October 2022 IT Passport Examination

October 2022 IT Passport Examination
"Data that represents information by using a continuous, variable physical volume (length, angle,
voltage, etc.)" describes analog data.
"data that represents information by using discrete numerical values" describes digital data.
In the context of the description, the CD that stores information in discrete numerical values (like 0s and
1s) would be considered digital. Therefore, the correct combination is:
b) analog digital digital

c) Enclosing the sentence, clauses, and other elements by using tags
In XML, the logical structure of a sentence is described by enclosing the elements, including the sentence
and clauses, using tags to represent their hierarchy and relationships.
c) For a CPU of a given architecture, raising the clock frequency increases processing speed.
Increasing the clock frequency of a CPU, while keeping the architecture constant, generally leads to
higher processing speed, as each clock cycle allows the CPU to execute more instructions.
b) Cache memory is used to reduce the effective access time of main memory.
Explanation: Cache memory is a smaller, faster type of volatile computer memory that provides high-
speed data access to a processor and stores frequently used computer programs, applications, and data
to speed up processing. Its primary purpose is to reduce the time it takes to access data from the main
memory.
a) It provides communications across a short distance of approximately 10 cm, and is used for
reading and writing data on an IC card or IC tag.
Explanation: Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short-range wireless communication

technology that allows devices, such as smartphones, to communicate with each other when they are in
close proximity, typically within 10 centimeters. It is commonly used for applications like contactless
payments, data transfer, and access control.
c) Cache memory
Explanation: Cache memory has the shortest access time among the given options. It is a type of volatile
computer memory that provides high-speed data access to a processor and is faster than both main
memory (RAM) and secondary storage devices like HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and SSD (Solid State Drive).
d) Bottleneck
Explanation: In computing, a bottleneck refers to a point in a system where the performance is limited by
a single component, resource, or process. When the processing speed of the system is constrained
because of a slower component, that component is identified as the bottleneck.
a) BIOS, OS, resident application programs
Explanation: When a PC is started, the order of execution is typically as follows: the BIOS (Basic Input
Output System) initializes the hardware and starts the boot process, then the operating system (OS) is
loaded, and finally, resident application programs are executed.
b) Keeping a copy of a file and comparing it to the modified one later
Explanation: One way to identify the modified contents when a record in a file is modified is by keeping a
copy of the original file and comparing it with the modified version later. This allows you to track the
changes made to the file and identify the specific modifications.
c) Firefox, Linux, Thunderbird
Explanation: Firefox and Thunderbird are open-source software applications, and Linux is an open-source
operating system.
a) Activation
Explanation: Activation is the process of validating a software license by using the product ID and the
user's hardware information to prevent unauthorized use of the software.
d) MPEG
Explanation: MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) is a standard for the compression of audio and video
data. It is commonly used for compressing both video and audio data in formats such as MPEG-2 and
MPEG-4.
c) Exclusive control
Explanation: Exclusive control is a function in a Database Management System (DBMS) that helps
maintain consistency by preventing conflicts due to simultaneous access to data. It ensures that only one
transaction can access a particular data item at a time, preventing issues like lost updates and
maintaining data integrity.
b) LPWA (Low Power Wide Area)
Explanation: LPWA is a type of wireless communication technology designed for long-range

communication with low power consumption. It is well-suited for applications like gathering data from
IoT devices over considerable distances, making it a suitable choice for scenarios where wireless
communication needs to cover tens of kilometers while conserving power.
d) Inappropriate password management
Explanation: Inappropriate password management refers to vulnerabilities related to the way passwords
are handled, including weak passwords, lack of encryption, or poor password policies. Computer virus,
social engineering, and tapping of communications data are typically considered threats rather than
vulnerabilities.
b) Risk identification
Explanation: In the Information Security Management System (ISMS) risk assessment process, the first
step is to identify potential risks. Once risks are identified, the subsequent steps involve analyzing and
evaluating those risks, followed by the development and implementation of risk treatment measures.

October 2022 IT Passport Examination

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October 2022 IT Passport Examination

b) analog digital digital

Explanation: Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short-range wireless communication

b) Keeping a copy of a file and comparing it to the modified one later

c) Firefox, Linux, Thunderbird

Explanation: LPWA is a type of wireless communication technology designed for long-range

d) Inappropriate password management

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