9

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry Grade 9

Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 6_Week 6: Types of Reaction of Organic Compounds
First Edition, 2020

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 SSC
9

Special Science Program

Consumer Chemistry
Quarter 1 – Module 6_Week 6
Types of Reactions of Organic
Compounds
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Consumer Chemistry 9 Module on Types of Reactions of Organic
Compounds !
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This module is self-explanatory. You are expected to encourage, assist
and keep track of the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.

Notes to the Learners

This module is self-explanatory. You are expected to follow the module
sequentially and independently. Answer the activities and assessment
with outmost honesty.

2
 Notes to the Facilitator/Parent
This module is self-explanatory. Provide ample time for the learner to
finish the task given and a space conducive for learning. The role of
the facilitator/parent is to explain a topic for clarification

Standard Symbols/Icons used to represent some parts

of the module:

Introduction. It contains learning objectives to be developed in

a material. It introduces the topic/content of the module briefly.

What I Know. This is given to check what the learner knows about the
lesson to take. This contains instruction in whether to proceed or skip the
module.

What’s In. Connects the current lesson with the previous lesson by
going over concepts that were learned previously.

What’s New. Introduces the new lesson through a story, a poem, song,
situation, or an activity.

3
Discussion. Provides questions that will help the learner discover and
understand the concept.

What is It. This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. The
aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and
skills.

What’s More. This comprises activities for independent practice to

solidity your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned. This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled into process what you learned from the
lesson.

What I Can Do. This section provides an activity which will help you
transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment. This evaluates the learner’s level of mastery in achieving

the learning objectives. The task given shall validate the concepts and
provide more opportunities to deepen the learning.

Additional Activities. In this portion, another activity will be given to you

to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.

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 Answer Key. This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

5
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the different types of organic reactions. The scope of this module permits
it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes
the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify the different types or organic reactions
2. Explain each type of organic reaction
3. Provide examples for each type or organic reaction.

What I Know

Directions: Classify each reaction as addition, elimination, or

substitution.

1. CH3CH2Br + CH3CH2OH + LiBr

LiOH
2. CH3CH2CH2Cl CH3CH=CH2 + HCl
3. CH3CH=CH2 + CH3CH2CH3
H2
4. CH3CH2Cl CH2=CH2+HCl
5. CH3Br + KOH CH3OH + KBr

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 1

 What’s In

In organic chemistry, a functional group is a specific group of atoms or bonds

within a compound that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of
that compound. The same functional group will behave in a similar fashion, by
undergoing similar reactions, regardless of the compound of which it is a part.
Functional groups also play an important part in organic compound
nomenclature; combining the names of the functional groups with the names of
the parent alkanes provides a way to distinguish compounds.

What’s New

Direction: Identify whether the following reactions are addition, elimination

or substitution.
1. C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2
2. CH3Cl + OH- CH3OH + Cl
3. CH2Cl2 + Cl2 CHCl3 + HCl

4.

5.

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 2

 What is It

Organic reactions are the chemical reactions that are

undergone by organic compounds (the chemical
compounds containing carbon). A few important types of
organic reactions are illustrated below.

Source: https://byjus.com/chemistry/types-of-organic-reactions/

1. Substitution Reactions
In a substitution reaction, one atom or a group of atoms is
substituted by another atom or a group of atoms to form a new
substance.
If a saturated hydrocarbon (an alkane) reacts with a halogen
(Group 17), one of the hydrogen atoms on the hydrocarbon chain is
replaced with a halogen. The replaced hydrogen is most likely a
hydrogen at either end of the hydrocarbon chain. Isomers are
possible, but uncommon.

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 3

 i. The hydrogens are replaced one at a time if multiple
halogens are reacted.
ii. ii. The more reactive halogens substitute for a hydrogen,
therefore this is a substitution reaction.

Source:https://static1.squarespace.com/static/59e922bf692ebe78a3288cd2/t/59e945bd8c56a8a8e1b01b03
/1508459967356/Unit+13+Organic+Chem+AE.pdf

Let us take an example of a C-Cl bond, in which the carbon atom

has a partial positive charge due to the presence of highly
electronegative chlorine atom. In a nucleophilic substitution
reaction, the nucleophile must have a pair of electrons and also
should have a high affinity for the electropositive species as
compared to the substituent which was originally present.

Another typical substitution reaction is reacting the hydroxide ion

with methyl chloride:

CH3Cl+OH−→CH3OH+Cl− (Equation 1.1)

Methyl chloride has a polar C–Cl bond, with the carbon atom
having a partial positive charge. In Equation 1.1, the electronegative
Cl atom is replaced by another electronegative species that is a
stronger nucleophile, in this case OH−. Reactions of this sort are
called nucleophilic substitution reactions. For this type of reaction
to occur, the nucleophilic reactant must possess a pair of electrons
and have a greater affinity for the electropositive carbon atom than
the original substituent.

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 4

2. Elimination Reactions

Some reactions involve the removal, or “elimination,” of adjacent

atoms from a molecule. This results in the formation of a multiple
bond and the release of a small molecule, so they are called
elimination reactions. They have the general form

and are similar to cleavage reactions in inorganic compounds. A

typical example is the conversion of ethyl chloride to ethylene:
CH3CH2Cl→CH2=CH2+HCl
In the above reaction, the eliminated molecule is HCl, which can form
out of the combination of H+ from the carbon atom which is on the
left side and Cl– from the carbon atom which is on the right side.
3. Addition Reactions
An addition reaction is simply just the opposite of an elimination
reaction. In an addition reaction, the components or molecules of A
and B are added to the carbon-carbon multiple bonds and this is
called an addition reaction. In the reaction given below when HCl is
added to ethylene, it will give us ethylene chloride.

HCl + CH2 = CH2 → CH3CH2Cl

i. If an unsaturated hydrocarbon (alkene or alkyne) reacts

with a halogen, the mechanism is that the multiple bonds
(double = alkene, triple ≡ alkyne) is broken, and the
halogen atoms add to the new bonding sites.

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 5

 Source:https://static1.squarespace.com/static/59e922bf692ebe78a3288cd2/t/59e945bd8c56a8a8e1b01b03/150845
9967356/Unit+13+Organic+Chem+AE.pdf

What’s More
ACTIVITY NO. 1
Crack the Code

Direction: Decode to reveal the secret message.

A-1 B-2 C-3 D-4 E-5 F-6 G-7 H-8 I-9
J – 10 K - 11 L - 12 M - 13 N - 14 O - 15 P - 16 Q - 17 R - 18
S - 19 T – 20 U - 21 V - 22 W - 23 X - 24 Y - 25 Z – 26

20 8 5 18 5 1 3 20 9 15 14 19 15 6 15 18 7 1 14 9 3

13 1 7 14 5 19 9 21 13 3 15 13 16 15 21 14 4 19 1 18 5 15 6

-
20 23 15 11 9 14 4 19 18 5 1 3 20 9 15 14 19 15 5

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 6

19 21 2 19 20 9 20 21 20 9 15 14 1 14 4 18 5 1 3 20 9 15 14

15 6 1 4 4 9 20 9 15 14 .

Activity # 2
Direction: Arrange the letters to form a word that is being described in each
statement.
1. It refers to the chemical reactions that are undergone by organic
compounds.
ICRNOGA NARSITECO -

2. A type of a chemical reaction where several atoms either in pairs or

groups are removed from a molecule.

NOIMATENLI CAROTENI -

3. A reaction in which one molecule combines with another to form a

larger molecule with no other products.
TIDONDAI ORCATENI -

4. It is considered as a broad class of organic reactions where the

carbon skeleton of a molecule is rearranged to give a structural
isomer of the original molecule.
MERERGNETARNA CRETAION -

5. A reaction in which one functional group is replaced with another.

ISBTONTUSITU ARCIONET - _

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 7

 What I have Learned

1. Organic reactions are the chemical reactions that are

undergone by organic compounds (the chemical compounds
containing carbon).
2. There are three (3) basic types of organic reactions:
a. Substitution reaction
b. Elimination Reaction
c. Addition Reaction
3. In a substitution reaction, one atom or a group of atoms is
substituted by another atom or a group of atoms to form a
new substance.
4. An addition reaction is simply just the opposite of an
elimination reaction. In an addition reaction, the components
or molecules of A and B are added to the carbon-carbon
multiple bonds.
5. Elimination reaction involves the removal, or “elimination,” of
adjacent atoms from a molecule which results in the formation
of a multiple bond and the release of a small molecule.

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 8

 What I Can Do

In organic synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of

new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as
drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions. The
oldest organic reactions are combustion of organic fuels and saponification of
fats to make soap.

Organic reactions are important in the production of pharmaceuticals. In a

2006 review,[4] it was estimated that 20% of chemical conversions
involved alkylation on nitrogen and oxygen atoms, another 20% involved
placement and removal of protective groups, 11% involved formation of
new carbon-carbon bond and 10% involved functional group interconversions.

Direction: Identify the type of reaction shown below by writing the type of reaction in the
specified location.
Reaction Formula Reaction How do you know the type?
Type
1. C2H4 + Cl2 C2H4Cl2 No H atoms removed; Cl is
Addition added ethene

2. C3H8 + Cl2 C3H7Cl + HCl A Cl replaces one of the H

Substitution in the hydrocarbon

3. C3H6 +Cl2 C3H6Cl2 No H atoms removed; Cl

Addition added to propene (lost the
C=C)
4. C4H8 + HBr C4H9Br Both the H and Br are
Addition added

5. C4H10 + HBr C4H9Br + H2 The Br replaced one H

Substitution

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 9

 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Read each statement very carefully and choose the letter of the
best answer.
1. Base your answer to the following question on the organic reaction below.

This reaction is an example of:

a) Addition c) Fermentation
b) b) Substitution d) Saponification

2. What type of reaction is represented by the equation below?

Addition c) Fermentation
b) Substitution d) Esterification
3. As a substitution reaction occurs, the number of electrons shared
between carbon atoms
a) Increases c) Remains the same
b) Decreases d) becomes zero
4. Given the equation: CH4 + Br2 CH3Br + HBr. Which type of
reaction does this equation represent?
a) An addition reaction c) Saponification reaction
b) A substitution reaction d) An esterification reaction

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 10

 5. Which of the following reactions is an addition reaction?
a) C2H4 + Cl2 C2H4Cl2 c) C3H8 + HBr C3H7Br + H2
b) C2H6 + Cl2 C2H5Cl + HCl d) CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O
6. The rate of nucleophilic substitution reactions are higher in the
presence of .
a) Electron withdrawing groups
b) Electron releasing groups
c) both electron withdrawing and releasing groups
d) none of the above

7. What is a substitution reaction?

a) A reaction that substitutes where atoms are bonded onto carbon
b) A reaction that substitutes a new atom for a current atom on a
molecule
c) A reaction that can substitute for another reaction
d) A reaction that changes the stereochemistry of an atom
8. What type of compounds are commonly used as reactants during
addition reactions?
a) single-bonded hydrocarbons c) saturated compounds
b) alkanes d) unsaturated compounds
9. The type of reaction where there is removal of a pair of atoms or
groups from two adjacent atoms to form a multiple bond is called
.
a) elimination reaction c) substitution reaction
b) addition reaction d) esterification
10. A reaction in which an atom is added to an unsaturated molecule,
the multiple bond is reduced.
a) elimination reaction c) substitution reaction
b) addition reaction d) esterification
11. Alkenes mostly follow the reaction of .
a) addition reaction c) substitution reaction
b) elimination reaction d) none of the above
For Question 12, draw the structural representation of the final product
of addition reaction.

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 11

 12.

Refer to the diagram below and answer the questions that follow:

13. What type of reaction is this reaction?

14. Give a reason for your answer above.

15. The following reaction takes place: What type of reaction is this?

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 12

 Answer Key

Reaction Formula Reaction Type How do you know the type?

1. C2H4 + Cl2 C2H4Cl2 No H atoms removed; Cl is
Addition added ethene

2. C3H8 + Cl2 C3H7Cl + HCl A Cl replaces one of the H in

Substitution the hydrocarbon

3. C3H6 +Cl2 C3H6Cl2 No H atoms removed; Cl added

Addition to propene (lost the C=C)

4. C4H8 + HBr C4H9Br Both the H and Br are added

Addition

5. C4H10 + HBr C4H9Br + H2 The Br replaced one H

Substitution

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 13

Post Test
1. A 11. A

2. A 12.
3. C 13. Elimination reaction
4. A 14. A single bond becomes a double bond and a hydrogen atom
5. A chlorine atom are eliminated from the reactant.
6. A
7. B 15. Elimination reaction
8. D
9. A
10. B

Reaction Formula Reaction Type How do you know the type?

1. C2H4 + Cl2 C2H4Cl2 No H atoms removed; Cl is
Addition added ethene

2. C3H8 + Cl2 C3H7Cl + HCl A Cl replaces one of the H in

Substitution the hydrocarbon

3. C3H6 +Cl2 C3H6Cl2 No H atoms removed; Cl added

Addition to propene (lost the C=C)

4. C4H8 + HBr C4H9Br Both the H and Br are added

Addition

5. C4H10 + HBr C4H9Br + H2 The Br replaced one H

Substitution
References
https://byjus.com/chemistry/types-of-organic-reactions/

https://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-12/organic-molecules/04-organic-molecules-06

https://www.toppr.com/guides/chemistry/organic-chemistry/types-of-organic-reactions/

https://www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/Chemistry/Rizzo/chem220a/Exam2_02An.pdf

http://organicchemistrystructures.weebly.com/types-of-organic-reactions.html

https://www.slideshare.net/sureshss141/organic-reaction-mechanism-full

https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_the-basics-of-general-organic-and-biological-chemistry/s16-04-
chemical-properties-of-alkenes.html

https://static1.squarespace.com/static/59e922bf692ebe78a3288cd2/t/59e945bd8c56a8a8e1b01b03/1
508459967356/Unit+13+Organic+Chem+AE.pdf

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Map%3A_General_Chemistry_(Petrucci_et
_al.)/27%3A_Reactions_of_Organic_Compounds/27.03%3A_Introduction_to_Elimination_Reactions

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elimination_reaction#:~:text=An%20elimination%20reaction%20is%20a,k
nown%20as%20the%20E1%20reaction.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/functional-group-names-properties-
and-reactions/

https://www.depedcarifugao.com/Physical-Science11_Q1_MODULE-
6%20edited_08082020.pdf
http://depedsouthcotabato.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Enclosure-No.-3-to-DM-CID-No.-
081-s.-2020-Key-Stage-JHS-SLM-Template.pdf
https://www.depedcarifugao.com/pe6_q1_mod2_strikingfielding%20games_FINAL08032020.p
df
https://www.depedcarifugao.com/english8_q1_mod4_TransitionSignals_FINAL07282020.pdf
https://www.depedcarifugao.com/english8_q1_mod1_NotingContextClues_FINAL07282020.pd
f

https://fliphtml5.com/twbiz/qucb/basic
https://www.depedcarifugao.com/ENG4_Q1_MOD7_ENRICHING%20YOUR%20VOCABULARY_F
INAL08032020.pdf
https://www.depedcar.ph/sites/default/files/regionalMemos/rm_no._091_s.2020.pdf

https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/4-identify-three-types-
business-cost-ethical-failures-provide-examples-type-cost-q47734549

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 15

https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/identify-three-types-
business-costs-ethical-failures-provide-examples-type-cost-q17657081
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/gdc/scd0001/2005/20056118001be/20056118001be.pdf
https://quizlet.com/109358815/anatomy-and-physiology-chapter-2-guided-flash-cards/

https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/principles-of-general-chemistry-v1.0/s28-organic-
compounds.html
https://www.cliffsnotes.com/test-prep/high-school/tools-and-resources/organic-chemistry-i-
glossary
https://www.lexico.com/definition/addition_reaction

https://www.meritnation.com/ask-answer/question/is-there-any-difference-between-addition-
and-oxidation-react/carbon-and-its-compounds/9700139
https://www.ck12.org/c/chemistry/addition-reactions/rwa/Out-with-the-Old-In-with-the-New/
http://msengchemistry.weebly.com/uploads/4/3/1/6/43163699/20150430organicreactionspra
cticequestions.pdf
http://chempride.weebly.com/uploads/8/7/8/8/87880114/unit_11_organic_exam_tc_1491231
598197 1_.pdf
https://socratic.org/questions/what-is-addition-reaction-meritnation
https://www.jiskha.com/search?query=C4H10

https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/12-draw-structural-formula-
products-reduction-reactions-2x75-15-points-1-laih-2-ho-nab-2-h-q43508014
https://www.depedcarifugao.com/Physical-Science11_Q1_MODULE-
6%20edited_08082020.pdf

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 16

 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Lapu-Lapu City

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Email Address: [email protected]

SSC Elective Consumer Chemistry_Q1 Page 17