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    Peng Mat 2

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    Herry Eci Muhammad
    This document discusses impact testing and metallography. It describes Charpy and Izod impact tests, which are used to determine properties like toughness, brittleness, and ductility. It also discusses metallographic examination, which involves cutting, grinding, polishing, etching, and microscopic analysis of samples to identify phases, microstructures, and other material characteristics. Proper sample preparation and standardized testing methods are important for obtaining accurate results in impact testing and metallography.

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    Peng Mat 2

    Uploaded by

    Herry Eci Muhammad
    18 views47 pages
    This document discusses impact testing and metallography. It describes Charpy and Izod impact tests, which are used to determine properties like toughness, brittleness, and ductility. It also discusses metallographic examination, which involves cutting, grinding, polishing, etching, and microscopic analysis of samples to identify phases, microstructures, and other material characteristics. Proper sample preparation and standardized testing methods are important for obtaining accurate results in impact testing and metallography.

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    PENG_MAT_2 (1)

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    This document discusses impact testing and metallography. It describes Charpy and Izod impact tests, which are used to determine properties like toughness, brittleness, and ductility. It also discusses metallographic examination, which involves cutting, grinding, polishing, etching, and microscopic analysis of samples to identify phases, microstructures, and other material characteristics. Proper sample preparation and standardized testing methods are important for obtaining accurate results in impact testing and metallography.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views47 pages

    Peng Mat 2

    Uploaded by

    Herry Eci Muhammad
    This document discusses impact testing and metallography. It describes Charpy and Izod impact tests, which are used to determine properties like toughness, brittleness, and ductility. It also discusses metallographic examination, which involves cutting, grinding, polishing, etching, and microscopic analysis of samples to identify phases, microstructures, and other material characteristics. Proper sample preparation and standardized testing methods are important for obtaining accurate results in impact testing and metallography.

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    of 47

    Dr.Ir.M.Amin Suhadi,M.

    Eng
    SIFAT
    IMPACT MEKANIS
    BAHAN
    TEST

    • KETANGGUHAN (TOUGHNESS)
    • KERAPUHAN (BRITTLENESS) ILMU
    • KELIATAN (DUCTILITY) BAHAN
    • TEMPERATUR TRANSISI
    PENGUJIAN IMPAK
    BERTUJUAN UNTUK MENDAPATKAN:
    NILAI IMPAK
    energi / luas permukaan

    KETANGGUHAN
    Besarnya energi yang dapat diserap
    sampai patah

    TEMPERATUR TRANSISI
    batas temperatur antara lunak ( ductile )
    dan rapuh (brittle)
    JENIS PENGUJIAN ADA 2 TIPE :

    CHARPY TEST : IZOD TEST


    POSISI SPECIMEN POSISI SPECIMEN
    MENDATAR DAN BERDIRI DAN
    TEGAK LURUS SEARAH DENGAN
    DENGAN AYUNAN AYUNAN
    PENDULUM PENDULUM

    LETAK NOTCH LETAK NOTCH


    DITENGAH TIDAK DITENGAH
    SPECIMEN SPECIMEN
    I
    M
    P
    A
    C
    T

    T
    E
    S
    T
    Gambar Batang uji charpy V notch

    2 mm
    450+20

    10 +0,05
    27,5 + 0,4 27,5 + 0,4

    8 +0,05
    R0,25+0,025

    55 + 0,6 10 +0,05
    DUCTILE – BRITTLE TRANSITION
    TANDA LAIN DUCTILE/BRITTLE
    Patah liat
    Patah
    getas

    takikan
    b

    takikan

    a
    Ekspansi lateral = a – b mm
    IZOD TYPE
    Banyak digunakan pada polymer dan composite
    IZOD IMPACT TEST
    ASTM D256 and
    ISO 180

    Specimen size:
    The standard specimen for ASTM is 64 x 12.7 x 3.2 mm
    (2½ x ½ x 1/8 inch). The most common specimen
    thickness is 3.2 mm (0.125 inch), but the preferred
    thickness is 6.4 mm (0.25 inch) because it is not as
    likely to bend or crush. The depth under the notch of
    the specimen is 10.2 mm (0.4 inches).
    DROP TEST
    Definition: Technique for measuring the durability
    of a part or material by subjecting it to a free fall,
    from a predetermined height into a surface, under
    prescribed conditions.
    Drop Weight Impact Testing
    Machine is designed to perform
    drop weight tearing test (DWTT)
    for the ferrite steel materials
    including plank, section bar, cast
    steel and forged steel so as to
    observe specimen fracture
    character after impact within the
    temperature that the fracture is
    converted from non-ductility to
    ductility. This test method is to
    raise a striker with some weights
    to a height then released it; Free
    drop striker impacts and tears the
    specimen. After the impact,
    observe the shape and features of
    the fracture surface.
    METALLOGRAFI
    IDENTIFIKASI FASA
    IDENTIFIKASI UKURAN DAN DISTRIBUSI BUTIR
    IDENTIFIKASI GRAFIT PADA BESI COR
    MENGUKUR KEDALAMAN PENGERASAN
    PERMUKAAN
    IDENTIFIKASI DEKARBURISASI
    IDENTIFIKASI REKRISTALISASI
    IDENTIFIKASI OVERHEATING
    IDENTIFIKASI RETAK/PORSITY PD BENDA COR
    IDENTIFIKASI INKLUSI/KOTORAN
    IDENTIFIKASI PRESIPITASI
    IDENTIFIKASI DEFORMASI KRISTAL
    IDENTIFIKASI KOROSI
    IDENTIFIKASI HASIL HEAT TREATMENT
    STANDAR PENGUJIAN YANG DILAKUKAN
    MENURUT - ASTM

    E3-95 Preparation of Metallographic Specimens


    E112-96 Estimating the Average Grain Size of
    Metals
    E340-95 Macroetching Metals and Alloys
    E384-89 Microhardness of Materials
    E407-93 Micoetching Metals and Alloys
    E562-95 Determining Volume Fraction by
    Systematic Point Count
    E883-94 Reflected Light Photomicrography
    E1382-91 Determine Average Grain Size Using
    Semiautomatic and Automatic Image Analysis
    METALLOGRAFI
    PROSEDUR :

    v POTONG
    v GERINDA/AMPLAS
    v POLES
    v ETSA
    v MIKROSKUP
    v PEMOTRETAN
    YANG HARUS DIPERHATIKAN DLM
    PEMOTONGAN

     PEMILIHAN LOKASI
     JUMLAH YANG REPRESENTATIF
     UKURAN
     TEKNIK PEMOTONGAN
     JENIS ALAT POTONG
     TEMPERATUR
     PELINDUNG SPY TDK TEROKSIDASI
     BERI IDENTIFIKASI (NOMOR)
    ALAT POTONG
    UNTUK
    METALLOGRAFI
    GERINDA DAN AMPELAS :

     PENGGERINDAAN TIDAK BOLEH PANAS


     TIDAK BOLEH MERUSAK STRUKTUR YANG ADA
     AMPELAS BERTAHAP DARI YANG PALING KASAR
     SETIAP PERGANTIAN TINGKAT DI PUTAR 90o
     SETIAP TINGKATAN DIUSAHAKAN SAMPAI GARIS
    YANG TEGAK LURUS HILANG
     PENGAMPELASAN JUGA TIDAK BOLEH PANAS
     PERMUKAAN HARUS BENAR BENAR RATA, TIDAK
    MELENGKUNG
     SELAMA PENGAMPELASAN TIDAK BOLEH
    TERKONTAMINASI
    MESIN GERINDA
    BARANG BARANG KONSUMTIV
    YANG HARUS DIPERHATIKAN DLM MEMOLES

    ▪ BEKAS AMPELAS HARUS BENAR BENAR HALUS


    ▪ PEMOLESAN HARUS SAMPAI GARIS GARIS BEKAS
    AMPELAS HILANG
    ▪ DILAKUKAN BERTINGKAT DARI YG PALING KASAR
    ▪ PADA PIRINGAN POLES TIDAK BOLEH ADA PARTIKEL
    KASAR/KOTORAN
    ▪ TIDAK TERKONTAMINASI DENGAN ZAT KIMIA/LEMAK
    ▪ BAHAN POLES TIDAK BEREAKSI DENGAN BENDA UJI
    ▪ PEMOLESAN HARUS MERATA
    ▪ DIJAGA AGAR PERMUKAAN BENDA UJI TIDAK
    TEROKSIDASI
    YANG HARUS DIPERHATIKAN KETIKA ETSA

    PERMUKAAN BENDA UJI HARUS BERSIH, TIDAK


    BERLEMAK, TIDAK TERSENTUH TANGAN DAN TIDAK
    TEROKSIDASI
    TIDAK TERDAPAT GORESAN LAGI
    LARUTAN ETSA HARUS SESUAI DENGAN STANDARD
    WAKTU ETSA HARUS DIPERHATIKAN
    ETSA HARUS MERATA DISELURUH PERMUKAAN
    SEGERA DI STOP KETIKA SAMPAI PADA WAKTUNYA
    TUNGGU SAMPAI KERING BARU BOLEH DI LIHAT DI
    MIKROSKUP
    KALAU GAGAL HARUS DI AMPELAS ULANG
    CONTOH JENIS ETSA

    NITAL CARBON STEEL


    PICRAL HEAT TREATED STEEL
    VILELLA’S REAGENT BATAS BUTIR AUSTENIT
    SODIUM META BISULFIT MARTENSIT GELAP
    MARSHALL’S REAGANT BATAS BUTIR FERIT
    PEMERIKSAAN DG MIKROSKUP

    HARUS MENGETAHUI CARA PENGOPERASIANNYA


    MULAI DENGAN PERBESARAN YG KECIL (50x, dsb)
    PENYINARAN CUKUP
    PASTIKAN BAHWA HASIL ETSA MEMBERI EFEK
    KONTRAS DI MIKROSKUP
    PILIHLAH OBYEK YANG PALING MENARIK PADA
    STRUKTUR MIKRO
    PILIH OBYEK YANG MENDEKATI PRAKIRAAN
    ANALISA
    PASTIKAN GAMBAR BENAR BENAR FOKUS DAN
    SIAP UNTUK DI POTRET
    JANGAN LUPA DICATAT IDENTIFIKASINYA
    MIKROSKUP OPTIK DILENGKAPI KAMERA
    DIGITAL DAN KOMPUTER UNTUK PHOTO
    PROCESSING
    Proeutectoid ferrite Proeutectoid cementite
    CAST IRON
    NODULAR IRON
    THERMAL DAMAGE
    AKIBAT DARI
    PEMOTONGAN PANAS
    Drawing showing the various
    regions of the HAZ in a single-pass
    weld and the possible defects.
    mounts of various welds. Weld-base metal interface on
    Ground and etched macro Duplex stainless steel.
    Mechanically prepared;
    section through a MIG (Metal
    electrolytically etched in 40%
    Inert Gas) weld in carbon aqueous sodium hydroxide
    steel, etched with 4% Nital. solution.
    Bright field, 6.5x Bright Field, 25x.
    Weld area. Mechanically polished weld
    DUPLEX. Weld microstructure section of full penetration weld in grade
    consists mainly of delta ferrite 1 titanium. The weld microstructure
    and austenite. consists of Widmanstätten á phase.
    Polarised light with a sensitive tint plate
    Bright Field, 200x. (ë1/4-plate),50x.
    Aluminium friction stir weld, etched externally according
    to Barker, using 15V for 3 min. Polarised light with a
    sensitive tint plate (ë1/4-plate), 25x
    ETSA MAKRO
    Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC)
    SAMPAI
    SLIDE
    BERIKUT

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