Global Marketing

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Value Chain

VALUE CHAIN
Economies of Scale

Managerial

Financial
INTERNAL
ECONOMIES OF SCALE Technical

Marketing and etc.

Economies of
Information

Resources &
Development
EXTERNAL
Economies of
Concentration

Economies of
Specialization
Marketing Mix

PRODUCT
• Design
• Quality
• Branding
PRICE • Accessories
• Usefulness
• Skimming • Packaging
PLACE
• Penetration • Technology
• Cost-Plus • Retail
• Loss Leader • Wholesale
• Local-Export
• Internet

PROMOTION
• Advertising
MARKETING
• Special Offers PHYSICAL
• Endorsements MIX
• User Trials
• Free Gifts ENVIRONMENT
• Posters • User Stories
• Recommendations
• Office Premises
PROCESS • Buzz
• Especially relevant to PEOPLE
service industries
• How are services • Employees
consumed? • Management
• Culture
• Customer Service
Market Segmentation

MARKET
SEGMENTATION

DEMOGRAPHIC GEOGRAPHIC PSYCHOGRAPHIC BEHAVIORAL

• Gender • Country • Social Class • Occasion


• Age • Region • Lifestyle • Benefits
• Family Size • Climate • Personality • Loyalty
• Life-cycle • Density • Attitude
• Income • User Rate
• Education
• Nationality
Product Life Cycle

PRODUCT LIFE
CYCLE

Maturity
Growth
Decline
Product has
Introduction made its place The peak of
Development in the market & the product’s sales. Sales begin
When product consumer have Highest point to dwindle;
is first launched embraced it.
Start of the in the PLC. the final stage
into the market. Marketing is
product journey. Sales will stabilize. in the
A critical time critical during
market research Product Life
in the product this stage.
& product Cycle (PLC).
life cycle.
development
stage.
Market Integration

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