Finals Compilation Matsci
Finals Compilation Matsci
Finals Compilation Matsci
- Low Density
- It is a material that made by combining
- Low Thermal Conductivity
two or more materials that usually have
- Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
different physical and chemical
- Shock Resistance
properties.
- Fatigue and Creep Resistance
- When they are combined, they can
create a material that have unique
properties.
WHY COMPOSITES?
IMPORTANTN ROLE OF COMPOSITES
1. Weight Reduction
THROUGHOUT HUMAN HISTORY
2. Design Flexibility
o Plywood 3. Properties are superior from
o Concrete constituents
o Cartonnage
Downside of Composties
o Cob
o Papier-mache 1. Expensive material
2. Have limited shelf life
PLYWOOD
3. Specialized manufacturing process
- Gluing thin sheet of wood together to required
create a thicker and stronger final 4. Cannot be easily recycled
product.
CONCRETE
2 PHASES OF COMPOSITES
- Made up of a filler(Aggregates like stone,
sand, etc.) and a binder (Cement paste). 1. MATRIX
Thermosetting Resins
FUNCTIONS OF MATRIX
- Most widely used matrix resin due to a
- Hold the fibers together
curing process that makes them rigid and
- Protects the fibers from environment
cannot be reformed. They also tend to
- Distributed the loads evenly between
be more resistant to corrosive
fiber so that all fibers are subjected to
environments and solvents. They
same amount of strain
become cross linked during fabrication &
- Enhances transverse properties of
do not soften upon reheating. One
laminate
example is rubber.
- improves impact and fracture resistance
of a component Thermoplastic Resins
- carry inter laminar shear
- Thermoplastics, on the other hand, can
FUNCTIONS OF MATRIX be repeatedly softened and re-formed
by application of heat. They soften upon
- Short-beam method
heating and can be reshaped with heat
- Interlaminar shear strength
and pressure.
- Functions of matrix
Thermoplastic can be synthesized by the process
Desired Properties of Matrix
called addition polymerization while thermosets
- Reduced moisture absorption are by condensation polymerization.
- Low shrinkage
- Low coefficient of thermal expansion
- Strength at elevated temperature
Ceramic-Matrix Composite COMMON MATRIX MATERIALS
- Finger joint
- Breast implant
- Heart valve
CLASSIFICATION OF BIOMATERIALS Disadvantages
BIOCERAMICS
Metals – metals and alloys are used as - Ceramics are used as biomaterials due to
biomaterials due to their excellent electrical and their high mechanical strength and
thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. biocompatibility.
Ceramic
The most common metals and alloys used for - Inorganic compounds that contain
biomedical applications are: metallic and non-metallics elements, for
which inter-atomic bonding is ionic or
1. Stainless steel – used for orthopedic
covalent, and which are generally
implants, such as joint replacement and
formed at high temperatures.
bone plates
2. Titanium and titanium-based alloys – it is Bioactive Material
widely used in dental implants, bone
- A material that elicits a specific biological
screws, and orthopedic implants.
response at the interface of the
3. Tantalum-based alloys – tantalum is
materials, resulting in the formation of a
commonly used in orthopedic and dental
bond between the tissues and the
implants such as bone screws.
material.
4. Cobalt-based alloys – they are used in
orthopedic and dental implants, such as Advantage
hip and knee replacements, bone plates,
and dental crowns. - Inert in body
5. Magnesium-based alloys – they are used - High wear resistance
in orthopedic applications, such as - High modulus (stiffness) & compressive
biodegradable bone screws and plates. strength
6. Nickel-Titanium(NiTi) Alloy – they are - Esthetic for dental application
used in orthodontic wires, stents, and Disadvantage
various other medical devices.
- Brittle
Advantages - Low tensile strength
- High strength - Poor fatigue resistance
- Fatigue resistance Types of Bio-ceramics
- Relatively good wear resistance
- Easy fabrication 1. Tricalcium phosphate
- Easy to sterilize 2. Apatite ceramics
- Shape memory (NiTi-Nitinol) 3. Porous ceramics
4. Carbon
5. Alumina
APPLICATIONS OF BIO-CERAMIC ADVANTAGES OF POLYMERS IN BIOMATERIALS
SKINS
CIRCULATION