PAB = ∠PBA = 60o (∵ PA = PB)
⇒ Δ APB is equilateral
Given: OP = 2r and OA = r
Now, AP ⊥ OA
[∴ Tangent ⊥ Radius]
∴ ΔOAP is a right triangle.
Let ∠OPA = θ
On contrary, assume that perpendicular AB to tangent Then, in ΔOAP
BX at B does not pass through centre. Join centre O to B OA
⇒ OB is radius which must be ⊥ to tangent ⇒ ∠OBX = sin =
90o OP
Also, ∠ABX = 90o r 1
Which is possible only when A and O coincide ⇒ ⊥ to
= = = sin 30
2r 2
tangent passes through centre.
CIRCLES 6
Since tangents are equally inclined to the line, joining the 13. As per given information we have drawn the figure
centre of the circle to their common external point. below.
1
∴ ∠OPA = ∠OPB = ∠APB
2
Or, ∠APB = 2∠OPA
= 2θ
= 2 × 30o = 60o
Also, in ΔAPB, Using Pythagoras theorem in ΔABC, we get
AP = PB [∵ Tangents drawn from an external point are BC2 = AB2 + AC2
equal] = 102 + 102
⇒ ∠ABP = ∠PAB = xo (Say) = 100 + 100 = 200
[Equal angles opposite to equal sides] BC = 10√2 cm
180o − APB Thus (c) is correct option.
So, xo = 14.
2
180 − 60o
o
= = 60o
2
P = PAB = ABP = 60
∵ ΔAPB is an equilateral triangle.
o
10. Given, ∠QPR=90
Since, the line from the centre of the circle bisects
the angle between thetangents.
o
Therefore, ∠OPQ = 45 . Given radius, OP = OQ = 5 cm
In ΔPOQ , we have Length of chord, PQ = 4 cm
OQ
tan 45 = OT ⊥ PQ,
PQ ∴ PM = MQ = 4 cm [Perpendicular draw from the centre
OQ of the circle to a chord bisect the chord]
I =
PQ In right ΔOPM,
⇒ PQ = OQ OP2 = PM2 + OM2
⇒ PQ = 4cm ⇒ 52 = 42 + OM2
Therefore, PQ is 4cm. ⇒ OM2 = 25 – 16 = 9
Hence, option (B) is correct. Hence OM = 3cm
11. In ΔAOB, AO = OB In right ΔPTM,
PT2 = TM2 + PM2 ………………(1)
∴ ∠OAB= ∠OBA=40o
∠OPT = 900 [Radius is perpendicular to tangent at point
Since PQ is tangent at the point B, ∠OBP=90o
of contact]
⇒∠OBP = ∠OBA + ∠ABP In right ΔPOPT,
⇒ 90o= 40o + ∠ABP OT2 = PT2 + OP2 ………………….(2)
⇒ ∠ABP=90o -40o From equations (1) and (2), we get
⇒ ABP=50o OT2 = (TM2 + PM2) + OP2
Therefore, ∠ABP is equal to o 50o ⇒ (TM + OM)2 = (TM2 + PM2) + OP2
Hence, option (A) is correct. ⇒ TM2 + OM2 + 2 × TM × OM = TM2 + PM2 + OP2
12. As we know, tangents drawn from an external point are ⇒ OM2 + 2×TM ×OM= PM2 + OP2
equal. ⇒ 32 + 2×TM ×3= 42 +5 2
Therefore, BD = BP, CD = CQ and AP = AQ. ⇒ 9 + 6 TM = 16 + 25
Perimeter of Δ ABC = AB + BC + CA ⇒ 6TM = 32
= AB + BD + CD + AC 32 16
= AP + AQ TM = =
= 2AP 6 3
= 2 × 12 Equation (1) becomes,
= 24 PT2 = TM2 + PM2
Therefore, perimeter of Δ ABC is 24 cm.
CIRCLES 7
2
16 a
= + 42 In a ΔPBO sin 30 =
3 OP
256
=
( 256 + 144 ) OP = 2a units
+ 16 = 17. Need to prove that
9 9
∠BAP = ∠ABP
2
400 20
= =
9 3
20
Hence PT =
3
20
Thus, the length of tangent PT is cm.
3
15.
AB is the chord
We know that OA = OB (radii)
∠OBP = ∠OAP = 90o
Join OP and OP = OP
By RHS congruency
Given AP and AQ are two tangents from a point A to a circle C ΔOBP ≅ ΔOAP
∴ By CPCT BP = AP
( O, r)
In ΔABP, BP = BP
To Prove AP = AQ
Angles opposite to equal sides are equal
Construction join OP, OQ and OA
∴ ∠BAP = ∠ABP
Proof: In order to prove that AP=AQ, we shall first prove
that ΔOPA= ΔOQA Hence proved.
since a tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the 18.
radius through the point of contact.
Therefore, OP ┴ AP and OQ ┴ AQ
60
∴ ∠BPO = ∠OPA = = 30
2
CIRCLES 8