Eqorrscan Resume

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RT-EQcorrscan uses matched-filtering methods to detect seismic events.

Matched-filtering is a
template-matching technique that compares continuous seismic data with pre-defined template
waveforms to identify similar events. The software computes fully normalized cross-correlations
between the data and template waveforms, using frequency-domain cross-correlation chunking for
memory efficiency. The cross-correlations are aligned based on template moveouts and stacked to
generate network cross-correlation sums. Detection is then performed on these sums using either a
fixed threshold or a threshold based on a multiple of the median absolute deviation (MAD) of the
sum. This approach allows RT-EQcorrscan to detect earthquakes with overlapping waveforms and
reduces sensitivity to variations in background seismic amplitudes, making it well-suited for
detecting and characterizing aftershock sequences [1][4].

The limitations and computational load considerations of using RT-EQcorrscan for near-real-time
earthquake detection include:

1. Latency: The overall latency of the RT-EQcorrscan system is the sum of multiple latencies, including
data latency and the detection interval specified by the user. The detection interval is adjusted
automatically to be at least the processing time for the template set in use. For sets of 1000-4000
templates running on systems with an 8-12 thread CPU, the latency of the entire system is typically
less than 2 minutes [2].

2. Amplitude Variations: Cross-correlations used in matched-filtering are sensitive to amplitude


variations. This can be problematic when data arrive in small chunks with strong variations in
amplitude, such as in aftershock sequences. While this problem can be overcome, the benefits of
real-time cross-correlations are reduced compared to a delayed approach [2].

3. Computational Load: The computational load of RT-EQcorrscan depends on the number of


channels and templates used. Processing time and peak memory use increase with the number of
channels and templates. For example, running 403 templates on a quad-core Intel i7 processor took
approximately 30 seconds for each detection step and used less than 2 GB of RAM. Running a similar
process with 1000 templates consumed less than 3 GB of RAM [5].

4. Hardware Considerations: The computational efficiency of RT-EQcorrscan can be improved by


increasing the number of available CPU cores. More CPU cores can accelerate the correlations, but
there is a limit to the performance improvement. For large networks, the number of templates used
should be limited to avoid exceeding the near-real-time limit [1].

These limitations and computational load considerations should be taken into account when using
RT-EQcorrscan for near-real-time earthquake detection to ensure efficient and accurate results.
Pertimbangan ambang batas template dalam RT-EQcorrscan dapat bervariasi tergantung pada
preferensi pengguna dan karakteristik data seismik yang sedang diproses. Ambang batas template
dapat ditentukan berdasarkan nilai ambang tetap atau berdasarkan kelipatan deviasi mutlak median
(MAD) dari jumlah cross-korelasi.

Penggunaan ambang batas tetap memungkinkan pengguna untuk secara manual menentukan nilai
ambang yang sesuai dengan data yang sedang diproses. Sebagai contoh, dalam satu studi, ambang
batas tetap diatur pada rata-rata korelasi tunggal saluran sebesar 0,3 di setidaknya lima stasiun [1].

Alternatifnya, pengguna juga dapat menggunakan ambang batas berdasarkan kelipatan MAD. MAD
adalah statistik yang tahan terhadap nilai ekstrem, dan dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi variasi
amplitudo yang signifikan dalam korelasi pendek. Namun, perlu diingat bahwa distribusi nilai MAD
dapat bervariasi secara signifikan tergantung pada panjang korelogram, terutama selama urutan
dengan laju tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu berhati-hati dalam menggunakan ambang batas MAD untuk
deteksi near-real-time [3].

Pilihan ambang batas template ini dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna dan karakteristik
data seismik yang sedang diproses.

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